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Belgian nationality law

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1095: 28: 2968: 2996: 3008: 264:) of citizens and foreigners residing on Belgian territory. Belgian nationality is usually encoded in this register, along with the way in which the citizen derives their nationality. However, Belgian nationality is ultimately a question of law and fact, and therefore omission from the National Register does not necessarily mean that a person does not have Belgian nationality. 652: 123: 800:
benefit from a "declarative" right of residence, and can therefore count their legal residence as beginning from the day they first registered at their municipality, rather than the day on which they were first issued their identity card, which could be weeks or months later. For example, in the case
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for them to make the declaration of conservation between the ages of 18 and 28. Such a person (resident abroad) must describe the circumstances by which they lost their nationality and their reasons for wanting to recover nationality. The Crown Prosecutor has some latitude to approve or decline such
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Declaration is now the principal route through which foreigners can acquire Belgian nationality, and naturalisation has become extremely rare. Approximately 30,000 to 40,000 people acquire Belgian nationality per year. In 2020, 32,663 people acquired Belgian nationality. The most common countries of
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their record and request for it to be corrected if it is inaccurate. A Belgian citizen may obtain a certificate of nationality from the National Register website, or from the municipality or embassy where they are registered (which will obtain the certificate from the National Register system on the
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Historically, Belgium had provisions whereby a person at least 18 years old who voluntarily obtained another nationality would automatically lose their Belgian nationality. Before 9 June 2007, this applied in respect of voluntarily obtaining any other nationality. From 9 June 2007 to 28 April 2008,
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A child (under 18 years old) adopted by a Belgian citizen is attributed Belgian nationality on the same basis as the above conditions relating to birth to a Belgian citizen, with effect from the adoption date. These rules apply to adoptions since 1 January 1988; different rules apply for adoptions
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of Belgian nationality law. The result was the Belgian nationality code, which was legislated on 28 June 1984 and largely took effect on 1 January 1985. The code has since been modified several times, including in 1991, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2018. The
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A person at least 18 years old may apply for naturalisation if the person possesses exceptional merits in the fields of sport, culture, or science, which would contribute to the international influence of the country. No residence period is formally required. The person must also explain why they
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Belgian nationality can be acquired later in life (i.e. not at birth) through "declaration" or "naturalisation". The distinction is that declaration is a legal right, based on meeting the conditions, whereas naturalisation is a privilege that the government can decide whether or not to accord.
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In addition to the above provisions, a person who was born between 1 January 1967 and 31 December 1984, and who fulfils one of the conditions below relating to those born on or after 1 January 1985, is automatically attributed Belgian nationality taking effect on 1 January 1985.
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A person who renounced their Belgian nationality must describe the circumstances of the renunciation and their reasons for wanting to recover nationality. The Crown Prosecutor has some latitude to approve or decline such applications based on the description/reasons provided.
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Until 1967, nationality was subject to relatively stricter rules, which meant that children born to a Belgian mother were not accorded Belgian nationality. As a result, there are several notable cases of well-known people who did not receive Belgian nationality including
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Birth to a Belgian parent is the most common route for attribution of Belgian nationality. Due to the reform of the Belgian nationality code in 1984, the conditions attached depend principally on whether one was born before or after these reforms came into effect.
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In 2002, Belgium denounced the Strasbourg Convention, which opened up the path to allowing for multiple nationality following naturalisation. In 2008, the country removed its last remaining provisions that prevented the acquisition of multiple nationalities.
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Depending on the selected route, the person may be required to satisfy a language requirement and/or prove other types of social/economic integration. For a recovery declaration, the person does not need to satisfy any language or integration requirements.
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A person who lost their Belgian nationality following residence overseas (as per the criteria described above under "Loss of Belgian nationality") must normally return to Belgium and reside in Belgium for 12 months before making a recovery declaration.
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However, the above provisions were all removed from law effective 28 April 2008. A person who voluntarily obtains another nationality after this date will no longer lose their Belgian nationality, regardless of the nationality acquired.
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Historically, Belgian citizens in the above circumstances had to make further declarations of conservation every 10 years to avoid losing their Belgian nationality, but now the declaration must only be made once before the age of 28.
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has lived in Belgium since birth and has two foreign parents (or foreign adoptive parents) who were born abroad and resident in Belgium for 10 years and make an attribution declaration before the person's 12th birthday
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born abroad to a Belgian citizen born abroad and the parent did not submit an attribution declaration within five years of birth, but the child holds no other nationality before turning 18 years old (and so would be
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Following legal changes that took effect on 28 April 2008, Belgian citizens are allowed to voluntarily acquire and hold any other citizenships without losing their Belgian nationality. Belgian law therefore permits
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If the prosecutor issues a positive decision or does not issue a decision within the allocated time period of four months, the person becomes a Belgian citizen. The municipal registrar draws up a corresponding act
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Most declarations require payment of a fee of €150. However, for a recovery declaration, there is no fee (i.e. the procedure is free). Some municipalities levy additional taxes/fees, such as a €50 fee in Brussels.
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in Belgium indefinitely (even without ever making a recovery declaration, if the person does not wish to do so). This rarely-publicised and extremely rarely-exercised right is provided for under Article 10 of the
1298: 718:). The person must be at least 18 years old AND resident in Belgium for 12 months before making the declaration. The residence period is thus considerably shorter than the usual requirement of 5 or 10 years. 854:"Ik verklaar Belgisch staatsburger te willen worden en de Grondwet, de wetten van het Belgische volk en het Verdrag tot bescherming van de rechten van de mens en de fundamentele vrijheden te zullen naleven." 1014:(QNI), which ranks nationalities on a broader range of factors including economic strength, human development, ease of travel, political stability and overseas employment opportunities for their citizens. 1336: 955:
As far as the Belgian government is concerned, they only consider whether a person is or is not a Belgian citizen; they do not make distinctions based on which other nationalities a person may hold.
849:“Je déclare vouloir acquérir la nationalité belge et me soumettre à la Constitution, aux lois du peuple belge et à la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales.” / 1450: 702:. Being born with another citizenship never led to the loss of Belgian nationality. Therefore, it has always been possible to hold Belgian citizenship and other citizenship(s) by birth. 1431: 1279: 1201: 1525: 1412: 1355: 1389: 1114:. As of 13 April 2021, Belgian citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 187 countries and territories, ranking the Belgian passport 7th in the world according to the 1317: 812:
The person is also required, as at the time of the declaration, to hold the right to continue residing in Belgium indefinitely. This condition can be satisfied by producing an
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between the ages of 18 and 28. However, this provision does not apply retroactively; therefore the person had to have been under 28 years old on 12 July 2018 for it to apply.
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Belgian nationality was historically governed by a law dating from 14 December 1932. This law was modified by further laws passed in 1951, 1961, 1964, 1965 and 1967.
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A person seeking to make a declaration to acquire or recover Belgian nationality must satisfy various requirements and follow a standard procedure, as follows:
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During the prescribed residence period, the person cannot have been absent from Belgium for more than six consecutive months OR one fifth of the total period.
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their parent loses Belgian nationality, but not where the loss is through deprivation, the other parent remains a Belgian citizen or the child would be left
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However, since 2018, it is also possible to make a recovery declaration while resident abroad, but only if the person can satisfactorily explain why it was
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is adopted by a foreign parent and the foreign parent was born in Belgium and resident in Belgium for five of the 10 years before the adoption took effect.
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Effectively these clauses result in Belgian nationality being attributed to the children of long-resident immigrants and the grandchildren of immigrants.
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by Charles-Louis Closset and Bernadette Renauld, which was first published in 1993 and updated with a second edition in 2004 and a third edition in 2015.
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A Belgian citizen (except if they derive their Belgian nationality from a Belgian parent) can be deprived of their Belgian nationality if the person:
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If the prosecutor issues a negative decision, the person concerned is notified and given the opportunity to appeal the decision through the courts.
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A person who lost their Belgian nationality and satisfies the conditions for recovering it (except for the 12 month residence requirement) has the
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the child acquired Belgian nationality on the grounds of being stateless, but goes on to acquire another nationality before turning 18 years old.
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resident in Belgium for 10 years and satisfies a language requirement and proves integration in their community through any means possible.
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Prior to 1 January 2013, any person at least 18 years old could apply for naturalisation after being resident in Belgium for three years.
199:) that govern the execution of the code. In the event of inconsistency between the code and the royal decrees, the code takes precedence. 2733: 1521: 905:
in Belgium. The registrar is only responsible for collating the required documents and is not responsible for approving the declaration.
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of a holder of an E card, the person may count the period during which they held an "Annexe 19" indicating they had requested an E card.
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of type B, C, K, L, EU/EU+, F/F+ or M. Identity cards of type A or H are not valid as they provide only a temporary right of residence.
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in Belgium for the prescribed period on a legal and uninterrupted basis. This condition can be satisfied by having continuously held an
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is almost always required, except in a few limited scenarios where it would be impossible to obtain one. The birth certificate must be
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A Belgian citizen born abroad on or after 1 January 1967 will lose their Belgian nationality upon turning 28 years old if the person:
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resident in Belgium for five years and married to a Belgian citizen for three years and satisfies a social integration requirement OR;
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Since 12 July 2018, a person in the above circumstances will no longer lose their Belgian nationality if they apply for and obtain a
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A person at least 18 years old can obtain Belgian nationality through declaration if the person meets one of the following criteria:
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by a foreigner and the child acquires another nationality upon adoption, unless one of the adoptive parents is a Belgian citizen OR;
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through renunciation, deprivation, residence overseas (satisfying specific criteria) or in certain cases applying to children.
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A child can be attributed Belgian nationality at birth by being born to a Belgian citizen or born in Belgium, with conditions.
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A person who has lost their Belgian nationality (other than by deprivation) may recover it by making a recovery declaration (
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A child under 18 years old automatically acquires Belgian nationality if one of their parents acquires Belgian nationality.
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in elections. They are also required to hold a Belgian identity card and carry it on them at all times outside their home.
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this only applied in respect of voluntarily obtaining the nationality of a country that was still a signatory to the 1963
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provides for the conditions in which a person holds Belgian nationality and is based on a mixture of the principles of
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The declaration should be made according to the procedure outlined in the "Nationality declarations" section below.
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The declaration should be made according to the procedure outlined in the "Nationality declarations" section below.
3028: 1011: 441:(abolished in 1985) or through the "option" procedure between the ages of 18 and 22 years old (abolished in 2013). 390:
has a parent who was born in Belgium and resident in Belgium for five of the 10 years before the person's birth OR;
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A person who has lost their Belgian nationality in the above circumstances may request a letter from their
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was resident abroad from the ages of 18 to 28 (i.e. they did not reside in Belgium during this period) AND;
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resident in Belgium for five years and satisfies language, social and economic integration requirements OR;
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The declaration file is then transferred to the King's Prosecutor (also known as the Crown Prosecutor) (
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born abroad to a Belgian citizen born abroad and the parent submits an attribution declaration (
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A person born on or before 31 December 1984 is attributed Belgian nationality if the person is:
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did not work for the Belgian government or a Belgian company or other Belgian organisation AND;
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Citizens living abroad have the option, but not the obligation, to register with their local
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A person born in Belgium to foreign parents is attributed Belgian nationality if the person:
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A person born on or after 1 January 1985 is attributed Belgian nationality if the person is:
192: 67: 35: 2901: 2874: 2765: 2328: 949: 882: 874: 1465:"Loi sur l'accès au territoire, le séjour, l'établissement et l'éloignement des étrangers" 8: 2891: 2810: 2353: 1094: 1072: 762:
applications (from a person resident abroad) based on the description/reasons provided.
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Loi sur l'accès au territoire, le séjour, l'établissement et l'éloignement des étrangers
524:), but this only takes effect if they hold or are about to acquire another citizenship. 189:
Code de la nationalité belge (C.N.B.) / Wetboek van de Belgische nationaliteit (W.B.N.)
2790: 1045: 2932: 2884: 866: 786: 160: 832:“I declare my desire to acquire the Belgian nationality and to submit myself to the 2815: 977: 597: 551:
is in serious breach of his or her obligations as a Belgian citizen (such as being
126:, which aimed to reduce cases of multiple nationalities following naturalisation. 2896: 1606: 1025: 143: 139: 383:
loses their only other nationality before turning 18 years old (and so would be
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Belgian citizens are entitled to certain fundamental rights as set out in the
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The person is required to sign a statement, which includes the following text
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must be appended (unless the document is already in one of these languages).
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resident in Belgium for five years and is handicapped, invalid or retired OR;
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Nationality declarations must be submitted at the registrar in the person's
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The majority of nationality-related administration is conducted by Belgian
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elections and local elections in the European country where they reside.
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Information on Belgian nationality, Belgian Ministry for Foreign Affairs
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holds no other nationality before turning 18 years old (and so would be
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Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
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of type A, B, C, D, EU/EU+, F/F+, H or M, or a series of these cards.
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A person resident in Belgium does not need to demonstrate that it was
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Citizens living in Belgium are required to register with their local
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Approximately 50 to 100 people recover Belgian nationality per year.
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In the early 1980s, the Belgian government undertook a comprehensive
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their Belgian nationality by making a declaration of renunciation (
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Acquisition of nationality statistics, Statbel (statistics office)
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from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.
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In these circumstances, the registrar issues a deprivation order (
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It is no longer possible to acquire Belgian nationality through
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Information on Belgian nationality, Belgian Ministry of Justice
684: 664: 423: 337: 928:. The names of new citizens are periodically published in the 698:
Note that the acquisition of the other citizenship had to be
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acte de nationalité belge / akte van Belgische nationaliteit
1071:. Additionally, Belgian citizens have the right to vote in 1195:"List of numeric codes designating source of nationality" 646:
Voluntary acquisition of another citizenship (historical)
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A child under 18 years old loses Belgian nationality if:
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at their local embassy between the ages of 18 and 28 AND;
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born abroad to a Belgian citizen born in Belgium or the
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The primary legal text is the Belgian nationality code (
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As of 2018, Belgian nationality was ranked 11th in the
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déclaration de recouvrement / verklaring tot herkrijgen
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born in Belgium and resident in Belgium since birth OR;
292: 2984: 404: 275: 245:). Where a person is required to make a declaration ( 1484:"Tool to check if document legalisation is required" 1031: 748: 522:
déclaration de renonciation / verklaring van afstand
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déclaration attributive / verklaring tot toekenning
1137:"Commentary on reforms to Belgian nationality code" 1024:(HDI) score of 0.931, ranking the country 14th for 769:for them to make the declaration of conservation. 320: 958: 709: 481:Naturalisation applications are considered by the 478:cannot obtain Belgian nationality by declaration. 987:, through which they gain access to a variety of 914:faits personnels graves / gewichtige feiten eigen 3020: 587:dĂ©claration de conservation / behoudsverklaring) 202:All changes to Belgian law are published in the 1519: 1481: 1444: 1425: 1406: 1387: 1349: 1330: 1311: 1292: 1273: 1254: 807: 267:Anyone listed in the National Register has the 159:most recent modifications (legislated in 2018) 963: 739: 499: 1591: 873:in the country of origin (unless there is an 653:Strasbourg Convention on Multiple Nationality 618: 283: 124:Strasbourg Convention on Multiple Nationality 2738:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands 585:did not make a declaration of conservation ( 516:A Belgian citizen at least 18 years old may 483:Belgian Chamber Committee on Naturalisations 172:Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness 1078:When in a non-EU country where there is no 1055:to live and work in any country within the 772: 536:acquired their Belgian nationality through 1598: 1584: 1135:Revue du Notariat Belge (September 1984). 1082:, Belgian citizens have the right to seek 26: 1500: 1005: 991:. While registered as resident, they are 785:The person is required to have had their 308:born out of wedlock and first parentally 1390:"Obtaining citizenship through a parent" 1217: 1192: 1110:Belgian citizens enjoy a high degree of 1093: 910:Procureur du Roi / Procureur des Konings 561:acte de dĂ©chĂ©ance / vervallensverklaring 329:born in Belgium to a Belgian citizen OR; 1180:TraitĂ© de la nationalitĂ© en droit belge 1177: 219:TraitĂ© de la nationalitĂ© en droit belge 191:). The code is supplemented by various 55:An Act relating to Belgian citizenship 3021: 1106:Visa requirements for Belgian citizens 1099:Visa requirements for Belgian citizens 615:confirming their loss of nationality. 592:holds one or more other nationalities. 197:arrĂŞtĂ©s royaux / koninklijke besluiten 1579: 860: 570: 170:In 2014, Belgium acceded to the 1961 1605: 1352:"Acquisition of Belgian nationality" 1276:"Attribution of Belgian nationality" 934:Moniteur belge / Belgisch Staatsblad 208:Moniteur belge / Belgisch Staatsblad 1368: 942: 819: 780: 367: 293:Birth on or before 31 December 1984 13: 1522:"Possessing several nationalities" 1036:Because Belgium forms part of the 972:. Citizens are entitled to hold a 405:Acquisition of Belgian nationality 276:Attribution of Belgian nationality 177: 14: 3060: 1554: 1089: 1032:Citizenship of the European Union 749:Recovery after residence overseas 472: 262:Registre National / Rijksregister 224: 3006: 2994: 2967: 2966: 1688:Democratic Republic of the Congo 1546:from the original on 2021-05-18. 1528:from the original on 2015-03-07. 1509:from the original on 2017-02-27. 1490:from the original on 2015-09-15. 1471:from the original on 2020-05-17. 1453:from the original on 2016-08-25. 1434:from the original on 2019-09-04. 1415:from the original on 2015-09-09. 1396:from the original on 2015-03-11. 1377:from the original on 2018-01-15. 1358:from the original on 2015-03-07. 1339:from the original on 2015-03-12. 1320:from the original on 2011-04-23. 1301:from the original on 2015-03-12. 1282:from the original on 2015-03-07. 1263:from the original on 2015-03-07. 1244:from the original on 2021-05-14. 1226:from the original on 2014-11-03. 1207:from the original on 2017-10-26. 1167:from the original on 2021-05-13. 1149:from the original on 2021-07-18. 1051:Belgian citizens thus enjoy the 1017:In 2020, Belgium was accorded a 351:) within five years of birth OR; 321:Birth on or after 1 January 1985 2833:Birth aboard aircraft and ships 1532: 1513: 1494: 1475: 1457: 1447:"Regaining Belgian nationality" 1438: 1428:"Retaining Belgian nationality" 1419: 1400: 1381: 1362: 1343: 1324: 1305: 1220:"Link to "Mon Dossier" website" 1178:Closset, Charles-Louis (2015). 959:Benefits of Belgian nationality 926:Belgian citizens' identity card 710:Recovery of Belgian nationality 544:(such as having entered into a 511: 305:) to a male Belgian citizen OR; 3039:Belgium and the European Union 2670:Federated States of Micronesia 2034:St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1314:"Acknowledgement of parentage" 1286: 1267: 1248: 1230: 1211: 1186: 1171: 1161:"Code de la nationalitĂ© belge" 1153: 1128: 1042:citizens of the European Union 527: 444: 414:origin have historically been 182: 1: 1121: 2951:British Overseas Territories 1409:"Losing Belgian nationality" 1371:"Changements de nationalitĂ©" 1040:, Belgian citizens are also 1012:Quality of Nationality Index 1000:Belgian embassy or consulate 896: 808:Right to permanent residence 149: 122:In 1963, Belgium signed the 7: 2821:Renunciation of citizenship 1069:Article 21 of the EU Treaty 964:Rights and responsibilities 740:Recovery after renunciation 504:Belgian nationality can be 500:Loss of Belgian nationality 491: 239:Belgian diplomatic missions 114: 10: 3065: 1295:"Born to a Belgian parent" 1257:"Nationality certificates" 1103: 619:Cases applying to children 336:before 30 June 1960 or in 284:Birth to a Belgian citizen 217:on Belgian nationality is 109: 2946: 2920: 2862: 2803: 2756: 2657: 2547: 2374: 2367: 2136: 2061: 1918: 1911: 1620: 1613: 950:multiple/dual citizenship 81: 73: 63: 41: 34: 25: 20: 1668:Central African Republic 930:Belgian official journal 773:Nationality declarations 247:dĂ©claration / verklaring 204:Belgian official journal 21:Belgian nationality code 3029:Belgian nationality law 2766:Commonwealth of Nations 1022:Human Development Index 729:right to enter and live 546:marriage of convenience 213:The most comprehensive 92:Belgian nationality law 2580:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1101: 1053:right of free movement 1006:Quality of nationality 858: 344:before 1 July 1962 OR; 2963:Partially recognized. 1828:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂ­ncipe 1520:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1482:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1445:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1426:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1407:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1388:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1350:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1331:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1312:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1293:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1274:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1255:FPS Foreign Affairs. 1116:Henley Passport Index 1097: 974:Belgian identity card 830: 736:of 15 December 1980. 555:for 5 or more years). 68:Government of Belgium 36:Parliament of Belgium 2902:Second-class citizen 2875:Multiple citizenship 2344:United Arab Emirates 1978:(Kingdom of Denmark) 1542:. 21 December 2013. 1540:"Le Code consulaire" 1467:. 15 December 1980. 970:Belgian Constitution 875:international treaty 3034:Belgian legislation 2892:Permanent residency 2811:Loss of citizenship 2786:Caribbean Community 2039:Trinidad and Tobago 2024:St. Kitts and Nevis 1926:Antigua and Barbuda 1084:consular protection 1073:European Parliament 989:government services 826:written out by hand 553:sentenced to prison 312:by Belgian citizen. 272:citizen's behalf). 243:FPS Foreign Affairs 235:communes / gemeente 85:Current legislation 1966:Dominican Republic 1102: 1046:European Union law 883:national languages 861:Other requirements 571:Residence overseas 161:entered into force 2982: 2981: 2956:Open border with 2799: 2798: 2653: 2652: 2132: 2131: 2052:US Virgin Islands 1979: 1703:Equatorial Guinea 1333:"Born in Belgium" 1163:. 28 June 1984 . 879:sworn translation 877:in place), and a 867:birth certificate 542:false information 301:born in wedlock ( 258:National Register 89: 88: 3056: 3011: 3010: 3009: 2999: 2998: 2997: 2990: 2970: 2969: 2816:Denaturalization 2705:Papua New Guinea 2690:Marshall Islands 2372: 2371: 1977: 1916: 1915: 1618: 1617: 1607:Nationality laws 1600: 1593: 1586: 1577: 1576: 1548: 1547: 1536: 1530: 1529: 1517: 1511: 1510: 1498: 1492: 1491: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1461: 1455: 1454: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1423: 1417: 1416: 1404: 1398: 1397: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1366: 1360: 1359: 1347: 1341: 1340: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1309: 1303: 1302: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1271: 1265: 1264: 1252: 1246: 1245: 1240:. 16 July 1992. 1234: 1228: 1227: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1206: 1199: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1141: 1132: 1067:, as granted in 993:required to vote 978:Belgian passport 943:Dual citizenship 881:into one of the 820:Declaration text 781:Residence period 598:Belgian passport 368:Birth in Belgium 269:right to inspect 136:Catherine Arditi 30: 18: 17: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3049:Nationality law 3019: 3018: 3017: 3007: 3005: 2995: 2993: 2985: 2983: 2978: 2942: 2916: 2897:Right of return 2858: 2795: 2758: 2752: 2715:Solomon Islands 2649: 2615:Northern Cyprus 2610:North Macedonia 2543: 2378: 2363: 2128: 2057: 1907: 1609: 1604: 1557: 1552: 1551: 1538: 1537: 1533: 1518: 1514: 1501:Objectif ASBL. 1499: 1495: 1480: 1476: 1463: 1462: 1458: 1443: 1439: 1424: 1420: 1405: 1401: 1386: 1382: 1367: 1363: 1348: 1344: 1329: 1325: 1310: 1306: 1291: 1287: 1272: 1268: 1253: 1249: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1216: 1212: 1204: 1197: 1191: 1187: 1176: 1172: 1159: 1158: 1154: 1146: 1139: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1108: 1092: 1080:Belgian embassy 1034: 1026:quality of life 1008: 966: 961: 945: 899: 863: 838:laws of Belgium 822: 810: 783: 775: 751: 742: 712: 648: 621: 573: 565:Court of Appeal 530: 514: 502: 494: 475: 447: 407: 370: 364:prior to 1988. 323: 295: 286: 278: 227: 185: 180: 178:Legal framework 152: 144:Patrick Modiano 140:Jacques Higelin 117: 112: 64:Enacted by 59: 56: 51: 50: 12: 11: 5: 3062: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3044:Law of Belgium 3041: 3036: 3031: 3016: 3015: 3013:European Union 3003: 2980: 2979: 2977: 2976: 2964: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2924: 2922: 2918: 2917: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2888: 2887: 2877: 2872: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2851: 2850: 2849: 2842: 2835: 2828:Naturalization 2825: 2824: 2823: 2818: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2781:Nordic Council 2778: 2773: 2771:European Union 2768: 2762: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2750: 2745: 2734:American Samoa 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2659: 2655: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2645:United Kingdom 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2551: 2549: 2548:Rest of Europe 2545: 2544: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2414:Czech Republic 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2385: 2383: 2376:European Union 2369: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2140: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2055: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1922: 1920: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1893:Western Sahara 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1683:Congo Republic 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1624: 1622: 1615: 1611: 1610: 1603: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1556: 1555:External links 1553: 1550: 1549: 1531: 1512: 1493: 1474: 1456: 1437: 1418: 1399: 1380: 1361: 1342: 1323: 1304: 1285: 1266: 1247: 1229: 1218:FPS Interior. 1210: 1193:FPS Interior. 1185: 1170: 1152: 1126: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1112:travel freedom 1104:Main article: 1091: 1090:Travel freedom 1088: 1038:European Union 1033: 1030: 1007: 1004: 965: 962: 960: 957: 944: 941: 898: 895: 862: 859: 821: 818: 809: 806: 796:Additionally, 787:main residence 782: 779: 774: 771: 750: 747: 741: 738: 711: 708: 693:United Kingdom 647: 644: 643: 642: 639: 632: 620: 617: 594: 593: 590: 583: 580: 572: 569: 563:) through the 557: 556: 549: 529: 526: 513: 510: 501: 498: 493: 490: 474: 473:Naturalisation 471: 467: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 446: 443: 428:United Kingdom 406: 403: 399: 398: 395: 391: 388: 381: 369: 366: 361: 360: 352: 345: 330: 322: 319: 314: 313: 306: 294: 291: 285: 282: 277: 274: 231:municipalities 226: 225:Administration 223: 215:legal treatise 184: 181: 179: 176: 151: 148: 116: 113: 111: 108: 87: 86: 79: 78: 75: 71: 70: 65: 61: 60: 58: 57: 54: 44: 43: 42: 39: 38: 32: 31: 23: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3061: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3014: 3004: 3002: 2992: 2991: 2988: 2975: 2974: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2958:Schengen Area 2955: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2945: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2907:Statelessness 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2839:Ius sanguinis 2836: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2792: 2791:African Union 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2761: 2759:organizations 2757:International 2755: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2730:United States 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2474:Liechtenstein 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2381:Schengen Area 2377: 2373: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2135: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2060: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044:United States 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1914: 1910: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1743:Guinea-Bissau 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1601: 1596: 1594: 1589: 1587: 1582: 1581: 1578: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1545: 1541: 1535: 1527: 1523: 1516: 1508: 1504: 1497: 1489: 1485: 1478: 1470: 1466: 1460: 1452: 1448: 1441: 1433: 1429: 1422: 1414: 1410: 1403: 1395: 1391: 1384: 1376: 1372: 1365: 1357: 1353: 1346: 1338: 1334: 1327: 1319: 1315: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1289: 1281: 1277: 1270: 1262: 1258: 1251: 1243: 1239: 1233: 1225: 1221: 1214: 1203: 1196: 1189: 1181: 1174: 1166: 1162: 1156: 1145: 1138: 1131: 1127: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1107: 1100: 1096: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1076: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1003: 1001: 996: 994: 990: 986: 981: 979: 975: 971: 956: 953: 951: 940: 937: 935: 931: 927: 923: 917: 915: 911: 906: 904: 894: 890: 886: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 857: 855: 851: 850: 845: 843: 840:, and to the 839: 835: 829: 827: 817: 815: 814:identity card 805: 802: 799: 794: 792: 791:identity card 788: 778: 770: 768: 763: 760: 755: 746: 737: 735: 730: 725: 722: 719: 717: 707: 703: 701: 696: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 640: 637: 634:the child is 633: 630: 626: 625: 624: 616: 614: 613:local embassy 609: 605: 603: 602:identity card 599: 591: 588: 584: 581: 578: 577: 576: 568: 566: 562: 554: 550: 547: 543: 539: 535: 534: 533: 525: 523: 519: 509: 507: 497: 489: 486: 484: 479: 470: 464: 461: 458: 455: 452: 451: 450: 442: 440: 435: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 411: 402: 396: 392: 389: 386: 382: 379: 375: 374: 373: 365: 358: 353: 350: 346: 343: 339: 335: 334:Belgian Congo 331: 328: 327: 326: 318: 311: 307: 304: 300: 299: 298: 290: 281: 273: 270: 265: 263: 259: 255: 250: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 222: 220: 216: 211: 209: 205: 200: 198: 194: 193:royal decrees 190: 175: 173: 168: 164: 162: 157: 147: 145: 141: 137: 133: 132:Pierre Arditi 127: 125: 120: 107: 105: 104: 99: 98: 97:jus sanguinis 93: 84: 80: 76: 72: 69: 66: 62: 53: 52: 49: 48: 40: 37: 33: 29: 24: 19: 16: 2972: 2938:Soviet Union 2933:Ancient Rome 2928:Nazi Germany 2854:Repatriation 2844: 2837: 2804:By procedure 2393: 2339:Turkmenistan 2294:Saudi Arabia 1858:South Africa 1843:Sierra Leone 1648:Burkina Faso 1614:By continent 1534: 1515: 1496: 1477: 1459: 1440: 1421: 1402: 1383: 1364: 1345: 1326: 1307: 1288: 1269: 1250: 1232: 1213: 1188: 1179: 1173: 1155: 1130: 1109: 1077: 1050: 1035: 1016: 1009: 997: 985:municipality 982: 967: 954: 946: 938: 933: 921: 918: 913: 909: 907: 903:municipality 900: 891: 887: 864: 853: 852: 848: 846: 834:Constitution 831: 823: 811: 803: 795: 784: 776: 766: 764: 758: 756: 752: 743: 733: 726: 723: 720: 715: 713: 704: 699: 697: 649: 622: 610: 606: 595: 586: 574: 560: 558: 531: 521: 515: 512:Renunciation 503: 495: 487: 480: 476: 468: 448: 436: 412: 408: 400: 371: 362: 348: 324: 315: 310:acknowledged 303:legitimately 296: 287: 279: 266: 261: 256:maintains a 254:FPS Interior 251: 246: 234: 228: 218: 212: 207: 201: 196: 188: 186: 169: 165: 153: 128: 121: 118: 101: 95: 91: 90: 82: 77:28 June 1984 45: 15: 2912:Travel visa 2870:Citizenship 2695:New Zealand 2539:Switzerland 2494:Netherlands 2304:South Korea 2284:Philippines 2264:North Korea 2144:Afghanistan 2048:Puerto Rico 1971:El Salvador 1863:South Sudan 1748:Ivory Coast 1065:Switzerland 798:EU citizens 681:Netherlands 528:Deprivation 445:Declaration 183:Legislation 3023:Categories 2625:San Marino 2605:Montenegro 2570:Azerbaijan 2484:Luxembourg 2349:Uzbekistan 2319:Tajikistan 2224:Kyrgyzstan 2219:Kazakhstan 2179:East Timor 2154:Bangladesh 1976:Greenland 1951:Costa Rica 1853:Somaliland 1838:Seychelles 1803:Mozambique 1788:Mauritania 1773:Madagascar 1728:The Gambia 1663:Cape Verde 1182:. Larcier. 1122:References 767:impossible 759:impossible 677:Luxembourg 47:Long title 2863:By result 2665:Australia 2479:Lithuania 2309:Sri Lanka 2299:Singapore 2279:Palestine 2189:Indonesia 2124:Venezuela 2069:Argentina 2029:St. Lucia 2014:Nicaragua 1989:Guatemala 1793:Mauritius 1369:Statbel. 897:Procedure 871:legalised 700:voluntary 629:stateless 385:stateless 378:stateless 357:stateless 163:in 2019. 150:Post-1984 2973:Category 2885:Internal 2880:Passport 2846:Ius soli 2776:Mercosur 2685:Kiribati 2524:Slovenia 2519:Slovakia 2509:Portugal 2399:Bulgaria 2329:Thailand 2274:Pakistan 2249:Mongolia 2244:Malaysia 2169:Cambodia 2114:Suriname 2104:Paraguay 2089:Colombia 1999:Honduras 1961:Dominica 1936:Barbados 1912:Americas 1903:Zimbabwe 1873:Tanzania 1718:Ethiopia 1713:Eswatini 1693:Djibouti 1658:Cameroon 1643:Botswana 1544:Archived 1526:Archived 1507:Archived 1488:Archived 1469:Archived 1451:Archived 1432:Archived 1413:Archived 1394:Archived 1375:Archived 1356:Archived 1337:Archived 1318:Archived 1299:Archived 1280:Archived 1261:Archived 1242:Archived 1224:Archived 1202:Archived 1165:Archived 1144:Archived 518:renounce 492:Children 439:marriage 115:Pre-1984 103:jus soli 3001:Belgium 2987:Portals 2921:Defunct 2748:Vanuatu 2658:Oceania 2640:Ukraine 2595:Moldova 2585:Georgia 2575:Belarus 2565:Andorra 2560:Armenia 2555:Albania 2514:Romania 2459:Ireland 2454:Iceland 2449:Hungary 2439:Germany 2429:Finland 2424:Estonia 2419:Denmark 2404:Croatia 2394:Belgium 2389:Austria 2354:Vietnam 2254:Myanmar 2239:Lebanon 2149:Bahrain 2119:Uruguay 2094:Ecuador 2074:Bolivia 2004:Jamaica 1984:Grenada 1931:Bahamas 1883:Tunisia 1848:Somalia 1833:Senegal 1818:Nigeria 1808:Namibia 1798:Morocco 1763:Liberia 1758:Lesotho 1708:Eritrea 1678:Comoros 1653:Burundi 1628:Algeria 691:or the 669:Ireland 661:Denmark 657:Austria 636:adopted 420:Romania 416:Morocco 342:Burundi 110:History 83:Status: 74:Enacted 2725:Tuvalu 2635:Turkey 2630:Serbia 2620:Russia 2600:Monaco 2590:Kosovo 2534:Sweden 2504:Poland 2499:Norway 2469:Latvia 2444:Greece 2434:France 2409:Cyprus 2368:Europe 2334:Turkey 2324:Taiwan 2229:Kuwait 2214:Jordan 2204:Israel 2164:Brunei 2159:Bhutan 2099:Guyana 2079:Brazil 2019:Panama 2009:Mexico 1946:Canada 1941:Belize 1898:Zambia 1888:Uganda 1823:Rwanda 1778:Malawi 1738:Guinea 1633:Angola 1621:Africa 1044:under 976:and a 836:, the 685:Norway 679:, the 665:France 655:(i.e. 426:, the 424:Poland 338:Rwanda 237:) and 156:reform 2720:Tonga 2710:Samoa 2700:Palau 2680:Nauru 2529:Spain 2489:Malta 2464:Italy 2359:Yemen 2314:Syria 2289:Qatar 2259:Nepal 2209:Japan 2184:India 2174:China 2084:Chile 2062:South 1994:Haiti 1919:North 1868:Sudan 1813:Niger 1768:Libya 1753:Kenya 1733:Ghana 1723:Gabon 1698:Egypt 1638:Benin 1205:(PDF) 1198:(PDF) 1147:(PDF) 1140:(PDF) 689:Spain 673:Italy 548:) OR; 538:fraud 432:Italy 387:) OR; 380:) OR; 2742:Guam 2675:Fiji 2379:and 2269:Oman 2234:Laos 2199:Iraq 2194:Iran 2137:Asia 2109:Peru 1956:Cuba 1878:Togo 1783:Mali 1673:Chad 506:lost 430:and 252:The 142:and 100:and 1061:EEA 936:). 844:.” 695:). 631:OR; 600:or 540:or 394:OR; 340:or 210:). 3025:: 2740:, 2736:, 2050:, 1524:. 1505:. 1486:. 1449:. 1430:. 1411:. 1392:. 1373:. 1354:. 1335:. 1316:. 1297:. 1278:. 1259:. 1222:. 1200:. 1142:. 1118:. 1057:EU 1048:. 1028:. 1019:UN 980:. 865:A 828:: 687:, 683:, 675:, 671:, 667:, 663:, 659:, 567:. 485:. 434:. 422:, 418:, 359:). 174:. 146:. 138:, 134:, 106:. 2989:: 2960:. 2953:. 2744:) 2732:( 2054:) 2046:( 1599:e 1592:t 1585:v 1063:/ 1059:/ 932:( 920:( 856:) 847:( 260:( 233:( 206:( 195:(

Index


Parliament of Belgium
Long title
Government of Belgium
jus sanguinis
jus soli
Strasbourg Convention on Multiple Nationality
Pierre Arditi
Catherine Arditi
Jacques Higelin
Patrick Modiano
reform
entered into force
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
royal decrees
Belgian official journal
legal treatise
municipalities
Belgian diplomatic missions
FPS Foreign Affairs
FPS Interior
National Register
right to inspect
legitimately
acknowledged
Belgian Congo
Rwanda
Burundi
stateless
stateless

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