2301:
1216:
1407:
1868:
2284:
1525:
866:
1414:
900:
1750:
1532:
1998:
555:
1559:
1043:
962:
543:
991:
1117:
2231:
1448:
1845:
859:
2039:
1066:
2068:
1140:
1607:
1275:
893:
1501:
1361:
1193:
1020:
1441:
1709:
1685:
1296:
1096:
1822:
1089:
70:
2046:
832:
1973:
2125:
2785:
other native plant fibers. In the
Southwest, yucca leaves are still used to make round trays and baskets. During World War II, researchers studied the possibility of harvesting fibers from existing wild populations of yucca in the Southwest . Yucca fibers vary in length and fineness depending on the species, but in general they are softer and more flexible than sisal or agave fibers. Hand-processed yucca fibers can be spun into fine yarns for use in weaving, braiding or twining.
1631:
2210:
2250:
3066:
998:
1354:
1268:
1239:
1951:
1944:
1246:
928:
921:
1798:
1332:
2097:
1171:
825:
2104:
1898:
1470:
1583:
1325:
44:
1164:
2269:
1920:
1891:
1661:
1654:
1383:
955:
1774:
2075:
634:
or rope. Yucca extract is also used as a foaming agent in some beverages such as root beer and soda. Yucca powder and sap are derived from the logs of the plant; such extracts can be produced by mechanical squeezing and subsequent evaporation of the sap, and are widely used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
2784:
Yucca leaves, and fibers derived from them, were some of the first plant materials used by early man in North
America. Long before early hunters and gatherers settled down to building villages or raising crops, they already were making baskets, fishnets, carrying bags, sandals and mats from yucca and
633:
are referred to as "meat hangers". With their sharp-spined tips, the tough, fibrous leaves were used to puncture meat and knotted to form a loop with which to hang meat for salt curing or in smokehouses. The fibers can be used to make domestic items or for manufacturing cordage, be it sewing-thread
626:
and are used as a shampoo in Native
American rituals. Dried yucca leaves and trunk fibers have a low ignition temperature, making the plant desirable for use in starting fires via friction. The stem (when dried) that sports the flowers is often used in conjunction with a sturdy piece of cedar for
510:
of another, and at the same time lays an egg in the flower; the moth larva then feeds on some of the developing seeds, always leaving enough seed to perpetuate the species. Certain species of the yucca moth have evolved antagonistic features against the plant. They do not assist in the plant's
694:
Yuccas are widely grown as architectural plants providing a dramatic accent to landscape design. They tolerate a range of conditions but are best grown in full sun in subtropical or mild temperate areas. In gardening centres and horticultural catalogues, they are usually grouped with other
2572:
Segraves, Kari A.; Althoff, David M. & Pellmyr, Olle (1 October 2008). "The evolutionary ecology of cheating: does superficial oviposition facilitate the evolution of a cheater yucca moth?".
2559:
Clary, K. H., & Simpson, B. B. (1995). Systematics and character evolution of the genus Yucca (Agavaceae): Evidence from morphology and molecular analyses. Botanical
Sciences, (56), 77 - 88.
2879:
Bononi, M., Guglielmi, G., Rocchi, P., & Tateo, F. (2013). First data on the antimicrobial activity of Yucca filamentosa L. bark extracts. Italian
Journal of Food Science, 25(2), 238–238.
2300:
2387:
Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families
Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae, and Xanthorrhoeaceae",
2283:
772:
in the southwest United States. No species name is given in the citation; however, the New Mexico
Centennial Blue Book from 2012 references the soaptree yucca (
3086:
19:
This article is about the genus comprising species of perennials, shrubs, and trees. For the species of root vegetable sometimes called "yuca", see
4147:
1215:
4186:
608:. References to yucca root as food often arise from confusion with the similarly pronounced, but botanically unrelated, yuca, also called
3103:
2209:
479:) but most species occur in arid conditions, with the deserts of North America being regarded as the center of diversity for the genus.
3133:
4222:
2355:
4095:
3142:
1406:
2329:
No species name is listed in state statutes, however the New Mexico
Centennial Blue Book from 2012 references the soaptree yucca (
4160:
4108:
2797:
2249:
2743:
2714:
2536:
2459:
2432:
2230:
2922:
2856:
1867:
4345:
4340:
4165:
2674:
2645:
3017:
Yucca (Agavaceae). Band 1 Dehiscent-fruited species in the
Southwest and Midwest of the USA, Canada, and Baja California
765:
2947:
3052:
3038:
3024:
2770:
2268:
4297:
4276:
4191:
4134:
4240:
4271:
3126:
2906:
2256:
3083:
4173:
432:
Yuccas have adapted to an equally vast range of climatic and ecological conditions. They are found in rocky
4335:
3882:
1524:
865:
4350:
4022:
4017:
3994:
1487:
4074:
1749:
654:) are first removed because of their bitterness. The petals are blanched for 5 minutes, and then cooked
4235:
2993:
1531:
410:
409:
Yucca is also native northward to the coastal lowlands and dry beach scrub of the coastal areas of the
385:
4113:
1997:
289:
in a wide range of habitats, from humid rainforest and wet subtropical ecosystems to the hot and dry (
4355:
4302:
4201:
3856:
3806:
3119:
3031:
Yucca (Agavaceae). Band 2 Indehiscent-fruited species in the
Southwest, Midwest, and East of the USA
3862:
3210:
1558:
799:
As of February 2012, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognizes 49 species of
554:
69:
4227:
3836:
3750:
1413:
899:
4069:
3937:
3724:
3703:
3646:
2424:
1042:
24:
4152:
4360:
3876:
3776:
3630:
3614:
3609:
3164:
961:
569:
418:
4214:
2501:
542:
3816:
3739:
3635:
3517:
3389:
3320:
3278:
2581:
2366:
2191:
1853:
990:
535:
8:
4330:
3456:
488:
376:
4061:
2585:
4284:
4082:
3846:
3802:
3786:
3766:
3708:
3662:
3532:
3220:
3180:
2597:
2417:
2052:
1639:
1125:
872:
744:
189:
64:
1116:
4209:
4087:
4030:
3507:
3374:
3310:
3159:
3111:
3097:
3048:
3034:
3020:
2963:
2943:
2902:
2766:
2739:
2710:
2593:
2542:
2532:
2455:
2428:
2401:
1876:
1844:
1758:
1615:
1591:
1538:
1509:
1447:
1338:
1281:
1074:
858:
716:
629:
520:
475:
461:
52:
2682:
2653:
2601:
1065:
511:
pollination efforts while continuing to lay their eggs in the plant for protection.
309:
4289:
4035:
3677:
3672:
3583:
3564:
3527:
3364:
3235:
3230:
2589:
2396:
2307:
2217:
2081:
2067:
2024:
1957:
1806:
1567:
1224:
1148:
1139:
1028:
1004:
585:
529:
262:
208:
204:
3986:
1606:
1500:
1360:
1274:
892:
3999:
3975:
3415:
3090:
2801:
2760:
2731:
2704:
2449:
2290:
2110:
1717:
1693:
1304:
1201:
1192:
1177:
1019:
906:
838:
643:
560:
507:
381:
107:
4263:
4178:
2038:
1708:
1684:
1440:
1295:
1095:
4325:
3842:
3796:
3699:
3599:
3578:
3574:
3440:
3425:
3354:
3294:
3261:
2894:
2832:
2006:
1980:
1928:
1904:
1830:
1821:
1735:
1667:
1478:
1420:
1391:
1367:
1088:
1051:
751:
737:
723:
687:
651:
414:
346:
322:
94:
2546:
4319:
3960:
3826:
3812:
3693:
3548:
3523:
3421:
3405:
3330:
3078:
2222:
2045:
1782:
968:
934:
831:
707:
573:
305:
167:
120:
3070:
2759:
Buchanan, Rita (1 January 1999) . "Plant Fibers for Spinning and Stuffing".
2124:
1972:
1630:
4253:
3886:
3734:
3720:
3689:
3668:
3595:
2526:
2172:
2133:
1454:
1102:
730:
397:
254:
140:
997:
16:
Genus of flowering plants belonging to the agave and Joshua tree subfamily
4121:
4009:
3969:
3872:
3462:
3226:
2331:
1252:
782:
774:
670:
618:
547:
515:
491:
130:
57:
3065:
1353:
1267:
4100:
3554:
3544:
3497:
3206:
2796:
2560:
2260:
2241:
2166:
2154:
1238:
769:
601:
526:
495:
466:
258:
150:
1950:
1943:
1245:
927:
920:
4126:
4056:
4043:
3822:
3730:
3487:
3471:
3452:
3380:
3334:
3266:
2365:. United States Department of Agriculture. 2010-01-19. Archived from
1797:
1331:
696:
663:
470:
445:
371:
286:
266:
3931:
2833:"Yucca: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions"
2103:
2096:
1897:
1582:
1469:
1324:
1170:
824:
43:
4248:
3954:
3866:
3792:
3626:
3503:
3483:
3466:
3431:
3411:
3384:
3370:
3326:
3247:
3216:
3196:
2987:
2160:
700:
449:
437:
426:
363:
316:. The Aztecs living in Mexico since before the Spanish arrival, in
282:
4048:
2237:
1163:
4139:
3832:
3782:
3493:
3340:
3257:
3190:
3186:
3155:
2616:
1919:
1890:
1660:
1653:
1382:
647:
623:
609:
441:
389:
317:
297:
274:
175:
20:
1773:
954:
3658:
3513:
3360:
3306:
3283:
3176:
2481:«Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario
2178:
597:
503:
499:
433:
393:
367:
278:
2621:(Boisduval & Leconte) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)"
3762:
3435:
3401:
3344:
3316:
3251:
3200:
2816:
specimens of yucca cordage and coarse 'cloth' (matting) from
2762:
A Weaver's Garden: Growing Plants for Natural Dyes and Fibers
589:
453:
422:
246:
242:
81:
3096:
388:, through the drier central states as far north as southern
3852:
3772:
3605:
3568:
3350:
2803:
Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for the year 1879
2502:"Yucca gigantea Spineless yucca, Izote PFAF Plant Database"
2476:
2074:
605:
593:
588:
in gardens. Many species also bear edible parts, including
456:
290:
270:
250:
2942:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.
2806:. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 599
2765:. Mineola, New York: Courier Corporation. pp. 51–52.
2454:. Vol. 4 R-Z. Taylor & Francis US. p. 2862.
673:, the tender tips of stems are eaten and known locally as
627:
fire-making. In rural Appalachian areas, species such as
362:(49 species and 24 subspecies) covers a vast area of the
327:
3079:
Yucca species and their Common names - Fritz Hochstätter
2681:. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Archived from
2652:. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Archived from
778:) as one of the more widespread species in New Mexico.
3141:
2571:
2419:
Agaves, Yuccas, and Related Plants: a Gardener's Guide
2335:) as one of the more widespread species in New Mexico.
473:
zones. Several species occur in humid tropical zones (
296:
Early reports of the species were confused with the
2148:A number of other species previously classified in
2011:(Neese & S.L.Welsh) S.L.Welsh & L.C.Higgins
662:(egg-battered patties with green or red sauce). In
2923:"Yucca: the November 2020 Houseplant of the Month"
2706:The Encyclopedia of Edible Plants of North America
2416:
1347:Spoonleaf yucca, filament yucca, or Adam's needle
706:Several species of yucca can be grown outdoors in
3084:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules: State Flower
4317:
2897:(2005). Prance, Ghillean; Nesbitt, Mark (eds.).
781:The Yucca flower is also the national flower of
494:system; being pollinated by yucca moths (family
2531:. Piet van der Meer. Jaca: Jolube. p. 55.
1494:Moundlily yucca, Adam's needle, Spanish dagger
550:with thick trunk at Grapevine Springs Ranch, AZ
2386:
666:, they are boiled and eaten with lemon juice.
3127:
2524:
786:
339:
333:
308:mistakenly derived the generic name from the
2736:Primitive Technology: A Book of Earth Skills
358:The natural distribution range of the genus
2477:"izote | Diccionario de la lengua española"
2447:
646:, but the plant's reproductive organs (the
3134:
3120:
2989:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
2889:
2887:
2885:
514:Yucca species are the host plants for the
261:. Its 40–50 species are notable for their
42:
2400:
2964:"maquilishuat tree | plant | Britannica"
2934:
2932:
2758:
2389:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
642:The flower petals are commonly eaten in
553:
541:
380:). It also extends to the north through
2893:
2882:
2798:United States Department of Agriculture
2702:
2363:Germplasm Resources Information Network
4318:
2627:. University of Florida IFAS Extension
366:. The genus is represented throughout
3936:
3935:
3115:
2940:RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants
2929:
2729:
2414:
4277:7251af4e-9c9c-44f3-aa61-fa13e02b5129
4202:c94d8c47-e90f-450d-bb06-2a9d8a4d55ec
2561:https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1466
2474:
685:The most common houseplant yucca is
2614:
2451:CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names
2348:
13:
4241:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003895-2
3919:, beautification and conservation
3143:State flowers of the United States
2625:Electronic Data Information Source
886:Narrowleaf yucca, Spanish bayonet
658:(with tomato, onion, chili) or in
14:
4372:
3058:
3045:Yucca (Agavaceae). Band 3 Mexico
2732:"the Miracle of Fire by Friction"
2152:are now classified in the genera
1937:Texas yucca, or twist-leaf yucca
533:), and Strecker's giant-skipper (
384:in the west, northwards into the
3064:
2617:"Yucca Giant-Skipper Butterfly,
2594:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.01031.x
2402:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
2299:
2282:
2267:
2248:
2229:
2208:
2123:
2102:
2095:
2073:
2066:
2044:
2037:
1996:
1971:
1949:
1942:
1918:
1896:
1889:
1866:
1843:
1820:
1796:
1772:
1748:
1707:
1683:
1659:
1652:
1629:
1605:
1581:
1557:
1530:
1523:
1499:
1468:
1446:
1439:
1412:
1405:
1381:
1359:
1352:
1330:
1323:
1294:
1273:
1266:
1244:
1237:
1214:
1191:
1169:
1162:
1138:
1115:
1094:
1087:
1064:
1041:
1018:
996:
989:
960:
953:
926:
919:
898:
891:
864:
857:
830:
823:
487:Yuccas have a very specialized,
320:, call the local yucca species (
68:
2992:, The Board of Trustees of the
2980:
2956:
2915:
2873:
2849:
2825:
2790:
2752:
2738:(10 ed.). pp. 32–33.
2723:
2696:
2667:
2638:
2608:
2323:
2277:also known as Harriman's yucca
353:
2899:The Cultural History of Plants
2565:
2553:
2525:Guillot Ortiz, Daniel (2009).
2518:
2494:
2468:
2441:
2408:
2380:
2257:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
2090:Texas bayonet, Trecul's yucca
1991:Hoary yucca or mountain yucca
680:
1:
3457:Pink and white lady's slipper
3069:The dictionary definition of
2448:Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000).
2342:
1913:Beaked yucca, Big Bend yucca
695:architectural plants such as
637:
2800:(1880). "Vegetable Fibers".
2709:. McGraw Hill Professional.
2528:El género Yucca L. en España
2294:in Texas, with mature fruits
2185:
1767:New Mexican Spanish bayonet
852:Aloe yucca, Spanish bayonet
759:
616:). Roots of soaptree yucca (
518:of the yucca giant-skipper (
498:); the insect transfers the
7:
4346:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
4341:North American desert flora
3043:Fritz Hochstätter (Hrsg.):
3029:Fritz Hochstätter (Hrsg.):
3015:Fritz Hochstätter (Hrsg.):
584:Yuccas are widely grown as
10:
4377:
3907:, state children's flower
3406:White pine cone and tassel
2994:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2734:. In David Wescott (ed.).
2703:Couplan, François (1998).
2675:"Strecker's Giant-Skipper
2201:
1620:Gómez Pompa & J.Valdés
794:
568:Beetle herbivores include
482:
411:southeastern United States
386:southwestern United States
18:
3944:
3896:
3857:Bougainvillea spectabilis
3149:
2901:. Routledge. p. 33.
524:), ursine giant-skipper (
332:, which gave the Spanish
281:. They are native to the
195:
188:
181:
174:
65:Scientific classification
63:
50:
41:
34:
3221:Rocky Mountain columbine
2423:. Timber Press. p.
2316:
2311:in Nevada, in full bloom
764:The yucca flower is the
3104:Encyclopædia Britannica
3047:, Selbst Verlag, 2004.
3033:, Selbst Verlag. 2002.
3019:, Selbst Verlag, 2000.
785:, where it is known as
579:
452:regions, woodlands, in
328:
293:) deserts and savanna.
3913:, state floral emblem
3191:Saguaro cactus blossom
3107:(11th ed.). 1911.
2646:"Ursine Giant-Skipper
2194:created and named 122
787:
710:climates, including:-
565:
551:
340:
334:
269:, tough, sword-shaped
25:Yucca (disambiguation)
23:. For other uses, see
2574:Ecological Entomology
2236:Unknown species near
1130:Matuda & I.L.Pina
845:(Type species) (syn.
803:and several hybrids:
557:
545:
419:South Atlantic States
312:word for the latter,
3751:Tennessee coneflower
3740:Purple passionflower
3678:Penngift crown vetch
3615:Large white trillium
3321:Syringa, mock orange
3003:, search for "Yucca"
2730:Baugh, Dick (1999).
2677:Megathymus streckeri
2415:Irish, Gary (2000).
2192:Carl Ludwig Sprenger
1854:Yucca queretaroensis
1763:Wooton & Standl.
973:Wooton & Standl.
948:Banana yucca, datil
604:, and (more rarely)
536:Megathymus streckeri
506:of one plant to the
277:of white or whitish
4336:Asparagaceae genera
3901:: state wildflower
3533:Pink lady's slipper
2586:2008EcoEn..33..765S
2190:From 1897 to 1907,
1576:Intermediate yucca
1463:Great Plains yucca
1429:Yucca guatemalensis
1400:Flaccid leaf yucca
558:Purplish fruits of
377:Yucca guatemalensis
273:and large terminal
4351:Saponaceous plants
3807:Coast rhododendron
3165:Oak-leaf hydrangea
3089:2013-10-22 at the
2968:www.britannica.com
2615:Daniels, Jaret C.
2475:ASALE, RAE-; RAE.
2221:), growing in the
2053:Yucca thompsoniana
1640:Yucca linearifolia
1488:Yucca recurvifolia
1126:Yucca coahuilensis
873:Yucca angustissima
745:Yucca recurvifolia
660:tortitas con salsa
566:
552:
226:(Engelm.) Linding.
4313:
4312:
4210:Open Tree of Life
3938:Taxon identifiers
3929:
3928:
3837:Indian paintbrush
3610:Scarlet carnation
3600:Wild prairie rose
3579:Flowering dogwood
3355:Wild prairie rose
3311:Hawaiian hibiscus
2861:www.ingredion.com
2745:978-0-87905-911-8
2716:978-0-87983-821-8
2619:Megathymus yuccae
2538:978-84-937291-8-9
2461:978-0-8493-2678-3
2434:978-0-88192-442-8
2275:Yucca harrimaniae
2146:
2145:
2139:
2116:
2087:
2061:Thompson's yucca
2058:
2030:
2012:
1963:
1934:
1910:
1882:
1877:Yucca reverchonii
1859:
1836:
1812:
1788:
1764:
1759:Yucca neomexicana
1741:
1723:
1699:
1645:
1621:
1616:Yucca lacandonica
1597:
1592:Yucca jaliscensis
1573:
1552:Harriman's yucca
1544:
1539:Yucca harrimaniae
1518:Sahuiliqui yucca
1515:
1510:Yucca grandiflora
1484:
1460:
1426:
1397:
1373:
1344:
1339:Yucca filamentosa
1310:
1287:
1282:Yucca endlichiana
1258:
1257:(Engelm.) Engelm.
1230:
1207:
1183:
1154:
1131:
1108:
1080:
1075:Yucca carnerosana
1057:
1034:
1010:
981:
974:
940:
912:
878:
844:
717:Yucca filamentosa
630:Yucca filamentosa
614:Manihot esculenta
586:ornamental plants
521:Megathymus yuccae
476:Yucca lacandonica
462:Yucca filamentosa
370:and extends into
344:is also used for
304:). Consequently,
302:Manihot esculenta
234:
233:
227:
219:
211:
170:
53:Yucca filamentosa
4368:
4356:Vegetable fibers
4306:
4305:
4293:
4292:
4280:
4279:
4267:
4266:
4257:
4256:
4244:
4243:
4231:
4230:
4218:
4217:
4205:
4204:
4195:
4194:
4182:
4181:
4179:NHMSYS0000465210
4169:
4168:
4156:
4155:
4143:
4142:
4130:
4129:
4117:
4116:
4104:
4103:
4091:
4090:
4078:
4077:
4065:
4064:
4052:
4051:
4039:
4038:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4012:
4003:
4002:
3990:
3989:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3933:
3932:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3797:American dogwood
3758:
3757:
3747:
3746:
3716:
3715:
3704:Yellow jessamine
3685:
3684:
3654:
3653:
3643:
3642:
3622:
3621:
3591:
3590:
3540:
3539:
3479:
3478:
3448:
3447:
3416:Black-eyed susan
3397:
3396:
3302:
3301:
3291:
3290:
3274:
3273:
3243:
3242:
3236:Mirabilis jalapa
3211:California poppy
3172:
3171:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3100:
3068:
3004:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2936:
2927:
2926:
2925:. December 2020.
2919:
2913:
2912:
2891:
2880:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2813:
2811:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2679:(Skinner, 1895)"
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2648:Megathymus ursus
2642:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2422:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2352:
2336:
2327:
2308:Yucca schidigera
2303:
2286:
2271:
2252:
2233:
2218:Yucca brevifolia
2212:
2137:
2127:
2114:
2106:
2099:
2085:
2082:Yucca treculeana
2077:
2070:
2056:
2048:
2041:
2028:
2025:Yucca tenuistyla
2010:
2000:
1975:
1962:Roezl ex Ortgies
1961:
1958:Yucca schidigera
1953:
1946:
1932:
1922:
1909:Engelm. ex Trel.
1908:
1900:
1893:
1880:
1870:
1857:
1847:
1834:
1824:
1810:
1807:Yucca periculosa
1800:
1786:
1776:
1762:
1752:
1739:
1721:
1711:
1697:
1687:
1663:
1656:
1643:
1633:
1619:
1609:
1595:
1585:
1571:
1568:Yucca intermedia
1561:
1542:
1534:
1527:
1513:
1503:
1482:
1472:
1458:
1450:
1443:
1434:Spineless yucca
1424:
1416:
1409:
1395:
1385:
1371:
1363:
1356:
1342:
1334:
1327:
1308:
1298:
1285:
1277:
1270:
1256:
1248:
1241:
1228:
1225:Yucca desmetiana
1218:
1205:
1195:
1181:
1173:
1166:
1157:Buckley's yucca
1152:
1149:Yucca constricta
1142:
1129:
1119:
1106:
1098:
1091:
1079:(Trel.) McKelvey
1078:
1068:
1055:
1045:
1032:
1029:Yucca campestris
1022:
1008:
1005:Yucca brevifolia
1000:
993:
979:
972:
964:
957:
938:
930:
923:
910:
902:
895:
881:Yucca kanabensis
877:Engelm. ex Trel.
876:
868:
861:
842:
834:
827:
806:
805:
790:
675:cogollo de izote
343:
337:
331:
225:
217:
202:
166:
73:
72:
46:
32:
31:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4309:
4301:
4296:
4288:
4283:
4275:
4270:
4262:
4260:
4252:
4247:
4239:
4234:
4226:
4221:
4213:
4208:
4200:
4198:
4190:
4185:
4177:
4172:
4164:
4159:
4151:
4146:
4138:
4133:
4125:
4120:
4112:
4107:
4099:
4094:
4086:
4081:
4073:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4047:
4042:
4034:
4029:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4006:
3998:
3993:
3985:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3940:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3902:
3892:
3891:
3847:Paogo (Ulafala)
3755:
3754:
3744:
3743:
3713:
3712:
3682:
3681:
3673:Mountain laurel
3651:
3650:
3640:
3639:
3619:
3618:
3588:
3587:
3537:
3536:
3476:
3475:
3445:
3444:
3441:Dwarf lake iris
3394:
3393:
3299:
3298:
3288:
3287:
3271:
3270:
3240:
3239:
3231:Mountain laurel
3169:
3168:
3145:
3140:
3095:
3091:Wayback Machine
3061:
3007:
2998:
2996:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2938:
2937:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2909:
2895:Pieroni, Andrea
2892:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2865:
2863:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2841:
2839:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2809:
2807:
2795:
2791:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2728:
2724:
2717:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2686:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2630:
2628:
2613:
2609:
2570:
2566:
2558:
2554:
2539:
2523:
2519:
2510:
2508:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2486:
2484:
2473:
2469:
2462:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2413:
2409:
2385:
2381:
2372:
2370:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2312:
2304:
2295:
2291:Yucca faxoniana
2287:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2253:
2244:
2234:
2225:
2213:
2204:
2188:
2111:Yucca utahensis
1718:Yucca mixtecana
1694:Yucca madrensis
1624:Tropical yucca
1305:Yucca faxoniana
1261:Soaptree yucca
1202:Yucca declinata
1178:Yucca decipiens
977:Yucca standleyi
943:Yucca thornberi
907:Yucca arkansana
839:Yucca aloifolia
797:
762:
757:
683:
644:Central America
640:
582:
561:Yucca aloifolia
485:
465:), and even in
382:Baja California
356:
230:
165:
67:
56:naturalized in
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4374:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4294:
4290:wfo-4000041098
4281:
4268:
4258:
4245:
4232:
4219:
4206:
4196:
4183:
4170:
4157:
4144:
4131:
4118:
4105:
4092:
4079:
4066:
4053:
4040:
4027:
4014:
4004:
3991:
3981:
3966:
3950:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3927:
3926:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3879:
3869:
3859:
3849:
3839:
3829:
3819:
3809:
3799:
3789:
3779:
3769:
3767:Bluebonnet sp.
3759:
3727:
3717:
3696:
3686:
3665:
3655:
3636:Indian blanket
3623:
3602:
3592:
3571:
3561:
3551:
3541:
3520:
3510:
3500:
3490:
3480:
3459:
3449:
3428:
3418:
3408:
3398:
3390:Louisiana iris
3377:
3367:
3357:
3347:
3337:
3323:
3313:
3303:
3275:
3262:Orange blossom
3254:
3244:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3183:
3173:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3139:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3093:
3081:
3076:
3060:
3059:External links
3057:
3056:
3055:
3041:
3027:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3005:
2979:
2955:
2949:978-1405332965
2948:
2928:
2914:
2907:
2881:
2872:
2848:
2824:
2818:Y. filamentosa
2789:
2771:
2751:
2744:
2722:
2715:
2695:
2666:
2637:
2607:
2580:(6): 765–770.
2564:
2552:
2537:
2517:
2493:
2467:
2460:
2440:
2433:
2407:
2395:(2): 132–136,
2379:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2298:
2296:
2288:
2281:
2279:
2273:
2266:
2264:
2254:
2247:
2245:
2235:
2228:
2226:
2215:Joshua trees (
2214:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2187:
2184:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2078:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2049:
2042:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2007:Yucca sterilis
2003:
2001:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1954:
1947:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1929:Yucca rupicola
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1905:Yucca rostrata
1901:
1894:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1831:Yucca potosina
1827:
1825:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1755:
1753:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1736:Yucca necopina
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1668:Yucca luminosa
1664:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1612:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1479:Yucca gloriosa
1475:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1421:Yucca gigantea
1417:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1392:Yucca flaccida
1388:
1386:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1368:Yucca filifera
1364:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1335:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1301:
1299:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1278:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1249:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1174:
1167:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1052:Yucca capensis
1048:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1001:
994:
986:
985:
983:
965:
958:
950:
949:
946:
931:
924:
916:
915:
913:
903:
896:
888:
887:
884:
869:
862:
854:
853:
850:
847:Yucca yucatana
835:
828:
820:
819:
816:
813:
810:
796:
793:
761:
758:
756:
755:
752:Yucca rostrata
748:
741:
738:Yucca gloriosa
734:
727:
724:Yucca flaccida
720:
712:
688:Yucca gigantea
682:
679:
639:
636:
622:) are high in
581:
578:
484:
481:
415:Gulf of Mexico
355:
352:
347:Yucca filifera
323:Yucca gigantea
253:in the family
232:
231:
229:
228:
220:
212:
196:
193:
192:
186:
185:
179:
178:
172:
171:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
111:
110:
105:
98:
97:
92:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
61:
60:
48:
47:
39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4373:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4259:
4255:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4197:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4001:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3982:
3977:
3971:
3967:
3962:
3956:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3934:
3900:
3895:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3753:
3752:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3726:
3725:Pasque flower
3723:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3649:
3648:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3631:Oklahoma rose
3629:
3628:
3624:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3586:
3585:
3584:Carolina lily
3580:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3481:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3436:Apple blossom
3434:
3433:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3297:
3296:
3295:Cherokee rose
3286:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3252:Peach blossom
3250:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3202:
3201:Apple blossom
3199:
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3181:Forget-me-not
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3106:
3105:
3099:
3098:"Yucca"
3094:
3092:
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3080:
3077:
3075:at Wiktionary
3074:
3073:
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3054:
3053:3-00-013124-8
3050:
3046:
3042:
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3039:3-00-009008-8
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2699:
2685:on 2010-06-15
2684:
2680:
2678:
2670:
2656:on 2010-06-15
2655:
2651:
2650:Poling, 1902"
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2369:on 2010-05-30
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2223:Mojave Desert
2220:
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2018:
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2014:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1995:
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1990:
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1983:
1979:
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1969:
1966:Mojave yucca
1965:
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1955:
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1799:
1795:
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1790:
1785:
1784:
1783:Yucca pallida
1780:
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1756:
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1628:
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1623:
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1613:
1611:
1608:
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1599:
1596:(Trel.) Trel.
1594:
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1560:
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1341:
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1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1318:Torrey yucca
1317:
1314:
1313:Yucca torreyi
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
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1199:
1197:
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1189:
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1128:
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1123:
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1118:
1114:
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1090:
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1085:
1082:
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1021:
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1016:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
988:
987:
984:
978:
971:
970:
969:Yucca baileyi
966:
963:
959:
956:
952:
951:
947:
944:
937:
936:
935:Yucca baccata
932:
929:
925:
922:
918:
917:
914:
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908:
904:
901:
897:
894:
890:
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860:
856:
855:
851:
848:
841:
840:
836:
833:
829:
826:
822:
821:
817:
814:
811:
808:
807:
804:
802:
792:
789:
788:flor de izote
784:
779:
777:
776:
771:
767:
754:
753:
749:
747:
746:
742:
740:
739:
735:
733:
732:
728:
726:
725:
721:
719:
718:
714:
713:
711:
709:
704:
702:
698:
692:
690:
689:
678:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
656:a la mexicana
653:
649:
645:
635:
632:
631:
625:
621:
620:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
577:
575:
574:Curculionidae
571:
570:yucca weevils
563:
562:
556:
549:
544:
540:
538:
537:
532:
531:
528:
523:
522:
517:
512:
509:
505:
501:
497:
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490:
480:
478:
477:
472:
468:
464:
463:
458:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
421:from coastal
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
404:
400:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:
373:
369:
365:
361:
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342:
336:
330:
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324:
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315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
245:of perennial
244:
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224:
221:
216:
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129:
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125:
122:
119:
116:
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112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
95:Tracheophytes
93:
90:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
76:
71:
66:
62:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
4361:Fiber plants
3945:
3898:
3887:Yellow elder
3881:
3871:
3861:
3851:
3841:
3831:
3821:
3817:Rhododendron
3811:
3801:
3791:
3781:
3771:
3761:
3749:
3738:
3729:
3719:
3707:
3698:
3688:
3676:
3667:
3663:Oregon grape
3657:
3645:
3634:
3625:
3613:
3604:
3594:
3582:
3573:
3563:
3559:Yucca flower
3558:
3553:
3543:
3531:
3528:Purple lilac
3522:
3512:
3502:
3492:
3482:
3470:
3461:
3451:
3439:
3430:
3420:
3410:
3400:
3388:
3379:
3369:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3325:
3315:
3305:
3293:
3282:
3277:
3265:
3256:
3246:
3234:
3225:
3215:
3205:
3195:
3185:
3175:
3163:
3154:
3102:
3071:
3044:
3030:
3016:
2997:, retrieved
2988:
2982:
2971:. Retrieved
2967:
2958:
2939:
2917:
2898:
2875:
2864:. Retrieved
2860:
2851:
2840:. Retrieved
2836:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2810:26 September
2808:. Retrieved
2802:
2792:
2783:
2778:26 September
2776:. Retrieved
2761:
2754:
2735:
2725:
2705:
2698:
2687:. Retrieved
2683:the original
2676:
2669:
2658:. Retrieved
2654:the original
2647:
2640:
2629:. Retrieved
2624:
2618:
2610:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2555:
2527:
2520:
2509:. Retrieved
2505:
2496:
2485:. Retrieved
2483:(in Spanish)
2480:
2470:
2450:
2443:
2418:
2410:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2371:. Retrieved
2367:the original
2362:
2357:
2350:
2330:
2325:
2306:
2289:
2274:
2216:
2195:
2189:
2177:
2173:Hesperoyucca
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2134:Yucca valida
2132:
2109:
2080:
2051:
2023:
2005:
1985:
1981:
1956:
1927:
1903:
1875:
1852:
1829:
1805:
1781:
1757:
1734:
1722:García-Mend.
1716:
1692:
1673:Yucca rigida
1672:
1666:
1638:
1614:
1590:
1566:
1546:
1537:
1508:
1486:
1477:
1455:Yucca glauca
1453:
1428:
1419:
1390:
1376:Palma china
1366:
1337:
1312:
1303:
1280:
1251:
1223:
1200:
1186:Palma china
1176:
1147:
1124:
1103:Yucca cernua
1101:
1073:
1050:
1027:
1013:Joshua tree
1003:
976:
967:
942:
933:
905:
880:
871:
846:
837:
818:Common name
815:Species name
800:
798:
780:
773:
766:state flower
763:
750:
743:
736:
731:Yucca glauca
729:
722:
715:
705:
693:
686:
684:
674:
668:
659:
655:
641:
628:
617:
613:
600:, flowering
583:
567:
559:
534:
525:
519:
516:caterpillars
513:
486:
474:
460:
431:
413:, along the
408:
402:
399:Yucca glauca
398:
375:
359:
357:
354:Distribution
345:
321:
313:
301:
295:
257:, subfamily
255:Asparagaceae
237:
236:
235:
222:
214:
199:
182:
161:
160:
141:Asparagaceae
114:
101:
88:
51:
35:
29:
4122:iNaturalist
3970:Wikispecies
3867:Flores mayo
3827:Wood violet
2857:"FOAMATION"
2332:Yucca elata
2255:Yucca near
1791:Pale yucca
1702:Soco yucca
1678:Blue yucca
1485:(including
1253:Yucca elata
941:(including
879:(including
783:El Salvador
775:Yucca elata
681:Cultivation
671:El Salvador
619:Yucca elata
612:or manioc (
548:Joshua tree
492:pollination
489:mutualistic
467:subtropical
450:mountainous
200:Clistoyucca
147:Subfamily:
131:Asparagales
108:Angiosperms
58:New Zealand
4331:Agavoideae
4320:Categories
3787:Red clover
3498:Bitterroot
2999:2012-02-23
2973:2021-11-23
2908:0415927463
2866:2023-01-28
2842:2023-01-28
2689:2010-06-07
2660:2010-06-07
2631:2010-06-07
2547:1123383406
2511:2021-11-23
2487:2021-11-23
2373:2010-06-07
2343:References
2261:New Mexico
2242:Costa Rica
2167:Hesperaloe
2155:Dasylirion
2142:Datilillo
1858:Piña Luján
1547:Yucca nana
770:New Mexico
697:cordylines
638:Gastronomy
527:Megathymus
496:Prodoxidae
259:Agavoideae
223:Sarcoyucca
151:Agavoideae
4057:FloraBase
3777:Sego lily
3709:Goldenrod
3647:Mistletoe
3518:Sagebrush
3508:Goldenrod
3426:Mayflower
3375:Goldenrod
3365:Sunflower
2198:hybrids.
2186:Cultivars
2138:Brandegee
1107:E.L.Keith
760:Symbolism
708:temperate
701:phormiums
664:Guatemala
572:, in the
502:from the
471:temperate
446:grassland
403:albertana
372:Guatemala
287:Caribbean
267:evergreen
183:See text
78:Kingdom:
4272:VicFlora
4261:VASCAN:
4254:40027954
4249:Tropicos
4007:BioLib:
3955:Wikidata
3488:Hawthorn
3472:Tickseed
3467:Magnolia
3385:Magnolia
3335:Milkweed
3267:Tickseed
3160:Camellia
3087:Archived
2602:55871573
2506:pfaf.org
2161:Furcraea
2115:McKelvey
2086:Carrière
1986:schottii
1787:McKelvey
1740:Shinners
1572:McKelvey
1056:L.W.Lenz
1033:McKelvey
980:McKelvey
624:saponins
469:and semi
442:prairies
438:badlands
427:Maryland
364:Americas
306:Linnaeus
285:and the
283:Americas
275:panicles
263:rosettes
190:Synonyms
137:Family:
121:Monocots
4153:1265310
4140:24915-1
4101:2775496
3961:Q156317
3899:Italics
3010:General
2582:Bibcode
2202:Gallery
1933:Scheele
1372:Chabaud
1206:Laferr.
1153:Buckley
1009:Engelm.
812:Flowers
795:Species
652:ovaries
648:anthers
610:cassava
598:flowers
504:stamens
483:Ecology
454:coastal
434:deserts
390:Alberta
318:Nahuatl
298:cassava
279:flowers
215:Samuela
205:Engelm.
176:Species
157:Genus:
127:Order:
82:Plantae
21:Cassava
4303:416152
4223:PLANTS
4215:548110
4199:NZOR:
4075:135226
4023:196701
3987:196016
3984:APDB:
3694:Violet
3549:Violet
3331:Violet
3284:Azalea
3051:
3037:
3023:
2946:
2905:
2837:RxList
2769:
2742:
2713:
2600:
2545:
2535:
2458:
2431:
2179:Nolina
2176:, and
1815:Izote
1698:Gentry
1671:(syn.
1600:Izote
1545:(syn.
1514:Gentry
1427:(syn.
1311:(syn.
975:(syn.
590:fruits
546:Large
508:stigma
500:pollen
394:Canada
368:Mexico
329:iczotl
271:leaves
247:shrubs
4326:Yucca
4298:WoRMS
4228:YUCCA
4192:39550
4166:43116
4148:IRMNG
4127:47787
4114:13004
4088:Yucca
4083:FoAO2
4062:21242
4049:1UCCG
4036:8W4SH
4010:62396
4000:58536
3976:Yucca
3946:Yucca
3345:Peony
3072:Yucca
2598:S2CID
2358:Yucca
2317:Notes
2238:Orosí
2196:Yucca
2150:Yucca
2057:Trel.
2029:Trel.
1982:Yucca
1881:Trel.
1835:Rzed.
1811:Baker
1644:Clary
1543:Trel.
1459:Nutt.
1309:Sarg.
1286:Trel.
1229:Baker
1182:Trel.
939:Torr.
911:Trel.
809:Plant
801:Yucca
606:roots
602:stems
594:seeds
530:ursus
457:sands
448:, in
440:, in
423:Texas
401:ssp.
360:Yucca
341:Izote
335:izote
310:Taíno
251:trees
243:genus
241:is a
238:Yucca
218:Trel.
209:Trel.
162:Yucca
115:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
36:Yucca
4264:1836
4236:POWO
4187:NCBI
4161:ITIS
4135:IPNI
4109:GRIN
4096:GBIF
4044:EPPO
4018:BOLD
3995:APNI
3877:Maga
3735:Iris
3569:Rose
3049:ISBN
3035:ISBN
3021:ISBN
2944:ISBN
2903:ISBN
2812:2023
2780:2023
2767:ISBN
2740:ISBN
2711:ISBN
2543:OCLC
2533:ISBN
2456:ISBN
2429:ISBN
1425:Lem.
1396:Haw.
699:and
650:and
580:Uses
444:and
436:and
417:and
314:yuca
291:arid
249:and
4285:WFO
4174:NBN
4070:FNA
4031:CoL
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