1087:
752:
789:
47:
611:
256:
467:
1328:
578:
Instead of territorial expansion, the dukes of Zähringen from the 1150s focused on attaining more immediate feudal control over the territories they already had. This included their policy of expanding settlements into fortified towns or cities and the construction of new castles, mostly in their
350:
in 1090 (though not his comital title, which stayed with the family von Wetter-Rheinfelden). Berthold II is so named both as Duke of Swabia (following
Berthold of Rheinfelden, the first duke of Swabia of this name) and as head of the House of Zähringen (following his father, who is counted as
366:. In 1098, he reconciled with Frederick, renounced all claims to Swabia and instead concentrated on his possessions in the Breisgau region, assuming the title of Duke of Zähringen. He was succeeded in turn by his sons,
441:
After the extinction of the ducal line in 1218, much of its extensive territory in the
Breisgau and modern-day Switzerland returned to the crown, except for the allodial titles, which were divided between the
623:
164:
828:), then Duke of Zähringen from about 1100. The numeral II carried by Berthold refers to both the House of Zähringen (succeeding his father Berthold I) and the Duchy of Swabia (succeeding
579:
territories north of the Rhine. Their encroachment on the rights of the comital nobility south of the Rhine seems to have been resisted, mostly passively, but in the case of the lords of
559:
The extinction of the counts of
Lenzburg in 1173 strengthened the Zähringer position south of the Rhine, but their territorial expansion was halted following their support of the
219:. The Zähringer attempted to expand their territories in Swabia and Burgundy into a fully recognized duchy, but their expansion was halted in the 1130s due to their feud with the
413:(d. 1186), who followed his father Conrad and founded the Swiss city of Fryburg (today's Fribourg-Freiburg) in 1157, spent much of his time in Italy in the train of Emperor
401:. This office was confirmed in 1152 and held by the Zähringer dukes until 1218. As a result, they are sometimes referred to as 'Dukes of Burgundy', although the existing
351:
Berthold I of Zähringen in spite of not historically having used the name Zähringen). Berthold II did use the name Zähringen, although he moved his main residence from
810:(c. 1000–1078, r. 1061–1077), is also known as "Berthold I of Zähringen". Therefore, the succession of dukes of Zähringen begins with his son as Berthold II:
450:, both descended from the sisters of Berthold V. Less than fifty years later, the Kyburgs died out, and large portions of their domains were inherited by the
1369:
571:, in spite of late attempts on the part of Berthold V to increase his territorial sway (who as late as 1210 aimed at receiving the jurisdiction over
1141:
903:
428:
in 1191, and when he died in
February 1218, the ducal line of the Zähringer became extinct. Among other titles, the Zähringen family acted as
1160:
1101:(d. 1196) was a son of Duke Conrad I of Zähringen. Upon the death of his brother Berthold IV in 1186, he inherited the family estates around
1294:
1118:
1175:. This branch of the family died out in the male line in 1981 and in its entirety in 1994 with the death of Francis's granddaughter,
1543:
1168:
1000:
1332:
1362:
487:
1231:
187:. The Zähringer in the 12th century used the title of Duke of Zähringen, in compensation for having conceded the title of
599:
567:
during 1138–1152. This frustrated their ambitions to carve out a contiguous territorial duchy wedged between Swabia and
470:
Territories of the dominant noble houses in Swabia and Upper
Burgundy around 1200; Zähringen possessions shown in green
1533:
839:
367:
990:
115:
855:
654:
410:
331:
in 1061. However, this dignity was only a titular one, and
Berthold subsequently lost it when, in the course of the
231:. After the extinction of the ducal line in 1218, parts of the family's territories reverted to the crown (attained
223:. Pursuing their territorial ambitions, the Zähringer founded numerous cities and monasteries on either side of the
1355:
552:
in 1156. In compensation, Berthold IV received the investiture right for the bishops of Geneva, Sion and
Lausanne,
861:
796:
776:
421:
244:
110:
525:
424:, showed his prowess by reducing the Burgundian nobles to order. This latter duke was the founder of the city of
414:
394:
386:
346:(c. 1050–1111), who like his father fought against Henry IV, inherited a lot of the lands of Rudolf's son Count
1594:
1458:
803:
760:
670:
378:
278:
100:
1589:
1483:
845:
371:
1023:
876:
304:
933:
336:
17:
1599:
1031:
1015:
925:
825:
817:
363:
343:
270:(d. 982), who was first mentioned in 962. In view of his name, he may have been related to the Alemannic
1129:
614:
1448:
1288:
1007:
872:
829:
549:
474:
Berthold I (ancestor of both the House of Zähringen and the House of Baden) held the comital titles of
347:
929:
849:
406:
398:
1265:, Zürich, dated 1187) is the only contemporary attestation of a Zähringer coat of arms. Franz Zell,
881:
1518:
1098:
1091:
458:, whereas other cities (such as Fribourg-Freiburg) only obtained the same status later in history.
1267:
Geschichte und
Beschreibung des Badischen Wappens von seiner Entstehung bis auf seine heutige Form
967:
until the end of the German monarchy in 1918. For the Heads of the House of Baden until 1918, see
1382:
1086:
968:
944:
915:
332:
1498:
1513:
1311:
658:
199:
in 1127, and they continued to use both titles until the extinction of the ducal line in 1218.
1508:
1305:
895:
202:
The territories and fiefs held by the Zähringer were known as the Duchy of Zähringen (German:
1493:
1423:
1338:
1164:
1133:
695:
564:
316:
1249:
1523:
1478:
1473:
964:
952:
937:
833:
680:
666:
639:
510:
184:
82:
78:
8:
1468:
1398:
1176:
1137:
960:
590:
The fragmentation of the Zähringer possessions after 1218 was an important factor in the
31:
1188:
494:
352:
259:
180:
1553:
1503:
1110:
772:
647:
595:
521:
506:
455:
382:
328:
281:(posthumously known as Berthold I of Zähringen, c. 1000–1078), held several lordships (
232:
196:
70:
1152:, became Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India.
788:
1443:
1438:
1106:
568:
514:
451:
402:
335:, he joined the rising of his former rival Rudolf of Rheinfelden against German king
324:
1113:
shortly before his assassination. The line became extinct in 1439 with the death of
580:
1548:
1488:
1453:
1408:
1393:
899:
591:
1558:
1463:
1172:
921:
889:
807:
792:
771:, based on the respective coats of arms used in the later medieval period by the
756:
740:
627:
545:
356:
312:
308:
236:
176:
168:
74:
1224:
1218:
1212:
751:
1563:
1538:
1418:
956:
885:
821:
729:
537:
533:
483:
443:
390:
320:
240:
188:
1262:
662:
1583:
1528:
1433:
1283:
1114:
739:
on Lake Geneva is not a Zähringer foundation (having been founded in 1286 by
447:
296:
228:
46:
1428:
1413:
1145:
1081:
725:
300:
224:
149:
1347:
1159:
and (aside from Queen Mary) took the name
Cambridge, with his eldest son (
435:
1287:
1156:
610:
541:
493:
In 1098, Berthold II, founder of the House of Zähringen proper, received
271:
266:
The earliest-known ancestor of the family was one
Berthold, Count in the
60:
1261:
The shield with heraldic eagle visible in this seal (from a document at
255:
1403:
713:
572:
498:
430:
389:. Renaud prevailed, although he had to cede large parts of the eastern
283:
216:
1304:
1155:
Francis's surviving children ceased using their German titles during
1102:
717:
643:
479:
858:(c. 1125–1186), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1152, rector of Burgundy
721:
502:
446:(who subsequently called themselves the counts of Freiburg) and the
1149:
948:
687:
475:
267:
195:
in 1098. The Zähringer were granted the special title of Rector of
1105:
and, from 1187, adopted the title of Duke of Teck. His descendant
466:
1378:
864:(1160–1218), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1186, rector of Burgundy
292:
288:
192:
848:(c. 1090–1152), brother, Duke of Zähringen from 1122, rector of
743:) but shared the characteristic layout of the Zähringer cities.
1327:
1125:
736:
699:
311:, but this was not fulfilled, as upon Henry's death, his widow
205:
621:
Among the cities founded or expanded by the Zähringer dukes (
560:
220:
212:
759:
in a stained glass window by Hans Reichle (c. 1570–1642) in
703:
691:
584:
425:
30:"Zahringer" redirects here. For people with that name, see
594:
of the late medieval period in the region, including the
775:
who claimed the Zähringer inheritance (ancestors of the
544:. The territories south of Lake Geneva were conceded to
393:
lands to Conrad, who thereupon was appointed by Emperor
362:
In 1092, Berthold II was elected Duke of Swabia against
235:), while other parts were divided between the houses of
763:. There are two traditions of attributed arms, either
617:, shown on the Zähringer monument in Bern, Switzerland
528:). Ownership of Burgundy was contested, and Zähringer
1225:
1246:
Münzgeschichte des Zähringen-Badischen Fürstenhauses
1219:
1213:
377:
In 1127, upon the assassination of his nephew Count
653:in Swabia, east of the Black Forest (Württemberg):
1581:
842:(c. 1085–1122), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1111
712:Other towns owned by or under the jurisdiction (
490:). The county of Thurgau was lost around 1077.
461:
299:. By his mother, he was related to the rising
1363:
1011:, Prince and Margrave, 1928–1929 (1867–1929)
947:, Herman's descendants ruled successively as
638:in Swabia, west of the Black Forest (Baden):
1298:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
323:in 1057. In compensation, Berthold was made
203:
1377:
277:Count Berthold's great-grandson, the later
1370:
1356:
45:
884:(d. 1175), daughter of Conrad I, married
179:nobility. The family's name derived from
1509:Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
1282:
1085:
974:Heads of the House of Baden since 1918:
787:
750:
609:
509:until 1173). Ownership of the county of
465:
381:, Conrad claimed the inheritance of the
254:
1128:with the same name was granted by King
556:realised only in the case of Lausanne.
14:
1582:
51:Coat of Arms of the House of Zähringen
1351:
1302:
1109:(1235–1292) allegedly was designated
875:(d. 1110), son of Berthold I, became
783:
676:in Burgundy (western Swiss plateau):
307:had promised his vassal Berthold the
1232:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
936:, was the first to use the title of
524:was granted in 1127 (inheritance of
1001:Prince William of Baden (1829–1897)
985:Friedrich I, Grand Duke (1826–1907)
898:(d. 1191), son of Conrad I, became
600:growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy
144:
24:
1341:– original castle of the Zähringer
1201:
994:, Grand Duke 1907–1928 (1857–1928)
25:
1611:
1320:
1303:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
1148:(1867–1953), as the wife of King
980:Leopold I, Grand Duke (1790–1852)
909:
563:in the unsuccessful feud against
532:rule was limited to the parts of
1326:
1075:
454:. Bern achieved the status of a
135:1218 (ducal branch of Zähringen)
943:Now more commonly known as the
526:Otto-William, Count of Burgundy
405:was not an Imperial fief but a
215:in equal standing with the old
1255:
1244:August Freiherr von Berstett,
1238:
804:Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia
690:(Freiburg im Üechtland, 1157)
397:as a 'rector' of the Imperial
279:Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia
13:
1:
1276:
1142:Duke Alexander of Württemberg
924:margravial title was used by
746:
716:) of the Zähringer include:
598:of Bern and Zürich, and the
482:, as well as being reeve in
227:, as well as in the western
211:), but it was not seen as a
7:
1182:
1035:, 2022–present (born 1970)
826:Frederick I of Hohenstaufen
824:from 1092 to 1098 (against
765:or an eagle displayed gules
602:in the early 14th century.
587:in an open revolt in 1191.
462:Possessions and territories
364:Frederick I of Hohenstaufen
27:Dynasty of Swabian nobility
10:
1616:
1289:"Zähringen (family)"
1079:
913:
830:Berthold I, Duke of Swabia
250:
29:
1389:
1269:(1858), p. 7 and plate I.
868:Other notable Zähringer:
605:
399:Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles
140:
130:
122:
106:
96:
88:
66:
56:
44:
39:
1207: Erwin Eugster:
1194:
1130:Charles I of Württemberg
1092:Adalbert I, Duke of Teck
1044:Karl-Wilhelm (born 2006)
1027:, 1963–2022 (1933–2022)
1019:, 1929–1963 (1906–1963)
1295:Encyclopædia Britannica
969:List of rulers of Baden
930:Berthold I of Zähringen
916:List of rulers of Baden
769:gules a lion rampant or
520:The 'rectorate' of the
517:also dates to c. 1198.
420:His son and successor,
348:Berthold of Rheinfelden
333:Investiture Controversy
101:Berthold I of Zähringen
1312:Encyclopedia Americana
1167:and his youngest son (
1134:Prince Francis of Teck
1095:
882:Clementia of Zähringen
800:
780:
698:(castle before 1175),
631:
618:
471:
415:Frederick I Barbarossa
287:) in the Breisgau, in
263:
204:
172:
118:as Grand Duke of Baden
1595:German noble families
1459:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1165:Marquess of Cambridge
1119:Patriarch of Aquileia
1089:
1041:Friedrich (born 2004)
791:
754:
613:
565:Conrad III of Germany
469:
317:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
258:
126:Count, Duke, Margrave
1534:Palatine Zweibrücken
1335:at Wikimedia Commons
1177:Lady Mary Abel Smith
1144:. Francis' daughter
1060:Berthold (born 1976)
1038:Leopold, (born 2002)
965:Grand Dukes of Baden
963:until 1806, then as
928:, the eldest son of
873:Gebhard of Zähringen
813:Dukes of Zähringen:
777:House of Fürstenberg
728:(acquired 1198) and
667:Weilheim an der Teck
640:Freiburg im Breisgau
185:Freiburg im Breisgau
113:as Duke of Zähringen
83:Grand Duchy of Baden
79:Margraviate of Baden
1057:Ludwig (born 1937)
1052:Michael (born 1976)
1049:Leopold (born 1971)
961:Electorate of Baden
900:Archbishop of Mainz
896:Rudolf of Zähringen
877:Bishop of Constance
387:Renaud III of Mâcon
355:to the newly built
319:to the position of
175:) was a dynasty of
32:Zahringer (surname)
1600:962 establishments
1590:House of Zähringen
1484:Brunswick-Lüneburg
1333:House of Zähringen
1209:House of Zähringen
1111:King of the Romans
1096:
801:
784:House of Zähringen
781:
773:counts of Freiburg
761:Freiburg town hall
648:Neuenburg am Rhein
619:
596:imperial immediacy
592:communal movements
522:county of Burgundy
507:Counts of Lenzburg
472:
456:free imperial city
383:County of Burgundy
329:Margrave of Verona
272:Ahalolfing dynasty
264:
233:imperial immediacy
160:House of Zähringen
71:Duchy of Carinthia
40:House of Zähringen
1577:
1576:
1449:Habsburg-Lorraine
1331:Media related to
1306:"Zähringen"
1107:Conrad II of Teck
938:Margrave of Baden
926:Herman I of Baden
724:(acquired 1173),
720:(acquired 1127),
488:bishop of Bamberg
452:House of Habsburg
403:Duchy of Burgundy
325:Duke of Carinthia
156:
155:
152:(extinct in 1439)
16:(Redirected from
1607:
1544:Holstein-Gottorp
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1189:Zähringerbrunnen
932:. Herman's son,
832:of the House of
820:(c. 1050–1111),
767:(shown here) or
626:
495:Zähringen Castle
448:counts of Kyburg
353:Zähringen Castle
315:appointed Count
303:family. Emperor
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210:
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1136:(1837–1900), a
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904:Bishop of Liège
793:Equestrian seal
786:
757:attributed arms
749:
741:Louis I of Vaud
646:(before 1148),
632:Zähringerstädte
622:
608:
505:(alongside the
464:
444:counts of Urach
357:Freiburg Castle
342:Berthold's son
313:Agnes of Poitou
309:Duchy of Swabia
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1321:External links
1319:
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1286:, ed. (1911).
1284:Chisholm, Hugh
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886:Henry the Lion
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859:
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822:Duke of Swabia
806:, Margrave of
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730:Stein am Rhein
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679:on the Rhine:
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671:Limburg castle
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534:Upper Burgundy
486:(owned by the
484:Stein am Rhein
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385:against Count
370:(d. 1122) and
321:Duke of Swabia
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1034:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1002:
998:
993:
992:
988:
987:
986:
983:
982:
981:
978:
977:
975:
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
917:
905:
901:
897:
894:
891:
887:
883:
880:
878:
874:
871:
870:
869:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
809:
805:
798:
794:
790:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
753:
744:
742:
738:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
682:
678:
677:
675:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
649:
645:
641:
637:
636:
635:
633:
629:
625:
616:
612:
603:
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
582:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
540:and north of
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
468:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
439:
437:
433:
432:
427:
423:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Transjuranian
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
285:
280:
275:
273:
269:
261:
257:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Swiss Plateau
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
151:
146:
143:
139:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
57:Parent family
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1568:
1494:Hohenzollern
1429:Hohenstaufen
1379:Royal houses
1344:
1310:
1293:
1266:
1257:
1245:
1240:
1230:
1208:
1203:
1154:
1146:Mary of Teck
1123:
1097:
1082:Duke of Teck
1030:
1022:
1014:
1006:
999:
991:Friedrich II
989:
984:
979:
973:
955:of 1803, as
953:Final Recess
942:
919:
867:
840:Berthold III
812:
802:
799:, dated 1187
768:
764:
735:The city of
734:
726:Schaffhausen
714:Reichsvogtei
711:
686:Aare basin:
620:
589:
577:
558:
553:
536:east of the
529:
519:
499:jurisdiction
492:
473:
440:
429:
419:
376:
368:Berthold III
361:
341:
301:Hohenstaufen
284:Herrschaften
282:
276:
265:
225:Black Forest
217:stem duchies
201:
159:
157:
116:Frederick II
92:11th century
1524:Mecklenburg
1499:Württemberg
1479:Schwarzburg
1474:Wittelsbach
1414:Luitpolding
1399:Carolingian
1263:Fraumünster
1235:, 2015.
1157:World War I
1126:ducal title
1124:In 1871, a
1103:Teck Castle
856:Berthold IV
834:Rheinfelden
818:Berthold II
702:(c. 1180),
681:Rheinfelden
665:(c. 1200),
663:Bräunlingen
655:Sankt Peter
542:Lake Geneva
511:Rheinfelden
411:Berthold IV
395:Lothair III
379:William III
374:(d. 1152).
344:Berthold II
245:Fürstenberg
131:Dissolution
107:Final ruler
61:Alaholfings
1584:Categories
1469:Luxembourg
1404:Conradines
1277:References
1138:morganatic
1099:Adalbert I
1024:Maximilian
1008:Maximilian
951:until the
914:See also:
888:, Duke of
862:Berthold V
797:Berthold V
755:Zähringen
706:(c. 1190).
683:(c. 1150);
615:Berthold V
573:St. Gallen
431:Reichsvogt
422:Berthold V
409:one. Duke
111:Berthold V
1569:Zähringen
1554:Bonaparte
1504:Oldenburg
1169:Alexander
1094:(c. 1190)
949:margraves
940:in 1112.
934:Herman II
852:from 1127
747:Genealogy
718:Solothurn
673:c. 1060);
659:Villingen
644:Offenburg
624:‹See Tfd›
436:Zürichgau
359:in 1091.
339:in 1073.
305:Henry III
262:, c. 1500
208:Zähringen
206:Herzogtum
173:Zähringer
165:‹See Tfd›
18:Zähringer
1444:Lorraine
1439:Habsburg
1409:Ottonian
1248:(1846),
1183:See also
1161:Adolphus
1150:George V
1090:Seal of
1032:Bernhard
1016:Berthold
957:electors
922:Veronese
850:Burgundy
846:Conrad I
696:Burgdorf
694:(1191),
688:Fribourg
661:(1119),
657:(1093),
642:(1120),
569:Burgundy
554:de facto
550:Provence
530:de facto
515:Burgdorf
497:and the
476:Breisgau
337:Henry IV
268:Breisgau
197:Burgundy
147:(extant)
1549:Romanov
1489:Griffin
1454:Hanover
1394:Ascania
1383:Germany
1226:Italian
1140:son of
959:of the
892:in 1147
650:(1175);
634:) are:
513:and of
480:Thurgau
434:of the
293:Ortenau
289:Thurgau
251:History
193:Staufer
191:to the
177:Swabian
97:Founder
89:Founded
67:Country
1559:Wettin
1464:Nassau
1419:Salian
1220:French
1214:German
890:Saxony
808:Verona
737:Morges
722:Zürich
700:Murten
628:German
606:Cities
503:Zürich
438:area.
407:French
372:Conrad
237:Kyburg
169:German
123:Titles
1564:Lippe
1539:Hesse
1195:Notes
581:Glâne
561:Welfs
546:Savoy
501:over
241:Urach
221:Welfs
213:duchy
183:near
145:Baden
1529:Vasa
1434:Welf
1250:p. 3
1223:and
1211:in
920:The
902:and
704:Thun
692:Bern
585:Thun
583:and
548:and
538:Jura
478:and
426:Bern
327:and
297:Baar
295:and
243:and
158:The
150:Teck
1381:of
1132:to
795:of
575:).
1586::
1309:.
1292:.
1217:,
1179:.
1121:.
1117:,
971:.
836:).
779:).
732:.
630::
417:.
291:,
274:.
247:.
239:,
171::
1371:e
1364:t
1357:v
1315:.
1252:.
669:(
162:(
34:.
20:)
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