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96:, who served as Minister General from 1257 to 1274. Bonaventure paid scrupulous attention to the uniforms of friars, issuing a decree which made friars more discernible from the Umbrian peasants. Bonaventure's decree made it obligatory for the backs of capuches to be pointed and rounded at the front, with a round cowl marginally large enough to cover the head. His reform concerning capuches effectively removed the stigma which had been attached to them among Franciscans.
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A black capuche was typically worn daily while a white one was much fuller and often reserved for ceremonial occasions. Capuchin friars once were grey but later a brown cloak with capuche and sandals had become the norm. The
Cistercians wore a close-fitting
89:. In Medieval Spain, Muslims were forced to wear bright yellow capuches with a blue moon on the right shoulder and to live in enclosures (morerías) to chasten them for not being Christian.
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An elongated hood worn by friars was originally denoted as a symbol of punishment or shame. Indeed, there are testaments of the capuche being given to
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Papers of the
Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Volume 36
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The negative connotation associated with capuches appears to have been rescinded under
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in the latter half of the fifteenth century issued two different tunics, a
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31:) is a friar's cowl, a long, pointed hood which was typically worn by the
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The
Triumph of the Cross: The Passion of Christ in Theology and the Arts
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Regis J. Armstrong; J. A. Wayne
Hellmann; William J. Short (2000).
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The
Cyclopaedia; Or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences
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Joseph C. Schnaubelt; Frederick Van
Fleteren (1 Jan 1999).
259:. Capuchin Seminary of St. Anthony. 1947. pp. 172–76.
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The name, which is now the French word for "hood", is of
366:"The American Benedictine Review, Volume 53, Issue 3"
78:, founder of the Capuchin Franciscans in the 1520s.
257:"Round Table of Franciscan Research, Volumes 13-14"
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104:talare with a capuche worn over the tunic. The
205:. Holmes & Meier Publishers. p. 138.
331:Denis Diderot's The Encyclopedia: selections
273:Francis of Assisi: Early Documents, Volume 2
140:Augustine in Iconography: History and Legend
328:Stephen J. Gendzier; Denis Diderot (1967).
58:origin, derived from the Italian word
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232:. Oxford University Press. p. 167.
116:with a capuche for work purposes and a
85:or thrown into fires during the time of
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143:. Peter Lang Publishing. p. 404.
120:, a sleeveless cuculla worn at night.
372:, Incorporated. 2002. pp. 257–8.
276:. New City Press. pp. 47, 799.
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354:. Peabody Museum. 1949. p. 98.
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202:A History of Ecclesiastical Dress
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300:A History of Medieval Spain
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226:Richard Viladesau (2008).
305:Cornell University Press
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76:Matteo da Bascio
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199:Janet Mayo (1984).
167:. Merriam Webster's
189:, Volume 6, p.512.
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338:. pp. 78–82.
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106:Caeremoniae
72:Camaldolese
41:Augustinian
384:Categories
124:References
64:Late Latin
49:Cistercian
33:Franciscan
395:Capuchins
165:"Capuche"
110:Bursfelde
60:cappuccio
45:Carmelite
171:9 August
114:scapular
62:and the
37:Capuchin
118:floccus
102:cuculla
83:paupers
51:monks.
25:Capuche
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29:almuce
27:(also
68:cappa
66:word
47:, or
309:ISBN
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173:2019
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