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on the border is the highest peak in
Mozambique and the second-highest in Zimbabwe. Mussapa Gap is a pass through the mountains that follows the eastward-flowing Mussapa Grande River and westward-flowing Nyanyadzi River. Mussapa Gap was an important trade and migration route through the highlands for
951:
The mountain forests are vulnerable to logging and the grasslands susceptible to fire and the rainforests, which by definition grow on well-watered fertile land, to clearance for agriculture. The moist climate is ideal for planting tea, coffee and hardwoods. However, much of the original vegetation
356:
The highlands have a cooler, moister climate than the surrounding lowlands, which support distinct communities of plants and animals. The ecoregion is home to several plant communities: submontane and montane grasslands, moist evergreen forest, dry montane forest, miombo woodlands, and
805:
Numerous streams have their headwaters in the
Eastern Highlands. Over time streams have deeply dissected the highlands, forming deep ravines and gorges. Some eastward-flowing streams form high waterfalls as they descend the escarpment into Mozambique.
369:
The highlands consist of three main mountain groups – the Nyanga, Bvumba, and
Chimanimani mountains – and several smaller ranges. The mountains are mostly sparsely populated, covered in rich grasslands, shrublands, woodlands and forests.
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The Rusitu-Tanganda fault, an east-west rift that carries the eastward-flowing Rusitu River and the westward flowing
Tanganda River, marks the southern end of the Chimanimani Mountains. A hilly upland extends south from the fault into
1111:
Mapaure, Isaac (2012). "Determinants of vegetation composition and diversity of a moist forest-savanna boundary in south-eastern
Zimbabwe". International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation Vol. 4(14), pp. 584-591, November,
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is the largest city in the highlands. It is located on the
Zimbabwean side of the Mutare Gap, a saddle between the Nyanga and Bvumba mountains. The main east-west road through the highlands is the
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Much of the small area consists of rolling hills covered with grassland, which are renewed annually following the fires that occur at the end of the dry season. At lower elevations,
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lie south of the
Mussapa Pequeno River, which divides them from the Tandara plateau. The Chimanimani range consists of a high plateau with several ridges running north and south.
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The
Highlands have a more equable climate than Zimbabwe's central plateau, with higher rainfall, low cloud and heavy mists and dew as moisture moves inland from the
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The highlands' cool, high-altitude, rapidly-flowing streams create aquatic habitats distinct from the surrounding lowlands, and the highlands are home to several
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568:, and a rich undergrowth. There are larger areas of dry forest at higher altitudes in places where the ground is well watered and on drier slopes patches of
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748:), are endemic to the Eastern Highlands. The Chirinda apalis lives deep in the evergreen forests, while Roberts's warbler inhabits the forest edge.
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South of Burma Valley, the
Tsetsera, Gweni, and Tandara plateaus lie along the border, separated by east-west river valleys lying in fault rifts.
488:. The mountains and mountain ranges that make up the East African Highlands share many common plant and animal species and communities, known as
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is common on less-fertile white sandy soils. At higher elevations are montane grasslands made up mostly of short, tufted grasses, including
476:, one of four distinct physiographic divisions on the African continent. The East African Highlands physiographic division consists of the
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in the
Chimanimani Mountains. The Chimanimani park and reserve together form the core of the Chimanimani Transfrontier Conservation Area.
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341:. The ecoregion includes the portion of the highlands above 1000 meters elevation, including the Inyangani Mountains, Bvumba Mountains,
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Ghiurghi, Andrea & Dondeyne, S. & Bannerman, J.. (2010). Chimanimani national reserve: management plan. 10.13140/2.1.1734.6240.
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This variety of different types of habitat results in a richness of animal life too. Animals found in the highlands include
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Philippia pallidiflora, P. hexandra, Phylica ericoides, Passerina montana, Erica eylesii, E. pleiotricha, E. gazensis,
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438:. They lie mostly in Zimbabwe, but a northeastern spur, Monte Vumba, reaches into Mozambique. Agricultural
323:. The Eastern Highlands extend north and south for about 300 kilometres (190 mi) through Zimbabwe's
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Lister, L.A. (1987). "The Erosion Surfaces of Zimbabwe". Zimbabwe Geological Survey Bulletin #90.
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Some valleys and east-facing slopes contain areas of subtropical rainforest, with a high canopy,
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1041:"Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic". World Wildlife Fund. Accessed 17 June 2018
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A number of indigenous monocot lilies with small distribution ranges occur in the highlands.
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1052:"Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic". DOPA Explorer. Accessed 16 March 2021.
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1151:"Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands". Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Accessed 15 March 2021.
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rise northeast of the Nyanga mountains in Mozambique. Zimbabwe's agricultural
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remains, especially at higher altitudes, which are not suitable for farming.
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physiographic provinces, part of the long chain of mountains that runs down
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ecoregion lies at lower elevations east and west of the highlands.
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1070:(2nd ed.). Worcester: Arlington Business Corporation. 1989.
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lies southeast of the Nyanga range, and leads into Mozambique.
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Mt. Mozi is a prominent peak at the Northern limit of the range
1139:
Ian Sinclair, Birds of Southern Africa, Struik Publishers 1996
508:, while the southern portion is drained by tributaries of the
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is the predominant grass on the more fertile red soils, and
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Lake at Mother of Peace orphanage in the Eastern Highlands
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Northern part of the Eastern Highlands range as seen from
689:). Many of its animals are found throughout East Africa.
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403:(Zimbabwe) - N6 (Mozambique), which connects the port of
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The forests are also full of butterflies, most notably
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Large areas of the highlands are protected, including
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in the Bvumba Mountains, and Zimbabwe's 171 km
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601:and on the western slopes of the Nyanga Highlands.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1123:"Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic"
982:"Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic"
692:The highlands are also rich in birdlife including
993:Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands (freshwater ecoregion)
377:in the north contain Zimbabwe's highest mountain
1217:Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic
1193:
1022:
626:E. johnstoniana. Protea gazensis, P. welwitschii
336:Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic
127:Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic
512:. The eastern slope is drained by Mozambique's
291:Eastern Highlands looking south towards Nyanga
620:. The ericaceous heathlands are dominated by
442:lies south and east of the Bvumba Mountains.
875:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
836:
796:Reptiles and frogs of the Eastern Highlands
634:are common in the proteaceous heathlands.
427:also crosses the highlands at Machipanda.
939:Learn how and when to remove this message
385:, Africa's second-longest waterfall. The
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Mountain range in Zimbabwe and Mozambique
656:
649:are popular with rare plant collectors.
419:, and Mutare, with a border crossing at
294:
286:
274:
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675:East African little collared fruit bat
472:The Eastern Highlands are part of the
345:, Chipinge Uplands, and the isolated
262:in Papua New Guinea, and part of the
206:7,770 km (3,000 sq mi)
1057:
873:adding citations to reliable sources
840:
407:in Mozambique to Zimbabwe's capital
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1142:
1046:
612:. The heathlands are of two types,
258:"Eastern Highlands" also refers to
13:
14:
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1242:Montane grasslands and shrublands
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755:such as the emperor swallowtail (
604:In the Chimanimani Mountains and
192:Montane grasslands and shrublands
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833:– are endemic to the highlands.
813:species. Four species of fish –
434:are centrally situated south of
349:further east in Mozambique. The
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23:
1262:Freshwater ecoregions of Africa
34:needs additional citations for
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961:Bunga Forest Botanical Reserve
761:) and the citrus swallowtail (
334:The Highlands are home to the
1:
1252:Mountain ranges of Mozambique
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800:
969:Chimanimani National Reserve
364:
7:
998:
465:, and the highest point is
10:
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793:
683:Marshall's pygmy chameleon
639:Cryptostephanotis vansonii
582:Brachystegia tamarindoides
495:
260:Eastern Highlands Province
965:Chimanimani National Park
959:in the Nyanga Mountains,
671:Cercopithecus albogularis
351:Southern miombo woodlands
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1222:Ecoregions of Mozambique
837:Threats and preservation
824:Varicorhinus pungweensis
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576:Brachystegia spiciformis
558:Monocymbium ceresiiforme
523:
1257:Physiographic divisions
1212:Afrotropical ecoregions
730:Stephanoaetus coronatus
714:Tauraco porphyreolophus
594:Parinari curatellifolia
1227:Ecoregions of Zimbabwe
1207:Afromontane ecoregions
1129:. World Wildlife Fund.
1127:Terrestrial Ecoregions
988:. World Wildlife Fund.
986:Terrestrial Ecoregions
758:Papilio ophidicephalus
662:
643:Cyrtanthus rhodesianus
474:East African Highlands
425:Beira–Bulawayo railway
300:
292:
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1247:Mountains of Zimbabwe
1068:Encyclopedia Zimbabwe
830:Parakneria mossambica
710:purple-crested turaco
687:Rhampholeon marshalli
660:
450:Chimanimani Mountains
343:Chimanimani Mountains
298:
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145:Chimanimani Mountains
1005:Nyanga National Park
957:Nyanga National Park
869:improve this section
746:Oreophilais robertsi
732:). Two species, the
706:Tauraco livingstonii
702:Livingstone's turaco
698:Bycanistes bucinator
647:Scadoxus pole-evansi
631:Leucospermum saxosum
547:Trachypogon spicatus
307:, also known as the
264:Great Dividing Range
43:improve this article
1174: /
888:"Eastern Highlands"
816:Labeo baldasseronii
738:Apalis chirindensis
679:Myonycteris relicta
551:Exotheca abyssinica
325:Manicaland Province
242:critical/endangered
238:Conservation status
58:"Eastern Highlands"
718:crested guineafowl
694:trumpeter hornbill
663:
301:
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1232:Great Rift Valley
1202:Eastern Highlands
1178:18.723°S 32.842°E
967:and Mozambique's
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820:Amarginops hildae
764:Papilio demodocus
742:Roberts's warbler
722:Guttera pucherani
597:near the town of
492:flora and fauna.
478:East African Rift
463:Chipinge District
327:and Mozambique's
315:on the border of
305:Eastern Highlands
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537:Loudetia simplex
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469:at 1230 meters.
432:Bvumba Mountains
375:Nyanga Mountains
309:Manica Highlands
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381:(2,592 m), and
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329:Manica Province
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854:This section
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32:This article
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867:Please help
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753:swallowtails
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502:Indian Ocean
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440:Burma Valley
429:
395:
391:Honde Valley
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232:Conservation
180:Afrotropical
105:
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1181: /
929:August 2023
618:proteaceous
490:Afromontane
486:East Africa
457:centuries.
454:Monte Binga
141:Monte Binga
99:August 2023
1196:Categories
1169:32°50′31″E
1166:18°43′23″S
1016:References
899:newspapers
801:Freshwater
794:See also:
614:ericaceous
510:Save River
482:Abyssinian
421:Machipanda
359:heathlands
321:Mozambique
218:Mozambique
69:newspapers
1237:Highlands
856:does not
610:quartzite
572:woodland
365:Geography
339:ecoregion
268:Australia
247:Protected
211:Countries
198:Geography
999:See also
599:Chipinge
520:rivers.
317:Zimbabwe
223:Zimbabwe
913:scholar
877:removed
862:sources
811:endemic
777:lizards
496:Climate
413:Chimoio
311:, is a
169:Ecology
143:in the
83:scholar
1074:
915:
908:
901:
894:
886:
827:, and
789:snakes
787:, and
773:geckos
769:skinks
740:) and
724:) and
681:) and
645:, and
628:, and
570:miombo
566:lianas
518:Pungwe
436:Mutare
423:. The
417:Manica
409:Harare
397:Mutare
281:Nyanga
250:14.13%
160:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
920:JSTOR
906:books
785:toads
781:frogs
653:Fauna
524:Flora
405:Beira
187:Biome
175:Realm
90:JSTOR
76:books
1112:2012
1072:ISBN
892:news
860:any
858:cite
624:and
616:and
585:and
555:and
516:and
514:Buzi
480:and
448:The
430:The
411:via
373:The
319:and
303:The
283:town
203:Area
62:news
871:by
716:),
708:),
700:),
673:),
45:by
1198::
1144:^
1125:.
1095:^
1059:^
1024:^
984:.
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818:,
791:.
783:,
779:,
775:,
771:,
641:,
579:,
561:.
549:,
545:,
415:,
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