620:
368:
254:
360:
352:
56:
49:
583:
344:
336:
328:
246:
8281:
8269:
647:. Analysis of two swords showed a copper/arsenic composition of 96%/3.15% and 93%/2.65%. Two daggers tested at copper/arsenic 96%/3.99% and 97%/3.06% with a third at copper/silver composition of 50%/35% with a trace of arsenic. Among them, three swords were beautifully inlaid with silver. These objects were found in the "hall of weapons" in the area of the palace.
1655:
671:
The next Phases or periods were VI B1 and VI B2. This is the time to which the other big discovery at
Arslantepe belongs. This is the rich “Royal Tomb” where high quality pottery, and a large number of refined metal objects, made with several kinds of copper based alloys, were found. A sword was also
663:
was found in 1962 in Israel. Among the many copper objects in it, "Egyptian type" copper axes were found. These axes were made using copper-arsenic-nickel (CuAsNi) alloy that probably originated in
Arslantepe area. Objects from Arslantepe using such polymetallic ores are mainly ascribed to Level VIA
601:
The first
Italian excavations at the site of Arslantepe started in 1961, and were conducted under the direction of Professors Piero Meriggi and Salvatore M. Puglisi until 1968. The choice of the site was initially due to their desire to investigate the Neo-Hittite phases of occupation at the site, a
684:
Arslantepe probably participated in the metal and ore trade between the areas north and south. To the north were the metal-rich areas of the Black Sea coast; ores and metals from there were traded to Upper
Mesopotamia in the south. Already during the older Arslantepe VII period, metal objects could
606:
Meriggi only took part in the first few campaigns and later left the direction to
Puglisi, a palaeoethnologist, who expanded and regularly conducted yearly investigations under regular permit from the Turkish government. Alba Palmieri took over the supervision of the excavation during the 1970s. In
893:
Frangipane
Marcella. The Late Chalcolithic IEB I sequence at Arslantepe. Chronological and cultural remarks from a frontier site. In: Chronologies des pays du Caucase et de l’Euphrate aux IVe-IIIe millénaires. From the Euphrates to the Caucasus: Chronologies for the 4th-3rd millennium B.C. Vom
602:
period in which
Malatya was the capital of one of the most important reigns born after the destruction of the Hittite Empire in its most eastern borders. Majestic remains of this period had been known from Arslantepe since the 1930s after they were brought to light by a French expedition. The
675:
This “Royal Tomb” dates to the beginning of period VI B2, or perhaps even earlier to period VI B1. There’s a considerable similarity between these two groups of objects in the “hall of weapons”, and in the “Royal Tomb”, and the times of manufacture of some of them must have been pretty close
1434:
Vignola, Cristiano, et al., "Changes in the Near
Eastern chronology between the 5th and the 3rd millennium BC: New AMS 14C dates from Arslantepe (Turkey)", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 456, pp. 276–282,
443:
The causes of that previous destruction remain unclear, because the Kura–Araxes culture is not known for military conquests or maintaining large armies. Nevertheless, there was also another culture present in this area at about the same time, which built a monumental
451:
among the remains of the previous Late Uruk-related central building (see below). This tomb had many weapons in it, and it was built with very large stone slabs, demanding a lot of labour. Kura–Araxes culture is not known for such large constructions.
921:
Frangipane
Marcella. A 4th-millennium temple/palace complex at Arslantepe-Malatya. North-South relations and the formation of early state societies in the Northern regions of Greater Mesopotamia.. In: Paléorient, vol. 23, no. 1. pp. 45-73,
692:
manufacturing traditions, and the metal analysis even shows provenance from northern
Caucasus. All this indicates that the expansion of Kura–Araxes culture to wider areas may have been prompted in part by a trade of ores and metals.
407:, a site located 24 km northeast of Melid, is notable as the location of the earliest secure evidence of copper smelting. The site was built on a small natural outcrop in the flood plain about 40m from the Euphrates River.
894:
Euphrat in den Kaukasus: Vergleichende Chronologie des 4. und 3. Jahrtausends v. Chr. Actes du Colloque d’Istanbul, 16-19 décembre 1998. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, pp. 439-471, 2000
395:
Arslantepe (VII) became important in this region in the Late Chalcolithic. A monumental area with a huge mudbrick building stood on top of a mound. This large building had wall decorations; its function is uncertain.
672:
found in the tomb. This tomb is also known as the tomb of "Signor Arslantepe", as he was called by archaeologists. He was about 40 years old, and the tomb is radiocarbon dated to 3085–2900 Cal. BC.
1409:
Manuelli, Federico, and Lucia Mori, "The King at the Gate: Monumental Fortifications and the Rise of Local Elites at Arslantepe at the End of the 2nd Millennium bce", Origini 39, pp. 209–242, 2016
685:
be found with a signature of ores from near the Black Sea coast. This makes it probable that some Transcaucasian groups would have been present at Arslantepe already in the fourth millennium.
422:
Culturally, Melid was part of the "Northern regions of Greater Mesopotamia" functioning as a trade colony along the Euphrates River bringing raw materials to Sumer (Lower Mesopotamia).
1168:
Frangipane, M. et.al. 2010: The collapse of the 4th millennium centralised system at Arslantepe and the far-reaching changes in 3rd millennium societies. ORIGINI XXXIV, 2012: 237-260.
502:
at the frontier between the Hittites and the Mitanni; it was loyal to Tushratta. Suppiluliuma I used Melid as a base for his military campaign to sack the Mitanni capital
938:
8014:
1253:
Hauptmann, Andreas et al., "Chemical Composition and Lead Isotopy of Metal Objects from the 'Royal' Tomb and Other Related Finds at Arslantepe, Eastern Anatolia",
1187:
1859:
1325:"New evidence for long-distance trade in arsenical copper during the Early Bronze Age in the southern Levant: analysis of weapons from the Nesher-Ramla cemetery"
657:. Also, 12 spearheads were found. These objects were dated to the period VI A (3400-3200 BC). Phase VI A at Arslantepe ended in destruction—the city was burned.
8332:
8312:
536:
ruled. His two grandsons, Runtyas (Runtiya) and Arnuwantis, were at first appointed as “Country Lords” of Melid, but later they also became kings of Melid.
1363:
432:
Around 3000 BCE, the transitional EBI-EBII, there was widespread burning and destruction of the previous significant Uruk-oriented settlement. After this
331:
Mural paintings in the ruins of Arslantepe in Malatya, Turkey. They are from 3350 to 3000 BC, and were found in a complex that must have been a palace
8337:
1037:
In book: Lafer R., Dolenz H., Luik M. (eds.), Antiquitates variae. Festschrift fĂĽr Karl Strobel zum 65. Geburtstag (pp.227-241) Publisher: VML Verlag
1366:
in Vittoria Dall'Armellina 2017, Power of Symbols or Symbols of Power? The "long sword" in the Near East and the Aegean in the second millennium BC.
931:
Schmidt-Schultz Tyedje, Schultz Michael, Sadori Laura, Palmieri A., Morbidelli Paola, Hauptmann Andreas, Di Nocera Gian Maria, Frangipane Marcella,
639:
known so far date to ca. the 33rd to 31st centuries BCE, during the Early Bronze Age, and have been founds at Arslantepe by Marcella Frangipane of
543:(1115–1077 BC) resulted in the kingdom of Melid being forced to pay tribute to Assyria. Melid remained able to prosper until the Assyrian king
8252:
1472:
1124:
E. Equini Schneider, "Malatya II: Rapporto preliminare delle Campagne 1963–1968. Il Livello Romano Bizantino e le Testimonianze Islamiche",
8007:
1852:
459:
are quite clear based on architecture and the metalwork. The exact chronology and sequence of these events still remain to be clarified.
8327:
904:
868:
1776:
1445:
1055:
John A. C. Greppin and I. M. Diakonoff. "Some Effects of the Hurro-Urartian People and Their Languages upon the Earliest Armenians"
8307:
8000:
718:
8023:
1845:
1035:
Carving the memory, altering the past. PUGNUS-mili and the earlier Iron Age rulers at Arslantepe/Malizi (South-Eastern Turkey).
650:
These weapons have a total length of 45 to 60 cm which suggests their description as either short swords or long daggers.
1868:
1390:
Graves of power. Circulation of elite strategies between Caucasus and south-eastern Anatolia in the dawn of the Bronze Age.
1018:
Graves of power. Circulation of elite strategies between Caucasus and south-eastern Anatolia in the dawn of the Bronze Age.
97:
8104:
1137:
P.E. Pecorella, "Malatya III: Rapporto preliminare delle Campagne 1963–1968. Il Livello Eteo Imperiale e quelli Neoetei",
723:
952:"Different types of multiethnic societies and different patterns of development and change in the prehistoric Near East"
425:
Numerous similarities have been found between these early layers at Arslantepe, and the somewhat later site of Birecik (
1231:
1195:
1465:
1422:
619:
376:
270:
8317:
2594:
696:
Nevertheless, according to Martina Massimino (2023), the widespread metal trade was rather conducted by the Maikop-
514:
After the end of the Hittite empire, from the 12th to 7th century BC, the city became the center of an independent
1654:
48:
5957:
631:, Jerusalem. These axes were made using copper–arsenic–nickel alloy that probably originated in Arslantepe area
4666:
2989:
525:, also known as 'Malizi'. A palace was built and monumental stone sculptures of lions and the ruler erected.
1377:
ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION AND SOCIAL ROLE OF METALLURGY IN THE PREHISTORIC SEQUENCE OF ARSLANTEPE (TURKEY).
8342:
8214:
8192:
7816:
6442:
3897:
1458:
7806:
6650:
700:
group which constructed the big chiefly tomb at Arslantepe. According to her, the recent excavations at
640:
8352:
8168:
5252:
5024:
4220:
932:
455:
On the other hand, according to Martina Massimino (2023), the connections of this tomb with the Maikop-
312:
17:
467:
In the Late Bronze Age, the site became an administrative center of a larger region in the kingdom of
367:
5712:
5642:
713:
704:
in Turkey indicate the presence of the same group there, and provide more evidence for this theory.
7706:
7371:
4425:
3164:
2934:
2159:
1150:
Alba Palmieri, "Excavations at Arslantepe (Malatya)," Anatolian Studies, vol. 31, pp. 101-119, 1981
201:
1159:
Alba Palmieri, "Arslantepe Excavations, 1982," Kazi Sonuçlari Toplantisi, vol. 5, pp. 97-101, 1983
253:
8177:
8128:
8091:
7711:
6915:
6830:
4981:
4500:
4172:
4157:
3762:
3604:
2124:
2009:
689:
433:
249:
A Hittite lion from the Neo-Hittite era (1180-700 BC) at the entrance to the ruins of Arslantepe.
8114:
7946:
7426:
6745:
5682:
5152:
4756:
4102:
3584:
2094:
697:
591:
456:
8222:
1389:
1376:
1017:
819:
7836:
7486:
6930:
6895:
6845:
6565:
5687:
4335:
3089:
2984:
2824:
2139:
1221:
797:
595:
7886:
8347:
7536:
6965:
6890:
6825:
6700:
6550:
6327:
5962:
5952:
5532:
5457:
5247:
5237:
5187:
5147:
4560:
4550:
4535:
4465:
4062:
4052:
3987:
3822:
3722:
3349:
3214:
3099:
2109:
2064:
1111:
S.M. Puglisi and P. Meriggi, "Malatya I: Rapporto preliminare delle Campagne 1961 e 1962",
1060:
963:
426:
262:
4185:
359:
351:
153:
Louis Delaporte, Claude F.A. Schaeffer, Piero Meriggi, Salvatore M. Puglisi, Alba Palmieri
8:
7951:
7916:
7831:
7826:
7796:
7696:
7631:
7381:
7321:
6870:
6760:
6545:
6397:
6212:
6112:
5867:
5647:
5467:
5082:
5067:
4821:
4636:
4112:
4012:
3997:
3917:
3912:
3812:
3419:
3414:
3149:
2929:
2404:
2399:
1974:
1889:
1481:
1292:
1275:
1274:
Hauptmann, Andreas; Heil, Nikolas; Di Nocera, Gian Maria; Stöllner, Thomas (2022-12-30).
608:
389:
297:
171:
8163:
3927:
967:
934:
New Symbols of a New Power in a "Royal" Tomb from 3 000 BC Arslantepe, Malatya (Turkey).
7981:
7866:
7841:
7461:
7301:
7195:
7125:
6535:
6192:
6157:
5817:
5537:
5517:
5407:
5217:
5207:
5102:
5077:
4731:
4600:
3977:
3782:
3174:
2914:
2899:
2724:
2564:
2224:
2029:
1394:
Circuits of Metal Value. Changing Roles of Metals in the Early Aegean and Nearby Lands.
1305:
1022:
Circuits of Metal Value. Changing Roles of Metals in the Early Aegean and Nearby Lands.
994:
951:
567:
436:
pottery appeared in the area. This was a mainly pastoralist culture connected with the
8099:
4661:
4345:
7801:
7691:
7556:
7436:
7331:
7226:
7200:
7130:
7100:
6635:
6610:
6570:
6540:
6525:
6490:
6347:
6047:
5967:
5842:
5652:
5477:
5437:
5402:
5392:
5372:
5317:
5132:
5107:
5087:
4831:
4806:
4726:
4621:
4525:
4505:
4470:
4132:
4057:
3847:
3807:
3752:
3379:
3344:
3094:
3064:
2844:
2569:
2389:
2034:
2024:
1418:
1346:
1309:
1297:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1227:
1034:
999:
981:
758:
754:
660:
624:
540:
7926:
487:
8322:
8068:
7961:
7911:
7326:
7216:
7205:
7175:
7050:
6990:
6855:
6715:
6232:
6202:
5902:
5752:
5727:
5592:
5552:
5542:
5512:
5487:
5377:
5357:
5352:
5117:
5004:
4966:
4776:
4380:
4285:
3907:
3737:
3712:
3702:
3677:
3654:
3534:
3279:
3274:
3159:
3129:
3074:
2959:
2944:
2784:
2644:
2579:
2574:
2469:
2339:
2314:
2134:
2084:
2039:
2014:
1336:
1287:
1217:
989:
971:
742:
644:
293:
85:
7221:
1341:
1324:
1260:
8285:
7992:
7611:
7591:
7546:
7541:
7466:
7441:
7336:
7271:
7210:
7180:
7110:
6995:
6920:
6885:
6780:
6660:
6655:
6640:
6590:
6475:
6470:
6460:
6322:
6297:
6282:
6107:
5847:
5747:
5662:
5562:
5522:
5472:
5412:
5362:
5347:
5177:
4906:
4656:
4651:
4485:
4360:
4280:
4230:
4142:
3634:
3399:
3339:
3304:
3259:
3224:
3134:
3039:
2849:
2749:
2329:
2089:
2044:
1450:
853:
839:
Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions. Vol. 1: Inscriptions of the Iron Age.
571:
8231:
7881:
1837:
1226:. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East (Vol. 4). BRILL. pp. 52–53.
404:
8226:
8151:
7846:
7666:
7656:
7621:
7481:
7396:
6985:
6925:
6905:
6820:
6122:
6117:
6097:
6057:
6012:
5977:
5927:
5812:
5772:
5657:
5632:
5557:
5452:
5422:
5307:
5222:
5202:
5197:
5157:
5097:
5054:
4926:
4002:
3837:
3792:
3692:
3579:
3539:
3464:
3444:
3404:
3324:
3319:
2874:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2759:
2704:
2534:
2509:
2434:
2239:
2219:
2069:
1944:
1924:
1500:
1046:
J. D. Hawkins, Assyrians and Hittites, Iraq, vol. 36, no. 1/2, pp. 67-83, 1974
770:
582:
563:
355:
Carving of two "lionmen" (1200 BCE) at the entrance to the ruins of Arslantepe.
343:
335:
327:
245:
7856:
7341:
7030:
1528:
1523:
8301:
8273:
8031:
7676:
7571:
7190:
7185:
7140:
7090:
6975:
6765:
6735:
6670:
6217:
5852:
5677:
5637:
5342:
5257:
5242:
5142:
5122:
4480:
4180:
4032:
3882:
3727:
3644:
3544:
3454:
3394:
3354:
3069:
2969:
2924:
2859:
2694:
2599:
2559:
2544:
2394:
2359:
2129:
2074:
1984:
1929:
1894:
1876:
1518:
1508:
1350:
1301:
1223:
The Domestication of Metals: The Rise of Complex Metal Industries in Anatolia
985:
628:
603:
112:
99:
1254:
976:
533:
8236:
7681:
7636:
7586:
7376:
7311:
7005:
6840:
6740:
6520:
6367:
6247:
6077:
5942:
5757:
5567:
5427:
5267:
4931:
4836:
4515:
4435:
4370:
4310:
4305:
4047:
3742:
3662:
3589:
3574:
3474:
3359:
3104:
3049:
2584:
1771:
1003:
266:
4989:
4761:
4200:
1364:
Sword from the Royal Tomb of Arslantepe (after Frangipane 2004, cat. 107).
1316:
8039:
7736:
7566:
7491:
7411:
7401:
7261:
7015:
6750:
6705:
6555:
6252:
5887:
5742:
5717:
5092:
4961:
4841:
4796:
4540:
4340:
4275:
4255:
4027:
3922:
3697:
3629:
3489:
3289:
3144:
3079:
2954:
2794:
2639:
2369:
2244:
2174:
2019:
1914:
1745:
701:
688:
Also some of the metal artefacts from the “Royal Tomb” clearly belong to
665:
518:
416:
7786:
6710:
1533:
1323:
Yahalom-Mack, Naama; Avrutis, Vladimir Wolff; Erel, Yigal (2023-01-02).
1177:
Frangipane, "The 2002 Exploration Campaign at Arslantepe/Malatya" (2004)
653:
These discoveries were made back in the 1980s. They belong to the local
529:
8118:
8081:
8049:
7956:
7871:
7851:
7756:
7716:
7661:
7576:
7516:
7446:
7266:
7251:
7246:
7236:
7095:
6970:
6800:
6690:
6372:
6317:
6267:
6262:
6197:
6172:
6162:
6152:
6142:
6137:
6087:
6067:
6032:
5987:
5937:
5917:
5877:
5737:
5612:
5602:
5417:
5322:
5302:
5182:
5014:
4999:
4826:
4696:
4590:
4545:
4455:
4390:
4260:
4067:
3967:
3942:
3519:
3479:
3409:
3384:
3299:
2974:
2879:
2739:
2699:
2664:
2589:
2374:
2294:
1804:
1735:
1640:
1632:
548:
503:
372:
7115:
4605:
643:. A cache of nine swords and daggers was found; they are cast from an
213:
8053:
7931:
7896:
7791:
7741:
7721:
7701:
7686:
7671:
7526:
7521:
7496:
7476:
7366:
7316:
7286:
7165:
7070:
7045:
7025:
7010:
6950:
6935:
6850:
6730:
6595:
6575:
6515:
6495:
6455:
6450:
6342:
6287:
6242:
6167:
6147:
6092:
6082:
6037:
6002:
5982:
5972:
5947:
5922:
5907:
5897:
5882:
5807:
5802:
5792:
5732:
5672:
5667:
5582:
5572:
5527:
5397:
5387:
5332:
5297:
5232:
4936:
4911:
4886:
4811:
4716:
4646:
4626:
4616:
4445:
4440:
4410:
4385:
4375:
4355:
4330:
4250:
4225:
4205:
4195:
4122:
4097:
4077:
3672:
3614:
3564:
3559:
3529:
3524:
3484:
3469:
3424:
3284:
3209:
3059:
3029:
2979:
2884:
2799:
2629:
2549:
2529:
2419:
2354:
2284:
2194:
2054:
2004:
1919:
1799:
1763:
1727:
1717:
1709:
1663:
552:
544:
491:
289:
1446:
Missione Archeologica Italiana in Anatolia Orientale Arslantepe site
607:
the early 21st century, the archaeological investigation was led by
8172:
8058:
7936:
7921:
7776:
7766:
7746:
7731:
7561:
7511:
7506:
7451:
7416:
7351:
7306:
7085:
7075:
7060:
7035:
6865:
6860:
6790:
6720:
6685:
6675:
6665:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6585:
6510:
6500:
6465:
6427:
6412:
6406:
6382:
6352:
6337:
6312:
6292:
6257:
6222:
6182:
6132:
6052:
5992:
5912:
5892:
5862:
5857:
5787:
5782:
5707:
5692:
5627:
5617:
5502:
5497:
5462:
5447:
5382:
5337:
5312:
5287:
5262:
5137:
5072:
5009:
4951:
4871:
4846:
4781:
4751:
4746:
4711:
4701:
4686:
4671:
4631:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4555:
4450:
4415:
4405:
4400:
4320:
4295:
4290:
4270:
4245:
4092:
4082:
4037:
4022:
3892:
3862:
3857:
3827:
3767:
3747:
3667:
3639:
3609:
3599:
3554:
3429:
3369:
3329:
3229:
3204:
3184:
3154:
3109:
2854:
2809:
2789:
2744:
2729:
2714:
2709:
2624:
2619:
2604:
2539:
2524:
2514:
2504:
2494:
2484:
2464:
2414:
2409:
2349:
2344:
2334:
2319:
2304:
2299:
2274:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2214:
2199:
2184:
2164:
2104:
2079:
2059:
2049:
1979:
1954:
1939:
1909:
1899:
1884:
1673:
1587:
869:"UNESCO adds 6000-year-old 'Lion Hill' in Turkey's Malatya to list"
766:
556:
476:
472:
437:
288:, was an ancient city on the Tohma River, a tributary of the upper
258:
6417:
1286:(2). Universitatsbibliothek der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum: 113–140.
1276:"Making Copper: Processing in Early Bronze Age Arslantepe (VI B2)"
8200:
8109:
8076:
8044:
7966:
7941:
7906:
7901:
7861:
7781:
7616:
7601:
7456:
7431:
7421:
7391:
7386:
7356:
7346:
7291:
7231:
7170:
7160:
7155:
7120:
7080:
7065:
7040:
7020:
7000:
6910:
6835:
6815:
6810:
6785:
6725:
6695:
6680:
6645:
6560:
6530:
6480:
6387:
6307:
6277:
6272:
6237:
6207:
6187:
6072:
6022:
5932:
5872:
5837:
5822:
5777:
5767:
5702:
5622:
5607:
5587:
5507:
5492:
5482:
5367:
5327:
5292:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5227:
5167:
5062:
5039:
5034:
4921:
4901:
4891:
4876:
4856:
4741:
4691:
4611:
4565:
4530:
4495:
4490:
4460:
4395:
4365:
4350:
4315:
4240:
4215:
4190:
4162:
4152:
4147:
4137:
4117:
4107:
4017:
3972:
3957:
3902:
3887:
3872:
3852:
3842:
3832:
3802:
3797:
3787:
3772:
3757:
3717:
3594:
3549:
3514:
3504:
3499:
3449:
3374:
3364:
3269:
3264:
3249:
3234:
3219:
3179:
3169:
3124:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2994:
2939:
2919:
2889:
2864:
2819:
2814:
2769:
2734:
2679:
2634:
2554:
2499:
2489:
2474:
2454:
2444:
2429:
2279:
2269:
2189:
2179:
2154:
2144:
2099:
1994:
1969:
1964:
1934:
1904:
1699:
1681:
1602:
1543:
522:
495:
480:
301:
1579:
419:
development had grown to include a large temple/palace complex.
8204:
7891:
7876:
7771:
7761:
7651:
7646:
7626:
7606:
7596:
7581:
7531:
7361:
7296:
7276:
7241:
7135:
7055:
6960:
6955:
6880:
6875:
6795:
6775:
6770:
6755:
6605:
6600:
6505:
6485:
6432:
6422:
6392:
6377:
6362:
6302:
6227:
6127:
6102:
6042:
6027:
6017:
6007:
5697:
5597:
5577:
5547:
5442:
5192:
5172:
5162:
5044:
5019:
4971:
4956:
4916:
4896:
4881:
4866:
4851:
4816:
4801:
4791:
4786:
4766:
4736:
4721:
4706:
4681:
4676:
4641:
4595:
4585:
4520:
4510:
4475:
4325:
4300:
4265:
4235:
4087:
4072:
4007:
3982:
3952:
3932:
3877:
3867:
3817:
3777:
3732:
3707:
3687:
3682:
3624:
3619:
3494:
3439:
3434:
3389:
3334:
3314:
3309:
3294:
3244:
3239:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3119:
3114:
3084:
3034:
2964:
2949:
2894:
2869:
2804:
2779:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2719:
2689:
2684:
2669:
2459:
2449:
2424:
2379:
2364:
2324:
2309:
2289:
2249:
2209:
2204:
2169:
2149:
2119:
1999:
1959:
1949:
1791:
1781:
1753:
1691:
1622:
1614:
1569:
1561:
1513:
1490:
1098:
Louis Delaporte, "La Troisième Campagne de Fouille è Malatya",
515:
305:
274:
75:
1273:
590:
Arslantepe was first investigated by the French archaeologist
547:(722–705 BC) sacked the city in 712 BC. At the same time, the
347:
Mural paintings in the ruins of Arslantepe in Malatya, Turkey.
339:
Mural paintings in the ruins of Arslantepe in Malatya, Turkey.
8159:
7976:
7971:
7751:
7551:
7501:
7471:
7406:
7256:
7150:
7145:
7105:
6940:
6900:
6630:
6580:
6357:
6332:
6177:
5832:
5827:
5797:
5762:
5722:
5212:
5127:
4946:
4941:
4861:
4771:
4430:
4420:
4210:
4042:
3992:
3962:
3947:
3937:
3569:
3459:
3254:
3139:
3054:
2999:
2909:
2904:
2674:
2659:
2649:
2614:
2609:
2519:
2479:
2439:
2384:
2234:
2229:
2114:
1989:
1592:
762:
679:
636:
499:
468:
1072:
Louis Delaporte, "Malatya. La Ville et le Pays de Malatya",
8182:
7726:
7641:
7281:
6980:
6945:
6805:
6402:
6062:
5997:
5432:
5112:
4127:
3509:
3044:
2654:
1822:
1814:
446:
1085:
Louis Delaporte, "Malatya – Céramique du Hittite Recent",
475:
threat from the west. It was culturally influenced by the
8136:
4994:
363:
Stone carving at the entrance to the ruins of Arslantepe.
1061:
https://www.jstor.org/stable/603403?read-now=1&seq=8
1322:
471:. The city was heavily fortified, probably due to the
388:
The earliest habitation at the site dates back to the
528:
In the 12th century, Melid was probably dependent on
490:of the Hittites conquered Melid in his war against
8022:
1480:
1867:
1216:
8299:
956:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
614:
1392:in Toby Wilkinson, Susan Sherratt (eds) 2023,
1020:in Toby Wilkinson, Susan Sherratt (eds) 2023,
943:
828:Walter de Gruyter, 2004. Accessed 12 Dec 2010.
498:. At the time Melid was a regional capital of
429:), also in Turkey, to the southwest of Melid.
8253:Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia
8008:
5413:Chelae on the European coast of the Bosphorus
1853:
1466:
1059:Vol. 111, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1991), p. 727.(
937:Paléorient, 2001, vol. 27, n°2. pp. 105-139.
8333:Cylinder and impression seals in archaeology
8313:Buildings and structures in Malatya Province
8015:
8001:
5408:Chelae on the Asian coast of the Bosphorus
1860:
1846:
1473:
1459:
1431:Louis De Laporte, La porte des lions, 1940
949:
680:Expansion of Kura–Araxes and trade in ores
1340:
1291:
993:
975:
296:. It has been identified with the modern
8338:Archaeological sites in Eastern Anatolia
1057:Journal of the American Oriental Society
618:
581:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
252:
244:
849:
847:
719:List of cities of the ancient Near East
14:
8300:
8178:Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
1412:
7996:
1841:
1454:
1415:Historical Dictionary of the Hittites
855:Historical Dictionary of the Hittites
594:from 1932 to 1939. From 1946 to 1951
539:The encounter with the Assyrian king
1293:10.46586/metalla.v26.2022.i2.113-140
844:
383:
269:from the ruins of Arslantepe at the
7837:Antioch in Mesopotamia (Constantia)
5958:Neapolis on the Thracian Chersonese
1210:
1089:, vol. 2, no. 15, pp. 257–285, 1934
1076:, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 119–254, 1933
724:Chronology of the ancient Near East
24:
1403:
1257:, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 43–69, 2002.
816:V 8 IV 18. Op. cit. Puhvel, Jaan.
462:
25:
8364:
8328:Former populated places in Turkey
8105:DivriÄźi Great Mosque and Hospital
1439:
1102:, vol. 5, no. 34, pp. 43–56, 1939
377:Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
271:Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
8280:
8279:
8267:
1653:
375:from the ruins of Arslantepe at
54:
47:
1382:
1369:
1357:
1247:
1188:"Oldest Swords Found in Turkey"
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1144:
1131:
1118:
1105:
1092:
1079:
1066:
1049:
1040:
1027:
1010:
925:
820:Hittite Etymological Dictionary
664:(3400–3000 BCE), dating to the
574:presence in Melid by 1200 BCE.
410:
399:
145:1932-1939, 1946-1951, 1961-1968
8308:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
8024:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
4667:Metropolis in northern Phrygia
2990:Metropolis in southern Phrygia
1413:Burney, Charles Allen (2004).
915:
897:
887:
861:
831:
807:
790:
736:
577:
13:
1:
1869:Ancient settlements in Turkey
1342:10.1080/00758914.2023.2184038
950:Frangipane, Marcella (2015).
802:Reallexikon der Assyriologie.
783:
55:
27:Archaeological site in Turkey
3898:Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia
1194:. 5 May 2013. Archived from
615:Early swords and metal trade
598:carried out some soundings.
7:
7807:Zephyrium on the Calycadnus
6651:Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing
3165:Panormus near Halicarnassus
1375:Gian Maria Di Nocera 2015,
707:
641:Sapienza University of Rome
623:Egyptian type copper axes,
509:
231:74.07 ha (183.0 acres)
10:
8369:
5153:Apollonia on the Rhyndacus
1126:Orientis Antiqui Collectio
1113:Orientis Antiqui Collectio
1033:Federico Manuelli (2019),
586:Arslantepe Ruins, Malatya
322:
313:UNESCO World Heritage Site
172:UNESCO World Heritage Site
8261:
8245:
8213:
8191:
8150:
8127:
8090:
8067:
8030:
7815:
7707:Tetrapyrgia in Cappadocia
6441:
5953:Neapolis on the Bosphorus
5053:
4980:
4171:
3653:
2160:Bargasa in northern Caria
1875:
1813:
1790:
1762:
1744:
1726:
1708:
1690:
1672:
1662:
1651:
1631:
1613:
1601:
1578:
1560:
1542:
1499:
1489:
1139:Orientis Antiqui Collecti
774:
714:List of Neo-Hittite kings
239:
235:
227:
223:4.85 ha (12.0 acres)
219:
209:
194:
186:
178:
169:
165:
157:
149:
141:
136:
128:
91:
81:
71:
42:
35:
7712:Tetrapyrgia in Pamphylia
6916:Hadrianopolis in Pisidia
4501:Hadrianopolis in Phrygia
4158:Zephyrium in Paphlagonia
2935:Magnesia on the Maeander
1388:Martina Massimino 2023,
1100:Review Hittites et Asian
1087:Review Hittites et Asian
1074:Review Hittites et Asian
1016:Martina Massimino 2023,
841:Walter de Gruyter, 2000.
729:
8318:Hittite sites in Turkey
7842:Apamea on the Euphrates
7427:Philadelphia in Cilicia
6831:Dalisandus in Pamphylia
5403:Chelae on the Black Sea
3605:Tripolis on the Meander
2090:Astyra near Adramyttium
2010:Antioch on the Maeander
1024:Oxbow Books. pp.193-195
977:10.1073/pnas.1419883112
826:Words Beginning with M.
818:Trends in Linguistics:
559:and the city declined.
7947:Seleucia at the Zeugma
6566:Aphrodisias of Cilicia
6551:Antioch on the Pyramis
6531:Antioch on the Orontes
5108:Aianteion in the Troad
4098:Sebastopolis in Pontus
905:"TAY-Site Age Details"
698:Novosvobodnaya kurgans
632:
587:
570:, there was likely an
457:Novosvobodnaya kurgans
380:
364:
356:
348:
340:
332:
278:
257:A Hittite relief of a
250:
8215:Southeastern Anatolia
7832:Antioch in the Taurus
7537:Seleucia in Pamphylia
6826:Dalisandus in Isauria
6546:Antioch on the Cragus
5533:Dascylium in Bithynia
4063:Pteria in Paphlagonia
3350:Sebastopolis in Caria
3215:Philadelphia in Lydia
3160:Panormus near Miletus
2825:Laodicea on the Lycus
2140:Aureliopolis in Lydia
804:Accessed 12 Dec 2010.
622:
596:Claude F.A. Schaeffer
585:
370:
362:
354:
346:
338:
330:
256:
248:
142:Excavation dates
113:38.38194°N 38.36111°E
8115:Göreme National Park
7917:Nicopolis in Cilicia
7797:Zenopolis in Isauria
6891:Eudocias (Pamphylia)
6761:Comana in Cappadocia
6398:Tricomia in Bithynia
5683:Helenopolis/Drepanum
4466:Eudocia (Cappadocia)
3793:Comana in the Pontus
3420:Stratonicea in Caria
3415:Stratonicea in Lydia
3100:Nysa on the Maeander
2405:Dios Hieron in Lydia
2400:Dios Hieron in Ionia
2110:Atarneus sub Pitanem
2095:Astyra near Pergamon
645:arsenic–copper alloy
427:Birecik Dam Cemetery
190:Cultural: (iii)
8343:Kura-Araxes culture
8223:Diyarbakır Fortress
7302:Neapolis in Pisidia
7126:Limnae in Pamphylia
6786:Corycus (Kızkalesi)
5648:Hadriani ad Olympum
5583:Drizipara/Drusipara
5538:Dekaton in Bithynia
5103:Aianteion in Thrace
2985:Metropolis in Lydia
2930:Magnesia ad Sipylum
1417:. Scarecrow Press.
1379:Gangemi Editore spa
968:2015PNAS..112.9182F
690:Kura–Araxes culture
609:Marcella Frangipane
390:Chalcolithic period
300:of Arslantepe near
298:archaeological site
109: /
63:Shown within Turkey
32:
7887:Hallan Çemi Tepesi
7802:Zenopolis in Lycia
6571:Apollonia in Lycia
6536:Antioch of Pisidia
6491:Anabura in Pisidia
6348:Tarsus in Bithynia
5843:Limnae in Bithynia
3783:Colonia in Armenia
3345:Sebaste in Phrygia
2570:Heraclea in Aeolis
2565:Heraclea at Latmus
2030:Apollonia Salbaces
2025:Apollonia in Mysia
1396:Oxbow Books. p.195
909:www.tayproject.org
749:and possibly also
633:
588:
483:and the Hittites.
381:
365:
357:
349:
341:
333:
279:
251:
210:Reference no.
118:38.38194; 38.36111
30:
8353:Archaeometallurgy
8295:
8294:
8274:Turkey portal
7990:
7989:
7692:Telmessos (Caria)
7131:Limnae in Pisidia
6991:Isinda in Pisidia
6541:Antiochia Lamotis
5593:Elaea in Bithynia
5543:Dekaton in Thrace
4622:Laodicea Combusta
4506:Heraclea Cybistra
4471:Eudocia (Phrygia)
4058:Prusias ad Hypium
3280:Polichne in Ionia
3275:Polichna in Ionia
2845:Larissa Phrikonis
2575:Heraclea in Lydia
2015:Apamea in Phrygia
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1649:
1648:
1484:states and cities
1218:Yener, K. Aslihan
962:(30): 9182–9189.
837:Hawkins, John D.
661:Kfar Monash Hoard
625:Kfar Monash Hoard
541:Tiglath-Pileser I
384:Late Chalcolithic
319:on 26 July 2021.
243:
242:
205:
16:(Redirected from
8360:
8283:
8282:
8272:
8271:
8270:
8246:Multiple regions
8142:Arslantepe Mound
8092:Central Anatolia
8017:
8010:
8003:
7994:
7993:
7442:Phoenix in Lycia
7181:Malus in Pisidia
6856:Elaiussa Sebaste
5848:Limnae in Thrace
5513:Daphne Mainomene
5378:Cenon Gallicanon
5118:Alexandria Troas
4982:Eastern Anatolia
4657:Malus in Phrygia
4652:Malus in Galatia
4173:Central Anatolia
3963:Laodicea Pontica
3928:HĂĽseyindede Tepe
3908:Heraclea Pontica
3535:Thebe Hypoplakia
3225:Phoenix in Caria
2945:Maionia in Lydia
2580:Heraclea Salbace
2135:Aurelia Neapolis
2040:Apollonos Hieron
1862:
1855:
1848:
1839:
1838:
1670:
1669:
1657:
1497:
1496:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1451:
1428:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1295:
1271:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1198:on 28 March 2022
1184:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1122:
1116:
1109:
1103:
1096:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1031:
1025:
1014:
1008:
1007:
997:
979:
947:
941:
929:
923:
919:
913:
912:
901:
895:
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
865:
859:
851:
842:
835:
829:
811:
805:
794:
777:
776:
740:
486:Around 1350 BC,
317:Arslantepe Mound
294:Taurus Mountains
284:, also known as
199:
182:Arslantepe Mound
124:
123:
121:
120:
119:
114:
110:
107:
106:
105:
102:
86:Malatya Province
58:
57:
51:
33:
29:
21:
8368:
8367:
8363:
8362:
8361:
8359:
8358:
8357:
8298:
8297:
8296:
8291:
8268:
8266:
8257:
8241:
8209:
8187:
8146:
8123:
8086:
8063:
8026:
8021:
7991:
7986:
7818:
7811:
7547:Seleucia Sidera
7542:Seleucia Pieria
6986:Isinda in Lycia
6886:Eudocia (Lycia)
6781:Corycium Antrum
6437:
6298:Serrion Teichos
6058:Pegae in Thrace
5813:Larisa in Troad
5253:Basilica Therma
5223:Astyra in Troad
5049:
5025:Justinianopolis
4976:
4551:Kaman-Kalehöyük
4231:Aquae Saravenae
4167:
3649:
3340:Satala in Lydia
2840:Larisa in Lydia
2835:Larisa in Ionia
2830:Larisa in Caria
2750:Kleros Politike
2680:Isinda in Ionia
1871:
1866:
1836:
1827:
1809:
1786:
1758:
1740:
1722:
1704:
1686:
1658:
1645:
1627:
1609:
1597:
1574:
1556:
1538:
1485:
1479:
1442:
1425:
1406:
1404:Further reading
1401:
1400:
1387:
1383:
1374:
1370:
1362:
1358:
1321:
1317:
1272:
1261:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1141:, vol. 12, 1975
1136:
1132:
1128:, vol. 10, 1970
1123:
1119:
1110:
1106:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1080:
1071:
1067:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1032:
1028:
1015:
1011:
948:
944:
930:
926:
920:
916:
903:
902:
898:
892:
888:
878:
876:
867:
866:
862:
852:
845:
836:
832:
812:
808:
795:
791:
786:
781:
780:
741:
737:
732:
710:
682:
617:
592:Louis Delaporte
580:
512:
465:
463:Late Bronze Age
413:
402:
386:
325:
315:under the name
311:It was named a
174:
117:
115:
111:
108:
103:
100:
98:
96:
95:
67:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
59:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8366:
8356:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8289:
8277:
8262:
8259:
8258:
8256:
8255:
8249:
8247:
8243:
8242:
8240:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8227:Hevsel Gardens
8219:
8217:
8211:
8210:
8208:
8207:
8197:
8195:
8189:
8188:
8186:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8169:Historic Areas
8166:
8156:
8154:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8144:
8139:
8133:
8131:
8125:
8124:
8122:
8121:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8096:
8094:
8088:
8087:
8085:
8084:
8079:
8073:
8071:
8065:
8064:
8062:
8061:
8056:
8047:
8042:
8036:
8034:
8028:
8027:
8020:
8019:
8012:
8005:
7997:
7988:
7987:
7985:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7847:Carcathiocerta
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7823:
7821:
7813:
7812:
7810:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7482:Pseudokorasion
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6447:
6445:
6439:
6438:
6436:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6123:Pitheci Portus
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6098:Phidalia Petra
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6053:Pegae in Mysia
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5658:Hadrianotherae
5655:
5650:
5645:
5643:Germanicopolis
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5203:Artaiouteichos
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5040:Theodosiopolis
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4927:Thouththourbia
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Anastasiopolis
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4177:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2760:Koddinou Petra
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
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2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
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2627:
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2587:
2582:
2577:
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2567:
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2557:
2552:
2547:
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2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
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2512:
2507:
2502:
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2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
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2417:
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2407:
2402:
2397:
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2387:
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2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
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1505:
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1494:
1487:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1440:External links
1438:
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1432:
1429:
1423:
1410:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1381:
1368:
1356:
1335:(1): 119–131.
1315:
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1246:
1233:978-9004496934
1232:
1209:
1192:DeviantArt.com
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1143:
1130:
1117:
1115:, vol. 7, 1964
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939:(at unitus.it)
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875:. 26 July 2021
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564:Igor Diakonoff
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508:
488:Ĺ uppiluliuma I
464:
461:
412:
409:
401:
398:
385:
382:
324:
321:
292:rising in the
241:
240:
237:
236:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
196:
192:
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188:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
170:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
151:
150:Archaeologists
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
62:
53:
52:
46:
45:
44:
43:
40:
39:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8365:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8288:
8287:
8278:
8276:
8275:
8264:
8263:
8260:
8254:
8251:
8250:
8248:
8244:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8224:
8221:
8220:
8218:
8216:
8212:
8206:
8202:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8194:
8193:Mediterranean
8190:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8161:
8158:
8157:
8155:
8153:
8149:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8130:
8129:East Anatolia
8126:
8120:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8097:
8095:
8093:
8089:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8074:
8072:
8070:
8066:
8060:
8057:
8055:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8033:
8029:
8025:
8018:
8013:
8011:
8006:
8004:
7999:
7998:
7995:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7820:
7814:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7677:Tell Judaidah
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7191:Mamure Castle
7189:
7187:
7186:Mampsoukrenai
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6976:Isaura Palaea
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6448:
6446:
6444:
6443:Mediterranean
6440:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6218:Pyrrhias Cyon
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5343:Caenophrurium
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5258:Basilinopolis
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5243:Baradendromia
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5143:Apamea Myrlea
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5123:Alopeconnesus
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4481:Faustinopolis
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
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4399:
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4389:
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4181:Abouadeineita
4179:
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4170:
4164:
4161:
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4009:
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3989:
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3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:Garzoubanthon
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
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3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3645:Zingotos Kome
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3575:Tlos in Caria
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
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3551:
3548:
3546:
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3518:
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3508:
3506:
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3501:
3498:
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3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
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3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
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3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:Side in Caria
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:Meiros Megale
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:Maeandropolis
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:Kaymakçı Tepe
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
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2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Hierocaesarea
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2545:Halicarnassus
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
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2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
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2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2395:Dionysiopolis
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
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2346:
2343:
2341:
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2333:
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2328:
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2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
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2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
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2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:Achaion Limen
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
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1743:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1424:0-8108-4936-4
1420:
1416:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1378:
1372:
1365:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1250:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1140:
1134:
1127:
1121:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1095:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1043:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1005:
1001:
996:
991:
987:
983:
978:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
946:
940:
936:
935:
928:
918:
910:
906:
900:
890:
874:
870:
864:
858:, pp. 185-186
857:
856:
850:
848:
840:
834:
827:
823:
821:
815:
810:
803:
799:
793:
789:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
735:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
711:
705:
703:
699:
694:
691:
686:
677:
673:
669:
667:
662:
658:
656:
651:
648:
646:
642:
638:
630:
629:Israel Museum
626:
621:
612:
610:
605:
604:Hittitologist
599:
597:
593:
584:
575:
573:
569:
565:
562:According to
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
535:
532:, where king
531:
526:
524:
520:
517:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
460:
458:
453:
450:
448:
441:
439:
435:
430:
428:
423:
420:
418:
408:
406:
397:
393:
391:
378:
374:
369:
361:
353:
345:
337:
329:
320:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
247:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
203:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
179:Official name
177:
173:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
131:
127:
122:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
50:
41:
34:
19:
8284:
8265:
8237:Mount Nemrut
8232:Göbekli Tepe
8141:
7882:Göbekli Tepe
7817:Southeastern
7682:Tell Tayinat
7377:Panemotichus
7006:Juliosebaste
6746:Claudiopolis
6741:Cibyra Mikra
6521:Ano Kotradis
6368:Tesderamoska
6248:Rouphinianai
6078:Pericharaxis
5943:Nausimachion
5758:Katapaspanas
5568:Didymateiche
5268:Bathys Limen
5238:Aureliopolis
5029:
4932:Tiberiopolis
4837:Sadagolthina
4516:Hieropotamon
4436:Dometiopolis
4371:Comitanassus
4311:Binbirkilise
4306:Bathys Rhyax
4221:Antoniopolis
4186:AliĹźar HĂĽyĂĽk
4048:Pompeiopolis
3743:Callistratia
3663:Abonoteichos
3590:Trapezopolis
3585:Traianopolis
2585:Hermocapelia
2125:Augustopolis
2065:Arcadiopolis
1692:Unqi-Pattina
1551:
1482:Syro-Hittite
1414:
1393:
1384:
1371:
1359:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1283:
1279:
1249:
1237:. Retrieved
1222:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1196:the original
1191:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1107:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1056:
1051:
1042:
1029:
1021:
1012:
959:
955:
945:
933:
927:
917:
908:
899:
889:
877:. Retrieved
872:
863:
854:
838:
833:
825:
817:
813:
809:
801:
792:
750:
746:
738:
695:
687:
683:
674:
670:
659:
654:
652:
649:
634:
600:
589:
568:John Greppin
561:
538:
527:
513:
485:
466:
454:
445:
442:
431:
424:
421:
415:By the late
414:
411:Early Bronze
405:DeÄźirmentepe
403:
400:Degirmentepe
394:
387:
316:
310:
285:
281:
280:
8348:Uruk period
8164:Cumalıkızık
8040:Aphrodisias
7912:Nevalı Çori
7737:Tragalassus
7567:Serraepolis
7492:Rhodiapolis
7412:Perminounda
7402:Pednelissus
7372:Palaeopolis
7262:Moron Hydor
7031:Karakabaklı
7016:Kalelibelen
6896:Flaviopolis
6846:Diocaesarea
6751:Colybrassus
6706:Carmylessus
6556:Antiphellus
6253:Salmydessus
6193:Proconnesus
5963:Neonteichos
5888:Miletopolis
5743:Kalos Agros
5718:Ilieon Kome
5428:Chrysopolis
5188:Argyropolis
5148:Aphrodisias
5093:Aegospotami
5005:Cafer Höyük
4962:Verinopolis
4842:Salamboreia
4797:Pillitokome
4541:Isauropolis
4426:Diocaesarea
4341:Carus Vicus
4276:Aspenzinsos
4256:Ariaramneia
4028:Philocaleia
3988:Naustathmus
3923:Hieron Oros
3698:Anticinolis
3678:Alaca Höyük
3490:Temenothyra
3290:Pordoselene
3150:Palaeopolis
3145:Palaemyndus
3080:Neonteichos
2955:Marathesium
2640:Hypokremnos
2370:Dareioukome
2245:Carmylessus
2175:Beycesultan
2020:Aphrodisias
1915:Adramyttium
1746:Bit Bahiani
1710:Bit Gabbari
873:Daily Sabah
761:: Melitea;
757:: Meliddu;
702:Basur Hoyuk
666:Uruk period
578:Archaeology
519:Neo-Hittite
440:mountains.
434:Kura–Araxes
417:Uruk period
228:Buffer zone
116: /
92:Coordinates
8302:Categories
8119:Cappadocia
8100:Çatalhöyük
8082:Safranbolu
8050:Hierapolis
7957:Sultantepe
7852:Carchemish
7757:Tyberissus
7717:Titiopolis
7662:Tardequeia
7577:Sibidounda
7517:Sagalassos
7447:Pisarissos
7267:Moumoustra
7252:Mopsuestia
7247:Mopsucrene
7237:Mezgitkale
7096:Kynosarion
6971:Isaura Nea
6966:Irenopolis
6931:Hierapolis
6801:Cretopolis
6776:Coracesium
6691:Callimache
6373:Tetrakomia
6318:Smintheion
6268:Scamandrus
6263:Scamandria
6198:Proochthoi
6173:Pratomysia
6163:Potamonion
6153:Polymedium
6143:Poleatikon
6138:Poemanenum
6113:Phosphorus
6088:Petrozetoi
6068:Pentephyle
6033:Pantichium
5988:Ophryneion
5938:Nausikleia
5918:Moukaporis
5878:Mantineion
5868:Lysimachia
5738:Kale Peuke
5688:Heracleium
5613:Ergasteria
5603:Elekosmioi
5418:Choiragria
5323:Burtudizon
5303:Blachernae
5183:Argyronion
5083:Ad Statuas
5078:Achilleion
5015:Citharizum
5000:Arsamosata
4827:Purushanda
4697:Moutalaske
4591:Kodylessos
4546:Juliopolis
4536:Irenopolis
4456:Ergobrotis
4391:Coropassus
4346:Çatalhöyük
4261:Ariarathia
4143:Yazılıkaya
4113:Themiscyra
4068:Salatiwara
4043:Polemonium
3968:Libiopolis
3943:Ischopolis
3918:Hermonassa
3913:Heracleium
3520:Teuthrania
3480:Teichiussa
3410:Stectorium
3385:Skolopoeis
3300:Prymnessus
3175:Parthenium
2975:Melampagos
2915:Lysimachia
2880:Leucophrys
2740:Klazomenai
2700:Kalabantia
2665:Ioniapolis
2595:Hieropolis
2590:Hierapolis
2375:Dideiphyta
2295:Chrysaoris
2225:Callipolis
1736:Til Barsip
1641:Carchemish
1633:Carchemish
1255:Paléorient
1239:15 January
784:References
676:together.
655:phase VI A
635:The first
549:Cimmerians
534:Kuzi-Tešub
504:Washukanni
379:in Ankara.
373:bas relief
286:Arslantepe
195:Designated
137:Site notes
132:Settlement
104:38°21′40″E
101:38°22′55″N
18:Arslantepe
8069:Black Sea
8054:Pamukkale
7927:Sakçagözü
7897:Khashshum
7792:Yumuktepe
7742:Trebendae
7722:Tityassus
7702:Termessos
7687:Telmessos
7672:Teimiussa
7632:Sozopolis
7527:Saraganda
7522:Sandalium
7497:Rhoscopus
7487:Ptolemais
7477:Prostanna
7437:Phoenicus
7382:Panhormus
7367:Padyandus
7317:Octapolis
7287:Myriandus
7227:Melanippe
7166:Magastara
7071:Kitanaura
7046:Kastellon
7026:Kanytelis
7011:Kalanthia
6951:Idebessos
6936:Hippucome
6906:Gözlükule
6871:Epiphania
6851:Domuztepe
6731:Charadrus
6716:Castabala
6596:Arnabanda
6576:Arabissus
6526:Antigonia
6516:Anemurium
6496:Anazarbus
6456:Acarassus
6451:Acalissus
6343:Tarpodizo
6328:Strobilos
6288:Selymbria
6243:Rhoiteion
6168:Praenetus
6148:Polychron
6093:Pharmakia
6083:Perinthus
6038:Parabolos
6003:Ostreodes
5983:Ontoraita
5973:Nicomedia
5948:Neandreia
5923:Myrileion
5908:Morzapena
5898:Mochadion
5883:Marpessos
5818:Lasthenes
5808:Lampsacus
5803:Lamponeia
5793:Kyparodes
5733:Kalasyrta
5673:Harpagion
5668:Hamaxitus
5653:Hadriania
5573:Diolkides
5528:Dascylium
5398:Charmidea
5388:Chalcedon
5373:Cenchreae
5333:Byzantium
5298:Bithynium
5233:Aureliane
5088:Adrasteia
4990:Altıntepe
4937:Trocmades
4912:Takourtha
4887:Sidamaria
4812:Pontanena
4762:Pedachtoë
4757:Parnassus
4717:Nazianzus
4647:Malandasa
4627:Laroumada
4617:Lamatorma
4446:Ecdaumava
4441:Dorylaeum
4411:Dadastana
4386:Corniaspa
4376:Congustus
4356:Ciscissus
4331:Camuliana
4251:Ardistama
4226:Anzoulada
4206:Andabalis
4196:Anadynata
4123:Timolaeum
4078:Sandaraca
4018:Pharnacia
3998:Nicopolis
3673:Aiginetes
3655:Black Sea
3615:Tyanollos
3565:Thyssanus
3560:Thymbrara
3530:Theangela
3525:Thasthara
3485:Telandrus
3470:Tateikome
3425:Strobilos
3285:Polybotus
3210:Perperene
3095:Nymphaeum
3065:Naulochus
3060:Naulochon
3030:Myloukome
2980:Meloukome
2885:Limantepe
2800:Labraunda
2630:Hyllarima
2550:Halisarna
2530:Gerriadai
2420:Doroukome
2355:Cyllandus
2285:Chalcetor
2195:Boukolion
2055:Aragokome
2035:Apollonis
2005:Antandrus
1920:Agatheira
1890:Abrostola
1800:Hatarikka
1764:Bit Agusi
1728:Bit Adini
1351:0075-8914
1310:256133352
1302:2749-6430
986:0027-8424
553:Scythians
545:Sargon II
521:state of
492:Tushratta
290:Euphrates
158:Condition
8286:Category
8173:Istanbul
8059:Pergamon
7937:Samosata
7819:Anatolia
7787:Yanıkhan
7777:Typallia
7767:Tymandus
7747:Trebenna
7732:Toriaeum
7657:Tapureli
7562:Seroiata
7512:Sabandus
7507:Rygmanoi
7462:Platanus
7452:Pisurgia
7417:Phaselis
7352:Orokenda
7307:Nephelis
7217:Mastaura
7206:Marciana
7116:Lebessus
7086:Korasion
7076:Kodroula
7061:Kiphisos
7036:Karatepe
6866:Emirzeli
6861:Elbessos
6791:Corydala
6721:Ceretapa
6701:Carallia
6686:Cadyanda
6676:Cabassus
6666:Bindaios
6626:Aspendos
6621:Arycanda
6616:Artanada
6586:Ariassus
6511:Andriaca
6501:Anchiale
6428:Utsurgae
6418:Tzurulum
6413:Tyrodiza
6407:Hisarlik
6383:Tragasai
6353:Tattaios
6338:Syllanta
6313:Sirkanos
6293:Semystra
6258:Sangarus
6223:Pytheion
6213:Psyllium
6133:Ploketta
6048:Paulines
5993:Orestias
5913:Mossynea
5893:Mocasura
5858:Lupadium
5788:Koubaita
5783:Kosilaos
5708:Iasonion
5693:Hermaion
5678:Hebdomon
5628:Gentinos
5618:Eribolum
5523:Dardanus
5503:Dacibyza
5498:Dadokome
5478:Crithote
5468:Crenides
5463:Cremaste
5448:Cocylium
5383:Chalcaea
5338:Byzapena
5313:Boradion
5288:Bisanthe
5263:Bathonea
5138:Anaplous
5073:Achaiion
5010:Camachus
4952:Tyriaeum
4872:Senzousa
4847:Salarama
4782:Pessinus
4752:Papirion
4747:Orcistus
4712:Nakoleia
4702:Musbanda
4687:Mokissos
4672:Midaeium
4632:Lauzadus
4608:(Kanesh)
4581:Kindyria
4576:Kilistra
4571:Kerkenes
4556:Kanotala
4451:Ecobriga
4416:Dasmenda
4406:Cyzistra
4401:Cybistra
4321:Borissos
4296:Balgatia
4291:Balbissa
4271:Artiknos
4246:Archalla
4133:Tripolis
4103:Stephane
4093:Saurania
4083:Sapinuwa
4038:Pimolisa
4023:Phazemon
3893:Gozalena
3863:Euchaita
3858:Erythini
3828:Cyptasia
3813:Crenides
3768:Chadisia
3748:Carambis
3688:Amastris
3668:Aegialus
3640:Zemmeana
3610:Troketta
3600:Triopium
3555:Thyatira
3430:Syangela
3370:Silandus
3330:Saouenda
3205:Pergamon
3185:Passanda
3155:Panasion
3130:Orthoisa
3110:Oenoanda
3075:Neapolis
2960:Mastaura
2855:Lasnedda
2810:Lalandos
2790:Kymnissa
2745:Kleimaka
2730:Kilaraza
2715:Kaualena
2710:Kasossos
2645:Hyrcanis
2625:Hygassos
2620:Hydissus
2605:Homadena
2540:Gryneium
2525:Gergitha
2515:Gambrium
2505:Euthenae
2495:Eumeneia
2485:Eukarpia
2470:Erythras
2465:Erythrae
2415:Docimium
2410:Dioskome
2350:Cybeleia
2345:Coryphas
2335:Colossae
2330:Colophon
2320:Clannuda
2315:Cisthene
2305:Cidramus
2300:Chytrium
2275:Celaenae
2265:Casystes
2260:Castabus
2255:Caryanda
2215:Bybassus
2200:Boutheia
2185:Blaundus
2165:Bargylia
2105:Atarneus
2085:Astragon
2080:Aspaneus
2060:Araukome
2050:Appolena
1980:Amynanda
1955:Allianoi
1940:Alabanda
1910:Acrassus
1900:Acharaca
1885:Abbassus
1674:Palistin
1664:Aramaean
1588:Karatepe
1534:Ištuanda
1220:(2021).
1004:26015583
824:Vol. 6:
775:Μελιτηνή
767:Melitene
759:Urartian
755:Akkadian
747:Malidiya
708:See also
572:Armenian
557:Anatolia
555:invaded
530:Karkemiš
510:Iron Age
477:Hurrians
438:Caucasus
371:Hittite
259:libation
187:Criteria
161:In ruins
72:Location
8323:Kammanu
8201:Xanthos
8152:Marmara
8110:Gordion
8077:Hattusa
8045:Ephesus
7967:Tushhan
7942:Sareisa
7922:Nisibis
7907:Matiate
7902:Kussara
7872:Doliche
7862:Dabanas
7782:Xanthos
7697:Tenedos
7617:Siricae
7602:Sillyon
7592:Siderus
7557:Selinus
7467:Podalia
7457:Placoma
7432:Philaea
7422:Phellus
7392:Parlais
7387:Pargais
7357:Otanada
7347:Onobara
7337:Olympus
7292:Nagidos
7232:Meriana
7213:(Mnara)
7211:Marmara
7201:Mandane
7171:Magydus
7161:Magarsa
7156:Lysinia
7121:Legeita
7101:Laertes
7081:Kolbasa
7066:Kirkota
7041:Karkabo
7021:Kandyba
7001:Istlada
6926:Hamaxia
6911:Hacilar
6836:Damasei
6821:Daedala
6816:Cyrrhus
6811:Cyaneae
6726:Cestrus
6696:Calynda
6681:Cadrema
6656:Balbura
6646:Aunesis
6636:Augusta
6611:Arsinoe
6561:Aperlae
6481:Alalakh
6466:Adrasus
6388:Thynias
6308:Sigeion
6278:Scylace
6273:Scepsis
6238:Rhesion
6233:Rhegion
6208:Psarela
6188:Prindea
6183:Priapus
6158:Potamoi
6073:Percote
6023:Palodes
5933:Nassete
5873:Madytus
5838:Libyssa
5823:Leptoia
5778:Kolonai
5768:Kizoura
5728:Kalamos
5703:Hierion
5623:Gargara
5608:Embolos
5588:Eirakla
5553:Delphin
5518:Daphnus
5508:Damalis
5493:Cyzicus
5488:Cypsela
5483:Cypasis
5458:Colonae
5368:Cebrene
5358:Canopus
5328:Bythias
5293:Bitenas
5283:Birytis
5278:Bergule
5273:Beodizo
5228:Athyras
5218:Astacus
5208:Artanes
5178:Argyria
5168:Arbeila
5063:Abarnis
5055:Marmara
5035:Sugunia
4922:Thebasa
4902:Soandos
4892:Skandos
4877:Sereana
4857:Savatra
4742:Olosada
4692:Mourisa
4612:Lageina
4606:KĂĽltepe
4566:Keissia
4561:Karbala
4531:Ilistra
4496:Gordium
4491:Gorbeus
4461:Euaissa
4396:Cotenna
4366:Claneus
4351:Cimiata
4336:Candara
4316:Blucium
4241:Arasaxa
4216:Anniaca
4191:Amblada
4163:Ziporea
4153:Zaliche
4148:Zagorus
4138:Virasia
4118:Thymena
4108:Syderos
3978:Metroon
3973:Lillium
3958:Kimista
3903:Hattusa
3888:Gaziura
3873:Gadilon
3853:Endeira
3843:Diacopa
3833:Cytorus
3803:Cordyle
3798:Coralla
3788:Colussa
3773:Cinolis
3763:Cerasus
3758:Carussa
3753:Carissa
3718:Berissa
3713:Athenae
3703:Argyria
3635:Uranium
3595:Trarium
3550:Thyaira
3515:Termera
3505:Tendeba
3500:Tempsis
3450:Synnada
3375:Sillyos
3365:Sidussa
3305:Pteleum
3270:Plarasa
3265:Pladasa
3250:Pisilis
3235:Phyteia
3230:Physcus
3220:Phocaea
3180:Passala
3170:Parsada
3135:Ortygia
3125:Oroanna
3025:Motella
3020:Mostene
3015:Mossyna
3010:Mokolda
3005:Mobolla
2995:Miletus
2940:Maiboza
2920:Madnasa
2890:Lobolda
2865:Lebedus
2850:Larymna
2820:Lankena
2815:Lamyana
2785:Kyllene
2770:Korakoe
2735:Kildara
2635:Hypaepa
2555:Harpasa
2500:Euromus
2490:Euhippe
2475:Etsyena
2455:Ephesus
2445:Embatum
2430:Eiokome
2390:Dioclea
2280:Ceramus
2270:Cedreae
2190:Bonitai
2180:Birgena
2155:Bargasa
2145:Aurokra
2100:Astyria
1995:Anineta
1970:Amorium
1965:Amnista
1935:Aizanoi
1905:Acmonia
1777:Nampigi
1700:Kinalua
1682:Kinalua
1603:Hilakku
1544:Kammanu
1529:Šinuḫtu
1524:Ḫubišna
1280:Metalla
1202:27 July
995:4522825
964:Bibcode
879:27 July
751:Midduwa
743:Hittite
523:Kammanu
496:Mitanni
481:Mitanni
473:Hittite
323:History
302:Malatya
202:session
37:{{{1}}}
8205:Letoon
8032:Aegean
7982:Zeugma
7932:Sam'al
7892:Harran
7877:Edessa
7857:Çayönü
7772:Tynada
7762:Tyinda
7667:Tarsus
7652:Takina
7647:Syedra
7627:Solyma
7607:Simena
7597:Sidyma
7582:Sibyla
7532:Sebeda
7502:Rhosus
7397:Patara
7362:Ouerbe
7342:Ă–kĂĽzlĂĽ
7327:Olbasa
7297:Nauloi
7277:Mylios
7242:Moatra
7196:Manava
7176:Mallus
7136:Limyra
7056:Kibyra
7051:Keraia
6961:Iotape
6956:Idyros
6881:Etenna
6876:Erymna
6796:Cremna
6771:Conana
6756:Comama
6606:Arsada
6601:Arneae
6506:Andeda
6486:Amelas
6433:Zeleia
6423:Urisio
6393:Traron
6378:Tipaso
6363:Terbos
6303:Sestos
6283:Scylla
6228:Rhebas
6128:Placia
6118:Pionia
6108:Philia
6103:Phiela
6043:Parium
6028:Panion
6018:Paesus
6008:Pactya
5968:Nerola
5748:Kampos
5698:Hieria
5663:Halone
5633:Gergis
5598:Elaeus
5578:Drabus
5548:Delkos
5473:Cressa
5443:Cobrys
5438:Clitae
5423:Chryse
5393:Charax
5363:Cardia
5348:Callum
5318:Brunca
5198:Artace
5193:Arisba
5173:Argiza
5163:Apsoda
5133:Amycus
5068:Abydos
5045:Tushpa
5020:Dadima
4972:Zizima
4957:Vasada
4917:Tavium
4897:Soanda
4882:Sibora
4867:Sedasa
4852:Sasima
4832:Pyrgoi
4822:Pteria
4817:Posala
4807:Pithoi
4802:Pissia
4792:Phlara
4787:Pharax
4767:Pedaia
4737:Ochras
4722:Nitazi
4707:Myrika
4682:Mnizus
4677:Mistea
4642:Lystra
4637:Limnae
4596:Korama
4586:Kobara
4521:Homana
4511:Herpha
4476:Eulepa
4326:Campae
4301:Barate
4286:Atenia
4266:Armaxa
4236:Aralla
4088:Satala
4073:Samuha
4053:Potami
4013:Patara
4008:Oxinas
3983:Mokata
3953:Kelesa
3933:Hyssus
3878:Garius
3868:Eusene
3848:Elaeus
3823:Cromna
3818:Cromen
3808:Cratia
3778:Cizari
3733:Cabira
3723:Bonita
3708:Armene
3683:Amasia
3625:Tymnos
3620:Tymion
3580:Tomara
3540:Thebes
3495:Temnos
3465:Tabala
3445:Syneta
3440:Synaus
3435:Symbra
3405:Stadia
3390:Smyrna
3335:Sardis
3325:Pyrrha
3320:Pyrnus
3315:Pygela
3310:Pydnae
3295:Priene
3260:Pitane
3245:Pinara
3240:Pidasa
3200:Pepuza
3195:Peltae
3190:Pedasa
3120:Olymos
3115:Olaeis
3090:Notion
3085:Nisyra
3040:Myrina
3035:Myndus
3000:Mylasa
2965:Meiros
2950:Malene
2895:Loryma
2875:Leucae
2870:Leimon
2860:Latmus
2805:Lagina
2780:Kouara
2775:Koresa
2765:Koraia
2755:Knidos
2720:Kaunos
2705:Kasara
2690:Kadyie
2685:Iskome
2670:Ioudda
2535:Glauke
2510:Euxine
2460:Erines
2450:Emoddi
2425:Eibeos
2380:Didyma
2365:Daldis
2340:Conium
2325:Claros
2310:Cindye
2290:Choria
2250:Carura
2240:Carene
2210:Bruzus
2205:Briula
2170:Beudos
2150:Bageis
2120:Attuda
2070:Arilla
2000:Annaea
1985:Amyzon
1960:Almura
1950:Alinda
1877:Aegean
1823:Hamath
1815:Hamath
1805:Shuksi
1792:Luhuti
1754:Guzana
1718:Sam'al
1666:states
1623:Marqas
1615:Gurgum
1608:
1570:Samsat
1562:Kummuh
1514:Tuwana
1493:states
1491:Luwian
1421:
1349:
1329:Levant
1308:
1300:
1230:
1002:
992:
984:
637:swords
516:Luwian
306:Turkey
275:Ankara
200:(44th
82:Region
76:Turkey
8160:Bursa
7977:Urshu
7972:Urima
7962:Tille
7952:Sitai
7827:Amida
7752:Trysa
7612:Sinda
7552:Selge
7472:Pogla
7407:Perga
7332:Olbia
7272:Mylae
7257:Morka
7222:Meloë
7151:Lyrbe
7146:Lycae
7141:Lissa
7111:Lamos
7106:Lagbe
7091:Korma
6996:Issus
6941:Holmi
6921:Halae
6901:Gagae
6766:Comba
6736:Choma
6711:Casae
6671:Bubon
6661:Baris
6641:Aulae
6631:Augai
6591:Arima
6581:Araxa
6476:Agrae
6471:Aegae
6461:Adada
6358:Tenba
6333:Sykai
6203:Prusa
6178:Prepa
6013:Paeon
5928:Narco
5903:Modra
5863:Lygos
5853:Linus
5833:Libum
5828:Liada
5798:Kypra
5773:Koila
5763:Kepos
5753:Kassa
5723:Kabia
5638:Germa
5558:Deris
5453:Colla
5353:Calpe
5308:Bolos
5248:Baris
5213:Assos
5158:Aprus
5128:Ammoi
5113:Ainos
5098:Agora
5030:Melid
4967:Zeita
4947:Tynna
4942:Tyana
4862:Sbida
4777:Perta
4772:Peium
4732:Nyssa
4662:Meloë
4601:Koron
4486:Germa
4431:Doara
4421:Derbe
4381:Corna
4361:Cinna
4281:Astra
4211:Anisa
4003:Ophis
3993:Nerik
3948:Karza
3938:Ibora
3738:Cales
3693:Ancon
3570:Tisna
3545:Thera
3460:Tabae
3455:Syrna
3400:Spore
3355:Setae
3255:Pisye
3140:Otrus
3070:Naxia
3055:Nasos
2910:Lyrna
2905:Lydae
2900:Lunda
2695:Kaira
2675:Ipsus
2660:Idyma
2650:Iasos
2615:Hydas
2610:Hydai
2560:Helos
2520:Gerga
2480:Euaza
2440:Eluza
2435:Elaea
2385:Digda
2235:Canae
2230:Caloe
2130:Aulae
2115:Attea
2075:Aroma
2045:Appia
1990:Anaua
1930:Airai
1925:Aegae
1782:Halab
1772:Arpad
1593:Adana
1552:Melid
1519:Atuna
1509:Tabal
1501:Tabal
1306:S2CID
798:Melid
771:Greek
763:Latin
730:Notes
500:Isuwa
469:Isuwa
282:Melid
263:Tiwaz
198:2021
31:Melid
8225:and
8183:Troy
8162:and
8117:and
7867:Dara
7727:Tlos
7642:Syca
7637:Sura
7622:Soli
7587:Side
7322:Olba
7312:Nisa
7282:Myra
6981:Isba
6946:Hyia
6841:Dias
6806:Crya
6403:Troy
6323:Soka
6063:Pege
5998:Orni
5563:Desa
5433:Cius
4907:Sora
4727:Nora
4526:Hyde
4128:Tium
4033:Pida
3728:Boon
3510:Teos
3475:Taza
3380:Sion
3105:Odon
3050:Nais
3045:Myus
2655:Iaza
2360:Cyme
2220:Cadi
1975:Amos
1945:Alia
1580:QuwĂŞ
1435:2019
1419:ISBN
1347:ISSN
1298:ISSN
1241:2024
1228:ISBN
1204:2021
1000:PMID
982:ISSN
922:1997
881:2021
566:and
551:and
449:tomb
447:cist
267:Arma
265:and
220:Area
214:1622
129:Type
8171:of
8137:Ani
7572:Sia
5978:Oka
5713:Ide
4995:Ani
3838:Dia
3630:Ula
3395:Soa
2795:Kys
1337:doi
1288:doi
990:PMC
972:doi
960:112
814:KBo
800:."
494:of
273:in
261:to
8304::
8203:/
8052:/
1345:.
1333:55
1331:.
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1296:.
1284:26
1282:.
1278:.
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304:,
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1339::
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