580:
853:
241:
786:
289:
256:, and precipitous drops in circulation. The U.S. saw the loss of an average of two newspapers per week between late 2019 and May 2022, leaving an estimated 70 million people in places that are already news deserts and areas that are in high risk of becoming so. Prior to that steep decline, newspapers' weekday circulation had fallen 7% and Sunday circulation 4% in the United States, their greatest declines since 2010. If the trend continues, a third of newspapers will be lost by 2025, according to a 2022 study published by
306:'s arrival in the 1950s began the decline of newspapers as most people's source of daily news. But the explosion of the Internet in the 1990s increased the range of media choices available to the average reader while further cutting into newspapers' dominance as the source of news. Television and the Internet both bring news to the consumer faster and in a more visual style than newspapers, which are constrained by their physical format and their physical manufacturing and distribution. Competing mediums also offer
1388:
961:, such as that from newspapers' proprietary Web sites, are often a fraction of the sums generated by the previous advertisement- and circulation-driven revenue streams, and so newspapers have been forced to curtail their overhead while simultaneously trying to entice new users. With revenues plummeting, many newspapers have slashed news bureaus and journalists, while still attempting to publish compelling content—much of it more interactive, more lifestyle-driven and more celebrity-conscious.
1159:
1170:
167:
872:, has also changed the habits of readers. Instead of perusing general interest publications, such as newspapers, readers are more likely to seek particular writers, blogs or sources of information through targeted searches, rendering the agglomeration of newspapers increasingly irrelevant. "Power is shifting to the individual journalist from the news outlet with more people seeking out names through search, e-mail, blogs and social media," the industry publication
646:
66:
106:
25:
1201:, for instance, rank among the top 20 global news sites. But those consumers are now reading newspapers online for free, and although newspapers have been able to convert some of that viewership into ad dollars, it is a trickle compared to previous sources. At most newspapers, Web advertising accounts for only 10%–15% of revenues.
818:(WAN) painted a stark picture of the threat posed to newspapers by the search engine giants. "Perhaps never in the history of newspaper publishing has a single, commercial entity threatened to exert this much control over the destiny of the press," said the Paris-based global newspaper organization of the proposed pact.
1341:
Research has linked closures of newspapers to declines in civic engagement of citizens, increases in government waste, and increases in political polarization. The decline of local news has also been linked to the increased "nationalization" of local elections. As citizens have fewer opportunities to
1089:
With profits falling, many newspapers have cut back on their most expensive reporting projects—overseas bureaus and investigative journalism. Some investigative projects often take months, with their payoff uncertain. In the past, larger newspapers often devoted a portion of their editorial budget to
979:
The circulation decline, coupled with a 23% drop in 2008 newspaper ad revenues, have proven a double whammy for some newspaper chains. Combined with the current recession, the cloudy outlook for future profits has meant that many newspapers put on the block have been unable to find buyers, who remain
348:
As their revenues have been squeezed, newspapers have also been increasingly assailed by other media taking away not only their readers but their principal sources of profit. Many of these 'new media' are not saddled with expensive union contracts, printing presses, delivery fleets and overhead built
1303:
But even as pixels replace print, and as newspapers undergo wrenching surgery, necessitating deep cutbacks, reallocation of remaining reporters, and the slashing of decades-old overhead, some observers remain optimistic. What emerges may be "newspapers" unrecognizable to older readers, but which may
1149:
Observers point out that the reliability and accountability of newspapers is being replaced by a sea of anonymous bloggers, many with uncertain credentials and points of view. Where once the reader of a daily newspaper might consume reporting, for instance, by an established Cairo bureau chief for a
989:
in 2007, "it seems improbable that newspapers can survive with a cost structure at least 50% higher than their nimbler and cheaper
Internet competitors." The problem facing newspapers is generational: while in 2005 an estimated 70% of older Americans read a newspaper daily, fewer than 20% of younger
631:
shows that the number of newspapers per hundred million population fell from 1,200 (in 1945) to 400 in 2014. Over that same period, circulation per capita declined from 35 percent in the mid-1940s to under 15 percent. The number of newspaper journalists has decreased from 43,000 in 1978 to 33,000 in
370:
aren't those people putting reporters on the street in any number. Blogs cannot afford it." Many newspapers also suffer from the broad trend toward "fragmentation" of all media—in which small numbers of large media outlets attempting to serve substantial portions of the population are replaced by an
325:
have decimated the classified advertising departments of newspapers, some of which depended on classifieds for 70% of their ad revenue. Research has shown that
Craigslist cost the newspaper industry $ 5.4 billion from 2000 to 2007, and that changes on the classified side of newspaper business led to
1234:
In 2016, for the third year in a row, the CareerCast survey of the best and worst jobs in the U.S. reports that a newspaper reporter is the worst career. It pointed to fewer job prospects because of publications closing down, and declining ad revenue providing less money for salaries. Being an over
1238:
Depending on location and circumstances, each specific newspaper will face varied threats and changes. In some cases, new owners have increased their reliance on print, not trying to rely a lot more on digital services. However, in most cases, there is an attempt to find new revenue sources online
1085:
and consumer trust that newspapers have built over decades. But revenues from online editions have come nowhere near matching previous print income from circulation and advertising sales, since they get only about one-tenth to one-twentieth the revenue for a Web reader that they do for a print
3706:
In general, smaller newspapers are worth more in relative terms than large papers. "A newspaper in small-to-medium markets tends to be worth more on a relative basis than a big–city paper," notes longtime newspaper analyst John Morton. "Big cities tend to have more media outlets competing for
1034:
While newspaper companies continue to produce much of the award-winning journalism, consumers of that journalism are less willing to pay for it in a world where information on the Web is plentiful and free. Plans for Web-based subscription services have largely faltered, with the exception of
1215:, more people in the United States got their news for free on the Internet than paid for it by buying a newspaper or magazine. "With newspapers entering bankruptcy even as their audience grows, the threat is not just to the companies that own them, but also the news itself," observed writer
924:
Critics of the newspaper as a medium also argue that while today's newspapers may appear visually different from their predecessors a century ago, in many respects they have changed little and have failed to keep pace with changes in society. The technology revolution has meant that readers
3406:, "many in the mainstream media, including The New York Times, lost their veneer of unassailable trustworthiness for many readers and viewers, and it became clear that new media sources could be trusted — and indeed are often much quicker a correcting mistakes than old media sources."
797:
The challenges facing the industry are not limited to the United States, or even
English-speaking markets. Newspapers in Switzerland and the Netherlands, for instance, have lost half of their classified advertising to the Internet. At its annual convention slated for May 2009, in
1313:, "that the Web allows (okay, forces) them to concentrate on developing expertise in a narrower set of issues and interests, while helping journalists from other places and publications find new audiences." The 'newspaper' of the future, say Hirschorn and others, may resemble
326:
an increase in subscription prices, a decrease in display advertising rates, and impacted the online strategy of some newspapers. At the same time, newspapers have been pinched by consolidation of large department stores, which once accounted for substantial advertising sums.
600:
declined in 2017 and 2018 as well. In June 2018, a poll conducted by the Pew
Research Center revealed a 9% decline in digital circulation of newspapers during the year 2017, suggesting that revenue from newspapers online could not offset the decline in print circulation.
975:
for newspapers remain at 11%. But that figure is falling rapidly, and in many cases is inadequate to service the debt that some newspaper companies took on during better times. And while circulation has dropped 2% annually for years, that decline has accelerated.
587:
By March 2018, it was acknowledged that the digital circulation for major newspapers was declining as well, leading to speculation that the entire newspaper industry in the United States was dying off. Circulation for once promising online news sites such as
936:, the newspaper remains more popular than Internet and broadcast media. Even where the problems are felt most keenly, in North America and Europe, there have been recent success stories, such as the dramatic rise of free daily newspapers, like those of
1376:. The study supported the hypothesis that "the loss of professional expertise in coverage of local government has negative consequences for the quality of city politics because citizens become less informed about local policies and elections."
2070:
While newspapers earnings have suffered, the value of newspaper franchises has suffered more. Because the equity markets attempt to price future earnings, newspaper share values have swooned because of the uncertainty of their future revenue
840:, where the proliferation of free dailies helped bolster overall circulation figures. While Internet revenues are rising for the industry, the bulk of its Web revenues come from a few areas, with most revenue generated in the United States,
349:
over decades. Many of these competitors are simply 'aggregators' of news, often derived from print sources, but without print media's capital-intensive overhead. One estimate put the percentage of online news derived from newspapers at 80%.
542:
for having a share price below $ 1, in
September 2009, it was able to overcome this threat. Others have not been so lucky. In 2008 and 2009, three other U.S. newspaper chains have seen their shares delisted by the New York Stock Exchange.)
267:
and which have published their work online have had a significant rise in viewership. The decline of newspapers has various adverse consequences, in particular at the local level. Research has linked closures of newspapers to declines in
901:
Where once the ability to disseminate information was restricted to those with printing presses or broadcast mechanisms, the
Internet has enabled thousands of individual commentators to communicate directly with others through blogs or
1058:
initial pay service, lasted exactly two years before the company abandoned it. However, they later brought back paid services and now allow visitors only 10 free articles per month before requiring them to purchase a subscription.
772:
printed it's last daily edition, becoming a weekly only newspaper under the new name The London
Standard as it had become unprofitable to continue daily printing, with an increase in working from home and access to wi-fi on the
529:
chain of newspapers in 2005. Since its $ 6.5 billion Knight Ridder purchase, McClatchy's stock has lost more than 98% of its value. McClatchy subsequently announced large layoffs and executive pay cuts, as its shares fell into
968:, those cuts often spur more and deeper circulation declines—triggering more loss of ad revenues. "No industry can cut its way to future success," says industry analyst John Morton. "At some point the business must improve."
2689:
Google's CEO Eric
Schmidt recently revealed that the company had considered, but then abandoned, the thought of purchasing a newspaper itself or using its charitable arm to support news businesses seeking non-profit status.
2470:
1322:
Much of that experimentation may happen in the world's fastest-growing newspaper markets. "The number of newspapers and their circulation has declined the world over except in India and China," according to former
4503:
732:
committee report revealed that over 300 local newspaper titles closed between 2009 and 2019, and that those who remain are having to compete with fewer resources and journalists against online news providers.
921:. "If we do not take advantage of the current movement toward paid content, it will be the content creators—the people in this hall—who will pay the ultimate price and the content kleptomaniacs who triumph."
2983:
The troubles in the U.S. newspaper market, while acute, aren't universal. Large newspapers are suffering more than small. "The great majority of
America's 1200 daily newspapers are doing pretty well," notes
2558:
said, "this is an industry in crisis." The only previous cancellation of an ASNE annual convention since the group's creation in 1923 was in 1945. Since 1945 the industry has weathered 10 national economic
740:
said "With the shift towards online readership swallowing up traditional print revenues, many local newspapers which have served their communities for years have struggled to keep their heads above water".
1275:
in
January 2009, "is that for the foreseeable future our business will continue to be a mix of print and online journalism, with the growth online offsetting the (gradual, we hope) decline of print". The
813:
In September 2008, the World Association of Newspapers called for regulators to block a proposed Google–Yahoo! advertising partnership, calling it a threat to newspaper industry revenues worldwide. The
1226:
The closure of local newspapers has created a phenomenon of news deserts. A June 2022 report estimates that approximately 70 million Americans live in a county with one or no local news organization.
1090:
such efforts, but with ad dollars drying up, many papers are looking closer at the productivity of individual reporters, and judging speculative investments in investigative reports as non-essential.
3703:
Even as some large newspapers for sale in the United States have been unable to find buyers, the market for smaller community newspapers, which have faced less online competition, has held up better.
1861:
906:
services. Even open journalism projects like Knowledge have contributed to the reordering of the media landscape, as readers are no longer restricted to established print organs for information.
4318:
263:
To survive, newspapers are considering combining and other options, although the outcome of such partnerships has been criticized. Despite these problems, newspaper companies with significant
632:
2015. Other traditional news media have also suffered. Since 1980, the television networks have lost half their audience for evening newscasts; the audience for radio news has shrunk by 40%.
398:
With social media sites overtaking TV as a source for news for young people, news organisations have become increasingly reliant on social media platforms for generating traffic. A report by
252:
in the 21st century is region dependent. Data supports that in the U.S and Europe popularity and sales are wavering. In these regions, industry is facing slumping ad sales, the loss of much
1264:, Internet only. In the meantime, the transition from the printed page to whatever comes next will likely be fraught with challenges, both for the newspaper industry and for its consumers.
1345:
Studies have found that declines in employment in the newspaper industry have led to a massive reduction in the amount of political coverage by newspapers. A study published in 2021 in
1300:
journalism professor Mitchell Stephens has called for a turn toward "wisdom journalism" that will take a more evaluative, investigative, informed, and possibly even opinionated stance.
491:
called "a rock-bottom price" of less than $ 50 million—essentially a real estate purchase. (The newspaper was estimated to have been worth roughly $ 1 billion as recently as 2004.) The
1000:
were overtaking television as a source for news for young people and news organisations have become increasingly reliant on social media platforms for generating traffic. A report by
1587:
2988:
editor Mark Fitzgerald. "Even some of the big papers in the most troubled chains are still churning out profit margins in the high teens. That's three or four times the margins of
2334:
The bill would exempt from taxes newspapers income from advertising and subscriptions. and money spent on news gathering would be tax deductible. So far the bill has only Senator
929:. The expanding reach of broadband Internet access means such updates have become commonplace for many users, especially the more affluent, an audience cultivated by advertisers.
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2303:
317:
The Internet has also gone a step further than television in eroding the advertising income of newspapers, as — unlike broadcast media—it proves a convenient vehicle for
4811:
1412:
1204:
Some observers have compared the dilemma to that faced by the music industry. "What's going on in the news business is a lot like what's happening with music," said editor
4762:
2609:, a member of the World Association of Newspapers but representing 90% of American newspaper publishers, declined to endorse the WAN objections to the Google-Yahoo pact.
2161:
would have had $ 89 by December 2008 — a similar investment of $ 100 in group of the largest newspaper company stocks would have yielded just $ 18 by year end 2008.
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2173:
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edition familiar to older readers. It may become a hybrid, part-print and part-Internet, or perhaps eventually, as has happened with several newspapers, including the
2033:
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editor Paul Steiger, for instance, hopes that its 18 reporters will be able to release their investigative reports free, courtesy of partnerships with such outlets as
424:
Since the beginning of 2009, the United States has seen a number of major metropolitan dailies shuttered or drastically pruned after no buyers emerged, including the
1177:
Ironically, these dilemmas facing the newspaper industry come as its product has never been more sought-after. "The peculiar fact about the current crisis", writes
1532:
335:
once described the profits flowing from his stable of newspapers as "rivers of gold", but several years later said, "sometimes rivers dry up." "Simply put", wrote
1984:
1039:, which have been able to generate substantial revenues from subscribers whose subscriptions are often underwritten by corporate employers. (Subscriptions to the
4922:
421:
From 2005 to 2021, about 2,200 American local print newspapers closed. From 2008 to 2020, the number of American newspaper journalists fell by more than half.
2857:
2786:
1208:, a 43-year journalism veteran, who further added that free distribution of content through the Internet has caused "a total collapse of the business model".
495:, publisher of the eponymous bankrupt newspaper, fielded a meager $ 5 million cash bid, plus assumption of debt, for assets last claimed worth $ 310 million.
2552:
announced they were cancelling their annual convention due to the industry meltdown. In making the announcement, ASNE President Charlotte Hall, editor of
815:
807:
2672:. Social Science Research Network publishing working paper 17-37 of the Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. p. 37 (Fig. 3).
2229:
1093:
Some advocates have suggested that instead of investigative reports funded by newspapers, that non-profit foundations pick up the slack. The non-profit
993:"It is the fundamental problem facing the industry," writes newspaper analyst Morton. "It's probably not going away. And no one has figured a way out."
3398:, whose early reporting on the events leading to the war in Iraq went largely unchallenged in mainstream media. "In the run up to the Iraq war", says
1742:
345:, "if cable and satellite broadcasting, as well as the Internet, had come along first, newspapers as we know them probably would never have existed."
4801:
1342:
read about local politics, they are attracted to national sources (such as cable news) and begin to interpret local politics via national politics.
1150:
major newspaper, today that same reader might be directed by a search engine to an anonymous blogger with cloudy allegiances, training or ability.
725:. One industry report predicted that 1 in 10 UK print publications would cut its frequency of publication in half, go online only or shut in 2009.
2385:
1347:
3495:
4892:
4757:
1945:
177:
3312:
3189:
1235:
the air broadcaster was the third worst, and advertising sales is in the bottom 10. Average annual salary for print journalists is $ 37,200.
1001:
399:
3955:
3842:
2673:
4816:
4671:
3344:
1368:
in those cities. The data demonstrated that newspapers with relatively sharp cuts in newsroom staff had, on average, significantly reduced
2811:
4862:
4623:
2883:
1211:
The revenue streams that newspapers counted on to subsidize their product have changed irrevocably: in 2008, according to a study by the
925:
accustomed to waiting for a daily newspaper can now receive up-to-the-minute updates from Web portals, bloggers and new services such as
3388:
In response to charges of lack of credentials or unverified reporting, bloggers often point to their role in examining the reporting of
2146:, the figure would be higher except that the Exchange eased its listing requirements temporarily because of the global financial crisis.
2103:
4907:
4831:
3284:
2993:
2767:
2162:
2147:
1372:
in campaigns for mayor. The research also found evidence suggesting that lower levels of newsroom staffing were associated with lower
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in newspaper may go away, insist industry stalwarts, but the news will remain. "Paper is dying," said Nick Bilton, a technologist for
5087:
4917:
4545:
2351:
2313:
1304:
be more timely, more topical and more flexible. Less competition from other local printers will also be a major determining factor.
1294:, told an International Newsroom Summit in London that "We will stop printing the New York Times sometime in the future, date TBD."
4747:
4600:
2620:
1062:
Within the industry, there is little consensus on the best strategy for survival. Some pin their hopes on new technologies such as
964:
In response to falling ad revenues and plunging circulation, many newspapers have cut staff as well as editorial content, and in a
821:
Of the world's 100 best-selling daily newspapers, 74 are published in Asia—with China, Japan and India accounting for 62 of those.
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2580:
4841:
4638:
1957:
729:
4628:
2485:
2444:
913:
and plagiarists will soon have to pay a price for the co-opting of our content," Rupert Murdoch told the World Media Summit in
458:, slashed home delivery to three days a week, while prodding readers to visit the newspapers' Internet sites on other days. In
38:
3620:
2117:
5097:
4826:
4796:
4717:
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4266:
4197:
3965:
3786:
2716:
2183:
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475:
A number of other large, financially troubled newspapers are seeking buyers. One of the few large dailies finding a buyer is
3426:
1808:
4857:
4712:
4578:
3704:
2201:
2037:
1463:
879:
126:
80:
3870:
Dunaway, Johanna L.; Hitt, Matthew P.; Darr, Joshua P. (December 1, 2018). "Newspaper Closures Polarize Voting Behavior".
2426:
2252:
1836:
1510:
1142:
also announced that it would set aside funds for investigative reporting. Other industry observers are now clamoring for
2964:
1536:
371:
abundance of smaller and more specialized organizations, often aiming only to serve specific interest groups. So-called
5002:
4887:
4126:"Political Consequences of the Endangered Local Watchdog: Newspaper Decline and Mayoral Elections in the United States"
3519:
3407:
2929:
2082:
1994:
965:
2691:
4897:
4882:
4806:
2471:"More support needed to halt damaging decline of local journalism, DCMS Committee warns - Committees - UK Parliament"
1078:
magazine, have advocated a system that includes both subscriptions as well as micro-payments for individual stories.
225:
207:
148:
52:
1663:
1485:
5125:
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4170:(Temple University Press; 236 pages) uses fieldwork, archival research, and social-network analysis to analyze the
3710:
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2908:
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2562:
2549:
1407:
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has splintered audiences into smaller and smaller slivers. But newspapers have not been alone in this: the rise of
314:
allows advertisers to tailor their pitch to readers who have revealed what they are seeking—an enormous advantage.
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concerned with increasing competition, dwindling profits and a business model that seems increasingly antiquated.
579:
576:, increased earnings in 2008 despite a drop in newspaper profits, thanks to diversification away from publishing.
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having to employ large social media teams to optimise their posts and maximise traffic. Major publishers such as
115:
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4997:
4732:
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1432:
1422:
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810:
has titled the convention's subject "Newspapers Focus on Print & Advertising Revenues in Difficult Times".
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that are less based on print sales. How much further ad sales will decline cannot be predicted with accuracy.
5151:
4902:
4836:
4737:
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1631:
1427:
1254:
1903:
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warned that the print newspaper business could become loss-making within 5 years. On 19 September 2024, the
4821:
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4453:
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1722:
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1133:
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Some newspaper analysts believe the wisest move is embracing the Internet, and exploiting the considerable
704:
4431:
Future of Newspapers, Walter Isaacson, Mort Zuckerman, Robert Thomson, Charlie Rose Show, charlierose.com
511:
477:
4054:
Turkel, Eray; Saha, Anish; Owen, Rhett Carson; Martin, Gregory J.; Vasserman, Shoshana (July 27, 2021).
2738:
2157:
Financial returns on newspaper stocks have been dismal for a decade. An investor who put $ 100 into the
4607:
4344:
3584:
3563:
3052:
1696:
1668:
1287:
1248:
985:
432:
189:
44:
280:. The decline of local news has also been linked to the increased nationalization of local elections.
5017:
4927:
4595:
4568:
4435:
4308:
3727:
3505:
2525:
2339:
1333:. "The world is becoming more digital but technology has helped newspapers as much as the Internet."
1046:
s paid Web site were up 7% in 2008.) Some general-interest newspapers, even high-profile papers like
353:
1607:
1194:
1097:, a $ 10-million-a-year foundation devoted solely to investigative reporting and overseen by former
5012:
4767:
4643:
4531:
3322:
3199:
2043:
1286:, "but it's just a device. Replacing it with pixels is a better experience." On September 8, 2010,
852:
745:
4366:
2893:
302:
The newspaper industry has always been cyclical, and the industry has weathered previous troughs.
4722:
4590:
4323:
4252:
3168:
3147:
3120:
2662:
2143:
2018:
1989:
1352:
1324:
1216:
1190:, "is that even as big papers have become less profitable they've arguably become more popular."
1023:
765:
539:
487:
438:
257:
4125:
3005:
1004:
described how a 'second wave of disruption' had hit news organisations, with publishers such as
546:
Other newspaper company valuations have been similarly punished: the stocks of Gannett Company,
402:
described how a 'second wave of disruption' had hit news organisations, with publishers such as
4742:
4475:
2888:
1602:
857:
613:
515:
384:
318:
277:
253:
185:
119:
4504:"The Scariest Thing about the Newspaper Business Isn't Print's Decline, It's Digital's Growth"
3649:
620:. The Newspaper Revitalization Act would allow newspapers to operate as nonprofits similar to
5039:
4992:
4388:
4008:
3747:
2985:
2711:
2308:
2178:
1944:
Some estimate that of the 50 largest daily newspaper in America, 19 are operating in the red.
1887:
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1369:
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reader; many struggle to maintain their previous levels of reporting amidst eroding profits.
874:
628:
522:
492:
3579:
3369:
3294:
983:"As succeeding generations grow up with the Web and lose the habit of reading print", noted
5115:
4067:
1360:
734:
380:
4307:"Newspapers as Luxury Goods: Murdoch and Sulzberger Have More in Common Than It Appears",
4246:
The Decline of the Daily Newspaper: How an American Institution Lost the Online Revolution
2363:
130:
83:. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
8:
5075:
5007:
3669:
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3353:
2969:
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2206:
2121:
1588:"Responses to Entry in Multi-Sided Markets: The Impact of Craigslist on Local Newspapers"
1315:
1297:
1212:
1198:
1193:
As the demand for news has exploded, so have consumers of the output of newspapers. Both
1138:
1026:(AI) technology to post stories more effectively and generate higher volumes of traffic.
942:
621:
583:
In 2021, an abandoned newspaper box in Mesa, Arizona with a newspaper from 3 years prior.
426:
321:, particularly in categories such as jobs, vehicles, and real estate. Free services like
240:
4071:
3263:
2858:"Abandoning the News, Carnegie Reporter, Carnegie Corporation of New York, carnegie.org"
1364:
matched 11 local newspapers in California to the municipalities they cover and analyzed
707:
said job cuts would be deeper than expected, spanning its newspapers, which include the
659:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
408:
having to employ large social media teams to optimise their posts and maximise traffic.
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advertising, and big–city newspapers are more likely to have onerous union contracts."
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Elaine C. Kamarck and Ashley Gabriele, "The news today: 7 trends in old and new media"
2048:
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found that the average share of news stories in local newspapers in the U.S. that were
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894:
774:
521:
Some newspaper chains that have purchased other papers have seen stock values plummet.
503:
448:
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3982:
3665:"Arthur Sulzberger: 'We Will Stop Printing The New York Times Sometime In The Future'"
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2359:
1748:
1740:
1393:
997:
709:
535:
358:
4237:
3957:
The Increasingly United States: How and Why American Political Behavior Nationalized
2843:
2448:
2279:
2013:
1882:
4223:
4137:
4093:
4075:
4020:
3918:
3879:
3815:
3774:
3245:
2554:
2513:
2502:
2486:"Mirror publisher's boss warns print titles could become loss-making in five years"
2158:
1998:
1612:
1442:
1187:
1063:
1018:
972:
889:
860:
shows a rise in audio-visual and digital advertising at the expense of print media.
790:
785:
769:
699:
693:
print edition ceased circulation. In January, the chain Associated Newspapers, now
454:
376:
337:
329:
288:
273:
269:
4436:
A Web Site's For-Profit Approach to World News, The New York Times, March 22, 2009
1050:, were forced to experiment with their initial paid Internet subscription models.
5051:
4554:
4410:
4393:
4349:
4322:"Washington Post appears to be a dinosaur – but has already evolved",
4256:
3819:
3803:
3714:
3601:"4 Michigan Markets Will Lose Daily Newspapers, As Ailing Industry Tries to Cope"
3500:
3317:
3194:
2943:
2839:
2816:
2566:
1866:
1329:
1123:
1074:
910:
903:
865:
721:
703:
as it announced a 24% decline in 2008 ad revenues. In March 2009, parent company
682:
612:
to introduce a bill in March 2009 allowing newspaper companies to restructure as
572:
555:
547:
469:
459:
3559:"Overload!, Journalism's Battle for Relevance in an Age of Too Much Information"
909:
But the search engine experience has left some newspaper proprietors cold. "The
4966:
4912:
4696:
4313:
4300:
4228:
4211:
3479:
3094:
3047:
2663:"Measuring the "Free" Digital Economy Within the GDP and Productivity Accounts"
2661:
Nakamura, Leonard I.; Samuels, Jon; Soloveichik, Rachel H. (October 24, 2017).
2583:. Paris, France: World Association of Newspapers. February 2009. Archived from
2087:
1701:
1179:
958:
841:
837:
677:
563:
482:
464:
392:
342:
332:
3923:
3906:
5140:
4681:
4676:
4659:
4141:
4089:
4032:
3932:
3891:
3545:
3395:
2545:
2530:
1373:
1006:
825:
754:
605:
551:
526:
499:
404:
388:
372:
311:
4080:
1169:
4508:
4328:
4207:
4107:
3268:
2257:
1809:"Print still has a future, and Le Monde can prove it. Aux armes, citoyens!"
1636:
1616:
1309:
1242:
Ultimately, the newspaper of the future may bear little resemblance to the
1205:
1158:
1107:
760:
737:
715:
559:
525:, the nation's third-largest newspaper company, was the only bidder on the
507:
3778:
1136:, a national organization of over 200 similar independent news providers.
5045:
4686:
4295:
4181:
3883:
2647:
2400:
1931:
1779:
1673:
1401:
1268:
833:
567:
531:
498:
Large newspaper chains filing bankruptcy as of February 2009 include the
307:
3708:
3073:
2581:"Newspapers Focus on Print & Advertising Revenue in Difficult Times"
2560:
1717:
4495:
4415:
4024:
3546:"Newspaper reporter rated worst job in America", FOX5NY, 14 April, 2000
3374:
2989:
2335:
1113:
1094:
951:
609:
593:
322:
303:
2230:"How new media firms such as Vice and BuzzFeed are losing their gloss"
1121:
founded an alternative, locally-based nonprofit online newspaper, the
4056:"A method for measuring investigative journalism in local newspapers"
1908:
1664:"Buffeted: Newspapers Are Paying the Price for Shortsighted Thinking"
1243:
886:
799:
749:
694:
617:
597:
4009:"Paper Cuts: How Reporting Resources Affect Political News Coverage"
3907:"Local News, Information, and the Nationalization of U.S. Elections"
3345:""Huffington Plans Investigative Journalism Venture", David Bauder,
2965:"A Newspaper Chain Sees Its Future, And It's Online and Hyper-Local"
2569:
4961:
4278:
Changing the News: The Forces Shaping Journalism in Uncertain Times
3241:
2948:
1068:
1012:
947:
589:
442:
narrowly averted closure when employees made steep concessions. In
4523:
3770:
News Hole: The Demise of Local Journalism and Political Engagement
2930:"Google Executive, N.Y. Times Wrestle in New Jersey for Local Ads"
1741:
Richard Campbell; Christopher R. Martin; Bettina G. Fabos (2008).
3285:"Letter from Washington: A Vibrant Democracy Requires Newspapers"
1307:"Journalistic outlets will discover", wrote Michael Hirschorn in
1143:
926:
914:
558:'s stock faring better than most, thanks to diversification into
443:
4440:
2142:
With three large newspaper chains having been booted out of the
468:, said it would cease publishing on March 21, 2009, when parent
4946:
List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great Recession
4168:
Rebuilding the News: Metropolitan Journalism in the Digital Age
4123:
937:
869:
367:
363:
352:"Newspapers are doing the reporting in this country," observed
2174:"Pearson 2008 Profit Up — No Thanks to 'Financial Times'"
680:, newspaper publishers have been similarly hit. In late 2008,
554:
traded at less than two dollars per share by March 2009, with
2120:(Press release). McClatchy. September 4, 2009. Archived from
1413:
Social media and political communication in the United States
1277:
1132:
was shut down, and not long afterward joined what is now the
1082:
933:
918:
803:
264:
176:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
4781:
4443:
Tracks newspaper closings, openings, mergers, format changes
4258:
Losing the News: The Future of the News That Feeds Democracy
2621:"Newspapers Worldwide (Minus U.S.) Oppose Google-Yahoo Deal"
1697:"Out of Print: The Death and Life of the American Newspaper"
1464:"Report Details the Expansion of News Deserts Across the US"
1404:, a community that is no longer covered by daily journalists
624:
companies, barring them from making political endorsements.
2707:"Specifics on Newspapers from 'State of News Media' Report"
1883:"Workers OK Deal in Effort to Save San Francisco Chronicle"
829:
411:
3983:"Loss of newspapers contributes to political polarization"
3367:
2660:
2445:"Journalism Job Losses: Tracking Cuts Across the Industry"
2304:"Senate Bill Would Allow Tax-Exempt Status for Newspapers"
2280:"Trends and Facts on Newspapers | State of the News Media"
1837:"Local news deserts are expanding: Here's what we'll lose"
1319:
more than anything flung at today's stoops and driveways.
4812:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
3449:"Statistics of U.S. Businesses 2012 Historical Data Page"
3520:"US newspapers continuing to die at rate of 2 each week"
2044:"Freedom Communications Files for Bankruptcy Protection"
1511:"Newspaper Execs Treading Carefully on Anti-trust Laws"
4923:
National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession
2352:"A Morning-After Take on the Nonprofit Newspaper Bill"
2253:"The Media's Post-Advertising Future Is Also Its Past"
898:, "each of us is our own editor, our own gatekeeper."
3368:
Nichols, John; Robert W. McChensey (March 18, 2009).
2036:. Associated Press. February 23, 2009. Archived from
4275:
4053:
3006:"Newspaper Circulation Continues to Decline Rapidly"
2768:"What newspaper history says about newspaper future"
2650:. The Local, Sweden's News in English. June 2, 2008.
2387:
Center for Effective Public Management at Brookings,
1383:
836:, but fell in other regions of the world, including
4367:"As Cities Go From Two Papers to One, Talk of Zero"
1958:"San Diego Union-Tribune being sold to equity firm"
1533:"The Newspaper Economic Action Plan: A sense check"
816:
World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers
808:
World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers
777:being cited as reasons for declining circulation.
752:who owns several national newspapers including the
5042:(Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Asia; 2009)
4342:
4185:
4119:
4117:
3843:"The Hidden Costs of Losing Your City's Newspaper"
3121:"Times to Stop Charging for Parts of Its Web Site"
2202:"A once unimaginable scenario: No more newspapers"
1802:
1800:
174:The examples and perspective in this introduction
3370:"The Death and Life of Great American Newspapers"
2787:"'Knowledge Revolution' United Users on Internet"
2200:McLennan, Douglas; Miles, Jack (March 21, 2018).
5138:
4850:
3804:"Dead Newspapers and Citizens' Civic Engagement"
3728:"A Web Site's For-Profit Approach to World News"
2514:https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cyrr0yex40yo
2503:https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/ckgvl44nq2no
2118:"McClatchy Receives Compliance Notice From NYSE"
1585:
4498:, tracks layoffs and buyouts at U.S. newspapers
4114:
4060:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3869:
3148:"Can I get a subscription to NYTimes.com only?"
2809:
2034:"More Newspaper Shake-ups Loom with Chapter 11"
2012:Ovide, Shira; Adams, Russell (March 19, 2009).
1904:"Newspaper Closings Raise Fears About Industry"
1797:
1164:Newspaper Association of America published data
1066:or radical revisions of the newspaper, such as
192:, or create a new introduction, as appropriate.
4893:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
4758:Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight
4447:Newspaper Death Watch, newspaperdeathwatch.com
4294:"Why India's Newspaper Industry is Thriving",
3578:Richman, Dan; James, Andrea (March 17, 2009).
3095:"So you think you chose to read this article?"
2812:"Murdoch Blasts Search Engine 'Kleptomaniacs'"
2700:
2698:
2250:
2227:
1862:"Seattle Post-Intelligencer to Go Online Only"
1355:had declined significantly beginning in 2018.
436:, reduced to a bare-bones Internet operation.
4539:
3580:"Seattle P-I to Publish Last Edition Tuesday"
2297:
2295:
2293:
2199:
1002:Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
950:market, local weekly shoppers, and so-called
878:noted in summarizing a recent study from the
562: — and away from publishing. Similarly,
400:Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
4817:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
3766:
3577:
3262:Hirschorn, Michael (January–February 2009).
3257:
3255:
2654:
1773:
1771:
1586:Seamans, Robert; Zhu, Feng (February 2014).
764:as well as several local titles such as the
4343:Edgecliffe-Johnson, Andrew (May 17, 2009).
4188:Googled: The End of the World As We Know It
3767:Hayes, Danny; Lawless, Jennifer L. (2021).
3650:"Times Techie Envisions The Future of News"
3242:"Chronicle of the Newspaper Death Foretold"
2695:
2648:"Newspapers see sales and ad revenue climb"
2195:
2193:
1173:Number of newspapers in the United States
244:Newspapers on sale in Rome, Italy, May 2005
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4954:
4908:Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009
4832:Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
4546:
4532:
4364:
4124:Meghan E. Rubado; Jay T. Jennings (2020).
3598:
3557:Nordenson, Bree (November–December 2008).
3472:
3119:Perez-Pena, Richard (September 18, 2007).
3118:
3086:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3003:
2301:
2290:
2011:
1632:"Murdoch Predicts Gloomy Future for Press"
1557:
1117:. The online editor of the aforementioned
868:, primarily through large engines such as
395:is another example of this fragmentation.
310:moving images and sound. And the Internet
129:. Please do not remove this message until
5088:Effects of the Great Recession on museums
4918:Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008
4802:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit
4227:
4212:"New economic models for U.S. journalism"
4097:
4079:
3922:
3904:
3556:
3261:
3252:
2104:"Newspaper Winners and Losers: McClatchy"
1901:
1780:"Young using social media to access news"
1777:
1768:
1606:
1483:
1267:"My expectation," wrote executive editor
946:, as well as papers targeted towards the
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
208:Learn how and when to remove this message
149:Learn how and when to remove this message
4782:Government policy and spending responses
4748:Government National Mortgage Association
4501:
4454:"The Paper that doesn't want to be free"
4408:
4006:
3621:"Talk to the Newsroom: Executive Editor"
3493:
3187:
3181:
3004:Perez-Pena, Richard (October 27, 2008).
2927:
2838:
2190:
2101:
2080:
1985:"Platinum's Newspaper Deal: Not A Trend"
1929:
1694:
1657:
1655:
1629:
1560:"How Did Newspapers Get In This Pickle?"
1461:
1168:
1157:
851:
784:
578:
412:Performance in the market (2000–present)
287:
239:
125:Relevant discussion may be found on the
79:Relevant discussion may be found on the
4842:2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package
4451:
4276:Lowrey, Wilson; Gade, Peter J. (2011).
4180:
3953:
3473:Surowiecki, James (December 22, 2008).
3411:
3306:
3304:
3225:. ValleyWag, Gawker.com. Archived from
3167:Kristof, Nicholas D. (March 18, 2009).
3166:
3071:
3060:
3045:
3024:
2844:"News Has a Bright Future, Author Says"
2427:"UK Daily Mail group to cut 1,000 jobs"
2401:"Independent to cease as print edition"
2360:The Poynter Institute for Media Studies
2349:
2014:"San Diego Paper Lands Fire-Sale Buyer"
1806:
1029:
971:Overall, in the United States, average
856:Advertising revenue as a percent of US
847:
730:Department for Culture, Media and Sport
5139:
4386:
4365:Perez-Pena, Richard (March 12, 2009).
3980:
3865:
3863:
3801:
3725:
3647:
3599:Perez-Pena, Richard (March 23, 2009).
3239:
3220:
2962:
2784:
2765:
2483:
1955:
1930:Rotstein, Arthur H. (March 16, 2009).
1880:
1662:Morton, John (October–November 2007).
1661:
4827:Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
4797:Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008
4780:
4718:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
4527:
4502:Thompson, Derek (December 19, 2012).
4474:Evans, Sir Harold (August 20, 2009).
4473:
4261:. New York: Oxford University Press.
4251:
4206:
4013:American Journal of Political Science
3840:
3692:Beyond News: The Future of Journalism
3494:Isaacson, Walter (February 5, 2009).
3188:Isaacson, Walter (February 5, 2009).
3092:
3072:Massing, Michael (December 1, 2005).
2906:
2640:
2618:
1982:
1831:
1829:
1715:
1652:
1072:; others, like a 2009 cover story in
534:territory. (Although McClatchy faced
283:
4713:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
4409:Alterman, Eric (February 11, 2009).
3726:Jensen, Elizabeth (March 22, 2009).
3662:
3310:
3301:
3282:
3046:Kuttner, Robert (March–April 2007).
2810:Alistair Dawber (October 10, 2009).
2704:
2679:from the original on March 20, 2021.
2619:Helft, Miguel (September 15, 2008).
2251:Derek Thompson (December 31, 2018).
2228:Jasper Jackson (November 27, 2018).
1630:Plunkett, John (November 24, 2005).
1535:. idio. June 4, 2009. Archived from
880:Project for Excellence in Journalism
639:
462:, the state's oldest newspaper, the
160:
99:
59:
18:
5003:Collateralized mortgage obligations
4553:
3860:
2944:"Economy 'Threatens' News Accuracy"
2909:"Is There a Future for Newspapers?"
2302:Fitzgerald, Mark (March 24, 2009).
2102:Hennelly, William (March 9, 2009).
1902:Lieberman, David (March 17, 2009).
1558:Fitzgerald, Mark (March 18, 2009).
13:
4411:"Save the News, Not the Newspaper"
4387:Kamiya, Gary (February 17, 2009).
4248:(Peter Lang Publishing; 306 pages)
4160:
3981:Bauder, David (January 30, 2019).
3663:Shea, Danny (September 10, 2010).
3313:"The Nightly News, Not for Profit"
3283:Hunt, Albert R. (March 22, 2009).
3240:Shafer, Jack (November 30, 2006).
3027:"Can the Washington Post Survive?"
2963:Ahrens, Frank (December 4, 2006).
2447:. journalism.co.uk. Archived from
1983:Rossa, Jennifer (March 19, 2009).
1932:"Tucson Citizen to Close March 21"
1826:
1744:Media and Culture with 2009 Update
1716:Baker, Russell (August 16, 2007).
1484:Abernathy, Penny (June 29, 2022).
1162:US Newspaper Advertising Revenue
697:, sold a controlling stake in the
14:
5163:
5098:2007–2008 world food price crisis
4898:Chinese economic stimulus program
4883:2008 European Union stimulus plan
4807:Commercial Paper Funding Facility
4452:Pfanner, Eric (August 16, 2009).
4336:
3911:American Political Science Review
3694:(Columbia University Press; 2014)
3652:. Wired Magazine, blog.wired.com.
3221:Thomas, Owen (February 5, 2009).
2785:Ratner, Andrew (March 17, 2009).
2766:Shafer, Jack (January 28, 2006).
2705:Saba, Jennifer (March 16, 2009).
2484:Sweney, Mark (January 23, 2024).
2081:Alterman, Eric (March 31, 2008).
1956:Spagat, Elliot (March 19, 2009).
1778:Wakefield, Jane (June 15, 2016).
1695:Alterman, Eric (March 31, 2008).
635:
34:This article has multiple issues.
5126:List of countries by public debt
4753:National Asset Management Agency
4047:
4000:
3974:
3947:
3898:
3834:
3795:
3760:
3425:. March 14, 2012. Archived from
3423:Newspaper Association of America
3293:. Bloomberg News. Archived from
2928:Mullaney, Tim (March 10, 2009).
2907:Myers, Jack (October 27, 2008).
2739:"The Daily Me, Nicholas Kristof"
2607:Newspaper Association of America
2550:American Society of News Editors
2350:Edmonds, Rick (March 25, 2009).
2286:. Journalism.com. June 13, 2018.
1822:– via www.theguardian.com.
1807:Preston, Peter (July 31, 2016).
1462:Stenberg, Mark (June 29, 2022).
1408:Mass media and American politics
1386:
686:announced job cuts, and in 2016
644:
416:
165:
104:
64:
23:
5081:2008 Central Asia energy crisis
4998:Collateralized debt obligations
3960:. University of Chicago Press.
3841:Capps, Kriston (May 30, 2018).
3748:"Newspapers have bright future"
3740:
3719:
3697:
3684:
3656:
3648:Singel, Ryan (March 10, 2009).
3641:
3613:
3592:
3571:
3550:
3538:
3512:
3487:
3466:
3441:
3382:
3361:
3337:
3276:
3233:
3214:
3160:
3140:
3112:
3039:
3025:Gunther, Marc (July 26, 2007).
3018:
2997:
2977:
2956:
2936:
2921:
2900:
2876:
2850:
2832:
2803:
2778:
2759:
2731:
2683:
2612:
2599:
2573:
2538:
2518:
2507:
2496:
2477:
2463:
2437:
2419:
2393:
2378:
2343:
2328:
2272:
2244:
2221:
2182:. March 2, 2009. Archived from
2166:
2151:
2136:
2110:
2095:
2074:
2064:
2026:
2005:
1976:
1949:
1938:
1923:
1895:
1881:Rogers, Paul (March 14, 2009).
1874:
1854:
1734:
1709:
481:, which agreed to be sold to a
42:or discuss these issues on the
4888:2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
4733:Federal Housing Finance Agency
4728:Federal Housing Administration
3773:. Cambridge University Press.
3311:Cruz, Gilbert (July 9, 2008).
2892:. July 4, 2005. Archived from
2884:"Net to Newspapers: Drop Dead"
1688:
1623:
1579:
1551:
1525:
1503:
1477:
1455:
1433:History of Canadian newspapers
1423:History of American newspapers
430:, closed in February, and the
1:
4903:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
4837:Troubled Asset Relief Program
4763:Office of Financial Stability
4738:Federal Housing Finance Board
4672:Société Générale trading loss
3905:Moskowitz, Daniel J. (2020).
3093:Smith, Mark (July 22, 2016).
2605:In an interesting twist, the
2548:in February 2009, the annual
2159:Standard and Poor's 500 Index
1448:
1428:History of British newspapers
1358:A study published in 2020 in
1255:The Christian Science Monitor
608:newspaper market led senator
560:educational training programs
4822:Irish emergency budget, 2009
4441:Dynamic World of Print Media
4345:"Media's Want to Break Free"
3820:10.1080/10584609.2012.762817
3496:"How to Save Your Newspaper"
3290:International Herald Tribune
3223:"How Not to Save Newspapers"
3190:"How to Save Your Newspaper"
3079:The New York Review of Books
1997:on July 4, 2009 – via
1723:The New York Review of Books
1438:History of French journalism
1290:, Chairman and Publisher of
1134:Institute for Nonprofit News
885:"When we go online", writes
824:Sales of newspapers rose in
780:
705:Daily Mail and General Trust
514:, Sun-Times Media Group and
7:
4192:. New York: Penguin Press.
3954:Hopkins, Daniel J. (2018).
2526:"Who Killed the Newspaper?"
1513:. Nieman Labs. May 28, 2009
1379:
1146:to the newspaper industry.
932:In some countries, such as
556:The Washington Post Company
512:Philadelphia Newspapers LLC
478:The San Diego Union-Tribune
188:, discuss the issue on the
131:conditions to do so are met
10:
5168:
5121:2007–2008 financial crisis
5013:Mortgage-backed securities
4624:Automotive industry crisis
4229:10.1162/daed.2010.139.2.26
3585:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
3564:Columbia Journalism Review
3053:Columbia Journalism Review
1934:. MSNBC. Associated Press.
1747:. Macmillan. p. 307.
1669:American Journalism Review
1249:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
1229:
1223:in a January 2009 column.
1022:increasingly use advanced
986:Columbia Journalism Review
864:The increasing use of the
433:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
272:of citizens, increases in
16:Decline of newspaper sales
5111:
5068:
5026:
5018:Secondary mortgage market
4983:
4939:rescues, and acquisitions
4937:Government interventions,
4936:
4928:Zero interest-rate policy
4875:
4787:
4776:
4705:
4652:
4639:Housing market correction
4616:
4561:
4244:Herndon, Keith L. (2012)
3924:10.1017/S0003055420000829
2431:The Sydney Morning Herald
1486:"The State of Local News"
1336:
1153:
844:and Asia-Pacific region.
653:This section needs to be
604:The deterioration in the
387:in countries such as the
186:improve this introduction
73:This article needs to be
5036:(United States; c. 2009)
4768:UK Financial Investments
4653:Banking losses and fraud
4644:Subprime mortgage crisis
4629:California budget crisis
4176:Philadelphia Daily News.
4142:10.1177/1078087419838058
3872:Journal of Communication
1718:"Goodbye to Newspapers?"
973:operating profit margins
866:Internet search function
508:Minneapolis Star Tribune
504:Journal Register Company
472:failed to find a buyer.
5054:(worldwide; 2011–2012)
4993:Auction rate securities
4723:Federal Home Loan Banks
4389:"The death of the news"
4280:. New York: Routledge.
4166:Anderson, C.W. (2013).
4081:10.1073/pnas.2105155118
4007:Peterson, Erik (2020).
3808:Political Communication
2144:New York Stock Exchange
2019:The Wall Street Journal
1990:The Wall Street Journal
1962:San Diego Union-Tribune
1037:The Wall Street Journal
1035:financial outlets like
1024:artificial intelligence
766:Manchester Evening News
627:A 2015 report from the
540:New York Stock Exchange
488:The Wall Street Journal
439:San Francisco Chronicle
258:Northwestern University
4743:Federal Reserve System
4617:United States-specific
3419:"Trends & Numbers"
2986:Editor & Publisher
2712:Editor & Publisher
2565:March 5, 2009, at the
2309:Editor & Publisher
2179:Editor & Publisher
1617:10.1287/mnsc.2013.1785
1565:Editor & Publisher
1288:Arthur Sulzberger, Jr.
1174:
1166:
875:Editor & Publisher
861:
794:
614:nonprofit corporations
584:
516:Freedom Communications
319:classified advertising
299:
278:political polarization
254:classified advertising
245:
5147:History of newspapers
5093:Decline of newspapers
5040:2009 May Day protests
4986:and financial markets
4876:Stimulus and recovery
4172:Philadelphia Inquirer
3779:10.1017/9781108876940
3713:June 6, 2011, at the
3429:on September 18, 2012
2040:on February 27, 2009.
1888:San Jose Mercury News
1490:Local News Initiative
1418:History of journalism
1370:political competition
1172:
1161:
855:
788:
629:Brookings Institution
582:
523:The McClatchy Company
493:Sun-Times Media Group
291:
250:decline of newspapers
243:
5152:Newspaper publishing
5116:European debt crisis
5008:Credit default swaps
4984:Securities involved
4790:stability and reform
4130:Urban Affairs Review
3802:Shaker, Lee (2014).
3508:on February 7, 2009.
2799:on October 19, 2022.
2124:on September 7, 2012
1361:Urban Affairs Review
1144:government subsidies
1030:Financial strategies
848:Technological change
789:Newspaper market in
381:satellite television
5076:2000s energy crisis
4788:Banking and finance
4706:Government entities
4317:, December 4, 2012
4072:2021PNAS..11805155T
4066:(30): e2105155118.
3690:Mitchell Stephens,
3670:The Huffington Post
3475:"News You Can Lose"
3404:The Huffington Post
3354:The Washington Post
3347:The Washington Post
3202:on February 7, 2009
2970:The Washington Post
2952:. February 9, 2009.
2914:The Huffington Post
2864:on February 3, 2014
2407:. February 12, 2016
2316:on February 3, 2014
2284:Pew Research Center
2207:The Washington Post
2052:. September 9, 2009
1676:on October 10, 2008
1327:Olivier Fleurot of
1316:The Huffington Post
1298:New York University
1213:Pew Research Center
1186:s economics writer
1139:The Huffington Post
1099:Wall Street Journal
943:Metro International
622:public broadcasting
446:, both newspapers,
427:Rocky Mountain News
276:, and increases in
118:of this article is
5058:Occupy Wall Street
5034:Tea Party protests
4692:Scott W. Rothstein
4481:The New York Times
4459:The New York Times
4372:The New York Times
4332:, December 9, 2012
4025:10.1111/ajps.12560
3884:10.1093/joc/jqy051
3753:The Times of India
3733:The New York Times
3629:. January 28, 2009
3626:The New York Times
3606:The New York Times
3400:Arianna Huffington
3391:The New York Times
3297:on March 26, 2009.
3174:The New York Times
3153:The New York Times
3126:The New York Times
3074:"The End of News?"
3011:The New York Times
2842:(March 13, 2009).
2744:The New York Times
2626:The New York Times
2049:The New York Times
1964:. Associated Press
1595:Management Science
1292:The New York Times
1273:The New York Times
1261:The Ann Arbor News
1221:The New York Times
1199:washingtonpost.com
1175:
1167:
1128:in 2009 after the
1103:The New York Times
1048:The New York Times
998:social media sites
895:The New York Times
862:
795:
775:London Underground
585:
449:Detroit Free Press
385:network television
383:at the expense of
300:
295:The New York Times
284:Causes for decline
246:
5134:
5133:
5103:Retail apocalypse
5048:(MENA; 2010–2012)
4979:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4871:
4870:
4851:Bank stress tests
4304:, October 8, 2012
4287:978-0-415-87157-0
4268:978-0-19-518123-4
4199:978-1-59420-235-3
3967:978-0-226-53040-6
3788:978-1-108-83477-3
3756:. March 24, 2005.
3402:of the eponymous
3349:, March 29, 2009"
3229:on April 7, 2009.
2896:on June 26, 2005.
2792:The Baltimore Sun
2719:on March 20, 2009
2534:. April 24, 2006.
2433:. March 23, 2009.
2389:November 10, 2015
2366:on March 27, 2009
1870:. March 16, 2009.
1754:978-0-312-47824-7
1394:Journalism portal
1366:mayoral elections
744:In January 2024,
710:Leicester Mercury
674:
673:
616:with an array of
362:for five years. "
359:Los Angeles Times
236:
235:
228:
218:
217:
210:
159:
158:
151:
98:
97:
57:
5159:
5027:Social responses
4952:
4951:
4848:
4847:
4778:
4777:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4476:"The Daily Show"
4470:
4468:
4466:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4291:
4272:
4241:
4231:
4208:Giles, Robert H.
4203:
4191:
4154:
4153:
4136:(5): 1327–1356.
4121:
4112:
4111:
4101:
4083:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3926:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3878:(6): 1007–1028.
3867:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3838:
3832:
3831:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3723:
3717:
3701:
3695:
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3504:. Archived from
3491:
3485:
3484:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3445:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3415:
3409:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3325:on July 14, 2008
3321:. Archived from
3308:
3299:
3298:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3259:
3250:
3249:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3198:. Archived from
3185:
3179:
3178:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3069:
3058:
3057:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3001:
2995:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2932:. Bloomberg.com.
2925:
2919:
2918:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2860:. Archived from
2854:
2848:
2847:
2840:Terdiman, Daniel
2836:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2795:. Archived from
2782:
2776:
2775:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2747:. March 18, 2009
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2715:. Archived from
2702:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2667:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2616:
2610:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2587:on June 10, 2011
2577:
2571:
2555:Orlando Sentinel
2542:
2536:
2535:
2522:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2451:on April 8, 2009
2441:
2435:
2434:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2397:
2391:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2362:. Archived from
2347:
2341:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2312:. Archived from
2299:
2288:
2287:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2186:on May 24, 2011.
2170:
2164:
2155:
2149:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2106:. TheStreet.com.
2099:
2093:
2092:
2078:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2041:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1999:Internet Archive
1993:. Archived from
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1953:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1672:. Archived from
1659:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1539:on June 24, 2009
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1459:
1443:Online newspaper
1396:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1188:James Surowiecki
1185:
1045:
890:Nicholas Kristof
791:Salta, Argentina
770:Evening Standard
700:Evening Standard
692:
669:
666:
660:
648:
647:
640:
455:The Detroit News
377:cable television
356:, editor of the
338:The Buffalo News
274:government waste
270:civic engagement
231:
224:
213:
206:
202:
199:
193:
169:
168:
161:
154:
147:
143:
140:
134:
108:
107:
100:
93:
90:
84:
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
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5167:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5156:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5107:
5064:
5052:Occupy movement
5022:
4985:
4971:
4950:
4938:
4932:
4867:
4846:
4789:
4783:
4772:
4701:
4648:
4612:
4557:
4555:Great Recession
4552:
4514:
4512:
4486:
4484:
4464:
4462:
4421:
4419:
4399:
4397:
4377:
4375:
4355:
4353:
4350:Financial Times
4339:
4288:
4269:
4210:(Spring 2010).
4200:
4163:
4161:Further reading
4158:
4157:
4122:
4115:
4052:
4048:
4005:
4001:
3991:
3989:
3979:
3975:
3968:
3952:
3948:
3903:
3899:
3868:
3861:
3851:
3849:
3839:
3835:
3800:
3796:
3789:
3765:
3761:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3724:
3720:
3715:Wayback Machine
3702:
3698:
3689:
3685:
3675:
3673:
3661:
3657:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3630:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3597:
3593:
3576:
3572:
3555:
3551:
3543:
3539:
3529:
3527:
3526:. June 29, 2022
3518:
3517:
3513:
3492:
3488:
3471:
3467:
3457:
3455:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3432:
3430:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3387:
3383:
3366:
3362:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3309:
3302:
3281:
3277:
3260:
3253:
3238:
3234:
3219:
3215:
3205:
3203:
3186:
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3165:
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3145:
3141:
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3103:
3101:
3091:
3087:
3070:
3061:
3044:
3040:
3023:
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2998:
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2978:
2961:
2957:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2926:
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2882:
2881:
2877:
2867:
2865:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2837:
2833:
2823:
2821:
2817:The Independent
2808:
2804:
2783:
2779:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2722:
2720:
2703:
2696:
2688:
2684:
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2665:
2659:
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2646:
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2641:
2631:
2629:
2617:
2613:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2567:Wayback Machine
2543:
2539:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2508:
2501:
2497:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2468:
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2329:
2319:
2317:
2300:
2291:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2232:. New Statesman
2226:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2198:
2191:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2156:
2152:
2141:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2100:
2096:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2042:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2010:
2006:
1981:
1977:
1967:
1965:
1954:
1950:
1943:
1939:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1900:
1896:
1879:
1875:
1867:Chicago Tribune
1860:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1841:Washington Post
1835:
1834:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1805:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1776:
1769:
1759:
1757:
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1735:
1714:
1710:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
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1641:
1628:
1624:
1608:10.1.1.306.9200
1590:
1584:
1580:
1570:
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1556:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
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1478:
1468:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1339:
1330:Financial Times
1232:
1183:
1156:
1124:Tucson Sentinel
1043:
1032:
990:Americans did.
959:revenue streams
952:hyperlocal news
904:instant message
850:
783:
722:Derby Telegraph
690:
688:The Independent
683:The Independent
670:
664:
661:
658:
649:
645:
638:
573:Financial Times
570:, owner of the
548:Lee Enterprises
500:Tribune Company
470:Gannett Company
460:Tucson, Arizona
419:
414:
354:John S. Carroll
312:search function
286:
232:
221:
220:
219:
214:
203:
197:
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183:
170:
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155:
144:
138:
135:
124:
109:
105:
94:
88:
85:
78:
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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5155:
5154:
5149:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5072:
5070:
5069:Related topics
5066:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5049:
5043:
5037:
5030:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4989:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4967:General Motors
4964:
4958:
4956:
4949:
4948:
4942:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4913:Green New Deal
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4854:
4852:
4845:
4844:
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4814:
4809:
4804:
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4773:
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4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
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4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4697:Allen Stanford
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4668:
4667:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4634:Housing bubble
4631:
4626:
4620:
4618:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4593:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4581:
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4550:
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4493:
4471:
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4444:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4406:
4384:
4362:
4338:
4337:External links
4335:
4334:
4333:
4320:
4314:The New Yorker
4305:
4301:The New Yorker
4292:
4286:
4273:
4267:
4249:
4242:
4204:
4198:
4178:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4113:
4046:
4019:(2): 443–459.
3999:
3973:
3966:
3946:
3897:
3859:
3833:
3794:
3787:
3759:
3739:
3718:
3696:
3683:
3655:
3640:
3612:
3591:
3570:
3549:
3537:
3511:
3486:
3480:The New Yorker
3465:
3440:
3410:
3381:
3360:
3336:
3300:
3275:
3251:
3232:
3213:
3180:
3169:"The Daily Me"
3159:
3139:
3111:
3085:
3059:
3038:
3017:
2996:
2976:
2955:
2935:
2920:
2899:
2875:
2849:
2831:
2802:
2777:
2772:Slate Magazine
2758:
2730:
2694:
2682:
2653:
2639:
2611:
2598:
2572:
2537:
2517:
2506:
2495:
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2462:
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2392:
2377:
2342:
2327:
2289:
2271:
2243:
2220:
2189:
2165:
2150:
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2088:The New Yorker
2083:"Out of Print"
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1937:
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1601:(2): 476–493.
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1155:
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1119:Tucson Citizen
1031:
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957:But these new
849:
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842:western Europe
838:Western Europe
782:
779:
748:, the boss of
678:United Kingdom
672:
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652:
650:
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636:United Kingdom
634:
485:firm for what
483:private equity
465:Tucson Citizen
418:
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393:United Kingdom
343:Warren Buffett
333:Rupert Murdoch
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180:of the subject
178:worldwide view
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4682:Bernie Madoff
4680:
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1374:voter turnout
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1353:investigative
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1008:
1007:The Economist
1003:
999:
994:
991:
988:
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981:
977:
974:
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967:
966:vicious cycle
962:
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843:
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826:Latin America
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755:Daily Express
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606:United States
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552:Media General
549:
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527:Knight Ridder
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417:United States
409:
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405:The Economist
401:
396:
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389:United States
386:
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373:narrowcasting
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47:
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41:
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20:
5092:
4515:December 20,
4513:. Retrieved
4509:The Atlantic
4507:
4485:. Retrieved
4479:
4463:. Retrieved
4457:
4420:. Retrieved
4414:
4398:. Retrieved
4392:
4376:. Retrieved
4370:
4354:. Retrieved
4348:
4329:The Guardian
4327:
4312:
4309:John Cassidy
4299:
4277:
4257:
4245:
4222:(2): 26–38.
4219:
4215:
4187:
4182:Auletta, Ken
4175:
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4129:
4063:
4059:
4049:
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4002:
3990:. Retrieved
3986:
3976:
3956:
3949:
3914:
3910:
3900:
3875:
3871:
3850:. Retrieved
3846:
3836:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3769:
3762:
3751:
3742:
3731:
3721:
3699:
3691:
3686:
3674:. Retrieved
3668:
3658:
3643:
3631:. Retrieved
3624:
3615:
3604:
3594:
3583:
3573:
3562:
3552:
3540:
3528:. Retrieved
3523:
3514:
3506:the original
3499:
3489:
3478:
3468:
3456:. Retrieved
3452:
3443:
3431:. Retrieved
3427:the original
3413:
3389:
3384:
3373:
3363:
3352:
3346:
3339:
3327:. Retrieved
3323:the original
3316:
3295:the original
3288:
3278:
3269:The Atlantic
3267:
3235:
3227:the original
3216:
3204:. Retrieved
3200:the original
3193:
3183:
3172:
3162:
3151:
3142:
3130:. Retrieved
3124:
3114:
3102:. Retrieved
3098:
3088:
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3051:
3041:
3030:
3020:
3009:
2999:
2979:
2968:
2958:
2947:
2938:
2923:
2912:
2902:
2894:the original
2889:BusinessWeek
2887:
2878:
2866:. Retrieved
2862:the original
2852:
2846:. CNET News.
2834:
2822:. Retrieved
2815:
2805:
2797:the original
2790:
2780:
2771:
2761:
2749:. Retrieved
2742:
2733:
2721:. Retrieved
2717:the original
2710:
2685:
2669:
2656:
2642:
2630:. Retrieved
2624:
2614:
2601:
2589:. Retrieved
2585:the original
2575:
2553:
2540:
2529:
2520:
2509:
2498:
2490:The Guardian
2489:
2479:
2465:
2453:. Retrieved
2449:the original
2439:
2430:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2404:
2395:
2386:
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2364:the original
2355:
2345:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2314:the original
2307:
2283:
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2258:The Atlantic
2256:
2246:
2234:. Retrieved
2223:
2213:December 15,
2211:. Retrieved
2205:
2184:the original
2177:
2168:
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2138:
2126:. Retrieved
2122:the original
2112:
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2076:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2047:
2038:the original
2028:
2017:
2007:
1995:the original
1988:
1978:
1966:. Retrieved
1961:
1951:
1940:
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1907:
1897:
1886:
1876:
1865:
1856:
1846:November 30,
1844:. Retrieved
1840:
1816:. Retrieved
1813:The Guardian
1812:
1787:. Retrieved
1783:
1758:. Retrieved
1743:
1736:
1727:
1721:
1711:
1700:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:the original
1667:
1642:. Retrieved
1637:The Guardian
1635:
1625:
1598:
1594:
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1563:
1553:
1541:. Retrieved
1537:the original
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
1457:
1359:
1357:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1310:The Atlantic
1308:
1306:
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1296:
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1272:
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1206:Paul Steiger
1203:
1192:
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1129:
1122:
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1112:
1108:The Atlantic
1106:
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1098:
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1088:
1080:
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1067:
1061:
1055:
1052:Times Select
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992:
984:
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900:
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884:
882:foundation.
873:
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761:Daily Mirror
759:
753:
743:
738:Damian Green
727:
720:
716:Bristol Post
714:
708:
698:
687:
681:
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2670:SSRN.com
2563:Archived
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2071:streams.
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3134:2009
3106:2017
2870:2014
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2372:2009
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1848:2021
1820:2017
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