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597:: the piece is binary on the lower compositional level but ternary on the higher. Organisational levels are not clearly and universally defined in western musicology, while words like "section" and "passage" are used at different levels by different scholars whose definitions, as Schlanker points out, cannot keep pace with the myriad innovations and variations devised by musicians.
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550:, like many dances, requires a certain rhythm, pace and length of melody to fit its repeating pattern of steps. Simpler styles of music may be more or less wholly defined at this level of form, which therefore does not differ greatly from the loose sense first mentioned and which may carry with it rhythmic, harmonic, timbral, occasional and melodic conventions.
875:, which in itself can be of any shorter form (binary, ternary, etc.), forms the only "section" and is repeated indefinitely (as in strophic form) but is varied each time (A,B,A,F,Z,A), so as to make a sort of sectional chain form. An important variant of this, much used in 17th-century British music and in the
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may organize song and dance into even larger forms. The symphony, generally considered to be one piece, nevertheless divides into multiple movements (which can usually work as a self-contained piece if played alone). This level of musical form, though it again applies and gives rise to different
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The sonata form is "the most important principle of musical form, or formal type from the classical period well into the twentieth century." It is usually used as the form of the first movement in multi-movement works. So, it is also called "first-movement form" or "sonata-allegro form" (because
501:
having a definite rhythm and duration that may be implied in melody and harmony, defined, for example, by a long final note and a breathing space. This "phrase" may be regarded as the fundamental unit of musical form: it may be broken down into measures of two or three beats, but its distinctive
806:. There are both simple and compound ternary forms. Da capo arias are usually in simple ternary form (i.e. "from the head"). A compound ternary form (or trio form) similarly involves an ABA pattern, but each section is itself either in binary (two sub-sections which may be repeated) or (simple)
502:
nature will then be lost. Even at this level, the importance of the principles of repetition and contrast, weak and strong, climax and repose, can be seen. Thus, form may be understood on three levels of organization. For the purpose of this exposition, these levels can be roughly designated as
996:
is the first required section. It lays out the thematic material in its basic version. There are usually two themes or theme groups in the exposition, and they are often in contrasting styles and keys and connected by a transition. In the end of the exposition, there is a closing theme which
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Some forms are used predominantly within popular music, including genre-specific forms. Popular music forms are often derived from strophic form (AAA song form), 32-bar form (AABA song form), verse-chorus form (AB song form) and 12-bar blues form (AAB song form).
776:(A prime) because of the slight difference in the last measure and a half. The next two systems (3rd and 4th) are almost identical as well, but a new musical idea entirely than the first two systems. We call the third system
578:, then this gives rise to a simple binary form. If the theme is played (perhaps twice), then a new theme is introduced, the piece then closing with a return to the first theme, we have a simple ternary form.
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Strophic form – also called verse-repeating form, chorus form, AAA song form, or one-part song form – is a song structure in which all verses or stanzas of the text are sung to the same music
386:
in 1907 wrote that, "I am more and more convinced that music is not, in essence, a thing that can be cast into a traditional and fixed form. It is made up of colors and rhythms."
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Great arguments and misunderstanding can be generated by such terms as 'ternary' and 'binary', as a complex piece may have elements of both at different organizational levels. A
832:). A recurring section, especially the main theme, is sometimes more thoroughly varied, or else one episode may be a "development" of it. A similar arrangement is the
609:". It concerns the arrangement of several self-contained pieces into a large-scale composition. For example, a set of songs with a related theme may be presented as a
364:
refers to the larger shape of the composition. Form in music is the result of the interaction of the four structural elements," of sound, harmony, melody, and rhythm.
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differ in scale and aim, yet generally resemble one another in the manner of their organization. The individual pieces which make up the larger form may be called
348:, which express a musical idea but lack sufficient weight to stand alone. Musical form unfolds over time through the expansion and development of these ideas. In
654:
Scholes suggested that
European classical music had only six stand-alone forms: simple binary, simple ternary, compound binary, rondo, air with variations, and
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or movement. If the hymn, ballad, blues or dance alluded to above simply repeats the same musical material indefinitely then the piece is said to be in
304:
suggests that a number of organizational elements may determine the formal structure of a piece of music, such as "the arrangement of musical units of
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Ternary form is a three-part musical form in which the third part repeats or at least contains the principal idea of the first part, represented as
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overall. If it repeats with distinct, sustained changes each time, for instance in setting, ornamentation or instrumentation, then the piece is a
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refers to the largest shape of the composition. Form in music is the result of the interaction of the four structural elements described above ."
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Extended form are forms that have their root in one of the forms above, however, they have been extended with additional sections. For example:
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The term "Binary Form" is used to describe a musical piece with two sections that are about equal in length. Binary Form can be written as
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To aid in the process of describing form, musicians have developed a simple system of labeling musical units with letters. In his textbook
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Saewitz, Scott, "WEBERN’S LABYRINTH: CONTOUR AND CANONIC INTERACTION– An
Analysis of Webern’s Op. 16, No. 2" (2017). CUNY Academic Works.
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332:", among other factors. It is, "the ways in which a composition is shaped to create a meaningful musical experience for the listener."
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This form has a recurring theme alternating with different (usually contrasting) sections called "episodes". It may be asymmetrical (
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This form is built from a sequence of clear-cut units that may be referred to by letters but also often have generic names such as
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and so on. If the first or any other musical unit returns in varied form, then that variation is indicated by a superscript number—
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2165:
1859:
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784:(B prime) because of the slight difference in the last measure and a half. As a whole, this piece of music is in Binary Form:
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form is the extreme opposite, that of "unrelieved variation": it is simply an indefinite sequence of self-contained sections (
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emphasized that the fugue is primarily a method of composition that has sometimes taken on certain structural conventions).
1719:
Schmalfeldt, Janet. 1991. "Towards a
Reconciliation of Schenkerian Concepts with Traditional and Recent Theories of Form",
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1832:
589:), however, this was frequently extended by the introduction of another minuet arranged for solo instruments (called the
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In 2017, Scott
Saewitz brought attention to this concept by highlighting the occurrence in Anton Webern's Op.16 No.2.
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Although, it has been recently stated that form can be present under the influence of musical contour, also known as
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Study Guide for
Musical Form: A Complete Outline of Standardized Formal Categories and Concepts by Robert T. Kelley
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Beach, David. 1993. "Schubert's
Experiments with Sonata Form: Formal-Tonal Design versus Underlying Structure",
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Smith, Charles J. 1996. "Musical Form and
Fundamental Structure: An Investigation of Schenker's Formenlehre".
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In the
Process of Becoming: Analytic and Philosophical Perspectives on Form in Early Nineteenth-Century Music
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took shape in the second half of the 16th century as a narrative recounted—rather than acted—by the singers.
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570:. If two distinctly different themes are alternated indefinitely, as in a song alternating verse and
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Compositions that do not follow a fixed structure and rely more on improvisation are considered
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Cadwallader, Allen. 1990. "Form and Tonal
Process. The Design of Different Structural Levels".
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682:
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Charles Keil classified forms and formal detail as "sectional, developmental, or variational."
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The smallest level of construction concerns the way musical phrases are organized into musical
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provided, the first system is almost identical to the second system. We call the first system
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Also called Hybrid song forms. Compound song forms blend together two or more song forms.
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over and around which the rest of the structure unfolds, often, but not always, spinning
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Laskowski, Larry. 1990. "J.S. Bach's 'Binary' Dance
Movements: Form and Voice-Leading",
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emerged, which is a set of related songs (as the suite is a set of related dances). The
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genres, takes more account of the methods of musical organisation used. For example: a
593:), after which the first was repeated again and the piece ended—this is a ternary form—
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Wennerstrom, Mary (1975). "Form in Twentieth Century Music". In Wittlich, Gary (ed.).
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for example. Subdivisions of each large musical unit are shown by lowercase letters (
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848:) resembles a symmetrical rondo without intermediate repetitions of the main theme.
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948:) is typically cast in a greater ternary form, having the nominal subdivisions of
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Variational forms are those in which variation is an important formative element.
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or theme groups which are taken asunder and recombined to form the "B" part (the
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Hooper, Jason. 2011. "Heinrich Schenker's Early Conception of Form, 1895-1914".
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1998:
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Morphopoiesis: A General Procedure for Structuring Form by Panayiotis Kokoras
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Smith, Peter. 1994. "Brahms and Schenker: A Mutual Response to Sonata Form",
1687:, edited by Simon Frith and Andrew Goodwin, 315–19. New York: Pantheon, 1990.
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1240:. Cooley, Timothy J. (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Schirmer Cengage Learning.
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Keil, Charles. 1987. "Participatory Discrepancies and the Power of Music".
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The next level concerns the entire structure of any single self-contained
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Chester, Andrew. 1970. "Second Thoughts on a Rock Aesthetic: The Band".
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Musical Form, Forms, and Formenlehre: Three Methodological Reflections
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These organizational elements may be broken into smaller units called
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1983:
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in a jazz or bluegrass performance), or the way a symphonic piece is
1321:. Hutcheson, Jere. Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press. pp. .
1238:
Worlds of Music: An Introduction to the Music of the World's Peoples
167:
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2013:
2008:
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1416:(7th ed.). Boston, MA: Schirmer/Cengage Learning. p. 44.
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After the development section, there is a returning section called
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635:
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585:, like any Baroque dance, generally had a simple binary structure (
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The founding level of musical form can be divided into two parts:
446:") to denote sections that are closely related, but vary slightly.
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of a song. This may be compared to, and is often decided by, the
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1993:
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usually the most common first movements are in allegro tempo).
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is found in many hymns and ballads and, again, the Elizabethan
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or in the alternating slow and fast sections of the Hungarian
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The further organization of such a measure, by repetition and
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Tonal Harmony with an Introduction to Twentieth-Century Music
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section in which the material in the exposition is developed.
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of unaccompanied or accompanied solo instrumental music. The
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1764:
Webster, James. 2009. "Formenlehre in Theory and Practice",
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Each section of sonata form movement has its own function:
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deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a
1705:, A. Cadwallader ed. New York, etc.: Schirmer Books: 1-21.
1629:
1627:
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The grandest level of organization may be referred to as "
324:, the arrangement of the instruments (as in the order of
2143:
1828:
A Practical Guide to Musical Composition by Alan Belkin
1624:
1024:
1011:
where the thematic material returns in the tonic key.
1466:(New and Revised ed.). London: Joseph Williams.
1319:
Musical Form and Analysis: Time, Pattern, Proportion
964:, respectively) may be subdivided into two or three
406:
The first statement of a musical idea is designated
2459:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
1362:Taruskin, Richard (2009). "'Songs' Without Words".
710:
192:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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910:. This is said by Scholes (1977) to be the form
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1811:Lessons in Music Form by Percy Goetschius, 1904
1525:. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
535:or meter of the words or the steps of a dance.
1759:, Th. Christensen ed. Cambridge: CUP: 880-906.
1577:
2159:
1853:
1683:1, no. 62 (July–August): 78–79. Reprinted in
1548:
1351:http://academicworks.cuny.edu/hc_sas_etds/159
430:Some writers also use a prime label (such as
112:The examples and perspective in this article
1658:"A Guide To Song Forms – Song Form Overview"
1652:
1650:
1648:
1563:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1444:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
752:"Greensleeves" as an example of Binary Form.
410:Subsequent contrasting sections are labeled
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1718:
1700:
1608:The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1014:At the end of the movement, there may be a
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1860:
1846:
1685:On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word
1592:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1458:
1295:Benward, Bruce and Saker, Marilyn (2003).
1271:Kostka, Stefan and Payne, Dorothy (1995).
956:. Usually, but not always, the "A" parts (
2803:Music technology (electronic and digital)
1757:Cambridge History of Western Music Theory
1709:
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270:Learn how and when to remove this message
252:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
1361:
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352:, form is articulated primarily through
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1549:Kostka, Payne, Stefan, Dorothy (2009).
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1714:, H. Siegel ed. Cambridge: CUP: 84-93.
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2341:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
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1841:
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1553:. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 335.
1544:
1542:
1235:
1059:ABAC a.k.a. Verse/Chorus/Verse/Bridge
918:is often found with sections varied (
1797:Rivista di Analisi e Teoria Musicale
1786:, New York: Oxford University Press.
1768:, P. Bergé ed. Leuven: LUP: 123-139.
1691:
1491:
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1297:Music in Theory and Practice, Vol. 1
190:adding citations to reliable sources
161:
98:
59:
18:
1025:Forms used in Western popular music
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606:
13:
4017:Classical and art music traditions
2449:History of lute-family instruments
2266:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
1672:
1539:
1523:Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music
1411:
1039:
1000:The exposition is followed by the
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1610:. Oxford University Press. 2004.
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34:This article has multiple issues.
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3733:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3208:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2808:Sound recording and reproduction
2261:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
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1791:Cecchi, Alessandro (ed.). 2015.
992:Following the introduction, the
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542:is a specific verse form, while
382:is an example of this. Composer
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103:
64:
23:
4037:Jazz and popular music glossary
1600:
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1514:
1500:. University of Chicago Press.
1485:
1470:
1364:Oxford History of Western Music
1206:
791:
177:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
3278:Federated States of Micronesia
1755:Burnham, Scott. 2001. "Form",
1703:Trends in Schenkerian Research
1405:
1394:, Vol. 2, p.266. McGraw-Hill.
1384:
1355:
1343:
1310:
1229:
1152:Ad Lib (Often in CODA / Outro)
1114:Section names in popular music
1051:ABC a.k.a. Verse/Chorus/Bridge
1031:Song structure (popular music)
737:
730:...), sometimes with repeats (
681:, exposition, development and
1:
2321:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
2241:Afghan classical music—Klasik
1222:
1184:List of musical genres by era
972:)—thus, e.g. (AabBAab+coda).
813:
650:Common forms in Western music
527:and "paragraphs" such as the
288:refers to the structure of a
16:Structure of a piece of music
4182:Record production portal
4027:Cultural and regional genres
2286:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
1392:Music in Theory and Practice
1390:Benward & Saker (2009).
1045:AABA a.k.a. American Popular
7:
2798:Music technology (electric)
2336:Thai classical music—Piphat
2291:Japanese court music—Gagaku
1172:
1020:, after the recapitulation.
887:—a repeating bass theme or
693:. Sectional forms include:
389:
126:, discuss the issue on the
73:It has been suggested that
10:
4232:
2444:History of the harpsichord
2331:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
1782:Schmalfeldt, Janet. 2011.
1696:2, No. 3 (August): 275–83.
1412:M., Wright, Craig (2014).
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940:Sonata-allegro form (also
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2271:Chinese traditional music
2231:
2181:
2173:
2130:
1879:
1635:"The Sonata Allegro Form"
1481:. W.W.Norton and Co. Inc.
1236:Titon, Jeff Todd (2009).
1143:Solo / Instrumental Break
1128:Pre-chorus / Rise / Climb
1119:Introduction a.k.a. Intro
90:Proposed since July 2024.
3153:Central African Republic
2696:Computational musicology
2246:Andalusi classical music
1639:Lumen Music Appreciation
1199:
1161:In the 13th century the
902:threads, or improvising
600:
4042:Music genres and styles
2346:Western classical music
2316:Persian classical music
1578:Ebenezer Prout (1893).
1368:Oxford University Press
1048:AB a.k.a. Verse/Chorus
950:exposition, development
764:. Using the example of
658:(although musicologist
458:The arrangement of the
4022:Classical music genres
3098:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2639:Doctor of Musical Arts
2464:History of the trumpet
2276:Indian classical music
1793:Schenker's Formenlehre
1492:Keil, Charles (1966).
1317:Spring, Glenn (1995).
1275:, p.152. McGraw-Hill.
997:concludes the section.
780:and the fourth system
772:and the second system
753:
711:Medley or "chain" form
497:, into a true musical
450:Levels of organization
428:
342:
3848:São Tomé and Príncipe
3723:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3703:Republic of the Congo
2469:History of the violin
1739:Music Theory Spectrum
1730:Music Theory Spectrum
1694:Cultural Anthropology
1477:Mann, Alfred (1958).
1299:, p.87. McGraw-Hill.
1029:Further information:
751:
482:, may give rise to a
404:
334:
3918:United Arab Emirates
2983:
2691:Cognitive musicology
1944:Developing variation
1179:Developing variation
867:Theme and Variations
836:form of the Baroque
617:were presented as a
568:theme and variations
186:improve this article
132:create a new article
124:improve this article
83:into this article. (
4068:Aesthetics of music
3883:Trinidad and Tobago
3018:Antigua and Barbuda
2502:Band (rock and pop)
2426:Musical instruments
2301:Lao classical music
2104:Thirty-two-bar form
1969:Formula composition
1775:Theory and Practice
1681:The New Left Review
1664:. 19 February 2014.
1460:Macpherson, Stewart
946:first movement form
930:Sonata-allegro form
685:, verse, chorus or
613:, whereas a set of
554:Piece (or movement)
290:musical composition
4130:Musical instrument
4098:Music and politics
3228:Dominican Republic
2976:By sovereign state
2296:Korean court music
2256:Azerbaijani Mugham
1821:2019-01-11 at the
1479:The Study of Fugue
1414:Listening to music
883:, was that of the
828:) or symmetrical (
754:
396:Listening to Music
4203:
4202:
4088:Music and fashion
4083:Music and emotion
3985:
3984:
3253:Equatorial Guinea
2749:A-side and B-side
2654:Music archaeology
2629:Bachelor of Music
2477:
2476:
2411:Psychedelic music
2406:Progressive music
2326:Scottish Ceòl Mór
2141:
2140:
2124:Verse–chorus form
2079:Sonata rondo form
1914:Call and response
1894:Ausmultiplikation
1400:978-0-07-310188-0
1068:Blues Song forms
989:at the beginning.
858:Variation (music)
538:For example, the
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261:
254:
236:
160:
159:
152:
134:, as appropriate.
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4168:Music portal
4166:
4165:
4164:
4120:Music technology
4108:Environmentalism
4061:Related articles
3668:Papua New Guinea
3533:Marshall Islands
2980:
2979:
2926:Central American
2664:Music psychology
2549:Backing vocalist
2386:Electronic music
2229:
2228:
2183:History of music
2168:
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2109:Through-composed
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1712:Schenker Studies
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1462:(1930). "Form".
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1189:Musical analysis
1073:Twelve-bar blues
1064:Through-composed
852:Variational form
540:twelve bar blues
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4078:Fictional music
4056:
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3788:Solomon Islands
3633:North Macedonia
2985:
2971:
2833:
2831:regional genres
2830:
2822:
2788:Record producer
2732:
2721:Sociomusicology
2706:Ethnomusicology
2634:Master of Music
2614:
2573:
2555:
2512:All-female band
2495:
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2306:Mandé art music
2281:Byzantine music
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1875:
1866:
1823:Wayback Machine
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1675:
1673:Further reading
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983:It may have an
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838:concerto grosso
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369:Contouric Form.
356:, phrases, and
302:Jeff Todd Titon
298:Worlds of Music
296:. In his book,
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2778:Audio engineer
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2711:New musicology
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2084:Song structure
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444:B double prime
442:, pronounced "
434:, pronounced "
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242:September 2011
201:"Musical form"
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3343:Guinea-Bissau
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2832:
2829:Cultural and
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2809:
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2799:
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2767:
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2758:
2757:
2756:Extended play
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2726:Zoomusicology
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Ecomusicology
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:Biomusicology
2684:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
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2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2659:Music history
2657:
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2598:
2596:
2595:Improvisation
2593:
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2583:
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2578:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:Lead vocalist
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:Military band
2537:
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2518:
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2409:
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2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2391:Hip hop music
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:Country music
2379:
2377:
2374:
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2367:
2364:
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2329:
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2319:
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2311:Ottoman music
2309:
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2209:
2207:
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2199:
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2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2089:Strophic form
2087:
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2065:
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2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
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1967:
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1962:
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1560:
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1545:
1543:
1534:
1532:0-13-049346-5
1528:
1524:
1517:
1509:
1507:0-226-42960-1
1503:
1498:
1497:
1488:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1464:Form in Music
1461:
1455:
1447:
1441:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1423:9781133954729
1419:
1415:
1408:
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1397:
1393:
1387:
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1377:9780199813698
1373:
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1313:
1306:
1305:0-07-294262-2
1302:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1282:
1281:0-07-035874-5
1278:
1274:
1273:Tonal Harmony
1268:
1266:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1228:
1215:
1214:Meter (music)
1209:
1205:
1195:
1194:Program music
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
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1003:
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991:
988:
987:
982:
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973:
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963:
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951:
947:
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927:
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921:
917:
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905:
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886:
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849:
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771:
767:
763:
759:
750:
745:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
708:
704:
703:Strophic form
697:Strophic form
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
666:
663:
661:
657:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:cyclical form
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
564:strophic form
561:
560:musical piece
551:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
513:
509:
505:
500:
496:
492:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
466:and accented
465:
461:
457:
456:
455:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
403:
401:
397:
387:
385:
381:
377:
372:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:tonal harmony
347:
341:
339:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:
274:
271:
256:
253:
245:
234:
231:
227:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:
206:
203: –
202:
198:
197:Find sources:
191:
187:
181:
180:
175:This article
173:
169:
164:
163:
154:
151:
143:
133:
129:
125:
119:
117:
110:
101:
100:
91:
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78:
77:
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
4216:Musical form
4187:
4173:
4159:
3948:Vatican City
3898:Turkmenistan
3798:South Africa
3768:Sierra Leone
3748:Saudi Arabia
3123:Burkina Faso
2783:Record label
2669:Music school
2579:
2529:Concert band
2439:Angular harp
2366:Circus music
2251:Arabic music
2094:Ternary form
1979:Introduction
1869:Musical form
1868:
1796:
1792:
1783:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1750:15: 191-297.
1747:
1738:
1729:
1723:10: 233–287.
1720:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1684:
1680:
1661:
1638:
1607:
1602:
1580:Musical form
1579:
1573:
1550:
1522:
1516:
1495:
1487:
1478:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1413:
1407:
1391:
1386:
1363:
1357:
1345:
1318:
1312:
1296:
1272:
1237:
1231:
1208:
1160:
1149:CODA / Outro
1140:Middle-Eight
1109:
1093:
1085:
1080:16-Bar Blues
1062:ABCD a.k.a.
1034:
1015:
1008:
1001:
993:
986:introduction
984:
978:
974:
953:
949:
945:
941:
939:
923:
919:
911:
900:contrapuntal
888:
865:
864:
861:
845:
829:
825:
823:
808:ternary form
803:
801:
798:Ternary form
792:Ternary form
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
766:Greensleeves
761:
757:
755:
731:
727:
723:
714:
706:
675:introduction
672:
664:
653:
604:
594:
590:
586:
580:
557:
544:common meter
537:
522:
511:
507:
503:
498:
453:
443:
439:
435:
431:
429:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
405:
400:Craig Wright
398:, professor
395:
393:
375:
373:
368:
366:
361:
345:
343:
337:
335:
330:orchestrated
297:
284:
283:
281:
266:
248:
239:
229:
222:
215:
208:
196:
184:Please help
179:verification
176:
146:
137:
113:
89:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
4052:Terminology
4032:Instruments
3838:Switzerland
3808:South Sudan
3803:South Korea
3728:Saint Lucia
3683:Philippines
3628:North Korea
3608:New Zealand
3603:Netherlands
3408:Ivory Coast
3248:El Salvador
2993:Afghanistan
2960:Micronesian
2761:Compilation
2674:Composition
2569:Composition
2534:Disc jockey
2507:Backup band
2434:Arched Harp
2191:Prehistoric
2074:Sonata form
2034:Post-chorus
1949:Development
1939:Cyclic form
1904:Binary form
1873:development
1799:XXI, No. 2.
1741:16: 77-103.
1496:Urban blues
1134:Post-chorus
1077:8-Bar Blues
1071:AAB a.k.a.
1002:development
970:development
942:sonata form
936:Sonata form
885:ground bass
877:Passacaglia
744:Binary form
738:Binary form
660:Alfred Mann
478:that, when
426:and so on).
294:performance
140:August 2012
3938:Uzbekistan
3858:Tajikistan
3763:Seychelles
3743:San Marino
3578:Mozambique
3568:Montenegro
3538:Mauritania
3503:Madagascar
3498:Luxembourg
3453:Kyrgyzstan
3428:Kazakhstan
3233:East Timor
3183:Costa Rica
3148:Cape Verde
3058:Bangladesh
3043:Azerbaijan
2965:Polynesian
2955:Melanesian
2737:Production
2716:Organology
2681:Musicology
2416:Soul music
2371:Folk music
2356:Vernacular
2114:Transition
2044:Repetition
2029:Pre-chorus
1959:Exposition
1929:Conclusion
1777:36: 35-64.
1223:References
1212:See also:
1163:song cycle
994:exposition
958:exposition
896:polyphonic
834:ritornello
820:Rondo form
814:Rondo form
611:song-cycle
533:verse form
480:harmonized
464:unaccented
318:repetition
316:that show
282:In music,
212:newspapers
39:improve it
4073:Album era
3953:Venezuela
3818:Sri Lanka
3773:Singapore
3658:Palestine
3613:Nicaragua
3543:Mauritius
3493:Lithuania
3378:Indonesia
3333:Guatemala
3033:Australia
3023:Argentina
2943:Caribbean
2897:Southeast
2622:and study
2620:Education
2610:Technique
2491:Ensembles
2401:Pop music
2233:Art music
2211:Religious
2119:Variation
1984:Leitmotif
1884:Arch form
1732:15: 1-18.
1662:Songstuff
1588:cite book
1582:. London.
1559:cite book
1440:cite book
1432:800033147
1337:882602291
1256:214315557
1146:Collision
904:divisions
842:Arch form
826:ABACADAEA
720:potpourri
644:movements
525:sentences
495:variation
376:free-form
322:variation
312:, and/or
128:talk page
45:talk page
4210:Category
4194:Category
4007:Timeline
3978:Zimbabwe
3868:Thailand
3863:Tanzania
3828:Suriname
3783:Slovenia
3778:Slovakia
3693:Portugal
3673:Paraguay
3648:Pakistan
3563:Mongolia
3518:Maldives
3513:Malaysia
3438:Kiribati
3358:Honduras
3273:Ethiopia
3268:Eswatini
3223:Dominica
3218:Djibouti
3173:Colombia
3138:Cameroon
3133:Cambodia
3118:Bulgaria
3103:Botswana
3063:Barbados
2950:Oceanian
2904:European
2860:Southern
2793:Sampling
2590:Notation
2524:Big band
2486:Musician
2216:Biblical
2014:Overture
2009:Ostinato
2004:Movement
1899:Bar form
1889:Argument
1819:Archived
1173:See also
1167:oratorio
920:AABACABA
908:descants
891:ostinato
881:Chaconne
732:AABBCCDD
636:concerto
632:symphony
548:galliard
412:B, C, D,
402:writes:
390:Labeling
380:fantasia
354:cadences
122:You may
4103:Warfare
4002:Outline
3958:Vietnam
3943:Vanuatu
3933:Uruguay
3913:Ukraine
3888:Tunisia
3793:Somalia
3753:Senegal
3708:Romania
3623:Nigeria
3588:Namibia
3583:Myanmar
3573:Morocco
3553:Moldova
3478:Liberia
3473:Lesotho
3468:Lebanon
3413:Jamaica
3393:Ireland
3368:Iceland
3363:Hungary
3328:Grenada
3313:Germany
3308:Georgia
3288:Finland
3263:Estonia
3258:Eritrea
3238:Ecuador
3213:Denmark
3188:Croatia
3178:Comoros
3128:Burundi
3093:Bolivia
3073:Belgium
3068:Belarus
3053:Bahrain
3048:Bahamas
3038:Austria
3028:Armenia
3008:Andorra
3003:Algeria
2998:Albania
2877:Central
2845:Central
2840:African
2223:Secular
2206:Martial
2196:Ancient
2069:Section
2049:Reprise
1125:Refrain
924:ABACABA
830:ABACABA
687:refrain
576:czardas
519:Passage
504:passage
476:measure
438:", or
436:B prime
384:Debussy
358:periods
346:phrases
314:harmony
226:scholar
85:Discuss
4012:Albums
3973:Zambia
3908:Uganda
3903:Tuvalu
3893:Turkey
3853:Taiwan
3833:Sweden
3758:Serbia
3718:Rwanda
3713:Russia
3688:Poland
3663:Panama
3638:Norway
3558:Monaco
3548:Mexico
3508:Malawi
3463:Latvia
3448:Kuwait
3443:Kosovo
3423:Jordan
3398:Israel
3348:Guyana
3338:Guinea
3323:Greece
3303:Gambia
3293:France
3198:Cyprus
3143:Canada
3113:Brunei
3108:Brazil
3088:Bhutan
3078:Belize
3013:Angola
2984:
2914:Nordic
2909:Balkan
2744:Single
2649:Method
2600:Lyrics
2564:Theory
2024:Phrase
2019:Period
1994:Melody
1964:Finale
1909:Bridge
1614:
1529:
1504:
1430:
1420:
1398:
1374:
1335:
1325:
1303:
1279:
1254:
1244:
1137:Bridge
1131:Chorus
1101:AABABA
966:themes
922:) or (
889:basso
786:AA′BB′
734:...).
716:Medley
691:bridge
689:, and
640:sonata
638:and a
627:ballet
621:. The
583:minuet
572:chorus
510:, and
499:phrase
488:figure
470:, the
310:melody
306:rhythm
228:
221:
214:
207:
199:
81:merged
4047:Songs
3997:Index
3990:Lists
3968:Yemen
3878:Tonga
3843:Syria
3823:Sudan
3813:Spain
3738:Samoa
3698:Qatar
3653:Palau
3618:Niger
3598:Nepal
3593:Nauru
3528:Malta
3483:Libya
3433:Kenya
3418:Japan
3403:Italy
3373:India
3353:Haiti
3318:Ghana
3298:Gabon
3243:Egypt
3168:China
3163:Chile
3083:Benin
2892:South
2872:Asian
2855:North
2818:Remix
2813:Cover
2771:Remix
2585:Genre
2454:Nafir
2376:Blues
2358:music
2201:Dance
2175:Music
2099:Theme
2064:Rondò
2059:Rondo
1999:Motif
1934:Cycle
1200:Notes
1122:Verse
1098:AAAAA
1086:See
916:Rondo
873:theme
846:ABCBA
724:chain
656:fugue
623:opera
619:suite
601:Cycle
529:verse
512:cycle
508:piece
484:motif
474:of a
472:cells
468:beats
462:into
460:pulse
424:a, b,
326:solos
233:JSTOR
219:books
130:, or
4140:Folk
3873:Togo
3678:Peru
3643:Oman
3523:Mali
3458:Laos
3388:Iraq
3383:Iran
3283:Fiji
3193:Cuba
3158:Chad
2882:East
2865:West
2850:East
2766:Live
2605:Song
2580:Form
2396:Jazz
2054:Riff
1989:Lick
1974:Hook
1954:Drop
1924:Coda
1919:Cell
1871:and
1612:ISBN
1594:link
1565:link
1527:ISBN
1502:ISBN
1446:link
1428:OCLC
1418:ISBN
1396:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1333:OCLC
1323:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1252:OCLC
1242:ISBN
1056:ABAB
1017:coda
960:and
952:and
906:and
879:and
762:AABB
728:ABCD
679:coda
677:and
634:, a
625:and
591:trio
587:AABB
418:and
378:. A
362:Form
338:Form
285:form
205:news
2644:PhD
944:or
926:).
898:or
804:ABA
760:or
722:or
595:ABA
486:or
360:. "
320:or
292:or
188:by
79:be
4212::
1795:.
1660:.
1647:^
1637:.
1626:^
1590:}}
1586:{{
1561:}}
1557:{{
1541:^
1442:}}
1438:{{
1426:.
1370:.
1366:.
1331:.
1288:^
1264:^
1250:.
871:a
840:.
810:.
788:.
782:B'
774:A′
758:AB
718:,
646:.
506:,
440:B″
432:B′
420:B,
408:A.
308:,
300:,
48:.
2167:e
2160:t
2153:v
1861:e
1854:t
1847:v
1641:.
1620:.
1596:)
1567:)
1535:.
1510:.
1448:)
1434:.
1402:.
1380:.
1339:.
1307:.
1283:.
1258:.
869::
844:(
778:B
770:A
514:.
490:.
416:A
336:"
273:)
267:(
255:)
249:(
244:)
240:(
230:·
223:·
216:·
209:·
182:.
153:)
147:(
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138:(
120:.
87:)
55:)
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