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808:, particularly flooded rice fields, can provide habitat to endangered species such as the Chinook Salmon. In the summer these fields are used for the production of rice, while in the winter, the land can be flooded to create ideal wetland habitat for salmon. They have been experimenting for the past four consecutive winters, and have documented the fastest growth of juvenile Chinook Salmon ever recorded in the Central Valley. The experiment aims to mimic the natural annual flood cycle of the Sacramento River, which most native fish species relied upon.
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358:. It was built in 1916 by the City of Sacramento and contains 48 gates over its 1,920-foot (590 m) length; water from the Sacramento Weir flows through the 1 mile (1.6 km) long Sacramento Bypass and drains into the Yolo Bypass. The crest of the Sacramento Weir is at 25 feet (7.6 m) and the top of the moveable gates is 31 feet (9.4 m); each gate is 38.1 feet (11.6 m) long.
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525:(190,000 m/min) and the bypass 500,000 cu ft/s (850,000 m/min). This flood management relieves pressure on the surrounding river levee systems and reduces the risk of urban flooding in nearby cities, such as Sacramento or Davis. During wet years, which occur during more than half of all rainy seasons, the Yolo Bypass is flooded; when flooded, it covers an area equal to
622:. The Yolo Bypass is somewhat of a pit stop for the waterfowl, and it provides nesting habitat and food for this abundance of birds. The Yolo Basin Wetlands Project is accounted as being one of the largest wetland restoration projects in the Western United States. Habitats in the Yolo Basin Wetlands includes seasonal wetlands, uplands, perennial wetlands,
561:. These rights also limit landowners from growing vegetation or building structures that would significantly obstruct flow. There is no compensation for farmers who may lose crops or other losses due to flooding. The state manages the flooding of the Yolo Bypass with farmers and native species in mind. Using
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is also part of the Yolo Bypass
Wildlife Area and was the largest public/private restoration project west of the Florida Everglades. The entire bypass forms a valuable wetland habitat when flooded during the winter and spring rainy season. In the summer, areas of the bypass outside the wildlife areas
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The Yolo Bypass extends approximately 41 miles (66 km) long, north to south, and 3 miles (4.8 km) wide. The western and eastern edges are defined by levees separated by a distance ranging from 7,000 to 16,000 feet (2,100 to 4,900 m) apart, except for an 8-mile (13 km) long segment
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Destructive floods in 1862 and 1878 prompted various flood control measures, including the 11.5-mile (18.5 km) long Tule Canal (completed in 1864) along the eastern edge of the present-day Yolo Bypass; and the
Elkhorn Weir (1897–1917), downstream of the confluence of the Feather and Sacramento
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Habitat
Management activities are monitored annually by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's Wildlife Area Habitat Committee for area in the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area. Each year they establish a specific management plan for different parts of the land. The targeted species for seasonal
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The Yolo Bypass provides a multitude of recreational uses and educational as well. The Yolo Bypass
Wildlife Headquarters provides summer educational programs for children in kindergarten through high school. These programs include hands on activities on plants, animals, and wetlands, using the
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The Yolo Bypass is often used for bird watching, hunting, and hiking. Game species include waterfowl (when the bypass is flooded), ring-necked pheasant, and mourning dove. There are also assorted trails that loop around the wetlands in the Yolo Bypass that may be accessed by the public.
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The Yolo Bypass can hold approximately four times the flow of the
Sacramento River. Together, the Sacramento River and Yolo Bypass are designed to handle a maximum flow of 600,000 cubic feet per second (1,000,000 m/min), of which the Sacramento handles 110,000 cu ft/s
731:, and irrigated pasture. Half of the rice grown in the Yolo Bypass is wild due to its tolerance to colder weather. Farming is mainly done in late spring and summer when flooding does not usually occur, but farming can be halted or delayed depending on the water level in the Bypass.
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During wet years, the bypass can be full of water. The main input to the bypass is through the passive
Fremont Weir, where water spills from the Sacramento into the bypass if it reaches the 33.5 feet (10.2 m) crest. Downstream, the Sacramento Weir, just north of the city of
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Flood control is the main purpose of the Yolo Bypass. When the flowrate of the
Sacramento River exceeds approximately 55,000 cubic feet per second (93,000 m/min), the excess is released into the Yolo Bypass at the passive Fremont Weir, near that river's confluence with the
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Recent modeling shows that increasing flow to the Yolo Bypass may be beneficial for animal habitat. An upcoming project looks to extend the Yolo Bypass by potentially pushing back the levees, and allowing more room for water to be released into the Yolo Bypass. Separately, the
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Hance, Dalton J.; Perry, Russell W.; Pope, Adam C.; Ammann, Arnold J.; Hassrick, Jason L.; Hansen, Gabriel (August 11, 2021). "From drought to deluge: spatiotemporal variation in migration routing, survival, travel time and floodplain use of an endangered migratory fish".
346:. The Fremont Weir, which lies along the south bank of the Sacramento, is about 32 feet (9.8 m) tall, nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) shorter than the levee on the north bank. When the water reaches the 32 feet (9.8 m) mark it starts to flow out into the Yolo Basin.
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North of where the
Elkhorn Causeway crosses the Yolo Bypass, the Cache Creek flood control basin drains into the Yolo Bypass. The Knights Landing Ridge Cut, where the Colusa Basin Drainage Canal empties, also contributes to the flow in the Yolo Bypass near this point.
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The floodplains of the Yolo Bypass are a surprisingly good farming ground for multiple seasonal crops. The
California Department of Fish and Wildlife leases land to farmers through the Dixon Resource Conservation District. The most widely-grown crops include rice,
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Water flowing through the Yolo Bypass is drained through a riparian channel along its southeastern edge, named the Toe Drain. In the
Liberty Farms area, the bypass joins first Prospect Slough and then Cache Slough adjacent to the connection of the
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There is a second weir just north of West Sacramento, the Sacramento Weir, upstream of the confluence of the Sacramento and American Rivers. The Sacramento Weir is opened manually when the Sacramento River reaches 27.5 feet (8.4 m) at the
1183:
Pope, Adam C.; Perry, Russell W.; Harvey, Brett N.; Hance, Dalton J.; Hansel, Hal C. (January 2021). "Juvenile Chinook Salmon Survival, Travel Time, and Floodplain Use Relative to Riverine Channels in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta".
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The Yolo Bypass provides habitat for over 280 terrestrial vertebrate species, changing throughout the seasons. The natural flooding provides an exceptionally good nursery habitat for native fish species, including the endangered
325:. Most of the land is used for agriculture during the summer and spring, and the rest makes up marshland. This marshland is ideal for animal habitat, and is also utilized for fishing, hunting, and other recreational activities.
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Years with high flows in the Yolo Bypass also benefit fish populations in the San Francisco Estuary. This is mainly because of increased habitat availability, food supply, larval transport, and reduced predation.
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includes plans to help restore fish habitat in the Yolo Bypass. Its plan is to put a notch at the top the Fremont Weir to allow for more water to flow, increasing the frequency of flooding for fish habitat.
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as a classroom. They have summer camps, classes, and are open to schools wanting to coordinate field trips as well. The Bypass is also open for guided tours for all ages of the public every month.
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Congress approved the Sacramento River Flood Control Project in 1911, with a plan to divert the water through multiple weirs and bypasses. The Yolo Bypass is one of two major bypasses in the
266:). This created a diverse marsh ecosystem that could last more than 100 days. During the 1800s, seasonal flooding would limit travel and access between cities in the Sacramento River valley.
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amount to about $ 300 million a year. Leftover crop residue is beneficial to animal habitat. The already-harvested land creates foraging area, and food opportunities, such as seeds for
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Compilation of Records of Surface Waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960, Part 11. Pacific Slope Basins in California; Geological Survey water-supply paper 1735
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258:, would fill up with water during the winter months from seasonal rainfall and runoff into the three rivers surrounding what is now the city of Sacramento (Sacramento,
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The Nigiri Project is a collaborative research study being done in the Yolo Bypass at Knaggs Ranch by the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, the
646:, and other assorted tree and grass species. The Yolo Causeway has one of the largest colonies of bats in the state. Thousands of bats, consisting of
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1060:. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey / United States Government Printing Office. pp. 548–549, 587
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species. This plant provides countless nutritional seeds for consumption by assorted migratory waterfowl. There are also quite a few
565:, there is a balance between providing efficient flood protection, agriculture, and habitat benefits in the Yolo Bypass year-round.
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313:. The two largest sources for the Yolo Bypass are the Sacramento Weir, completed in 1916, and the Fremont Weir, completed in 1929.
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1022:"Species Conservation on a Working Landscape: The Joint Production of Wildlife and Crops in the Yolo Bypass Floodplain"
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513:. Cache Slough then reconnects with the Sacramento River just north of Rio Vista. The water eventually flows into the
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Species Conservation on a Working Landscape: The Joint Production of Wildlife and Crops in the Yolo Bypass Floodplain
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936:"Managing for Multiple Benefits: Farming, Flood Protection, and Habitat Restoration in the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area"
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Managing for Multiple Benefits: Farming, Flood Protection, and Habitat Restoration in the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area
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drains into the bypass. The bypass itself runs south, parallel to the Sacramento, and drains into the
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598:. Juvenile salmon have been found to grow substantially better in the Yolo Bypass than the adjacent
1147:"The climate-driven push to stop expanding California's traffic choked freeways hits a roadblock"
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838:. Yolo Bypass Working Group, Yolo Basin Foundation, and Jones & Stokes. August 2001
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297:, which lies upstream of the Yolo Bypass. The 59,000-acre (24,000 ha) Yolo Bypass
618:, and more. Wildlife managers occasionally flood certain areas to create wetlands for
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prior to construction of the bypass. The Yolo Basin, a depression formed during the
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The state of California has the right to inundate any land in the Yolo Bypass with
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Almost 75% of the Yolo Bypass is privately owned, while the rest belongs to the
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1316:. Division of Environmental Services, California Department of Water Resources
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Integrated Regional Water Management Plan, IA7: Yolo Bypass Integrated Project
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EDAW, Inc. (June 2008). "3.4 Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Water Quality".
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1248:"Nigiri Project Mixes Salmon and Rice Fields for Fifth Year on Floodplain"
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1333:. 2011 Annual Meeting. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
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815:, California Trout, and the California Department of Water Resources.
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602:. Other special-status wildlife residing in the Yolo Bypass includes
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also crosses the bypass on the Elkhorn Causeway, east of the city of
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701:. Heavy rainstorms in January led to total flooding in the bypass.
1001:(Report). Water Resources Association of Yolo County. April 2007
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that are not necessarily wanted in the bypass such as dock and
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630:. The Bypass also holds species of riparian vegetation such as
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1348:"Floodplains: Lessons from the Cosumnes River and Yolo Bypass"
1098:"FLloodplains: Lessons from the Cosumes River and Yolo Bypass"
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833:"A Framework for the Future: Yolo Bypass Management Strategy"
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539:, to a depth ranging from 6 to 10 feet (1.8 to 3.0 m).
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1120:"Building Rivers: The Yolo Bypass - Hiding in Plain Sight"
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View of the flooded Yolo Bypass, looking southwest from
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Garnache, Cloe; Howitt, Richard E. (July 24–26, 2011).
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Ducks take flight at Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area (2007)
1254:. University of California, Davis. February 23, 2016
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1214:Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
912:EDAW, Inc. (June 2008). "3.6 Cultural Resources".
804:This research is being conducted to determine how
693:The Yolo Bypass in March 2006, looking east from
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916:(Report). California Department of Fish and Game
890:(Report). California Department of Fish and Game
439:Releases from Sacramento River to Sutter Bypass
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654:structure that crosses over the wildlife area.
1378:Article about the Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area
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1186:Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
914:Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area Land Management Plan
888:Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area Land Management Plan
418:Releases from Sacramento River to Butte Basin
397:Releases from Sacramento River to Butte Basin
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517:, just above Rio Vista, and from there into
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483:Only manual weir in the Yolo Bypass system
975:. California Department of Water Resources
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281:'s schematic map of the Yolo Bypass, 2009.
226:, linking West Sacramento and the city of
187:, the bypass diverts floodwaters from the
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863:California Department of Water Resources
811:This project is currently funded by the
795:California Department of Water Resources
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553:runs along the causeway in the distance.
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410:100 miles (160 km) N of Sacramento
389:100 miles (160 km) N of Sacramento
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279:California Department of Water Resources
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195:and other nearby riverside communities.
1418:Geography of the San Francisco Bay Area
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650:and two other species, roost under the
452:15 miles (24 km) NW of Sacramento
301:was designed in the early 1930s by the
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857:Tokita, Joyce; Cameron-Harley, Jamie.
488:Cache Creek Settling Basin & Weir
431:56 miles (90 km) N of Sacramento
191:away from the state's capital city of
1298:"About the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area"
1020:Cloé Garnache and Richard E. Howitt.
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16:Flood bypass in the Sacramento Valley
1408:Geography of Yolo County, California
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502:Covers 3,600 acres (1,500 ha)
13:
1413:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
1403:Geography of the Sacramento Valley
1346:Kiparsky, Michael (October 2003).
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511:Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel
309:immediately south of the mouth of
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994:"1.5.3 Surface Water Resources".
797:, and the nonprofit organization
1398:Floodplains of the United States
1353:. California Bay-Delta Authority
1145:Uranga, Rachel (June 20, 2024).
1054:Hendricks, Ernest LeRoy (1964).
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1029:University of California, Davis
460:Releases from Sacramento River
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665:migrate to and nest under the
535:the area of San Francisco and
183:Counties. Through a system of
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970:"Yolo Bypass And Its Sources"
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579:Sacramento Weir Wildlife Area
573:The Yolo Bypass contains the
465:Sacramento Weir & Bypass
218:The bypass is crossed by the
134:59,000 acres (24,000 ha)
1084:Sacramento News & Review
587:Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area
549:Yolo Bypass, February 2006.
515:Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
426:10 miles (16 km) SE of
209:Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
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1284:(Report). Pacific Institute
782:Bay Delta Conservation Plan
491:2 miles (3.2 km) E of
472:4 miles (6.4 km) N of
447:8 miles (13 km) NE of
222:, a long highway bridge on
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813:U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
674:wetland management is the
590:are used for agriculture.
575:Fremont Weir Wildlife Area
423:Tisdale Weir & Bypass
405:1 mile (1.6 km) N of
384:8 miles (13 km) N of
303:US Army Corps of Engineers
293:. The other bypass is the
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1277:Christian-Smith, Juliet.
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757:Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area
583:Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area
478:112,000 cu ft/s
455:343,000 cu ft/s
402:Colusa Weir & Bypass
323:Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area
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1373:Schematic of Yolo Bypass
1314:"Environmental Services"
1237:Retrieved June 28, 2018.
1173:Retrieved June 28, 2018.
750:Recreation and education
669:during the summer (2018)
663:Mexican free-tailed bats
648:Mexican free-tailed bats
497:30,000 cu ft/s
434:38,000 cu ft/s
413:70,000 cu ft/s
392:25,000 cu ft/s
1339:10.22004/ag.econ.103973
1300:. Yolo Basin Foundation
1222:10.1139/cjfas-2021-0042
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250:Sacramento experienced
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234:trains. To the north,
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744:ring-necked pheasants
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252:several severe floods
1171:Biological Resources
1126:. September 23, 2011
684:perennial pepperweed
941:. February 21, 2013
859:"Beneath the Flood"
742:and the non-native
620:migratory waterfowl
563:adaptive management
480:190,000 m/min
457:583,000 m/min
415:120,000 m/min
363:
362:Yolo Bypass inlets
337:Fremont Weir (2010)
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1235:The Nigiri Project
1198:10.1002/tafs.10271
789:The Nigiri Project
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604:giant garter snake
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436:65,000 m/min
394:42,000 m/min
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1151:Los Angeles Times
1080:"Our third river"
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569:Wildlife habitats
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1252:ucdavis.edu
1064:December 6,
1005:December 5,
979:December 5,
920:December 5,
894:December 5,
806:floodplains
736:Yolo County
710:Agriculture
632:cottonwoods
311:Putah Creek
260:San Joaquin
205:Cache Creek
175:located in
165:Yolo Bypass
152:San Joaquin
97: /
72:Coordinates
24:Yolo Bypass
1387:Categories
819:References
699:Sacramento
612:bald eagle
559:floodwater
299:floodplain
193:Sacramento
148:Sacramento
121:California
1357:April 23,
1320:April 23,
1304:April 23,
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729:sunflower
717:safflower
644:saltgrass
213:Rio Vista
139:Hydrology
1258:June 28,
1156:June 20,
1130:June 28,
1104:June 28,
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721:tomatoes
493:Woodland
449:Woodland
428:Meridian
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370:Location
270:Rivers.
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240:Woodland
156:American
144:River(s)
118:State(s)
85:121°36′W
697:toward
676:timothy
640:willows
547:Flooded
530:⁄
246:History
110:Country
82:38°33′N
775:Future
585:. The
407:Colusa
386:Colusa
376:Notes
262:, and
232:Amtrak
181:Solano
39:(2017)
1423:Weirs
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228:Davis
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725:corn
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