649:. After two years there, Charlton returned to Lambton and became an official in the Colliery Employees' Federation, becoming treasurer in 1901. While occupying that position, Charlton also prepared arbitration cases. Battling for an improvement in mine workers' conditions, he attended a trade union congress in November 1902, at which he moved for nationalisation of the coal mining industry, believing it would "eliminate cut-throat competition between owners that depressed miners' wages and conditions". That idea was opposed as being too radical but a compromise was drawn up urging state governments to open and run their own coal mines, while affirming the ultimate desirability of full nationalisation.
673:. Charlton became the unofficial spokesperson for the miners, speaking principally about mining matters in parliament. In 1909 a coal miners' strike struck New South Wales and Charlton was called upon by the Colliery Employees' Federation to represent it in front of a wage board. Charlton was unsuccessful in gaining better conditions for the miners but he did settle the dispute, talking to miners around the state and convincing them to return to work. He resigned from state politics and in
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726:, who had resigned as premier of Queensland in 1919 to federal politics. In August 1920, both Tudor and Ryan were taken ill while two of the Hughes government's most important bills were being debated (the Industrial Peace Bill and the Conciliation and Arbitration Bill). On 12 August, a special caucus meeting elected Charlton as acting leader in the House of Representatives; the party's deputy leader was Senator
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788:, largely due to his stance on industrial relations and continual militant union action which plagued his campaign. Charlton always aided in maintaining amicable relations in the party and many times lent his expertise to conflicts within the NSW branch of the Labor Party. He resigned from his positions on 29 March 1928. His successor
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and fought hard against it. However, Charlton seemed to accept the affirmative result of the referendum and again proved his loyalty to Hughes by defending him when he became the target of caucus criticism. Charlton attempted to deflect attacks made on Hughes to a party conference, but Hughes left
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and was promoted to the temporary chairmanship of committees in the House in 1913, however
Charlton threatened to resign in 1915 over a dispute in government delays in granting the committee increased powers. Fisher mollified him and in 1916 Charlton proved his loyalty to the new Labor leader
754:, Charlton offered alternative policies and looked to be favourite until he was hospitalised with illness halfway through the campaign. Labor still won the most seats as a single party, but Charlton was unable to defeat a strong government
730:. Ryan died of pneumonia on 1 August 1921 after persistent ill health. On 29 September, the party elected Charlton as deputy leader in place of Ryan. Tudor died of heart disease on 10 January 1922, and Charlton became the
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Following retirement from federal politics, Charlton took an interest in local government and became an alderman on the
Lambton Council from 1934 to 1938 (before its merger with the
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Little is recorded about
Charlton's early life, as he grew up in a relatively unknown mining district. It is known, however, that Charlton was born on 15 March 1866 in
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acting leader of the party. On 25 January, the party unanimously chose him as leader of the Labor Party in the House of
Representatives, thus allowing him to become
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took form. Upon his return to
Australia, Charlton advocated adoption of the protocol, but the government sided with the British and refused to observe it.
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645:. Charlton supported the struggle against wage reductions, but the effort failed and, along with many other miners, he moved to the goldfields near
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765:, Charlton opposed military training and commitments of Australian forces. In 1924 Charlton was invited to a
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was named in his honour, and was a safe Labor seat from its creation in 1984 until its abolition in 2016.
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that today has less than 500 residents. He was born to
Matthew Charlton, an English miner from
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by voting for Hughes' conscription referendum bill, even though he was vehemently opposed to
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538:(15 March 1866 â 8 December 1948) was an Australian politician who served as leader of the
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was a weak leader in health and political prowess. The successor-designate was
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621:. After primary education at Lambton Public School, Charlton began work at
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565:. He left school at a young age to work in the coal mines, initially as a
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Colleagues urged
Charlton to stand for the state electoral district of
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742:(the party's sole senator). Gardiner was then chosen as his deputy.
585:. He was elected party leader in early 1922, following the death of
1975:
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1297:. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Archived from
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Members of the
Australian House of Representatives for Hunter
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Australian Labor Party members of the
Parliament of Australia
997:"Colliery Employees Federation of the Northern District..."
777:. At the conference Charlton strongly opposed war, and the
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Charlton shortly after his election to federal parliament
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for the Labor Party. He switched to federal parliament
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from 1922 to 1928. He led the party to defeat at the
685:. Hunter has remained a safe Labor seat ever since.
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977:
NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages Search
641:In 1896 plans to reduce coal workers' wages led to
2808:Members of the Australian House of Representatives
1295:"High Contracting Parties to the Geneva Protocol"
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1195:. University of Queensland Press. p. 490.
1329:â Death Record Search (accessed 10 March 2008)
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1320:NSW Register of Births, Deaths and Marriages
1074:"Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862â1952)"
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999:New South Wales electronic regional archives
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2833:Politicians from Newcastle, New South Wales
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715:the party before a decision could be made.
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1140:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
1082:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
954:. Bill Riley's Pitwork.net. Archived from
881:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
31:
1130:Johnston, W. Ross; Murphy, D. J. (1988).
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319:6 August 1904 â 28 February 1910
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366:5 December 1903 â 6 August 1904
179:30 September 1921 â 16 May 1922
57:25 January 1922 â 29 March 1928
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701:Charlton was an immediate success with
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253:13 April 1910 â 9 October 1928
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128:Acting leader: 5 January â 16 May 1922
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2798:Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
2524:1975 Australian constitutional crisis
2504:History of the Australian Labor Party
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1377:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
1340:"Charlton â Electoral Profile (AEC)"
663:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
581:, and remained with Labor after the
571:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
350:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
303:New South Wales Legislative Assembly
125:16 May 1922 â 29 March 1928
2828:20th-century Australian politicians
167:Assistant Leader of the Labor Party
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1237:"MR. CHARLTON LEADER IN THE HOUSE"
1137:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1079:Australian Dictionary of Biography
878:Australian Dictionary of Biography
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1193:T. J. Ryan: A Political Biography
1132:"Ryan, Thomas Joseph (1876â1921)"
1019:"Mr Matthew Charlton (1866â1948)"
1368:Australian Labor Party biography
758:. Labor remained in opposition.
1344:Australian Electoral Commission
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873:"Charlton, Matthew (1866â1948)"
761:Because of great losses during
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1142:Australian National University
1084:Australian National University
883:Australian National University
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1025:Parliament of New South Wales
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677:Charlton wrested the federal
647:Kalgoorlie, Western Australia
637:Emerging interest in politics
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2349:Australian Capital Territory
1072:Fitzhardinge, L. F. (1979).
1048:"Index of Members 1901â2002"
7:
952:"Early Coal Mining History"
794:Prime Minister of Australia
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2549:Norfolk Island Labor Party
619:Newcastle, New South Wales
561:, but as a child moved to
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746:Leader of the Opposition
736:Leader of the Opposition
563:Lambton, New South Wales
544:Leader of the Opposition
45:Leader of the Opposition
2420:Chifley Research Centre
1440:Parliament of Australia
2818:Australian coal miners
2410:Australian Young Labor
1735:Australian Labor Party
1485:Australian Labor Party
1277:"FEDERAL LABOUR PARTY"
1023:Former members of the
871:Perks, Murray (1979).
809:
792:went on to become the
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653:State political career
552:1925 federal elections
540:Australian Labor Party
2554:The light on the hill
932:. Postcodes Australia
807:
752:1922 federal election
718:The new Labor leader
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557:Charlton was born in
507:Lambton Public School
237:Australian Parliament
16:Australian politician
1225:. 30 September 1921.
829:Division of Charlton
689:Early federal career
605:, a small town near
579:anti-conscriptionist
377:Arthur Hill Griffith
2534:Federal Labor (NSW)
2400:National Conference
2299:Beazley (1996â2001)
1325:6 July 2011 at the
1301:on 18 November 2007
1281:The Melbourne Argus
982:6 July 2011 at the
958:on 24 December 2012
775:Geneva, Switzerland
583:party split of 1916
2405:National Executive
2393:Party institutions
2359:Northern Territory
1265:. 26 January 1922.
1257:"NEW LABOR LEADER"
1245:. 26 January 1922.
1217:"LABOR LEADERSHIP"
930:"Linton, Victoria"
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784:Charlton lost the
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679:Division of Hunter
577:. Charlton was an
429:Colony of Victoria
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2559:Tree of Knowledge
2544:Industrial Groups
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2279:Whitlam (1967â72)
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1492:Succeeded by
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1429:Succeeded by
1401:Succeeded by
1151:978-0-522-84459-7
1093:978-0-522-84459-7
892:978-0-522-84459-7
822:Sandgate Cemetery
814:City of Newcastle
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681:from the sitting
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773:) conference in
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536:Matthew Charlton
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403:Personal details
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2529:Faceless men
2001:Gareth Evans
1986:Paul Keating
1981:Lionel Bowen
1936:Ted Theodore
1911:Billy Hughes
1887:
1883:Bill Shorten
1875:
1868:
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1836:Paul Keating
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1454:
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1391:
1347:. Retrieved
1334:
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1303:. Retrieved
1299:the original
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1171:. Retrieved
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956:the original
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934:. Retrieved
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912:. Retrieved
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712:conscription
708:Billy Hughes
700:
669:, replacing
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627:coal trapper
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535:
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440:(1948-12-08)
384:Succeeded by
361:
337:Succeeded by
314:
276:Rowley James
271:Succeeded by
248:
210:Frank Anstey
205:Succeeded by
174:
157:Succeeded by
120:
103:Succeeded by
68:Billy Hughes
52:
18:
2788:1948 deaths
2783:1866 births
2453:Labor Right
2045:Governments
2006:Simon Crean
1996:Kim Beazley
1971:Frank Crean
1946:H. V. Evatt
1941:Frank Forde
1857:Kim Beazley
1852:Mark Latham
1847:Simon Crean
1842:Kim Beazley
1823:Bill Hayden
1806:H. V. Evatt
1800:Ben Chifley
1793:John Curtin
1775:Frank Tudor
1477:Frank Tudor
1455:Member for
1420:Member for
1414:John Norton
1404:John Estell
1392:Member for
1349:12 December
1305:12 December
1173:12 December
1115:12 December
1054:12 December
1046:Adam Carr.
1003:12 December
962:13 November
936:12 December
914:12 December
800:Final years
763:World War I
720:Frank Tudor
671:John Norton
631:New Lambton
587:Frank Tudor
451:, Australia
389:John Estell
372:Preceded by
330:John Norton
325:Preceded by
259:Preceded by
193:Preceded by
187:Frank Tudor
151:Frank Tudor
147:Preceded by
96:Frank Tudor
91:Preceded by
2777:Categories
2755:2013 (Oct)
2750:2013 (Jun)
2745:2013 (Mar)
2720:2003 (Dec)
2715:2003 (Jun)
2700:1991 (Dec)
2695:1991 (Jun)
2680:1977 (Dec)
2675:1977 (May)
2519:1955 split
2514:1931 split
2509:1916 split
2484:Lang Labor
2472:Historical
2458:Labor Left
2364:Queensland
2136:Ministries
2021:Wayne Swan
1991:Brian Howe
1966:Jim Cairns
1877:Kevin Rudd
1863:Kevin Rudd
1508:1922â1928
1489:1922â1928
1461:1910â1928
1426:1904â1910
1398:1903â1904
1202:0702209929
1031:3 December
839:References
724:T. J. Ryan
597:Early life
542:(ALP) and
522:Politician
513:Occupation
418:1866-03-15
221:Electorate
198:T. J. Ryan
2248:Gillard 1
2233:Keating 1
2198:Whitlam 1
2188:Chifley 1
1829:Bob Hawke
1160:1833-7538
1102:1833-7538
1050:. Psephos
901:1833-7538
756:coalition
503:Education
362:In office
315:In office
249:In office
175:In office
121:In office
53:In office
2439:Factions
2379:Victoria
2374:Tasmania
2329:Albanese
2263:Albanese
2173:Curtin 1
2148:Fisher 1
2127:Albanese
2057:Fisher I
1976:Tom Uren
1691:Albanese
1582:Charlton
1323:Archived
1191:(1975).
1168:70677943
1110:70677943
980:Archived
909:70677943
732:de facto
607:Ballarat
464:Sandgate
2497:History
2446:Current
2324:Shorten
2213:Hawke 1
2168:Scullin
2122:Rudd II
2117:Gillard
2107:Keating
2097:Whitlam
2092:Chifley
2077:Scullin
1745:Leaders
1685:Shorten
1672:Gillard
1659:Beazley
1644:Beazley
1638:Keating
1619:Whitlam
1613:Calwell
1602:Chifley
1588:Scullin
1394:Waratah
1262:The Age
1222:The Age
831:in the
750:At the
659:Waratah
615:Lambton
575:in 1910
567:hurrier
497:
489:
445:Lambton
354:Waratah
2309:Latham
2289:Hayden
2258:Rudd 2
2243:Rudd 1
2163:Hughes
2143:Watson
2112:Rudd I
2082:Curtin
2072:Hughes
2052:Watson
1654:Latham
1625:Hayden
1595:Curtin
1571:Hughes
1564:Fisher
1557:Watson
1457:Hunter
1199:
1166:
1158:
1148:
1108:
1100:
1090:
907:
899:
889:
611:Durham
480:Spouse
425:Linton
241:Hunter
184:Leader
134:Deputy
78:Deputy
2304:Crean
2294:Hawke
2183:Forde
2102:Hawke
2087:Forde
1649:Crean
1631:Hawke
1608:Evatt
1577:Tudor
769:(now
625:as a
491:(
487:
474:Labor
2760:2019
2740:2012
2735:2010
2730:2006
2725:2005
2710:2001
2705:1996
2690:1983
2685:1982
2670:1976
2665:1968
2660:1967
2655:1966
2650:1960
2645:1959
2640:1956
2635:1954
2630:1951
2625:1945
2620:1935
2615:1931
2610:1928
2605:1922
2600:1920
2595:1916
2590:1915
2585:1913
2580:1907
2575:1901
2319:Rudd
1679:Rudd
1665:Rudd
1351:2007
1307:2007
1197:ISBN
1175:2007
1164:OCLC
1156:ISSN
1146:ISBN
1117:2007
1106:OCLC
1098:ISSN
1088:ISBN
1056:2007
1033:2019
1005:2007
964:2009
938:2007
916:2007
905:OCLC
897:ISSN
887:ISBN
827:The
675:1910
550:and
548:1922
435:Died
408:Born
352:for
305:for
239:for
2067:III
2779::
2062:II
1342:.
1279:.
1259:.
1239:.
1219:.
1162:.
1154:.
1144:.
1134:.
1104:.
1096:.
1086:.
1076:.
1064:^
1021:.
903:.
895:.
885:.
875:.
847:^
796:.
633:.
554:.
493:m.
462:,
447:,
427:,
2253:2
2238:2
2228:4
2223:3
2218:2
2208:3
2203:2
2193:2
2178:2
2158:3
2153:2
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