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confined landscape in order to be able to depict all of them. Burian's palaeoart is noteworthy for its uses of plants and environments. Many palaeoartists before (including Knight) and after Burian were highly "zoocentric", paying little attention to plants and relegating them either to simplistic renditions in the background or omitting them entirely. Compared with Knight's nearly universal use of plants such as palm trees and grass in the background, Burian's selection of plant life almost always appears plausible. His renditions of plants, although often also confined to the background, were always detailed and naturalistic. Several of Burian's paintings also include plant life as prominently as animals and some of his scenes are entirely devoid of animal life.
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painting. Despite this, Burian's work paid close attention to skeletal anatomy and form. He is for instance considered to in many cases surpass
Charles R. Knight in the adherence to the underlying skeletal anatomy of his animals, despite Knight often working more closely with museums and having access to their collections. Burian's process of reconstruction was a lengthy one. He began by creating several sketches for each scene, the most important of which were skeletal reconstructions of the animals to be depicted. These skeletal reconstructions, sometimes done in different poses, were sometimes followed by sketches of their musculature.
464:. Paintings produced by Burian after 1968 have sometimes been described as more "flat and uninteresting" than his previous work; he was during this time requested by publishers to portray animals in this way and to showcase them as individual figures rather than as part of a group. Many of the books published during this period nevertheless also reused many of the paintings and illustrations Burian had produced during the preceding time with Augusta, sometimes in slightly updated versions. In the 1960s, Burian also began collaborating with international authors and publishers, particularly in Italy.
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1485:"SETZ, Clemens J. and FISCHEL, Angela. Die verlorenen Welten des Zdeněk Burian . Matthes & Seitz, Berlin: 2013 (Naturkunden no. 8). Pp 240; illustrated. Price € 68.00 (hardback). ISBN 9783882210811. MILNER, Richard. Charles R. Knight: the artist who saw through time . Abrams, New York: 2012. Pp 180; illustrated. Price US$ 40.00, £ 24.99 (hardback). ISBN 9780810984790"
330:, with additional inspiration perhaps also coming in the form of childhood experiences at fossil sites. In the twentieth century, it was common for palaeontological reconstructions to only be produced through the efforts of paired artists and palaeontological advisors and authors. There were several such pairs, although the pairing of Burian and the palaeontologist
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subjects) range from anywhere between 1000 and 20,000. In total, Burian's artwork and illustrations have been published in over 500 books. He also illustrated approximately 500 short stories and painted around 600 book covers. Numerous exhibitions with Burian's artwork have been held in the Czech
Republic, the largest of which was held in
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223:. Burian did not complete his education at the academy. He completed his second year in July 1920 and began the third year, though dropped out in the fall of 1920. Instead of pursuing further studies, Burian began to make a living as an illustrator. The first book to be illustrated by Burian, a Czech edition of
430:, to which Burian reacted positively and worked to adapt. Even before the Dinosaur Renaissance, Burian worked to depict dinosaurs as active animals with mammal or bird-like musculature and limb movements, unlike many artists of his time. Among the artwork produced by Burian in the early 1970s is a painting of
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Burian's artwork has been described as having a certain romantic touch, absent in the majority of palaeoart produced after his time. The paintings are for the most part free of scenes depicting fighting or other brutality and are almost entirely without blood. In the few cases where fighting animals
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Burian had no access to the actual fossil material of the different prehistoric animals he illustrated and painted. For the most part his work was based on illustrations and published descriptions of the bones. In the vast majority of cases, he only had a single photograph to serve as the basis of a
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Several of Burian's paintings and designs have been extensively copied by other artists. Some have even been used as the basis for merchandise, including toy designs. Burian's artwork was also influential when it came to depictions of dinosaurs and other prehistoric life in popular culture. Already
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It is not known precisely how many paintings Burian produced over the course of his career since he himself never compiled a listing of his work. His palaeontological and palaeoanthropological paintings are thought to number between 500 and 800, and the total number of paintings (including on other
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and he is widely seen as another master in the field. He is regarded as probably the most prolific painter of prehistoric life in twentieth-century Europe and one of the most influential palaeoartists. Particular palaeoartistic paintings by Burian that reached an iconic status and became widespread
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in 1945, Augusta and Burian's work was suppressed by the occupation authorities. Through the late 1940s, Burian illustrated several of
Augusta's palaeontology-themed short stories. He would through the 1950s also go on to illustrate a number of books, collaborate with other researchers, and provide
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It is not known precisely how many paintings Burian produced, with estimates ranging between 1000 and 20,000. Between 500 and 800 of his paintings were prehistoric reconstructions. In total, his illustrations were published in over 500 books, out of which approximately two dozen were on prehistory.
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dinosaurs tended to depict them as sluggish animals, in-line with conceptions at the time, his later (after c. 1970) sauropods show them as active and fully terrestrial animals. In some cases, Burian was the first to paint certain ideas about the behaviours of prehistoric life, such as scenes with
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Burian's palaeoartistic work was not limited to paintings of dinosaurs but depicted various prehistoric animals, as well as prehistoric plants and landscapes. He very rarely used the "overcrowded" format common in some historical palaeoart; this style pushed together several animal species into a
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Although Burian continued to paint artwork for adventure novels through most of his life and such art accounts for the greatest share of his output, he is for the most part only known internationally for his palaeontological and palaeoanthropological artwork. Burian is most well-known both in the
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Many Burian paintings have become celebrated images of palaeontology and palaeoanthropology. In his native Czech
Republic, his paintings are considered national treasures. Although he never achieved quite the same level of international recognition, Burian is sometimes regarded as a European
184:, who collaborated with Burian as a scientific advisor. Their collaboration resulted in Burian's work being used in a number of books on prehistoric life written by Augusta, culminating in a series of six great illustrated volumes published in 1956–1966, the most famous of which was
660:, as well as numerous magazine articles. In addition to several books published in Czechoslovakia, he produced paintings for various international books, including encyclopedias, textbooks, and children's books. The list below includes only the main works illustrated by Burian.
402:(1966). These large-format books were first only published in Czechoslovakia but eventually reached international publishers and garnered Burian popularity worldwide in countries such as Germany, France, England, Japan, and Italy. The American palaeontologist
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are depicted, it is usually just before any damage is done. There are several scenes where the animals, although depicted in a naturalistic manner, are imbued with personality, sympathy or antipathy, such as depictions of an old and lonely
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Only a few attempts have been made to collect Burian's artwork in modern books. In addition to the volumes listed below, some of Burian's palaeoart was featured along work by several other 'classic' palaeoartists in the 2017 art book
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In addition to painting prehistoric life out of personal interest and commissions, Burian saw his palaeoart as socially significant in that his paintings were used to spread scientific knowledge. Burian had a particular interest in
240:(i.e. 1918–1939), Burian became famous in Czechoslovakia as an illustrator of adventure novels and classic works. He collaborated with numerous publishers and illustrated Czech releases of the works of authors such as
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reused 130 paintings from the time of the earlier series of books by
Augusta, although many of them had never before been published, and also included 27 new oil paintings commissioned specifically for it.
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Following
Augusta's death in 1968, Burian collaborated with various other scientists. This later period of his career in palaeontological art also coincided with the discoveries and art trends of the
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that were still present in scholarship during much of his life; he is quoted to have said that further studies on human origins had the potential to "prove the absurdity of racist theories."
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Many of his paintings have reached an iconic status; they were extensively copied by later artists and influenced conceptions of dinosaurs and how they were depicted in popular culture.
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Františka died on 18 October 1979. Burian survived her by little over a year. He died on 1 July 1981 at the Na Františku hospital in Prague due to complications after surgery on the
188:(1956). After Augusta's death in 1968, Burian worked with numerous other scientists. He continued to produce artwork for further books, as well as for magazines and museums.
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artwork. The volume includes 412 illustrations (not just paintings but also other illustrations and sketches), encompassing all of Burian's known pre-Cenozoic palaeoart.
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were "pocket-sized", contrary to earlier books. Both reused many older images (often cropped due to their smaller format) but also included new artwork, with
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in Prague. The two were married on 14 February 1927. On 11 May that year, the couple had a daughter, Eva
Hochmanová Burianová. Burian and his family lived in
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After
Augusta's death, Burian worked with other scientists and illustrated four more main works on prehistoric life that were translated into English.
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714:, was being prepared in 1967–1968. Burian painted 17 new paintings for this book, though it was never completed due to Augusta's death early in 1968.
283:. In terms of style, Burian was very much influenced by artists of the nineteenth century and never leaned towards any particular artistic movement.
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Dinosaurs by the
Decades: A Chronology of the Dinosaur in Science and Popular Culture: A Chronology of the Dinosaur in Science and Popular Culture
212:. In his youth, Burian's talent for art was noticed by his art teacher A. P. Bartoň, who encouraged him to pursue further artistic education.
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The most well-known result of
Augusta and Burian's collaboration was a series of six great volumes on prehistoric life published by Atria;
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Burian began painting artwork depicting prehistoric life in the 1930s, the first completed painting being a 1935 piece depicting two
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Burian's first painting known to have been completed with the advice and oversight of Augusta was a 1938 oil painting depicting
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remains one of the most famous. Augusta approached Burian about collaborating after Burian illustrated the adventure novel
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Sarmiento, Esteban E.; Mowbray, Kenneth; Sawyer, Gary J.; Milner, Richard; Deak, Viktor; Tattersall, Ian (2007).
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362:. This painting, along with others, was published in the early 1940s in serials written by Augusta, called
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for his illustrations of novels, mainly adventure novels and classic works. His illustrations of the novel
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was named after him. The first validly described dinosaur found in the Czech Republic was in 2017 named
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in the series "The Worlds of Zdeněk Burian", a project headed by Ondřej Müller, Rostislav Walica, and
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Czech Republic and internationally for his oil paintings. In addition to these, he also produced many
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likewise included both earlier artwork and new palaeoanthropological art produced in the 1970s. Both
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956:"Eva Hochmanová Burianová: Zdeněk Burian – pravěk a dobrodružství. Vzpomínky na malíře lovců mamutů"
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in 1955, his designs served as the basis of the dinosaurs depicted in the Czech stop-motion film
326:. He is known to have been inspired to pursue palaeoart by the paintings of the American painter
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619:. It is possible that Burian's dinosaurs were among the inspirations for the original design of
815:. The series is slated to encompass six volumes, out of which four have so far been published.
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Since 2016, much of Burian's artwork has been collected and published in large Czech-language
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painting has been referred to as "the most valuable work in the entire history of palaeoart".
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as one of the three most influential books on prehistory published in the twentieth century.
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Prominent scientists with whom Burian collaborated and illustrated books after 1968 include
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reconstruction and he is regarded as one of the most influential palaeoartists of all time.
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A seventh volume in the series, an entirely palaeobotanical book with the working title
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One of the streets in Burian's home town of Kopřivnice is named after him. In 2000, the
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In 1919, Burian graduated from a municipal school and began an education in art at the
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Burian began his career as an illustrator in the 1920s and became famous in his native
1701:"DOBRODRUŽNÝ SVĚT ZDEŇKA BURIANA (prvá kniha zo šesťdielnej edície) – leetvanskee.com"
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Permian Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Robledo Mountain, New Mexico: Bulletin 12
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803:(2013), German-language art book collecting 230 of Burian's palaeoartistic paintings.
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1357:"Battle of the giants: Plants versus animals in idealised landscapes of 'deep time'"
513:(also in Prague). In 1956, they moved to Burian's most famous residence, a villa in
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in a "cemetery of its species" (painted in 1950) or a famous painting of a "heroic"
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Kong, Godzilla and the Living Earth: Gaian Environmentalism in Daikaiju Cinema
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Evolution of the Vertebrates: A History of the Backboned Animals Through Time
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Zdeněk Michael František Burian was born on 11 February 1905 in the town of
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In total, Burian illustrated around two dozen books on palaeontology and
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1172:"Zdeněk Burian je mistr detailu, říká galerista a sběratel Jiří Vybíral"
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1565:"A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic"
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840:(2022–), three-volume set of monographs collecting Burian's palaeoart.
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is one of the most widely used dinosaur paintings ever created. His
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915:. McFarland & Company, Publishers. pp. 95, 105–107, 254.
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Illustrated books on prehistoric life by other authors (1972–1980)
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The Last Human: A Guide to Twenty-two Species of Extinct Humans
1467:. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. p. 68.
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Between History and Archaeology: Papers in honour of Jacek Lech
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as an active and fast-moving creature, produced at a time when
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158:. Burian's artwork played a central role in the development of
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Palaeoartist's Handbook: Recreating prehistoric animals in art
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Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Saurians: A Historical Perspective
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Lucas, Spencer G.; Estep, John W.; Hoffer, Jerry M. (1998).
828:(2018), artwork produced for Jules Verne novels 1930s–1940s.
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featuring seven new gouaches and seven new oil paintings.
260:. Burian also illustrated books by Czech authors, such as
834:(2020), obscure and often never before published artwork.
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in Prague until 1928, when they moved to an apartment in
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In the summer of 1924, Burian met Františka Loudová near
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in the second half of the twentieth century include his
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Madzia, Daniel; Boyd, Clint A.; Mazuch, Martin (2017).
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Witton, Mark P. (2018). "The Classic Era: 1890–1970".
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Zdeněk Burian - Middle Paleolithic large color images
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Zdeněk Burian - Upper Paleolithic large color images
1410:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 435–436.
1261:Dinosaurs in Fantastic Fiction: A Thematic Survey
664:Illustrated books on prehistoric life written by
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1407:Articulating Dinosaurs: A Political Anthropology
1031:"Zdeněk Burian - Zdeněk Burian | autorská práva"
16:Czech painter, book illustrator and palaeoartist
912:Paleoimagery: The Evolution of Dinosaurs in Art
264:, as well as explorers and travellers, such as
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1142:"Prehistoric World of Zdeněk Burian, Volume 1"
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375:paintings for museums and other institutions.
1291:. Geological Society of London. p. 376.
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1063:. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. p. 463.
643:in honour of both Burian and Josef Augusta.
422:A display showing some of Burian's palaeoart
300:Collaboration with Josef Augusta (1937–1968)
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1208:"A Portrait of Czech Artist Zdenĕk Burian"
1057:Werra, Dagmara H.; Woźny, Marzena (2018).
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822:(2016), adventure novel artwork 1921–1947.
779:featuring sixteen new colour gouaches and
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909:Debus, Allen A.; Debus, Diane E. (2002).
870:(upcoming), palaeoanthropological artwork
794:Paleoart: Visions of the Prehistoric Past
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1834:Artists from the Margraviate of Moravia
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801:Die verlorenen Welten des Zdeněk Burian
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143:(11 February 1905 – 1 July 1981) was a
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844:I: Od vzniku Země po zánik dinosaurů
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364:The Wonders of the Prehistoric World
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1569:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
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1235:"Paleophilatelie.eu - Czech 1994"
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627:commemorated his 110th birthday.
372:Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia
858:II: Monstra Třetihor a Čtvrtohor
616:Journey to the Beginning of Time
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445:pterosaurs feeding their young.
1859:20th-century Czech male artists
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826:Podivuhodný svět Zdeňka Buriana
820:Dobrodružný svět Zdeňka Buriana
745:(1979), written by Josef Beneš.
452:, Josef Wolf, Josef Beneš, and
141:Zdeněk Michael František Burian
1552:Zdeněk Burian’s 110th Birthday
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832:Zapomenutý svět Zdeňka Buriana
769:Prehistoric Animals and Plants
743:Prehistoric Animals and Plants
739:(1978), written by Josef Wolf.
686:Prehistoric Reptiles and Birds
388:Prehistoric Reptiles and Birds
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1794:Zdenek Burian - Illustrations
1581:10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258
962:(in Czech). 21 September 2022
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291:paintings and line drawings.
1483:Reichenbach, Herman (2015).
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101:Academy of Fine Arts, Prague
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1849:20th-century Czech painters
1489:Archives of Natural History
838:Pravěký svět Zdeňka Buriana
652:Palaeoartistic illustration
370:). Prior to the end of the
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1611:Colbert, Edwin H. (1980).
1264:. McFarland. p. 133.
1007:"ZDENĚK BURIAN | O malíři"
787:Posthumous art collections
1789:Zdenek Burian memorabilia
1725:"Dobrodružná vyhlídka #8"
1440:. ABC-CLIO. p. 219.
1355:Vujaković, Peter (2019).
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1765:Gallery of 152 paintings
1525:Debus, Allen A. (2022).
1258:Debus, Allen A. (2006).
698:Prehistoric Sea Monsters
396:Prehistoric Sea Monsters
233:, was released in 1921.
1773:Gallery of 60 paintings
1829:People from Kopřivnice
1670:palaeo-electronica.org
1617:. Wiley. p. 471.
1361:Plants, People, Planet
1178:(in Czech). 2022-12-12
712:History of the Forests
640:Burianosaurus augustai
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414:Later work (1968–1981)
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312:, looking at Burian's
225:Robert Louis Stevenson
1501:10.3366/anh.2015.0301
1434:Moore, Randy (2014).
1404:Noble, Brian (2016).
1327:. The Crowood Press.
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196:Early life and career
1781:Zdenek Burian Museum
868:III: Cesta k Člověku
692:The Book of Mammoths
647:Partial bibliography
468:Palaeoartistic style
428:Dinosaur renaissance
392:The Book of Mammoths
356:being attacked by a
270:Alberto Vojtěch Frič
217:Academy of Fine Arts
110:Painter, illustrator
1854:Czech male painters
751:(1980), written by
729:(1972), written by
704:The Age of Monsters
674:Prehistoric Animals
489:(painted in 1970).
408:Prehistoric Animals
400:The Age of Monsters
380:Prehistoric Animals
336:The Mammoth Hunters
308:Burian (left) with
274:Enrique Stanko Vráz
186:Prehistoric Animals
171:The Mammoth Hunters
1839:Czech illustrators
1666:"Review: Paleoart"
1374:10.1002/ppp3.10058
1239:paleophilatelie.eu
777:Animals and Plants
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320:
1651:978-0-300-10047-1
1624:978-0-471-04966-1
1538:978-1-4766-4653-4
1447:978-0-313-39365-5
1417:978-1-4426-2705-5
1334:978-1-78500-462-9
1298:978-1-86239-311-0
1271:978-0-7864-2672-0
1070:978-1-78491-773-9
922:978-0-7864-1222-8
860:(upcoming 2024),
706:(1966), 23 plates
700:(1964), 21 plates
694:(1962), 19 plates
688:(1961), 39 plates
682:(1960), 52 plates
676:(1956), 60 plates
658:palaeonthropology
593:(1970). Burian's
558:Charles R. Knight
525:and rejected the
404:Stephen Jay Gould
359:Tyrannosaurus rex
328:Charles R. Knight
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126:Františka Loudová
115:Years active
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737:The Dawn of Man
727:Life Before Man
680:Prehistoric Man
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523:human evolution
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254:Rudyard Kipling
238:interwar period
210:Austria-Hungary
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1844:Paleoartists
1776:(in Russian)
1768:(in Russian)
1760:(in Russian)
1733:. Retrieved
1728:
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964:. Retrieved
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156:palaeoartist
140:
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72:(1981-07-01)
1824:1981 deaths
1819:1905 births
1729:albatros.cz
1146:albatros.cz
813:Ondrej Neff
668:(1956–1966)
635:7867 Burian
623:. In 2015,
591:Tarbosaurus
486:Tarbosaurus
458:pycnofibres
277: [
250:Jack London
242:Jules Verne
89:Nationality
70:1 July 1981
1813:Categories
1784:(in Czech)
1735:2023-03-03
1731:(in Czech)
1710:2023-03-03
1675:2023-03-01
1244:2023-03-01
1217:2023-03-02
1212:PragueLife
1182:2023-03-02
1152:2023-03-01
1148:(in Czech)
1040:2023-03-02
1016:2023-03-02
877:References
848:Palaeozoic
809:monographs
550:Kopřivnice
462:pterosaurs
266:Emil Holub
202:Kopřivnice
173:(1937) by
52:Kopřivnice
44:1905-02-11
1509:0260-9541
1391:199105318
1383:2572-2611
609:in 2005.
599:Iguanodon
581:Iguanodon
570:Trachodon
480:Iguanodon
406:assessed
352:Trachodon
346:in 1937.
315:Iguanodon
295:Palaeoart
230:Kidnapped
118:1921–1981
1589:90008574
864:artwork.
862:Cenozoic
852:Mesozoic
846:(2022),
621:Godzilla
583:(1950),
579:(1941),
573:(1938),
507:Vršovice
503:Vyšehrad
442:sauropod
394:(1962),
390:(1961),
386:(1960),
382:(1956),
246:Karl May
131:Children
966:2 March
289:gouache
236:In the
206:Moravia
148:painter
56:Moravia
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540:Legacy
515:Podolí
511:Žižkov
318:(1950)
272:, and
256:, and
221:Prague
123:Spouse
78:Prague
1585:S2CID
1387:S2CID
567:with
342:) by
281:]
145:Czech
92:Czech
1646:ISBN
1619:ISBN
1533:ISBN
1505:ISSN
1442:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1379:ISSN
1329:ISBN
1293:ISBN
1266:ISBN
1065:ISBN
968:2023
960:Plus
917:ISBN
850:and
771:and
154:and
67:Died
38:Born
1753:Gal
1577:doi
1497:doi
1369:doi
781:Man
460:on
227:'s
219:in
208:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
