487:
California working in independent pharmacies to remove tobacco products from their stores. We realized a nearly 80% success rate (currently 78% of independent pharmacies in
California are tobacco free). In July 2000, the Partnership changed its name to Prescription for Change to encourage chain pharmacies to go tobacco free as well. Overall, the mission of this project is to facilitate public education campaigns, advertisements, and media coverage that focus on increasing consumer awareness about pharmacies selling tobacco.
321:, a volume published annually until Volume 31, issued in April 1901. In that year it was recommended that, because the annual transactions were "an extravagant and unnecessary way of perpetuating the proceedings of the society, the more rational one of publishing a monthly journal" be adopted. Thus, The California State Journal of Medicine was revived. In 1924 its name was changed to California and Western Medicine, and in 1946 to California Medicine. Philip Mills Jones, M.D., is regarded as that journal's founder.
467:
State." CMA began on the principles that all patients of all ethnicities should be treated for their illnesses, and the CMA supplied the nation with some of its first ethnic medical leaders. Just as in 1857, the CMA continues to work toward bridging language and ethnic barriers with patients by placing new physicians in underserved areas of the state through the
Stephen M. Thompson Loan Forgiveness Program, and studying the effects of limited English proficiency on patient care.
395:(MICRA), a model for national medical liability reform. At the insistence of CMA physicians, MICRA kept patients whole and ensured compensation for their injuries while setting a cap on non-economic damages, going a long way in keeping malpractice insurance premiums affordable. CMA continued the fight to protect MICRA against a ballot measure funded by trial lawyers, eventually contributing to the loss of Proposition 46 in the November 2014 general election.
132:
66:
25:
293:(Sacramento) and Elias Cooper, M.D. (San Francisco)—both historical figures in their own right—organized that historic first meeting in 1856. Dr. Logan, a noted medical scholar, later reorganized the CMA after years of strife, reorganizing the society in 1875 and eventually serving as the state's Director of Public Health as well as president of the CMA and then the
415:(RICO) lawsuit against for-profit HMOs in California, alleging that they were using fraud and other illegal activities to interfere in the physician-patient relationship. Eventually, more than 800,000 physicians and 19 state and county medical association's joined the CMA as plaintiffs, becoming the largest class action health care lawsuit in U.S. history.
515:
In
January 2008, Audio-Digest Foundation and Marathon Multimedia became Learners Digest International (LDI). LDI was formed by Housatonic, who acquired and consolidated these two businesses formerly owned by the California Medical Association. In August 2015, LDI was acquired by Wolters Kluwer Health
490:
Beginning in 2000, PHC initiated its community involvement by launching the AWARE Project (Alliance
Working for Antibiotic Resistance Education), a nationally recognized project. In addition, there are many other health projects, public outreach programs, and physician conferences that point to PHC's
486:
New projects began in 1996 and 1997, such as ComPACT (tobacco education) and the
Physician Leadership Recognition Dinner. These programs established our position in the community as leaders of public health initiatives. The Pharmacy Partnership Project, begun in 1996, gathered pharmacists from across
418:
Of the 10 defendants, six settled (including the now merged Anthem/Wellpoint/Blue Cross), and three had their cases dismissed by the court. The settling health plans agreed to pay a combined $ 585 million in monetary damages. But of even greater value were the binding commitments made by the insurers
292:
Following the 1850 Sacramento cholera outbreak, the surviving physicians became close colleagues and friends, and they began to establish county medical societies. The first ones were established in
Sacramento and San Francisco. Each society stayed in touch, and society secretaries Thomas Logan, M.D.
482:
The CMA Foundation - renamed
Physicians for a Healthy California (PHC) in 2018 - primarily began in 1963 as a charitable arm of the California Medical Association, disbursing over $ 1 million in grants and loans to medical students. The CMA, while supporting the interests of California's physicians,
470:
In recent decades, the CMA House of
Delegates approved "mode-of-practice" forums to provide representation for physicians based on the type of practice they are in—solo/small group, medium, large and very large group, academic, hospital-based, or government employed. An ethnic physicians' forum also
410:
While the CMA had made some progress in the
Legislature, physicians were frustrated that despite three decades of legislative and regulatory efforts, health plans still ran roughshod over physicians and patients often could not get the care they needed. In 2000, in a historic action, the CMA filed a
499:
In
January 1996, the California Medical Association launched a new not-for-profit subsidiary, the Institute for Medical Quality (IMQ), to help improve the quality of care delivered to patients in California. Its programs include ambulatory care facility accreditation, the Consolidated Accreditation
390:
In 1975, the CMA preserved access to care for many when it forged ahead on a plan to keep medical malpractice rates affordable. Hearing the outcry of CMA physicians who had faced rate increases up to 400 percent, threatening practice viability, Governor Jerry Brown called together a special session
369:
A deadly cholera epidemic struck Sacramento in October 1850. Despite their unfamiliarity with these diseases, physicians remained committed to helping their patients. About 5,000 people in Sacramento and the surrounding areas died of cholera, and thousands of others deserted the area in fear of the
316:
John Frederick Morse, M.D., a historian and journal editor for the medical society who would form some of the first disciplinary and licensing terms for state physicians, is credited with starting the first journal of the Medical Society, starting with his own funds a short-lived publication called
483:
realized that it was important to help along future physicians during their educational years, and so remained as a source of resources for medical students until 1995, when Dr. Rolland C. Lowe, M.D., CMAF Board Chair, recommended that the Foundation expand its role to encompass community health.
386:
During the 20th century and beyond, the CMA has fought against tobacco use and smoking and insisted early on—in the face of criticism and fear of the newly found disease—that HIV and AIDS patients deserve needed health care. The CMA also advocated for broader immunization against disease and the
312:
Because travel was difficult in the early years, the society's focus remained in Northern California. Its counterpart, the Southern California Medical Society, was founded in 1898. County societies sprouted up throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s. Membership in the CMA cost $ 10 in 1900 and
373:
Dr. Morse noted physicians' remarkable commitment: "Not one educated physician turned his back upon the city in its distress and threatened destruction." The dead in the cholera epidemic included seventeen physicians, a third of the physician population of California. They are memorialized in a
466:
At the medical society's second annual session in 1857, the Committee on Education declared that at the very least German, French—but especially Spanish—should be part of a medical student's education, stating: "In no country in the world is there such a national admixture of languages as this
324:
The publication changed its name to The Western Journal of Medicine in 1974 as part of a proposal to establish a regional medical journal for the West. The Western Journal has been the official publication of the CMA, six research and specialty societies, and the state medical associations of
338:. In 1999, the CMA passed a resolution to work with the current osteopathic medical association, Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons of California, on issues that concern both M.D. and D.O. physicians. In 2005, the CMA opposed efforts to consolidate the D.O. and M.D. medical boards.
333:
In 1961, the CMA merged with the California Osteopathic Association. At the time, the CMA consisted of 40 medical societies, which were organized by county; after the merger, the COA became the 41st medical society. In 1975, full CMA membership was offered to qualified
398:
By the 1960s, it was clear to the CMA that the managed care industry needed oversight and regulation. In the 1970s, the CMA sponsored a key piece of legislation, the Knox-Keene Health Care Services Act. The law instituted financial and quality standards for
942:
304:
A credentials committee was established to "avoid admissions of unsuitable persons" as a result of controversy about which doctors were reputable. The Medical Society's first censor, Dr. Morse, served as the forerunner to the present-day
453:
introduced AB 890 to allow nurse practitioners in California to practice without physician oversight. The association, in partnership with conservative advocacy group Physicians for Patient Protection, lobbied against the bill. Governor
377:
The CMA also helped to establish some of the first blood banks and cornea banks in the West and helped create the California Tumor and Tissue Registry in 1947—what is today the second largest tumor and tissue registry in the world.
500:
and Licensure Survey program, continuing medical education accreditation and certification, correctional health care accreditation and membership, peer review consultations, extensive educational programs and research.
403:, set a basic minimum benefit package, required plans to ensure continuity of patient care, and protected the physician-patient relationship in health care decisions. In 2000, the CMA sponsored AB 1455, which gave the
1168:
313:
included malpractice insurance. To conform to name changes at other state medical associations and the American Medical Association, the society renamed itself the California Medical Association in 1923.
1328:
727:
1408:
664:
1373:
1288:
1147:
1368:
1348:
1293:
1238:
1338:
1173:
1258:
1343:
1333:
1233:
419:
to change the way they do business with physicians. These prospective commitments have been valued far in excess of the monetary relief, at well over $ 1 billion over four years.
1418:
1313:
745:
1303:
1253:
1464:
1298:
1223:
1213:
1203:
1178:
281:
of the state of California held its first meeting at Pioneer Hall on "J" Street in what is now Old Town Sacramento. The society's first president, Benjamin Franklin Keene,
1353:
1323:
325:
Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming for more than 20 years. The Journal stopped publishing after the British Medical Journal took over in 1998.
1413:
1263:
1228:
1140:
1388:
1183:
366:
of 1849. They dedicated their organization to "promote the science and art of medicine, protection of public health, and the betterment of the medical profession."
1439:
1248:
76:
1243:
1133:
567:
474:
Today, the California Medical Association has more than 50,000 members in all modes of practice and specialties representing the patients of California.
412:
318:
38:
317:
the California State Journal of Medicine. There were several revivals of publications over the years. In 1873, the society published the first
890:
404:
1208:
91:
1469:
1454:
1449:
713:
257:
Performed what were some of the first cornea transplants, and set up some of the first organ transplant guidelines in the country; and
943:"Wolters Kluwer Agrees to Acquire Learner's Digest International, a Leading Provider of Continuing Medical Education for Physicians"
217:
members in legislative, legal, regulatory, economic, and social issues. The organization was founded in 1856 and is a member of the
579:
682:
392:
298:
261:
153:
1459:
1089:
430:, which removes the personal belief exemption from school vaccination requirements. The bill was signed into law by Governor
916:
763:
1403:
571:
44:
960:
142:
146:
1198:
407:
the authority to levy penalties and fines against health plans that engage in unfair business and payment practices.
391:
of the legislature to discuss the malpractice cost crisis. They passed that year a collection of statutes called the
189:
113:
52:
1308:
450:
435:
400:
95:
1278:
1218:
1027:
1006:
865:
335:
1444:
1378:
1318:
1283:
1273:
582:, which accepts educational activities by ACCME-accredited organizations up to a certain number of credits).
439:
346:
The physicians who founded the Medical Society of the State of California were veterans in the fight against
164:
1363:
1358:
1157:
665:"CMA joins vaccine advocates to launch "I Heart Immunity" campaign in support of Senate Bill 277"
528:
294:
286:
218:
826:
1398:
306:
160:
83:
1125:
423:
1383:
297:. Dr. Cooper, an eye surgeon who had previously co-founded the Illinois Medical Society, would build
1193:
985:
540:
206:
434:
on June 30, 2015. The CMA was also a partner in the Save Lives California coalition, which passed
1393:
894:
374:
plaque at the historic Sacramento City Cemetery, with only one of them buried in a marked grave.
265:
764:"AB 890, Which Would Allow NPs To Work Without Physician Supervision, Moves To Governor's Desk"
532:
524:
509:
1049:
8:
575:
552:
1050:"Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): Changing the Rules"
850:
833:
282:
1085:
746:"Leading health organizations announce filing of statewide soda tax measure for 2020"
707:
544:
520:
689:
845:
443:
728:"Save Lives California launches $ 2 million campaign to raise state's tobacco tax"
362:—diseases that became prevalent in the newly minted lands of California after the
1079:
920:
477:
784:
87:
1433:
964:
512:
provider that was an affiliate of the California Medical Association (CMA).
455:
351:
248:
431:
427:
1155:
1078:
Reinsch, Sibylle; Seffinger, Michael; Tobis, Jerome (23 January 2009).
210:
563:
556:
536:
438:
to raise tobacco taxes by $ 2 per pack. CMA, in conjunction with the
363:
328:
214:
228:
members can access 5,000 pages of information in the organization's
812:
798:
359:
254:
Began looking at ways to fund healthcare for the poor in the 1930s;
562:
The organization is accredited to provide continuing education to
523:. It currently employs 70 full-time staff members and is based in
548:
355:
347:
1099:
1268:
260:
Started California's first medical schools, which later became
229:
491:
commitment to improving the health of California's residents.
478:
Physicians for a Healthy California (formerly CMA Foundation)
519:
The organization was established in 1953 and was founded by
599:
1120:
458:
signed the bill into law which goes into effect in 2023.
266:
University of California San Francisco School of Medicine
1028:"Continuing Medical Education - Audio-Digest Foundation"
1007:"Continuing Medical Education - Audio-Digest Foundation"
244:
Started the state public health department in the 1870s;
866:"Audio-Digest Foundation: About ADF: Mission Statement"
547:. These are typically audio tapes of meetings (such as
829:. San Francisco, California Medical Association. 1995.
568:
Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education
1077:
651:
634:
622:
1465:
Medical and health organizations based in California
94:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
600:"cmadocs > California Medical Association Home"
413:Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
329:Merger with the California Osteopathic Association
319:Transactions of the Medical Society of California
1431:
494:
1440:Medical associations based in the United States
986:"PETTIS, Jerry Lyle - Biographical Information"
884:
882:
647:
645:
643:
1141:
1020:
213:that advocates on behalf of more than 50,000
879:
640:
543:who subscribe. Programs are published on 15
251:compulsory for school-children in the 1880s;
387:implementation of the Affordable Care Act.
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1148:
1134:
628:
503:
1081:The Merger: M.D.S and D.O.S in California
963:. Audio-Digest Foundation. Archived from
849:
799:"Our Story > Affiliated Organizations"
616:
559:) at which experts present new research.
190:Learn how and when to remove this message
114:Learn how and when to remove this message
580:American Academy of Physician Assistants
574:'s Commission of Accreditation), and to
381:
1047:
16:Professional organization of physicians
1432:
888:
787:. Physicians for a Healthy California.
712:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
393:Medical Injury Compensation Reform Act
299:Stanford University School of Medicine
262:Stanford University School of Medicine
75:contains content that is written like
1129:
941:NV, Wolters Kluwer (14 August 2015).
572:American Nurses Credentialing Center
442:, has announced it intends to run a
204:California Medical Association (CMA)
125:
59:
18:
652:Reinsch, Seffinger & Tobis 2009
635:Reinsch, Seffinger & Tobis 2009
623:Reinsch, Seffinger & Tobis 2009
285:—also a state senator representing
13:
940:
14:
1481:
1470:History of medicine in California
1455:Organizations established in 1856
1450:1856 establishments in California
1114:
1048:Straube, Barry (September 2011).
893:. Meetingsnet.com. Archived from
889:Durham, Diana J. (July 1, 1997).
801:. California Medical Association.
551:, short courses at universities,
516:Division for $ 150 million cash.
508:The Audio-Digest Foundation is a
405:Department of Managed Health Care
34:This article has multiple issues.
815:. Institute for Medical Quality.
436:California Proposition 56 (2016)
130:
64:
23:
1041:
999:
978:
953:
934:
909:
858:
838:The Western Journal of Medicine
819:
805:
791:
777:
449:In 2021 Democratic Assemblyman
272:
42:or discuss these issues on the
1030:. Audio-digest.org. 2011-01-25
1009:. Audio-digest.org. 2011-01-25
756:
738:
720:
675:
657:
592:
422:In 2015, the CMA co-sponsored
226:California Medical Association
207:is a professional organization
1:
585:
495:Institute for Medical Quality
461:
440:California Dental Association
336:osteopathic physicians (D.O.)
1460:American Medical Association
1158:American Medical Association
535:(CME/CE) audio programs for
529:continuing medical education
527:. The organization produces
295:American Medical Association
219:American Medical Association
7:
785:"About Us > Our Mission"
341:
307:Medical Board of California
10:
1486:
1071:
426:, authored by Senator Dr.
424:California Senate Bill 277
289:—led the meeting of 1875.
268:(UCSF School of Medicine).
235:
1164:
541:health care professionals
240:The CMA and its leaders:
1156:State affiliates of the
1084:. Xlibris Corporation.
988:. Bioguide.congress.gov
947:GlobeNewswire News Room
504:Audio-Digest Foundation
277:On 12 March 1856, the
917:"Housatonic Partners"
844:(3). September 1995.
382:Politics and activism
96:neutral point of view
1445:Glendale, California
1209:District of Columbia
576:physician assistants
570:, to nurses (by the
533:continuing education
525:Glendale, California
510:continuing education
446:on the 2020 ballot.
161:improve this article
961:"Mission Statement"
165:independent sources
88:promotional content
868:. Audio-digest.org
90:and inappropriate
1427:
1426:
1091:978-1-4691-0251-1
521:Jerry Lyle Pettis
471:was established.
200:
199:
192:
182:
181:
152:largely based on
124:
123:
116:
57:
1477:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1121:Official website
1110:
1108:
1107:
1095:
1065:
1064:
1054:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1003:
997:
996:
994:
993:
982:
976:
975:
973:
972:
957:
951:
950:
949:(Press release).
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
919:. Archived from
913:
907:
906:
904:
902:
897:on April 4, 2012
886:
877:
876:
874:
873:
862:
856:
855:
853:
834:"Advertisements"
830:
823:
817:
816:
809:
803:
802:
795:
789:
788:
781:
775:
774:
772:
771:
760:
754:
753:
742:
736:
735:
724:
718:
717:
711:
703:
701:
700:
694:
688:. Archived from
687:
679:
673:
672:
661:
655:
654:, pp. 18–19
649:
638:
632:
626:
620:
614:
613:
611:
610:
596:
444:sugary drink tax
287:El Dorado County
195:
188:
177:
174:
168:
154:routine coverage
134:
133:
126:
119:
112:
108:
105:
99:
77:an advertisement
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1160:
1154:
1117:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1052:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1000:
991:
989:
984:
983:
979:
970:
968:
959:
958:
954:
939:
935:
926:
924:
915:
914:
910:
900:
898:
887:
880:
871:
869:
864:
863:
859:
832:
825:
824:
820:
811:
810:
806:
797:
796:
792:
783:
782:
778:
769:
767:
762:
761:
757:
744:
743:
739:
726:
725:
721:
705:
704:
698:
696:
692:
685:
683:"Archived copy"
681:
680:
676:
663:
662:
658:
650:
641:
633:
629:
621:
617:
608:
606:
604:www.cmadocs.org
598:
597:
593:
588:
506:
497:
480:
464:
384:
344:
331:
279:Medical Society
275:
238:
196:
185:
184:
183:
178:
172:
169:
158:
143:a press release
135:
131:
120:
109:
103:
100:
81:
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1483:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:South Carolina
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1334:North Carolina
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1115:External links
1113:
1112:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1040:
1019:
998:
977:
952:
933:
908:
878:
857:
827:"Audio-Digest"
818:
804:
790:
776:
755:
737:
719:
674:
656:
639:
637:, pp. 182
627:
615:
590:
589:
587:
584:
505:
502:
496:
493:
479:
476:
463:
460:
383:
380:
343:
340:
330:
327:
274:
271:
270:
269:
258:
255:
252:
245:
237:
234:
198:
197:
180:
179:
147:a news article
138:
136:
129:
122:
121:
92:external links
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1482:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1409:West Virginia
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:New Hampshire
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:Massachusetts
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1102:. cmadocs.org
1101:
1100:"CMA History"
1097:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1029:
1023:
1008:
1002:
987:
981:
967:on 2013-03-18
966:
962:
956:
948:
944:
937:
923:on 2015-09-18
922:
918:
912:
896:
892:
885:
883:
867:
861:
852:
847:
843:
839:
835:
828:
822:
814:
808:
800:
794:
786:
780:
765:
759:
751:
747:
741:
733:
729:
723:
715:
709:
695:on 2015-07-11
691:
684:
678:
670:
666:
660:
653:
648:
646:
644:
636:
631:
625:, pp. 15
624:
619:
605:
601:
595:
591:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
513:
511:
501:
492:
488:
484:
475:
472:
468:
459:
457:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
420:
416:
414:
408:
406:
402:
396:
394:
388:
379:
375:
371:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
339:
337:
326:
322:
320:
314:
310:
308:
302:
300:
296:
290:
288:
284:
280:
267:
263:
259:
256:
253:
250:
249:immunizations
246:
243:
242:
241:
233:
232:law library.
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
205:
194:
191:
176:
166:
162:
156:
155:
149:
148:
144:
139:This article
137:
128:
127:
118:
115:
107:
97:
93:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1374:South Dakota
1364:Rhode Island
1359:Pennsylvania
1339:North Dakota
1188:
1104:. Retrieved
1080:
1060:
1057:Audio-Digest
1056:
1043:
1032:. Retrieved
1022:
1011:. Retrieved
1001:
990:. Retrieved
980:
969:. Retrieved
965:the original
955:
946:
936:
925:. Retrieved
921:the original
911:
901:February 14,
899:. Retrieved
895:the original
891:"Newsmakers"
870:. Retrieved
860:
841:
837:
821:
807:
793:
779:
768:. Retrieved
766:. 2020-09-27
758:
749:
740:
731:
722:
697:. Retrieved
690:the original
677:
668:
659:
630:
618:
607:. Retrieved
603:
594:
561:
518:
514:
507:
498:
489:
485:
481:
473:
469:
465:
456:Gavin Newsom
448:
421:
417:
409:
397:
389:
385:
376:
372:
368:
352:encephalitis
345:
332:
323:
315:
311:
303:
291:
278:
276:
273:Organization
239:
225:
223:
203:
201:
186:
170:
159:Please help
151:
140:
110:
101:
86:by removing
82:Please help
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1289:Mississippi
1199:Connecticut
553:conferences
545:specialties
432:Jerry Brown
428:Richard Pan
173:August 2021
150:and may be
141:reads like
104:August 2021
1434:Categories
1404:Washington
1324:New Mexico
1319:New Jersey
1189:California
1106:2013-02-14
1034:2012-02-14
1013:2012-02-14
992:2012-02-14
971:2013-04-06
927:2015-10-22
872:2012-02-14
813:"About Us"
770:2021-06-23
699:2015-07-08
609:2023-04-12
586:References
564:physicians
537:physicians
462:Demography
211:California
84:improve it
39:improve it
1414:Wisconsin
1379:Tennessee
1284:Minnesota
1259:Louisiana
370:disease.
364:Gold Rush
215:physician
209:based in
45:talk page
1399:Virginia
1349:Oklahoma
1329:New York
1304:Nebraska
1294:Missouri
1279:Michigan
1269:Maryland
1254:Kentucky
1234:Illinois
1204:Delaware
1194:Colorado
1184:Arkansas
708:cite web
578:(by the
557:symposia
549:seminars
451:Jim Wood
360:smallpox
342:Medicine
264:and the
163:and add
1419:Wyoming
1394:Vermont
1299:Montana
1239:Indiana
1219:Georgia
1214:Florida
1179:Arizona
1169:Alabama
1072:Sources
851:1303038
750:cmadocs
732:cmadocs
669:cmadocs
566:by the
356:typhoid
348:cholera
236:History
1354:Oregon
1309:Nevada
1249:Kansas
1224:Hawaii
1174:Alaska
1088:
848:
230:health
1384:Texas
1264:Maine
1229:Idaho
1053:(PDF)
693:(PDF)
686:(PDF)
247:Made
1389:Utah
1344:Ohio
1244:Iowa
1086:ISBN
1063:(2).
903:2012
831:in:
714:link
555:and
539:and
401:HMOs
358:and
283:M.D.
224:The
202:The
846:PMC
842:163
145:or
1436::
1061:15
1059:.
1055:.
945:.
881:^
840:.
836:.
748:.
730:.
710:}}
706:{{
667:.
642:^
602:.
354:,
350:,
309:.
301:.
221:.
48:.
1149:e
1142:t
1135:v
1109:.
1094:.
1037:.
1016:.
995:.
974:.
930:.
905:.
875:.
854:.
773:.
752:.
734:.
716:)
702:.
671:.
612:.
531:/
193:)
187:(
175:)
171:(
167:.
157:.
117:)
111:(
106:)
102:(
98:.
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.