Mummy - Knowledge

1247: 228: 579: 563: 2508:), which was originally obtained by grinding human and animal Egyptian mummies. It was most popular in the 17th century, but was discontinued in the early 19th century when its composition became generally known to artists who replaced the said pigment by a totally different blend -but keeping the original name, mummia or mummy brown-yielding a similar tint and based on ground minerals (oxides and fired earths) and or blends of powdered gums and oleoresins (such as myrrh and frankincense) as well as ground bitumen. These blends appeared on the market as forgeries of powdered mummy pigment but were ultimately considered as acceptable replacements, once antique mummies were no longer permitted to be destroyed. Many thousands of mummified cats were also sent from Egypt to England to be processed for use in 2119:, left instructions to be followed upon his death which led to the creation of a sort of modern-day mummy. He asked that his body be displayed to illustrate how the "horror at dissection originates in ignorance"; once so displayed and lectured about, he asked that his body parts be preserved, including his skeleton (minus his skull, which despite being mis-preserved, was displayed beneath his feet until theft required it to be stored elsewhere), which were to be dressed in the clothes he usually wore and "seated in a Chair usually occupied by me when living in the attitude in which I am sitting when engaged in thought". His body, outfitted with a wax head created because of problems preparing it as Bentham requested, is on open display in the 1270:, clay, and sand. Recreations of the sealing process found that chemical reactions with the lime possibly caused a high and prolonged release of heat, which killed bacteria in the bodies. In addition, a large amount of clothing was usually placed inside tombs, which led to a shortage of oxygen inside. Mummies buried using the lime mixture sealing technique reportedly have especially excellently preserved soft skin and hair, which has enabled medical and genetic studies to be performed. Insights have been offered into the lifestyles and pathologies of Korean people during this period. Specific diseases for each individual have been identified. 2096: 1147:. The well-preserved spontaneous mummies, including an infant named dubbed Yasmine, offer insights into Maronite villagers' lives during the Mamluk era. The grotto's high altitude and dry conditions naturally mummified the bodies. The discovery provides historical context, aligning with documented Mamluk raids in the region. Artifacts, including pottery with inscriptions, manuscripts, and clothing, suggest a Maronite community, and the mummies' burial practices parallel present-day Lebanese customs. The remains were called "Maronite mummies" because the individuals found in the 'Asi-al Hadath cave were believed to be 1902: 1383: 1867: 616: 2414: 1757: 883:. After curious deposits and cave paintings were discovered on the surfaces of the cave, expedition leaders decided to excavate. Uncovered alongside fragmented animal bone tools was the mummified body of an infant, wrapped in animal skin and wearing a necklace made of ostrich egg shell beads. Professor Tongiorgi of the University of Pisa radiocarbon-dated the infant to between 5,000 and 8,000 years old. A long incision located on the right abdominal wall, and the absence of internal organs, indicated that the body had been eviscerated 1836:

existed. The historical significance of full-body mummification within Māori culture is acknowledged by science, although there is still debate as to the nature of their exact mummification processes. Some mummies appear to have been spontaneously created by the natural environment, while others exhibit signs of direct human involvement. Generally, modern consensus tends to agree that there could have been a mixture of both types of mummification, similar to that of the Ancient Egyptian culture.

1279: 434: 721:, a naturally occurring salt, for 70 days. Herodotus insists that the body did not stay in the natron longer than 70 days. Any shorter time and the body would not be completely dehydrated; any longer, and the body would be too stiff to move into position for wrapping. The embalmers then washed the body again and wrapped it with linen bandages. The bandages were covered with a gum that modern research has shown is both a waterproofing agent and an antimicrobial agent. 11071: 8747: 8347: 663: 2422: 442: 1832:. In the 19th century, many of the trophies were acquired by Europeans who found the tattooed skin to be a phenomenal curiosity. Westerners began to offer valuable commodities in exchange for the uniquely tattooed mummified heads. The heads were later put on display in museums, 16 of them in France alone. In 2010, the Rouen City Hall of France returned one of the heads to New Zealand, despite earlier protests by the Culture Ministry of France. 826: 8699: 8736: 8767: 8357: 1529: 924: 2195: 1442: 214: 2584:

name instead of "mummy." The shift in language was also intended to distance the display of mummies from their depiction in popular culture, which often "undermined their humanity" by depicting them as supernatural monsters and perpetuating the notion of a "mummy's curse." The change in language is part of a larger effort by museums to address historical bias and reflect on the way they represent the past to audiences. The

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specialized groups, organized according to gender, who were considered unclean by the rest of the community. The techniques for embalming were similar to those of the ancient Egyptians, involving evisceration, preservation, and stuffing of the evacuated bodily cavities, then wrapping the body in animal skins. Despite the successful techniques utilized by the Guanche, very few mummies remain due to looting and desecration.

48: 1650: 1059: 8777: 1674: 8757: 1068: 944: 963:'s history have been discovered in several locations across the country. They are almost exclusively considered to be unintentional mummifications. Many areas in which mummies have been uncovered are difficult for preservation, due to their warm, moist climates. This makes the recovery of mummies a challenge, as exposure to the outside world can cause the bodies to decay in a matter of hours. 575:

tradition held the heart was the seat of thought and feeling and would therefore still be needed in the afterlife. After cleansing, the body was then dried out with natron inside the empty body cavity as well as outside on the skin. The internal organs were also dried and either sealed in individual jars, or wrapped to be replaced within the body. This process typically took forty days.

982:, who was also buried with her alongside another young man often considered to be a very close relative. However, Xin Zhui's body was the only one of the three to be mummified. Her corpse was so well-preserved that surgeons from the Hunan Provincial Medical Institute were able to perform an autopsy. The exact reason why her body was so completely preserved has yet to be determined. 1591:, Italy. Built in the 15th century as a cannon hold and later converted in the 16th century, the crypt had been sealed once it had reached capacity, leaving the bodies to be protected and preserved. The crypt was reopened during restoration work on the church, revealing the diverse array of mummies inside. The bodies were quickly moved to a museum for further study. 1784:, though these mummies have been historically harder to examine and classify. Prior to the 20th century, most literature on mummification in the region was either silent or anecdotal. However, the boom of interest generated by the scientific study of Egyptian mummification lead to more concentrated study of mummies in other cultures, including those of Oceania. 1469:

bronze, consisting of buttons, a belt plate, and rings, showing she was of higher class. All of the hair had been removed from the skull later when farmers had dug through the casket. Her original hairstyle is unknown. The two men wore kilts, and the younger man wore a sheath which contained a bronze dagger. All three mummies were dated to 1351–1345 BC.

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smoked over a fire in order to aid in desiccation. In the case of smoking, some tribes would collect the fat that drained from the body to mix with ocher to create red paint that would then be smeared back on the skin of the mummy. The mummies remained on the platforms, decorated with the clothing and jewelry they wore in life, before being buried.

1693:. Genuine Aztec mummies were "bundled" in a woven wrap and often had their faces covered by a ceremonial mask. Public knowledge of Aztec mummies increased due to traveling exhibits and museums in the 19th and 20th centuries, though these bodies were typically naturally desiccated remains and not actually the mummies associated with Aztec culture. 1858:

mummification was intentional. Some of the reasons for intentional mummification in South America include memorialization, immortalization, and religious offerings. A large number of mummified bodies have been found in pre-Columbian cemeteries scattered around Peru. The bodies had often been wrapped for burial in finely-woven textiles.

340:. While most individual mummies exclusively belong to one category or the other, there are examples of both types being connected to a single culture, such as those from the ancient Egyptian culture and the Andean cultures of South America. Some of the later well-preserved corpses of the mummification were found under 887:, possibly in an effort to preserve the remains. A bundle of herbs found within the body cavity also supported this conclusion. Further research revealed that the child had been around 30 months old at the time of death, though gender could not be determined due to poor preservation of the sex organs. 1599:

The mummies of North America are often steeped in controversy, as many of these bodies have been linked to still-existing native cultures. While the mummies provide a wealth of historically significant data, native cultures and tradition often demands the remains be returned to their original resting

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in Southern Jutland, in 1935. Carbon-14 dating showed that she had died around 1300 BC; examination also revealed that she was around 18–19 years old at the time of death, and that she had been buried in the summertime. Her hair had been drawn up in an elaborate hairstyle, which was then covered by a

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In 1875, the Borum Eshøj grave mound was uncovered, which had been built around three coffins, which belonged to a middle aged man and woman as well as a man in his early twenties. Through examination, the woman was discovered to be around 50–60 years old. She was found with several artifacts made of

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The European continent is home to a diverse spectrum of spontaneous and anthropogenic mummies. Some of the best-preserved mummies have come from bogs located across the region. The Capuchin monks that inhabited the area left behind hundreds of intentionally-preserved bodies that have provided insight

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near the Mongolian border. The mummy was naturally frozen due to the severe climatic conditions of the Siberian steppe. Also known as Princess Ukok, the mummy was dressed in finely detailed clothing and wore an elaborate headdress and jewelry. Alongside her body were buried six decorated horses and a

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to guard the decedent from evil. Once the mummy was completely wrapped, it was coated in resin in order to keep the threat of moist air away. The resin was also applied to the coffin in order to seal it. The mummy was then sealed within its tomb, alongside the worldly goods that were believed to help

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were injected into the incision during the embalming process. "It certainly helped to nullify the decomposition", said Brazilian forensic archaeologist Valdirene Ambiel, responsible for the research. She added that another contributing factor was the casket, saying it was so hermetically sealed that

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of the Inca Empire viewed the mummies in the Inca capital of Cuzco. The mummies were displayed, often in lifelike positions, in the palaces of the deceased emperors and had a retinue of servants to care for them. The Spanish were impressed with the quality of the mummification which involved removal

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in the mid-1980s. Workers digging a trench accidentally broke into the crypt, which began to fill with waste water. The mummies quickly began to deteriorate, though thirty-four were able to be rescued and stored temporarily at the District Museum of the Orlické Mountains until they could be returned

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now have an accurate understanding of how mummification was achieved in ancient Egypt. The first and most important step was to halt the process of decomposition, by removing the internal organs and washing out the body with a mix of spices and palm wine. The only organ left behind was the heart, as

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islands, the inhabitants of which achieved a high level of sophisticated mummification techniques. Australian mummies lack some of the technical ability of the Torres Strait mummies, however much of the ritual aspects of the mummification process are similar. Full-body mummification was achieved by

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were built in the 16th century by the friars of Palermo's Capuchin monastery. Originally intended to hold the deliberately mummified remains of dead friars, interment in the catacombs became a status symbol for the local population in the following centuries. Burials continued until the 1920s, with

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revealed that a number of museums in Britain were rethinking how they described their displays of ancient Egyptian human remains, known as "mummies," in order to emphasize that these individuals were once living people. The museums started using terms such as "mummified person" or the individual's

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is one of the driest areas in the world and the dryness facilitated mummification. Rather than developing elaborate processes such as later-dynasty ancient Egyptians, the early South Americans often left their dead in naturally dry or frozen areas, though some did perform surgical preparation when

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The mummies of the Torres Strait have a considerably higher level of preservation technique as well as creativity compared to those found on Australia. The process began with removal of viscera, after which the bodies were set in a seated position on a platform and either left to dry in the sun or

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research on the other mummies returned similar dates, however, many of these individuals were found to be from a region that is not closely associated with the mine. It was during this time that researchers determined the mine suffered a major collapse, which likely caused the death of the miners.

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The mummies of Asia are usually considered to be accidental. The decedents were buried in just the right place where the environment could act as an agent for preservation. This is particularly common in the desert areas of the Tarim Basin and Iran. Mummies have been discovered in more humid Asian

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people and date to the time before 14th-century Spanish explorers settled in the area. All deceased people within the Guanche culture were mummified during this time, though the level of care taken with embalming and burial varied depending on individual social status. Embalming was carried out by

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In more recent years, CT scanning has become an invaluable tool in the study of mummification by allowing researchers to digitally "unwrap" mummies without risking damage to the body. The level of detail in such scans is so intricate that small linens used in tiny areas such as the nostrils can be

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who ruled Egypt – several Egyptians were imprisoned for boiling mummies to make oil in 1424. However, mummies were in high demand in Europe and it was possible to buy them for the right amount of money. John Snaderson, an English tradesman who visited Egypt in the 16th century shipped six hundred

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compound) that mummified corpses without having to remove the internal organs. The formula for his fluid was never revealed and has not been discovered. Most of the several dozen mummies created with the fluid (including himself and his immediate family) have been lost or were severely damaged by

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mummies, alongside some aristocrats, that were originally interred between 1674 and 1783. In the early 1930s, the mummies were accidentally damaged during repairs, resulting in the loss of 140 bodies. The newly updated airing system preserves the thirty-eight bodies that are currently on display.

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Mummification is one of the defining customs in ancient Egyptian society for people today. The practice of preserving the human body is believed to be a quintessential feature of Egyptian life. Yet even mummification has a history of development and was accessible to different ranks of society in

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There is also evidence that some Māori tribes may have practiced full-body mummification, though the practice is not thought to have been widespread. The discussion of Māori mummification has been historically controversial, with some experts in past decades claiming that such mummies have never

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of the skull. The tool was a rod, made of an organic material, that was used to break apart the brain to allow it to drain out of the nose. This discovery helped to dispel the claim within Herodotus' works that the rod had been a hook made of iron. Earlier experimentation in 1994 by researchers

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suggested that artificial mummification occurred 1,500 years earlier than first thought. This was confirmed in 2018, when tests on a 5,600-year-old mummy in Turin revealed that it had been deliberately mummified using linen wrappings and embalming oils made from conifer resin and aromatic plant

1033:" with "east Asian migrants arriving in the eastern portions of the Tarim Basin around 3,000 years ago", while Mair also notes that it was not until 842 that the Uighur peoples settled in the area. Other mummified remains have been recovered from around the Tarim Basin at sites including 1373:

was discovered in 1950. The corpse was noted for its excellent preservation of the face and feet, which appeared as if the man had recently died. Only the head of Tollund Man remains, due to the decomposition of the rest of his body, which was not preserved along with the head.

1665:, in Greenland. The "Greenland Mummies" consisted of a six-month-old baby, a four-year-old boy, and six women of various ages, who died around 500 years ago. Their bodies were naturally mummified by the sub-zero temperatures and dry winds in the cave in which they were found. 694:

stone and removed the contents of the abdomen. Herodotus does not discuss the separate preservation of these organs and their placement either in special jars or back in the cavity, a process that was part of the most expensive embalming, according to archaeological evidence.

2000:, in the months leading up to sacrifice. The dominant theory for the drugging reasons that, alongside ritual uses, the substances probably made the children more docile. Chewed coca leaves found inside the eldest child's mouth upon her discovery in 1999 supports this theory. 741:

was injected with a syringe into the abdomen. A rectal plug prevented the oil from escaping. This oil probably had the dual purpose of liquefying the internal organs but also of disinfecting the abdominal cavity. (By liquefying the organs, the family avoided the expense of

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mining activity that was scheduled to begin in the area. The mummy is a middle-aged male, found completely dressed and lying on a blanket made of animal skin. Radiocarbon tests in the 1990s dated the mummy to being nearly 9,000 years old. The remains were held at the

1967:. Her body had been so thoroughly frozen that it had not been desiccated; much of her skin, muscle tissue, and internal organs retained their original structure. She is believed to be a ritual sacrifice, due to the close proximity of her body to the Incan capital of 1888:

and continuing for an estimated 3,500 years, all human burials within the Chinchorro culture were prepared for mummification. The bodies were carefully prepared, beginning with removal of the internal organs and skin, before being left in the hot, dry climate of the

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the brain via the cranium, which then drained out the nose by gravity. The embalmers then rinsed the skull with certain drugs that mostly cleared any residue of brain tissue and also had the effect of killing bacteria. Next, the embalmers made an incision along the

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Mummies are typically divided into one of two distinct categories: anthropogenic or spontaneous. Anthropogenic mummies were deliberately created by the living for any number of reasons, the most common being for religious purposes. Spontaneous mummies, such as

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without any traces of deliberate mummification are venerated by some Buddhists who believe they successfully were able to mortify their flesh to death. Self-mummification was practiced until the late 1800s in Japan and has been outlawed since the early 1900s.

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the body's skin and soft tissues. The skeleton typically disintegrates over time. Such mummies are remarkably well preserved on emerging from the bog, with skin and internal organs intact; it is even possible to determine the decedent's last meal by examining

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Bartkusa, Luke; Amarasiriwardena, Dulasiri; Arriaza, Bernardo; Bellis, David; Yañez, Jorge (2011). "Exploring lead exposure in ancient Chilean mummies using a single strand of hair by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)".

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An attempt to find the mummies of the Inca emperors beneath the San Andres hospital in 2001 was unsuccessful. The archaeologists found a crypt, but it was empty. Possibly the mummies had been removed when the building was repaired after an earthquake.

291:. More than 300 scientists attended the Congress to share nearly 100 years of collected data on mummies. The information presented at the meeting triggered a new surge of interest in the subject, with one of the major results being the integration of 1540:

The varied geography and climatology of Italy has led to many cases of spontaneous mummification. Italian mummies display the same diversity, with a conglomeration of natural and intentional mummification spread across many centuries and cultures.

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At this point, the body was given back to the family. These "perfect" mummies were then placed in human-shaped wooden cases. Wealthy people placed these wooden cases in stone sarcophagi that provided further protection. The family placed the

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introduced "Modern Mummification", a service that utilizes modern techniques along with aspects of ancient methods of mummification. The first person to formally undergo Summum's process of modern mummification was the founder of Summum,

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does describe some of the practical logistics of embalming; however, there are only two known copies and each is incomplete. With regards to mummification shown in images, there are apparently also very few. The tomb of Tjay, designated

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term for bitumen, it was thought that mummies possessed healing properties. As a result, it became common practice to grind Egyptian mummies into a powder to be sold and used as medicine. When actual mummies became unavailable, the

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and Ronald Wade supported these findings. While attempting to replicate Egyptian mummification, Brier and Wade discovered that removal of the brain was much easier when the brain was liquefied and allowed to drain with the help of

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In 2010, a team led by forensic archaeologist Stephen Buckley mummified Alan Billis using techniques based on 19 years of research of 18th-dynasty Egyptian mummification. The process was filmed for television, for the documentary

578: 2550:, Heather Pringle writes: "No mummy expert has ever been able to authenticate the story ... Twain seems to be the only published source – and a rather suspect one at that". Pringle also writes that there is no evidence for the " 1125:

Since there is significant archaeological data that indicates the area was not actively inhabited during this time period, current consensus holds that the accident occurred during a brief period of temporary mining activity.

1971:, as well as the fact she was wearing highly intricate clothing to indicate her special social status. Several Incan ceremonial artifacts and temporary shelters uncovered in the surrounding area seem to support this theory. 1024:

population of the region, who claim the area has always belonged to their culture, while it was not until the 10th century that Uighurs are said by scholars to have moved to the region from Central Asia. American Sinologist

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in order to dehydrate corpses for preservation. However, these descriptions are short and fairly vague, leaving scholars to infer the majority of the techniques that were used by studying mummies that have been unearthed.

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to conserve bodies or body parts. The water and fat are replaced by certain plastics, yielding specimens that can be touched, do not smell or decay, and even retain most microscopic properties of the original sample.

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Mummification likely occurred due to a number of factors. One such factor was the airtight seal (especially as the Korean climate is unfavorable to mummification) around the bodies, which was achieved using a mix of

2554:" either. Radford also says that many journalists have not done a good job with their research, and while it is true that mummies were often not shown respect in the 1800s, there is no evidence for this rumor. 993:. The dry desert climate of the basin proved to be an excellent agent for desiccation. For this reason, over 200 Tarim mummies, which are over 4,000 years old, were excavated from a cemetery in the present-day 1948:

was a male child who was presumed to be wealthy due to his well-fed bodily characteristics. He was considered to be the most well-preserved ice mummy in the world until the discovery of Mummy Juanita in 1995.

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applied chemical analyses to Egyptian mummies during this same period, which returned many results about the types of substances used in embalming. Lucas also made significant contributions to the analysis of

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The practice developed into a wide-scale business that flourished until the late 16th century. Two centuries ago, mummies were still believed to have medicinal properties to stop bleeding, and were sold as

1893:, which aided in desiccation. A large number of Chinchorro mummies were also prepared by skilled artisans to be preserved in a more artistic fashion, though the purpose of this practice is widely debated. 3844: 1262:, which prescribed certain burial practices that created conditions favorable to mummification. However, this mummification was likely unintentional, and even culturally seen as ominous and undesirable. 1848:

continent contains some of the oldest mummies in the world, both deliberate and accidental. The bodies were preserved by the best agent for mummification: the environment. The Pacific coastal desert in

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contains three hundred years of mummified remains directly below the main altar. Beginning in the 18th century when the crypt was opened, and continuing until the practice was discontinued in 1787, the

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defines a mummy as "the body of a human being or animal embalmed (according to the ancient Egyptian or some analogous method) as a preparation for burial", citing sources from 1615 AD onward. However,

2519:. European aristocrats would occasionally entertain themselves by purchasing mummies, having them unwrapped, and holding observation sessions. The pioneer of this kind of entertainment in Britain was 2588:, for example, has not banned the use of the term "mummy" in its displays, but has started to use alternative terminology such as "mummified remains" and including the individual's name when known. 2063:

Bodies purported to be those of self-mummified monks are exhibited in several Japanese shrines, and it has been claimed that the monks, prior to their death, stuck to a sparse diet made up of salt,

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Lee, In Sun; Lee, Eun-Joo; Park, Jun Bum; Baek, Seung Hee; Oh, Chang Seok; Lee, Soong Deok; Kim, Yi-Suk; Bae, Gi Dae; Hong, Jung Won; Lim, Do-Sun; Shin, Myung Ho; Seo, Min; Shin, Dong Hoon (2009).

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Ramaroli, V.; Hamilton, J.; Ditchfield, P.; Fazeli, H.; Aali, A.; Coningham, R.A.E.; Pollard, A.M. (November 2010). "The Chehr Abad "Salt men" and the isotopic ecology of humans in ancient Iran".

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and a skirt, including a belt and bronze bracelets. Found with the girl, at her feet, were the cremated remains of a child and, by her head, a box containing some bronze pins, a hairnet, and an

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to the monastery in 2000. The mummies range in age and social status at time of death, with at least two children and one priest. The majority of the Vamberk mummies date from the 18th century.

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The most expensive process was to preserve the body by dehydration and protect against pests, such as insects. Almost all of the actions Herodotus described served one of these two functions.

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Wasef, S.; Wood, R.; Merghani, S. El; Ikram, S.; Curtis, C.; Holland, B.; Willerslev, E.; Millar, C.D.; Lambert, D.M. (2015). "Radiocarbon dating of Sacred Ibis mummies from ancient Egypt".

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come from underground crypts. While there is some evidence of deliberate mummification, most sources state that desiccation occurred naturally due to unique conditions within the crypts.

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culture of the region, the National Council of Khoi Chiefs of South Africa began to make legal demands that the mummy be returned shortly after the body was moved to the Albany Museum in

5736: 1712:). It was thought that minerals in the soil had the preserving effect, however it may rather be due to the warm, arid climate. Mexican mummies are also on display in the small town of 1191:

The Ice Maiden has been a source of some recent controversy. The mummy's skin has suffered some slight decay, and the tattoos have faded since the excavation. Some residents of the

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found in the Camarones Valley, Chile, which dates around 5050 BC. The oldest known naturally mummified human corpse is a severed head dated as 6,000 years old, found in 1936 at the

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through the nose; the gray matter was discarded. Modern mummy excavations have shown that instead of an iron hook inserted through the nose as Herodotus claims, a rod was used to

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Mummies of humans and animals have been found on every continent, both as a result of natural preservation through unusual conditions, and as cultural artifacts. Over one million

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This wooden mummy label was inscribed in black ink. The original cord is still in situ. Roman Period. From Hawara, Fayum, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London

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More than 40 institutions worldwide have facilities for plastination, mainly for medical research and study, and most affiliated to the International Society for Plastination.

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his body and brain in order to revive him in the future. Necessary equipment was purchased abroad, but for a variety of reasons the plan was not realized. Instead his body was

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where they were displayed in the San Andres Hospital. The mummies deteriorated in the humid climate of Lima and eventually they were either buried or destroyed by the Spanish.

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these cultures, but not the level of artistic preservation as found on smaller islands. The reason for this seems to be for easier transport of bodies by more nomadic tribes.

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information on mummies with existing databases. This was not possible prior to the Congress due to the unique and highly specialized techniques required to gather such data.

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in 1599 AD complaining that "these dead bodies are the Mummy which the Phisistians and Apothecaries doe against our willes make us to swallow". These substances were called

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By utilizing current advancements in technology, scientists have been able to uncover a plethora of new information about the techniques used in mummification. A series of

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of the monastery would lay the deceased on a pillow of bricks on the ground. The unique air quality and topsoil within the crypt naturally preserved the bodies over time.

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Chunxiang Li; Hongjie Li; Yinqiu Cui; Chengzhi Xie; Dawei Cai; Wenying Li; Victor H Mair; Zhi Xu; Quanchao Zhang; Idelis Abuduresule; Li Jin; Hong Zhu; Hui Zhou (2010).

1516:, Hungary from the 1729–1838 period. The discovery proved to be scientifically important, and by 2006 an exhibition was established in the Museum of Natural History in 196:

define a mummy as follows: "A human or animal body desiccated by exposure to sun or air. Also applied to the frozen carcase of an animal imbedded in prehistoric snow".

2306:. Billis made the decision to allow his body to be mummified after being diagnosed with terminal cancer in 2009. His body currently resides at London's Gordon Museum. 1741: 4930: 754:. With the body dehydrated, it could be returned to the family. Herodotus does not describe the process of burial of such mummies, but they were perhaps placed in a 1978:

on the border of Argentina and Chile. The three mummies are children, two girls and one boy, who are thought to be sacrifices associated with the ancient ritual of

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known as "Mummy" Pettigrew due to his work. Such unrolling sessions destroyed hundreds of mummies, because the exposure to the air caused them to disintegrate.

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Kim, Yi-Suk; Lee, In Sun; Jung, Go-Un; Kim, Myeung Ju; Oh, Chang Seok; Yoo, Dong Su; Lee, Won-Joon; Lee, Eunju; Cha, Soon Chul; Shin, Dong Hoon (2 July 2014).

1745: 1553: 239:, most structured scientific study began at the beginning of the 20th century. Prior to this, many rediscovered mummies were sold as curiosities or for use in 4988: 3786: 481:. As Egypt gained more prosperity, burial practices became a status symbol for the wealthy as well. This cultural hierarchy led to the creation of elaborate 4089: 2394:

in 1978. Von Hagens has patented the technique in several countries and is heavily involved in its promotion, especially as the creator and director of the

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Many Mahayana Buddhist monks were reported to know their time of death and left their last testaments and their students accordingly buried them sitting in

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More evidence that the Inca left sacrificial victims to die in the elements, and later be unintentionally preserved, came in 1999 with the discovery of the

227: 109:, and radiocarbon dating suggests the Egyptian ibis mummies that have been analyzed were from a time frame that falls between approximately 450 and 250 BC. 2060:) and surrounded by bricks, to be exhumed later, usually after three years. The preserved bodies would then be decorated with paint and adorned with gold. 1246: 279:

Pathological study of mummies saw varying levels of popularity throughout the 20th century. In 1992, the First World Congress on Mummy Studies was held in

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See the article: А.М. и А.А. Панченко «Осьмое чудо света», in the book Панченко А.М. О русской истории и культуре. St. Petersburg: Azbuka, 2003. Page 433.

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In 1990, a team of speleologists uncovered eight mummies, dating back to around 1283 AD, during a rescue excavation in the e 'Asi al-Hadath cave in the

6543: 4959: 3415: 2666: 10174: 5557: 124:, in North America were accurately dated at more than 9,400 years old. Before this discovery, the oldest known deliberate mummy was a child, one of the 11018: 737:

The second process that Herodotus describes was used by middle-class people or people who "wish to avoid expense". In this method, an oil derived from

247:. The first modern scientific examinations of mummies began in 1901, conducted by professors at the English-language Government School of Medicine in 4750: 2350:

there were no micro-organisms in it. Before the reinterment, scientists reembalmed Amélie's mummified body using a method similar to the first one.

607:

capable of living in a variety of environments, has been found in the mummies of ancient Egyptian tombs and can be inhaled when they are disturbed.

8813: 6148: 5821: 1561: 904: 5640: 5593: 2542:, mummy-wrapping linens were said to have been used to manufacture paper. Evidence for the reality of these claims is still equivocal. Researcher 10571: 10312: 9908: 6178: 1600:

places. This has led to many legal actions by Native American councils, leading to most museums keeping mummified remains out of the public eye.

1344:, apparently as a result of murder or ritual sacrifices. In such cases, the acidity of the water, low temperature and lack of oxygen combined to 307:. Such modelling has been utilized to perform digital autopsies on mummies to determine the cause of death and lifestyle, such as in the case of 5849: 5800: 5209: 1748:. After DNA sequencing determined that the remains were in fact related to modern Native Americans, they were repatriated to the tribe in 2016. 750:

for seventy days. At the end of this time, the body was removed and the cedar oil, now containing the liquefied organs, was drained through the

8393: 3845:"The naturally Mummified remains of a Government official from the Qing dynasty (1644-1912) was Unearthed during Construction in central China" 3139: 2515:

During the 19th century, following the discovery of the first tombs and artifacts in Egypt, egyptology was a huge fad in Europe, especially in

619: 5740: 2333:. They were surprised to find that the body of Amélie had been mummified. Skin, hair and internal organs were preserved. Examinations at the 3549:

Aufderheide, Arthur C.; Zlonis, Michael; Cartmell, Larry L.; Zimmerman, Michael R.; Sheldrick, Peter; Cook, Megan; Molto, Joseph E. (1999).

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that have survived only describe the ceremonial rituals involved in embalming, not the actual surgical processes involved. A text known as

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traveling exhibitions, exhibiting plastinated human bodies internationally. He also founded and directs the Institute for Plastination in

1214:, which decorated his chest, and three partially obliterated images which seem to represent two deer and a mountain goat on his left arm. 11011: 8419: 5353: 2561:, some researchers have brought into question these other uses such as making paper and paint, fueling locomotives and fertilizing land. 6516: 5320: 5045: 4280: 3975: 10915: 10860: 10359: 9810: 8320: 702:

was then rinsed with palm wine and an infusion of crushed, fragrant herbs and spices; the cavity was then filled with spices including

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Another Siberian mummy, a man, was discovered much earlier in 1929. His skin was also marked with tattoos of two monsters resembling

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Momies du Liban: Rapport préliminaire sur la découverte archéologique de 'Asi-l-Hadat (XIIIe siècle), GERSL, (France, 1993), p. 58.

3730: 3330: 6032: 5097: 1637:. According to the Kwäday Dän Ts'ìnchi Project, the remains are the oldest well preserved mummy discovered in North America. (The 997:

region. The mummies were found buried in upside-down boats with hundreds of 13-foot-long wooden poles in the place of tombstones.

11002: 8720: 8548: 7336: 1108:

As of 2012, at least eight mummified human remains have been recovered from the Douzlakh Salt Mine at Chehr Abad in northwestern

3819: 10853: 6653: 2354: 1151:, an indigenous Christian community in the region. Some of the mummies have been transferred to the National Museum of Beirut. 393: 390: 388: 116:, deliberate mummification was a feature of several ancient cultures in areas of America and Asia with very dry climates. The 10824: 7397: 7361: 6376: 5693: 5150: 3340: 2293:, who died in January 2008. Summum is currently considered to be the only "commercial mummification business" in the world. 10867: 8806: 8666: 7331: 4934: 1622: 3524: 2820: 966:

An example of a Chinese mummy that was preserved despite being buried in an environment not conducive to mummification is

10680: 8780: 8538: 8533: 8414: 7633: 6275: 4242: 368: 6571: 6533: 6152: 5018: 4882: 642: 10995: 10751: 8386: 7366: 6659: 4578: 3102: 1626: 830: 5496: 4553: 9937: 8843: 8503: 7341: 6623: 6445: 6430: 6412: 6397: 6358: 6340: 6322: 6190: 6046: 6011: 5080: 4824: 4808: 4454: 3043: 2242: 1361:

in 1835. She was erroneously identified as an early medieval Danish queen, and for that reason was placed in a royal

907:

in 1999. Nicknamed Moses, the mummy was estimated to be around 2,000 years old. After being linked to the indigenous

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different ways during different periods. There were at least three different processes of mummification according to

2224: 1485:

technique. She was wearing a blouse and a necklace as well as two golden earrings, showing she was of higher class.

11107: 10874: 10777: 10144: 10031: 8656: 8424: 6703: 4992: 2318: 1737: 170:

term "mummy" was defined as "medical preparation of the substance of mummies", rather than the entire corpse, with

5166:"Detroit Science Center: The Accidental Mummies of Guanajuato Touring Exhibition to Make World Debut in Detroit". 3793: 3393: 453:

mummies were created naturally due to the environment in which they were buried. In 2014, an 11-year study by the

10836: 10556: 9947: 8985: 8799: 8688: 8634: 8486: 7869: 7321: 7011: 6248: 5945: 3949: 1583:

The most recent discovery of mummies in Italy came in 2010, when sixty mummified human remains were found in the

813:

In addition to the mummies of Egypt, there have been instances of mummies being discovered in other areas of the

509: 90:

further if kept in cool and dry conditions. Some authorities restrict the use of the term to bodies deliberately

3165: 817:. The bodies show a mix of anthropogenic and spontaneous mummification, with some being thousands of years old. 10958: 10791: 8760: 8661: 2220: 1641:

although not well preserved, is much older.) Initial radiocarbon tests date the mummy to around 550 years-old.

1406: 1299:) was discovered on this continent. New mummies continue to be uncovered in Europe well into the 21st century. 533:

is one of the most detailed descriptions of the Egyptian mummification process, including the mention of using

4963: 4931:"Dr Stefano Vanin's forensic expertise is used to learn lessons from the extraordinary Mummies of Roccapelago" 4904: 2670: 1614: 1609: 11102: 10965: 10169: 9699: 8959: 8447: 8442: 8379: 7417: 7095: 5565: 4118: 3923: 9027: 4172:

Aali, Abolfazl; Abar, Aydin; Boenke, Nicole; Pollard, Mark; Rühli, Frank; Stöllne, Thomas (September 2012).

4064: 1520:. Unique to the Hungarian mummies are their elaborately decorated coffins, with no two being exactly alike. 1254:

Mummies have been discovered in Korea that have been dated to around the 15th to 19th centuries, during the

10164: 9704: 9177: 8594: 8469: 8437: 7895: 7439: 7346: 7313: 4330: 2142: 1828:

tribes from New Zealand would keep mummified heads as trophies from tribal warfare. They are also known as

1565: 956: 8853: 5440: 4417:"Acute traumatic death of a 17th century general based on examination of mummified remains found in Korea" 4416: 4174:"Ancient salt mining and salt men: the interdisciplinary Chehrabad Douzlakh project in north-western Iran" 3178: 10949: 9130: 8678: 8641: 8589: 8508: 7351: 6548: 5974:

Daly, N. (1994). "That Obscure Object of Desire: Victorian Commodity Culture and Fictions of the Mummy".

2330: 5919: 4681: 4014:"Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age" 10432: 10233: 8528: 6910: 6905: 6314: 5648: 2637: 2082: 1936:. These are collectively known as "ice mummies". The first Incan ice mummy was discovered in 1954 atop 1492:, dated to 1370 BC, was also found inside a sealed coffin within a tumulus, in 1921. She was wearing a 900: 193: 3667: 3300:

Brier, Bob; Wade, Ronald S. (June 2001). "Surgical procedures during ancient Egyptian mummification".

2326: 1700:. A collection of these mummies, most of which date to the late 19th century, have been on display at 10238: 10053: 8651: 8619: 8604: 8599: 8498: 8452: 7718: 7588: 2120: 2095: 1235: 542: 470: 182: 3143: 3127: 2966:

Baldock, C; Hughes, SW; Whittaker, DK; Taylor, J; Davis, R; Spencer, AJ; Tonge, K; Sofat, A (1994).

2314: 10427: 9519: 9064: 8770: 8646: 8567: 8518: 6418: 3242: 3201: 2632: 2205: 1975: 1905: 1713: 1572: 1533: 372: 9591: 9586: 5619: 10673: 10544: 10454: 9626: 9393: 9212: 9145: 8877: 8196: 8191: 8119: 8041: 7326: 6038: 3983: 3367:"The Greek historian Herodotus on the process of mummification – and he has been proven accurate" 2500: 2209: 1085: 489: 474: 333: 17: 6590: 3370: 3103:"Mummy studies contribute to knowledge of Northern Finnish disease history – University of Oulu" 1901: 1295:

into the customs and cultures of people from various eras. One of the oldest mummies (nicknamed

477:(about 2800 BC). Egyptians saw the preservation of the body after death as an important step to 328:, were created unintentionally due to natural conditions such as extremely dry heat or cold, or 10983: 10632: 10506: 10112: 10003: 9991: 9687: 9428: 9267: 8904: 8838: 8822: 8750: 8683: 8523: 8231: 8124: 7864: 7770: 7735: 7356: 7167: 7083: 6385: 2602: 2216: 2014:

The population revered the mummies of the Inca emperors. This reverence seemed idolatry to the

1705: 1401: 1387: 268: 39: 5531: 4703: 1708:

since 1970. The museum claims to have the smallest mummy in the world on display (a mummified

492:(about 2600 BC) Egyptian embalmers began to achieve "true mummification" through a process of 11050: 10899: 10809: 10784: 10769: 10715: 10690: 10371: 10307: 10181: 9874: 9800: 9574: 9569: 9507: 9446: 9383: 9331: 9324: 8870: 8715: 8114: 8036: 7849: 7745: 7681: 7646: 7284: 7090: 7058: 6829: 6616: 5470: 5324: 5182: 5049: 4773: 4306: 2391: 2325:(also King of Portugal as Pedro IV). Between February and September 2012, researchers at the 1697: 1696:

Natural mummification has been known to occur in several places in Mexico; this includes the

1382: 998: 571: 526: 166:

meaning wax. The meaning of "corpse preserved by desiccation" developed post-medievally. The

9756: 3874: 3596:

Horne, Patrick; Ireland, Robert (1991). "Moss and a Guanche Mummy: An Unusual Utilization".

3081: 1866: 11075: 11056: 11025: 10744: 10737: 10637: 10588: 10583: 10566: 10561: 10539: 10329: 10043: 9896: 9788: 9692: 9485: 9170: 8969: 8912: 8740: 8698: 8555: 8464: 8457: 8226: 8079: 7968: 7930: 7920: 7686: 7053: 6932: 6697: 4653: 4358: 4133: 2701: 2607: 2166: 1682: 473:. Mummification was an integral part of the rituals for the dead beginning as early as the 462: 458: 413: 256: 87: 9140: 4493:

Shin, Dong Hoon; Bianucci, Raffaella; Fujita, Hisashi; Hong, Jong Ha (13 September 2018).

2413: 105:

have been found in Egypt, many of which are cats. Many of the Egyptian animal mummies are

8: 10928: 10730: 10723: 10699: 10627: 10292: 10097: 9930: 9463: 9336: 9217: 9192: 8560: 8481: 8286: 8151: 7451: 7192: 7172: 7152: 7115: 7004: 4836: 4347:"Radiological Diagnosis of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in 17t h Century Korean Mummy" 4117:

Deter-Wolf, Aaron; Robitaille, Benoît; Krutak, Lars; Galliot, Sébastien (February 2016).

3901: 2837: 2642: 2574: 2481: 2145:, envisioned scientific resurrection of dead people. The idea was so popular that, after 1259: 1164: 1006: 871:

The mummified remains of an infant were discovered during an expedition by archaeologist

4362: 4137: 3763: 3734: 2705: 1354: 935:

climates; however, these are subject to rapid decay after being removed from the grave.

10666: 10578: 10481: 10383: 10196: 9378: 9108: 9074: 8614: 8577: 8476: 8332: 8236: 8176: 8136: 8084: 8016: 7988: 7900: 7854: 7446: 7078: 7048: 6797: 6674: 6346: 5991: 5298: 5229: 5101: 4794:

Hogan, C. Michael, Girl Barrow, The Megalithic Portal, editor A. Burnham 4 October 2007

4529: 4494: 4389: 4346: 4149: 4040: 4013: 3613: 3578: 3311: 3302: 3024: 2984: 2539: 2387: 2154: 1881: 1875: 1625:), was found in August 1999 by three First Nations hunters at the edge of a glacier in 1449:

Apart from several bog bodies, Denmark has also yielded several other mummies, such as

856: 454: 125: 79: 6405:

The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West

2538:(likely as a joke or humor), but the truth of the story remains debatable. During the 10923: 10846: 10817: 10620: 10610: 10600: 10549: 10206: 10124: 9418: 9403: 9388: 9368: 9259: 9238: 9049: 8892: 8572: 8513: 8104: 8099: 7943: 7925: 7558: 7546: 6708: 6510: 6441: 6426: 6408: 6393: 6372: 6354: 6336: 6318: 6186: 6121: 6042: 5146: 5076: 4820: 4804: 4728: 4534: 4516: 4436: 4394: 4376: 4220: 4153: 4045: 3570: 3505: 3336: 3028: 2989: 2755: 2322: 2268: 2174: 2132: 1885: 1756: 1728: 1638: 1618: 1345: 1002: 814: 707: 654:. They range from "the most perfect" to the method employed by the "poorer classes". 599: 545:

performed on a 2,400-year-old mummy in 2008 revealed a tool that was left inside the

500: 280: 236: 117: 5410: 5233: 4495:"Mummification in Korea and China: Mawangdui, Song, Ming and Joseon Dynasty Mummies" 11112: 10615: 10522: 10265: 10048: 9848: 9768: 9724: 9524: 9346: 9197: 9157: 8629: 8543: 8360: 8313: 8211: 8026: 8021: 7978: 7755: 7750: 7536: 7402: 7392: 7294: 7279: 7264: 7215: 7068: 6968: 6852: 6757: 6609: 6596: 5983: 5221: 4524: 4506: 4428: 4384: 4366: 4212: 4141: 4035: 4025: 3605: 3562: 3497: 3020: 3016: 2979: 2745: 2737: 2709: 2622: 2531: 2520: 2329:

in Brazil exhumed her remains, as well as those of her husband and his first wife,

2256: 2045: 2035: 1988:

of the mummies has revealed that the victims had consumed increasing quantities of

1630: 1577: 1473: 1454: 1429: 1283: 1231: 1160: 1134: 1018: 791: 699: 348: 341: 325: 292: 30:

This article is about the preserved person or animal. For the maternal parent, see

10107: 10063: 6117: 5701: 5670: 2169:

in Moscow, where it is displayed to this day. The mausoleum itself was modeled by

624: 263:

used the only X-ray machine in Cairo at the time to examine the mummified body of

205:

are known as "mummy wasps" because they wrap their caterpillar prey as "mummies".

10496: 10466: 10228: 10156: 10134: 10092: 9987: 9957: 9822: 9817: 9468: 9351: 8922: 8301: 8266: 8216: 8171: 8146: 7785: 7656: 7515: 7387: 7382: 7299: 7249: 7242: 7230: 7140: 6942: 6900: 6751: 6686: 6575: 6537: 6366: 6174: 6015: 5850:"Restos da imperatriz consorte: O impressionante corpo mumificado de Dona Amélia" 4371: 4145: 4094: 3470: 3452: 3434: 2968:"3-D reconstruction of an ancient Egyptian mummy using x-ray computer tomography" 2798: 2741: 2713: 2627: 2443: 2264: 2170: 2138: 1509: 1369:, where she currently remains. Another bog body, also from Denmark, known as the 1267: 1223: 1176: 846: 782:

for seventy days and returned to the family. Herodotus gives no further details.

687: 171: 75: 4586: 4432: 2776: 1884:

are the oldest intentionally prepared mummified bodies ever found. Beginning in

1825: 10605: 10532: 10354: 10319: 10250: 10139: 10011: 9719: 9304: 9294: 9115: 9096: 8609: 8350: 8074: 7905: 7666: 7601: 7434: 7412: 7289: 7237: 6997: 5826: 5291:

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland

2824: 2585: 2570: 2146: 2116: 2112: 2099: 2053: 2015: 2004: 2003:

The bodies of Inca emperors and wives were mummified after death. In 1533, the

1989: 1964: 1937: 1909: 1890: 1394: 1192: 1140: 1031:

the earliest mummies in the Tarim Basin were exclusively Caucasoid, or Europoid

1026: 852: 632: 546: 499:

The few documents that directly describe the mummification process date to the

493: 296: 288: 167: 121: 102: 35: 7807: 5100:. Internet Journal for Teotihuacan Archaeology and Iconography. Archived from 4819:

Michaelsen, K.K. Politikens bog om Danmarks Oldtid. Politiken, Denmark, 2002.

4238: 1545: 1412:

Approximately fifty mummies were discovered in an abandoned crypt beneath the

521:

Another text that describes the processes being used in the latter periods is

11091: 10889: 10491: 10476: 10422: 10400: 10297: 10285: 10201: 10070: 9952: 9913: 9901: 9889: 9601: 9512: 9441: 9182: 9125: 9103: 9012: 8944: 8939: 8917: 8402: 8109: 8094: 8051: 8009: 7963: 7797: 7775: 7651: 7618: 7510: 7485: 6937: 6857: 6735: 6528: 6524: 5469:

Arriaza, Bernardo; Hapke, Russell A.; Standen, Vivien G. (16 December 1998).

5022: 4991:. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resources Operations. Archived from 4520: 4380: 3574: 3509: 2759: 2516: 2485: 2472: 2456: 2290: 2178: 2150: 2057: 2039: 1952: 1845: 1797: 1781: 1313: 1238:

and among others. The mummies are dated between the 14th and 19th centuries.

1180:

symbolic meal for her last journey. Her left arm and hand were tattooed with

1021: 986: 880: 872: 628: 496:. Much of this early experimentation with mummification in Egypt is unknown. 450: 260: 240: 217: 113: 9032: 6249:"Bandages, Bitumen, Bodies and Business – Egyptian mummies as raw materials" 5946:"Bandages, Bitumen, Bodies and Business – Egyptian mummies as raw materials" 5071:

Hart Hansen, Jens Peder; Meldgaard, Jørgen; Nordqvist, Jørgen, eds. (1991).

4011: 3489: 3106: 2259:

conducted experiments in mummification at his laboratory in the forest near

2018:

Spanish and in 1550 they confiscated the mummies. The mummies were taken to

1657:

In 1972, eight remarkably preserved mummies were discovered at an abandoned

1278: 1120:

testing conducted in 2008 dated three of the bodies to around 400 BC. Later

770:

The third and least expensive method the embalmers offered was to clear the

615: 518:, is one of only two known which show the wrapping of a mummy (Riggs 2014). 11032: 10410: 10366: 10347: 10302: 10102: 10026: 9783: 9778: 9734: 9361: 9243: 9207: 9187: 9039: 9017: 8929: 8671: 8325: 8206: 8089: 7973: 7890: 7814: 7802: 7661: 7568: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7423: 7274: 7254: 7197: 7182: 7073: 6973: 6880: 6491:"Scientists Discovered Why Fetus 'Pickled' Inside Mummified Woman's Uterus" 6028: 5210:"North America's oldest mummy returned to US tribe after genome sequencing" 4538: 4511: 4440: 4398: 4328:

Polosmak, Natalya (1994). "A Mummy Unearthed from the Pastures of Heaven".

4224: 4173: 4049: 4030: 3267: 2597: 2460: 2375: 2370: 2338: 2007: 1985: 1980: 1196: 1181: 1172: 1042: 1010: 896: 711: 478: 10459: 4462: 3705: 2993: 2358: 1199:, have requested the return of the Ice Maiden, who is currently stored in 1034: 682: 433: 10449: 10439: 10395: 10390: 10342: 10280: 10243: 10216: 10117: 10087: 9962: 9884: 9805: 9793: 9554: 9539: 9529: 9500: 9458: 9373: 9341: 9289: 9222: 9059: 8934: 8791: 8281: 8276: 8246: 8201: 8181: 8166: 8161: 8141: 8058: 7983: 7953: 7910: 7740: 7623: 7259: 7225: 7157: 7135: 7130: 7120: 6947: 6823: 6225: 5618:

McCaa, Robert; Nimlos, Aleta; Hampe Martinez, Teodoro (27 January 2017).

3686: 2551: 2543: 2489: 2488:. Artists also made use of Egyptian mummies; a brownish pigment known as 2448: 2439: 2395: 2353:

The remains of Amélie, Pedro I, and Maria Leopoldina are interred in the

2281: 2064: 1945: 1921: 1777: 1690: 1588: 1557: 1489: 1458: 1370: 1362: 1325: 1200: 1112:. Due to their salt preservation, these bodies are collectively known as 1014: 990: 979: 912: 743: 726: 559:, as opposed to trying to pull the organ out piece by piece with a hook. 556: 308: 304: 273: 264: 221: 106: 95: 71: 6471: 6276:"Don't say 'mummy': Why museums are rebranding ancient Egyptian remains" 5764:"Summum: Religious group performs mummification rituals in Utah pyramid" 3315: 2750: 666:

Simplistic representation of the Ancient Egyptian mummification process.

158:

embalming substance. This word was borrowed from Persian where it meant

10593: 10486: 10444: 10260: 10223: 10186: 10082: 9669: 9581: 9408: 9309: 9282: 9202: 9000: 8954: 8865: 8833: 8710: 8371: 8251: 8221: 8186: 8156: 8129: 8031: 7859: 7819: 7671: 7628: 7606: 7573: 7269: 7187: 7145: 7125: 7035: 6978: 6920: 6593:, "History of Egypt Podcast" series by Eyptologist Dominic Perry (2020) 5995: 5801:"King's College London – Museum's final resting place for modern mummy" 5302: 4216: 3617: 3582: 2845: 2535: 2509: 2421: 2399: 1662: 970:. Also known as Lady Dai, she was discovered in the early 1970s at the 771: 759: 755: 662: 638: 155: 52: 6555: 6390:

Warrior Women: An Archaeologist's Search for History's Hidden Heroines

6008: 5247: 4629: 3550: 1230:

culture and their heritage. The mummies are found in some areas named

441: 10501: 10270: 10255: 9853: 9838: 9763: 9746: 9664: 9549: 9490: 9480: 9475: 9398: 9277: 9165: 9091: 8858: 8848: 8296: 8291: 8256: 8046: 7938: 7723: 7676: 7613: 7578: 7553: 7429: 7110: 7105: 6963: 5923: 3648: 3636: 3501: 2884: 2726: 2612: 2426: 2260: 2162: 1941: 1925: 1913: 1829: 1819: 1793: 1773: 1761: 1168: 1148: 1117: 971: 825: 651: 551: 522: 91: 7874: 5987: 5289:

Dawson, Warren (1928). "Mummification in Australia and in America".

5225: 3609: 3566: 2194: 1552:, the mummy is a 5,300-year-old male believed to be a member of the 1528: 923: 78:

have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to

10275: 10211: 10058: 10016: 9751: 9659: 9534: 9356: 9319: 9299: 8582: 8271: 8241: 7792: 7780: 7713: 7541: 7210: 7177: 7063: 7043: 6791: 6089: 6063: 5763: 5098:"Notes I-3: Teotihuacan Incensarios: The 'V' Manta and Its Message" 4908: 2967: 2908: 2558: 2468: 2158: 1920:

Several naturally-preserved, unintentional mummies dating from the

1517: 1441: 1337: 1308: 1287: 994: 975: 967: 948: 928: 908: 859: 834: 691: 352: 337: 284: 213: 201: 83: 3548: 1870:

Chinchorro mummies are the oldest artificial mummies on the earth.

10337: 10129: 10075: 10021: 9843: 9649: 9559: 9413: 9314: 9272: 9135: 9054: 9007: 8995: 8624: 8308: 7948: 7915: 7760: 7708: 7469: 7407: 7220: 7100: 6925: 4116: 2464: 2452: 2379: 2342: 1769: 1717: 1649: 1544:

The oldest natural mummy in Europe was discovered in 1991 in the

1497: 1477: 1445:

The Skrydstrup Woman was unearthed from a grave mound in Denmark.

1425: 1417: 1358: 1350: 1333: 1321: 1317: 1211: 1204: 1144: 1121: 1113: 1103: 1077: 1038: 884: 678: 504: 356: 159: 47: 6601: 6423:

The Mummy Congress: Science, Obsession, and the Everlasting Dead

5019:"Sensitivity Run Amok May Silence the Spirit Cave Mummy Forever" 4202: 2669:. news.nationalgeographic.com. 15 September 2004. Archived from 2056:, put into a vessel with drying agents (such as wood, paper, or 1549: 1296: 879:

during the winter of 1958–1959 in the natural cave structure of

321: 231:

A 550-year-old Peruvian child mummy being prepared for a CT scan

10933: 10405: 9942: 9920: 9773: 9709: 9654: 9044: 9022: 8990: 8964: 8261: 7958: 7728: 7596: 7520: 7162: 5897: 4774:"Skrydstrup, We know where she lived – 1001 Stories of Denmark" 4184:(333). Durham, UK: Department of Archaeology, Durham University 4000:

University also found that the mummies' DNA had Europoid genes.

3332:

Unwrapping Ancient Egypt: The Shroud, the Secret and the Sacred

3007:

Gewolb, Josh (28 September 2001). "Computer identifies mummy".

2647: 2617: 2494: 2431: 2408: 2285: 1997: 1956: 1924:

period (1438–1532 AD) have been found in the colder regions of

1673: 1634: 1493: 1482: 1462: 1329: 1255: 1227: 1089: 779: 751: 747: 738: 718: 604: 591: 534: 329: 244: 175: 67: 31: 4803:

Barber, E.W. The Mummies of Ürümchi. Macmillan, London, 1999.

1513: 1058: 729:

in the tomb upright against the wall, according to Herodotus.

359:. There are also cases that fall outside of these categories. 94:

with chemicals, but the use of the word to cover accidentally

10191: 9925: 9879: 9741: 9596: 9544: 9120: 9086: 7844: 7824: 7765: 7020: 5737:"Summum: Homegrown spiritual group, in news and in a pyramid" 5140: 5070: 3997: 2346: 1968: 1960: 1929: 1854: 1776:. Discoveries of mummified remains have also been located in 1732: 1709: 1686: 1658: 1584: 1366: 960: 943: 876: 838: 797: 775: 703: 674: 587: 345: 252: 248: 63: 10658: 6582:

Mummies Around the World – Dried, Smoked, or Thrown in a Bog

6509: 6365:

Cockburn, Aidan; Cockburn, Eve; Reyman, Theodore A. (1998).

5875: 4239:"Publications | GERSL : Speleology : Lebanon" 3475:

To Live Forever: Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum

3457:

To Live Forever: Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum

3439:

To Live Forever: Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum

3179:"Embalming study 'rewrites' key chapter in Egyptian history" 2965: 2932: 235:

While interest in the study of mummies dates as far back as

10417: 10378: 9858: 9714: 9644: 9564: 9436: 8949: 6371:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 5380:"The Practice of Mummification Among the New Zealand Maori" 5259: 3604:(4). American Bryological and Lichenological Society: 407. 2949: 2947: 2527: 2255:

In late 19th-century Venezuela, a German-born doctor named

2076: 2072: 2068: 2019: 1993: 1933: 1850: 1508:

In 1994, 265 mummified bodies were found in the crypt of a

1185: 1109: 1067: 586:

After dehydration, the mummy was wrapped in many layers of

570:

Through various methods of study over many decades, modern

515: 482: 6591:

Interview with Prof. Ann Rosalie David on Egyptian mummies

6470:

Frayling, Christopher (writer/narrator/presenter) (1992).

6090:"Unrolling Egyptian Mummies in Nineteenth-Century Britain" 6064:"Unrolling Egyptian Mummies in Nineteenth-Century Britain" 6018:

article by Kremer Pigmente GmbH & Co NYC, (in German).

4933:. University of Huddersfield. 24 July 2013. Archived from 4851: 4601: 2471:. The trade in mummies seems to have been frowned upon by 710:, and, Herodotus notes, "every other sort of spice except 9729: 9495: 9453: 6034:

Kleinwort, Benson: the history of two families in banking

5617: 2920: 2878: 2866: 1341: 27:

Human or animal whose skin and organs have been preserved

6989: 6206:

Dane, Joseph A. (1995). "The Curse of the Mummy Paper".

5126:"Professor unravels secrets of the Guanajuato mummies". 3274:. UCLA Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures 3220:"Mummy Helps Confirm Earliest Egyptian Embalming Recipe" 2944: 2896: 746:

and separate preservation.) The body was then placed in

590:

cloth. Within the layers, Egyptian priests placed small

154:(مومياء) which meant an embalmed corpse, as well as the 5143:

Guanajuato: Guia para descubrir los encantos del estado

2137:

During the early 20th century, the Russian movement of

985:

Among the mummies discovered in China are those termed

6364: 6351:

The Mummy, A Handbook of Egyptian Funerary Archaeology

5253: 4492: 4281:"Siberian Princess reveals her 2,500 year old tattoos" 4065:"The Dead Tell a Tale China Doesn't Care to Listen To" 3692: 3654: 3642: 3630: 3523:

Steyn, Maryna; Binneman, Johan; Loots, Marius (2007).

3459:. Brooklyn, New York: Brooklyn Museum. pp. 50–51. 2914: 2890: 2691: 2080: 1746:

Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act

1587:

of the Conversion of St Paul church in Roccapelago di

469:

The preservation of the dead had a profound effect on

86:, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not 4554:"Solved: the mystery of Britain's Bronze Age mummies" 4171: 1258:

period. This is thought to be because of the rise of

1159:

In 1993, a team of Russian archaeologists led by Dr.

98:

bodies goes back to at least the early 17th century.

6597:

The Virtual Mummy: Unwrapping a Mummy by Mouse Click

6476:(TV series). British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 5352:. Australian Geographic. 10 May 2011. Archived from 2857:

OED, "Mummy, 1", citing Hakluyr's "Voyages, II, 201"

2667:"Egyptian Animals Were Mummified Same Way as Humans" 1731:

was discovered in 1940 during salvage work prior to

1653:

The mummy of a six-month-old boy found in Qilakitsoq

978:. She was the wife of the Marquis of Dai during the 5969: 5967: 5468: 5145:(in Spanish). Madrid, Spain: Solaris. p. 103. 4907:. South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology. Archived from 3551:"Human Mummification Practices at Ismant el-Kharab" 3490:"The origins of Christian veneration of body-parts" 1560:. Despite his age, a recent DNA study conducted by 566:

The Egyptian human mummy at Indian Museum, Kolkata.

6353:. Dover Publ. Reprint: New York: Dover Ed., 1989, 4488: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4480: 3522: 3477:. Brooklyn, New York: Brooklyn Museum. p. 52. 3441:. Brooklyn, New York: Brooklyn Museum. p. 50. 3429: 3427: 1940:in Chile, after an eruption of the nearby volcano 1580:. In all, the catacombs host nearly 8000 mummies. 803: 657: 449:Until recently, it was believed that the earliest 6145:"Necessity of paper was the 'mummy' of invention" 4583:The Tollund Man – A Face from Prehistoric Denmark 4410: 4408: 4231: 3416:"Egypt's 'King Tut Curse' Caused by Tomb Toxins?" 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 2455:people were substituted by mendacious merchants. 1792:The aboriginal mummification traditions found in 1005:characteristic of western Eurasia in the area of 717:The body was further dehydrated by placing it in 11089: 10834: 5964: 4585:. Silkeborg Public Library. 2004. Archived from 4275: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4257: 3394:"Oops! Brain-Removal Tool Left in Mummy's Skull" 3268:"Funerary Rituals (Ptolemaic and Roman Periods)" 3199: 2390:when working at the anatomical institute of the 1689:culture. These bodies are collectively known as 1045:, Shanpula (Sampul), Zaghunluq, and Qizilchoqa. 6181:Double Fold: Libraries and the Assault on Paper 6136: 4477: 3424: 3322: 3202:"This Ancient Mummy Is Older Than the Pharaohs" 3082:"An Overview of Mummification in Ancient Egypt" 2842:New English Dictionary on Historical Principles 1568:revealed Ötzi has 19 living genetic relatives. 485:, and more sophisticated methods of embalming. 6094:The British Journal for the History of Science 6068:The British Journal for the History of Science 5728: 5141:Jimenez Gonzalez; Victor Manuel, eds. (2009). 4624: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4414: 4405: 4005: 3868: 3866: 3286: 1461:, who were all found inside burial mounds, or 10674: 8807: 8387: 7005: 6617: 6544:U.S. Museum to Return Ramses I Mummy to Egypt 6534:Comparison Between Egyptian and Incan Mummies 6392:. Paperback edition. New York: Warner Books. 5497:"The Fascinating Afterlife of Peru's Mummies" 5373: 5371: 5314: 5312: 4729:"Historical knowledge – the story of Denmark" 4344: 4266: 2011:of the organs, embalming, and freeze-drying. 1796:are thought be related to those found in the 129: 6112: 6110: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5558:"Interview: "Inca Mummy Man" Johan Reinhard" 5128:US Fed News Service, Including US State News 4923: 4648: 4646: 3595: 3361: 3359: 2409:Treatment of ancient mummies in modern times 758:. Poorer people used coffins fashioned from 6403:Mallory, J. P. and Mair, Victor H. (2000). 6308: 5634: 5632: 5594:"Inca Child Sacrifice Victims Were Drugged" 5471:"Making the Dead Beautiful: Mummies as Art" 5464: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5265: 4897: 4857: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4613: 4607: 4455:"Korean child mummy holds clues to disease" 3982:. News World Communications. Archived from 3898:"Mawangdui – The Tomb of Lady Dai in China" 3872: 3863: 3754: 3752: 3724: 3722: 2953: 2938: 2926: 2902: 2223:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1944:melted away ice that covered the body. The 1428:catacombs currently house an exhibition of 208: 10681: 10667: 8821: 8814: 8800: 8394: 8380: 7012: 6998: 6718: 6624: 6610: 5721: 5719: 5490: 5488: 5368: 5344: 5342: 5309: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5276: 5274: 4989:"Kwäday Dän Ts'ìnchi Project Introduction" 4983: 4981: 4905:"Which cultural group did Ötzi belong to?" 4875:"5 Surprising Facts About Otzi the Iceman" 4196: 4126:Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 3976:"Caucasians preceded East Asians in basin" 2823:. Dictionary.reference.com. Archived from 2694:Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2165:and placed on permanent exhibition in the 1548:on the Austrian-Italian border. Nicknamed 150:, a borrowing of the medieval Arabic word 7034: 6142: 6107: 6087: 5691: 5580: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5377: 4954: 4952: 4723: 4721: 4643: 4528: 4510: 4421:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 4388: 4370: 4300: 4298: 4205:American Journal of Physical Anthropology 4039: 4029: 3356: 3303:Chungara: Revista de Antropología Chilena 3299: 3044:"Did King Tut Die in a Chariot Accident?" 2983: 2749: 2309: 2243:Learn how and when to remove this message 1393:The majority of mummies recovered in the 1286:under the floor of St. Michael Church in 610: 255:of a mummy came in 1903, when professors 8401: 6218: 6061: 5898:"International Society for Plastination" 5785:"Mummifying Alan: Egypt's Last Secret". 5629: 5591: 5551: 5549: 5455: 5402: 5207: 5012: 5010: 4667: 4327: 4321: 3950:"A Host of Mummies, a Forest of Secrets" 3749: 3719: 3624: 3469: 3451: 3433: 3261: 3259: 3240: 3234: 3166:On the origins of Egyptian mummification 3041: 2972:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2420: 2412: 2094: 1900: 1865: 1755: 1672: 1648: 1527: 1440: 1381: 1357:was discovered by labourers in a bog in 1277: 1245: 942: 922: 824: 661: 614: 577: 561: 440: 432: 226: 212: 137: 46: 6844: 6461:Chan, Wah Ho (cinematographer) (1996). 6246: 6224: 5943: 5822:"Cientistas exumam corpo de d. Pedro I" 5716: 5638: 5485: 5408: 5339: 5271: 5121: 5119: 5089: 5075:. London: British Museum Publications. 4978: 4868: 4866: 4829: 4747:"The woman from Borum Eshøj – Oldtiden" 4696: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4090:"The mystery of China's celtic mummies" 3943: 3941: 3889: 3837: 3487: 3310:(1). Universidad de Tarapaca: 117–123. 3075: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3035: 1576:one of the final burials being that of 1532:Mummies in the Friars' Corridor of the 800:are naturally conserved and venerated. 796:In Christian tradition, some bodies of 774:with an unnamed liquid, injected as an 14: 11090: 6488: 6273: 6167: 5734: 5514: 5495:Heaney, Christopher (28 August 2015). 5494: 5433: 5288: 5174: 4949: 4718: 4304: 4295: 4082: 3973: 3006: 3000: 2771: 2769: 2355:Monument to the Independence of Brazil 351:found under the St. Michael Church in 10662: 9985: 9624: 8890: 8795: 8375: 7362:List of ways people dishonor the dead 6993: 6605: 6520:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1911. 6465:(TV). National Geographic Television. 6368:Mummies, Disease and Ancient Cultures 6199: 6173: 6143:Pronovost, Michelle (17 March 2005). 5761: 5546: 5529: 5473:. Archaeological Institute of America 5415:The Journal of the Polynesian Society 5384:The Journal of the Polynesian Society 5350:"Mummified Maori head returned to NZ" 5189:. Archaeological Institute of America 5180: 5007: 4962:. Nevada State Museum. Archived from 4551: 3916: 3877:. Archaeological Institute of America 3784: 3778: 3589: 3532:South African Archaeological Bulletin 3391: 3385: 3369:. University of Texas. Archived from 3328: 3265: 3256: 3171: 2564: 2442:, based on a mistranslation from the 2102:wished to be mummified after he died. 2029: 1861: 1250:A Korean mummy from the 17th century. 1184:figures, including a highly stylized 765: 690:with a sharp blade fashioned from an 9986: 8756: 6489:Berlin, Samantha (28 January 2022). 6205: 6118:"Do Egyptians burn mummies as fuel?" 6027: 5973: 5787:Mummifying Alan: Egypt's Last Secret 5555: 5254:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 5170:. Atlanta. 27 June 2009. p. 97. 5116: 5043: 5021:. The Nevada Journal. Archived from 4872: 4863: 4749:. Oldtiden.natmus.dk. Archived from 4443:– via Elsevier Science Direct. 4283:. The Siberian Times. 14 August 2012 4245:from the original on 21 October 2020 4160: 4062: 4056: 3947: 3938: 3811: 3693:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 3660: 3655:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 3643:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 3631:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 3241:Fletcher, Joann (17 February 2011). 3181:. University of York. 13 August 2014 3132: 3079: 3062: 2915:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 2891:Cockburn, Cockburn & Reyman 1998 2799:"Online Etymology Dictionary: mummy" 2304:Mummifying Alan: Egypt's Last Secret 2221:adding citations to reliable sources 2188: 1623:Champagne and Aishihik First Nations 895:The first mummy to be discovered in 785: 11098:Ancient Egyptian funerary practices 8776: 6875: 6781: 5095: 3974:Saiget, Robert J. (19 April 2005). 3967: 3820:"Khoi chiefs want their mummy back" 3698: 3555:The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 3525:"The Kouga Mummified Human Remains" 3200:Mindy Weisberger (16 August 2018). 2777:"Andean Head Dated 6,000 Years Old" 2766: 2659: 2184: 1084:) Head of Salt Man 1 on display at 732: 369:Ancient Egyptian funerary practices 362: 24: 10752:Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy 7367:List of ways people honor the dead 6810: 6482: 6331:Barber, Elizabeth Wayland (1999). 6228:(2019). "Bailing in the Mummies". 5130:. Washington, D.C. 30 August 2007. 5046:"World Mummies: Greenland Mummies" 3873:Bonn-Muller, Eti (10 April 2009). 3042:De Chant, Tim (12 November 2013). 2337:found an incision in the empress' 1955:was discovered near the summit of 1627:Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park 1195:, formed after the breakup of the 989:because of their discovery in the 831:Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre 336:conditions such as those found in 220:examining the innermost coffin of 25: 11124: 9938:Megalithic architectural elements 8504:Ancient Egyptian race controversy 7398:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality 6680: 6631: 6502: 5530:Clark, Liesl (24 November 1998). 5016: 4063:Wong, Edward (18 November 2008). 3895: 3494:Revue de l'histoire des religions 3266:Riggs, Christina (January 2010). 2476:pounds of mummy back to England. 2451:corpses of criminals, slaves and 2126: 2106: 2090: 1414:Church of St. Procopius of Sázava 1377: 1340:, mummies of people deposited in 1017:. This has created a stir in the 820: 11070: 11069: 9625: 8775: 8765: 8755: 8746: 8745: 8734: 8697: 8355: 8346: 8345: 6667:Officials, nobles, and commoners 6274:Ronald, Issy (23 January 2023). 6267: 6240: 6081: 6055: 6021: 6002: 5937: 5912: 5890: 5868: 5842: 5814: 5793: 5778: 5762:Olsen, Grant (30 October 2010). 5755: 5735:Ravitz, Jessica (11 June 2010). 5685: 5663: 5611: 5592:Handwerk, Brian (29 July 2013). 5556:Hall, Yancey (28 October 2010). 5318: 5208:Callaway, Ewen (December 2016). 5201: 5044:Deem, James M. (15 March 2007). 4771: 4684:. Agentura pro rozvoj Broumovska 4305:Adkins, Jan (24 November 1998). 3948:Wade, Nicholas (15 March 2010). 3817: 3785:Smith, Rodger (September 2001). 3728: 3392:Jarus, Owen (14 December 2012). 3226:. 15 August 2018. Archived from 2498:(sometimes called alternatively 2193: 1839: 1804: 1723: 1617:("Long ago person found" in the 1594: 1066: 1057: 1001:data shows that the mummies had 714:", also to preserve the person. 643:Biblioteca Museu Víctor Balaguer 10557:Evolutionary origin of religion 8766: 8356: 6578: (archived 27 October 2009) 6453: 6407:. London: Thames & Hudson. 6311:The Scientific Study of Mummies 6309:Aufderheide, Arthur C. (2003). 5876:"Body Worlds Official Web Site" 5671:"The Buddhist Mummies of Japan" 5159: 5134: 5064: 5037: 4873:Owen, James (16 October 2013). 4813: 4797: 4788: 4765: 4739: 4630:"Mummies and Mummified Remains" 4571: 4552:Booth, Tom (24 November 2015). 4545: 4447: 4338: 4110: 3926:. redorbit.com. 4 November 2004 3760:"Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area" 3542: 3516: 3481: 3463: 3445: 3408: 3272:UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology 3212: 3193: 3158: 3121: 3095: 2959: 2872: 2364: 1959:in the Peruvian section of the 1896: 1760:Horatio Gordon Robley with his 1481:horse hair hairnet made by the 927:Mummy in the history museum of 890: 804:Mummification in other cultures 162:, and is derived from the word 146:is derived from medieval Latin 34:. For the type of monster, see 10959:Forever May Not Be Long Enough 6818: 5854:aventurasnahistoria.uol.com.br 4461:. 25 July 2007. Archived from 3488:Wortley, John (1 March 2006). 3414:Handwerk, Brian (6 May 2005). 3335:. Bloomsbury. pp. 82–83. 3080:Dunn, Jimmy (22 August 2011). 3021:10.1126/science.293.5539.2383a 2860: 2851: 2831: 2813: 2791: 2720: 2685: 2386:The technique was invented by 2296: 1813: 1222:Philippine mummies are called 1217: 778:. The body was then placed in 112:In addition to the mummies of 13: 1: 10778:The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb 10688: 10170:Art of the Middle Paleolithic 9700:British megalith architecture 7418:Maternal mortality in fiction 6540: (archived 24 March 2022) 6296: 5789:. 24 October 2012. Channel 4. 5183:"Oldest North American Mummy" 5048:. Mummy Tombs. Archived from 4499:BioMed Research International 3142:. Penn Museum. Archived from 2463:recommended them for healing 2417:Egyptian mummy seller in 1875 1681:Intentional mummification in 1573:Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo 1451:the three Borum Eshøj mummies 1365:at the Saint Nicolai Church, 1302: 901:Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area 645:. Vilanova i la Geltrú. Spain 51:A mummified man likely to be 10165:Art of the Upper Paleolithic 9705:Nordic megalith architecture 7332:Expressions related to death 7285:Medical declaration of death 6786: 6741: 6440:. The British Museum Press. 5378:Orchiston, D. Wayne (1968). 4654:"The Czech's Capuchin Crypt" 4372:10.1371/journal.pone.0099779 4331:National Geographic Magazine 4146:10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.11.007 4119:"The World's Oldest Tattoos" 3792:. Vodacom SA. Archived from 3668:"Science: Older than Egypt?" 3128:Churches – Visit Sea Lapland 2742:10.1016/j.microc.2011.02.008 2714:10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.09.020 2284:organization by the name of 2143:Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov 1787: 1742:Fallon Paiute-Shoshone Tribe 1644: 1566:Innsbruck Medical University 479:living well in the afterlife 192:and the Victorian zoologist 7: 10792:Blood from the Mummy's Tomb 8689:Egypt–Mesopotamia relations 8509:Population history of Egypt 7352:Preventable causes of death 6768: 6388:, with Behan, Mona (2003). 6088:Moshenska, Gabriel (2013). 5673:. Sonic.net. 24 August 1998 4433:10.1016/j.aanat.2009.02.006 3900:. About.com. Archived from 3762:. SA Routes. Archived from 2591: 2557:While mummies were used in 2081: 1963:mountains by archaeologist 529:. Written in Book 2 of the 437:Mummy in the British Museum 303:digitally reconstructed in 10: 11129: 11019:Tomb of the Dragon Emperor 10825:Tomb of the Dragon Emperor 10313:British Isles and Brittany 10234:Gwion Gwion rock paintings 6776: 6692: 6315:Cambridge University Press 6185:. New York: Random House. 6062:Moshenka, Gabriel (2013). 5920:"What was mummy medicine?" 4733:National Museum of Denmark 3243:"Mummies Around the World" 2638:List of DNA-tested mummies 2568: 2546:reports that, in her book 2368: 2130: 2044:Monks whose bodies remain 2033: 1996:, possibly in the form of 1873: 1817: 1751: 1607: 1503: 1436: 1336:have produced a number of 1306: 1154: 1132: 1128: 1101: 844: 789: 380: 366: 194:Francis Trevelyan Buckland 29: 11065: 11042: 10975: 10942: 10914: 10888: 10801: 10761: 10707: 10698: 10515: 10328: 10155: 10002: 9998: 9981: 9867: 9831: 9680: 9637: 9633: 9620: 9427: 9258: 9231: 9156: 9082: 9073: 8978: 8903: 8899: 8891: 8886: 8829: 8729: 8706: 8695: 8433: 8410: 8341: 8067: 7997: 7883: 7837: 7719:Consciousness after death 7699: 7642: 7587: 7529: 7478: 7467: 7460: 7375: 7312: 7206: 7027: 7019: 6956: 6893: 6868: 6843: 6809: 6767: 6746: 6727: 6726: 6717: 6646: 6639: 6572:About the Unknown Mummy E 5976:Novel: A Forum on Fiction 5639:Pringle, Harriet (2011). 5532:"Ice Mummies of the Inca" 3875:"China's Sleeping Beauty" 3329:Riggs, Christina (2014). 3168:, Kmt 52, 2014, pp. 52–57 2275: 2121:University College London 1668: 1603: 1273: 1260:Neo-Confucianism in Korea 808: 595:aid it in the afterlife. 471:ancient Egyptian religion 82:, extreme cold, very low 8741:Ancient Egypt portal 8120:Personification of death 7342:People by cause of death 6436:Taylor, John H. (2004). 6301: 6014:15 February 2012 at the 6009:Mumie – nicht lieferbar! 5409:Tregear, Edward (1916). 4837:"Mummies of Vác Hungary" 4098:. London. 28 August 2006 3924:"Meet the Lady Dai . . " 3787:"Ancient Communications" 2653: 2633:List of Egyptian mummies 1772:are not limited only to 1534:Catacombe dei Cappuccini 1523: 1241: 1171:-Siberian woman, on the 1080:4 on display at Zanjan.( 938: 866: 373:List of Egyptian mummies 344:, such as the mummified 314: 209:History of mummy studies 11108:Egyptian artefact types 10545:Evolutionary musicology 9948:Oldest extant buildings 9875:Archaeological features 9394:Prepared-core technique 8197:Death-positive movement 8042:Post-mortem photography 7322:Causes of death by rate 7250:Death by natural causes 6517:Encyclopædia Britannica 6473:The Face of Tutankhamun 6438:Mummy: The Inside Story 6400:. First published 2002. 6386:Davis-Kimball, Jeannine 6247:Elliott, Chris (2017). 6039:Oxford University Press 5944:Elliott, Chris (2017). 2484:in powdered form as in 2378:is a technique used in 2327:University of São Paulo 1677:A mummy from Guanajuato 1086:National Museum of Iran 1048: 974:archaeological site in 918: 510:The Ritual of Embalming 10507:Unchambered long cairn 10355:Mound Builders culture 9688:Neolithic architecture 8823:Prehistoric technology 8232:Fascination with death 7870:Reincarnation research 7865:Out-of-body experience 7327:Notable deaths by year 7168:Immunogenic cell death 7084:Temporal lobe necrosis 6556:"Modern Mummification" 6333:The Mummies of Ürümchi 5900:. Isp.plastination.org 5441:"The Earliest Mummies" 4682:"Monastery of Broumov" 4031:10.1186/1741-7007-8-15 2603:Bodies: The Exhibition 2526:The use of mummies as 2435: 2418: 2315:Amélie of Leuchtenberg 2310:Amélie of Leuchtenberg 2103: 1917: 1871: 1765: 1702:El Museo de las Momias 1678: 1654: 1537: 1446: 1402:Capuchin Crypt in Brno 1390: 1388:Capuchin Crypt in Brno 1291: 1251: 1003:Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) 952: 931: 842: 667: 646: 611:Mummification and rank 583: 567: 503:. The majority of the 446: 438: 232: 224: 130: 55: 40:Mummy (disambiguation) 38:. For other uses, see 10861:Battle for Redemption 10182:List of Stone Age art 9384:Microblade technology 9332:Langdale axe industry 8930:Ard / plough 8415:Glossary of artifacts 8037:Post-mortem chemistry 7850:Near-death experience 7746:Desecration of graves 7682:Postmortem caloricity 7647:Beating heart cadaver 7091:Programmed cell death 7059:Liquefactive necrosis 6830:Mummies of Guanajuato 6335:. London: Pan Books. 5739:. CNN. Archived from 5181:Asher, Laura (1996). 5073:The Greenland Mummies 4706:. Klatovské katakomby 3996:A study last year by 2730:Microchemical Journal 2424: 2416: 2392:Heidelberg University 2335:Hospital das Clínicas 2272:vandals and looters. 2098: 1904: 1869: 1759: 1698:mummies of Guanajuato 1685:was practiced by the 1676: 1652: 1531: 1476:was unearthed from a 1444: 1385: 1281: 1249: 1226:. They are common in 955:Mummies from various 946: 926: 828: 677:was removed from the 665: 658:"Most perfect" method 618: 603:, a hardy species of 581: 565: 445:Painted mummy bandage 444: 436: 230: 216: 138:Etymology and meaning 50: 11103:Archaeology of death 11057:Revenge of the Mummy 11026:The Mummy Demastered 11003:Rise of the Akkadian 10589:Prehistoric medicine 10584:Prehistoric counting 10567:Prehistoric religion 10562:Paleolithic religion 10540:Behavioral modernity 9897:Causewayed enclosure 9789:Abri de la Madeleine 8913:Neolithic Revolution 8227:Festival of the Dead 8125:Dying-and-rising god 8080:Chinese burial money 7969:Prohibition of dying 7921:Death-qualified jury 7687:Post-mortem interval 7347:Premature obituaries 7054:Coagulative necrosis 6933:Mummification Museum 6917:Archeological sites 6584:(18 January 2016) – 5743:on 26 September 2020 5694:"6 Restless Corpses" 5620:"Why Blame Smallpox" 5501:Smithsonian Magazine 4512:10.1155/2018/6215025 3980:The Washington Times 3140:"The Egyptian Mummy" 2846:CNRTL.fr (in French) 2673:on 17 September 2004 2608:Corpse decomposition 2341:. Aromatics such as 2291:Summum Bonum Amen Ra 2217:improve this section 2159:cryonically preserve 2141:, as represented by 1986:biochemical analysis 1976:Llullaillaco mummies 1683:pre-Columbian Mexico 1554:Tamins-Carasso-Isera 463:University of Oxford 459:Macquarie University 257:Grafton Elliot Smith 11051:The Animated Series 10628:Prehistoric warfare 9374:Magdalenian culture 9337:Levallois technique 9268:Earliest toolmaking 8561:Cursive hieroglyphs 8287:Philosophy of death 8152:Death from laughter 7452:Perinatal mortality 7193:Mitotic catastrophe 7173:Ischemic cell death 7116:Intrinsic apoptosis 7064:Gangrenous necrosis 6586:National Geographic 6549:National Geographic 6347:Budge, E. A. Wallis 5856:. 24 September 2021 5645:National Geographic 5598:National Geographic 5562:National Geographic 5321:"Melanesia Mummies" 5104:on 12 November 2013 4995:on 12 November 2013 4966:on 12 November 2013 4937:on 11 November 2013 4911:on 11 November 2013 4879:National Geographic 4363:2014PLoSO...999779K 4138:2016JArSR...5...19D 3904:on 10 November 2013 3799:on 13 November 2013 3766:on 13 November 2013 3695:, pp. 281–282. 3419:National Geographic 3146:on 8 September 2015 3109:on 28 November 2020 2827:on 9 November 2013. 2706:2015JArSR...4..355W 2643:Medical cannibalism 2575:List of mummy films 2473:Turkish authorities 1738:Nevada State Museum 1714:Encarnación de Díaz 1615:Kwäday Dän Ts'ìnchi 1610:Kwäday Dän Ts'ìnchi 1165:Siberian Ice Maiden 1007:East-Central Europe 851:The mummies of the 251:, Egypt. The first 199:Wasps of the genus 131:Cueva de las Momias 118:Spirit Cave mummies 10785:The Mummy's Shroud 10579:Origin of language 10572:Spiritual drug use 10482:Rectangular dolmen 10384:Dartmoor kistvaens 10197:Carved stone balls 9909:Circular enclosure 9868:Other architecture 9811:Alp pile dwellings 9399:Solutrean industry 9310:Gravettian culture 8960:Secondary products 8534:Funerary practices 8333:Thanatosensitivity 8237:Hierarchy of death 8177:Death notification 8085:Coins for the dead 8017:Forensic pathology 7901:Capital punishment 7855:Near-death studies 7447:Mortality salience 7079:Fibrinoid necrosis 7049:Avascular necrosis 6675:Chinchorro mummies 6546:(30 April 2003) – 6230:Skeptical Inquirer 6155:on 6 November 2010 6124:. 22 February 2002 5830:. 18 February 2013 5704:on 19 January 2012 5651:on 26 January 2017 5443:. The Field Museum 5356:on 4 December 2013 5327:on 15 October 2013 5052:on 8 February 2007 5025:on 8 December 2010 4885:on 16 October 2013 4589:on 9 December 2013 4217:10.1002/ajpa.21314 4069:The New York Times 3954:The New York Times 3824:Independent Online 3737:on 3 November 2013 3674:. 21 December 1959 3373:on 23 October 2013 3230:on 5 January 2022. 3164:Marshall Amandine 2869:, "Mummy", 1, 2, 3 2844:. Also "momie" in 2779:. archaeometry.org 2565:In popular culture 2548:The Mummy Congress 2540:American Civil War 2534:was documented by 2436: 2419: 2388:Gunther von Hagens 2263:. He developed an 2155:Alexander Bogdanov 2104: 2030:Self-mummification 1918: 1882:Chinchorro mummies 1876:Chinchorro mummies 1872: 1862:Chinchorro mummies 1766: 1679: 1661:settlement called 1655: 1556:cultural group of 1538: 1447: 1391: 1292: 1252: 953: 932: 843: 766:Inexpensive method 668: 647: 584: 568: 501:Greco-Roman period 455:University of York 447: 439: 342:Christian churches 267:. British chemist 243:novelties such as 233: 225: 126:Chinchorro mummies 56: 11085: 11084: 11012:Manacle of Osiris 10990:The Scorpion King 10953:(1999 soundtrack) 10910: 10909: 10884: 10883: 10854:Rise of a Warrior 10847:The Scorpion King 10837:The Scorpion King 10818:The Mummy Returns 10745:The Mummy's Curse 10738:The Mummy's Ghost 10656: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10648: 10647: 10601:Prehistoric music 10550:music archaeology 10207:Cup and ring mark 10032:Clothing/textiles 9977: 9976: 9973: 9972: 9616: 9615: 9612: 9611: 9419:Yubetsu technique 9404:Striking platform 9369:Lithic technology 9254: 9253: 9239:Game drive system 9158:Projectile points 9050:Mortar and pestle 8789: 8788: 8544:Great Royal Wives 8514:Prehistoric Egypt 8369: 8368: 8105:Death anniversary 8100:Death and culture 7944:Dying declaration 7926:Death certificate 7833: 7832: 7695: 7694: 7547:Neuropreservation 7337:Natural disasters 7308: 7307: 6987: 6986: 6889: 6888: 6839: 6838: 6570:Simon Cleveland, 6425:. Penguin Books. 6378:978-0-521-58954-3 6313:. Cambridge, UK: 6122:The Straight Dope 5220:(7632): 178–179. 5152:978-607-400-177-8 4960:"Spirit Cave Man" 4307:"Unquiet Mummies" 3849:Archaeology World 3342:978-0-85785-507-7 2941:, pp. 14–15. 2579:A 2023 report by 2517:Victorian England 2429:used for storing 2319:Empress of Brazil 2269:aluminum chloride 2253: 2252: 2245: 2175:Pyramid of Djoser 2133:Communist mummies 2115:, the founder of 1946:Mummy of El Plomo 1886:5th millennium BC 1639:Spirit Cave mummy 1619:Southern Tutchone 899:was found in the 829:Guanche mummy in 815:African continent 786:Christian mummies 600:Aspergillus niger 431: 430: 401: 400: 397: 396: 297:bioarchaeological 281:Puerto de la Cruz 142:The English word 16:(Redirected from 11120: 11073: 11072: 10832: 10831: 10731:The Mummy's Tomb 10724:The Mummy's Hand 10708:Universal series 10705: 10704: 10683: 10676: 10669: 10660: 10659: 10616:Divje Babe flute 10523:Archaeoastronomy 10266:Petrosomatoglyph 10000: 9999: 9983: 9982: 9832:Water management 9635: 9634: 9622: 9621: 9525:Denticulate tool 9347:Lithic reduction 9080: 9079: 8901: 8900: 8888: 8887: 8816: 8809: 8802: 8793: 8792: 8779: 8778: 8769: 8768: 8759: 8758: 8749: 8748: 8739: 8738: 8737: 8701: 8396: 8389: 8382: 8373: 8372: 8359: 8358: 8349: 8348: 8329: 8314:Assisted suicide 8212:Death trajectory 8027:Mortuary science 8022:Funeral director 8013: 7979:Suspicious death 7751:Eternal oblivion 7537:Cryopreservation 7476: 7475: 7465: 7464: 7403:Infant mortality 7393:Excess mortality 7295:Terminal illness 7280:Lazarus syndrome 7265:End-of-life care 7216:Accidental death 7069:Caseous necrosis 7032: 7031: 7014: 7007: 7000: 6991: 6990: 6969:Incorruptibility 6853:Buddhist mummies 6758:Maronite mummies 6724: 6723: 6689:(Canary Islands) 6683:(Peru and Chile) 6644: 6643: 6626: 6619: 6612: 6603: 6602: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6521: 6513: 6498: 6477: 6466: 6419:Pringle, Heather 6382: 6328: 6291: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6271: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6244: 6238: 6237: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6208:Printing History 6203: 6197: 6196: 6175:Baker, Nicholson 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6151:. Archived from 6140: 6134: 6133: 6131: 6129: 6114: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6085: 6079: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6025: 6019: 6006: 6000: 5999: 5971: 5962: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5941: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5916: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5894: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5878:. Bodyworlds.com 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5846: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5782: 5776: 5775: 5773: 5771: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5732: 5726: 5723: 5714: 5713: 5711: 5709: 5700:. Archived from 5689: 5683: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5647:. Archived from 5636: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5615: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5589: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5573: 5564:. Archived from 5553: 5544: 5543: 5541: 5539: 5527: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5507: 5492: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5466: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5406: 5400: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5375: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5346: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5323:. Archived from 5316: 5307: 5306: 5286: 5269: 5266:Aufderheide 2003 5263: 5257: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5205: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5138: 5132: 5131: 5123: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5096:Langely, James. 5093: 5087: 5086: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5017:Muska, D. Dowd. 5014: 5005: 5004: 5002: 5000: 4985: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4971: 4956: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4927: 4921: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4901: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4881:. Archived from 4870: 4861: 4858:Aufderheide 2003 4855: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4833: 4827: 4817: 4811: 4801: 4795: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4772:Kaul, Flemming. 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4753:on 9 August 2011 4743: 4737: 4736: 4725: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4711: 4704:"New exposition" 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4678: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4650: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4636: 4626: 4611: 4608:Aufderheide 2003 4605: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4579:"A Body Appears" 4575: 4569: 4568: 4566: 4564: 4558:The Conversation 4549: 4543: 4542: 4532: 4514: 4490: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4412: 4403: 4402: 4392: 4374: 4342: 4336: 4335: 4325: 4319: 4318: 4316: 4314: 4302: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4288: 4277: 4264: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4200: 4194: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4169: 4158: 4157: 4123: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4060: 4054: 4053: 4043: 4033: 4009: 4003: 4002: 3993: 3991: 3986:on 20 April 2005 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3945: 3936: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3896:Hirst, K. Kris. 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3870: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3856: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3798: 3791: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3756: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3733:. Archived from 3726: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3621: 3593: 3587: 3586: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3529: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3502:10.4000/rhr.4620 3485: 3479: 3478: 3471:Bleiberg, Edward 3467: 3461: 3460: 3453:Bleiberg, Edward 3449: 3443: 3442: 3435:Bleiberg, Edward 3431: 3422: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3363: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3297: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3263: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3175: 3169: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3136: 3130: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3105:. Archived from 3099: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3077: 3060: 3059: 3057: 3055: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2987: 2963: 2957: 2954:Aufderheide 2003 2951: 2942: 2939:Aufderheide 2003 2936: 2930: 2927:Aufderheide 2003 2924: 2918: 2912: 2906: 2903:Aufderheide 2003 2900: 2894: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2864: 2858: 2855: 2849: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2801:. etymonline.com 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2773: 2764: 2763: 2753: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2663: 2623:Incorruptibility 2521:Thomas Pettigrew 2425:An 18th century 2331:Maria Leopoldina 2317:(1812–1873) was 2257:Gottfried Knoche 2248: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2228: 2197: 2189: 2185:Gottfried Knoche 2086: 2036:Buddhist mummies 1631:British Columbia 1621:language of the 1578:Rosalia Lombardo 1474:Skrydstrup Woman 1455:Skrydstrup Woman 1355:Haraldskær Woman 1284:Nicolaus Rungius 1161:Natalia Polosmak 1135:Maronite mummies 1070: 1061: 792:Incorruptibility 733:Avoiding expense 700:abdominal cavity 636: 451:ancient Egyptian 385: 384: 381: 377: 376: 363:Egyptian mummies 349:Nicolaus Rungius 326:Maronite mummies 241:pseudoscientific 237:Ptolemaic Greece 168:Medieval English 133: 21: 11128: 11127: 11123: 11122: 11121: 11119: 11118: 11117: 11088: 11087: 11086: 11081: 11061: 11038: 10996:Sword of Osiris 10971: 10938: 10906: 10880: 10868:Quest for Power 10830: 10797: 10757: 10694: 10687: 10657: 10644: 10511: 10497:Stone box grave 10467:Megalithic tomb 10372:Cotswold-Severn 10324: 10229:Guardian stones 10157:Prehistoric art 10151: 9994: 9969: 9958:Timber trackway 9863: 9827: 9823:Wattle and daub 9676: 9655:Standing stones 9629: 9608: 9423: 9250: 9227: 9152: 9069: 8979:Food processing 8974: 8923:New World crops 8895: 8882: 8825: 8820: 8790: 8785: 8735: 8733: 8725: 8702: 8693: 8429: 8406: 8400: 8370: 8365: 8337: 8323: 8267:Museum of Death 8217:Dignified death 8172:Death messenger 8147:Death education 8063: 8007: 7993: 7931:Declared death 7879: 7829: 7786:Online mourning 7691: 7657:Cadaveric spasm 7638: 7583: 7525: 7516:Skeletonization 7456: 7388:Child mortality 7383:Birthday effect 7371: 7304: 7300:Unnatural death 7231:Brainstem death 7202: 7141:Pseudoapoptosis 7023: 7018: 6988: 6983: 6952: 6901:List of mummies 6885: 6864: 6835: 6805: 6763: 6713: 6687:Guanche mummies 6635: 6630: 6576:Wayback Machine 6561: 6559: 6554: 6538:Wayback Machine 6508: 6505: 6485: 6483:Further reading 6480: 6469: 6460: 6456: 6451: 6379: 6325: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6284: 6282: 6272: 6268: 6258: 6256: 6245: 6241: 6223: 6219: 6204: 6200: 6193: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6141: 6137: 6127: 6125: 6116: 6115: 6108: 6098: 6096: 6086: 6082: 6072: 6070: 6060: 6056: 6049: 6026: 6022: 6016:Wayback Machine 6007: 6003: 5988:10.2307/1345912 5972: 5965: 5955: 5953: 5942: 5938: 5928: 5926: 5918: 5917: 5913: 5903: 5901: 5896: 5895: 5891: 5881: 5879: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5859: 5857: 5848: 5847: 5843: 5833: 5831: 5820: 5819: 5815: 5805: 5803: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5784: 5783: 5779: 5769: 5767: 5760: 5756: 5746: 5744: 5733: 5729: 5724: 5717: 5707: 5705: 5692:Miss Cellania. 5690: 5686: 5676: 5674: 5669: 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5637: 5630: 5622: 5616: 5612: 5602: 5600: 5590: 5581: 5571: 5569: 5568:on 24 June 2005 5554: 5547: 5537: 5535: 5528: 5515: 5505: 5503: 5493: 5486: 5476: 5474: 5467: 5456: 5446: 5444: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5424: 5422: 5411:"Maori Mummies" 5407: 5403: 5393: 5391: 5376: 5369: 5359: 5357: 5348: 5347: 5340: 5330: 5328: 5317: 5310: 5287: 5272: 5264: 5260: 5252: 5248: 5238: 5236: 5226:10.1038/540178a 5206: 5202: 5192: 5190: 5179: 5175: 5168:Pediatrics Week 5165: 5164: 5160: 5153: 5139: 5135: 5125: 5124: 5117: 5107: 5105: 5094: 5090: 5083: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5042: 5038: 5028: 5026: 5015: 5008: 4998: 4996: 4987: 4986: 4979: 4969: 4967: 4958: 4957: 4950: 4940: 4938: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4914: 4912: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4888: 4886: 4871: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4842: 4840: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4818: 4814: 4802: 4798: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4777: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4745: 4744: 4740: 4727: 4726: 4719: 4709: 4707: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4680: 4679: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4651: 4644: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4627: 4614: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4577: 4576: 4572: 4562: 4560: 4550: 4546: 4491: 4478: 4468: 4466: 4465:on 29 June 2024 4453: 4452: 4448: 4413: 4406: 4343: 4339: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4303: 4296: 4286: 4284: 4279: 4278: 4267: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4201: 4197: 4187: 4185: 4170: 4161: 4121: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4095:The Independent 4088: 4087: 4083: 4073: 4071: 4061: 4057: 4010: 4006: 3989: 3987: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3946: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3907: 3905: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3854: 3852: 3851:. 11 April 2020 3843: 3842: 3838: 3828: 3826: 3816: 3812: 3802: 3800: 3796: 3789: 3783: 3779: 3769: 3767: 3758: 3757: 3750: 3740: 3738: 3727: 3720: 3710: 3708: 3706:"Wan Muhuggiag" 3704: 3703: 3699: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3653: 3649: 3641: 3637: 3629: 3625: 3610:10.2307/3243832 3594: 3590: 3567:10.2307/3822436 3547: 3543: 3527: 3521: 3517: 3486: 3482: 3468: 3464: 3450: 3446: 3432: 3425: 3413: 3409: 3399: 3397: 3390: 3386: 3376: 3374: 3365: 3364: 3357: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3327: 3323: 3298: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3264: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3239: 3235: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3206:livescience.com 3198: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3138: 3137: 3133: 3126: 3122: 3112: 3110: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3086: 3084: 3078: 3063: 3053: 3051: 3040: 3036: 3005: 3001: 2978:(12): 806–808. 2964: 2960: 2952: 2945: 2937: 2933: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2901: 2897: 2893:, pp. 1–2. 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2861: 2856: 2852: 2836: 2832: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2802: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2782: 2780: 2775: 2774: 2767: 2725: 2721: 2690: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2628:List of mummies 2594: 2577: 2569:Main articles: 2567: 2482:pharmaceuticals 2467:and preventing 2411: 2373: 2367: 2323:Emperor Pedro I 2321:as the wife of 2312: 2299: 2278: 2265:embalming fluid 2249: 2238: 2232: 2229: 2214: 2198: 2187: 2171:Alexey Shchusev 2167:Lenin Mausoleum 2135: 2129: 2109: 2093: 2042: 2034:Main articles: 2032: 1899: 1878: 1864: 1842: 1822: 1816: 1807: 1790: 1754: 1744:sued under the 1729:Spirit Cave Man 1726: 1704:in the city of 1671: 1647: 1612: 1606: 1597: 1526: 1506: 1439: 1407:Capuchin friars 1386:Mummies in the 1380: 1311: 1305: 1276: 1244: 1224:Kabayan Mummies 1220: 1177:Altai Mountains 1163:discovered the 1157: 1137: 1131: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1097: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1063: 1062: 1051: 1019:Turkic-speaking 941: 921: 893: 869: 849: 847:Guanche mummies 823: 811: 806: 794: 788: 768: 735: 660: 622: 613: 411: 389: 375: 367:Main articles: 365: 317: 211: 172:Richard Hakluyt 140: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11126: 11116: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11083: 11082: 11080: 11079: 11066: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11059: 11054: 11046: 11044: 11040: 11039: 11037: 11036: 11029: 11022: 11015: 11008: 11007: 11006: 10999: 10987: 10979: 10977: 10973: 10972: 10970: 10969: 10962: 10955: 10946: 10944: 10940: 10939: 10937: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10924:Rick O'Connell 10920: 10918: 10912: 10911: 10908: 10907: 10905: 10904: 10895: 10893: 10886: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10879: 10878: 10871: 10864: 10857: 10850: 10842: 10840: 10829: 10828: 10821: 10814: 10805: 10803: 10802:Sommers series 10799: 10798: 10796: 10795: 10788: 10781: 10774: 10765: 10763: 10759: 10758: 10756: 10755: 10748: 10741: 10734: 10727: 10720: 10711: 10709: 10702: 10696: 10695: 10686: 10685: 10678: 10671: 10663: 10654: 10653: 10650: 10649: 10646: 10645: 10643: 10642: 10641: 10640: 10630: 10625: 10624: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10606:Alligator drum 10598: 10597: 10596: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10575: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10554: 10553: 10552: 10542: 10537: 10536: 10535: 10533:lunar calendar 10530: 10519: 10517: 10516:Other cultural 10513: 10512: 10510: 10509: 10504: 10499: 10494: 10489: 10484: 10479: 10474: 10469: 10464: 10463: 10462: 10457: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10436: 10435: 10430: 10420: 10415: 10414: 10413: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10387: 10386: 10376: 10375: 10374: 10364: 10363: 10362: 10352: 10351: 10350: 10345: 10334: 10332: 10326: 10325: 10323: 10322: 10320:Venus figurine 10317: 10316: 10315: 10310: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10289: 10288: 10283: 10273: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10251:Megalithic art 10248: 10247: 10246: 10241: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10220: 10219: 10209: 10204: 10202:Cave paintings 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10178: 10177: 10167: 10161: 10159: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10149: 10148: 10147: 10142: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10121: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10085: 10080: 10079: 10078: 10068: 10067: 10066: 10061: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10040: 10039: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10008: 10006: 10004:Material goods 9996: 9995: 9979: 9978: 9975: 9974: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9967: 9966: 9965: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9934: 9933: 9923: 9918: 9917: 9916: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9894: 9893: 9892: 9882: 9877: 9871: 9869: 9865: 9864: 9862: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9835: 9833: 9829: 9828: 9826: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9814: 9813: 9803: 9798: 9797: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9760: 9759: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9738: 9737: 9727: 9722: 9720:Cliff dwelling 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9696: 9695: 9684: 9682: 9678: 9677: 9675: 9674: 9673: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9652: 9647: 9641: 9639: 9631: 9630: 9618: 9617: 9614: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9606: 9605: 9604: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9579: 9578: 9577: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9516: 9515: 9505: 9504: 9503: 9498: 9488: 9483: 9478: 9473: 9472: 9471: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9450: 9449: 9439: 9433: 9431: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9365: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9305:Fire hardening 9302: 9297: 9295:Clovis culture 9292: 9287: 9286: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9264: 9262: 9256: 9255: 9252: 9251: 9249: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9235: 9233: 9229: 9228: 9226: 9225: 9220: 9218:Manis Mastodon 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9174: 9173: 9162: 9160: 9154: 9153: 9151: 9150: 9149: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9118: 9113: 9112: 9111: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9097:throwing stick 9089: 9083: 9077: 9071: 9070: 9068: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9036: 9035: 9030: 9020: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9004: 9003: 8993: 8988: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8975: 8973: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8926: 8925: 8920: 8909: 8907: 8897: 8896: 8884: 8883: 8881: 8880: 8875: 8874: 8873: 8863: 8862: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8819: 8818: 8811: 8804: 8796: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8783: 8773: 8763: 8753: 8743: 8730: 8727: 8726: 8724: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8707: 8704: 8703: 8696: 8694: 8692: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8675: 8674: 8669: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8638: 8637: 8632: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8570: 8565: 8564: 8563: 8553: 8552: 8551: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8473: 8472: 8462: 8461: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8440: 8434: 8431: 8430: 8428: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8411: 8408: 8407: 8399: 8398: 8391: 8384: 8376: 8367: 8366: 8364: 8363: 8353: 8342: 8339: 8338: 8336: 8335: 8330: 8318: 8317: 8316: 8306: 8305: 8304: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8133: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8075:Apparent death 8071: 8069: 8065: 8064: 8062: 8061: 8056: 8055: 8054: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8001: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7906:Cause of death 7903: 7898: 7896:Administration 7893: 7887: 7885: 7881: 7880: 7878: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7831: 7830: 7828: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7811: 7810: 7805: 7795: 7790: 7789: 7788: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7732: 7731: 7726: 7716: 7711: 7705: 7703: 7697: 7696: 7693: 7692: 7690: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7667:Death erection 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7643: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7610: 7609: 7604: 7602:Natural burial 7593: 7591: 7585: 7584: 7582: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7550: 7549: 7544: 7533: 7531: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7482: 7480: 7473: 7462: 7458: 7457: 7455: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7443: 7442: 7435:Mortality rate 7432: 7427: 7420: 7415: 7413:Maternal death 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7379: 7377: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7357:Unusual deaths 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7318: 7316: 7310: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7290:Organ donation 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7238:Clinical death 7235: 7234: 7233: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7201: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7149: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7088: 7087: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7040: 7038: 7029: 7025: 7024: 7017: 7016: 7009: 7002: 6994: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6957: 6954: 6953: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6915: 6914: 6913: 6908: 6897: 6895: 6891: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6883: 6878: 6876:Modern mummies 6872: 6870: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6861: 6860: 6849: 6847: 6841: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6834: 6833: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6813: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6803: 6802: 6801: 6789: 6784: 6782:Czech Republic 6779: 6773: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6761: 6755: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6732: 6730: 6721: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6698:Muisca mummies 6695: 6690: 6684: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6670: 6663: 6650: 6648: 6641: 6637: 6636: 6629: 6628: 6621: 6614: 6606: 6600: 6599: 6594: 6588: 6579: 6568: 6552: 6541: 6531: 6522: 6504: 6503:External links 6501: 6500: 6499: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6478: 6467: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6434: 6416: 6401: 6383: 6377: 6362: 6344: 6329: 6323: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6292: 6266: 6239: 6217: 6198: 6191: 6166: 6149:Capital Weekly 6135: 6106: 6080: 6054: 6047: 6020: 6001: 5963: 5936: 5911: 5889: 5867: 5841: 5827:Gazeta do Povo 5813: 5792: 5777: 5754: 5727: 5715: 5684: 5662: 5628: 5610: 5579: 5545: 5513: 5484: 5454: 5432: 5421:(100): 167–168 5401: 5367: 5338: 5308: 5270: 5268:, p. 277. 5258: 5256:, p. 289. 5246: 5200: 5173: 5158: 5151: 5133: 5115: 5088: 5081: 5063: 5036: 5006: 4977: 4948: 4922: 4896: 4862: 4860:, p. 193. 4850: 4839:. AtlasObscura 4828: 4812: 4796: 4787: 4776:. Kulturarv.dk 4764: 4738: 4717: 4695: 4666: 4642: 4612: 4610:, p. 192. 4600: 4570: 4544: 4476: 4446: 4427:(3): 309–320. 4404: 4337: 4320: 4294: 4265: 4256: 4230: 4211:(3): 343–354. 4195: 4159: 4109: 4081: 4055: 4004: 3966: 3937: 3915: 3888: 3862: 3836: 3818:Khan, Farook. 3810: 3777: 3748: 3718: 3697: 3685: 3659: 3657:, p. 282. 3647: 3645:, p. 281. 3635: 3623: 3598:The Bryologist 3588: 3541: 3515: 3480: 3462: 3444: 3423: 3407: 3384: 3355: 3341: 3321: 3285: 3255: 3233: 3211: 3192: 3170: 3157: 3131: 3120: 3094: 3061: 3034: 3015:(5539): 2383. 2999: 2958: 2943: 2931: 2919: 2907: 2895: 2883: 2871: 2859: 2850: 2830: 2812: 2790: 2765: 2736:(2): 267–274. 2719: 2684: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2651: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2593: 2590: 2586:British Museum 2571:Mummy (undead) 2566: 2563: 2449:sun-desiccated 2410: 2407: 2369:Main article: 2366: 2363: 2311: 2308: 2298: 2295: 2277: 2274: 2251: 2250: 2201: 2199: 2192: 2186: 2183: 2147:Vladimir Lenin 2128: 2127:Vladimir Lenin 2125: 2117:utilitarianism 2113:Jeremy Bentham 2111:In the 1830s, 2108: 2107:Jeremy Bentham 2105: 2100:Jeremy Bentham 2092: 2091:Modern mummies 2089: 2054:lotus position 2031: 2028: 2016:Roman Catholic 1965:Johan Reinhard 1910:Salta Province 1898: 1895: 1891:Atacama Desert 1874:Main article: 1863: 1860: 1846:South American 1841: 1838: 1818:Main article: 1815: 1812: 1806: 1803: 1789: 1786: 1753: 1750: 1725: 1722: 1670: 1667: 1646: 1643: 1608:Main article: 1605: 1602: 1596: 1593: 1562:Walther Parson 1525: 1522: 1505: 1502: 1438: 1435: 1395:Czech Republic 1379: 1378:Czech Republic 1376: 1353:contents. The 1307:Main article: 1304: 1301: 1275: 1272: 1243: 1240: 1219: 1216: 1193:Altai Republic 1156: 1153: 1141:Qadisha Valley 1133:Main article: 1130: 1127: 1102:Main article: 1075: 1074: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1027:Victor H. Mair 940: 937: 920: 917: 905:Johan Binneman 892: 889: 868: 865: 855:belong to the 853:Canary Islands 845:Main article: 822: 821:Canary Islands 819: 810: 807: 805: 802: 790:Main article: 787: 784: 767: 764: 734: 731: 659: 656: 612: 609: 547:cranial cavity 429: 428: 425: 424: 421: 420: 417: 416: 403: 402: 399: 398: 395: 394: 391: 364: 361: 316: 313: 289:Canary Islands 210: 207: 139: 136: 134:in Argentina. 122:Fallon, Nevada 103:animal mummies 36:Mummy (undead) 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11125: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11095: 11093: 11078: 11077: 11068: 11067: 11064: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11052: 11048: 11047: 11045: 11041: 11035: 11034: 11030: 11028: 11027: 11023: 11021: 11020: 11016: 11014: 11013: 11009: 11005: 11004: 11000: 10998: 10997: 10993: 10992: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10985: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10974: 10967: 10966:I Stand Alone 10963: 10960: 10956: 10954: 10952: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10941: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10921: 10919: 10917: 10913: 10902: 10901: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10890:Alex Kurtzman 10887: 10877: 10876: 10875:Book of Souls 10872: 10870: 10869: 10865: 10863: 10862: 10858: 10856: 10855: 10851: 10849: 10848: 10844: 10843: 10841: 10839: 10838: 10833: 10827: 10826: 10822: 10820: 10819: 10815: 10812: 10811: 10807: 10806: 10804: 10800: 10794: 10793: 10789: 10787: 10786: 10782: 10780: 10779: 10775: 10772: 10771: 10767: 10766: 10764: 10762:Hammer series 10760: 10754: 10753: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10742: 10740: 10739: 10735: 10733: 10732: 10728: 10726: 10725: 10721: 10718: 10717: 10713: 10712: 10710: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10697: 10693: 10692: 10684: 10679: 10677: 10672: 10670: 10665: 10664: 10661: 10639: 10636: 10635: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10603: 10602: 10599: 10595: 10592: 10591: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10559: 10558: 10555: 10551: 10548: 10547: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10534: 10531: 10529: 10526: 10525: 10524: 10521: 10520: 10518: 10514: 10508: 10505: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10492:Simple dolmen 10490: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10477:Passage grave 10475: 10473: 10470: 10468: 10465: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10452: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10434: 10431: 10429: 10426: 10425: 10424: 10423:Gallery grave 10421: 10419: 10416: 10412: 10409: 10408: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10385: 10382: 10381: 10380: 10377: 10373: 10370: 10369: 10368: 10365: 10361: 10358: 10357: 10356: 10353: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10340: 10339: 10338:Burial mounds 10336: 10335: 10333: 10331: 10327: 10321: 10318: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10305: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10298:Statue menhir 10296: 10294: 10291: 10287: 10286:Stone carving 10284: 10282: 10279: 10278: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10236: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10218: 10215: 10214: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10176: 10173: 10172: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10158: 10154: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10137: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10125:Sewing needle 10123: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10090: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10077: 10074: 10073: 10072: 10069: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10056: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10038: 10035: 10034: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10009: 10007: 10005: 10001: 9997: 9993: 9989: 9984: 9980: 9964: 9961: 9960: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9953:Timber circle 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9932: 9929: 9928: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9915: 9912: 9911: 9910: 9907: 9903: 9902:Tor enclosure 9900: 9899: 9898: 9895: 9891: 9890:fulacht fiadh 9888: 9887: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9872: 9870: 9866: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9836: 9834: 9830: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9812: 9809: 9808: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9781: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9758: 9755: 9754: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9736: 9733: 9732: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9694: 9691: 9690: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9683: 9679: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9657: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9640: 9636: 9632: 9628: 9623: 9619: 9603: 9600: 9599: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9576: 9573: 9572: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9514: 9511: 9510: 9509: 9506: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9493: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9474: 9470: 9467: 9466: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9448: 9445: 9444: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9434: 9432: 9430: 9426: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9349: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9270: 9269: 9266: 9265: 9263: 9261: 9257: 9245: 9242: 9241: 9240: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9230: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9167: 9164: 9163: 9161: 9159: 9155: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9126:spear-thrower 9124: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9110: 9107: 9106: 9105: 9104:Bow and arrow 9102: 9098: 9095: 9094: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9072: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9013:Grinding slab 9011: 9009: 9006: 9002: 8999: 8998: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8983: 8981: 8977: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8945:Domestication 8943: 8941: 8940:Digging stick 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8918:Founder crops 8916: 8915: 8914: 8911: 8910: 8908: 8906: 8902: 8898: 8894: 8889: 8885: 8879: 8876: 8872: 8869: 8868: 8867: 8864: 8860: 8859:New Stone Age 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8836: 8835: 8832: 8831: 8828: 8824: 8817: 8812: 8810: 8805: 8803: 8798: 8797: 8794: 8782: 8774: 8772: 8764: 8762: 8754: 8752: 8744: 8742: 8732: 8731: 8728: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8716:Egyptologists 8714: 8712: 8709: 8708: 8705: 8700: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8664: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8562: 8559: 8558: 8557: 8554: 8550: 8547: 8546: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8493: 8490: 8489: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8471: 8468: 8467: 8466: 8463: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8445: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8432: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8412: 8409: 8404: 8403:Ancient Egypt 8397: 8392: 8390: 8385: 8383: 8378: 8377: 8374: 8362: 8354: 8352: 8344: 8343: 8340: 8334: 8331: 8327: 8322: 8319: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8310: 8307: 8303: 8300: 8299: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8117: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8110:Death anxiety 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8095:Darwin Awards 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8072: 8070: 8066: 8060: 8057: 8053: 8052:Biostratinomy 8050: 8049: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8011: 8006: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7964:Necropolitics 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7934: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7882: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7836: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7800: 7799: 7798:Reincarnation 7796: 7794: 7791: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7721: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7702: 7701:Other aspects 7698: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7652:Body donation 7650: 7648: 7645: 7644: 7641: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7619:Dismemberment 7617: 7615: 7612: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7595: 7594: 7592: 7590: 7586: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7564:Mummification 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7539: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7532: 7528: 7522: 7521:Fossilization 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7511:Decomposition 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7486:Pallor mortis 7484: 7483: 7481: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7463: 7459: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7441: 7438: 7437: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7425: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7374: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7311: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7244: 7241: 7240: 7239: 7236: 7232: 7229: 7228: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7208: 7205: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7093: 7092: 7089: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7046: 7045: 7042: 7041: 7039: 7037: 7033: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7015: 7010: 7008: 7003: 7001: 6996: 6995: 6992: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6959: 6958: 6955: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6938:Excerebration 6936: 6934: 6931: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6918: 6916: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6903: 6902: 6899: 6898: 6896: 6892: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6867: 6859: 6858:Sokushinbutsu 6856: 6855: 6854: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6842: 6831: 6828: 6825: 6824:Aztec mummies 6822: 6820: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6811:North America 6808: 6800: 6799: 6795: 6794: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6766: 6759: 6756: 6754:(Philippines) 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6737: 6736:Tarim mummies 6734: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6716: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6662: 6661: 6657: 6656: 6655: 6654:Ancient Egypt 6652: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6642: 6638: 6634: 6633:Mummification 6627: 6622: 6620: 6615: 6613: 6608: 6607: 6604: 6598: 6595: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6583: 6580: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6557: 6553: 6551: 6550: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6529:HowStuffWorks 6526: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6512: 6511:"Mummy" 6507: 6506: 6496: 6492: 6487: 6486: 6475: 6474: 6468: 6464: 6459: 6458: 6447: 6446:0-7141-1962-8 6443: 6439: 6435: 6432: 6431:0-14-028669-1 6428: 6424: 6420: 6417: 6414: 6413:0-500-05101-1 6410: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6398:0-446-67983-6 6395: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6380: 6374: 6370: 6369: 6363: 6360: 6359:0-486-25928-5 6356: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6342: 6341:0-393-04521-8 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6324:0-521-81826-5 6320: 6316: 6312: 6307: 6306: 6281: 6277: 6270: 6254: 6250: 6243: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6221: 6213: 6209: 6202: 6194: 6192:0-375-50444-3 6188: 6184: 6183: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6139: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6111: 6095: 6091: 6084: 6069: 6065: 6058: 6050: 6048:0-19-828299-0 6044: 6040: 6036: 6035: 6030: 6029:Wake, Jehanne 6024: 6017: 6013: 6010: 6005: 5997: 5993: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5977: 5970: 5968: 5951: 5947: 5940: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5899: 5893: 5877: 5871: 5855: 5851: 5845: 5829: 5828: 5823: 5817: 5802: 5796: 5788: 5781: 5765: 5758: 5742: 5738: 5731: 5722: 5720: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5688: 5672: 5666: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5641:"Inca Empire" 5635: 5633: 5621: 5614: 5599: 5595: 5588: 5586: 5584: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5550: 5533: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5502: 5498: 5491: 5489: 5472: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5442: 5436: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5405: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5374: 5372: 5355: 5351: 5345: 5343: 5326: 5322: 5319:Deem, James. 5315: 5313: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5277: 5275: 5267: 5262: 5255: 5250: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5204: 5188: 5184: 5177: 5169: 5162: 5154: 5148: 5144: 5137: 5129: 5122: 5120: 5103: 5099: 5092: 5084: 5082:0-7141-2500-8 5078: 5074: 5067: 5051: 5047: 5040: 5024: 5020: 5013: 5011: 4994: 4990: 4984: 4982: 4965: 4961: 4955: 4953: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4910: 4906: 4900: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4869: 4867: 4859: 4854: 4838: 4832: 4826: 4825:87-00-69328-6 4822: 4816: 4810: 4809:0-393-04521-8 4806: 4800: 4791: 4775: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4742: 4734: 4730: 4724: 4722: 4705: 4699: 4683: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4655: 4649: 4647: 4631: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4609: 4604: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4559: 4555: 4548: 4540: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4411: 4409: 4400: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4357:(7): e99779. 4356: 4352: 4348: 4341: 4333: 4332: 4324: 4308: 4301: 4299: 4282: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4260: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4199: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4120: 4113: 4097: 4096: 4091: 4085: 4070: 4066: 4059: 4051: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4008: 4001: 3999: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3970: 3955: 3951: 3944: 3942: 3925: 3919: 3903: 3899: 3892: 3876: 3869: 3867: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3795: 3788: 3781: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3753: 3736: 3732: 3729:Deem, James. 3725: 3723: 3707: 3701: 3694: 3689: 3673: 3669: 3663: 3656: 3651: 3644: 3639: 3633:, p. 284 3632: 3627: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3592: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3545: 3537: 3533: 3526: 3519: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3484: 3476: 3472: 3466: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3440: 3436: 3430: 3428: 3420: 3417: 3411: 3396:. Yahoo! News 3395: 3388: 3372: 3368: 3362: 3360: 3344: 3338: 3334: 3333: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3273: 3269: 3262: 3260: 3244: 3237: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3207: 3203: 3196: 3180: 3174: 3167: 3161: 3145: 3141: 3135: 3129: 3124: 3108: 3104: 3098: 3083: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3066: 3049: 3045: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3003: 2995: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2962: 2955: 2950: 2948: 2940: 2935: 2929:, p. 16. 2928: 2923: 2916: 2911: 2904: 2899: 2892: 2887: 2881:, "Mummy", 3c 2880: 2875: 2868: 2863: 2854: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2826: 2822: 2816: 2800: 2794: 2778: 2772: 2770: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2723: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2688: 2672: 2668: 2662: 2658: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2595: 2589: 2587: 2582: 2576: 2572: 2562: 2560: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2501:caput mortuum 2497: 2496: 2491: 2487: 2486:mellified man 2483: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2457:Francis Bacon 2454: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2434: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2415: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2384: 2381: 2377: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2307: 2305: 2294: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2273: 2270: 2267:(based on an 2266: 2262: 2258: 2247: 2244: 2236: 2233:February 2022 2226: 2222: 2218: 2212: 2211: 2207: 2202:This section 2200: 2196: 2191: 2190: 2182: 2180: 2179:Tomb of Cyrus 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2157:suggested to 2156: 2152: 2151:Leonid Krasin 2148: 2144: 2140: 2134: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2101: 2097: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2061: 2059: 2055: 2050: 2047: 2041: 2040:Sokushinbutsu 2037: 2027: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2009: 2008:conquistadors 2006: 2001: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1953:Mummy Juanita 1950: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1938:El Plomo Peak 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1894: 1892: 1887: 1883: 1877: 1868: 1859: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1840:South America 1837: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1821: 1811: 1805:Torres Strait 1802: 1799: 1798:Torres Strait 1795: 1785: 1783: 1782:Torres Strait 1779: 1775: 1771: 1768:Mummies from 1763: 1758: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1734: 1730: 1724:United States 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1691:Aztec mummies 1688: 1684: 1675: 1666: 1664: 1660: 1651: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1611: 1601: 1595:North America 1592: 1590: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1542: 1535: 1530: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1443: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1422: 1419: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1396: 1389: 1384: 1375: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1347: 1343: 1342:sphagnum bogs 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1314:Great Britain 1310: 1300: 1298: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1271: 1269: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1248: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1215: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1136: 1126: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1105: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1069: 1060: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1029:claims that " 1028: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 987:Tarim mummies 983: 981: 977: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 950: 947:The mummy of 945: 936: 930: 925: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 888: 886: 882: 881:Uan Muhuggiag 878: 874: 873:Fabrizio Mori 864: 861: 858: 854: 848: 840: 836: 832: 827: 818: 816: 801: 799: 793: 783: 781: 777: 773: 763: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 740: 730: 728: 722: 720: 715: 713: 709: 705: 701: 696: 693: 689: 684: 680: 676: 671: 664: 655: 653: 644: 640: 634: 630: 626: 621: 617: 608: 606: 602: 601: 596: 593: 589: 580: 576: 573: 572:Egyptologists 564: 560: 558: 553: 548: 544: 539: 536: 532: 528: 524: 519: 517: 512: 511: 506: 502: 497: 495: 491: 486: 484: 480: 476: 472: 467: 464: 460: 456: 452: 443: 435: 427: 426: 423: 422: 419: 418: 415: 409: 405: 404: 392: 387: 386: 383: 382: 379: 378: 374: 370: 360: 358: 354: 350: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 312: 310: 306: 300: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 277: 275: 270: 266: 262: 261:Howard Carter 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 229: 223: 219: 218:Howard Carter 215: 206: 204: 203: 197: 195: 191: 190: 184: 179: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 135: 132: 127: 123: 119: 115: 114:ancient Egypt 110: 108: 104: 99: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 54: 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 11074: 11049: 11033:Funko Fusion 11031: 11024: 11017: 11010: 11001: 10994: 10989: 10982: 10950: 10898: 10873: 10866: 10859: 10852: 10845: 10835: 10823: 10816: 10808: 10790: 10783: 10776: 10768: 10750: 10743: 10736: 10729: 10722: 10714: 10689: 10471: 10433:wedge-shaped 10418:Funeral pyre 10411:Great dolmen 10367:Chamber tomb 10348:Round barrow 10303:Stone circle 10175:Blombos Cave 10103:Grooved ware 10027:Chalcolithic 9931:Thornborough 9849:Flush toilet 9784:Blombos Cave 9779:Rock shelter 9735:Quiggly hole 9627:Architecture 9602:illustration 9244:Buffalo jump 9065:Storage pits 9028:Aşıklı Höyük 9018:Ground stone 8854:Subdivisions 8443:Architecture 8207:Death threat 8090:Dark tourism 8032:Necrobiology 7974:Right to die 7932: 7891:Abortion law 7815:Resurrection 7803:Palingenesis 7700: 7662:Coffin birth 7569:Plastination 7563: 7530:Preservation 7506:Putrefaction 7501:Rigor mortis 7496:Algor mortis 7491:Livor mortis 7468: 7424:Memento mori 7422: 7275:Lazarus sign 7255:Death rattle 7198:Suicide gene 7183:Karyorrhexis 7074:Fat necrosis 6974:Plastination 6881:Animal mummy 6796: 6752:Fire Mummies 6681:Inca Mummies 6665: 6658: 6632: 6585: 6560:. 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Oxford : 5860:10 February 5834:10 February 5806:22 November 5477:11 November 5425:13 November 5394:13 November 5360:13 November 5331:15 November 5297:: 115–138. 5193:12 November 5187:Archaeology 5108:12 November 5029:12 November 4999:12 November 4970:12 November 4941:11 November 4915:11 November 4889:11 November 4843:12 November 4780:11 November 4757:11 November 4710:11 November 4688:11 November 4659:11 November 4635:11 November 4313:10 November 4287:10 November 4188:10 November 4018:BMC Biology 3829:13 November 3803:13 November 3770:13 November 3741:13 November 3711:13 November 3678:13 November 3561:: 197–210. 3496:(1): 5–28. 3054:15 November 2783:20 February 2700:: 355–361. 2552:mummy paper 2544:Ben Radford 2532:locomotives 2492:, based on 2490:mummy brown 2440:Middle Ages 2396:Body Worlds 2297:Alan Billis 1814:New Zealand 1778:New Zealand 1764:collection. 1589:Pievepelago 1558:South Tyrol 1546:Ötztal Alps 1490:Egtved Girl 1459:Egtved Girl 1371:Tollund Man 1363:sarcophagus 1326:Netherlands 1218:Philippines 1201:Novosibirsk 1076:Remains of 991:Tarim Basin 980:Han dynasty 959:throughout 913:Grahamstown 885:post-mortem 739:cedar trees 727:sarcophagus 673:First, the 623: [ 490:4th dynasty 475:2nd dynasty 414:hieroglyphs 309:Tutankhamun 274:Tutankhamun 265:Thutmose IV 222:Tutankhamun 107:sacred ibis 11092:Categories 10916:Characters 10594:trepanning 10487:Ring cairn 10445:Jar burial 10428:transepted 10360:U.S. sites 10261:Petroglyph 10187:Bird stone 10145:wine press 9818:Stone roof 9801:Roundhouse 9693:long house 9670:Stonehenge 9638:Ceremonial 9582:Stone tool 9409:Tool stone 9379:Metallurgy 9283:Mousterian 9260:Toolmaking 9198:Cumberland 9171:Transverse 9141:Schöningen 9033:Qesem cave 9001:Earth oven 8955:Irrigation 8866:Technology 8834:Prehistory 8711:Egyptology 8679:Technology 8642:Philosophy 8590:Literature 8482:Chronology 8252:Last rites 8222:Extinction 8192:Death pose 8187:Death poem 8157:Death hoax 8137:Death camp 8130:Psychopomp 8005:Death tech 7860:Necromancy 7838:Paranormal 7820:Underworld 7672:Dissection 7634:Resomation 7629:Promession 7607:Sky burial 7574:Prosection 7559:Maceration 7270:Euthanasia 7188:Karyolysis 7146:Pyroptosis 7126:Paraptosis 7036:Cell death 6979:Prosection 6921:Qilakitsoq 6906:DNA-tested 6792:Bog bodies 6700:(Colombia) 6647:Deliberate 6297:References 6285:27 January 6255:(1): 40–46 6253:Aegyptiaca 5950:Aegyptiaca 5929:8 February 5770:9 November 5747:9 November 5655:27 January 5603:9 November 5572:9 November 5538:9 November 5447:9 November 4563:3 December 4249:19 October 4074:8 November 4024:(15): 15. 3959:9 November 3930:9 November 3908:9 November 3881:9 November 3400:9 November 3377:9 November 3278:9 November 3248:9 November 3150:9 November 3087:9 November 2805:8 November 2677:2 November 2536:Mark Twain 2510:fertilizer 2400:Heidelberg 2149:'s death, 2131:See also: 2079:bark, and 1780:, and the 1706:Guanajuato 1663:Qilakitsoq 1512:church in 1338:bog bodies 1303:Bog bodies 857:indigenous 772:intestines 760:terracotta 756:shaft tomb 639:dynasty XX 620:Nesi mummy 466:extracts. 293:biomedical 189:Cyclopædia 187:Chamber's 156:bituminous 96:desiccated 62:is a dead 53:Ramesses I 10984:The Mummy 10951:The Mummy 10900:The Mummy 10810:The Mummy 10770:The Mummy 10716:The Mummy 10691:The Mummy 10638:symbolism 10502:Tor cairn 10460:Grønsalen 10401:Cremation 10293:Sculpture 10271:Pictogram 10256:Petroform 10076:amber use 10044:Cosmetics 9854:Reservoir 9839:Check dam 9769:Pueblitos 9764:Pit-house 9747:Longhouse 9681:Dwellings 9550:Microlith 9481:Bow drill 9476:Bone tool 9469:prismatic 9278:Acheulean 9193:Cresswell 9166:Arrowhead 9092:Boomerang 9008:Granaries 8970:Terracing 8849:Stone Age 8615:Mythology 8539:Geography 8529:Dynasties 8477:Astronomy 8297:Sacrifice 8292:Predation 8257:Longevity 8047:Taphonomy 7984:Trust law 7939:Death row 7724:Afterlife 7677:Gibbeting 7614:Cremation 7579:Taxidermy 7554:Embalming 7430:Micromort 7376:Mortality 7153:Autolysis 7111:Autophagy 7106:Apoptosis 6964:Embalming 6943:Forgeries 6911:fictional 6819:Greenland 6760:(Lebanon) 6709:Communist 6463:Pet Wraps 6073:17 August 5924:Channel 4 5766:. 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