1275:âor receive a bill of complaint. They can direct investigations or conduct them through orders and directives given to (judicial) police detectives, who can make their own parallel investigations in coordination with the Prosecutor. If enough evidence has been gathered in order to proceed, the prosecution is compulsory and it must move from preliminary investigations to initiate trial proceedings. At trial, the prosecuting attorney has to handle the prosecution but has an overarching duty to promote justice. In practice, this duty means that prosecutors are prohibited from withholding exculpatory evidence and must request that the judge acquit the defendant if, during the trial, the prosecutor becomes convinced of the defendant's innocence, or agrees that there is no evidence that proves his guilt beyond any reasonable doubt.
1123:) who practice before the state courts of appeals. There are also military prosecutors whose career, although linked to the federal prosecutors, is divided in a manner similar to state prosecutors. In Brazil, the prosecutors' main job is to promote justice, as such they have the duty of not only trying criminal cases, but, if during the trial, they become convinced of a defendant's innocence, requesting the judge to acquit him. The prosecutor's office has always the last word on whether criminal offenses will or will not be charged, with the exception of those rare cases in which Brazilian law allows for private prosecution. In such cases, the prosecutor will officiate as
45:
1235:. The Staatsanwalt heads pre-trial criminal investigations, decides whether to press a charge or drop it, and represents the government in criminal courts. The Staatsanwalt not only has the "professional responsibility" not to withhold exculpatory information, but is also required by law to actively determine such circumstances and to make them available to the defendant or the defense attorney. If the Staatsanwalt is not convinced of the defendant's guilt, the state attorney is required to plead against or in favor of the defendant according to the prosecutor's own assessment. Prosecution is
1139:) or other procedure provided by law that has the purpose of ascertaining the circumstances, materiality, and authorship of criminal offenses. Similar provisions are found in the Code of Criminal Procedure and in article 144 of the federal constitution. Beside their criminal duties, Brazilian prosecutors are among those authorized by the Brazilian constitution to bring action against private individuals, commercial enterprises, and the federal, state and municipal governments, in the defense of minorities, the environment, consumers, and the civil society in general.
558:(1991) 2 All ER 201, it was found by the court that a prosecution is instituted by the police only when they have investigated, arrested and brought the arrested person to the custody officer. A case is not instituted by the police simply because a custody officer at a police station charges the suspect. Applying the same principle, proceedings are instituted by another prosecuting agency when they have been solely responsible for the investigation and arrest of the suspect, even though the suspect is taken to the police station to be charged by a custody officer.
554:, may all bring prosecutions themselves without using the CPS. Nevertheless, these prosecutors will follow the standards set by the Code of Crown Prosecutors alongside their own prosecution policies, which may deal with issues specific to the types of crime they engage with. There may, at times, be confusion as to which agency is responsible for having brought a prosecution. Which agency is prosecuting may affect whether an offence can be properly tried, as not all agencies can investigate and prosecute all offences. In
4574:
974:
As such, he is in a peculiar and very definite sense the servant of the law, the two-fold aim of which is that guilt shall not escape or innocence suffer. He may prosecute with earnestness and vigorâindeed, he should do so. But, while he may strike hard blows, he is not at liberty to strike foul ones. It is as much his duty to refrain from improper methods calculated to produce a wrongful conviction as it is to use every legitimate means to bring about a just one.
2499:
2104:
1730:
4588:
1531:
337:, and the Attorney General also has supervisory authority as the sponsor of the CPS; however, the CPS is an independent body and the Attorney General cannot direct particular prosecutions. Unlike in the United States and other jurisdictions, the Attorney General is not a prosecutor in England and Wales. Instead, the role is a political office of the chief legal advisor to the
445:
reasonable jury or bench of magistrates or judge hearing a case alone, properly directed and acting in accordance with the law, is more likely than not to convict the defendant of the charge alleged. This is a different test from the one that the criminal courts themselves must apply. A court may only convict if it is sure that the defendant is guilty.
1127:, being responsible to ensure that justice is indeed carried out. Although empowered by law to do so, prosecutors conduct criminal investigations only in major cases, usually involving police or public officials' wrongdoings. Also, they are in charge of external control over police activity and requesting the initiation of a police investigation.
2969:("SĂŁo funçÔes institucionais do MinistĂ©rio PĂșblico: . . . (VII) exercer o controle externo da atividade policial, na forma da lei complementar mencionada no artigo anterior ; (VIII) requisitar diligĂȘncias investigatĂłrias e a instauração de inquĂ©rito policial, indicados os fundamentos jurĂdicos de suas manifestaçÔes processuais; . . . .").
807:. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case against an individual or a corporation suspected of breaking the law, initiating and directing further criminal investigations, guiding and recommending the sentencing of offenders, and are the only attorneys allowed to participate in grand jury proceedings.
2724:, Ark. Const. amdt. 21, § 1 (offenses may be prosecuted by an "information filed by the Prosecuting Attorney"), and amdt. 80, § 20 ("A Prosecuting Attorney shall be elected by the qualified electors of each judicial circuit."); Ark. Code Ann. §§ 16-21-101 et seq. (provisions concerning "prosecuting attorneys").
289:
typically barristers, and they represent the state or
Commonwealth in serious criminal cases in higher courts, County Court and above. Aside from police prosecutors and Crown prosecutors, government agencies have the authority to appoint non-lawyers to prosecute on their behalf, such as the RSPCA Inspectors.
751:. In very serious cases, a Procurator Fiscal, Advocate Depute, or even the Lord Advocate may take charge of a police investigation. It is at the discretion of the Procurator Fiscal, Advocate Depute, or Lord Advocate to take a prosecution to court, and to decide on whether or not to prosecute it under
682:
It is usually practically difficult for an individual to bring a private prosecution given the high cost â estimated by the
Ministry of Justice at ÂŁ8,500 on average. Even if a private prosecutor is not legally qualified, they must meet the usual legal requirements lawyers must undertake including the
519:
This determination must be based on a proper risk assessment, which reveals that the suspect is not suitable to be bailed, even with substantial conditions. For example, a dangerous suspect who poses a serious risk of harm to a particular person or the public, or a suspect who poses a serious risk of
1384:
Korean prosecutors is similar or identical to that of
European equivalents in commanding investigations, determining indictable cases and prosecuting process. A prosecutor has the power to prohibit a defendant or an accused individual from departing the Republic of Korea via an "international hold".
1328:
are professional officials who have considerable powers of investigation, prosecution, superintendence of criminal execution and so on. Prosecutors can direct police for investigation purposes, and sometimes investigate directly. Only prosecutors can prosecute criminals in principle, and prosecutors
1130:
The power of individual prosecutors to hold criminal investigations was controversial and, although massively supported by judges, prosecutors and the general population, it was contested before the
Supremo Tribunal Federal, but in 2015, this Court decided favorably to its power (RGE n. 593.727-MG).
268:. At least in the case of very serious matters, the DPP will be asked by the police, during the investigation, to advise them on the sufficiency of evidence and may well be asked to prepare an application to the relevant court for search, listening device or telecommunications interception warrants.
1061:
During a criminal trial, prosecutors must introduce and explain the case to the trier of fact, i.e., judges or jury. They generally suggest a reasonable sentence which the court is not obligated to follow; the court may decide on a tougher or softer sentence. Crown prosecutors also have a number of
973:
is the representative not of an ordinary party to a controversy, but of a sovereignty whose obligation to govern impartially is as compelling as its obligation to govern at all, and whose interest, therefore, in a criminal prosecution is not that it shall win a case, but that justice shall be done.
678:
in which these prosecutions have widely come to be seen as a miscarriage of justice. The RSPCA have come under strong criticism for lacking sufficient independence to act as a prosecutor from the independent 'Wooler' review; the
Environmental, Food and Rural Affairs Committee and the Justice Select
219:
need to be filed. They are employed by an office of the government, with safeguards in place to ensure such an office can successfully pursue the prosecution of government officials. Multiple offices exist in a single country, especially in those countries with federal governments where sovereignty
1602:
In the early history of
England, victims of a crime and their family had the right to hire a private attorney to prosecute criminal charges against the person alleged to have injured the victim. In the 18th century, prosecution of almost all criminal offences in England was private, usually by the
1587:
In many countries, the prosecutor's administration is directly subordinate to the executive branch (e.g., the United States
Attorney General is a member of the President's cabinet). In some other countries, such as Brazil or Italy, the prosecutors are judicial civil servants, so they have the same
1212:
countries. While the defense and the plaintiff are both represented by common lawyers, who sit (on chairs) on the courtroom floor, the prosecutor sits on a platform as the judge does, although he doesn't participate in deliberation. Judges and prosecutors are trained at the same school, and regard
961:
can bring criminal cases on behalf of private parties in some states. Prosecutors are required by state and federal laws to follow certain rules. For example, the government must disclose exculpatory evidence to the defense; must disclose matters affecting the credibility of prosecution witnesses,
424:
In order to charge, the circumstances must meet the Full Code Test. In some urgent cases, a lower
Threshold Test can be applied to get a charge quickly; however, the Full Code Test must then be applied at the earliest opportunity. The Full Code Test has two stages; both parts are equal and must be
1383:
Prosecutors are public officials who are members of the
Prosecutor's Office. Prosecutors can conduct crime investigations directly or indirectly. They are responsible for the entire process of investigations and court prosecutions. Since Korean modern law was designed after civil law, the role of
457:
It has never been the rule that a prosecution will automatically take place once the evidential stage is met. A prosecution will usually take place unless the prosecutor is satisfied that there are public interest factors tending against prosecution which outweigh those tending in favour. In some
441:
Prosecutors must be satisfied that there is sufficient evidence to provide a realistic prospect of conviction against each suspect on each charge. They must consider what the defence case may be, and how it is likely to affect the prospects of conviction. A case which does not pass the evidential
288:
Prosecutors in
Australia come in a few distinct species. Prosecutors of minor criminal cases in lower courts are police sergeants with a traineeship in prosecution and advocacy lasting approximately one year in duration, although they may hold law degrees. Crown Prosecutors are always lawyers and
706:
The final consideration is designed to cover the situation where, for whatever reason, the investigative authorities with which the CPS usually deals have not brought the case to the CPS' attention and yet it is a case that merits the prosecution being conducted by a public prosecuting authority
478:
Prosecutors must be satisfied, on an objective assessment of the evidence, that there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the person to be charged has committed the offence. The assessment must consider the impact of any defence or information that the suspect has put forward or on which they
1412:
acts as the prosecuting attorney. In court, the prosecutor is not necessarily in an adversarial relationship to the defendant, but is under an obligation to investigate and present information that may incriminate or exonerate the defendant. The prosecutor is not a judicial officer, nor do they
691:
The DPP has authority to take over any prosecution instituted by another person or organisation, and to discontinue the prosecution if they see fit. The CPS have set out public guidance on when they will take over a prosecution; this indicates that the CPS should take over and continue with the
502:
Prosecutors must be satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the continuing investigation will provide further evidence, within a reasonable period of time, so that when all the evidence is considered together, including material which may point away from as well as towards a
1588:
liberties and independence that judges traditionally enjoy. In other countries, a form of private prosecution is available, meaning persons or private entities can directly petition the courts to hold trial against someone they feel is guilty of a crime, should the prosecutor refuse to indict.
444:
The finding that there is a realistic prospect of conviction is based on the prosecutor's objective assessment of the evidence, including the impact of any defence and any other information that the suspect has put forward or on which they might rely. It means that an objective, impartial, and
344:
Crown Prosecutors are lawyers who work for the CPS. They are responsible for researching, advising police investigations, preparing cases for trial and sometimes presenting the case at trial. These lawyers may also be referred to as prosecutors. A number of other bodies have authority to bring
1404:) and direct police investigations of serious crimes. For all criminal cases, public prosecutors decide arrests and charges on behalf of the public and are the only public officers who can make such decisions. Plaintiffs also have the option of hiring their own special prosecutor (
1611:, public officials came to dominate the prosecution of crimes; however, privately funded prosecutors constituted a significant element of the state criminal justice system throughout the nineteenth century. The use of a private prosecutor was incorporated into the common law of
481:
In determining whether there are reasonable grounds to suspect, prosecutors must consider all of the material or information available, whether in evidential format or otherwise. Prosecutors must be satisfied that the material to be relied on at this stage is capable of being:
679:
Committee, given they also investigate the offences and campaign politically for animal rights. The ongoing issues with private prosecutions outlined above has led to the Justice Select Committee calling for a closer examination of the process and regulation by government.
1189:) be assigned to lead a formal judicial investigation. When an investigation is led by a judge, the prosecutor plays a supervisory role, defining the scope of the crimes being examined by the judge and law enforcement forces. Like defense counsel, the chief prosecutor may
389:, and barristers may work in teams with a leader directing juniors. Unlike in the United States, these prosecuting barristers will work on a case-by-case basis, and so may also engage in defence work; they will not be employed solely to undertake prosecution advocacy.
2915:, 877 (Ariz. 2006) ("Indictments can be dismissed for various reasons, including a prosecutor's determination that the person charged did not in fact commit the crime orâas this case illustratesâthat there is no reasonable likelihood of conviction.")..
962:
such as an agreement to dismiss the witness's own charges in exchange for their testimony; must not destroy potentially useful evidence in bad faith; and must not use false testimony to secure a conviction. Failure to follow these rules may result in a finding of
333:, the DPP does not take on cases themselves and instead plays an administrative and leadership role. In this way, while the DPP may be referred to as a prosecutor, the individual in the role would not take any cases to court. The DPP is appointed by His Majesty's
385:). In these instances, referring to the prosecutor would refer to the lawyer conducting the case during trial. In most serious offences, the CPS or other prosecuting authority will instruct a barrister to represent them. In the most serious cases, this may be a
236:
cases and other appellate cases have ruled that such disclosure is required. Typical sources of ethical requirements imposed on prosecutors come from appellate court opinions, state or federal court rules, and state or federal statutes (codified laws).
1062:
administrative duties. They may advise the court during civil actions. Under Belgian law, judges and prosecutors are judicial officers with equal rank and pay. The Minister of Justice can order a criminal investigation but cannot prevent one (
401:, which governs how cases are charged and trials conducted. This fundamental code is supported by a range of other policies, most notably the Director's Guidance on Charging. The first stage in prosecuting a case is deciding to
1205:. Prosecutors generally suggest advisory sentencing guidelines, but the sentence remains at the court's discretion to decide, to increase or reduce as it sees fit. In addition, prosecutors have several administrative duties.
1054:) be appointed to lead a judicial inquest. With a judge investigating, Crown prosecutors do not conduct the interrogatories, but simply lay out the scope of the crimes which the judge and law enforcement forces investigate (
458:
cases the prosecutor may be satisfied that the public interest can be properly served by offering the offender the opportunity to have the matter dealt with by an out-of-court disposal rather than bringing a prosecution.
231:
requires prosecutors to "make timely disclosure to the defense of all evidence or information that tends to negate the guilt of the accused or mitigates the offense." Not all U.S. states adopt the model rules; however,
3037: (1988) ("Ăs polĂcias civis, dirigidas por delegados de polĂcia de carreira, incumbem, ressalvada a competĂȘncia da UniĂŁo, as funçÔes de polĂcia judiciĂĄria e a apuração de infraçÔes penais, exceto as militares.").
1269:, being responsible to ensure that justice is indeed carried out. They are obligated under the Constitution to initiate preliminary investigations once they are informed or take personal notice of a criminal actâ
1088:)âworking both at the federal and state level. Members of the Federal Prosecution Service are divided in three ranks, according to the jurisdiction of the courts before which they officiate. Federal Prosecutors (
1058:). Like defense counsel, Crown prosecutors can request or suggest further investigation be carried out. The Crown prosecutor is in charge of policy decisions and may prioritize cases and procedures as need be.
3295:
Die Rolle des Staatsanwaltes Erfahrungen in EuropaâIl ruolo del Pubblico Ministero Esperienze in EuropaâLe role du Magistrat du Parquet ExpĂ©riences en EuropeâThe role of the Public Prosecutor Experiences in
454:
In every case where there is sufficient evidence to justify a prosecution or to offer an out-of-court disposal, prosecutors must go on to consider whether a prosecution is required in the public interest.
1455:, which in some ways corresponds to that of a public prosecutor in other legal systems but with more far-reaching responsibilities, such as handling investigations otherwise performed by branches of the
787:
The United States is the only country in the world where citizens elect prosecutors. The director of a prosecution office is known by any of several names depending on the jurisdiction, most commonly
329:(DPP). The CPS prosecutes on behalf of the Crown and also takes forward prosecutions originating from police investigations. While the DPP must be a suitably qualified lawyer under section 71 of the
602:
Offences stipulating Attorney General's consent require the explicit consent of either the Attorney or Solicitor General. These roles together are known as the Law Officers. Under section 1 of the
1615:
but is no longer permitted there. Private prosecutors were also used in North Carolina as late as 1975. Private prosecution has been used in Nigeria, although the practice is being phased out.
1369:â district public prosecutor's offices (358). Apart from a brief period between 2010 and 2016, the position of Public Prosecutor General has been held concurrently by the Minister of Justice.
520:
absconding or interfering with witnesses. Prosecutors should not accept, without careful enquiry, any unjustified or unsupported assertions about risk if release on bail were to take place.
2576:
1829:
405:
the suspect, and it is this process which begins the prosecution. The CPS has the authority to decide whether a person is charged in all offences. However, the police may charge all
3024:("A polĂcia judiciĂĄria serĂĄ exercida pelas autoridades policiais no territĂłrio de suas respectivas circunscriçÔes e terĂĄ por fim a apuração das infraçÔes penais e da sua autoria.").
2929:
2862:
1634:
3160:
3139:
3063:
626:
Where an offence requires the personal consent of the DPP, this must be sought from the serving DPP by prosecutors, though the exact process varies depending on the offence.
511:
The seriousness and the circumstances of the case should be assessed in relation to the alleged offending and should be linked to the level of risk created by granting bail.
1002:, Michigan, and New York, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the People. In the remaining states, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the State.
2172:
2089:
1353:), who is the chief of the Prokuratura Krajowa (National Public Prosecutor's Office). The GP has 5 deputies. The sttructure of Public Prosecution in Poland is four-level:
398:
937:
Prosecutors are most often chosen through local elections, and typically hire other attorneys as deputies or assistants to conduct most of the actual work of the office.
934:
in Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, North Dakota, and Vermont; State Prosecutor; Attorney General in Delaware and Rhode Island; and Solicitor in South Carolina.
2554:
583:
Prosecutions under certain acts require the consent of the Attorney General or DPP before they can proceed. In practice, the following types of consent may be required:
1799:
357:(FCA). These organisations and their legal representatives may be called prosecutors. This is the same for any person, organisation, or their representatives during a
2354:
666:. Some organisations regularly use private prosecutions on a large scale to achieve an institutional goal, for example the vast majority of prosecutions under the
2289:
2449:
1046:). They open preliminary investigations and can hold a suspect in custody for up to 48 hours. When necessary, a Crown prosecutor will request an examining judge (
662:
In England and Wales, there is a statutorily protected common law right for any person to institute a private prosecution. This right is retained by section 6(1)
1378:
671:
516:
There are continuing substantial grounds to object to bail in accordance with the Bail Act 1976 and in all the circumstances of the case it is proper to do so
191:, an individual accused of breaking the law. Typically, the prosecutor represents the state or the government in the case brought against the accused person.
2884:
2840:
2815:
2790:
2765:
2031:
1350:
1298:
stated that prosecutors who wish to become judges must relocate to another region and are prohibited to sit or hear trials that they themselves initiated.
2956:
2416:
326:
2506:
2111:
1737:
1715:
1271:
2738:
313:
The prosecution landscape in England and Wales is highly varied, meaning that a prosecutor can refer to a number of different individuals and roles.
3107:
2983:
2580:
1821:
1265:
2032:"Charging (The Director's Guidance) - sixth edition, December 2020, incorporating the National File Standard | The Crown Prosecution Service"
1342:
3011:
568:
the police were only involved in overseeing a search, effecting an arrest or assisting other investigators in the conduct of an interview;
1676:
1413:
participate in the private deliberations of the court. Public prosecutors are the only public officers who can decide to appeal cases to
1101:
982:, if they determine that there is no reasonable likelihood of conviction. Prosecutors may dismiss charges in this situation by seeking a
614:
Where an offence requires the consent of the DPP to proceed, this consent may be granted by a Crown Prosecutor under section 1(7) of the
2484:
969:
Prosecutors are also tasked with seeking justice in their prosecutions. "The United States Attorney," explained the U.S. Supreme Court,
674:(RSPCA) as private prosecutions. The Post Office also undertook a wide array of private prosecutions against post masters, leading to a
2925:
2141:
1949:
772:
2859:
2211:
1859:
2527:
2248:
1769:
4555:
3358:
1512:
1135:), as the police authority, is responsible for conducting the criminal investigation in Brazil by means of a police investigation (
3154:
574:
someone other than a police officer is named on the charge sheet as the person accepting the charge or as the officer in the case.
3133:
3057:
2164:
950:
534:
The Threshold Test must be kept under proactive and continuous review, and should only be used in rare and urgent circumstances.
228:
2081:
1981:
1294:, the Supreme Court of Italy. Prosecutors are allowed during their career to act in the other's stead, although a ruling by the
1079:
334:
2550:
719:. The most serious crimes, which are about 5% of all crimes, is outsourced to a lawyer working at private law firm known as a
3327:
543:
346:
1791:
1417:. Otherwise, appeals are initiated by defense counsel, the plaintiff, their representatives, and other parties to the case (
503:
particular suspect, it is capable of establishing a realistic prospect of conviction in accordance with the Full Code Test.
2378:
2347:
814:
vary from state to state and level of government (i.e. city, county, and state) and include the terms District Attorney in
3313:
735:
is a mixed system, its civil law jurisdiction indicates its civil law heritage. Here, all prosecutions are carried out by
2281:
1183:). The Chief Prosecutor generally initiates preliminary investigations and, if necessary, asks that an examining judge (
561:
The CPS advise that another prosecuting authority should probably conduct a case if any of the following factors apply:
528:
Prosecutors must apply the public interest stage of the Full Code Test based on the information available at that time.
2441:
1346:
330:
203:
and are recognised as suitable legal professionals by the court in which they are acting. This may mean they have been
3981:
3539:
3438:
3303:
1574:
1472:
1307:
663:
3281:
2648:
1556:
638:
is based on an underlying offence which requires consent to prosecute, the inchoate offence will also need consent.
4095:
3964:
3174:
Robert M. Ireland (January 1995). "Privately Funded Prosecution of Crime in the Nineteenth-Century United States".
635:
615:
4643:
4550:
3897:
3798:
362:
250:
2622:
4057:
3691:
2389:
1541:
1409:
990:. In Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the
942:
720:
378:
374:
2952:
2412:
2400:
1919:
1889:
3410:
1707:
1629:
1478:
1393:
1295:
551:
350:
2503:
2108:
1734:
4217:
3696:
3224:
Okagbue, Isabella (Spring 1990). "Private Prosecution in Nigeria: Recent Developments and Some Proposals".
1463:
of the Soviet Union, were not aimed at fulfilling the same roles as police forces in democratic countries.
1426:
954:
414:
272:
2979:
2734:
1227:("state attorney") is a life-tenured public official in the senior judicial service belonging to the same
1148:
779:, which are not courts of law, but a panel of lay members empowered to act in the interests of the child.
4212:
3342:
3103:
2605:
1330:
1172:
978:
Prosecutors in some jurisdictions have the discretion to not pursue criminal charges, even when there is
811:
675:
547:
382:
354:
224:
508:
The seriousness or the circumstances of the case justifies the making of an immediate charging decision
4653:
4187:
3686:
1414:
966:, although a 2013 investigation found that actual discipline for prosecutorial misconduct was lacking.
867:
644:
The range of offences which require consent is wide, a list of the offences can be found at Annex 1 of
4648:
4270:
991:
764:
322:
114:
3382:
2700:
4658:
4065:
4047:
2912:
2082:"Charging (The Director's Guidance) - sixth edition, December 2020 | The Crown Prosecution Service"
1259:). Prosecutors in Italy are judicial officers just like judges and are ceremonially referred to as
1209:
963:
958:
227:
rules in addition to those binding all lawyers. For example, in the United States, Rule 3.8 of the
180:
4399:
1185:
4440:
4227:
3716:
3701:
2879:
2785:
1552:
1422:
667:
3234:(1). Cambridge University Press on behalf of the School of Oriental and African Studies: 53â66.
1084:
In Brazil, the public prosecutors form a body of autonomous civil servantsâthe Public Ministry (
475:
There are reasonable grounds to suspect that the person to be charged has committed the offence
44:
4495:
4480:
3226:
3034:
3007:
2577:"Standards on Prosecutorial Investigations (Table of Contents) | Criminal Justice Section"
1499:
Investigate criminal cases directly accepted by the People's Procuratorates as provided by law.
1236:
938:
776:
338:
253:(DPP) and is appointed, not elected. A DPP may be subject to varying degrees of control by the
2674:
1668:
4638:
4599:
4192:
3870:
3681:
2888:
2844:
2819:
2810:
2794:
2769:
2476:
1109:
603:
3364:
2133:
2006:
1941:
1018:
in law and additional training in the administration of justice. In some countries, such as
260:
In Australia, the Offices of the Director of Public Prosecutions institute prosecutions for
4633:
4628:
4320:
3666:
2311:
2203:
1851:
1408:). The exception is cases concerning crimes against the freedom of the press for which the
1194:
946:
843:
246:
176:
1753:
8:
4475:
3615:
3532:
2523:
2335:
2269:
2244:
2232:
1765:
1597:
1489:. According to Article 6, the functions and duties of public procurators are as follows:
1291:
983:
931:
657:
410:
358:
204:
3104:"Fleeing Korea while under Police/Prosecutor Investigation: International Hold in Korea"
2379:
https://www.rspca.org.uk/webContent/staticImages/Downloads/WoolerReviewFinalSept2014.pdf
4290:
3949:
3803:
3788:
3766:
3510:
3490:
3443:
3433:
3251:
3243:
3191:
3059:
The Rule of Compulsory Prosecution and the Scope of Prosecutorial Discretion in Germany
2847:
2797:
1822:"[Withdrawn] Protocol between the Attorney General and prosecuting departments"
1517:
The Supreme People's Procuracy is the highest office of public procurators in Vietnam.
1223:
919:
716:
370:
261:
233:
208:
168:
2822:
2673:. Prosecutor's Office Management Association ("POMA") of New Jersey. 5 November 2010.
715:
In New Zealand, most crimes are prosecuted by a Police Prosecutor, an employee of the
4275:
4197:
4035:
3778:
3773:
3726:
3651:
3645:
3485:
3403:
3323:
3299:
3278:
The Attorney General and the State Prosecutor: Is Institutional Separation Warranted?
3255:
2835:
2760:
1974:
1624:
1446:
788:
736:
386:
50:
1548:
4280:
4247:
3746:
3610:
3605:
3570:
3235:
3183:
3086:
2891:
1608:
1607:, because of Dutch and possibly French practice and the expansion of the office of
1604:
1430:
1397:
815:
752:
254:
54:
3077:
Guarnieri, Carlo (January 1997), "The Judiciary in the Italian Political Crisis",
1421:). When a case has been decided by an appellate court, the right to appeal to the
4529:
4502:
4490:
4470:
4404:
4382:
4362:
4357:
4337:
4202:
4182:
4177:
4080:
4040:
3751:
3676:
3600:
3585:
3505:
3346:
2866:
2510:
2115:
1741:
1168:
1154:
1015:
756:
748:
740:
606:, the Solicitor General can undertake any role assigned to the Attorney General.
406:
402:
215:. They become involved in a criminal case once a suspect has been identified and
88:
3349:
indexes almost 2,900 prosecutor web sites throughout the US and other countries.
1092:) officiate before single judges and lower courts, Federal Circuit Prosecutors (
4606:
4414:
4332:
3921:
3887:
3838:
3823:
3595:
3500:
3480:
3470:
3312:, Volume XXXVIII, New Series 2003, The Law Faculty, University College, Dublin
987:
979:
839:
499:
Further evidence can be obtained to provide a realistic prospect of conviction
418:
298:
184:
3239:
3090:
1096:) before federal appellate courts, and Associate Federal Prosecutors General (
183:. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case in a
4622:
4460:
4419:
4305:
4285:
4257:
4207:
4172:
4146:
4141:
4134:
4085:
4025:
3865:
3855:
3813:
3736:
3731:
3661:
3620:
3544:
1452:
1197:, prosecutors are responsible for presenting the case at trial to either the
1011:
923:
835:
744:
302:
2390:
https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201617/cmselect/cmenvfru/117/117.pdf
2165:"Regina v Stafford Justices ex parte Customs and Excise Commissioners: 1991"
618:. The prosecutor should apply all the normal tests before granting consent.
223:
Since the power of the state backs prosecutors, they are subject to special
4592:
4342:
4310:
4265:
4003:
3998:
3969:
3882:
3860:
3828:
3761:
3741:
3635:
3575:
3565:
3517:
3475:
3453:
3396:
3273:
2401:
https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/2823/documents/27637/default/
1708:"Relations with other prosecuting agencies | The Crown Prosecution Service"
930:
where cities additionally use City Attorneys to prosecute on their behalf;
827:
2498:
2103:
1729:
4514:
4455:
4445:
4242:
4237:
4075:
3976:
3892:
3851:
3818:
3783:
3706:
3630:
3580:
3495:
1198:
768:
760:
212:
20:
2644:
1115:
At the state level, the career is usually divided in state prosecutors (
4578:
4507:
4325:
4070:
3991:
3986:
3944:
3926:
3914:
3875:
3721:
3711:
3671:
3656:
3640:
3590:
3527:
3522:
3370:
1459:. Conversely, the policing systems in socialist countries, such as the
1119:) who practice before the lower courts and state apellate prosecutors (
891:
863:
819:
216:
200:
172:
167:
is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the
155:
72:
3247:
3195:
2618:
1329:
can decide whether to prosecute or not. High-ranking officials of the
442:
stage must not proceed, no matter how serious or sensitive it may be.
397:
Crown Prosecutors are bound by a strict code of conduct, known as the
4485:
4450:
4392:
4367:
4232:
4129:
4117:
4102:
4090:
4018:
3936:
3909:
3793:
1482:
1460:
1159:
In France, the Office of the Prosecutor includes a Chief Prosecutor (
883:
851:
732:
366:
265:
188:
143:
139:
27:
4573:
2735:"South Carolina Bench Book for Summary Court JudgesâGeneral Section"
1559:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
1208:
Prosecutors are considered magistrates under French law, as in most
1042:
in appellate courts) is supported by subordinate Crown prosecutors (
702:
there is a particular need for the CPS to take over the prosecution.
4534:
4519:
4222:
4107:
3904:
3448:
3187:
3135:
No One Can Serve Two Masters: Arguments against Private Prosecutors
1911:
1881:
1612:
1247:
In Italy, a Prosecutor's Office is composed of a Chief Prosecutor (
1190:
999:
995:
927:
915:
903:
879:
875:
871:
859:
831:
305:. They are generally appointed by the provincial Attorney-General.
147:
902:; District Attorney General in Tennessee; Prosecuting Attorney in
775:. Procurators fiscal will usually refer cases involving minors to
571:
the other authority is in possession of all the main exhibits; and
4424:
4372:
4352:
4300:
4112:
4030:
3846:
3808:
3756:
3376:
3156:
Making Sense of English Law Enforcement in the Eighteenth Century
2860:
Who Polices Prosecutors Who Abuse Their Authority? Usually Nobody
899:
887:
866:
cities (typically prosecute only minor and misdemeanor offenses)
759:. Other remedies are open to a prosecutor in Scotland, including
3352:
2134:"The Code for Crown Prosecutors | The Crown Prosecution Service"
2007:"The Code for Crown Prosecutors | The Crown Prosecution Service"
686:
207:
or obtained a comparable qualification where available, such as
4524:
4377:
4122:
4013:
4008:
3954:
3625:
2772:
1456:
1019:
907:
855:
847:
683:
Criminal Procedure Rules and appropriate disclosure standards.
556:
R v Stafford Justices ex parte Customs and Excise Commissioners
3308:
Raoul Muhm, "The role of the Public Prosecutor in Germany" in
2502:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under an
2107:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under an
1733:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under an
1392:
In Sweden, public prosecutors are lawyers who work out of the
1263:("Public Ministry" or P.M.). Italian Prosecutors officiate as
696:
the evidential sufficiency stage of the Full Code Test is met;
4465:
4409:
4315:
4156:
3959:
3458:
3339:
1232:
1228:
1023:
911:
823:
692:
prosecution if the papers clearly show all of the following:
565:
the police did not conduct the majority of the investigation;
151:
117:
in the jurisdiction, law degree, in some cases a traineeship.
2926:"TraduçÔes oficiais do MPF conforme Portaria PGR/MPF nÂș 618"
2696:
2282:"Consent of the Attorney General to prosecute: how to apply"
1278:
In appellate courts, the Office of the Prosecutor is called
537:
4347:
4295:
4151:
3549:
3465:
3282:
The Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2012 (English)
2076:
2074:
2072:
1202:
895:
699:
the public interest stage of the Full Code Test is met; and
297:
In Canada, public prosecutors in most provinces are called
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
275:, guarantee the independence and impartiality of the DPP.
3419:
2670:
1487:
Public Procurators' Law of the People's Republic of China
578:
84:
3159:, vol. 2, U. Chi. L. Sch. Roundtable, p. 475,
3131:
486:
put into an admissible format for presentation in court;
249:, the head of the prosecuting authority is known as the
2312:"Consents to Prosecute | The Crown Prosecution Service"
2204:"Consents to Prosecute | The Crown Prosecution Service"
2049:
1754:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/41/section/71
1637:(European Association of Judges and Public Prosecutors)
1635:
Magistrats Européens pour la Démocratie et les Libertés
3388:
3055:
2645:"Maricopa County Attorney's Office âą Phoenix, Arizona"
2477:"Private Prosecutions | The Crown Prosecution Service"
2336:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/23/section/6
2270:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/23/section/1
2233:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/60/section/1
1239:
if the prosecutor has sufficient evidence to convict.
672:
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
392:
257:, a formal written directive which must be published.
19:"Prosecution" redirects here. Not to be confused with
2950:
Article 129, preamble paragraphs VII and VIII of the
1108:) heads the federal body, and tries cases before the
194:
3385:
Edmonds Marshall McMahon Leading Private Prosecutors
1379:
Supreme Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea
747:, and, in theory, they can direct investigations by
3280:(Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, 2010).
3208:
1493:
Supervise the enforcement of laws according to law.
525:It is in the public interest to charge the suspect
240:
3355:Free trial advocacy tips for prosecutors and trial
3152:
1485:and public prosecutor. Legally, they are bound by
1288:Procuratore Generale presso la Corte di Cassazione
550:(FCA), alongside independent prosecutors like the
321:The primary prosecutor in the jurisdiction is the
103:Advocacy skills, analytical mind, sense of justice
3173:
1365:â regional public prosecutor's offices (45); and
345:prosecutions in England and Wales, including the
4620:
199:Prosecutors are typically lawyers who possess a
3361:Summaries of Recent U.S. Criminal Law Decisions
1361:â provincial public prosecutor's offices (11);
1321:
3062:, vol. 41, U. Chi. L. Rev., p. 468,
1502:Other functions and duties as provided by law.
1440:
1315:
1131:According to a 2012 law, the chief of police (
361:. Finally, when cases are brought to trial, a
3404:
2551:"$ 40m of public money for private law firms"
1520:
1466:
1341:The highest-ranking prosecutor office of the
687:DPP's power to take over private prosecutions
220:has been bifurcated or devolved in some way.
3367:Consultative Council of European Prosecutors
3298:, Vecchiarelli Editore Manziana (Roma) 2005
3211:Outmoded Concept of Private Prosecution, The
417:. The nature of the offence is suitable for
3213:, vol. 25, Am. U. L. Rev., p. 754
1882:"About CPS | The Crown Prosecution Service"
1290:is the Chief General Prosecutor before the
763:and non-court based interventions, such as
278:
3411:
3397:
3127:
3125:
1496:Public prosecution on behalf of the State.
1193:or move for further investigation. During
1005:
773:Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service
771:. All prosecutions are handled within the
425:met before a prosecution can be brought.
3076:
2593:Standards on Prosecutorial Investigations
1575:Learn how and when to remove this message
1477:A Public Procurator is a position in the
1451:A Public Procurator is an office used in
1425:passes from the case's prosecutor to the
1034:In Belgium, the Senior Crown prosecutor (
542:State investigative agencies such as the
538:Prosecutions by other government agencies
4556:History of the American legal profession
3379:International Association of Prosecutors
3293:Raoul Muhm, Gian Carlo Caselli (Hrsg.),
2619:"Directory of Nebraska County Attorneys"
3223:
3122:
2697:"St. Joseph County Prosecutor's Office"
2548:
1357:â National Public Prosecutor's Office;
651:
229:ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct
4621:
3290:, 5ÂȘ edição, SĂŁo Paulo: Saraiva, 2001.
3008:"Brazilian Code of Criminal Procedure"
1591:
1100:) before superior federal courts. The
1036:Procureur du Roi/Procureur des Konings
579:Prosecutions requiring special consent
335:Attorney General for England and Wales
316:
3392:
3288:Regime Juridico do MinistĂ©rio PĂșblico
3176:The American Journal of Legal History
2986:from the original on 14 November 2016
2932:from the original on 29 November 2021
2677:from the original on 4 September 2012
2471:
2469:
2467:
2436:
2434:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2128:
2126:
2124:
1969:
1967:
1513:Supreme People's Procuracy of Vietnam
707:rather than by a private individual.
2741:from the original on 3 December 2013
2703:from the original on 28 October 2016
2413:"JSC Report on Private Prosecutions"
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1524:
1040:Procureur Général/Procureur-Generaal
413:when there is an anticipated guilty
308:
2651:from the original on 5 October 2013
2557:from the original on 3 October 2021
2162:
1656:Director of Public Prosecutions Act
1175:) and his deputies and assistants (
1098:subprocuradores gerais da RepĂșblica
1094:procuradores regionais da RepĂșblica
1080:Public Prosecutor's Office (Brazil)
393:Approach of the CPS to prosecutions
271:More recent constitutions, such as
13:
2464:
2431:
2419:from the original on 29 April 2022
2187:
2121:
1964:
1679:from the original on 23 March 2019
1102:Prosecutor General of the Republic
957:in both civil and criminal cases.
331:Courts and Legal Services Act 1990
195:Prosecutor as a legal professional
14:
4670:
3540:Restitution and unjust enrichment
3333:
3163:from the original on 1 April 2012
3142:from the original on 1 April 2012
3132:Nichols, Matthew S. (2000â2001),
3066:from the original on 11 July 2011
3014:from the original on 22 July 2012
2549:Espiner, Guyon (3 October 2021).
2530:from the original on 15 June 2022
2487:from the original on 15 June 2022
2452:from the original on 15 June 2022
2360:from the original on 7 April 2022
2292:from the original on 15 June 2022
2251:from the original on 9 April 2022
2214:from the original on 15 June 2022
2175:from the original on 9 April 2022
2144:from the original on 15 June 2022
2092:from the original on 15 June 2022
1987:from the original on 27 July 2022
1952:from the original on 15 June 2022
1892:from the original on 12 June 2022
1862:from the original on 15 June 2022
1832:from the original on 15 June 2022
1802:from the original on 15 June 2022
1772:from the original on 15 June 2022
1718:from the original on 15 June 2022
1691:
1308:Public Prosecutors Office (Japan)
664:Prosecution of Offenders Act 1985
4587:
4586:
4572:
3110:from the original on 7 July 2016
2497:
2102:
1922:from the original on 22 May 2022
1728:
1529:
782:
616:Prosecution of Offences Act 1985
241:Directors of public prosecutions
43:
4551:History of the legal profession
3267:
3217:
3202:
3182:(1). Temple University: 43â58.
3167:
3146:
3096:
3070:
3056:Herrmann, Joachim (1973â1974),
3049:
3040:
3033:Article 144, Section IV of the
3027:
2999:
2972:
2959:from the original on 5 May 2016
2944:
2918:
2897:
2872:
2853:
2828:
2803:
2778:
2753:
2727:
2715:
2689:
2663:
2637:
2625:from the original on 7 May 2019
2611:
2596:
2569:
2542:
2516:
2405:
2394:
2383:
2372:
2340:
2329:
2304:
2274:
2263:
2237:
2226:
2156:
2024:
1999:
1942:"Service Prosecuting Authority"
1934:
1904:
327:Director of Public Prosecutions
251:director of public prosecutions
3138:, vol. 13, Cap. Def. J.,
2647:. Maricopacountyattorney.org.
1874:
1844:
1814:
1784:
1758:
1747:
1661:
1648:
1473:Supreme People's Procuratorate
1372:
1026:, they are classed as judges.
710:
373:may present the case before a
1:
1641:
1394:Swedish Prosecution Authority
1296:Constitutional Court of Italy
1282:and the Chief Prosecutor the
1106:Procurador Geral da RepĂșblica
810:The titles of prosecutors in
552:Service Prosecuting Authority
351:Service Prosecuting Authority
3209:Sidman, Andrew (1975â1976),
2504:Open Government Licence v3.0
2109:Open Government Licence v3.0
1735:Open Government Licence v3.0
1312:In Japan, Public Prosecutors
283:
7:
3314:LARCHIVIO - Finance Journal
3153:Friedman, David D. (1995),
2606:Category:District attorneys
1852:"Attorney General - GOV.UK"
1618:
1555:the claims made and adding
1441:Socialist law jurisdictions
1322:
1064:droit d'injonction positive
726:
599:Attorney General's consent
548:Financial Conduct Authority
421:in the magistrates' court.
355:Financial Conduct Authority
325:(CPS), which is led by the
225:professional responsibility
10:
4675:
4218:International legal theory
3697:International slavery laws
3692:International human rights
3687:International criminal law
3322:(Paris: Gallimard, 2008),
2245:"s1 Law Officers Act 1997"
1975:"FCA Prosecution Handbook"
1630:Public prosecutor's office
1595:
1521:Institutional independence
1510:
1506:
1479:People's Republic of China
1470:
1467:People's Republic of China
1444:
1376:
1305:
1216:
1161:Procureur de la RĂ©publique
1152:
1146:
1077:
1029:
1010:Prosecutors are typically
655:
399:Code for Crown Prosecutors
115:authorised to practice law
25:
18:
4566:
4543:
4433:
4271:Administration of justice
4256:
4165:
4056:
3935:
3837:
3558:
3426:
3383:Private Prosecution in UK
3240:10.1017/s0021855300008196
3091:10.1080/01402389708425179
1387:
1336:
1333:are largely prosecutors.
1316:
1213:one other as colleagues.
1149:MinistĂšre public (France)
1142:
1090:Procuradores da RepĂșblica
1073:
959:Private attorneys general
469:
432:
371:higher rights of audience
323:Crown Prosecution Service
292:
133:
121:
113:Typically required to be
107:
99:
94:
78:
66:
61:
42:
4048:Basic structure doctrine
3898:Natural and legal rights
3779:Public international law
2953:"Constitution of Brazil"
2737:. Judicial.state.sc.us.
1301:
1251:) assisted by deputies (
1242:
964:prosecutorial misconduct
279:Common law jurisdictions
129:Government legal service
26:Not to be confused with
4228:Principle of typicality
3702:International trade law
3418:
2880:Berger v. United States
2786:Giglio v. United States
1121:procuradores de Justiça
1110:Brazilian Supreme Court
1068:positief injunctierecht
1006:Civil law jurisdictions
939:United States Attorneys
890:; County Prosecutor in
868:Commonwealth's Attorney
805:commonwealth's attorney
668:Animal Welfare Act 2006
623:DPP's personal consent
53:(on the pulpit) at the
4644:Government occupations
3227:Journal of African Law
3079:West European Politics
3035:Constitution of Brazil
2442:"Private Prosecutions"
1434:
1401:
1359:prokuratury regionalne
1044:substituts/substituten
976:
791:. Other names include
670:are prosecuted by the
451:Public Interest Stage
179:, which is adopted in
171:, which is adopted in
4223:Principle of legality
3982:Delegated legislation
3682:Intellectual property
3286:Hugo Nigro Mazzilli.
2811:Arizona v. Youngblood
2671:"President's Message"
2163:dls (24 April 2021).
1410:Chancellor of Justice
1257:sostituti procuratori
1117:promotores de Justiça
971:
949:. They represent the
945:and confirmed by the
878:; County Attorney in
646:Consents to Prosecute
604:Law Officers Act 1997
4441:Barristers' chambers
4383:Legal representation
4321:Justice of the peace
3667:Financial regulation
3345:23 July 2008 at the
3320:Paroles de procureur
3046:RiStBV, No. 138/139.
2913:127 P.3d 873
2865:30 June 2017 at the
2513:. © Crown copyright.
2509:28 June 2017 at the
2118:. © Crown copyright.
2114:28 June 2017 at the
1916:Serious Fraud Office
1744:. © Crown copyright.
1740:28 June 2017 at the
1481:, analogous to both
1367:prokuratury rejonowe
1363:prokuratury okrÄgowe
1347:Prokurator Generalny
1284:Procuratore Generale
1253:procuratori aggiunti
1195:criminal proceedings
1163:in trial courts and
1038:in trial courts and
947:United States Senate
652:Private prosecutions
544:Serious Fraud Office
347:Serious Fraud Office
247:Commonwealth Nations
177:inquisitorial system
4476:Election commission
4188:Expressive function
3717:Landlordâtenant law
3616:Consumer protection
3373:"diritto â history"
2583:on 19 December 2017
1598:Private prosecution
1592:Private prosecution
1355:Prokuratura Krajowa
1331:Ministry of Justice
1292:Corte di Cassazione
1133:delegado de polĂcia
984:voluntary dismissal
862:; City Attorney in
777:Children's Hearings
658:Private prosecution
587:
466:
429:
411:either-way offences
381:(with or without a
359:private prosecution
317:Types of prosecutor
262:indictable offences
209:solicitor advocates
205:admitted to the bar
39:
4434:Legal institutions
4301:Lawsuit/Litigation
4291:Dispute resolution
4096:Catholic canon law
3804:State of emergency
3767:Will and testament
3491:Law of obligations
3444:Constitutional law
3434:Administrative law
3353:ProsecutorTips.com
3005:Article 4 of the
1828:. 14 August 2019.
1540:possibly contains
1427:Prosecutor-General
1402:Ă
klagarmyndigheten
1351:General Prosecutor
1261:Pubblico Ministero
1255:) and assistants (
1186:juge d'instruction
1173:Court of Cassation
1137:inquérito policial
1086:MinistĂ©rio PĂșblico
1048:juge d'instruction
951:federal government
737:Procurators Fiscal
717:New Zealand Police
676:subsequent scandal
631:Inchoate offences
586:
465:
428:
234:U.S. Supreme Court
169:adversarial system
109:Education required
37:
4654:Legal professions
4616:
4615:
4276:Constitutionalism
4198:Law and economics
4036:Act of parliament
3774:Product liability
3727:Legal archaeology
3652:Environmental law
3646:Entertainment law
3486:International law
3328:978-2-07-011977-6
2980:"Law 12.830/2013"
2836:Napue v. Illinois
2761:Brady v. Maryland
1625:Public procurator
1585:
1584:
1577:
1542:original research
1447:Public Procurator
1345:in Poland is the
1165:procureur général
1052:onderzoeksrechter
1016:university degree
994:. In California,
941:are appointed by
789:district attorney
757:summary procedure
743:on behalf of the
642:
641:
532:
531:
463:
462:
438:Evidential Stage
309:England and Wales
161:
160:
51:Robert H. Jackson
49:Chief Prosecutor
4666:
4649:Local government
4591:
4590:
4589:
4577:
4576:
4400:Question of fact
4281:Criminal justice
3611:Construction law
3606:Conflict of laws
3571:Agricultural law
3413:
3406:
3399:
3390:
3389:
3359:Burnley Law Firm
3310:The Irish Jurist
3261:
3259:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3129:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3038:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2976:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2876:
2870:
2857:
2851:
2832:
2826:
2807:
2801:
2782:
2776:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2615:
2609:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2579:. Archived from
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2520:
2514:
2501:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2473:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2438:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2409:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2387:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2288:. 23 June 2021.
2278:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2241:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2200:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2130:
2119:
2106:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2078:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1979:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1792:"Our governance"
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1762:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1704:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1673:www.rspcavic.org
1665:
1659:
1652:
1609:attorney general
1605:Colonial America
1580:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1557:inline citations
1533:
1532:
1525:
1415:appellate courts
1327:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1280:Procura Generale
1272:notitia criminis
1249:procuratore capo
1221:In Germany, the
1177:avocats généraux
1169:appellate courts
932:State's Attorney
926:, as well as in
793:state's attorney
753:solemn procedure
741:Advocates Depute
721:Crown prosecutor
636:inchoate offence
588:
585:
467:
464:
430:
427:
407:summary offences
255:attorney general
80:Activity sectors
55:Nuremberg Trials
47:
40:
36:
16:Legal profession
4674:
4673:
4669:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4659:Law enforcement
4619:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4585:
4571:
4562:
4539:
4530:Political party
4503:Legal education
4491:Law enforcement
4471:Court of equity
4429:
4405:Question of law
4358:Practice of law
4338:Judicial review
4252:
4203:Legal formalism
4183:Comparative law
4178:Contract theory
4161:
4081:Legal pluralism
4052:
4041:Act of Congress
3965:Executive order
3931:
3833:
3752:Nationality law
3677:Immigration law
3601:Competition law
3554:
3422:
3417:
3347:Wayback Machine
3340:Prosecutor.info
3336:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3222:
3218:
3207:
3203:
3172:
3168:
3151:
3147:
3130:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3075:
3071:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3032:
3028:
3017:
3015:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2989:
2987:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2962:
2960:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2877:
2873:
2867:Wayback Machine
2858:
2854:
2833:
2829:
2808:
2804:
2783:
2779:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2628:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2601:
2597:
2586:
2584:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2558:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2511:Wayback Machine
2490:
2488:
2475:
2474:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2422:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2384:
2377:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2348:"Wooler Report"
2346:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2231:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2202:
2201:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2132:
2131:
2122:
2116:Wayback Machine
2095:
2093:
2080:
2079:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1835:
1833:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1748:
1742:Wayback Machine
1721:
1719:
1706:
1705:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1621:
1600:
1594:
1581:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1546:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1515:
1509:
1475:
1469:
1449:
1443:
1390:
1381:
1375:
1339:
1313:
1310:
1304:
1245:
1219:
1157:
1155:Parquet (legal)
1151:
1145:
1082:
1076:
1032:
1008:
801:county attorney
785:
749:Police Scotland
729:
713:
689:
660:
654:
581:
540:
470:Threshold Test
433:Full Code Test
395:
319:
311:
295:
286:
281:
243:
197:
136:
126:
124:
110:
89:law enforcement
81:
69:
68:Occupation type
57:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4672:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4582:
4579:Law portal
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4415:Trial advocacy
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3952:
3947:
3945:Ballot measure
3941:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3922:Legal treatise
3919:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3890:
3888:Letters patent
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3839:Sources of law
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3824:Unenforced law
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3596:Commercial law
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3335:
3334:External links
3332:
3331:
3330:
3318:Erick Maurel,
3316:
3306:
3291:
3284:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3216:
3201:
3188:10.2307/845749
3166:
3145:
3121:
3095:
3085:(1): 157â175,
3069:
3048:
3039:
3026:
2998:
2971:
2943:
2917:
2908:State v. Gomez
2896:
2871:
2852:
2827:
2802:
2777:
2752:
2726:
2714:
2688:
2662:
2636:
2610:
2595:
2568:
2541:
2515:
2481:www.cps.gov.uk
2463:
2430:
2404:
2393:
2382:
2371:
2339:
2328:
2316:www.cps.gov.uk
2303:
2273:
2262:
2236:
2225:
2208:www.cps.gov.uk
2186:
2155:
2138:www.cps.gov.uk
2120:
2086:www.cps.gov.uk
2048:
2036:www.cps.gov.uk
2023:
2011:www.cps.gov.uk
1998:
1963:
1933:
1903:
1886:www.cps.gov.uk
1873:
1843:
1813:
1783:
1757:
1746:
1712:www.cps.gov.uk
1690:
1669:"Prosecutions"
1660:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1596:Main article:
1593:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1537:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1511:Main article:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1471:Main article:
1468:
1465:
1445:Main article:
1442:
1439:
1389:
1386:
1377:Main article:
1374:
1371:
1338:
1335:
1306:Main article:
1303:
1300:
1244:
1241:
1218:
1215:
1147:Main article:
1144:
1141:
1078:Main article:
1075:
1072:
1031:
1028:
1014:who possess a
1012:civil servants
1007:
1004:
988:nolle prosequi
980:probable cause
840:North Carolina
797:state attorney
784:
781:
765:rehabilitation
728:
725:
712:
709:
704:
703:
700:
697:
688:
685:
656:Main article:
653:
650:
640:
639:
632:
628:
627:
624:
620:
619:
612:
611:DPP's consent
608:
607:
600:
596:
595:
592:
580:
577:
576:
575:
572:
569:
566:
546:(SFO) and the
539:
536:
530:
529:
526:
522:
521:
517:
513:
512:
509:
505:
504:
500:
496:
495:
494:
493:
490:
487:
476:
472:
471:
461:
460:
452:
448:
447:
439:
435:
434:
394:
391:
387:King's Counsel
318:
315:
310:
307:
299:Crown Attorney
294:
291:
285:
282:
280:
277:
273:South Africa's
242:
239:
196:
193:
185:criminal trial
159:
158:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
122:
119:
118:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
92:
91:
82:
79:
76:
75:
70:
67:
64:
63:
59:
58:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4671:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4461:Civil society
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4420:Trier of fact
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4306:Legal opinion
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4286:Court-martial
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4258:Jurisprudence
4255:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4147:Statutory law
4145:
4143:
4142:Socialist law
4140:
4136:
4135:Byzantine law
4133:
4132:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4086:Religious law
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4058:Legal systems
4055:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4026:Statutory law
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3856:Statutory law
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3814:Transport law
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Legal fiction
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:Financial law
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3621:Corporate law
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3545:Statutory law
3543:
3541:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:Core subjects
3425:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3407:
3402:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3305:
3304:88-8247-156-X
3301:
3297:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3220:
3212:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3149:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3128:
3126:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3052:
3043:
3036:
3030:
3013:
3009:
3002:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2900:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2875:
2869:. ProPublica.
2868:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2831:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2806:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2781:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2756:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2723:
2718:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2556:
2552:
2545:
2529:
2525:
2524:"s6 PoA 1985"
2519:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2397:
2391:
2386:
2380:
2375:
2356:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2332:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2266:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2229:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1983:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1771:
1767:
1766:"s2 PoA 1985"
1761:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1657:
1651:
1647:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1589:
1579:
1576:
1568:
1565:December 2010
1558:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1538:This section
1536:
1527:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:socialist law
1448:
1438:
1436:
1435:RiksÄklagaren
1432:
1428:
1424:
1423:Supreme Court
1420:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1324:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1214:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
975:
970:
967:
965:
960:
956:
955:federal court
952:
948:
944:
943:the President
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
924:West Virginia
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
836:Massachusetts
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
783:United States
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
745:Lord Advocate
742:
738:
734:
724:
722:
718:
708:
701:
698:
695:
694:
693:
684:
680:
677:
673:
669:
665:
659:
649:
647:
637:
633:
630:
629:
625:
622:
621:
617:
613:
610:
609:
605:
601:
598:
597:
593:
591:Consent type
590:
589:
584:
573:
570:
567:
564:
563:
562:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
535:
527:
524:
523:
518:
515:
514:
510:
507:
506:
501:
498:
497:
491:
489:reliable; and
488:
485:
484:
483:
477:
474:
473:
468:
459:
453:
450:
449:
446:
440:
437:
436:
431:
426:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
314:
306:
304:
303:Crown Counsel
300:
290:
276:
274:
269:
267:
264:on behalf of
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
238:
235:
230:
226:
221:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
138:
132:
128:
120:
116:
112:
106:
102:
98:
93:
90:
86:
83:
77:
74:
71:
65:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
35:
33:
29:
22:
4639:Criminal law
4605:
4598:
4584:
4570:
4387:
4343:Jurisdiction
4311:Legal remedy
4266:Adjudication
4166:Legal theory
4004:Ratification
3999:Promulgation
3970:Proclamation
3950:Codification
3883:Human rights
3871:Divine right
3861:Constitution
3829:Women in law
3747:Military law
3742:Marriage law
3737:Maritime law
3636:Election law
3576:Aviation law
3566:Abortion law
3518:Property law
3454:Criminal law
3319:
3309:
3294:
3287:
3277:
3274:Gad Barzilai
3268:Bibliography
3231:
3225:
3219:
3210:
3204:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3155:
3148:
3134:
3112:. Retrieved
3098:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3058:
3051:
3042:
3029:
3016:. Retrieved
3001:
2988:. Retrieved
2974:
2961:. Retrieved
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2920:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2894: (1935).
2878:
2874:
2855:
2850: (1959).
2834:
2830:
2825: (1988).
2809:
2805:
2800: (1972).
2784:
2780:
2775: (1963).
2759:
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2729:
2721:
2717:
2705:. Retrieved
2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2665:
2653:. Retrieved
2639:
2627:. Retrieved
2613:
2602:
2598:
2585:. Retrieved
2581:the original
2571:
2559:. Retrieved
2553:. Radio NZ.
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2518:
2489:. Retrieved
2480:
2454:. Retrieved
2445:
2421:. Retrieved
2407:
2396:
2385:
2374:
2362:. Retrieved
2342:
2331:
2319:. Retrieved
2315:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2285:
2276:
2265:
2253:. Retrieved
2239:
2228:
2216:. Retrieved
2207:
2177:. Retrieved
2168:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2137:
2094:. Retrieved
2085:
2039:. Retrieved
2035:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2010:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1954:. Retrieved
1945:
1936:
1924:. Retrieved
1915:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1885:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1855:
1846:
1834:. Retrieved
1825:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1795:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1760:
1749:
1720:. Retrieved
1711:
1681:. Retrieved
1672:
1663:
1655:
1650:
1601:
1586:
1571:
1562:
1539:
1516:
1486:
1476:
1450:
1418:
1406:enskilt Ă„tal
1405:
1391:
1382:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1340:
1323:kensatsu-kan
1311:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1270:
1266:custos legis
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1224:Staatsanwalt
1222:
1220:
1207:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1125:custos legis
1124:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1083:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1009:
992:Commonwealth
977:
972:
968:
936:
828:Pennsylvania
812:state courts
809:
804:
800:
796:
792:
786:
761:fiscal fines
730:
714:
705:
690:
681:
661:
645:
643:
582:
560:
555:
541:
533:
480:
479:might rely.
456:
443:
423:
396:
343:
320:
312:
296:
287:
270:
259:
244:
222:
198:
187:against the
164:
162:
135:Related jobs
100:Competencies
34:
32:
4634:Prosecution
4629:Prosecutors
4515:Legislature
4446:Bureaucracy
4243:Rule of man
4238:Rule of law
4213:Libertarian
4076:Chinese law
3977:Legislation
3927:Regulations
3915:Law reports
3893:Natural law
3789:Reparations
3784:Refugee law
3707:Jurimetrics
3648:(Media law)
3586:Banking law
3581:Amnesty law
3559:Disciplines
3496:Private law
2936:28 November
2681:22 December
2587:13 November
2169:swarb.co.uk
1658:1983 (Cth).
1603:victim. In
1419:mÄlsÀganden
1373:South Korea
1343:Prokuratura
769:social work
711:New Zealand
353:(SPA), and
213:England law
95:Description
21:Persecution
4623:Categories
4508:Law school
4388:Prosecutor
4326:Magistrate
4113:Jewish law
4071:Common law
3992:Rulemaking
3987:Regulation
3937:Law making
3876:Divine law
3852:Legal code
3799:Sports law
3722:Law of war
3672:Health law
3657:Family law
3641:Energy law
3591:Bankruptcy
3528:Punishment
3523:Public law
3371:L'Archivio
2990:8 November
2707:5 December
1912:"About us"
1856:www.gov.uk
1642:References
1549:improve it
1286:(PG). The
1237:compulsory
1181:substituts
1153:See also:
1056:la saisine
920:Washington
892:New Jersey
864:California
820:California
375:magistrate
201:law degree
173:common law
165:prosecutor
156:magistrate
125:employment
73:Profession
62:Occupation
38:Prosecutor
4486:Judiciary
4481:Executive
4456:The bench
4393:Solicitor
4368:Barrister
4248:Sociology
4233:Pseudolaw
4173:Anarchist
4130:Roman law
4118:Parsi law
4103:Hindu law
4091:Canon law
4066:Civil law
4019:Concordat
3910:Precedent
3819:Trust law
3794:Space law
3631:Drugs law
3501:Procedure
3439:Civil law
3256:145695321
2745:4 October
2722:See, e.g.
2655:4 October
2561:3 October
1553:verifying
1483:detective
1461:Militsiya
1210:civil law
884:Minnesota
852:Wisconsin
733:Scots law
731:Although
634:Where an
492:credible.
367:solicitor
363:barrister
339:executive
284:Australia
266:the Crown
189:defendant
181:civil law
144:solicitor
140:Barrister
123:Fields of
28:Prosector
4593:Category
4535:Tribunal
4520:Military
4363:Attorney
4333:Judgment
4193:Feminist
4108:Jain law
3905:Case law
3626:Cyberlaw
3533:Corporal
3511:Criminal
3481:Evidence
3471:Doctrine
3449:Contract
3343:Archived
3161:archived
3140:archived
3108:Archived
3064:archived
3018:7 August
3012:Archived
2984:Archived
2957:Archived
2930:Archived
2863:Archived
2739:Archived
2701:Archived
2675:Archived
2649:Archived
2623:Archived
2555:Archived
2528:Archived
2507:Archived
2485:Archived
2450:Archived
2417:Archived
2355:Archived
2290:Archived
2249:Archived
2212:Archived
2173:Archived
2142:Archived
2112:Archived
2090:Archived
1982:Archived
1950:Archived
1920:Archived
1890:Archived
1860:Archived
1830:Archived
1800:Archived
1770:Archived
1738:Archived
1716:Archived
1683:23 March
1677:Archived
1619:See also
1613:Virginia
1191:petition
1000:Illinois
996:Colorado
928:Missouri
916:Michigan
904:Arkansas
880:Nebraska
876:Virginia
872:Kentucky
860:Oklahoma
832:Delaware
816:New York
727:Scotland
594:Details
419:sentence
245:In most
148:advocate
4607:Outline
4544:History
4451:The bar
4425:Verdict
4373:Counsel
4353:Justice
4208:History
4031:Statute
3847:Charter
3809:Tax law
3757:Probate
3114:30 June
2629:5 March
2534:15 June
2491:15 June
2456:15 June
2423:15 June
2364:15 June
2296:15 June
2255:15 June
2218:15 June
2179:15 June
2148:15 June
2096:15 June
1991:15 June
1956:15 June
1926:15 June
1896:15 June
1866:15 June
1836:15 June
1806:15 June
1776:15 June
1722:15 June
1547:Please
1507:Vietnam
1431:Swedish
1398:Swedish
1217:Germany
1201:or the
1171:or the
1030:Belgium
900:Indiana
888:Arizona
844:Georgia
349:(SFO),
217:charges
4525:Police
4496:Agency
4378:Lawyer
4123:Sharia
4014:Treaty
4009:Repeal
3955:Decree
3866:Custom
3762:Estate
3712:Labour
3476:Equity
3326:
3302:
3296:Europe
3254:
3248:745600
3246:
3196:845749
3194:
2911:,
2892:78, 88
2883:,
2839:,
2814:,
2789:,
2764:,
2446:GOV.UK
2321:15 May
2286:GOV.UK
2041:15 May
2016:15 May
1946:GOV.UK
1826:GOV.UK
1796:GOV.UK
1457:police
1388:Sweden
1337:Poland
1233:judges
1143:France
1074:Brazil
1020:France
922:, and
908:Hawaii
898:, and
886:, and
858:, and
856:Oregon
848:Nevada
803:, and
409:, and
403:charge
293:Canada
4600:Index
4466:Court
4410:Trial
4316:Judge
4157:Yassa
3960:Edict
3506:Civil
3459:Crime
3252:S2CID
3244:JSTOR
3192:JSTOR
2963:7 May
2887:
2843:
2818:
2793:
2768:
2358:(PDF)
2351:(PDF)
1985:(PDF)
1978:(PDF)
1302:Japan
1243:Italy
1229:corps
1199:bench
1024:Italy
912:Idaho
824:Texas
379:judge
377:or a
369:with
175:, or
152:judge
4348:Jury
4296:Fiqh
4152:Xeer
3550:Tort
3466:Deed
3365:CCPE
3324:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3116:2016
3020:2012
2992:2016
2965:2016
2938:2021
2889:U.S.
2845:U.S.
2820:U.S.
2795:U.S.
2770:U.S.
2747:2013
2709:2016
2683:2011
2657:2013
2631:2020
2603:See:
2589:2017
2563:2021
2536:2022
2493:2022
2458:2022
2425:2022
2366:2022
2323:2024
2298:2022
2257:2022
2220:2022
2181:2022
2150:2022
2098:2022
2043:2024
2018:2024
1993:2022
1958:2022
1928:2022
1898:2022
1868:2022
1838:2022
1808:2022
1778:2022
1724:2022
1685:2019
1654:See
1203:jury
1179:and
1022:and
896:Ohio
874:and
767:and
739:and
415:plea
383:jury
3420:Law
3377:IAP
3236:doi
3184:doi
3087:doi
2904:See
2885:295
2848:264
2841:360
2816:488
2798:150
2791:405
2766:373
1551:by
1437:).
1317:æ€ćŻćź
1231:as
1167:in
1070:).
986:or
953:in
870:in
755:or
365:or
301:or
211:in
85:Law
4625::
3854:/
3276:.
3250:.
3242:.
3232:34
3230:.
3190:.
3180:39
3178:.
3124:^
3106:.
3083:20
3081:,
3010:.
2982:.
2955:.
2928:.
2823:51
2773:83
2699:.
2621:.
2526:.
2483:.
2479:.
2466:^
2448:.
2444:.
2433:^
2415:.
2353:.
2314:.
2284:.
2247:.
2210:.
2206:.
2189:^
2171:.
2167:.
2140:.
2136:.
2123:^
2088:.
2084:.
2051:^
2034:.
2009:.
1980:.
1966:^
1948:.
1944:.
1918:.
1914:.
1888:.
1884:.
1858:.
1854:.
1824:.
1798:.
1794:.
1768:.
1714:.
1710:.
1693:^
1675:.
1671:.
1433::
1400::
1320:,
1112:.
998:,
918:,
914:,
910:,
906:,
894:,
882:,
854:,
850:,
846:,
842:,
838:,
834:,
830:,
826:,
822:,
818:,
799:,
795:,
723:.
648:.
341:.
163:A
154:,
150:,
146:,
142:,
87:,
3412:e
3405:t
3398:v
3260:.
3258:.
3238::
3198:.
3186::
3118:.
3089::
3022:.
2996:.
2994:.
2967:.
2940:.
2749:.
2711:.
2685:.
2659:.
2633:.
2608:.
2591:.
2565:.
2538:.
2495:.
2460:.
2427:.
2368:.
2325:.
2300:.
2259:.
2222:.
2183:.
2152:.
2100:.
2045:.
2020:.
1995:.
1960:.
1930:.
1900:.
1870:.
1840:.
1810:.
1780:.
1726:.
1687:.
1578:)
1572:(
1567:)
1563:(
1545:.
1429:(
1396:(
1349:(
1326:)
1314:(
1104:(
1066:/
1050:/
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.