40:
802:- the Tereshchenko Brothers Partnership and the Brodsky Alexander Partnership. In 1893 he published the book "Analysis of sugary substances. A Practical Guide to the Chemical Investigation of Materials and Products of Beet Sugar Production” and “Reference Book and Guide to Beet Sugar Production”.In addition, he received patents for his own inventions: for new methods of sugar production; on marching mobile centers for the army; on a device that uses the heat of flue gases to heat and purify water with the associated destruction of smoke. Tikhomirov also invented filters with automatic washing of the filter material for sugar, distilleries, oil mills and other plants. The filters have been widely used at home and abroad.
906:, who instructed to allocate funding for Tikhomirov's workshop, on 1 March 1921, the country's first research and development organization for the development of smokeless powder shells began its work at the military department - " Laboratory for the development of inventions by N. I. Tikhomirov. In 1924, under the leadership of N.I. Tikhomirov, a recipe for smokeless pyroxylin powder was created on a non-volatile solvent - TNT, which differs from black smoke powder in powerful and stable combustion. In 1925 Tikhomirov's laboratory moved to
791:. Based on the experience gained, he wrote a three-volume educational work. In 1886, the Moscow printing house of L. F. Snegirev printed the first volume of "Technology of woolen production in the VI parts with a separate large atlas of machines and apparatus", the 2nd volume "Finishing the cloth" and the 3rd volume "Artificial wool and wool carbonization. The Babkin brothers, having learned about this, regarded the publication of books as a direct threat to their production, fired their assistant and banned the publication of these books.
949:
889:
836:. In conclusion, it was noted: "The invention consists in setting in motion water and air torpedoes by sequential ignition of cartridges with slow-burning gunpowder ... The calculation shows that such an action of such torpedoes is quite possible ...". However, on 23 March 1916, based on the opinion of the expert
930:
on gunpowder in a non-volatile solvent, and much more. Tikhomirov was the author of important theoretical works in the field of rocket technology, including: "Determination of the most favorable burning time of gunpowder in a rocket projectile", "Rocket flight" and "External ballistics of rocket projectiles".
929:
Under the leadership of
Tikhomirov he personally prepared calculations and drawings of a 3-inch rocket projectile. Equipment for pressing powder cartridges were made, more than 200 experimental nozzles were manufactured and tested in the search for optimal sizes, numerous experiments were carried out
884:
in Moscow, where they conducted the first experiments with black powder. The engineers maintained the workshop with their own money, as well as the funds that they received from the sale of bicycle accessories and children's toys made in the workshop. On 1 March 1921, at the initiative of
Tikhomirov,
968:
In 1987, in
Leningrad, on Nevsky Prospekt, on the wall of house 92, a memorial plaque was installed (architect V. S. Vasilkovsky) on which it is written: “In this house from 1926 to 1930, Nikolai Ivanovich Tikhomirov, the founder of the Gas Dynamic Laboratory, lived and worked, the first in the USSR
823:
personally came to the test, ordered the work to be continued and allocated the necessary funding. In
November 1915, Tikhomirov applied for a patent to the Technical Affairs Committee of the Department of Industry of the Ministry of Trade and Industry, which issued him a protective certificate No.
814:
In 1909, Tikhomirov returned to Moscow to develop "numerous research and inventions accumulated over many years ... scientific and practical work." He made a schematic development and the necessary calculations of "self-propelled mines". Tikhomirov suggested using the reaction of gases during the
810:
Since 1894, Tikhomirov has been working on the problem of creating rocket projectiles - "self-propelled mines of reactive action", until 1897 "conducted experiments with small models moving in water using the jet work of powder gases ...". Once, while conducting chemical experiments in the
753:, to a noble family of a real state councilor. His birth name was Nikolai Viktorovich Slyotov. In the 1880s, he took a pseudonym for himself, the name of his childhood friend Nikolai, the son of the merchant Ivan Tikhomirov. Subsequently, the pseudonym became his official surname.
1005:
910:. On 3 March 1928, the first launch of a rocket on smokeless powder was carried out at one of the training grounds in the Leningrad region, which had a range of about 1,300 metres. This design served as the foundation for the creation of rockets for the famous
1016:
885:
the workshop was transformed into a laboratory for the study and design of rocket technology, the main focus of which was the creation of solid rockets. In the same year, the inventors began to develop rockets for aircraft.
39:
863:
827:
N.I. Tikhomirov's agent in those years was Dr. Slyotov, who filed petitions for the invention to various authorities. On 11 February 1916, he received a positive conclusion from the expert commission, which was signed by
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879:
775:
706:
815:
combustion of flammable liquids or explosives in combination with an ejected air medium to propel a rocket. In 1912, he submitted his project to the
Minister of the Navy, Admiral
1117:
Cosmonautics. Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. V.P. Glushko; Editorial Board: V.P. Barmin, K.D. Bushuev, V.S. Vereshchetin and others. - M .: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1985. - S. 30-31. — 528 p
783:
From the mid-1880s, he worked in various fields of industry, first as an assistant to the director of the
Association of the Babkin Brothers Kupavinskaya cloth factory in the
770:
798:, where he worked first as an intern, and then as chief chemist and director of sugar distilleries of the two largest sugar beet and refining corporations of the
1000:
688:
874:
1422:
1094:
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989:
1330:"Указ Президента СССР от 21.06.1991 № УП-2120 «О присвоении звания Героя Социалистического Труда создателям отечественного реактивного оружия»"
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laboratory, he injured his right arm and left leg from an explosion, because of which "he was released from military service forever."
681:
129:
1432:
866:, about his invention of "a special type of air and water self-propelled mines." The invention was subjected to new examinations.
1367:
328:
1437:
1309:"Who created the "Katyusha"? Andrey Kostikov: the life and fate of the inventor of "Katyusha" Who is the designer of Katyusha"
1387:
674:
1417:
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761:
After graduating from the lyceum, he studied at the chemical department of the
Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the
1412:
840:, a decision was made: “... to refuse to issue a privilege on the basis of Art. 75 of the Charter on Industry ... ".
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833:
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Tikhomirov and other participants in the creation of the famous rocket weapon of the Second World War, the
146:
1329:
940:. The burial place was lost; in 1971 a symbolic tomb monument to Tikhomirov was erected at the cemetery.
1402:
762:
162:
1156:
721:; November 1859 – 28 April 1930) was a Russian and Soviet chemical engineer, inventor, founder of the
1407:
1096:Неизвестный Лангемак : конструктор "Катюш" / Neizvestnyĭ Langemak : konstruktor "Kati︠u︡sh"
1022:
356:
1236:
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911:
859:
765:. After graduation, he worked in the technical laboratory of the Imperial Moscow University and at
730:
220:
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915:
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1192:. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA History Div. p. 6
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8:
962:
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780:, who gave popular lectures on the production of "nutritional and flavoring substances".
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1212:"Katyusha rocket launcher. Weapon of Victory: multiple launch rocket system "Katyusha""
937:
893:
855:
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660:
303:
283:
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1128:"Tikhomirov Nikolay Ivanovich ( Soviet specialist in the field of missile technology)"
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976:, received official recognition only in 1991. By decree of the President of the USSR
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Council of People's
Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
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309 (without disclosure) for a type of "self-propelled mines for water and air."
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Bust of
Nikolai Ivanovich Tikhomirov. Saint Petersburg. Museum of rocket science.
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1161:(Volume 1 ed.). National Aeronautics and Space Administration. p. 164
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research and development organization for the development of rocket technology.
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Challenge to Apollo : the Soviet Union and the space race, 1945-1974
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914:. In July 1928, the laboratory of N. I. Tikhomirov was renamed the
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lunar impact crater on the Moon's far side named after
Tikhomirov
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Nikolai Ivanovich Tikhomirov died on 28 April 1930 in Leningrad.
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In the spring of 1920, Tikhomirov and his closest assistant,
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for consideration. The project was reported to the emperor.
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858:, Tikhomirov remained in Russia. In May 1919, he turned to
843:
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1021:
and N. I. Tikhomirov were posthumously awarded title of
832:, Chairman of the Inventions Department of the Moscow
918:(GDL) of the Military Scientific Committee under the
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With the assistance of the Commander-in-Chief of the
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741:on the far side of the Moon is named after him.
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965:on the far side of the Moon after Tikhomirov.
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1423:Academic staff of Moscow State University
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329:Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories
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844:Founder of the Gas Dynamics Laboratory
1287:"Мемориальная доска Тихомирову Н. И."
1099:. In Russian: EKSMO. pp. 101–107
661:List of Soviet and Russian cosmonauts
1120:
901:Armed Forces of the Soviet Republic
13:
1155:Chertok, Boris (31 January 2005).
16:Russian and Soviet rocket engineer
14:
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1428:Imperial Moscow University alumni
1378:Engineers from the Russian Empire
1433:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
959:International Astronomical Union
936:He was buried in Moscow, at the
729:and one of the inventors of the
38:
1322:
1279:
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769:in the laboratory of Professor
115:specialist in rocket technology
1368:20th-century Russian engineers
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920:Revolutionary Military Council
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1:
1438:Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery
1289:Энциклопедия Санкт-Петербурга
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834:Military Industrial Committee
1388:Early spaceflight scientists
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702:Nikolai Ivanovich Tikhomirov
147:Soviet crewed lunar programs
7:
733:, which he was awarded the
719:Nikolai Viktorovich Slyotov
10:
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1418:Soviet aerospace engineers
1393:Heroes of Socialist Labour
847:
763:Imperial Moscow University
715:Николай Иванович Тихомиров
357:Expendable launch vehicles
163:Human spaceflight programs
1413:Soviet chemical engineers
1054:"Gas Dynamics Laboratory"
1023:Heroes of Socialist Labor
749:Born in November 1859 in
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61:
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974:Katyusha rocket launcher
912:Katyusha rocket launcher
860:Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich
737:(1991, posthumously). A
1398:Rocket science pioneers
916:Gas Dynamics Laboratory
850:Gas Dynamics Laboratory
735:Hero of Socialist Labor
723:Gas Dynamics Laboratory
99:Hero of Socialist Labor
89:Gas Dynamics Laboratory
1373:Scientists from Moscow
1183:Siddiqi, Asif (2000).
953:
944:Awards and recognition
896:
892:Memorial plate at the
561:Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
1237:"Tikhomirov, Nikolai"
1093:Glushko, A V (2012).
951:
891:
806:Early rocket research
606:Konstantin Feoktistov
591:Alexander Kemurdzhian
1001:B. S. Petropavlovsky
980:dated 21 June 1991,
794:Tikhomirov left for
596:Valentina Tereshkova
138:Soviet space program
1262:"Tikhomirov (Moon)"
1241:The Free Dictionary
875:Tikhvinskaya Street
611:Mikhail Tikhonravov
324:Astron (spacecraft)
205:(lunar Soyuz 7K-L1)
1158:Rockets and People
954:
938:Vagankovo Cemetery
897:
894:Vagankovo Cemetery
856:October Revolution
789:Moscow Governorate
132:of articles on the
25:Nikolai Tikhomirov
1403:Rocket scientists
1332:. КонсультантПлюс
1266:We name the stars
1058:Russian Space Web
978:Mikhail Gorbachev
871:Vladimir Artemyev
862:, manager of the
830:Nikolay Zhukovsky
727:rocket technology
699:
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626:Vladimir Chelomey
194:
123:
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106:Scientific career
32:Николай Тихомиров
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1408:Soviet inventors
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571:Mstislav Keldysh
566:Friedrich Zander
304:Lunokhod program
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817:Aleksei Birilev
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259:Sputnik program
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87:founder of the
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586:Yuri Gagarin
489:Soyuz/Vostok
344:Vega program
309:Mars program
299:Zond program
294:Luna program
252:Space probes
217:(Mars flyby)
190:Apollo–Soyuz
152:Luna program
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1363:1930 deaths
1358:1859 births
1132:Celebrities
1015: [
1004: [
993: [
878: [
821:Nicholas II
774: [
757:Early years
74:Nationality
1352:Categories
1216:ezoteriker
1030:References
854:After the
654:Cosmonauts
908:Leningrad
745:Biography
707:‹See Tfd›
369:Molniya-M
364:Kosmos-3M
68:Leningrad
1336:14 April
1293:15 April
961:named a
731:Katyusha
334:RELIKT-1
130:a series
128:Part of
922:of the
796:Ukraine
717:; born
711:Russian
531:Tsyklon
499:Voskhod
494:Sputnik
457:Molniya
410:Energia
279:Molniya
274:GLONASS
235:Energia
193:(joint)
175:Voskhod
78:Russian
1314:5 June
1271:5 June
1246:5 June
1221:5 June
1196:22 May
1165:29 May
1137:5 June
1103:5 June
1063:5 June
963:crater
751:Moscow
739:crater
504:Vostok
462:Polyot
415:Kosmos
374:Proton
339:Venera
284:Meteor
264:Kosmos
221:Spiral
185:Salyut
170:Vostok
112:Fields
95:Awards
56:Moscow
1190:(PDF)
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581:Laika
467:Soyuz
398:Zenit
386:Soyuz
289:Zenit
239:Buran
226:Almaz
209:N1-L3
180:Soyuz
1338:2020
1316:2022
1295:2020
1273:2022
1248:2022
1223:2022
1198:2022
1167:2022
1139:2022
1105:2022
1065:2022
924:USSR
452:Luna
269:Bion
203:Zond
62:Died
50:Born
787:of
447:R-7
230:TKS
215:TMK
198:Mir
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