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Zvezda (ISS module)

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The agencies have said that if the leaks reach an untenable level, they plan to close the hatch leading to the tunnel, however that would result in the loss of the docking port. Internally, NASA has classified the leaks as a high-risk threat to spaceflight activities, potentially leading to "catastrophic failure." However, Roscosmos has expressed confidence in their ability to monitor the leak and close the hatch before it becomes unmanageable.
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diameter window in the main Working Compartment (No. 9), and one 7.5 cm (3.0 in) diameter window in the aft transfer compartment (No. 10). There are a further three 22.5 cm (8.9 in) diameter windows in the forward end of the forward transfer compartment (No. 12, 13 and 14), for observing approaching craft. Window No. 11 is unaccounted for in all available sources.
686:(Roscosmos) and the NASA ISS Program Office monitored construction, solved language and security concerns and ensured flight readiness and crew training. Several years of delay were encountered due to funding constraints between Roscosmos and RKK Energia requiring repeated delays in First Element Launch. 801:
to a docking port used by Progress cargo spacecraft. The leak rate has increased from initially less than 1 pound (0.45 kg) per day to 3.7 pounds (1.7 kg) per day as of April 2024. While both NASA and Roscosmos suspect internal or external welds, the root cause of the leaks remains unknown.
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has 14 windows. There are two 22.5 cm (8.9 in) diameter windows, one in each of the two crew sleep compartments (windows No. 1 and 2), six 22.5 cm (8.9 in) diameter windows (No. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) on the forward Transfer Compartment earth-facing floor, a 40 cm (16 in)
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consists of the cylindrical "Work Compartment" where the crews work and live (and which makes up the bulk of the module's volume), the small spherical "Transfer Compartment" located at the front (with three docking ports), and at the aft end the cylindrical "Transfer Chamber" (with one docking port)
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oxygen-generating system, which required frequent repairs by cosmonauts due to the inability to replace it. Zvezda's 78.74-centimetre-wide (31.00 in) hatch and the lack of available replacement Elektron units hindered the replacement process. The discontinuation of Elektron production further
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The Zvezda module inherited a limitation from its predecessor Mir and Salyut stations rooted in a Soviet spacecraft design philosophy favoring the permanent installation of critical hardware. This approach, while providing more internal living space by concealing systems behind closed panels,
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introduced a 10 Mbit/s Ethernet network to the ISS ), electrical power distribution, a data processing system, a flight control system, and a propulsion system. These quarters and some, but not all, systems have since been supplemented by additional ISS components.
634:(CBM), have 51-inch-wide (130 cm) hatches that accommodate the movement of these racks between modules and spacecraft. Consequently, broken or unfixable hardware on Zvezda remains permanently in place. A notable example is the pre-installed 574:
and the waste water can be used for drinking in an emergency, but ordinarily fresh water from Earth is used. The Elektron system has required significant maintenance work, having failed several times and requiring the crew to use the
519:" is located on the Zvezda service module near the aft or rear of the International Space Station on this Assembly Compartment. The "Transfer Chamber" is equipped with automatic docking equipment and is used to service 541:, a kitchen equipped with a refrigerator/freezer and a table, a bicycle for exercise, a toilet and other hygiene facilities. The crew's wastewater and condensation water pulled out of the cabin air is recycled. 4612: 606:
thrusters that are 2-axis mounted and can be gimballed 5°. The thrusters are pressure-fed from four tanks with a total capacity of 860 kg. The oxidizer used for the propulsion system is
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four docking ports in total. The component weighs about 18,051 kg (39,796 lb) and has a length of 13.1 m (43 ft). The solar panels extend 29.7 m (97 ft).
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Management and integration of the Service Module into the International Space Station began in 1991. Structural construction was performed by
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module has been experiencing a worsening air leak. The source appears to be microscopic structural cracks within the small tunnel connecting
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The "Assembly Compartment" holds external equipment such as thrusters, thermometers, antennas, and propellant tanks. The large movable "
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can be used to raise the station's altitude. This was done on 25 April 2007. This was the first time the engines had been fired since
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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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removed a hatch after closing a few that connected the compartment to the rest of the station. It was used only during
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stations. The space frame was completed in February 1985 and major internal equipment was installed by October 1986.
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contrasts with the US Orbital Segment's (USOS) strategy of using easily replaceable 41.3-inch-wide (105 cm)
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exacerbated this issue. In October 2020, the Elektron system malfunctioned again, leading to its deactivation.
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can support up to six crew including separate sleeping quarters for two cosmonauts at a time. It also has a
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has been criticised for being excessively noisy and the crew has been observed wearing earplugs inside it.
294:(USOS), as well as living quarters for two crew members. It is the structural and functional center of the 3471: 3317: 3302: 2724: 2475: 1949: 283: 88: 77: 671:
restaurants, for which they are reported to have paid more than US$ 1 million. The money helped support
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for quite some time in the factory. Its design lineage thus extends back to the original
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was launched with no backup and no insurance. Due to this risk, NASA had constructed an
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The Service Module has 16 small thrusters as well as two large 3,070-newton (690 lb
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is also the home of the Lada Greenhouse, which is a test for growing plants in space.
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provided early living quarters, a life support system, a communication system (
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Grand tour of the International Space Station with Drew and Luca | Single take
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from the air based on the use of regenerable absorbers of carbon dioxide gas.
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which is surrounded by the unpressurized "Assembly Compartment" – this gives
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part of the ISS. Crew assemble here to deal with emergencies on the station.
244: 95: 47: 3297: 2016:"Oxygen supply system deactivated in Russian ISS section due to malfunction" 614:, the supply tanks being pressurised with nitrogen. The two main engines on 5004: 4849: 4787: 4717: 4484: 4408: 4359: 4336: 4311: 4276: 4251: 4212: 4192: 4172: 4147: 4110: 4080: 4055: 3944: 3934: 3888: 3877: 3867: 3835: 3815: 3760: 3740: 1871:"COSMONAUTS PERFORM LONGEST RUSSIAN SPACEWALK TO UPGRADE HIGH-GAIN ANTENNA" 1298: 1286: 1280: 900: 892: 888: 826: 698: 468: 464: 306: 3070: 1993: 1664: 5260: 5215: 5193: 5182: 5049: 5044: 5008: 4928: 4902: 4875: 4781: 4733: 4667: 4604: 4162: 4105: 4100: 4045: 3960: 3899: 3780: 3730: 3669: 3160: 3155: 3150: 2074: 1340: 1334: 1083: 876: 2427: 1826: 693:
became the third component of the ISS when it docked at the aft port of
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system that electrolyzes condensed humidity and waste water to provide
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Departing Space Station Commander Provides Tour of Orbital Laboratory
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Sprouts in the BIO-5 Rasteniya-2/Lada-2 (Plants-2) experiment aboard
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and the Russian advertising agencies that orchestrated the event.
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was for it to be deorbited on 23 July 2021 and replaced by
143: 501:(Multipurpose Laboratory Module) docking on 29 July 2021. 376: 4553: 887:, external speakers for a laptop computer, a picture of 313:, with major sub-contracting work by GKNPTs Khrunichev. 758:
for the first time, at 05:20 UTC on 12 September 2000.
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space station was redesigned after the failure of the
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Russian components of the International Space Station
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William Ivancic; Terry Bell; Dan Shell (April 2002).
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handed over ISS commanding functions to computers on
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Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center
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launch vehicle on 12 July 2000, and docked with the
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ISS and STS Commercial Off-The-Shelf Router Testing
1585:"International Space Station Status Report #06-7" 5363: 2097:"Pizza Hut Puts Pie in the Sky with Rocket Logo" 2407:"Soyuz Move Sets Stage for Arrival of New Crew" 1909: 1166:Soyuz TMA-7 arrives at ISS. It was docked with 447:module, and has docking ports intended for the 338:DOS spacecraft, leading to the alternate name, 2798: 2146:"The International Space Station is 10 today!" 2099:. Space.com. 30 September 1999. Archived from 659:The rocket used for launch to the ISS carried 189:Habitable: 46.7 m (1,650 cu ft) 4539: 3283: 3004: 2459: 1727:(video). NASA. Event occurs at 17.46-18.26. 1986:"Space station benefits from a wide opening" 1721:Williams, Sunita (presenter) (3 July 2015). 16:"DOS-8" redirects here. For other uses, see 1915: 883:with music playback software, a picture of 443:The "Transfer Compartment" attaches to the 4546: 4532: 3290: 3276: 3011: 2997: 2466: 2452: 2363: 2198:"Proton Set to Make Pizza Delivery to ISS" 2123:"Proton Set to Make Pizza Delivery to ISS" 2115: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1684: 1682: 207: 36: 23:Russian International Space Station module 2089: 1657: 1170:in 2006, but also spent time docked with 1012:Service Module being manufactured at the 726:crew completed final connections between 719:On 11 September 2000, two members of the 539:Treadmill with Vibration Isolation System 380:space station. It was in fact labeled as 1749: 1587:. NASA. 17 February 2006. Archived from 1551:. NASA. 22 February 2007. Archived from 1181: 1161: 1149: 859: 646: 642: 503: 290:, some of which are supplemented in the 239: 224: 2400: 2398: 1802: 1750:Roylance, Frank D. (11 November 2000). 1679: 708:). Later in July, the computers aboard 5364: 2707:Window Observational Research Facility 2404: 2343: 2317: 2067:"Oxygen problems plague space station" 1785: 4527: 3271: 2992: 2447: 2143: 1731:from the original on 22 December 2021 925:Crewmembers celebrating Christmas in 583:", which were the cause of a fire on 517:Lira satellite communications antenna 3018: 2395: 1690:"ISS Elements Service Module Zvezda" 628:International Standard Payload Racks 4485:Sierra Nevada Dream Chaser (future) 1786:Stofer, Kathryn (29 October 2013). 895:, a spaceplane model, a picture of 777:Due to Russian financial problems, 305:The module was manufactured in the 275:'star'), also known as the 13: 2318:Berger, Eric (27 September 2024). 1158:firing thrusters while approaching 867:aft. Items in the image include a 630:. USOS modules, connected via the 14: 5393: 2421: 2144:Geere, Duncan (2 November 2010). 479:port. The lower port connects to 186:75 m (2,600 cu ft) 3470: 3069: 2973: 2972: 2909:Centrifuge Accommodations Module 2782: 2369: 2282: 2258: 2234: 2210: 1938: 1883: 1775: 1710: 1609: 1573: 1537: 1515: 1125: 1102: 1090: 1071: 1052: 1021: 1002: 980: 965: 949: 933: 918: 848: 833: 812: 327:module on 26 July 2000 at 01:45 236:launch vehicle on July 12, 2000. 4514:† - mission failed to reach ISS 2883:Multi-Purpose Logistics Modules 2405:Wright, Jerry (13 April 2015). 2337: 2311: 2276: 2252: 2228: 2204: 2200:. SpaceDaily. AFP. 8 July 2000. 2190: 2164: 2137: 2059: 2039: 2033: 2008: 1978: 1956: 1932: 1877: 1863: 1841: 1788:"Tuesday/Wednesday Solar Punch" 1097:Russian Orbital Segment windows 987:Roman Romanenko at a window in 772: 455:(UDM). As in the early days of 366:space station. This means that 148:20,320 kg (44,800 lb) 2659:International Docking Adapters 1855:. 22 June 2003. Archived from 1769: 1743: 1704: 1635: 1621:"NASA – Zvezda Service Module" 1603: 1567: 1531: 746:connected nine cables between 356:The basic structural frame of 214:On-orbit configuration of the 1: 1508: 1078:Sunrise in orbit overlooking 734:; during a 6-hour, 14 minute 704:had already been attached to 663:; it was emblazoned with the 485:and the top port connects to 247:crew celebrate a birthday in 2344:Berger, Eric (7 June 2024). 1918:"Zvezda service module (SM)" 1916:Anatoly Zak (18 June 2013). 840:Forward view of interior of 788: 406:core module to reach orbit. 370:is similar in layout to the 331:. It is a descendant of the 7: 5377:Spacecraft launched in 2000 3303:International Space Station 2696:Pressurized Mating Adapters 2476:International Space Station 1643:"Служебный модуль 'Звезда'" 1145: 995: 805: 577:Solid Fuel Oxygen Generator 491:. Eventually, the plan for 284:International Space Station 89:International Space Station 10: 5398: 2664:Integrated Truss Structure 2654:ExPRESS Logistics Carriers 2649:External Stowage Platforms 1819:"Service Module | RuSpace" 793:Since September 2019, the 475:put a docking cone on the 349: 345: 232:heads into orbit aboard a 172:4.35 m (14.3 ft) 15: 5347: 5269: 5203: 5111: 5032: 4983: 4911: 4858: 4806: 4773: 4726: 4650: 4578: 4498: 4442: 4378: 4137: 3857: 3629: 3479: 3468: 3340: 3309: 3246: 3205: 3169: 3141: 3114: 3078: 3067: 3026: 2968: 2947: 2896: 2873: 2848: 2829: 2822: 2791: 2780: 2715: 2626: 2544: 2489: 2482: 2436:21 September 2020 at the 2125:. SpaceDaily. 8 July 2000 1112:nadir docking port where 632:Common Berthing Mechanism 427: 265: 206: 201: 196: 176: 168: 160: 152: 142: 122: 110: 94: 84: 70: 65: 35: 4502:Ongoing spaceflights in 2955:Manufacturing of the ISS 2929:Universal Docking Module 2046:Air & Space Magazine 579:canisters (also called " 453:Universal Docking Module 424:, and has no armaments. 404:orbital weapons platform 164:29.7 m (97 ft) 156:13.1 m (43 ft) 4508:Future spaceflights in 4480:Northrop Grumman Cygnus 2934:Russian Research Module 2674:Mobile Servicing System 1897:. NASA. 20 October 2005 1665:"Zvezda Service Module" 1623:. NASA. 14 October 2006 1132:Zenith docking port on 1065:Russian Orbital Segment 911: 296:Russian Orbital Segment 4470:SpaceX Dragon 1 (past) 2924:Science Power Platform 2888:Interim Control Module 1895:"Orbiting Agriculture" 1221:Georges Lemaître ATV-5 1193: 1179: 1159: 972:Expedition 37 crew in 908: 885:Konstantin Tsiolkovsky 783:Interim Control Module 656: 512: 449:Science Power Platform 252: 237: 3299:Uncrewed spaceflights 3028:Salyut stations (DOS) 2837:Axiom Orbital Segment 2270:"STS-106 Report # 10" 2246:"STS-106 Report # 07" 1263:Johannes Kepler ATV-2 1239:Albert Einstein ATV-4 1185: 1165: 1153: 863: 650: 643:Connection to the ISS 507: 282:, is a module of the 243: 228: 4562:Orbital launches in 3080:Almaz stations (OPS) 2939:Science Power Module 2644:European Robotic Arm 2307:on 26 February 2009. 1849:"Photo-iss006e45076" 1829:on 21 September 2020 1251:Edoardo Amaldi ATV-3 1043:Service Module, and 684:Russian Space Agency 608:dinitrogen tetroxide 298:(ROS), which is the 288:life support systems 4491:ISS Deorbit Vehicle 4433:ISS Deorbit Vehicle 3161:Kosmos 1686 (TKS-4) 3156:Kosmos 1443 (TKS-3) 3151:Kosmos 1267 (TKS-2) 2960:Assembly of the ISS 2919:Crew Return Vehicle 2669:Life Support System 2440:(includes diagrams) 1920:. Russian Space Web 1853:Spaceflight Insider 940:View of one of the 651:Progress docked to 525:Progress spacecraft 372:core module (DOS-7) 128:26 July 2000, 01:45 100:12 July 2000, 04:56 32: 4450:Roscosmos Progress 3318:Crewed ISS flights 3046:Kosmos 557 (DOS-3) 2841:US Deorbit Vehicle 2474:Components of the 2381:"Soyuz Relocation" 2176:The New York Times 2103:on 14 January 2006 2077:on 21 January 2021 1873:. 3 February 2018. 1523:Spaceflight portal 1194: 1180: 1160: 909: 855:Part of the galley 657: 558:also contains the 513: 317:was launched on a 292:US Orbital Segment 253: 238: 28: 5359: 5358: 4521: 4520: 3265: 3264: 3255:Return from Orbit 3107: 2986: 2985: 2914:Habitation Module 2904:Propulsion Module 2869: 2868: 2818: 2817: 2778: 2777: 2639:Electrical System 1756:The Baltimore Sun 1549:"The ISS to Date" 1311:Jules Verne ATV-1 689:On 26 July 2000, 622:arrived in 2000. 461:Orlan space suits 274: 223: 222: 66:Module statistics 5389: 4567: 4566: 4565: 4548: 4541: 4534: 4525: 4524: 3474: 3333: 3327: 3322: 3316: 3292: 3285: 3278: 3269: 3268: 3105: 3098:Salyut 5 (OPS-3) 3093:Salyut 3 (OPS-2) 3088:Salyut 2 (OPS-1) 3073: 3061:Salyut 7 (DOS-6) 3056:Salyut 6 (DOS-5) 3051:Salyut 4 (DOS-4) 3036:Salyut 1 (DOS-1) 3020:Salyut programme 3013: 3006: 2999: 2990: 2989: 2976: 2975: 2827: 2826: 2796: 2795: 2786: 2487: 2486: 2468: 2461: 2454: 2445: 2444: 2415: 2414: 2402: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2373: 2372: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2315: 2309: 2308: 2306: 2299: 2286: 2285: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2262: 2261: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2238: 2237: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2214: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2185: 2183: 2178:. 1 October 1999 2168: 2162: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2141: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2073:. Archived from 2063: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2037: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2012: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1992:. Archived from 1982: 1976: 1975: 1974: 1972: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1887: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1874: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1859:on 22 June 2003. 1845: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1825:. Archived from 1815: 1800: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1779: 1778: 1773: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1762: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1686: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1565: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1525: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1129: 1106: 1094: 1075: 1059:The location of 1056: 1025: 1006: 984: 969: 960:, November 2000. 953: 937: 922: 897:Saint Petersburg 881:laptop computers 852: 837: 824: 816: 744:Yuri Malenchenko 610:and the fuel is 419: 418: 414: 269: 267: 211: 131: 103: 80: 50: 40: 33: 27: 5397: 5396: 5392: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5387: 5386: 5362: 5361: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5343: 5338:Strela-3 No.127 5334:Strela-3 No.126 5330:Strela-3 No.125 5265: 5199: 5107: 5028: 4979: 4907: 4866:Gorizont No.45L 4854: 4802: 4769: 4722: 4646: 4574: 4573: 4563: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4552: 4522: 4517: 4494: 4475:SpaceX Dragon 2 4438: 4374: 4133: 3853: 3625: 3475: 3466: 3336: 3331: 3329:ISS expeditions 3325: 3320: 3314: 3305: 3296: 3266: 3261: 3242: 3201: 3165: 3137: 3110: 3074: 3065: 3022: 3017: 2987: 2982: 2964: 2943: 2892: 2875: 2865: 2844: 2814: 2800: 2787: 2774: 2717: 2711: 2622: 2540: 2491:Russian Segment 2478: 2472: 2438:Wayback Machine 2424: 2419: 2418: 2403: 2396: 2386: 2384: 2379: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2354: 2352: 2342: 2338: 2328: 2326: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2297: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2268: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2244: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2220: 2211: 2209: 2205: 2196: 2195: 2191: 2181: 2179: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2155: 2153: 2142: 2138: 2128: 2126: 2121: 2120: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2080: 2078: 2065: 2064: 2060: 2050: 2048: 2038: 2034: 2024: 2022: 2014: 2013: 2009: 1999: 1997: 1996:on 2 March 2021 1984: 1983: 1979: 1970: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1948: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1923: 1921: 1914: 1910: 1900: 1898: 1893: 1884: 1882: 1878: 1869: 1868: 1864: 1847: 1846: 1842: 1832: 1830: 1817: 1816: 1803: 1793: 1791: 1776: 1774: 1770: 1760: 1758: 1748: 1744: 1734: 1732: 1720: 1711: 1709: 1705: 1695: 1693: 1688: 1687: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1663: 1662: 1658: 1648: 1646: 1641: 1640: 1636: 1626: 1624: 1619: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1594: 1592: 1591:on 15 June 2006 1583: 1574: 1572: 1568: 1558: 1556: 1547: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1148: 1141: 1130: 1121: 1107: 1098: 1095: 1086: 1076: 1067: 1057: 1048: 1035:Node 1, PMA-1, 1026: 1017: 1007: 998: 991: 985: 976: 970: 961: 954: 945: 938: 929: 923: 914: 856: 853: 844: 838: 829: 822: 817: 808: 791: 775: 645: 601: 430: 416: 412: 411: 354: 348: 219: 212: 192: 129: 101: 76: 61: 46: 24: 21: 12: 11: 5: 5395: 5385: 5384: 5382:2000 in Russia 5379: 5374: 5357: 5356: 5352:Crewed flights 5348: 5345: 5344: 5342: 5341: 5326:Gonets-D1 No.9 5322:Gonets-D1 No.8 5318:Gonets-D1 No.7 5314: 5309: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5273: 5271: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5213: 5207: 5205: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5197: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5147: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5105: 5100: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5036: 5034: 5030: 5029: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5002: 4993: 4987: 4985: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4958: 4949: 4944: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4915: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4840: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4767: 4762: 4753: 4748: 4741: 4736: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4703: 4696: 4690:Gruzovoy Maket 4687: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4654: 4652: 4648: 4647: 4645: 4644: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4575: 4569: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4536: 4528: 4519: 4518: 4516: 4515: 4512: 4506: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4492: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4462: 4457: 4455:ESA ATV (past) 4452: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4436: 4435: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4398: 4397: 4396: 4391: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4371: 4370: 4363: 4356: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4331: 4330: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4286: 4285: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4234: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4182: 4181: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4141: 4139: 4135: 4134: 4132: 4131: 4130: 4129: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4015: 4014: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3919: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3861: 3859: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3851: 3850: 3849: 3844: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3750: 3749: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3705: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3664: 3663: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3623: 3622: 3621: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3584: 3583: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3554: 3553: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3529: 3528: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3509: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3483: 3481: 3477: 3476: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3464: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3439: 3438: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3419: 3418: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3399: 3398: 3397: 3392: 3383: 3378: 3370: 3369: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3323: 3310: 3307: 3306: 3295: 3294: 3287: 3280: 3272: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3250: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3241: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3229: 3228: 3223: 3215: 3209: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3164: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3147: 3145: 3143:TKS spacecraft 3139: 3138: 3136: 3135: 3127: 3118: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3108: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3084: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3032: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3016: 3015: 3008: 3001: 2993: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2969: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2962: 2957: 2951: 2949: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2890: 2885: 2879: 2877: 2871: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2864: 2863: 2858: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2831: 2824: 2820: 2819: 2816: 2815: 2813: 2812: 2804: 2802: 2793: 2789: 2788: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2773: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2721: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2698: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2634:Bishop airlock 2630: 2628: 2624: 2623: 2621: 2620: 2613: 2606: 2598: 2591: 2584: 2577: 2570: 2563: 2556: 2550: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2539: 2538: 2531: 2524: 2517: 2510: 2503: 2495: 2493: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2463: 2456: 2448: 2442: 2441: 2423: 2422:External links 2420: 2417: 2416: 2394: 2362: 2336: 2310: 2275: 2251: 2227: 2203: 2189: 2163: 2136: 2114: 2088: 2058: 2040:Zak, Anatoly. 2032: 2007: 1977: 1955: 1931: 1908: 1876: 1862: 1840: 1823:suzymchale.com 1801: 1768: 1742: 1703: 1678: 1656: 1634: 1602: 1566: 1555:on 3 June 2002 1529: 1528: 1527: 1526: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1504:, 2000–present 1491: 1490: 1489:, 2009–present 1476: 1475: 1474:, 2021–present 1467: 1453: 1452: 1451:1P, 2000 (1st) 1446: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1422: 1416: 1410: 1404: 1398: 1397:12P, 2003–2004 1392: 1389:Progress M1-11 1386: 1380: 1374: 1373:16P, 2004–2005 1368: 1362: 1356: 1355:19P, 2005–2006 1350: 1344: 1338: 1332: 1331:23P, 2006–2007 1326: 1320: 1314: 1308: 1302: 1296: 1293:Progress M-04M 1290: 1284: 1278: 1275:Progress M-06M 1272: 1269:Progress M-07M 1266: 1260: 1257:Progress M-11M 1254: 1248: 1247:49P, 2012–2013 1245:Progress M-17M 1242: 1236: 1230: 1227:Progress M-21M 1224: 1218: 1212: 1211:61P, 2015–2016 1209:Progress M-29M 1206: 1203:Progress MS-02 1156:Edoardo Amaldi 1147: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1131: 1124: 1122: 1108: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1089: 1087: 1077: 1070: 1068: 1058: 1051: 1049: 1027: 1020: 1018: 1008: 1001: 997: 994: 993: 992: 986: 979: 977: 971: 964: 962: 955: 948: 946: 939: 932: 930: 924: 917: 913: 910: 858: 857: 854: 847: 845: 839: 832: 830: 818: 811: 807: 804: 790: 787: 774: 771: 742:and cosmonaut 644: 641: 599: 589:carbon dioxide 581:oxygen candles 451:(SPP) and the 429: 426: 350:Main article: 347: 344: 280:Service Module 221: 220: 218:service module 213: 204: 203: 199: 198: 194: 193: 191: 190: 187: 183: 181: 174: 173: 170: 166: 165: 162: 158: 157: 154: 150: 149: 146: 140: 139: 126: 120: 119: 114: 112:Launch vehicle 108: 107: 98: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 74: 68: 67: 63: 62: 41: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5394: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5369: 5367: 5353: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5280: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5233:Progress M1-4 5231: 5229: 5225: 5221: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5208: 5206: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5183:Europe*Star 1 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5163:Progress M-43 5161: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5136: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5110: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5024:Globus No.16L 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4991:Progress M1-3 4989: 4988: 4986: 4982: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4839: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4805: 4799: 4798:Progress M1-2 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4746: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4704: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4685:Globalstar 64 4682: 4681:Globlastar 63 4678: 4677:Globalstar 62 4674: 4673:Globalstar 60 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4658:Progress M1-1 4656: 4655: 4653: 4649: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4577: 4572: 4568: 4557: 4549: 4544: 4542: 4537: 4535: 4530: 4529: 4526: 4513: 4511: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4500: 4497: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4441: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4399: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4369: 4368: 4364: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4289: 4287: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4136: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4068: 4066: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3667: 3665: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3555: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3473: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3330: 3324: 3319: 3312: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3293: 3288: 3286: 3281: 3279: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3245: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3218: 3217:Spaceflights 3216: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170:Support craft 3168: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3140: 3134: 3132: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3077: 3072: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3014: 3009: 3007: 3002: 3000: 2995: 2994: 2991: 2979: 2971: 2970: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2872: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2797: 2794: 2790: 2785: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2714: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2690: 2689:Boom Assembly 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2597: 2596: 2592: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2583: 2582: 2578: 2576: 2575: 2571: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2523: 2522: 2518: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2509: 2508: 2504: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2469: 2464: 2462: 2457: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2446: 2439: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2426: 2425: 2412: 2408: 2401: 2399: 2382: 2377: 2376:public domain 2366: 2351: 2347: 2340: 2325: 2321: 2314: 2303: 2296: 2290: 2289:public domain 2279: 2271: 2266: 2265:public domain 2255: 2247: 2242: 2241:public domain 2231: 2223: 2218: 2217:public domain 2207: 2199: 2193: 2177: 2173: 2167: 2151: 2147: 2140: 2124: 2118: 2102: 2098: 2092: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2062: 2047: 2043: 2036: 2021: 2017: 2011: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1981: 1967: 1966: 1959: 1951: 1946: 1945:public domain 1935: 1919: 1912: 1896: 1891: 1890:public domain 1880: 1872: 1866: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1844: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1789: 1783: 1782:public domain 1772: 1757: 1753: 1746: 1730: 1726: 1725: 1718: 1717:public domain 1707: 1691: 1685: 1683: 1666: 1660: 1644: 1638: 1622: 1617: 1616:public domain 1606: 1590: 1586: 1581: 1580:public domain 1570: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1544:public domain 1534: 1530: 1524: 1513: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1488: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1480: 1473: 1472: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1457: 1450: 1449:Progress M1-3 1447: 1444: 1443:Progress M-44 1441: 1438: 1437:Progress M1-6 1435: 1432: 1431:Progress M-45 1429: 1427:6P, 2001–2002 1426: 1425:Progress M1-7 1423: 1420: 1419:Progress M1-8 1417: 1414: 1413:Progress M-46 1411: 1409:9P, 2002–2003 1408: 1407:Progress M1-9 1405: 1402: 1401:Progress M-47 1399: 1396: 1395:Progress M-48 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1383:Progress M-49 1381: 1378: 1377:Progress M-50 1375: 1372: 1371:Progress M-51 1369: 1366: 1365:Progress M-52 1363: 1360: 1359:Progress M-53 1357: 1354: 1353:Progress M-54 1351: 1348: 1347:Progress M-56 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1329:Progress M-58 1327: 1324: 1323:Progress M-60 1321: 1318: 1317:Progress M-65 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1305:Progress M-67 1303: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1233:Soyuz TMA-09M 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1215:Soyuz TMA-16M 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1192: 1191:Progress M1-3 1188: 1184: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1164: 1157: 1152: 1139: 1135: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1105: 1100: 1093: 1088: 1085: 1081: 1074: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1055: 1050: 1046: 1045:Progress M1-3 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1024: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1005: 1000: 999: 990: 983: 978: 975: 968: 963: 959: 956:Cosmonaut in 952: 947: 944:crew quarters 943: 936: 931: 928: 921: 916: 915: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 877:camera lenses 874: 870: 866: 862: 851: 846: 843: 836: 831: 828: 821: 815: 810: 809: 803: 800: 796: 786: 784: 780: 770: 767: 763: 759: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 724:Space Shuttle 722: 717: 715: 711: 707: 703: 701: 696: 692: 687: 685: 681: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 654: 649: 640: 637: 633: 629: 623: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 596: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 550: 546: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 526: 522: 518: 511: 506: 502: 500: 499: 494: 490: 489: 484: 483: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 441: 439: 434: 425: 423: 409: 405: 402: 401: 396: 391: 389: 388: 383: 379: 378: 373: 369: 365: 364: 359: 353: 343: 341: 337: 335: 330: 326: 325: 320: 316: 312: 308: 303: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 279: 272: 263: 259: 258: 251:module, 2015. 250: 246: 245:Expedition 43 242: 235: 231: 227: 217: 210: 205: 202:Configuration 200: 195: 188: 185: 184: 182: 180: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 145: 141: 137: 136: 127: 125: 121: 118: 115: 113: 109: 106: 99: 97: 93: 90: 87: 83: 79: 75: 73: 69: 64: 60: 56: 55: 49: 48:Space Shuttle 44: 39: 34: 31: 26: 19: 5351: 5316: 5276: 5192: 5133: 5054: 5005:Brazilsat B4 4923: 4842: 4780: 4743: 4718:Superbird-B2 4705: 4698: 4509: 4503: 4365: 4358: 4351: 3350: 3332:}} 3326:{{ 3321:}} 3315:{{ 3253: 3130: 3129: 3122: 2807: 2716:Experimental 2615: 2608: 2601: 2593: 2586: 2579: 2572: 2565: 2558: 2534: 2533: 2526: 2519: 2512: 2505: 2498: 2428: 2410: 2385:. Retrieved 2365: 2355:28 September 2353:. Retrieved 2350:Ars Technica 2349: 2339: 2329:28 September 2327:. Retrieved 2324:Ars Technica 2323: 2313: 2302:the original 2278: 2254: 2230: 2206: 2192: 2180:. Retrieved 2175: 2166: 2154:. Retrieved 2149: 2139: 2127:. Retrieved 2117: 2105:. Retrieved 2101:the original 2091: 2079:. Retrieved 2075:the original 2070: 2061: 2049:. Retrieved 2045: 2035: 2023:. Retrieved 2019: 2010: 1998:. Retrieved 1994:the original 1989: 1980: 1969:, retrieved 1964: 1958: 1934: 1922:. Retrieved 1911: 1899:. Retrieved 1879: 1865: 1857:the original 1852: 1843: 1831:. Retrieved 1827:the original 1822: 1792:. Retrieved 1771: 1759:. Retrieved 1755: 1745: 1733:. Retrieved 1723: 1706: 1694:. Retrieved 1669:. Retrieved 1667:. Khrunichev 1659: 1647:. Retrieved 1637: 1625:. Retrieved 1605: 1593:. Retrieved 1589:the original 1569: 1557:. Retrieved 1553:the original 1533: 1499: 1493: 1492: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1469: 1461: 1455: 1454: 1299:Soyuz TMA-16 1287:Soyuz TMA-17 1281:Soyuz TMA-19 1196: 1195: 1189:docked with 1186: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1155: 1137: 1133: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1079: 1060: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1009: 988: 973: 957: 941: 926: 901:oscilloscope 893:Russian flag 889:Yuri Gagarin 864: 841: 827:space toilet 819: 798: 794: 792: 778: 776: 773:Launch risks 765: 761: 760: 755: 751: 747: 738:, astronaut 731: 727: 718: 713: 709: 705: 699: 697:. (The U.S. 694: 690: 688: 677: 658: 652: 624: 619: 615: 597: 592: 584: 555: 554: 548: 547: 542: 530: 529: 514: 509: 496: 492: 487: 481: 469:Yury Usachov 465:Expedition 2 456: 444: 442: 437: 432: 431: 421: 420:the size of 407: 399: 394: 392: 385: 381: 375: 367: 361: 357: 355: 339: 333: 322: 314: 304: 277: 276: 256: 255: 254: 248: 229: 215: 197:References: 177:Pressurised 134: 53: 42: 29: 25: 5261:Sirius FM-3 5238:QuickBird-1 5194:Soyuz TM-31 5158:Kosmos 2376 5154:Kosmos 2375 5150:Kosmos 2374 5103:Kosmos 2373 5094:Saudisat 1B 5090:Saudisat 1A 5077:Kosmos 2372 5050:Eutelsat W1 5045:Sirius FM-2 5009:Nilesat 102 4929:EchoStar VI 4919:Kosmos 2371 4903:Sirius FM-1 4876:Ekspress A3 4850:Eutelsat W4 4819:Kosmos 2370 4782:Soyuz TM-30 4734:Ekspress A2 4668:Hispasat 1C 4663:Kosmos 2369 4605:FalconSAT-1 3351:2R / Zvezda 3258:(1984 film) 3213:Expeditions 3106:(not flown) 2610:Tranquility 2156:20 December 2150:wired.co.uk 1833:10 November 1794:1 September 1761:1 September 1735:1 September 1466:, 2001-2021 1341:Soyuz TMA-7 1335:Soyuz TMA-9 1301:, 2009–2010 1229:, 2013–2014 1223:, 2014–2015 1120:were docked 1084:solar array 680:RKK Energia 661:advertising 336:programme's 96:Launch date 45:as seen by 5366:Categories 5098:TiungSAT-1 4889:Tsinghua 1 4885:Nadezhda 6 4881:Fengyun 2B 4596:Feng Huo 1 4591:Galaxy 10R 4443:Spacecraft 4414:SNC Demo-1 3313:See also: 3238:Spacewalks 3115:Successors 2801:components 2627:Subsystems 2546:US Segment 2182:21 January 1901:17 October 1692:. Spaceref 1509:References 1140:had docked 1014:Khrunichev 905:multimeter 655:(aft view) 537:-provided 473:James Voss 410:is around 5312:Beidou 1B 5220:AMSAT-P3D 5188:Beidou 1A 5173:Thuraya 1 5124:N-SAT-110 5040:Zi Yuan 2 5033:September 4793:Galaxy 4R 4504:underline 4257:Boe-OFT 2 4138:2020–2024 3858:2015–2019 3630:2010–2014 3480:2005–2009 3341:2000–2004 2897:Cancelled 2765:PK-3 Plus 2750:ISS-CREAM 2679:Canadarm2 2431:@ RuSpace 2387:29 August 2222:"STS-106" 1403:10P, 2003 1391:13P, 2004 1385:14P, 2004 1379:15P, 2004 1367:17P, 2005 1361:18P, 2005 1349:21P, 2006 1325:25P, 2007 1319:30P, 2008 1307:34P, 2009 1295:36P, 2010 1277:38P, 2010 1271:39P, 2010 1259:43P, 2011 1205:63P, 2016 789:Air leaks 669:Pizza Hut 78:2000-037A 72:COSPAR ID 5299:Astra 2D 5270:December 5204:November 5086:Unisat 1 5082:Megsat 1 5062:Astra 2B 4838:SimSat 2 4834:SimSat 1 4760:AsiaStar 4756:INSAT-3B 4713:Garuda 1 4651:February 4609:ASUSat-1 4465:NASA CRS 4460:JAXA HTV 3233:Visitors 3226:uncrewed 3182:Progress 2978:Category 2876:hardware 2849:Proposed 2770:SAGE III 2595:Leonardo 2560:Columbus 2483:Orbiting 2434:Archived 2071:NBC News 1990:NBC News 1729:Archived 1445:3P, 2001 1439:4P, 2001 1433:5P, 2001 1421:7P, 2002 1415:8P, 2002 1197:Aft port 1146:Dockings 1082:and its 996:Exterior 869:crucifix 806:Interior 636:Elektron 564:hydrogen 560:Elektron 467:, where 169:Diameter 117:Proton-K 54:Atlantis 5294:USA-155 5256:Anik F1 5228:STRV 1D 5224:STRV 1C 5211:USA-154 5168:USA-153 5112:October 5072:NOAA-16 5056:STS-106 5014:USA-152 4969:MEMS 2B 4965:MEMS 2A 4947:USA-151 4942:Rubin-1 4844:STS-101 4829:USA-150 4824:USA-149 4814:GOES 11 4788:SESAT 1 4700:ASTRO-E 4629:MEMS 1B 4625:MEMS 1A 4621:STENSAT 4586:USA-148 4579:January 4510:italics 4232:Prichal 4126:Boe-OFT 4071:SpX-DM1 3301:to the 3247:Related 3133:(DOS-8) 3125:(DOS-7) 2948:Related 2830:Planned 2718:devices 2604:airlock 2581:Harmony 2574:Destiny 2521:Rassvet 2514:Prichal 2272:. NASA. 2248:. NASA. 2224:. NASA. 2152:. Wired 2107:27 June 2081:30 July 2051:30 July 2025:30 July 2000:30 July 1971:30 July 1952:. NASA. 1924:8 April 1696:19 June 1671:11 June 1649:11 June 1627:10 July 1595:24 June 1559:24 June 1494:Forward 1217:, 2015 1063:in the 1016:factory 721:STS-106 415:⁄ 374:of the 346:Origins 311:Energia 300:Russian 273:  262:Russian 85:Part of 59:STS-106 57:during 5289:EROS A 5283:ITS P6 5278:STS-97 5216:PAS-1R 5140:ITS Z1 5135:STS-92 5129:HETE-2 4984:August 4961:Sindri 4924:Zvezda 4898:TDRS-8 4893:SNAP-1 4751:Dumsat 4745:ICO F1 4707:STS-99 4694:IRDT-1 4641:Louise 4637:Thelma 4601:JAWSAT 4571:2001 → 4556:← 1999 4419:HTV-X1 4404:SpX-32 4389:SpX-31 4379:Future 4347:SpX-30 4322:SpX-29 4307:SpX-28 4297:SpX-27 4282:SpX-26 4267:SpX-25 4237:SpX-24 4218:SpX-23 4198:SpX-22 4178:SpX-21 4153:SpX-20 4116:SpX-19 4091:SpX-18 4086:SpX-17 4061:SpX-16 4036:SpX-15 4026:SpX-14 4011:SpX-13 3996:SpX-12 3986:SpX-11 3971:SpX-10 3786:Orb-D1 3221:crewed 3131:Zvezda 2856:Node 4 2823:Future 2792:Former 2725:AMS-02 2703:cranes 2701:Strela 2684:Dextre 2567:Cupola 2535:Zvezda 2429:Zvezda 2383:. NASA 2378:: 2291:: 2267:: 2243:: 2219:: 1947:: 1892:: 1790:. NASA 1784:: 1719:: 1618:: 1582:: 1546:: 1479:Zenith 1289:, 2010 1283:, 2010 1241:, 2013 1235:, 2013 1187:Zvezda 1168:Zvezda 1154:ATV-3 1136:where 1134:Zvezda 1110:Zvezda 1080:Zvezda 1061:Zvezda 1041:Zvezda 1010:Zvezda 989:Zvezda 974:Zvezda 958:Zvezda 942:Zvezda 927:Zvezda 871:, two 865:Zvezda 842:Zvezda 820:Zvezda 799:Zvezda 795:Zvezda 779:Zvezda 766:Zvezda 762:Zvezda 756:Zvezda 748:Zvezda 728:Zvezda 714:Zvezda 702:module 691:Zvezda 653:Zvezda 620:Zvezda 616:Zvezda 593:Zvezda 568:oxygen 556:Zvezda 549:Zvezda 543:Zvezda 531:Zvezda 510:Zvezda 438:Zvezda 433:Zvezda 428:Design 422:Polyus 408:Zvezda 400:Polyus 387:Salyut 368:Zvezda 358:Zvezda 334:Salyut 319:Proton 315:Zvezda 278:Zvezda 266:Звезда 257:Zvezda 249:Zvezda 234:Proton 230:Zvezda 216:Zvezda 179:volume 153:Length 130:  124:Docked 102:  43:Zvezda 30:Zvezda 5307:LDREX 5251:Munin 5247:SAC-C 5144:PMA-3 5119:GE-1A 5019:DM-F3 5000:Tango 4996:Rumba 4975:PAS-9 4956:Salsa 4952:Samba 4934:CHAMP 4871:TSX-5 4774:April 4765:IMAGE 4727:March 4633:MASAT 4430:2030 4424:SNC-1 4409:NG-22 4400:2025 4385:2024 4360:NG-21 4337:NG-20 4333:2024 4312:NG-19 4288:2023 4277:NG-18 4252:NG-17 4243:2022 4213:NG-16 4208:Nauka 4193:NG-15 4184:2021 4173:NG-14 4163:HTV-9 4148:NG-13 4144:2020 4111:NG-12 4106:HTV-8 4081:NG-11 4067:2019 4056:NG-10 4046:HTV-7 4031:OA-9E 4017:2018 4006:OA-8E 3967:2017 3961:HTV-6 3945:SpX-9 3935:SpX-8 3921:2016 3900:HTV-5 3889:SpX-7 3878:SpX-6 3868:SpX-5 3864:2015 3841:Orb-3 3836:SpX-4 3831:ATV-5 3821:Orb-2 3816:SpX-3 3801:Orb-1 3797:2014 3781:HTV-4 3771:ATV-4 3761:SpX-2 3752:2013 3741:SpX-1 3731:HTV-3 3726:SpX-D 3716:ATV-3 3707:2012 3680:ATV-2 3670:HTV-2 3666:2011 3636:2010 3619:Poisk 3605:HTV-1 3586:2009 3565:ATV-1 3556:2008 3531:2007 3511:2006 3486:2005 3441:2004 3421:2003 3401:2002 3372:2001 3347:2000 3206:Lists 3177:Soyuz 3103:OPS-4 3041:DOS-2 2874:Spare 2861:XBASE 2799:Major 2760:NICER 2730:CALET 2617:Unity 2602:Quest 2528:Zarya 2507:Poisk 2500:Nauka 2305:(PDF) 2298:(PDF) 2129:5 May 1501:Zarya 1486:Poisk 1471:Nauka 1456:Nadir 1176:Zarya 1138:Poisk 1118:Nauka 1039:FGB, 1037:Zarya 1033:Unity 1029:PMA-2 873:icons 823:' 752:Zarya 740:Ed Lu 732:Zarya 710:Zarya 706:Zarya 700:Unity 695:Zarya 604:S5.79 572:water 521:Soyuz 498:Nauka 488:Poisk 477:nadir 445:Zarya 395:Mir-2 382:Mir-2 363:Mir-2 352:Mir-2 340:DOS-8 324:Zarya 161:Width 135:Zarya 132:UTC ( 51: 18:DOS 8 5303:GE-8 5243:EO-1 5178:GE-6 5067:GE-7 4938:MITA 4912:July 4859:June 4617:OPAL 4613:OCSE 4564:2000 4228:M-UM 3981:OA-7 3950:OA-5 3925:OA-6 3910:OA-4 3615:MIM2 3390:Pirs 2809:Pirs 2755:MAXI 2745:HDEV 2740:GEDI 2735:CATS 2588:Kibō 2554:BEAM 2411:NASA 2389:2015 2357:2024 2331:2024 2184:2009 2158:2014 2131:2013 2109:2006 2083:2021 2053:2021 2027:2021 2020:TASS 2002:2021 1973:2021 1926:2016 1903:2020 1835:2020 1796:2019 1763:2019 1737:2019 1698:2020 1673:2017 1651:2017 1629:2007 1597:2007 1561:2007 1463:Pirs 1343:2006 1337:2006 1313:2008 1265:2011 1253:2012 1174:and 1172:Pirs 1116:and 1114:Pirs 912:Crew 903:and 891:, a 750:and 730:and 665:logo 612:UDMH 566:and 535:NASA 523:and 493:Pirs 482:Pirs 471:and 393:The 307:USSR 271:lit. 144:Mass 138:aft) 4807:May 4739:MTI 4394:90P 4367:89P 4353:88P 4342:87P 4327:86P 4317:85P 4302:84P 4292:83P 4272:82P 4262:81P 4247:80P 4223:79P 4203:78P 4188:77P 4168:76P 4158:75P 4121:74P 4101:60S 4096:73P 4076:72P 4051:71P 4041:70P 4021:69P 4001:68P 3991:67P 3976:66P 3955:65P 3940:64P 3930:63P 3915:62P 3905:61P 3895:60P 3883:59P 3873:58P 3847:57P 3826:56P 3811:55P 3806:54P 3791:53P 3776:52P 3766:51P 3756:50P 3746:49P 3736:48P 3721:47P 3711:46P 3701:45P 3695:44P 3690:43P 3685:42P 3675:41P 3660:40P 3655:39P 3650:38P 3645:37P 3640:36P 3610:35P 3600:34P 3595:33P 3590:32P 3580:31P 3575:30P 3570:29P 3560:28P 3550:27P 3545:26P 3540:25P 3535:24P 3525:23P 3520:22P 3515:21P 3505:20P 3500:19P 3495:18P 3490:17P 3460:16P 3455:15P 3450:14P 3445:13P 3435:12P 3430:11P 3425:10P 3386:SO1 3197:FGB 3187:TKS 3123:Mir 736:EVA 667:of 585:Mir 457:Mir 377:Mir 329:UTC 309:by 105:UTC 5368:: 5336:, 5332:, 5328:, 5324:, 5320:, 5305:, 5301:, 5249:, 5245:, 5226:, 5222:, 5218:, 5156:, 5152:, 5142:, 5096:, 5092:, 5088:, 5084:, 5007:, 4998:, 4967:, 4954:, 4940:, 4936:, 4891:, 4887:, 4883:, 4836:, 4758:, 4692:, 4683:, 4679:, 4675:, 4639:, 4635:, 4631:, 4627:, 4623:, 4615:, 4611:, 4607:, 4603:, 4230:/ 3617:/ 3415:9P 3410:8P 3405:7P 3395:6P 3388:/ 3381:5P 3376:4P 3366:3P 3361:2P 3356:1P 3192:VA 2409:. 2397:^ 2348:. 2322:. 2174:. 2148:. 2069:. 2044:. 2018:. 1988:. 1851:. 1821:. 1804:^ 1754:. 1681:^ 1031:, 907:). 879:, 825:s 716:. 602:) 527:. 342:. 268:, 264:: 5285:) 5281:( 5146:) 5138:( 4971:) 4963:( 4643:) 4619:( 4547:e 4540:t 4533:v 4128:† 3957:† 3891:† 3885:† 3843:† 3697:† 3291:e 3284:t 3277:v 3012:e 3005:t 2998:v 2467:e 2460:t 2453:v 2413:. 2391:. 2359:. 2333:. 2186:. 2160:. 2133:. 2111:. 2085:. 2055:. 2029:. 2004:. 1928:. 1905:. 1837:. 1798:. 1765:. 1739:. 1700:. 1675:. 1653:. 1631:. 1599:. 1563:. 1178:. 1047:. 600:f 417:4 413:1 260:( 20:.

Index

DOS 8

Space Shuttle
Atlantis
STS-106
COSPAR ID
2000-037A
International Space Station
Launch date
UTC
Launch vehicle
Proton-K
Docked
Zarya
Mass
volume


Proton

Expedition 43
Russian
lit.
International Space Station
life support systems
US Orbital Segment
Russian Orbital Segment
Russian
USSR
Energia

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