974:
2045:
2024:
283:
463:
2009:
1677:
1695:
1657:
17 km (11 mi) long valley dropping approximately 1,600 m (5,200 ft) along its length on the north side of Kuh-i-Jupar with a thickness of 350–550 m (1,150–1,800 ft). Under conditions of precipitation comparable to current climatic record-keeping, this size of glacier could be expected to form where the annual average temperature was between 10.5 and 11.2 °C (50.9 and 52.2 °F), but since conditions are expected to have been dryer during the period in which this glacier was formed, the temperature must have been lower.
399:), whereas in the NW Zagros the salt layer is missing or is very thin. This different basal friction is partly responsible for the different topographies on either side of the Kazerun fault. Higher topography and narrower zone of deformation in the NW Zagros is observed whereas in the SE, deformation was spread more and a wider zone of deformation with lower topography was formed. Stresses induced in the Earth's crust by the collision caused extensive folding of the preexisting layered
1997:
7778:
6599:
989:
7788:
6609:
42:
3830:
2060:
6658:
1338:
7798:
7808:
294:
1090:, and mitochondrial haplogroup J1d6. He had brown eyes, relatively dark skin, and black hair, although Neolithic Iranians carried reduced pigmentation-associated alleles in several genes and derived alleles at 7 of the 12 loci, showing the strongest signatures of selection in ancient Eurasians. He did not contribute to the genetic makeup of
376:
and Zagros. A relatively dense GPS network which covered the
Iranian Zagros also proves a high rate of deformation within the Zagros. The GPS results show that the current rate of shortening in the southeast Zagros is ~10 mm/a (0.39 in/year), dropping to ~5 mm/a (0.20 in/year) in
248:. The mountain range has a total length of 1,600 km (990 mi). The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of southeastern Turkey and northeastern Iraq. From this border region, the range continues southeast to the waters of the
1656:
some glaciers still survive. However, before the Last
Glacial Period they had been glaciated to a depth in excess of 1,900 metres (1.2 miles), and during the Last Glacial Period to a depth in excess of 2,160 metres (7,090 feet). Evidence exists of a 20 km (12 mi) wide glacier fed along a
3234:
Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.;
2752:
Farnaz
Broushak; Mark G Thomas; Vivian Link; Saioa López; Lucy van Dorp; Karola Kirsanow; Zuzana Hofmanová; Yoan Diekmann; Lara M Cassidy; David Díez-del-Molino; Athanasios Kousathanas; Christian Sell; Harry K. Robson; Rui Martiniano; Jens Blöcher; Amelie Scheu; Susanne Kreutzer; Ruth Bollongino;
2723:
Shidrang S, (2018) The Middle to Upper
Paleolithic Transition in the Zagros: The Appearance and Evolution of the Baradostian, In The Middle and Upper Paleolithic Archeology of the Levant and Beyond, Y. Nishiaki, T. Akazawa (eds.), pp. 133–156, Replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans Series,
384:
divides the Zagros into two distinct zones of deformation. The GPS results also show different shortening directions along the belt, normal shortening in the southeast, and oblique shortening in the northwest Zagros. The Zagros mountains were created around the time of the second ice age, which
973:
2458:
Nilforoushan F., Masson F., Vernant P., Vigny C., Martinod J., Abbassi M., Nankali H., Hatzfeld D., Bayer R., Tavakoli F., Ashtiani A., Doerflinger E., Daignières M., Collard P., Chéry J. (2003). "GPS network monitors the Arabia-Eurasia collision deformation in Iran".
2606:
Forti, Luca; Perego, Alessandro; Brandolini, Filippo; Mariani, Guido S.; Zebari, Mjahid; Nicoll, Kathleen; Regattieri, Eleonora; Barbaro, Cecilia Conati; Bonacossi, Daniele
Morandi; Qasim, Hasan Ahmed; Cremaschi, Mauro; Zerboni, Andrea (1 December 2021).
2044:
1051:, Kenacheh Cave in Kurdistan, Boof Cave in Fars and a number of other caves and rock shelters. Signs of early agriculture date back as far as 9000 BC in the foothills of the mountains. Some settlements later grew into cities, eventually named
2753:
Dean Bobo; Hossein Davudi; Olivia Munoz; Mathias Currat; Kamyar Abdi; Fereidoun
Biglari; Oliver E. Craig; Daniel G Bradley; Stephen Shennan; Krishna Veeramah; Marjan Mashkour; Daniel Wegmann; Garrett Hellenthal; Joachim Burger.
1434:
ranges from 400–800 mm (16–31 in) and falls mostly in winter and spring. Winters are severe, with low temperatures often below −25 °C (−13 °F). The region exemplifies the continental variation of the
7844:
3000:
2023:
2754:
1647:
The mountains of the East-Zagros, the Kuh-i-Jupar (4,135 m (13,566 ft)), Kuh-i-Lalezar (4,374 m (14,350 ft)) and Kuh-i-Hezar (4,469 m (14,662 ft)) do not currently have glaciers. Only at
3178:"Plant species in Oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) understory and their relationship with physical and chemical propertiesof soil in different altitude classes in the Arghvan valley protected area, Iran"
1981:
was believed to be located in the Zagros
Mountains in the far east. A staircase led down to the gates of the underworld. The underworld itself is usually located even deeper below ground than the
7837:
2511:
Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza; Pousse-Beltran, Léa; Büyükakpınar, Pınar; Cesca, Simone; Nissen, Edwin; Ghods, Abdolreza; López-Comino, José Ángel; Rezapour, Mehdi; Najafi, Mahdi (December 2021).
1086:. The DNA from this bone fragment shows that it is from a distinct genetic group, which was not known to scientists before. He belongs to the Y-DNA haplogroup G2b, specifically its branch
5101:
2578:
Nilforoushan F, Koyi HA., Swantesson J.O.H., Talbot CJ., 2008, "Effect of basal friction on the surface and volumetric strain in models of convergent settings measured by laser scanner",
7830:
3236:
5091:
1845:
7040:
372:
have shown that this collision is still active and the resulting deformation is distributed non-uniformly in the country, mainly taken up in the major mountain belts like
1851:
1803:
478:
rocks can be found mainly in the upper and higher sections of the peaks of the Zagros
Mountains, along the Zagros main fault. On both sides of this fault, there are
506:(23–2.6 mya) rocks south of the Paleogene rocks. The mountains are divided into many parallel sub-ranges (up to 10 or 250 km (6.2 or 155.3 mi) wide), and
1821:
3086:
The
Pleistocene Glaciation (LGP and pre-LGP, pre-LGM) of SE-Iranian Mountains exemplified by the Kuh-i-Jupar, Kuh-i-Lalezar and Kuh-i-Hezar Massifs in the Zagros.
1857:
1839:
1797:
1815:
1809:
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and tectonic history of the rocks were conducive to the formation and trapping of petroleum, and the Zagros region is an important area for oil production.
3610:
1827:
2394:
7069:
3417:
1063:
is one archaeological site in this area. Some of the earliest evidence of wine production has been discovered in the mountains; both the settlements of
7339:
6260:
5113:
4203:
6366:
1122:. Gallego-Llorente et al. (2016) believes that the Zagros Mountain was a plausible source of Eurasian ancestry in Central and South Asia, along with
494:
rocks on both sides. The Folded Zagros (the mountains south of the
Elevated Zagros and almost parallel to the main Zagros fault) is formed mainly of
360:
The process of collision continues to the present, and as the Arabian Plate is being pushed against the Eurasian Plate, the Zagros Mountains and the
166:
6953:
5780:
5771:
5515:
5027:
5012:
1193:
The Zagros mountains have been inhabited by different groups of pastoralists and farmers for thousands of years. Pastoralist groups such as
5303:
2609:"Geomorphology of the northwestern Kurdistan Region of Iraq: landscapes of the Zagros Mountains drained by the Tigris and Great Zab Rivers"
1953:
to a small section of the central Zagros Mountains in Iran. It lives in highland streams and is primarily aquatic. This newt is considered
81:
5081:
4198:
2486:
1173:. A small archive of clay tablets detailing the complex interactions of these groups in the early second millennium BC has been found at
1126:, which was inhabited by Caucasu Hunter-Gatherers. He cites archaeological evidence of eastward Neolithic expansions from the Near East.
3380:
5449:
4965:
8131:
8096:
8036:
6957:
525:
have somewhat lower summits, reaching 4,000 metres (13,000 feet). They contain some limestone rocks showing abundant marine fossils.
1996:
8121:
7329:
4254:
3603:
8192:
8182:
8101:
8086:
7954:
5000:
3815:
3410:
3177:
5625:
5476:
5239:
2472:
Hessami K., Nilforoushan F., Talbot CJ., 2006, "Active deformation within the Zagros Mountains deduced from GPS measurements".
8187:
6645:
5971:
5801:
5746:
5615:
5481:
4379:
3141:
3060:
Vorläufige Ausführungen morphologischer Feldarbeitsergebnisse aus den SE-Iranischen Hochgebirgen am Beispiel des Kuh-i-Jupar.
6623:
2008:
8091:
8015:
7856:
7081:
6988:
5133:
5123:
3237:"A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group"
435:
8010:
8005:
6983:
6331:
6281:
6007:
5541:
3945:
3596:
1884:
1290:
3385:
3001:
Settlement continuity in Kurdistan Yaghoub Mohammadifar & Abbass Motarjem, Antiquity Vol 82 Issue 317 September 2008
8167:
8126:
8116:
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7928:
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7250:
6973:
6938:
5556:
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5490:
5438:
5293:
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3294:
Neurergus kaiseri: IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T59450A49436271
1282:
3209:
1245:
are an Iranic tribe, primarily inhabiting the Central, Western, and Southern Zagros. Cities inhibited by Lurs include
1023:, dating from around 65,000–35,000 years ago, have been found in the Shanidar Cave. The cave also contains two later "
7378:
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5930:
5910:
5726:
5701:
5597:
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5053:
4895:
3672:
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3153:
3021:
2920:
2708:
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2443:
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5820:
8207:
8202:
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8106:
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8046:
8041:
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7451:
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286:
1371:
perfect for agriculture and human development. It has also long defended the Kurds in times of war by acting as a
7995:
7959:
7324:
7310:
7062:
6712:
5961:
5501:
5337:
5332:
5071:
4698:
1978:
450:, as the impermeable salt frequently traps petroleum beneath other rock layers. There is also much water-soluble
3088:
Polarforschung, 77, (2–3), pp. 71–88. (Erratum/ Clarification concerning Figure 15, Vol. 78, (1–2), 2008, p. 83.
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5249:
5234:
5138:
5128:
5108:
4900:
4559:
4249:
4233:
3338:
2404:
1666:
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6199:
4970:
4910:
6425:
5866:
5849:
5756:
5731:
5587:
5495:
5485:
4275:
2700:
2513:"The 2019–2020 Khalili (Iran) Earthquake Sequence—Anthropogenic Seismicity in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt?"
1782:(covering more than 50% of the Zagros forest area) is the most important tree species of the Zagros in Iran.
1346:
8061:
8066:
7974:
7074:
6429:
6265:
5981:
5721:
5711:
5459:
5315:
4915:
4285:
4020:
3073:
Beiträge zur Quartärgeomorphologie SE-Iranischer Hochgebirge. Die quartäre Vergletscherung des Kuh-i-Jupar.
2694:
159:
74:
6195:
1027:" cemeteries, one of which dates back about 10,600 years and contains 35 individuals. Evidence from later
7964:
7623:
7388:
7351:
7283:
7052:
6220:
6214:
6165:
5976:
5806:
5685:
5310:
4341:
4223:
4218:
4153:
3829:
3118:
2593:"Multimedia Gallery – Gypsum from land to sea: Iran's Zagros Mountains contain much water-soluble gypsum"
1431:
302:
3371:
1390:
origin. Significant populations can be found in Central and South Zagros, especially around the city of
8197:
8111:
8076:
7801:
7476:
7456:
7298:
7288:
7278:
6978:
6968:
6747:
6435:
5896:
5761:
5229:
5007:
4905:
4346:
3955:
2148:
282:
8152:
7908:
7428:
7273:
6843:
6638:
6539:
6130:
5900:
5681:
5607:
5469:
5444:
5367:
5118:
5017:
4960:
4372:
4030:
3845:
3262:
3258:
2915:, Historisk-Filosofiske Skrifter, vol. 23, Copenhagen: Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskab,
999:
The Zagros Mountains have significant ancient history. They were occupied by early humans since the
8172:
8071:
7898:
7893:
7515:
7486:
7130:
6250:
6040:
5920:
5871:
5843:
5706:
5244:
5158:
4887:
3985:
3627:
3302:
3271:]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 82–95.
1939:
2935:
Al-Soof, Behnam Abu (1970). "Mounds in the Rania Plain and excavations at Tell Bazmusian (1956)".
1359:, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria. The high
1317:, primarily inhabiting the Central and South Zagros. Major cities inhabited by Bakhtiaris include
7969:
7743:
7491:
7155:
6888:
6481:
6455:
6446:
6316:
6276:
5880:
5816:
5776:
5511:
5362:
5219:
5178:
4436:
4295:
4228:
4122:
3975:
3893:
3888:
2230:
462:
2342:
8000:
7979:
7918:
7878:
7446:
7305:
7175:
7150:
7020:
6772:
6571:
6210:
5951:
5906:
5630:
5592:
5320:
5076:
4326:
4178:
3937:
2592:
2399:
2250:
2030:
1966:
1740:, the Zagros region is home to a rich and complex flora. Remnants of the originally widespread
1091:
534:
215:
17:
2667:
2435:
1985:, the body of freshwater which the ancient Mesopotamians believed lay deep beneath the earth.
521:
lie in the western central foothills of the Zagros mountain range. The southern ranges of the
7811:
7550:
7418:
7030:
6903:
6882:
6802:
6762:
6653:
5859:
5811:
5786:
5506:
5254:
5032:
4950:
4567:
4524:
3995:
3233:
3012:
Frey, W.; W. Probst (1986). Kurschner, Harald (ed.). "A synopsis of the vegetation in Iran".
2084:
1436:
447:
306:
3176:
M. Heydari; H. Poorbabaei; T. Rostami; M. Begim Faghir; A. Salehi; R. Ostad Hashmei (2013).
1099:
388:
The sedimentary cover in the SE Zagros is deforming above a layer of rock salt (acting as a
7944:
7888:
7645:
7527:
7461:
7423:
7319:
7245:
7240:
7165:
7013:
6631:
6410:
6312:
6205:
6145:
6120:
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6079:
6052:
5854:
5796:
5691:
5454:
5419:
5183:
4365:
4213:
4173:
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3183:. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2013, Vol. 11 No.1, pp. 97~110. Archived from
3037:
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2620:
2524:
220:
2059:
1439:
pattern, with a snowy winter and mild, rainy spring, followed by a dry summer and autumn.
8:
7587:
7545:
7471:
7346:
7268:
6797:
6767:
6752:
6150:
5839:
5572:
5464:
5063:
5058:
5022:
4955:
4804:
4492:
4300:
4208:
4183:
3990:
3965:
2187:
2177:
1962:
1908:
1717:
1419:
1342:
203:
3425:
2871:
2814:
2624:
2528:
1694:
337:(66 mya – present) in the passive continental margin on the Arabian Plate. However, the
7718:
7713:
7698:
7660:
7635:
7572:
7433:
7368:
7003:
6812:
6727:
6514:
6476:
6421:
6416:
6321:
6236:
5876:
5736:
5696:
5536:
5531:
5429:
5414:
5173:
4975:
4796:
4765:
4658:
4415:
4290:
4259:
4158:
4005:
3922:
3508:
2983:
2888:
2855:
2831:
2798:
2692:
2648:
2553:
2512:
2153:
2143:
1954:
1892:
1278:
1185:, near Shemshara, was occupied between 5000 BCE and 800 CE, although not continuously.
253:
7560:
3184:
1935:) inhabited the southwestern part of the mountains. It is now extinct in this region.
1927:
can be found almost all over the Zagros mountain range. In the late 19th century, the
1676:
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7738:
7703:
7540:
7481:
7383:
7293:
7263:
7258:
7125:
7120:
7104:
6993:
6933:
6853:
6848:
6757:
6608:
6524:
6441:
6347:
6337:
6246:
6155:
6140:
6135:
6104:
6094:
6084:
6074:
6061:
5916:
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5434:
5372:
5347:
5327:
5277:
5197:
5045:
4674:
4666:
4591:
4543:
4280:
4137:
4132:
4117:
4052:
3970:
3927:
3647:
3642:
3439:
3334:
3272:
3149:
3017:
2944:
2916:
2893:
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2704:
2673:
2652:
2558:
2540:
2439:
2428:
2172:
2167:
2138:
1415:
1274:
1217:). Some major cities are located on the foothills of the Zagros mountains, including
1028:
1000:
446:
are a common feature of the Zagros Mountains. Salt domes are an important target for
381:
357:(56–34 mya) both had major effects on uplifts in the northeastern parts of the belt.
326:
2317:
968:
7853:
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7565:
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4072:
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3699:
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3531:
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3121:. National Museum of Ethnology in Leiden, The Netherlands; Stephen Arpee Collection
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3100:"Quaternary Glaciations – Extent and Chronology Volume 15: A closer look Welcome"
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Göttinger Geographische Abhandlungen, 67, Vol. I, pp. 1–209; Vol. II, pp. 1–105.
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233:
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The mountains are completely of sedimentary origin and are made primarily of
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83:
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Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)
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2897:
2840:
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2510:
2096:
1928:
1713:
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1218:
1129:
During early ancient times, the Zagros was the home of peoples such as the
1012:
1004:
443:
249:
3331:
Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary
2368:
411:(a slightly coarser-grained mudstone) while leaving harder rocks, such as
7791:
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7602:
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7363:
7160:
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6612:
6576:
6327:
6012:
5935:
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4331:
4321:
4112:
4044:
3917:
3805:
3619:
3516:
3493:
3148:(. ed.). Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press. p. 41.
2693:
Ralph S. Solecki; Rose L. Solecki & Anagnostis P. Agelarakis (2004).
2536:
2101:
2066:
1916:
1773:
1733:
1364:
1246:
1226:
1162:
1158:
1103:
1036:
1020:
978:
708:
392:
1329:. A significant number of Bakhtiari still practice nomadic pastoralism.
329:) and folded the entirety of the rocks that had been deposited from the
6868:
5966:
5357:
4879:
4847:
4773:
4741:
4551:
3863:
3858:
3485:
3470:
2987:
2783:
2742:
Phillips, Rod. A Short History of Wine. New York: Harper Collins. 2000.
2643:
2434:. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. pp.
2192:
1947:
1880:
1876:
1306:
1222:
1198:
1178:
1068:
1048:
993:
988:
491:
346:
3588:
2963:
2879:
2856:"The genetics of an early Neolithic pastoralist from the Zagros, Iran"
2797:
Broushaki, Farnaz; Thomas, Mark G.; Link, Vivian; et al. (2016).
415:(calcium-rich rock consisting of the remains of marine organisms) and
7859:
7678:
7650:
7597:
7135:
6827:
6787:
5092:
International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)
4812:
4789:
4583:
4516:
4484:
4168:
3853:
3740:
3677:
2162:
2014:
1924:
1920:
1745:
1423:
1407:
1119:
1095:
1071:
have given evidence of wine storage dating between 3500 and 5400 BC.
499:
475:
471:
439:
424:
412:
408:
342:
338:
330:
2979:
2854:
Gallego-Llorente, M.; Connell, S.; Jones, E.R.; et al. (2016).
1752:
steppelands. The ancestors of many familiar foods, including wheat,
7195:
7025:
7008:
6782:
6777:
6002:
5342:
5224:
4476:
4305:
3960:
3883:
3878:
3785:
3770:
3765:
3720:
3521:
3498:
2853:
2158:
2051:
1958:
1950:
1919:
once thought extinct, was rediscovered in the late 20th century in
1786:
1649:
1360:
1250:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1044:
1003:
Period. The earliest human fossils discovered in Zagros belongs to
982:
689:
670:
651:
518:
495:
487:
483:
479:
404:
396:
334:
41:
7655:
7612:
6792:
6737:
6545:
4468:
4062:
3790:
3780:
3745:
3735:
3562:
3144:. In Cowan, C. Wesley; Watson, Patty Jo; Benco, Nancy L. (eds.).
2964:"Climatic Change and Plant Domestication in the Zagros Mountains"
1765:
1337:
1294:
1254:
1146:
1040:
507:
503:
428:
420:
389:
378:
322:
7535:
7190:
6351:
5671:
4500:
3810:
3760:
3682:
3577:
3544:
3462:
2134:
2123:
2091:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1391:
1368:
1230:
1079:
1016:
451:
373:
354:
245:
150:
64:
4357:
1776:
and grape can be found growing wild throughout the mountains.
293:
7748:
6732:
5209:
4163:
3800:
3795:
3775:
3539:
3256:
2343:"Li Îranê 66 Kes di Ketina Firokeka Bazirganî de Têne Kuştin"
2002:
A road through the Zagros mountains in Kurdistan region, Iraq
1744:-dominated woodland can still be found, as can the park-like
1352:
1266:
1202:
1150:
1060:
502:(66–23 mya) rocks south of the Cretaceous rocks and then the
3368:
2605:
1355:
are aborigines from the northwestern and the eastern Zagros
6943:
6920:
6663:
6657:
4989:
4452:
4388:
3750:
3572:
3567:
3475:
3447:
2799:"Early Neolithic genomes from the eastern Fertile Crescent"
2755:"Early Neolithic genomes from the eastern Fertile Crescent"
2487:"The Geological Society of London - Zagros Mountains, Iran"
2035:
1982:
1769:
1701:
1653:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1258:
1242:
1194:
1166:
1056:
632:
613:
594:
575:
511:
369:
265:
241:
237:
146:
142:
57:
3296:(Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature.
3062:
Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie N.F., 18, (4), pp. 472–483.
2733:
La Mediterranée, Braudel, Fernand, 1985, Flammarion, Paris
385:
caused the tectonic collision, leading to its uniqueness.
5967:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)
3333:, Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, p. 180,
3324:
3322:
3320:
1741:
1422:
and used in their Wildfinder, the particular terrestrial
1098:. Instead, he was the most genetically similar to modern
365:
3264:
Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola
3146:
The origins of Agriculture: An International Perspective
2796:
1161:. The mountains create a geographic barrier between the
533:
The peaks that are at least 3800 meters high and have a
2669:
Milestones in Archaeology: A Chronological Encyclopedia
256:, and the whole length of the western and southwestern
3317:
1209:
move from their herds from the east slopes in summer (
2426:
Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980).
2272:
2235:
2255:
1035:
occupations come from Yafteh Cave, Kaldar Cave near
3250:
3142:"The Origins of Plant Cultivation in the Near East"
474:. In the Elevated Zagros or the Higher Zagros, the
403:. Subsequent erosion removed softer rocks, such as
2427:
431:formed the linear ridges of the Zagros Mountains.
3014:Contributions to the Vegetation of Southwest Asia
1273:and span across many provinces in Iran including
8144:
2078:
1341:A Kurdish girl in the eastern Zagros village of
5028:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum
1969:is predicted to strongly impact this species.
297:The Zagros Mountains from space, September 1992
5114:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests
5013:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
3303:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t59450a49436271.en
2425:
7838:
6639:
4896:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)
4373:
3604:
3411:
3116:
3011:
2961:
2696:The Proto-Neolithic Cemetery in Shanidar Cave
2419:
1386:are a tribal confederation in Iran mostly of
1363:of the Zagros mountains produces a series of
5972:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)
3097:
2517:Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
2312:
2310:
321:. This collision mainly happened during the
5082:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
4199:Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
2910:
490:(201–145 mya) rocks that are surrounded by
7845:
7831:
6646:
6632:
5588:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)
5450:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
4966:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election
4380:
4366:
3611:
3597:
3418:
3404:
3328:
3235:Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017).
1686:forests that dominate the Zagros Mountains
1410:. Prominent among them are the forest and
6954:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
5097:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
3301:
3257:Heptner, V. G.; Sludskij, A. A. (1992) .
3227:
3110:
3016:. Wiesbaden, Germany: L. Reichert: 9–43.
2887:
2830:
2642:
2632:
2552:
2474:Journal of the Geological Society, London
2395:"Salt Dome in the Zagros Mountains, Iran"
2307:
1789:found within the mountain range include:
6778:Kassite dynasty of the Babylonian Empire
4916:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)
1923:Province, in the southern Zagros. Also,
1446:Climate data for Amadiya District, Iraq
1336:
987:
972:
461:
292:
281:
5702:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
3618:
2934:
2928:
457:
419:(rocks similar to limestone containing
14:
8145:
5240:History of democracy in classical Iran
3329:Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992),
3139:
2911:Eidem, Jesper; Læssøe, Jørgen (2001),
2665:
1957:to extinction due to poaching for the
407:(rock formed by consolidated mud) and
377:the northwest Zagros. The north–south
364:are getting higher and higher. Recent
7857:temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
7826:
7513:
7405:
7227:
7102:
6675:
6627:
6038:
5962:Defense Industries Organization (DIO)
5747:Iran and the World Trade Organization
5651:
5394:
5275:
4400:
4361:
3592:
3399:
2913:The Shemshara archives 1. The letters
2574:
2572:
2369:"چەند دیمەنێکی زنجیرە چیاکانی زاگرۆس"
252:. It spans the southern parts of the
7807:
7749:Mesopotamian spring festival (Akitu)
5134:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
5124:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
3291:
2595:. NSF – National Science Foundation.
2133:, technically a continuation of the
1732:Although currently degraded through
1426:of the mid to high mountain area is
992:A ceramic ware excavated in Zagros,
268:, at 4,409 metres (14,465 ft).
7797:
6367:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute
6008:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone
5982:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)
5781:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
5516:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
3391:Major Peaks of the Zagros Mountains
2265:
2245:
2225:
1885:Zagros Mountains mouse-like hamster
1082:has been analyzed and dated to the
24:
4906:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)
2569:
1660:
25:
8219:
5977:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
5598:Supreme National Security Council
5424:Persian Constitutional Revolution
5054:Interim Government of Iran (1981)
4961:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)
4951:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)
3350:
1300:
7806:
7796:
7786:
7777:
7776:
7082:2021–2022 Iraqi political crisis
6656:
6607:
6598:
6597:
5573:Assembly (or Council) of Experts
4337:Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary
3828:
3038:"Climate statistics for Amadiya"
2058:
2043:
2022:
2007:
1995:
1693:
1675:
1213:) to the west slopes in winter (
528:
40:
7561:Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman dialects
6984:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
6974:1974–1975 Shatt al-Arab clashes
6713:Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period
5772:Military equipment manufactured
5338:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
5102:United States withdrawal (2018)
5023:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)
4387:
3285:
3202:
3169:
3133:
3091:
3078:
3065:
3052:
3030:
3005:
2994:
2955:
2904:
2847:
2790:
2776:
2745:
2736:
2727:
2717:
2686:
2659:
2599:
2585:
2504:
1979:ancient Mesopotamian underworld
1704:. This photograph was taken by
1149:, who periodically invaded the
8193:Geography of Turkish Kurdistan
8183:Geography of Iranian Kurdistan
6844:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
6332:modern / contemporary
5578:Expediency Discernment Council
4901:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
4890:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)
4414:
3894:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB)
3889:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA)
2701:Texas A&M University Press
2479:
2466:
2452:
2387:
2361:
2349:(in Kurdish). 18 February 2018
2335:
2215:
1700:Men with a restrained lion in
1667:Zagros Mountains forest steppe
1428:Zagros Mountains forest steppe
1406:The mountains contain several
27:Mountain range in Western Asia
13:
1:
7103:
5546:state-sponsorship allegations
5276:
4276:Ancient Mesopotamian religion
3673:Tigris–Euphrates river system
3433:and their political geography
3381:Iran, Timeline of Art History
3210:"Haji Omran Mountain (IQ018)"
2634:10.1080/17445647.2021.1906339
2580:Journal of Structural Geology
2300:
2203:Tigris–Euphrates river system
2079:Parts of the Zagros Mountains
1709:
1642:
1188:
264:. The highest point is Mount
69:4,409 m (14,465 ft)
8188:Geography of Iraqi Kurdistan
7340:in ISIL-controlled territory
7228:
6003:Asaluyeh industrial corridor
5395:
5304:twin towns and sister cities
4610:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)
4487:Mannai (10th–7th century BC)
4463:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)
2430:Natural Wonders of the World
2293:چغائیا زاگرس or کوه یل زاگرس
1875:The Zagros are home to many
7:
8037:Central China loess plateau
7965:East European forest steppe
7514:
7406:
7251:Council of Representatives
6989:Weapons of mass destruction
6676:
6282:Water supply and sanitation
6039:
6013:Kish Island Free Trade Zone
5652:
5072:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)
4447:civilization (3100–2700 BC)
4401:
4342:Chicago Assyrian Dictionary
4224:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
4219:Indus-Mesopotamia relations
2273:
2256:
2236:
2073:
2050:Ancient pathway in Zagros,
1972:
1846:Scrophularia atroglandulosa
1565:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1495:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
303:Zagros fold and thrust belt
287:SRTM shaded relief anaglyph
154:Middle East or Western Asia
121:1,600 km (990 mi)
10:
8224:
6979:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq
5762:Economy of the Middle East
5139:2021–2022 Iranian protests
5129:2019–2020 Iranian protests
5109:2017–2018 Iranian protests
4570:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)
4347:Chicago Hittite Dictionary
2149:Battle of the Persian Gate
1988:
1664:
1634:
1445:
1401:
1378:
1291:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
966:
962:
275:
271:
8168:Mountain ranges of Turkey
8029:
7988:
7937:
7866:
7772:
7671:
7526:
7522:
7509:
7414:
7401:
7236:
7223:
7111:
7098:
6919:
6836:
6688:
6684:
6671:
6593:
6559:
6505:
6308:
6299:
6229:
6181:
6113:
6060:
6051:
6047:
6034:
5995:
5987:National Development Fund
5950:
5907:Telecommunications and IT
5901:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
5830:
5727:Foreign direct investment
5672:Bonyad (charitable trust)
5664:
5660:
5647:
5606:
5565:
5407:
5403:
5390:
5284:
5271:
5151:
5018:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
5008:Interim Government (1979)
4987:
4935:
4928:
4824:
4734:
4651:
4642:
4619:
4536:
4429:
4422:
4413:
4409:
4396:
4314:
4268:
4242:
4146:
4043:
3936:
3844:
3837:
3826:
3708:
3635:
3626:
3553:
3530:
3507:
3484:
3461:
3438:
3386:Mesopotamia 9000–500 B.C.
3140:Miller, Naomi F. (2006).
2672:. ABC-CLIO. p. 454.
1564:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1283:Chaharmahal and Bakthiari
1019:Cave. The remains of ten
510:have the same age as the
345:oceanic crust during the
305:was mainly formed by the
214:
202:
197:
158:
138:
133:
129:240 km (150 mi)
125:
117:
112:
73:
63:
53:
48:
39:
34:
7955:Crimean Submediterranean
7330:in Saddam Hussein's Iraq
7241:Administrative divisions
5737:International oil bourse
5502:Ministry of Intelligence
5087:Syrian civil war (2011–)
4911:1921 Persian coup d'état
2208:
2117:
1870:
1727:
1332:
537:of at least 300 meters:
482:rocks, a combination of
436:depositional environment
325:(about 25–5 mya or
8208:Deforestation in Turkey
8203:Physiographic provinces
8163:Mountain ranges of Iraq
8158:Mountain ranges of Iran
6889:Mandate for Mesopotamia
6763:First Babylonian Empire
6261:scientists and scholars
5767:Milad Tower and complex
5557:Women's rights movement
5552:White Revolution (1963)
5220:Peoples of the Caucasus
4562:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)
4455:dynasties (2700–540 BC)
3374:4 December 2019 at the
2823:10.1126/science.aaf7943
2322:Encyclopedia Britannica
1883:species, including the
1852:Scorzonera kurdistanica
1804:Bellevalia kurdistanica
1236:
7048:Insurgency (2011–2013)
6969:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
6773:Middle Assyrian Empire
6572:Anti-Iranian sentiment
6567:Science and technology
6392:Intellectual movements
6272:International rankings
6256:Intellectual movements
5742:International rankings
5235:Heads of state of Iran
5041:Nojeh coup plot (1980)
4602:Empire (247 BC–AD 224)
4439:culture (3400–2000 BC)
4179:Babylonian mathematics
3117:Sevruguin, A. (1880).
2962:Wright, H. E. (1980).
2400:NASA Earth Observatory
2282:
2031:Fritillaria imperialis
2017:herd, Zagros, Behbahan
1913:Dama dama mesopotamica
1897:Acrocephalus griseldis
1822:Echinops rectangularis
1357:Taurus mountain ranges
1349:
1092:early European farmers
996:
985:
535:topographic prominence
467:
349:(145–66 mya), and the
298:
290:
8102:South Sakhalin–Kurile
8087:Northeast China Plain
7335:in post-invasion Iraq
7041:U.S. troop withdrawal
6803:Neo-Babylonian Empire
5860:Shetab Banking System
5850:Banking and insurance
5812:Tehran Stock Exchange
5732:Intellectual property
5077:PJAK conflict (2004–)
4850:Turcomans (1378–1508)
4842:Turcomans (1374–1468)
4791:Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
4594:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)
3292:IUCN (22 July 2016).
3104:booksite.elsevier.com
2523:(12): e2021JB022797.
2085:Gardaneh ye Kuli Kash
1858:Tragopogon rechingeri
1840:Ornithogalum iraqense
1798:Astragalus crenophila
1437:Mediterranean climate
1430:(PA0446). The annual
1340:
991:
976:
465:
448:petroleum exploration
427:). This differential
333:(541–242 mya) to the
296:
285:
7284:Council of Ministers
7166:Mesopotamian Marshes
5821:Technology start-ups
5722:Environmental issues
5712:Economic Reform Plan
5626:Provincial governors
5316:Environmental issues
5064:Iran Air Flight 655
4805:Jalayirid Sultanate
4677:Caliphate (750–1258)
4519:Kingdom (652–625 BC)
4174:Babylonian astronomy
3653:Mesopotamian Marshes
3486:Hindu Kush Mountains
3359:, Photos from Iran,
3119:"Men with live lion"
2666:Murray, Tim (2007).
2537:10.1029/2021JB022797
1977:The entrance to the
1933:Panthera leo persica
1889:Calomyscus bailwardi
1816:Cousinia odontolepis
1810:Cousinia carduchorum
1418:. As defined by the
1100:Iranian Zoroastrians
458:Type and age of rock
221:Fold and thrust belt
7546:Mesopotamian Arabic
7352:Freedom of religion
6798:Neo-Assyrian Empire
6768:Old Assyrian Period
6753:Neo-Sumerian Empire
6221:Freedom of religion
5807:Supreme Audit Court
5686:Automotive industry
5333:Iranian Balochistan
5059:1987 Mecca incident
4956:Iran crisis of 1946
4945:dynasty (1925–1979)
4874:Dynasty (1751–1794)
4815:dynasty (1338–1357)
4807:dynasty (1335–1432)
4799:dynasty (1314–1393)
4784:dynasty (1244–1381)
4768:dynasty (1077–1231)
4752:dynasty (1011–1215)
4669:Caliphate (661–750)
4661:Caliphate (632–661)
4629:Empire (AD 224–651)
4546:Empire (550–330 BC)
4527:Empire (626–539 BC)
4511:Empire (678–549 BC)
4495:Empire (911–609 BC)
4255:Destruction by ISIL
4209:Sumerian literature
4184:Akkadian literature
3620:Ancient Mesopotamia
3246:. Special Issue 11.
2872:2016NatSR...631326G
2815:2016Sci...353..499B
2762:discovery.ucl.ac.uk
2625:2021JMaps..17..225F
2529:2021JGRB..12622797J
2347:VOA (Dengê Amerika)
2188:Mountains of Ararat
2178:Geography of Turkey
1963:habitat destruction
1909:Persian fallow deer
1420:World Wildlife Fund
1165:Plain, which is in
981:pathway in Zagros,
541:
289:of Zagros Mountains
244:, and southeastern
178: /
93: /
8112:Taiheiyo evergreen
8092:Qin Ling Mountains
8077:Nihonkai evergreen
8047:Changbai Mountains
7477:Telecommunications
7452:Foreign Investment
7389:Wars and conflicts
7325:in pre-Saddam Iraq
7289:Presidency Council
7075:2019–2021 protests
7004:Invasion of Kuwait
6828:Sassanid Asorestan
6823:Parthian Babylonia
6818:Seleucid Babylonia
6813:Achaemenid Assyria
6728:Jemdet Nasr period
6352:Persian New Year (
5757:Main economic laws
5328:Iranian Azerbaijan
5230:Monarchs of Persia
5174:Persianate society
4882:Empire (1789–1925)
4866:Empire (1736–1796)
4858:Empire (1501–1736)
4834:Empire (1370–1507)
4760:Empire (1037–1194)
4725:dynasty (934–1062)
4717:dynasty (931–1090)
4709:dynasty (861–1003)
4578:Empire (312–63 BC)
4479:(c.1595–c.1155 BC)
4291:Mesopotamian myths
3509:Sulaiman Mountains
3369:The genus Dionysia
3098:Elsevier: Ehlers.
3084:Kuhle, M. (2007):
3071:Kuhle, M. (1976):
3058:Kuhle, M. (1974):
2990:– via JSTOR.
2860:Scientific Reports
2491:www.geolsoc.org.uk
2461:Journal of Geodesy
2318:"Zagros Mountains"
2154:Caucasus Mountains
2144:Armenian highlands
1893:Basra reed-warbler
1828:Erysimum boissieri
1350:
997:
986:
540:
486:(252–201 mya) and
468:
299:
291:
254:Armenian highlands
58:Qash-Mastan (Dena)
49:Highest point
8198:Upper Mesopotamia
8140:
8139:
8011:Eastern Anatolian
8006:Central Anatolian
7996:Caspian Hyrcanian
7960:Dinaric Mountains
7820:
7819:
7768:
7767:
7764:
7763:
7754:Mandaean New Year
7505:
7504:
7397:
7396:
7379:Political parties
7274:Foreign relations
7219:
7218:
7126:Lower Mesopotamia
7121:Upper Mesopotamia
7094:
7093:
7090:
7089:
6854:Abbasid Caliphate
6849:Umayyad Caliphate
6758:Isin-Larsa period
6621:
6620:
6589:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6555:
6554:
6462:Opium consumption
6295:
6294:
6131:Ethnic minorities
6105:Iranian languages
6030:
6029:
6026:
6025:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5522:Political parties
5460:Children's rights
5445:Foreign relations
5439:2009 presidential
5386:
5385:
5348:Iranian Kurdistan
5267:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5147:
5146:
5119:COVID-19 pandemic
4978:Revolution (1979)
4924:
4923:
4744:Empire (977–1186)
4701:dynasty (864–928)
4693:dynasty (821–873)
4685:dynasty (819–999)
4638:
4637:
4554:(c.323 BC–AD 226)
4355:
4354:
4306:Ziggurat (Temple)
4281:Sumerian religion
4039:
4038:
3986:Middle Babylonian
3928:Kish civilization
3824:
3823:
3648:Lower Mesopotamia
3643:Upper Mesopotamia
3586:
3585:
3440:Aladagh Mountains
2880:10.1038/srep31326
2809:(6298): 499–503.
2407:on 1 October 2006
2271:
2254:
2234:
2173:Geography of Iraq
2168:Geography of Iran
2139:Arabian Peninsula
2038:, Iranian Zagros
1944:Neurergus kaiseri
1712:1880, before the
1639:
1638:
1416:semi-arid climate
1029:Upper Paleolithic
1001:Lower Paleolithic
960:
959:
788:Cheshmeh Kuhrang
401:sedimentary rocks
395:with a low basal
382:strike-slip fault
353:collision in the
327:million years ago
226:
225:
182:33.667°N 47.000°E
160:Range coordinates
97:30.950°N 51.433°E
16:(Redirected from
8215:
8153:Zagros Mountains
8117:Taiheiyo montane
8082:Nihonkai montane
8052:Changjiang Plain
8021:Zagros Mountains
7950:Central European
7929:Western European
7904:English Lowlands
7847:
7840:
7833:
7824:
7823:
7810:
7809:
7800:
7799:
7790:
7780:
7779:
7524:
7523:
7511:
7510:
7442:
7403:
7402:
7254:
7225:
7224:
7211:Sinjar Mountains
7201:Zagros Mountains
7141:Hamrin Mountains
7100:
7099:
7063:Mosul liberation
7036:Iraqi insurgency
6958:National Command
6947:
6783:Simurrum culture
6686:
6685:
6673:
6672:
6662:
6661:
6660:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6625:
6624:
6611:
6601:
6600:
6452:National symbols
6306:
6305:
6121:Iranian citizens
6058:
6057:
6049:
6048:
6036:
6035:
6018:Research centers
5707:Economic history
5662:
5661:
5649:
5648:
5583:Guardian Council
5405:
5404:
5392:
5391:
5273:
5272:
5250:Electric history
5245:Military history
5159:Ancient Persians
5067:
5066:shootdown (1988)
5049:
5036:
5033:Iranian Embassy
5003:
4992:
4990:Islamic Republic
4979:
4971:1953 coup d'état
4946:
4933:
4932:
4891:
4888:Khanates of the
4883:
4875:
4867:
4859:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4816:
4808:
4800:
4792:
4785:
4777:
4769:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4649:
4648:
4630:
4611:
4603:
4595:
4587:
4579:
4571:
4563:
4555:
4547:
4528:
4520:
4512:
4504:
4496:
4488:
4480:
4472:
4464:
4456:
4448:
4440:
4427:
4426:
4411:
4410:
4398:
4397:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4359:
4358:
4204:Sumerian cuisine
4194:Warfare in Sumer
4189:Economy of Sumer
3842:
3841:
3832:
3716:Fertile Crescent
3700:Sinjar Mountains
3695:Hamrin Mountains
3690:Zagros Mountains
3668:Taurus Mountains
3633:
3632:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3590:
3589:
3555:Zagros Mountains
3532:Taurus Mountains
3463:Alborz Mountains
3420:
3413:
3406:
3397:
3396:
3344:
3343:
3326:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3305:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3241:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3215:. natrueiraq.org
3214:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3182:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3095:
3089:
3082:
3076:
3069:
3063:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3009:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2866:(31326): 31326.
2851:
2845:
2844:
2834:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2784:"G-Y37100 YTree"
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2764:. pp. 1–169
2759:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2703:. pp. 3–5.
2690:
2684:
2683:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2646:
2636:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2583:
2576:
2567:
2566:
2556:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2483:
2477:
2470:
2464:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2433:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2403:. Archived from
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2314:
2294:
2276:
2270:romanized:
2269:
2267:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2239:
2237:Kuh hā-ye Zāgros
2229:
2227:
2219:
2062:
2047:
2026:
2011:
1999:
1711:
1706:Antoin Sevruguin
1697:
1679:
1443:
1442:
1084:Neolithic period
1065:Hajji Firuz Tepe
916:Chahardah Pahlu
542:
539:
498:rocks, with the
466:Glaciers on Dena
368:measurements in
262:Strait of Hormuz
260:, ending at the
230:Zagros Mountains
193:
192:
190:
189:
188:
183:
179:
176:
175:
174:
171:
108:
107:
105:
104:
103:
98:
94:
91:
90:
89:
86:
44:
32:
31:
21:
8223:
8222:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8214:
8213:
8212:
8173:Iranian Plateau
8143:
8142:
8141:
8136:
8025:
7984:
7933:
7862:
7851:
7821:
7816:
7760:
7744:Public holidays
7667:
7518:
7501:
7440:
7410:
7393:
7252:
7232:
7215:
7146:Iraqi Kurdistan
7136:Euphrates river
7107:
7086:
7053:War (2014–2017)
6999:Operation Opera
6945:
6915:
6911:Arab Federation
6899:Kingdom of Iraq
6832:
6808:Fall of Babylon
6743:Akkadian Empire
6718:Samarra culture
6703:Hassuna culture
6680:
6667:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6622:
6617:
6581:
6551:
6530:Rap and hip-hop
6501:
6482:Public holidays
6467:Persian gardens
6456:Imperial Anthem
6447:National Jewels
6402:Iranian studies
6291:
6225:
6177:
6109:
6070:Persian (Farsi)
6043:
6022:
5991:
5953:
5946:
5881:Pharmaceuticals
5826:
5817:Venture capital
5792:Rial (currency)
5777:Nuclear program
5656:
5635:
5602:
5561:
5512:Nuclear program
5477:Judicial system
5399:
5382:
5353:Iranian plateau
5280:
5259:
5143:
5065:
5047:
5034:
5002:History (1979–)
5001:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4977:
4944:
4920:
4889:
4881:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4833:
4820:
4814:
4806:
4798:
4790:
4783:
4775:
4767:
4759:
4751:
4743:
4730:
4724:
4716:
4708:
4700:
4692:
4684:
4676:
4668:
4660:
4644:
4634:
4628:
4615:
4609:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4577:
4569:
4561:
4553:
4545:
4532:
4526:
4525:Neo-Babylonian
4518:
4510:
4503:(860 BC–590 BC)
4502:
4494:
4486:
4478:
4471:(c.2300–675 BC)
4470:
4462:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4418:
4405:
4392:
4386:
4356:
4351:
4310:
4264:
4238:
4147:Culture/society
4142:
4035:
4031:Muslim conquest
4001:Fall of Babylon
3932:
3833:
3820:
3704:
3622:
3617:
3587:
3582:
3549:
3526:
3503:
3480:
3457:
3434:
3431:Iranian Plateau
3427:Mountain ranges
3424:
3376:Wayback Machine
3353:
3348:
3347:
3341:
3327:
3318:
3308:
3306:
3290:
3286:
3279:
3255:
3251:
3239:
3232:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3190:on 3 April 2015
3187:
3180:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3138:
3134:
3124:
3122:
3115:
3111:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3079:
3070:
3066:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3024:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2995:
2980:10.2307/4299696
2960:
2956:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2909:
2905:
2852:
2848:
2795:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2767:
2765:
2757:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2664:
2660:
2613:Journal of Maps
2604:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2577:
2570:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2476:, 163, 143–148.
2471:
2467:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2352:
2350:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2326:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2274:Çiyakanî Zagros
2220:
2216:
2211:
2183:Iranian plateau
2131:Hajar Mountains
2120:
2112:Qaleh gorikhteh
2087:, mountain pass
2081:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2054:
2048:
2039:
2027:
2018:
2012:
2003:
2000:
1991:
1975:
1873:
1792:Allium iranicum
1779:Quercus brantii
1730:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:in the country.
1698:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:Quercus brantii
1680:
1669:
1663:
1661:Flora and fauna
1645:
1640:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1404:
1381:
1373:natural barrier
1335:
1319:Masjed Soleyman
1303:
1239:
1191:
1171:Iranian plateau
1076:metatarsal bone
1025:proto-Neolithic
971:
965:
868:Piaro Kamandan
531:
460:
454:in the region.
362:Iranian plateau
351:continental arc
311:tectonic plates
280:
278:Geology of Iran
274:
258:Iranian plateau
186:
184:
180:
177:
172:
169:
167:
165:
164:
153:
101:
99:
95:
92:
87:
84:
82:
80:
79:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8221:
8211:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8138:
8137:
8135:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8107:Southern Korea
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8067:Huang He Plain
8064:
8059:
8057:Daba Mountains
8054:
8049:
8044:
8042:Central Korean
8039:
8033:
8031:
8027:
8026:
8024:
8023:
8018:
8016:Euxine–Colchic
8013:
8008:
8003:
7998:
7992:
7990:
7986:
7985:
7983:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7941:
7939:
7938:Eastern Europe
7935:
7934:
7932:
7931:
7926:
7921:
7916:
7914:North Atlantic
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7870:
7868:
7867:Western Europe
7864:
7863:
7850:
7849:
7842:
7835:
7827:
7818:
7817:
7815:
7814:
7804:
7794:
7784:
7773:
7770:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7751:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7675:
7673:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7665:
7664:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7633:
7628:
7627:
7626:
7621:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7570:
7569:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7538:
7532:
7530:
7520:
7519:
7507:
7506:
7503:
7502:
7500:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7482:Transportation
7479:
7474:
7472:Stock Exchange
7469:
7467:Reconstruction
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7447:Infrastructure
7444:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7399:
7398:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7360:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7343:
7342:
7332:
7327:
7317:
7316:
7315:
7314:
7313:
7306:Prime Minister
7303:
7302:
7301:
7291:
7286:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7248:
7243:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7221:
7220:
7217:
7216:
7214:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7112:
7109:
7108:
7096:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7085:
7084:
7079:
7078:
7077:
7067:
7066:
7065:
7060:
7050:
7045:
7044:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7023:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7014:1991 uprisings
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6964:Saddam Hussein
6961:
6950:
6949:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6925:
6923:
6917:
6916:
6914:
6913:
6908:
6907:
6906:
6896:
6894:Mandatory Iraq
6891:
6886:
6883:Mamluk dynasty
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6840:
6838:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6748:Gutian dynasty
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6694:
6692:
6682:
6681:
6669:
6668:
6651:
6650:
6643:
6636:
6628:
6619:
6618:
6616:
6615:
6605:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6587:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6563:
6561:
6557:
6556:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6549:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6511:
6509:
6503:
6502:
6500:
6499:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6433:
6419:
6414:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6325:
6319:
6309:
6303:
6297:
6296:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6244:
6239:
6233:
6231:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6218:
6208:
6203:
6193:
6187:
6185:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6128:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6066:
6064:
6055:
6045:
6044:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6024:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
5999:
5997:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5958:
5956:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5944:
5939:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5914:
5904:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5857:
5847:
5836:
5834:
5828:
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5825:
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5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
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5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5666:
5658:
5657:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5631:Supreme Leader
5628:
5623:
5618:
5612:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5595:
5593:Local councils
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5569:
5567:
5563:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5493:
5488:
5479:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5470:Women's rights
5467:
5462:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5432:
5427:
5417:
5411:
5409:
5401:
5400:
5388:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5324:
5323:
5321:Climate change
5313:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5291:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5269:
5268:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5205:Jiroft culture
5202:
5201:
5200:
5193:Iranic peoples
5190:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5181:
5169:Persianization
5166:
5161:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
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5084:
5079:
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5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4997:
4995:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4939:
4937:
4930:
4926:
4925:
4922:
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4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4861:
4853:
4845:
4837:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4810:
4802:
4794:
4787:
4779:
4776:(1135/36-1225)
4771:
4763:
4755:
4747:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4720:
4712:
4704:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4655:
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4633:
4632:
4623:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4605:
4597:
4589:
4586:(c.295–220 BC)
4581:
4573:
4565:
4557:
4549:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4522:
4514:
4506:
4498:
4490:
4482:
4474:
4466:
4458:
4450:
4445:Proto-Elamite
4442:
4433:
4431:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4407:
4406:
4394:
4393:
4385:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4362:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4327:Assyriologists
4324:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4234:List of rulers
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:Proto-Armenian
4120:
4115:
4110:
4108:Middle Persian
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3996:Neo-Babylonian
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3976:Old Babylonian
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3946:Early Dynastic
3942:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3896:
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3808:
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3655:
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3608:
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3442:
3436:
3435:
3423:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3366:
3352:
3351:External links
3349:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3316:
3284:
3277:
3249:
3226:
3201:
3168:
3154:
3132:
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2789:
2775:
2744:
2735:
2726:
2716:
2709:
2685:
2678:
2658:
2619:(2): 225–236.
2598:
2584:
2582:, 30, 366–379.
2568:
2503:
2478:
2465:
2463:, 77, 411–422.
2451:
2444:
2418:
2386:
2360:
2334:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2283:Zagros Dağları
2266:چیاکانی زاگرۆس
2213:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2198:Silakhor Plain
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2127:
2119:
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2055:
2049:
2042:
2040:
2028:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1974:
1971:
1967:Climate change
1915:), an ancient
1872:
1869:
1864:Tulipa kurdica
1834:Iris barnumiae
1729:
1726:
1699:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1681:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:Main article:
1662:
1659:
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1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1441:
1403:
1400:
1384:Qashqai people
1380:
1377:
1334:
1331:
1302:
1301:Bakhtiari Lurs
1299:
1238:
1235:
1199:Bakhtiari Lurs
1190:
1187:
1183:Tell Bazmusian
1175:Tell Shemshara
1102:, followed by
1078:fragment from
1033:Epipaleolithic
1007:and come from
969:Durupınar site
964:
961:
958:
957:
954:
951:
949:
946:
942:
941:
938:
935:
933:
930:
926:
925:
922:
919:
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914:
910:
909:
906:
903:
901:
900:Kuh-e Hashtad
898:
894:
893:
890:
887:
885:
882:
878:
877:
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869:
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802:
798:
797:
794:
791:
789:
786:
782:
781:
778:
775:
773:
772:Haft Cheshmeh
770:
766:
765:
762:
759:
757:
754:
750:
749:
746:
743:
741:
738:
734:
733:
730:
727:
725:
722:
718:
717:
714:
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623:
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604:
603:
600:
597:
592:
589:
585:
584:
581:
578:
573:
570:
566:
565:
563:Prominence (m)
560:
555:
550:
545:
530:
527:
459:
456:
315:Eurasian Plate
273:
270:
234:mountain range
224:
223:
218:
212:
211:
206:
200:
199:
195:
194:
187:33.667; 47.000
162:
156:
155:
140:
136:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
110:
109:
102:30.950; 51.433
77:
71:
70:
67:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8220:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
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8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8150:
8148:
8133:
8132:West Siberian
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8097:Sichuan Basin
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
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8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
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7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7638:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7625:
7622:
7619:
7618:Iraqi Turkmen
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
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7591:
7589:
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7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7253:(legislative)
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7238:
7235:
7231:
7226:
7222:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7186:Syrian Desert
7184:
7182:
7181:Shatt al-Arab
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
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7142:
7139:
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7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7116:Faw peninsula
7114:
7113:
7110:
7106:
7101:
7097:
7083:
7080:
7076:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7068:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7058:Fall of Mosul
7056:
7055:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7031:U.S. invasion
7029:
7028:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6994:Iran–Iraq War
6992:
6990:
6987:
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6980:
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6887:
6884:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6859:Buyid dynasty
6857:
6855:
6852:
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6809:
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6804:
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6789:
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6759:
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6751:
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6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6708:Halaf culture
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6693:
6691:
6687:
6683:
6679:
6674:
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6644:
6642:
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6604:
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6508:
6504:
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6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6457:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6427:
6426:news agencies
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6412:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6333:
6329:
6326:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6228:
6222:
6219:
6216:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6184:
6180:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6063:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5994:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5949:
5943:
5940:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5908:
5905:
5902:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5822:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5787:Privatization
5785:
5782:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5650:
5646:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5564:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5393:
5389:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5274:
5270:
5256:
5255:Years in Iran
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5191:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5179:Turco-Persian
5177:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5048:War (1980–88)
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4927:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4886:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4870:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4854:
4852:
4846:
4844:
4840:Qara Qoyunlu
4838:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4823:
4817:
4811:
4809:
4803:
4801:
4795:
4793:
4788:
4786:
4780:
4778:
4772:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4756:
4754:
4748:
4746:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4713:
4711:
4705:
4703:
4697:
4695:
4689:
4687:
4681:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4665:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4641:
4631:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4612:
4606:
4604:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4574:
4572:
4566:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4550:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:550 BC–AD 224
4535:
4529:
4523:
4521:
4515:
4513:
4507:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4493:Neo-Assyrian
4491:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4473:
4467:
4465:
4459:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4443:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4383:
4378:
4376:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4042:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3840:
3836:
3831:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:Syrian Desert
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3614:
3609:
3607:
3602:
3600:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3432:
3428:
3421:
3416:
3414:
3409:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3342:
3336:
3332:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3288:
3280:
3278:90-04-08876-8
3274:
3270:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3253:
3245:
3238:
3230:
3211:
3205:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3157:
3155:0-8173-5349-6
3151:
3147:
3143:
3136:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3081:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3055:
3039:
3033:
3025:
3023:3-88226-297-4
3019:
3015:
3008:
3002:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2922:87-7876-245-6
2918:
2914:
2907:
2899:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2850:
2842:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2793:
2785:
2779:
2763:
2756:
2748:
2739:
2730:
2720:
2712:
2710:9781585442720
2706:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2679:9781576071861
2675:
2671:
2670:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2588:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2507:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2475:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2447:
2445:0-89577-087-3
2441:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2422:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2263:
2258:
2257:Jibal Zaghrus
2252:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2226:کوههای زاگرس
2223:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2005:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1940:Luristan newt
1936:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1901:striped hyena
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1785:Other floral
1783:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1764:, pistachio,
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1738:deforestation
1735:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1685:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1633:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1433:
1432:precipitation
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:areas with a
1413:
1412:forest steppe
1409:
1399:
1397:
1396:Fars province
1393:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:. Lurs speak
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:Shanidar Cave
1006:
1002:
995:
990:
984:
980:
975:
970:
955:
952:
950:
947:
944:
943:
939:
936:
934:
932:Dome Qalikuh
931:
928:
927:
923:
920:
918:
915:
912:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
886:
884:Hezar Darreh
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
870:
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
854:
851:
848:
847:
843:
840:
838:
835:
832:
831:
827:
824:
822:
819:
816:
815:
811:
808:
806:
803:
800:
799:
795:
792:
790:
787:
784:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:
768:
767:
763:
760:
758:
755:
752:
751:
747:
744:
742:
739:
736:
735:
731:
728:
726:
723:
720:
719:
715:
712:
710:
707:
704:
701:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
685:
682:
681:
677:
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669:
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658:
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634:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
617:
615:
612:
609:
606:
605:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:Kale Qodveis
590:
587:
586:
582:
579:
577:
574:
571:
568:
567:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
543:
538:
536:
529:Highest peaks
526:
524:
523:Fars Province
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
464:
455:
453:
449:
445:
444:salt glaciers
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
391:
386:
383:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
319:Arabian Plate
316:
312:
308:
304:
295:
288:
284:
279:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
222:
219:
217:
216:Mountain type
213:
210:
209:Carboniferous
207:
205:
201:
196:
191:
163:
161:
157:
152:
148:
144:
141:
137:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
111:
106:
78:
76:
72:
68:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
7646:Christianity
7528:Demographics
7462:Oil reserves
7457:Oil Industry
7424:Central Bank
7320:Human rights
7246:Constitution
7200:
7191:Tigris river
7171:Persian Gulf
6879:Ottoman Iraq
6864:Qara Qoyunlu
6698:Ubaid period
6560:Other topics
6544:
6472:Persian name
6411:Islamization
6353:
6313:Architecture
6266:universities
6211:Zoroastrians
6206:Christianity
6196:Baháʼí Faith
6146:Azerbaijanis
6053:Demographics
5867:Construction
5855:Central Bank
5797:Space Agency
5692:Child labour
5527:Principlists
5507:Cyberwarfare
5455:Human rights
5420:Constitution
5215:Azerbaijanis
5184:Indo-Persian
5164:Greater Iran
5035:siege (1980)
4994:1979–present
4645:early modern
4643:Medieval and
4437:Kura-Araxes
4229:Royal titles
4154:Architecture
3991:Neo-Assyrian
3838:(Pre)history
3689:
3658:Persian Gulf
3554:
3453:Turkmenistan
3360:
3356:
3330:
3307:. Retrieved
3287:
3268:
3263:
3252:
3243:
3229:
3217:. Retrieved
3204:
3192:. Retrieved
3185:the original
3171:
3159:. Retrieved
3145:
3135:
3123:. Retrieved
3112:
3103:
3093:
3085:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3059:
3054:
3042:. Retrieved
3040:. Meteovista
3032:
3013:
3007:
2996:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2940:
2936:
2930:
2912:
2906:
2863:
2859:
2849:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2778:
2766:. Retrieved
2761:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2719:
2695:
2688:
2668:
2661:
2616:
2612:
2601:
2587:
2579:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2490:
2481:
2473:
2468:
2460:
2454:
2429:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2405:the original
2398:
2389:
2377:. Retrieved
2375:(in Kurdish)
2372:
2363:
2351:. Retrieved
2346:
2337:
2325:. Retrieved
2321:
2290:
2217:
2097:Mount Arbaba
2029:
1976:
1943:
1937:
1932:
1929:Asiatic lion
1912:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1874:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1777:
1731:
1646:
1427:
1405:
1382:
1365:choke points
1351:
1345:celebrating
1327:Shahr-e Kord
1304:
1263:Shahr-e Kord
1240:
1219:Sulaymaniyah
1214:
1210:
1192:
1163:Mesopotamian
1128:
1087:
1073:
1021:Neanderthals
1013:Bisitun Cave
1005:Neanderthals
998:
979:cobblestoned
572:Qash-Mastan
562:
557:
552:
547:
532:
517:Iran's main
516:
508:orogenically
469:
433:
387:
359:
300:
250:Persian Gulf
229:
227:
29:
8122:Tarim Basin
7802:WikiProject
7603:Marsh Arabs
7588:Circassians
7269:Foreign aid
7161:Mesopotamia
6723:Uruk period
6577:Tehrangeles
6540:Traditional
6277:Nationality
6215:persecution
6200:persecution
6151:Circassians
6100:Neo-Aramaic
6080:Azerbaijani
5952:State-owned
5877:Health care
5840:Agriculture
5677:Brain drain
5616:Ambassadors
5311:Earthquakes
4848:Aq Qoyunlu
4797:Muzaffarid
4774:Eldiguzids
4766:Anushtegin
4592:Kingdom of
4568:Kingdom of
4560:Kingdom of
4552:Atropatene
4544:Achaemenid
4485:Kingdom of
4430:3400–539 BC
4332:Hittitology
4322:Assyriology
4243:Archaeology
4113:Old Persian
3923:Jemdet Nasr
3517:Afghanistan
3494:Afghanistan
3309:30 November
3044:6 September
2974:: 145–148.
2644:2434/833741
2379:18 December
2353:18 December
2291:Kûya Zagrus
2246:جبال زاغروس
2102:Mount Derak
2067:Oshtorankuh
1917:domesticate
1905:Hyena hyena
1774:pomegranate
1734:overgrazing
1718:extirpation
1313:tribe from
1247:Khorramabad
1227:Khorramabad
1159:Mesopotamia
1080:Wezmeh Cave
948:Kule Jonou
852:Darab Shah
756:Qanbarkosh
709:Oshtorankuh
686:Haft Tanan
629:Kuh-e Dama
610:Pazane Pir
393:decollement
240:, northern
232:are a long
204:Age of rock
185: /
100: /
75:Coordinates
8147:Categories
8072:Manchurian
7894:Cantabrian
7860:ecoregions
7854:Palearctic
7719:Television
7699:Literature
7661:Irreligion
7636:Secularism
7573:Minorities
7441:(currency)
7434:Corruption
7279:Government
7070:Insurgency
6869:Aq Qoyunlu
6690:Chronology
6477:Philosophy
6436:newspapers
6417:Literature
6322:architects
6317:Achaemenid
6237:Corruption
5697:Corruption
5537:Reformists
5532:Propaganda
5430:Corruption
5415:Censorship
5358:Lake Urmia
5046:Iran–Iraq
4742:Ghaznavid
4620:AD 224–651
4584:Frataraka
4416:Prehistory
4296:Divination
4006:Achaemenid
3971:Isin-Larsa
3864:Trialetian
3859:Mousterian
3846:Prehistory
3471:Azerbaijan
3340:0714117056
2943:: 65–104.
2301:References
2193:Mount Judi
2107:Nalishkêne
1955:vulnerable
1948:salamander
1925:wild goats
1899:) and the
1881:endangered
1877:threatened
1760:, almond,
1682:A view of
1643:Glaciation
1408:ecosystems
1307:Bakhtiaris
1223:Kermanshah
1189:Population
1179:Little Zab
1177:along the
1169:, and the
1157:cities of
1094:or modern
1069:Godin Tepe
1049:Kermanshah
1037:Khoramabad
994:Dalma Tepe
967:See also:
740:Shahankuh
705:San-Borān
648:Kolonchin
558:Height (m)
492:Cretaceous
440:Salt domes
347:Cretaceous
276:See also:
113:Dimensions
8030:East Asia
7989:West Asia
7970:Pannonian
7739:Squatting
7704:Education
7651:Mandaeism
7620:/Turkoman
7598:Mandaeans
7583:Assyrians
7578:Armenians
7541:Languages
7429:Companies
7384:Judiciary
7294:President
7264:Elections
7259:Democracy
7105:Geography
7021:Sanctions
6939:2003–2011
6934:1968–2003
6929:1958–1968
6788:Babylonia
6442:Mythology
6348:Calendars
6338:Astronomy
6247:Education
6156:Georgians
6141:Assyrians
6136:Armenians
6062:Languages
5954:companies
5917:Transport
5897:Petroleum
5682:Companies
5621:President
5608:Officials
5542:Terrorism
5491:Air Force
5435:Elections
5373:Provinces
5368:Mountains
5278:Geography
5198:languages
4936:1925–1979
4864:Afsharid
4825:1370–1925
4813:Chobanid
4707:Saffarid
4659:Rashidun
4627:Sasanian
4608:Kings of
4600:Parthian
4576:Seleucid
4517:Scythian
4477:Kassites
4461:Akkadian
4169:Cuneiform
4045:Languages
3854:Acheulean
3741:Babylonia
3678:Euphrates
3628:Geography
2949:0081-9271
2653:234879238
2545:2169-9313
2327:17 August
2251:romanized
2231:romanized
2163:Kurdistan
2126:Mountains
2015:Wild goat
1959:pet trade
1921:Khuzestan
1746:pistachio
1635:Source:
1424:ecoregion
1279:Khuzestan
1215:Gheshlāgh
1120:Georgians
1096:Europeans
667:Chegaleh
553:Sub-range
519:oilfields
500:Paleogene
476:Paleozoic
472:limestone
425:magnesium
413:limestone
409:siltstone
343:Neotethys
339:obduction
331:Paleozoic
307:collision
134:Geography
65:Elevation
8178:Anatolia
8062:Hokkaidō
8001:Caucasus
7980:Sarmatic
7924:Pyrenees
7919:Po Basin
7879:Atlantic
7874:Apennine
7782:Category
7631:Religion
7608:Persians
7492:Railways
7487:Airlines
7369:Military
7230:Politics
7206:Wildlife
7196:Umm Qasr
7026:Iraq War
7009:Gulf War
6921:Republic
6874:Safavids
6837:638–1958
6603:Category
6496:football
6487:Scouting
6397:Iranians
6387:Folklore
6183:Religion
6095:Georgian
6075:Armenian
5936:shipping
5931:railways
5921:airlines
5887:Industry
5752:Taxation
5566:Councils
5482:Military
5397:Politics
5378:Wildlife
5343:Caucasus
5225:Persians
5152:See also
4976:Iranian
4943:Pahlavi
4856:Safavid
4832:Timurid
4735:977–1432
4715:Ziyarid
4691:Tahirid
4683:Samanid
4675:Abbasid
4667:Umayyad
4652:632–1090
4469:Lullubi
4453:Elamite
4315:Academia
4269:Religion
4138:Urartian
4133:Sumerian
4118:Parthian
4053:Akkadian
4026:Sasanian
4016:Parthian
4011:Seleucid
3961:Simurrum
3951:Akkadian
3884:Khiamian
3874:Natufian
3786:Simurrum
3771:Kassites
3766:Hittites
3721:Adiabene
3522:Pakistan
3499:Pakistan
3372:Archived
3244:Cat News
3194:10 April
3125:26 March
2898:27502179
2841:27417496
2768:15 March
2563:35846502
2411:27 April
2159:Corduene
2074:See also
2052:Behbahan
1973:Religion
1787:endemics
1650:Zard Kuh
1361:altitude
1343:Palangan
1275:Lorestan
1251:Borujerd
1207:Qashqais
1155:Akkadian
1151:Sumerian
1143:Elamites
1139:Kassites
1131:Hurrians
1088:G-Y37100
1074:A human
1045:Malaverd
983:Behbahan
977:Ancient
836:Khurbeh
804:Karpush
724:Qalikuh
690:Zard-Kuh
671:Zard-Kuh
652:Zard-Kuh
496:Tertiary
488:Jurassic
484:Triassic
480:Mesozoic
417:dolomite
405:mudstone
397:friction
335:Cenozoic
317:and the
139:Location
7909:Madeira
7812:Commons
7729:Smoking
7694:Culture
7689:Cuisine
7672:General
7656:Yazidis
7613:Solluba
7566:Persian
7556:Kurdish
7551:Aramaic
7516:Society
7497:Tourism
7408:Economy
7156:Islands
7131:Borders
6956: (
6946:present
6881:(incl.
6793:Assyria
6738:Subartu
6678:History
6546:Ey Iran
6494: (
6454: (
6430:student
6428: (
6424: (
6409: (
6377:Cuisine
6362:Fashion
6350: (
6330: (
6315: (
6301:Culture
6249: (
6213: (
6198: (
6171:Turkmen
6123: (
6114:Peoples
6085:Kurdish
6041:Society
5942:Tourism
5919: (
5909: (
5899: (
5879: (
5872:Defense
5842: (
5832:Sectors
5819: (
5779: (
5684: (
5665:General
5654:Economy
5544: (
5514: (
5484: (
5437: (
5422: (
5408:General
5363:Islands
5299:largest
5289:Borders
4758:Seljuk
4750:Ghurid
4699:Alavid
4509:Median
4501:Urartu
4423:Ancient
4403:History
4301:Prayers
4286:Deities
4250:Looting
4093:Kassite
4088:Hurrian
4083:Hittite
4073:Elamite
4068:Eblaite
4063:Aramaic
4058:Amorite
3981:Kassite
3956:Gutians
3938:History
3903:Samarra
3899:Hassuna
3869:Zarzian
3791:Subartu
3781:Mitanni
3746:Chaldea
3736:Assyria
3709:Ancient
3563:Armenia
3429:of the
3219:22 June
2988:4299696
2889:4977546
2868:Bibcode
2832:5113750
2811:Bibcode
2803:Science
2621:Bibcode
2554:9285018
2525:Bibcode
2496:11 July
2373:Basnews
2279:Turkish
2262:Kurdish
2253::
2233::
2222:Persian
2137:in the
1989:Gallery
1951:endemic
1946:) is a
1907:). The
1891:), the
1766:apricot
1630:(41.1)
1625:(24.3)
1620:(35.8)
1615:(45.0)
1610:(55.4)
1605:(62.4)
1600:(63.1)
1595:(55.4)
1590:(47.8)
1585:(38.3)
1580:(28.4)
1575:(19.8)
1570:(17.6)
1560:(58.8)
1555:(36.9)
1550:(49.5)
1545:(63.9)
1540:(78.1)
1535:(85.3)
1530:(85.5)
1525:(76.6)
1520:(66.7)
1515:(54.0)
1510:(43.5)
1505:(34.5)
1500:(31.6)
1402:Climate
1394:in the
1379:Qashqai
1369:valleys
1295:Hamedan
1255:Malayer
1211:Yeylāgh
1153:and/or
1147:Mitanni
1108:Balochi
1041:Warwasi
963:History
504:Neogene
429:erosion
421:calcium
390:ductile
379:Kazerun
323:Miocene
309:of two
272:Geology
198:Geology
173:47°00′E
170:33°40′N
88:51°26′E
85:30°57′N
8127:Ussuri
7975:Rodope
7945:Balkan
7899:Celtic
7889:Baltic
7884:Azores
7792:Portal
7734:Sports
7709:Health
7684:Cinema
7536:Iraqis
7439:Dinar
7374:Police
7176:Places
6666:topics
6613:Portal
6372:Cinema
6354:Nowruz
6251:higher
6125:abroad
6090:Hebrew
5996:Places
5892:Mining
5717:Energy
5294:Cities
5210:Aryans
4929:Modern
4880:Qajar
4723:Buyid
4391:topics
4128:Sutean
4103:Median
4098:Luwian
4078:Gutian
3966:Ur III
3879:Nemrik
3816:Cities
3811:Urartu
3761:Hamazi
3756:Gutium
3731:Armani
3683:Tigris
3636:Modern
3578:Turkey
3545:Turkey
3362:Livius
3357:Zagros
3337:
3275:
3259:"Lion"
3152:
3020:
2986:
2947:
2919:
2896:
2886:
2839:
2829:
2724:Tokyo.
2707:
2676:
2651:
2561:
2551:
2543:
2442:
2438:–423.
2242:Arabic
2135:Zagros
2124:Alborz
2092:Alvand
2090:Mount
2065:Mount
1861:, and
1762:walnut
1758:lentil
1754:barley
1750:almond
1451:Month
1392:Shiraz
1388:Turkic
1347:Newroz
1309:are a
1293:, and
1231:Shiraz
1229:, and
1124:Kotias
1116:Kalash
1112:Brahui
1053:Anshan
1039:, and
1017:Wezmeh
1015:, and
452:gypsum
374:Alborz
355:Eocene
313:, the
246:Turkey
151:Turkey
149:, and
118:Length
35:Zagros
18:Zagros
7724:Music
7714:Media
7641:Islam
7593:Kurds
7419:Banks
7357:Women
7151:Lakes
6944:2011–
6904:Kings
6733:Sumer
6507:Music
6492:Sport
6422:Media
6407:Islam
6343:Blogs
6287:Women
6242:Crime
6230:Other
6191:Islam
6161:Kurds
5926:metro
5844:fruit
5802:Setad
4872:Zand
4782:Kart
4214:Music
4164:Akitu
4021:Roman
3913:Ubaid
3908:Halaf
3806:Tukri
3801:Sumer
3796:Suhum
3776:Media
3726:Akkad
3540:Syria
3267:[
3240:(PDF)
3213:(PDF)
3188:(PDF)
3181:(PDF)
3161:5 May
2984:JSTOR
2937:Sumer
2758:(PDF)
2649:S2CID
2209:Notes
2118:Other
1871:Fauna
1728:Flora
1490:Year
1353:Kurds
1333:Kurds
1267:Yasuj
1203:Kurds
1061:Jarmo
1047:near
953:3823
937:3839
921:3845
908:1248
905:3869
892:1628
889:3890
873:3891
860:1495
857:3900
841:3902
828:1563
825:3943
809:3961
793:3969
780:1545
777:3975
761:3982
748:1427
745:4038
732:1420
729:4078
716:1928
713:4150
694:4104
675:4134
659:2095
656:4221
637:4216
621:1080
618:4250
599:4341
583:2604
580:4409
126:Width
7624:Jews
7347:LGBT
7311:List
7299:List
6664:Iraq
6535:Rock
6520:Jazz
6515:Folk
6381:wine
6166:Jews
5496:Navy
5486:Army
5465:LGBT
4389:Iran
4260:Tell
3918:Uruk
3751:Elam
3573:Iraq
3568:Iran
3476:Iran
3448:Iran
3335:ISBN
3311:2023
3273:ISBN
3221:2016
3196:2014
3163:2012
3150:ISBN
3127:2018
3046:2014
3018:ISBN
2968:Iran
2945:ISSN
2917:ISBN
2894:PMID
2837:PMID
2770:2023
2705:ISBN
2674:ISBN
2559:PMID
2541:ISSN
2498:2024
2440:ISBN
2413:2006
2381:2019
2355:2019
2329:2017
2287:Luri
2036:Dena
1983:Abzu
1961:and
1938:The
1879:and
1770:plum
1736:and
1714:lion
1702:Iran
1654:Dena
1652:and
1623:−4.3
1608:13.0
1603:16.9
1598:17.3
1593:13.0
1578:−2.0
1573:−6.8
1568:−8.0
1558:14.9
1543:17.7
1538:25.6
1533:29.6
1528:29.7
1523:24.8
1518:19.3
1513:12.2
1498:−0.2
1487:Dec
1484:Nov
1481:Oct
1478:Sep
1475:Aug
1472:Jul
1469:Jun
1466:May
1463:Apr
1460:Mar
1457:Feb
1454:Jan
1367:and
1325:and
1323:Izeh
1315:Iran
1305:The
1287:Ilam
1271:Luri
1259:Izeh
1243:Lurs
1241:The
1237:Lurs
1195:Lurs
1167:Iraq
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