433:
53:
33:
1566:
528:
Phylogeography, using chloroplast and mitochondrial markers, has mostly focused on the
Quaternary and the influence of the cycles of glaciation on species distribution and structure. Phylogeography has, however, also been used to document more ancient patterns, with some of them presumably dating
466:
is endemic to Crete (Greece); it has a fragmentary distribution in the four main mountain regions of Crete (Lefka Ori, Psiloritis, Dikti and
Thrypti), between 900 and 1800 m above sea level, which corresponds to the upper timberline. It grows mainly on north-facing slopes or in and around rocky
1376:
Fineschi, S.; Anzidei, M.; Cafasso, D.; Cozzolino, S.; Garfi, G.; Pastorelli, R.; Salvini, D.; Taurchini, D.; Vendramin, G.G. (2002). "Molecular markers reveal a strong genetic differentiation between two
European relic tree species:
501:
taxa are currently in cultivation and in botanic gardens or arboreta, relatively few collections are known to be from wild sourced material or known in the countries of their natural distribution.
597:. The most desired drums are hollowed out of a trunk of a zelkova tree, but in many cases, the drum is fashioned from staves of keyaki wood, using the same method as when constructing a barrel.
564:
presently grow. It aimed to assess the diversity within and among species using DNA from two cellular compartments that have different modes of inheritance and trace different histories.
336:
1420:
Fukatsu, E.; Watanabe, A.; Nakada, R.; Isoda, K.; Hirao, T.; Ubukata, M.; Koyama, Y.; Kodani, J.; Saito, M.; Miyamoto, N.; Takahashi, M. (2012). "Phylogeographical structure in
529:
as far back as the early
Miocene. The retrieval of ancient patterns may be specific to tree species, which are assumed to evolve more slowly than herbaceous plants and shrubs.
325:
440:
Today, the genus comprises six species with disjunct distribution patterns: three in eastern Asia , one in southwestern Asia and two on the
Mediterranean islands of Sicily (
552:
L and internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2), was the first to use a wide sampling of natural populations from nearly all the disjunct regions where
456:(Ett.) Kov. — Lozenets, Kurilo, Chukurovo in Sofia Region, Dospey in Samokov Region, Pernik, Pirin Mine in Blagoevgrad Region, Bobov Dol in Kyustendil Region;
1264:
Magri, D.; Di Rita, F.; Palombo, M.R. (2010). "An early
Pleistocene interglacial record from an intermontane basin of central Italy (Scoppito, L'Aquila)".
432:
1044:
1471:
Christe, Camille; Kozlowski, Gregor; Frey, David; BĂ©trisey, SĂ©bastien; Maharramova, Elmira; Garfi, Giuseppe; Pirintsos, Stergios; Naciri, Yamama (2014).
1074:
Schönswetter, P.; Stehlik, I.; Holderegger, R.; Tribsch, A. (2005). "Molecular evidence for glacial refugia of mountain plants in the
European Alps".
1758:
540:, but these studies had small sample sizes or weak representation of wild populations. A more comprehensive phylogeographical analysis, based on
1797:
764:
Fineschi, S.; Cozzolino, S.; Migliaccio, M.; Vendramin, G.G. (2004). "Genetic variation of relic tree species: the case of
Mediterranean
1846:
911:
Kozlowski, Gregor; Frey, David; Fazan, L.; Egli, B.; BĂ©trisey, SĂ©bastien; Gratzfeld, J.; Garfi, Giuseppe; Pirintsos, Stergios (2014).
874:
Burnham, R.J. (1986). "Foliar morphological analysis of the
Ulmoideae (Ulmaceae) from the early Tertiary of western North America".
1706:
429:
were important elements of the vast forests that prevailed throughout the
Northern Hemisphere during much of the Cenozoic Period.
1771:
1719:
277:
1776:
448:
date from the early Eocene (55 million years ago) in western North America, where the genus is extinct today. In Bulgaria,
1207:
RodrĂguez-Sánchez, F.; Guzmán, B.; Valido, A.; Vargas, P.; Arroyo, J. (2009). "Late Neogene history of the laurel tree (
533:
trees live for centuries, which is a good indication that ancient patterns might be recovered using molecular markers.
1028:
705:
641:
meaning 'rock' or 'stone' The tree was often used for making rock-hard and durable bars for building and furniture.
1576:
1802:
1745:
1336:"Small does not mean young: age estimation of severely browsed trees in anthropogenic Mediterranean landscapes"
1129:
L., a presumptive keystone species of western Mediterranean vegetation during cold stages of the Pleistocene".
509:
are the two taxa considered to be at most risk of extinction (Critically Endangered and Vulnerable). These two
1864:
264:
flowers are solitary, or rarely in clusters of two to four, in the upper leaf axils of young branchlets. The
1784:
1172:
Petit, R.J.; Hampe, A.; Cheddadi, R. (2005). "Climate changes and tree phylogeography in the Mediterranean".
233:
1125:
Terrab, A.; Schönswetter, P.; Talavera, S.; Vela, E.; Stuessy, T.F. (2008). "Range-wide phylogeography of
1646:
1641:
1698:
1685:
717:
Follieri, M., Magri, D., & Sadori, L. (1986). Late Pleistocene Zelkova Extinction in Central Italy.
381:
1859:
467:
river-beds and gullies which remain moist during dry summers. The species is highly endangered through
1724:
513:
species are the two with the most restricted natural distribution—both are small island endemics. The
1812:
1536:
52:
1570:
1211:
L., Lauraceae) based on phylogeographical analyses of Mediterranean and Macaronesian populations".
1851:
1918:
1693:
228:
at each node, though these are caducous (shed early), leaving a pair of scars at the leaf base.
1838:
1680:
1594:
1763:
1833:
1312:
468:
366:
1825:
1491:
1437:
1350:
1273:
1220:
1138:
1083:
781:
618:
306:
8:
1495:
1441:
1354:
1277:
1224:
1142:
1087:
785:
224:
and each vein extends to the leaf margin, where it terminates in a tooth. There are two
1885:
1547:
1507:
1453:
1402:
1316:
1246:
1189:
1107:
1001:
479:
217:) a symmetrical base to the leaf blade. The leaves are in two distinct rows; they have
47:
1334:
Fazan, L.; Stoffel, M.; Frey, D.J.; Stoffel, M.; Pirintsos, S.; Kozlowski, G. (2012).
1820:
1654:
1632:
1472:
1232:
1154:
1099:
1095:
1024:
859:
834:
701:
626:
614:
221:
168:
1511:
1406:
1335:
1320:
1250:
1111:
1005:
734:
189:, native to southern Europe, and southwest and eastern Asia. They vary in size from
1913:
1890:
1659:
1499:
1457:
1445:
1394:
1358:
1308:
1281:
1236:
1228:
1181:
1146:
1091:
991:
928:
854:
812:
789:
483:
294:
153:
1362:
1299:
Petit, R.J.; Hampe, A. (2006). "Some evolutionary consequences of being a tree".
1285:
793:
580:
314:
281:
90:
1789:
1150:
1057:
452:
fossils were found in Paleogene and Neogene layers in the following locations:
358:
350:
253:
77:
1449:
1398:
933:
912:
1907:
1617:
418:
319:
261:
952:(Ulmaceae), a threatened endemic tree species from the mountains of Crete".
843:) as inferred from leaf morphology, ITS sequence data and the fossil record"
1877:
1473:"Footprints of past intensive diversification and structuring in the genus
1158:
1103:
816:
587:
is hard, used for making furniture. In Japan, the wood of the keyaki, or
444:
Di Pasq., Garfi & Quézel) and Crete . The oldest fossils attributed to
354:– Sicilian zelkova (Sicily, Italy in 2 locations: Bosco Pisano and Ciranna)
1732:
1626:
491:
411:
269:
249:
1193:
996:
975:
536:
A few phylogenetic and biogeographical studies have been carried out on
1711:
1241:
917:(Ulmaceae): distribution, population structure and conservation status"
722:
425:, and in eastern Asia where only local glaciation occurred. Species of
414:
406:
was common throughout northern Europe and North America as late as the
257:
1737:
1503:
1667:
1185:
1073:
218:
210:
202:
179:
1588:
763:
1872:
1611:
1206:
897:. Vol. III. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. p. 155.
622:
422:
407:
245:
186:
136:
103:
32:
1750:
1672:
980:(Ulmaceae) in Crete: floristics, ecology, propagation and threats"
225:
126:
670:
de Spoelberch, P. (1994). Zelkova: More questions than answers.
310:– Caucasian zelkova (Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran)
1565:
1375:
1019:
Phitos, D.; Strid, A.; Snogerup, S.; Greuter, W., eds. (1995).
748:
Tertiäre Vegetationsgeschichte Europas. Methoden und Ergebnisse
237:
116:
1124:
593:
494:; the natural mature size of undamaged specimens is unknown.
487:
299:
273:
265:
190:
175:
64:
1470:
584:
417:
has confined the genus to its present range to the eastern
241:
206:
182:
1419:
1018:
486:(Bosco Pisano and Ciranna) comprise a small number of low
280:
keel, produced singly in the leaf axils. The perianth and
1021:
The red data book of rare and threatened plants of Greece
214:
1581:– an ancient tree: Global status and conservation action
201:). The bark is smooth, dark brown. Unlike the elms, the
1333:
910:
471:
and destruction, overgrazing, fire and water stress.
197:) to large trees up to 35 m (115 ft) tall (
1301:
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
948:
Egli, B. (1997). "A project for the preservation of
811:. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America.
1263:
1171:
1064:Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI)
1905:
973:
657:Andrews, S. (1994). Tree of the year: Zelkova.
969:
967:
895:Flora of Bulgaria: Salicaceae Đ´Đľ Amaranthaceae
1428:using the polymorphisms of chloroplast DNA".
1385:Di Pasquale, Garfi & Quezél (Ulmaceae)".
906:
904:
460:Berger — Pirin Mine in Blagoevgrad Region.
318:– Keyaki or Japanese zelkova (Japan, Korea,
1577:Gregor Kozlowski, Joachim Gratzfeld et al.
964:
772:Di Pasquale, Garfi and Quézel (Ulmaceae)".
478:, only discovered in 1991, is listed as an
287:
1523:
1521:
1298:
759:
757:
31:
1240:
995:
932:
901:
858:
832:
664:
1313:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110215
892:
847:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
690:
683:Hunt, D. (1994). Beware of the Zelkova.
431:
240:flowers are clustered in the lower leaf
1518:
1464:
873:
828:
826:
754:
567:
1906:
806:
651:
517:with the widest natural distribution,
1593:
1592:
482:. The two known populations close to
1813:4cbfbb66-6e07-44fb-b85a-c7f9b0907b6b
1477:(Ulmaceae) in south-western Eurasia"
1424:in Japan and phylogeny in the genus
1037:
974:Søndergaard, P.; Egli, B.R. (2006).
947:
823:
735:History of North American Vegetation
745:
677:
13:
1527:Kozlowski, Gratzfeld et al., p. 13
727:
14:
1930:
1558:
1131:Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution
609:derives from the native name of
591:is used for making drums, called
213:margins, and (unlike the related
1865:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332073-2
1564:
1233:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02091.x
1096:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02683.x
860:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2005.00354.x
809:GSA geologic time scale (v. 4.0)
750:. Jena, Germany: Gustav Fischer.
51:
1541:
1530:
1413:
1369:
1327:
1292:
1257:
1200:
1165:
1118:
1067:
1051:
1012:
941:
886:
867:
835:"Phylogeny and biogeography of
637:meaning 'bar' or 'pillar', and
525:in botanic garden collections
205:are never corky or winged. The
1023:. Athens, Greece: WWF Greece.
833:Denk, T.; Grimm, G.W. (2005).
800:
739:
711:
252:, with four to six (to seven)
1:
1537:Furniture maker: Dennis Young
876:Palaeontographica Abteilung B
774:Forest Ecology and Management
644:
370:– Schneider's zelkova (China)
256:, and the stamens are short.
1363:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.04.026
1286:10.1016/j.quaint.2009.04.005
893:Jordanov, Daki, ed. (1966).
794:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.018
600:
7:
1151:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.03.018
698:Trees of Britain and Europe
685:Int. Dendrol. Soc. Yearbook
672:Int. Dendrol. Soc. Yearbook
659:Int. Dendrol. Soc. Yearbook
10:
1935:
913:"The Tertiary relict tree
521:, is also the most common
397:
322:in Russia, Taiwan, China)
1601:
1450:10.1007/s10592-012-0358-6
934:10.1017/s0030605312001275
362:– Chinese zelkova (China)
244:of young branchlets; the
48:Scientific classification
46:
39:
30:
23:
1266:Quaternary International
733:Flora of North America:
382:Zelkova Ă— verschaffeltii
288:Species and distribution
1484:Journal of Biogeography
1399:10.1023/A:1015222230887
1343:Biological Conservation
1213:Journal of Biogeography
174:, 'stone pillar') is a
817:10.1130/2012.CTS004R3C
696:Rushforth, K. (1999).
490:suffering from severe
437:
1834:Paleobiology Database
1430:Conservation Genetics
1387:Conservation Genetics
807:Walker, J.D. (2012).
497:Whilst all the known
474:The Sicilian Zelkova
469:habitat fragmentation
435:
410:. However, extensive
367:Zelkova schneideriana
1573:at Wikimedia Commons
1381:(Lam.) Boissier and
768:(Lam.) Boissier and
619:Kartvelian languages
568:Cultivation and uses
385:– Cut-leaf zelkova (
307:Zelkova carpinifolia
209:are alternate, with
1496:2014JBiog..41.1081C
1442:2012ConG...13.1109F
1355:2012BCons.153...97F
1278:2010QuInt.225..106M
1225:2009JBiog..36.1270R
1143:2008MolPE..48...94T
1127:Juniperus thurifera
1088:2005MolEc..14.3547S
997:10.3372/wi.36.36126
786:2004ForEM.197..273F
746:Mai, D.H. (1995).
625:, as shown by the
480:endangered species
438:
298:– Cretan zelkova (
185:in the elm family
178:of six species of
1901:
1900:
1821:Open Tree of Life
1595:Taxon identifiers
1569:Media related to
1504:10.1111/jbi.12276
1082:(11): 3547–3555.
1076:Molecular Ecology
1058:Global Survey of
721:103 (1): 269–273
633:, from the words
615:Georgian language
458:Zelkova praelonga
284:are persistent.
160:
159:
156:
1926:
1894:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1867:
1855:
1854:
1842:
1841:
1829:
1828:
1816:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1793:
1792:
1790:NHMSYS0000465228
1780:
1779:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1727:
1715:
1714:
1702:
1701:
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1637:
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1622:
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1620:
1590:
1589:
1568:
1552:
1545:
1539:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1490:(6): 1081–1093.
1481:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1436:(4): 1109–1118.
1417:
1411:
1410:
1379:Zelkova abelicea
1373:
1367:
1366:
1340:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1244:
1219:(7): 1270–1281.
1204:
1198:
1197:
1186:10.2307/25065568
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1116:
1115:
1071:
1065:
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1041:
1035:
1034:
1016:
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1009:
999:
978:Zelkova abelicea
971:
962:
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950:Zelkova abelicea
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939:
938:
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915:Zelkova abelicea
908:
899:
898:
890:
884:
883:
871:
865:
864:
862:
830:
821:
820:
804:
798:
797:
780:(1–3): 273–278.
766:Zelkova abelicea
761:
752:
751:
743:
737:
731:
725:
715:
709:
694:
688:
681:
675:
668:
662:
655:
581:ornamental trees
464:Zelkova abelicea
421:islands and the
295:Zelkova abelicea
152:
56:
55:
35:
21:
20:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1801:
1796:
1788:
1783:
1775:
1770:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1710:
1705:
1697:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1671:
1666:
1658:
1653:
1645:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1597:
1586:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1549:Zelkova serrata
1546:
1542:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1519:
1479:
1469:
1465:
1422:Zelkova serrata
1418:
1414:
1374:
1370:
1338:
1332:
1328:
1297:
1293:
1262:
1258:
1205:
1201:
1170:
1166:
1123:
1119:
1072:
1068:
1060:Ex situ Zelkova
1056:
1052:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1017:
1013:
972:
965:
946:
942:
909:
902:
891:
887:
872:
868:
831:
824:
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728:
719:New Phytologist
716:
712:
695:
691:
682:
678:
669:
665:
656:
652:
647:
611:Z. carpinifolia
603:
577:Z. carpinifolia
573:Zelkova serrata
570:
558:Z. carpinifolia
400:
387:Z. carpinifolia
338:Zelkova serrata
327:Zelkova serrata
315:Zelkova serrata
290:
199:Z. carpinifolia
151:
50:
41:Zelkova serrata
17:
12:
11:
5:
1932:
1922:
1921:
1919:Rosales genera
1916:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:wfo-4000041177
1882:
1869:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1817:
1807:
1794:
1781:
1768:
1755:
1742:
1729:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1677:
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1607:
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1559:External links
1557:
1554:
1553:
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1517:
1463:
1412:
1393:(2): 145–153.
1368:
1326:
1291:
1272:(1): 106–113.
1256:
1199:
1180:(4): 877–885.
1164:
1117:
1066:
1050:
1046:Zelkova sicula
1036:
1029:
1011:
963:
940:
900:
885:
866:
853:(2): 129–157.
822:
799:
753:
738:
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710:
689:
676:
663:
649:
648:
646:
643:
621:spoken in the
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599:
569:
566:
454:Zelkova ungeri
442:Zelkova sicula
436:Autumn foliage
399:
396:
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372:
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359:Zelkova sinica
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351:Zelkova sicula
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1187:
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1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1137:(1): 94–102.
1136:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1113:
1109:
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1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
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1030:9789607506047
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922:
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848:
844:
842:
841:sensu stricto
838:
829:
827:
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803:
795:
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783:
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775:
771:
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749:
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736:
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724:
720:
714:
707:
706:0-00-220013-9
703:
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693:
686:
680:
673:
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660:
654:
650:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
617:– one of the
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582:
579:are grown as
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419:Mediterranean
416:
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320:Kuril Islands
317:
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297:
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285:
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279:
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262:hermaphrodite
259:
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78:Tracheophytes
76:
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45:
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34:
29:
26:
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1134:
1130:
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1120:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1059:
1053:
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1020:
1014:
987:
983:
977:
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953:
949:
943:
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920:
914:
894:
888:
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875:
869:
850:
846:
840:
836:
808:
802:
777:
773:
769:
765:
747:
741:
729:
718:
713:
697:
692:
687:1993: 33–41.
684:
679:
674:1993: 30–33.
671:
666:
661:1993: 11-30.
658:
653:
638:
634:
630:
610:
606:
604:
592:
588:
576:
572:
571:
561:
557:
553:
549:
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401:
390:
386:
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365:
357:
349:
341:
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326:
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305:
293:
229:
198:
194:
171:
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161:
147:
146:
110:
97:
84:
71:
40:
24:
18:
1733:iNaturalist
1627:Wikispecies
1307:: 187–214.
1242:10261/65203
1062:collections
990:: 317–322.
984:Willdenowia
700:. Collins.
554:Z. abelicea
507:Z. abelicea
492:overgrazing
412:Pleistocene
342:tarokoensis
250:campanulate
91:Angiosperms
1908:Categories
1349:: 97–100.
960:: 505–510.
882:: 135–167.
839:(Ulmaceae
645:References
589:Z. serrata
519:Z. serrata
415:glaciation
402:The genus
391:Z. serrata
302:in Greece)
268:is a dry,
258:Pistillate
234:polygamous
203:branchlets
167:(from the
1383:Z. sicula
927:: 80–87.
770:Z. sicula
605:The name
601:Etymology
562:Z. sicula
503:Z. sicula
476:Z. sicula
238:Staminate
195:Z. sicula
180:deciduous
61:Kingdom:
1878:40028279
1873:Tropicos
1751:332073-2
1612:Wikidata
1512:22408936
1407:41755481
1321:26333959
1251:45076431
1194:25065568
1159:18439840
1112:25027987
1104:16156822
1006:86160345
954:Bocconea
723:Abstract
627:Georgian
623:Caucasus
484:Syracuse
423:Caucasus
408:Pliocene
246:perianth
226:stipules
222:venation
211:serrated
187:Ulmaceae
169:Georgian
137:Ulmaceae
133:Family:
104:Eudicots
1914:Zelkova
1764:1025523
1712:2984531
1633:Zelkova
1618:Q187454
1603:Zelkova
1579:Zelkova
1571:Zelkova
1492:Bibcode
1475:Zelkova
1458:9935085
1438:Bibcode
1426:Zelkova
1351:Bibcode
1274:Bibcode
1221:Bibcode
1139:Bibcode
1084:Bibcode
837:Zelkova
782:Bibcode
631:dzelkva
613:in the
607:Zelkova
594:wadaiko
583:. The
538:Zelkova
531:Zelkova
523:Zelkova
515:Zelkova
511:Zelkova
499:Zelkova
450:Zelkova
446:Zelkova
427:Zelkova
404:Zelkova
398:Ecology
375:Hybrids
331:serrata
276:with a
230:Zelkova
219:pinnate
172:dzelkva
164:Zelkova
148:Zelkova
143:Genus:
127:Rosales
123:Order:
65:Plantae
25:Zelkova
1852:ZELKO8
1847:PLANTS
1826:762464
1810:NZOR:
1777:500618
1738:129056
1699:135278
1686:135278
1647:254676
1510:
1456:
1405:
1319:
1249:
1209:Laurus
1192:
1157:
1110:
1102:
1043:IUCN:
1027:
1004:
704:
635:dzeli,
629:name,
488:shrubs
282:stigma
278:dorsal
272:-like
207:leaves
191:shrubs
117:Rosids
1839:56210
1803:45186
1759:IRMNG
1725:13023
1673:1ZELG
1660:63WXW
1508:S2CID
1480:(PDF)
1454:S2CID
1403:S2CID
1339:(PDF)
1317:S2CID
1247:S2CID
1190:JSTOR
1174:Taxon
1108:S2CID
1002:S2CID
340:var.
329:var.
300:Crete
274:drupe
266:fruit
254:lobes
242:axils
183:trees
176:genus
154:Spach
111:Clade
98:Clade
85:Clade
72:Clade
1860:POWO
1798:NCBI
1772:ITIS
1746:IPNI
1720:GRIN
1707:GBIF
1668:EPPO
1642:BOLD
1155:PMID
1100:PMID
1025:ISBN
921:Oryx
702:ISBN
585:wood
575:and
560:and
505:and
260:and
215:elms
1886:WFO
1785:NBN
1694:FoC
1681:FNA
1655:CoL
1500:doi
1446:doi
1395:doi
1359:doi
1347:153
1309:doi
1282:doi
1270:225
1237:hdl
1229:doi
1182:doi
1147:doi
1092:doi
992:doi
929:doi
880:201
855:doi
851:147
813:doi
790:doi
778:197
639:kva
550:trn
548:A,
546:psb
542:trn
270:nut
248:is
232:is
1910::
1888::
1875::
1862::
1849::
1836::
1823::
1800::
1787::
1774::
1761::
1748::
1735::
1722::
1709::
1696::
1683::
1670::
1657::
1644::
1629::
1614::
1520:^
1506:.
1498:.
1488:41
1486:.
1482:.
1452:.
1444:.
1434:13
1432:.
1401:.
1389:.
1357:.
1345:.
1341:.
1315:.
1305:37
1303:.
1280:.
1268:.
1245:.
1235:.
1227:.
1217:36
1215:.
1188:.
1178:54
1176:.
1153:.
1145:.
1135:48
1133:.
1106:.
1098:.
1090:.
1080:14
1078:.
1000:.
988:36
986:.
982:.
966:^
956:.
925:48
923:.
919:.
903:^
878:.
849:.
845:.
825:^
788:.
776:.
756:^
556:,
544:H–
389:Ă—
236:.
113::
100::
87::
74::
1514:.
1502::
1494::
1460:.
1448::
1440::
1409:.
1397::
1391:3
1365:.
1361::
1353::
1323:.
1311::
1288:.
1284::
1276::
1253:.
1239::
1231::
1223::
1196:.
1184::
1161:.
1149::
1141::
1114:.
1094::
1086::
1033:.
1008:.
994::
976:"
958:5
937:.
931::
863:.
857::
819:.
815::
796:.
792::
784::
708:.
393:)
193:(
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