522:
226:
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533:
types, reflecting external communications with those centres. Gipeswic witnessed the full development of its first major expansion from the quayside north to the
Cattlemarket area, with the established production of Frisian-inspired Ipswich Ware pottery to the north-east of this area. The
193:
Few details are known of
Ealdwulf's long reign of 49 years; its length reflects the success of alliances formed in the decades before his ascension. During his period as king, East Anglia experienced stability and growth, not least in its commercial centre at Gipeswic (now modern
632:, Ealdwulf died in 713. Ælfwald succeeded him as king, ruling until 749, after which the succession passed to kings of unknown lineage; historians do not understand the political situation that caused this to happen .
382:
529:
The status of coinage was not yet as a true currency, nor overtly regnal. The pieces attributed to East
Anglian production are found alongside others mainly of Kentish, East Saxon, and Frisian or
605:. His secluded retreat became a place of refuge for the Mercian royal counter-claimant, Æthelbald, who appears to have received encouragement and protection there from the East Anglian nobility.
474:
The first coins produced in East Anglia were minted during the reign of
Ealdwulf. The issue and use of English coins during his reign followed its development in Kent, gold shillings or
482:
or pennies of various types. The distribution of findspots reveals foci of their use and possibly their issue at East
Anglian centres of importance, especially in the north-west around
186:
664), whose brothers all ruled East Anglia during the 7th century. Ealdwulf recalled that when he was very young, he saw the
Christian/pagan temple belonging to his ancestor
292:
as
Ealdwulf's mother. Nothing is known of her before she was married into the East Anglian royal family, other than that she was the daughter of a nephew of
1017:
366:
664; genealogical records do not show that Æthelwold had sons to succeed him. He was the last ruler of East Anglia known to Bede, who mentions him in his
1555:
454:(the 'Five-and-a-half Hundreds', or Wicklaw) were bestowed of Ealdwulf upon Ely at its foundation, since they formed the largest share of Bishop
450:
According to the author Steven
Plunkett it has been suggested by historians that the revenue of the East Anglian royal estates centred upon
296:
named
Hereric and his wife, Breguswith. Ealdwulf's father Æthilric was unknown to Bede. His three brothers all succeeded in turn as
478:
produced during the 660–670s, and thereafter, by a debasement linked to the diminishing gold quality of
Frankish coin, with silver
1794:
1789:
1459:
1389:
1370:
1351:
1328:
1304:
1247:
1206:
319:
maintained by Rædwald. The temple is the only recorded example of a building connected with the Wuffingas royal family. The
1487:
1548:
415:, bishop of the East Angles, in declining health and no longer able to exercise his authority, was unable to prevent the
1318:
1177:
1144:
1564:
297:
1655:
1784:
1541:
597:
describes as "personal immorality and violation of church priviledges". At this time the Mercian royal hermit
583:
274:
1705:
1690:
1650:
1158:
1799:
315:
According to Bede, Ealdwulf recalled that as a boy he saw the temple containing both Christian and pagan
1685:
1625:
1620:
1505:
1196:
359:
213:
He and his otherwise unknown queen produced at least two children. He was succeeded in 713 by their son
65:
1220:
455:
1483:
1269:
1635:
1590:
1525:
614:
214:
187:
99:
75:
1605:
1496:
466:. If true, they show a policy of reinforcing dynastic authority through ecclesiastical structures.
1720:
1600:
1595:
571:
350:, a move which suggests that no religious houses for women existed in East Anglia at that time.
44:
1665:
1645:
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406:
281:
240:
179:
167:
1715:
1700:
1640:
1610:
1585:
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324:
277:
and regnal lists, and Ealdwulf's name is included near the top of the list for East Anglia.
1779:
1675:
1580:
1575:
1512:
1124:
305:
293:
244:
151:
8:
1680:
1615:
1340:
Landscapes of Monastic Foundation: The Establishment of Religious Houses in East Anglia,
1136:
621:. It can be assumed that the king and his family were Christians throughout their lives.
371:
334:
Ealdwulf's father died before around 647, after which his mother Hereswitha travelled to
613:
The identity of Ealdwulf's queen is unknown. There were at least two children, his heir
225:
1670:
1465:
1427:
1419:
1216:
1129:
420:
301:
269:
1695:
1469:
1455:
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1385:
1366:
1347:
1324:
1300:
1283:
1243:
1226:
1202:
1183:
1164:
1140:
590:
458:'s re-endowment of Ely in around 970. The Papal Privileges may have been obtained at
444:
343:
94:
198:), and an East Anglian coinage appeared for the first time. Within his kingdom, the
1447:
1411:
1275:
1022:
650:
390:
231:
1034:
589:
The closing years of Ealdwulf's reign were coloured by the unsatisfactory rule of
323:
describes how Rædwald was converted to Christianity at the court of his overlord,
1314:
1261:
436:
1660:
1279:
575:
551:
1415:
1287:
1187:
1168:
1026:
377:
1773:
1439:
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594:
515:
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in 680. Little is known about his rule, other than he was king for 49 years.
347:
393:
swept across the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms during the 660s, leaving at one point
1257:
1230:
1222:
Councils and ecclesiastical documents relating to Great Britain and Ireland
507:
463:
432:
428:
203:
1533:
1451:
530:
1423:
1725:
483:
451:
416:
289:
202:
of the East Angles was divided, with a new seat at Helham (probably at
175:
539:
499:
394:
264:
252:
131:
113:
1131:
Aspects of Anglo-Saxon Archaeology: Sutton Hoo and Other Discoveries
1077:
815:
602:
579:
543:
495:
491:
440:
328:
304:, a brother of Raedwald. Æthilric may have been the same person as
260:
19:
423:
from dividing his diocese, creating a second East Anglian seat at
1710:
629:
535:
511:
475:
405:
the only English bishop left whose consecration was derived from
398:
207:
199:
195:
108:
331:, he compromised by building an altar inside his wife's temple.
1195:
Fryde, E.B.; Greenway, D.E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986).
625:
618:
555:
503:
487:
402:
397:(originally called Brigilsus or Berhtgisl) of the East Anglian
339:
27:
1260:(2013). "Appendix II: Archbishops and Bishops, 597-1066". In
547:
479:
412:
316:
256:
217:, the last of the Wuffingas dynasty to rule the East Angles.
23:
694:
692:
690:
688:
1274:. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. pp. 539–566.
1154:
1089:
996:
791:
554:. This route gained importance as the Christian mission to
459:
335:
285:
731:
370:
as being in the 17th year of his reign at the time of the
924:
844:
842:
721:
719:
685:
1384:. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
1053:
767:
593:, who was castigated by Boniface for what the historian
1271:
The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
1065:
972:
948:
936:
912:
827:
1194:
1101:
1083:
890:
888:
863:
861:
859:
857:
839:
821:
803:
716:
534:
settlement's continental trade partners may have been
900:
1402:(1972). "The pre-Viking age church in East Anglia".
1041:
984:
743:
704:
960:
885:
873:
854:
1201:(3rd ed.). London: Royal Historical Society.
1163:. Translated by Stevens, John. London: J.M. Dent.
1128:
779:
755:
673:
661:
561:
1771:
1160:The ecclesiastical history of the English nation
1444:Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England
578:in a letter of 693, urging their acceptance of
1320:Learning and Literature in Anglo-Saxon England
1240:The Archaeology of the East Anglian Conversion
1549:
1313:
1123:
1095:
797:
698:
1215:
1021:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1002:
586:as the successor to Theodore at Canterbury.
368:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
321:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
1563:
1556:
1542:
1176:Dunbar, Agnes Baillie Cunninghame (1904).
235:, with Ealdwulf's name listed near the top
1398:
1323:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
848:
809:
773:
1360:
1225:. Vol. 3. Oxford: Clarenden Press.
1071:
978:
954:
942:
918:
833:
737:
725:
520:
376:
224:
220:
1337:
1237:
1059:
1018:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
749:
469:
18:For other people of the same name, see
1772:
1379:
1256:
1175:
990:
930:
906:
710:
608:
239:Until 749, the long-lived independent
1537:
1438:
1294:
1242:. Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press.
1107:
1047:
966:
894:
879:
867:
761:
679:
667:
510:, and in the area around Rendlesham,
462:by Wilfrid in around 680 for Ely and
182:princess, and of Æthilric (d. before
1744:also king of Kent and king of Mercia
1488:Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
1410:. Cambridge University Press: 1–22.
1153:
785:
601:was living on the fenland island of
435:). Two new bishops were appointed,
174:664 to 713. He was the son of
13:
1446:. London and New York: Routledge.
1299:. London and New York: Routledge.
648:
14:
1811:
1477:
1346:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press.
1182:. Vol. 1. London: G,. Bell.
525:A map of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms
327:. Persuaded by his pagan wife to
1219:; Stubbs, William, eds. (1869).
338:to lead a religious life at the
229:The East Anglian tally from the
1317:; Gneuss, Helmut, eds. (1985).
1008:
1198:Handbook of British chronology
642:
617:, and Ecgburga, who became an
562:Relations with Kent and Mercia
1:
1517:
1341:
1179:A Dictionary of Saintly Women
363:
358:Ealdwulf succeeded his uncle
309:
275:Anglo-Saxon royal genealogies
183:
171:
54:
1795:8th-century English monarchs
1790:7th-century English monarchs
1363:Suffolk in Anglo-Saxon Times
1035:UK public library membership
635:
546:, the large emporium on the
7:
308:, who was killed in battle
10:
1816:
1297:The Earliest English Kings
1280:10.1002/9781118316061.app2
1117:
651:"Notes on the Saxon Coins"
17:
1734:
1571:
1522:
1520:664 – 713
1510:
1502:
1495:
1416:10.1017/S0263675100000053
1361:Plunkett, Steven (2005).
1268:; Scragg, Donald (eds.).
1238:Hoggett, Richard (2010).
699:Lapidge & Gneuss 1985
558:developed from the 680s.
137:
127:
119:
107:
93:
85:
81:
71:
61:
50:
43:
38:
1003:Haddan & Stubbs 1869
360:Æthelwold of East Anglia
353:
57:664 – 713
1565:Monarchs of East Anglia
1137:Victor Gollancz Limited
572:Aldfrith of Northumbria
456:Æthelwold of Winchester
248:
155:
45:King of the East Angles
1382:The Origins of Suffolk
1380:Warner, Peter (1996).
1365:. Stroud, UK: Tempus.
526:
386:
241:kingdom of East Anglia
236:
1785:East Anglian monarchs
1452:10.4324/9780203447307
1338:Pestell, Tim (2004).
1125:Bruce-Mitford, Rupert
1027:10.1093/ref:odnb/3430
566:Ealdwulf, along with
524:
506:, in the east around
380:
259:, the grandfather of
255:dynasty, named after
228:
221:Origins and childhood
1295:Kirby, D.P. (2000).
574:, were addressed by
470:Coinage and commerce
383:Anglo-Saxon dioceses
306:Egric of East Anglia
298:kings of East Anglia
294:Edwin of Northumbria
1749:also king of Mercia
1513:King of East Anglia
1404:Anglo-Saxon England
1217:Haddan, Arthur West
933:, pp. 553–554.
740:, pp. 144–115.
609:Marriage and family
372:Council of Hatfield
300:and his father was
273:, a compilation of
267:is included in the
251:) was ruled by the
33:King of East Anglia
1800:House of Wuffingas
1400:Whitelock, Dorothy
1096:Bruce-Mitford 1974
798:Bruce-Mitford 1974
568:Æthelred of Mercia
527:
494:area, the edge of
421:Theodore of Tarsus
387:
325:Æthelberht of Kent
270:Anglian collection
237:
1767:
1766:
1696:Edmund the Martyr
1532:
1531:
1523:Succeeded by
1461:978-0-415-16639-3
1391:978-0-7190-3817-4
1372:978-0-7524-3139-0
1353:978-1-84383-062-7
1330:978-0-521-12871-1
1306:978-0-415-24211-0
1249:978-1-84383-595-0
1208:978-0-86193-106-4
1110:, pp. 68–69.
1084:Fryde et al. 1986
1062:, pp. 54–55.
1033:(Subscription or
822:Fryde et al. 1986
649:Walker, Obadiah,
591:Ceolred of Mercia
158:), also known as
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993:, p. 74.
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896:
891:
889:
882:, p. 68.
881:
876:
870:, p. 95.
869:
864:
862:
860:
858:
850:
845:
843:
835:
834:Plunkett 2005
830:
823:
818:
811:
806:
800:, p. 83.
799:
794:
788:, p. 95.
787:
782:
775:
770:
764:, p. 74.
763:
758:
752:, p. 25.
751:
746:
739:
738:Plunkett 2005
734:
727:
726:Plunkett 2005
722:
720:
712:
707:
700:
695:
693:
691:
689:
682:, p. 67.
681:
676:
669:
664:
656:
652:
645:
641:
633:
631:
627:
624:According to
622:
620:
616:
606:
604:
600:
596:
595:Barbara Yorke
592:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
531:Netherlandish
523:
519:
517:
516:River Gipping
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
448:
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438:
434:
430:
427:(taken to be
426:
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418:
414:
410:
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384:
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361:
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67:
64:
60:
53:
49:
46:
42:
37:
29:
25:
21:
16:
1630:
1511:
1443:
1407:
1403:
1381:
1362:
1339:
1319:
1296:
1270:
1239:
1221:
1197:
1178:
1159:
1130:
1103:
1091:
1086:, p. 9.
1079:
1067:
1060:Pestell 2004
1055:
1043:
1016:
1010:
998:
986:
974:
962:
950:
938:
926:
914:
902:
875:
851:, p. 8.
829:
824:, p. 8.
817:
812:, p. 3.
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
750:Hoggett 2010
745:
733:
706:
701:, p. 6.
675:
670:, p. 4.
663:
654:
644:
623:
612:
588:
576:Pope Sergius
565:
528:
508:Burgh Castle
473:
464:Peterborough
449:
433:South Elmham
429:North Elmham
424:
411:
388:
367:
357:
333:
320:
314:
282:Northumbrian
279:
268:
238:
230:
212:
204:North Elmham
192:
180:Northumbrian
163:
159:
147:
146:
15:
1780:710s deaths
1706:Æthelred II
1266:Blair, John
991:Warner 1996
931:Keynes 2013
907:Keynes 2013
711:Dunbar 1904
628:written in
514:and in the
362:as king in
245:Old English
168:East Anglia
152:Old English
62:Predecessor
1774:Categories
1726:Guthrum II
1691:Æthelweard
1651:Æthelred I
1484:Ealdwulf 3
1288:1166860385
1188:1157191940
1169:1042965355
1135:. London:
1108:Yorke 2002
1048:Yorke 2002
1037:required.)
967:Yorke 2002
895:Yorke 2002
880:Yorke 2002
868:Kirby 2000
762:Kirby 2000
680:Yorke 2002
668:Yorke 2002
484:Hunstanton
452:Rendlesham
417:archbishop
407:Canterbury
385:before 925
329:apostasize
290:Hereswitha
176:Hereswitha
1754:sub-kings
1721:Æthelwold
1711:Guthrum I
1686:Æthelstan
1681:Beornwulf
1626:Æthelwold
1621:Æthelhere
1606:Sigeberht
1506:Æthelwold
1470:160791603
1432:161209303
786:Bede 1910
655:Britannia
636:Footnotes
580:Berhtwald
550:south of
540:Walcheren
500:Isleworth
265:genealogy
253:Wuffingas
141:Christian
132:Hereswith
114:Wuffingas
72:Successor
66:Æthelwold
1739:co-kings
1676:Ceolwulf
1631:Ealdwulf
1601:Ricberht
1596:Eorpwald
1442:(2002).
1424:44510584
1344:650–1200
1157:(1910).
1127:(1974).
603:Crowland
584:Reculver
544:Dorestad
518:valley.
496:the Fens
492:Thetford
480:sceattas
476:thrymsas
441:Baduwine
395:Boniface
340:Frankish
261:Raedwald
148:Ealdwulf
138:Religion
123:Æthilric
103:Ecgburga
39:Ealdwulf
20:Ealdwulf
1671:Cœnwulf
1666:Eadwald
1646:Alberht
1636:Ælfwald
1591:Rædwald
1526:Ælfwald
1231:1317490
1118:Sources
630:Francia
615:Ælfwald
599:Guthlac
552:Utrecht
536:Domburg
512:Ipswich
498:around
490:in the
425:Helmham
399:diocese
348:Chelles
344:oratory
215:Ælfwald
208:Norfolk
200:diocese
196:Ipswich
188:Rædwald
156:Aldwulf
109:Dynasty
100:Ælfwald
76:Ælfwald
1716:Eohric
1701:Oswald
1641:Beonna
1611:Ecgric
1586:Tytila
1468:
1458:
1430:
1422:
1388:
1369:
1350:
1327:
1303:
1286:
1246:
1229:
1205:
1186:
1167:
1143:
1031:
626:annals
619:abbess
556:Frisia
542:, and
504:Exning
488:Bawsey
445:Elmham
403:Dommoc
391:plague
342:royal
317:altars
288:named
160:Aldulf
128:Mother
120:Father
28:Audulf
26:, and
1759:Danes
1581:Wuffa
1576:Wehha
1466:S2CID
1428:S2CID
1420:JSTOR
548:Rhine
354:Reign
312:636.
284:monk
257:Wuffa
170:from
164:Adulf
95:Issue
51:Reign
24:Adulf
1661:Offa
1616:Anna
1456:ISBN
1386:ISBN
1367:ISBN
1348:ISBN
1325:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1284:OCLC
1244:ISBN
1227:OCLC
1203:ISBN
1184:OCLC
1165:OCLC
1155:Bede
1141:ISBN
570:and
502:and
460:Rome
437:Æcci
413:Bisi
381:The
336:Gaul
286:Bede
280:The
178:, a
86:Died
1486:at
1448:doi
1412:doi
1276:doi
1023:doi
582:of
538:in
443:to
431:or
401:of
346:at
302:Eni
210:).
206:in
162:or
89:713
1776::
1518:c.
1464:.
1454:.
1426:.
1418:.
1406:.
1342:c.
1282:.
1264:;
1139:.
887:^
856:^
841:^
718:^
687:^
653:,
486:,
447:.
409:.
389:A
364:c.
310:c.
247::
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184:c.
172:c.
154::
55:c.
22:,
1557:e
1550:t
1543:v
1472:.
1450::
1434:.
1414::
1408:1
1394:.
1375:.
1356:.
1333:.
1309:.
1290:.
1278::
1252:.
1233:.
1211:.
1190:.
1171:.
1149:.
1029:.
1025::
658:.
243:(
150:(
30:.
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