450:
949:
830:
458:
1184:
2615:
3262:
871:
47:
1062:
1237:
as new rival king to
Charles but finally joined the Luxemburg party after Günther's early death in 1349 and divided the Wittelsbach possessions amongst themselves again. In continuance of the conflict of the House of Wittelsbach with the House of Luxemburg, the Wittelsbach family returned to power in
983:
which was an opportunity to gain full authority over Savoy, Provence, and its surrounding territories. Humbert was reluctant to take the crown due to the conflict that would follow with all around him, so he declined, telling the emperor that he should make peace with the church first.
1016:
in 1338 and was named Vicar-General of the Holy Roman Empire. However in 1341, the
Emperor deserted Edward III but came to terms with Philip VI only temporarily. For the expected English payments were missing and Louis intended to reach an agreement with the Pope one more time.
837:
As he did not manage to overcome
Leopold's obstinacy, Frederick returned to Munich as a prisoner, even though the Pope had released him from his oath. Louis, who was impressed by such nobility, renewed the old friendship with Frederick, and they agreed to rule the
1532:
1007:
in 1338 by six electors to the effect that election by all or the majority of the electors automatically conferred the royal title and rule over the empire, without papal confirmation. King Edward III was the
Emperor's guest at the
1036:
Louis concentrated his energies also on the economic development of the cities of the empire, so his name can be found in many city chronicles for the privileges he granted. In 1330 the emperor for example permitted the
1525:
470:
1033:
and Russia, although the Order had only petitioned for three small territories. Later he forbade the Order to stand trial before foreign courts in their territorial conflicts with foreign rulers.
826:
of 13 March 1325. In this agreement, Frederick recognized Louis as legitimate ruler and undertook to return to captivity should he not succeed in convincing his brothers to submit to Louis.
1913:
772:- the customary site of coronations - by Archbishop Peter of Mainz, while the Archbishop of Cologne, who by custom had the right to crown the new king, crowned Frederick at
1782:
862:
in Italy. However, after
Leopold's death in 1326, Frederick withdrew from the regency of the Empire and returned to rule only Austria. He died on 13 January 1330.
1355:
2078:
941:
and stayed then in
Northern Italy. When his co-ruler Frederick of Habsburg died in 1330, Louis returned from Italy. In fulfillment of an oath, Louis founded
4853:
1191:
The acquisition of these territories and his restless foreign policy had earned Louis many enemies among the German princes. In the summer of 1346 the
2082:
1175:
of whom was the queen of
England, were ignored. Because of the dangerous hostility of the Luxemburgs, Louis had increased his power base ruthlessly.
3224:
624:. A civil war against his brother Rudolf due to new disputes on the partition of their lands was ended in 1313, when peace was made at Munich.
2033:
2651:
2360:
1003:. King Philip VI had prevented any agreement between the Emperor and the Pope. Thus, the failure of negotiations with the papacy led to the
1225:
But then Louis' sudden death avoided a longer civil war. Louis died in
October 1347 from a stroke suffered during a bear-hunt in Puch near
1906:
4006:
4803:
1258:
376:
2093:
2029:
1334:
783:
After several years of bloody war, victory finally seemed within the grasp of
Frederick, who was strongly supported by his brother
687:
to be too young, and by others to be already too powerful. One alternative was
Frederick the Fair, the son of Henry's predecessor,
4858:
4838:
1133:
1094:
777:
2040:
1775:
4813:
4808:
4833:
4788:
1889:
1741:
1714:
1588:
1501:
4543:
3786:
3217:
749:, five different electors convened at Frankfurt and elected Louis as King. These electors were Archbishop Peter himself,
711:
4253:
1615:
741:
The Luxembourg party did not accept this election and the next day a second election was held. Upon the instigation of
727:
3962:
3014:
2994:
2974:
2644:
2560:
2540:
2520:
2353:
2299:
2269:
2261:
1827:
1687:
1270:
1009:
968:, who were all on bad terms with the Pope as well, joined Emperor Louis in Italy and accompanied him to his court at
715:
628:
511:
70:
4764:
4551:
3922:
3019:
3009:
2979:
2866:
2555:
2525:
2495:
1662:
Ludwig IV. der Baier und Friedrich von Oesterreich von dem vertrage zu Trausnitz bis zur zusammenkunft in Innsbruck
1381:
1323:
570:
344:
17:
4603:
3882:
3533:
3210:
3039:
2989:
2831:
2580:
2535:
2475:
1145:
784:
635:. Originally, he was a friend of Frederick, with whom he had been raised. However, armed conflict arose when the
4493:
3999:
3946:
3453:
3097:
3059:
3054:
3034:
2935:
2600:
2595:
2575:
2510:
2308:
1195:
644:
207:
160:
113:
4848:
4843:
4818:
4285:
4205:
3970:
3954:
3930:
3850:
3842:
3186:
3112:
3049:
3044:
3024:
2999:
2984:
2964:
2920:
2797:
2792:
2590:
2585:
2565:
2545:
2530:
2515:
2500:
2460:
2455:
2283:
878:
After the reconciliation with the Habsburgs in 1326, Louis marched to Italy and was crowned King of Italy in
672:
663:. This victory caused a stir within the Holy Roman Empire and increased the reputation of the Bavarian Duke.
197:
150:
103:
1760:
Die Auseinandersetzung zwischen Ludwig IV. dem Bayer und Friedrich dem Schönen von Oesterreich im Jahre 1325
4651:
4619:
4341:
4309:
4269:
4157:
3906:
3858:
3834:
3818:
3029:
3004:
2851:
2802:
2787:
2782:
2637:
2618:
2570:
2550:
2485:
2465:
2450:
2445:
2346:
2237:
2054:
1455:
688:
655:, the former King of Hungary, had chosen Louis. On 9 November 1313, Frederick was defeated by Louis in the
4731:
4683:
4667:
4595:
4560:
4437:
3914:
3874:
3810:
2861:
2826:
2777:
2490:
2470:
2440:
2273:
2217:
2181:
2173:
1312:
386:
261:
253:
1937:
1605:
4828:
4823:
4756:
4723:
4699:
4675:
4659:
4635:
4587:
4569:
4501:
4453:
4445:
4317:
4293:
4261:
3153:
3069:
2952:
2227:
1417:
1219:
1114:
1090:
1070:
975:
In 1333, Emperor Louis sought to counter French influence in the southwest of the empire so he offered
640:
632:
542:
396:
2941:
1988:
Blockmans, W.P. (2015). "The Formation of a Political Union". In Blom, J. C. H.; Lamberts, E. (eds.).
1234:
4748:
4707:
4611:
4578:
4485:
4477:
4461:
4429:
4381:
4357:
4301:
4245:
4229:
4221:
4036:
4015:
3992:
3181:
3162:
3143:
2910:
2199:
2177:
2169:
1433:
1344:
1074:
980:
762:
723:
652:
648:
605:
586:
538:
449:
431:
401:
391:
249:
239:
220:
1839:
Bernd Schneidmüller (2013). "KAISER LUDWIG IV. Imperiale Herrschaft und reichsfürstlicher Konsens".
4739:
4691:
4643:
4534:
4421:
4413:
4373:
4365:
4349:
4277:
4237:
3121:
2947:
2185:
1907:"König Ludwig IV. belehnt seinen Sohn Ludwig mit der Mark Brandenburgund befiehlt, ihm zu huldigen"
1394:
1279:
948:
381:
1420:(12 May 1330 – 15 April 1389), as William I duke of Lower Bavaria, as William III count of Hainaut
1210:
and successfully resisted Charles, who was widely regarded as a papal puppet ("rex clericorum" as
4715:
4627:
4525:
4509:
4397:
4333:
4213:
4031:
3347:
2742:
2660:
2189:
2152:
2044:
1439:
1375:
1129:
934:
758:
406:
810:) for three years, but the determined resistance by Frederick's brother Leopold, the retreat of
4141:
4085:
3721:
3102:
2871:
2050:
2016:
A House Divided: Wittelsbach Confessional Court Cultures in the Holy Roman Empire, c. 1550-1650
1423:
1296:
1168:
1082:
976:
930:
526:
in 1322, and the two eventually reconciled. Louis was opposed and excommunicated by the French
522:
was simultaneously elected king by a separate set of electors. Louis defeated Frederick in the
1704:
319:
4117:
4069:
3890:
2888:
2836:
2808:
2206:
2159:
2107:
1731:
1118:
1004:
988:
886:, which was together with France the strongest ally of the papacy. But now the Lord of Milan
829:
807:
750:
707:
656:
534:
1875:
1631:
788:
776:. In the following conflict between the kings, Louis recognized in 1316 the independence of
523:
4798:
4793:
4101:
4077:
3898:
3765:
3134:
3088:
2969:
2899:
2876:
2846:
2480:
2123:
1348:
1172:
1148:
and marrying her to his own son Louis V, thus alienating the House of Luxemburg even more.
1136:, a member of the Luxemburg dynasty, had to return to Bohemia. In 1342 Louis also acquired
1086:
1038:
847:
617:
594:
546:
421:
8:
4469:
4173:
4125:
4109:
3751:
3716:
3685:
3650:
3634:
3578:
3278:
3270:
2915:
2905:
2893:
2731:
2702:
2687:
2673:
2430:
2420:
2061:
1251:
1230:
1192:
1141:
992:
929:, who soon left Rome and a few years later submitted to Pope John XXII. In the meantime,
926:
887:
823:
746:
696:
590:
553:
in 1340. He was the last Bavarian to be a king of Germany until 1742. He became Count of
441:
269:
52:
1660:
1226:
302:
4133:
4041:
3866:
3699:
2930:
2821:
2758:
2722:
2410:
2369:
2328:
1856:
1292:
1203:
965:
922:
882:
in 1327. Already in 1323, Louis had sent an army to Italy to protect Milan against the
859:
855:
735:
680:
519:
505:
497:
457:
257:
167:
60:
3202:
1436:(25 Jul 1336 – 13 December 1404), duke of Lower Bavaria, count of Hainaut and Holland.
1215:
4181:
4093:
4056:
3792:
3773:
3618:
3371:
2763:
2692:
2395:
2002:
1885:
1881:
1823:
1737:
1710:
1683:
1611:
1584:
1497:
1239:
1211:
1152:
1132:
in 1340 Louis inherited Lower Bavaria and then reunited the duchy of Bavaria. John's
1102:
1085:
in 1329 the emperor reconciled the sons of his late brother Rudolph and returned the
961:
957:
883:
839:
719:
692:
562:
558:
554:
515:
368:
265:
4325:
4165:
4046:
4026:
3707:
3626:
3602:
2958:
2856:
2736:
2682:
2415:
2400:
2252:
2248:
2244:
1848:
1098:
1078:
1046:
1026:
910:
796:
768:
This double election was quickly followed by two coronations: Louis was crowned at
731:
31:
4189:
3826:
3735:
3658:
3642:
2815:
2707:
2697:
2425:
2405:
2385:
2290:
1758:
1677:
1578:
1491:
1199:
1122:
1050:
898:
811:
754:
742:
676:
550:
214:
64:
4389:
4051:
3802:
3594:
2841:
2772:
2748:
2435:
1442:(1340/42 – 15/16 November 1379), duke of Upper Bavaria, elector of Brandenburg.
1398:
1029:. In 1337 he allegedly bestowed upon the Teutonic Order a privilege to conquer
843:
815:
700:
684:
666:
636:
527:
489:
1409:
972:
in Munich which became the first imperial residence of the Holy Roman Empire.
865:
4782:
4405:
4149:
3743:
3233:
3172:
2317:
1607:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1
1316:
1183:
819:
621:
609:
501:
120:
854:
on 7 January 1326, according to which Frederick would administer Germany as
2717:
2668:
1287:
1137:
996:
1384:(7 May 1328 – 17 May 1365), duke of Upper Bavaria, elector of Brandenburg.
3680:
3586:
2882:
2380:
1852:
1371:
1283:
942:
905:. Three months later, Louis published a decree declaring Pope John XXII (
2087:
Deed by Emperor Louis the Bavarian for the Hospital of the Holy Spirit (
1860:
3565:
3541:
3517:
3191:
1282:(July 1315 – 17/18 September 1361), duke of Upper Bavaria, margrave of
918:
530:; Louis in turn attempted to depose the pope and install an anti-pope.
86:
2629:
2338:
2030:
Charter given by Louis to the Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Nuremberg
1222:
was killed; Charles himself also took part in the battle but escaped.
1151:
In 1345 the emperor further antagonized the lay princes by conferring
870:
46:
3760:
3610:
3509:
3469:
3445:
3429:
3294:
3286:
3261:
2390:
1388:
1266:
1164:
1030:
969:
803:
765:, who contested Rudolph of Wittenberg's claim to the electoral vote.
675:
in August 1313 necessitated the election of a successor. Henry's son
566:
30:
For the 9th-century German ruler also called Louis the Bavarian, see
1262:
1042:
627:
In the same year, on November 9, Louis defeated his Habsburg cousin
4197:
3984:
3730:
3694:
3525:
3501:
3493:
3477:
3461:
3437:
3397:
3078:
1214:
called him). Also the Habsburg dukes stayed loyal to Louis. In the
1013:
703:
settled on Louis as its candidate to prevent Frederick's election.
660:
613:
1992:. Translated by Kennedy, James C. Berghahn Books. pp. 55–142.
3557:
3549:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3389:
3381:
3310:
3302:
3248:
1327:
1160:
1156:
1000:
792:
416:
2006:
890:
was deposed since he was suspected of conspiring with the pope.
620:, he quarreled with the Habsburgs from 1307 over possessions in
4565:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Landshut: 1353–1375; Upper: 1363)
3485:
3355:
3326:
3318:
1427:
1402:
1207:
914:
769:
601:
582:
285:
92:
1526:"Ludwig der Bayer (1314 –1347) Reich und Herrschaft im Wandel"
3363:
1061:
933:
had sent both a fleet and an army against Louis and his ally
879:
589:, Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, and
139:
2066:
Repertorium "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages" (
1776:"Wir sind Kaiser - Ludwig IV. zwischen Gott und den Fürsten"
667:
Election as German King and conflict with Frederick the Fair
3334:
1877:
Die Wittelsbacher: Staat und Dynastie in acht Jahrhunderten
1341:
1110:
1106:
938:
894:
866:
Coronation as Holy Roman Emperor and conflict with the Pope
787:. However, Frederick's army was decisively defeated in the
773:
186:
851:
822:
Louis in 1324, induced Louis to release Frederick in the
1957:
795:
Heath, where Frederick and 1300 nobles from Austria and
651:) was entrusted to Frederick, even though the late Duke
3232:
1945:
1557:
1555:
1553:
726:, who objected to the election of his younger brother,
576:
2001:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
1140:
for the Wittelsbach by voiding the first marriage of
1800:
1550:
897:
and had himself crowned emperor by the aged senator
4735:(Munich: 1460–1508; Landshut: 1503–1508; 1508–1550)
4583:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1404)
4574:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1388)
1838:
1658:
1276:
Daughter (end September 1314 – died shortly after).
4530:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1351; Landshut: 1373–1379)
1873:
1654:
1652:
537:from 1294 to 1301 together with his elder brother
952:Edward III becomes Vicar to the Emperor Louis IV.
4780:
1610:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 190.
1458:. He was related to every other king of Germany.
453:Arms of the House of Wittelsbach (14th-century).
2051:Works by and about Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
1867:
1773:
1756:
1649:
1412:(died 1388 in the Battle of Döffingen) in 1362.
1202:. Louis himself obtained much support from the
1171:. The hereditary titles of Margaret's sisters,
738:. These four electors chose Frederick as King.
2098:Photograph Archive of Old Original Documents (
1049:, received the coinage prerogative for golden
4000:
3218:
2645:
2354:
1709:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 189–.
1576:
1489:
4854:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
4679:(Landshut: 1393–1450; Ingolstadt: 1447–1450)
2099:
2069:Geschichtsquellen des deutschen Mittelalters
2067:
1702:
1580:Ludwig IV. (1282-1347) und das "Licet iuris"
1572:
1570:
1523:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1198:was elected rival king, with the support of
483:
1750:
1679:Magill's Guide to Military History: Cor-Jan
1675:
1493:Ludwig IV. der Bayer: Herzog, König, Kaiser
4007:
3993:
3225:
3211:
2652:
2638:
2361:
2347:
1904:
1729:
1178:
478:; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called
45:
4631:(Munich: 1397–1438; Straubing: 1429–1438)
4623:(Munich: 1397–1435; Straubing: 1429–1435)
1987:
1978:
1963:
1951:
1939:Mumie Anna - Die Rettung einer Prinzessin
1822:. Greenhill Books. London, 2003, p. 136.
1723:
1696:
1669:
1567:
1531:. Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
1468:
995:of France, the protector of the new Pope
2101:Lichtbildarchiv älterer Originalurkunden
1820:The Teutonic Knights: A Military History
1322:In 1324, Louis married his second wife,
1238:the Holy Roman Empire in 1400 with King
1182:
1060:
947:
869:
828:
456:
448:
2659:
2368:
1874:Ludwig Holzfurtner (30 November 2005).
1736:. Charles River Editors. pp. 16–.
1233:in Munich. The sons of Louis supported
1125:was first placed into Luxemburg hands.
639:over the young Dukes of Lower Bavaria (
461:Arms of Louis IV as Holy Roman Emperor.
334: 1308; died 1322)
14:
4781:
4703:(Munich: 1460–1467; Dachau: 1467–1501)
2013:
1603:
1561:
1250:In 1308 Louis married his first wife,
1245:
1187:Ludwig IV's tomb, Frauenkirche, Munich
1020:
734:, whom the Luxembourgs had deposed as
3988:
3206:
2633:
2342:
1841:Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1315:(autumn 1319 – 19 May 1375), duke of
846:strongly objected to this agreement,
4014:
1912:. Historische Kommission zu Berlin.
1077:after the Brandenburg branch of the
937:. Louis spent the winter 1328/29 in
757:- both of the House of Luxembourg -
722:. Participants were Louis' brother,
604:and became co-regent of his brother
600:Though Louis was partly educated in
577:Early reign as Duke of Upper Bavaria
27:Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347
1996:
1806:
1577:Daniel Daimer (21 September 2004).
1430:, 1335 – 11 November 1352, Munich).
874:Seals of Louis IV (Otto Posse 1909)
683:since 1310, was considered by many
508:from 1328 until his death in 1347.
24:
4655:(1375–1392; Ingolstadt: 1392–1413)
2041:Literature by and about Ludwig IV.
2032:taken from the collections of the
1665:. Druck von Pontt & v. Döhren.
1510:
1330:(1308-1356). Their children were:
1261:(aft. 21 June 1313 – 2 July 1346,
1254:(1290-1322). Their children were:
1056:
858:, while Louis would be crowned as
514:in 1314 was controversial, as his
512:Louis' election as king of Germany
25:
4870:
2023:
1387:Elisabeth (1329 – 2 August 1402,
1295:(c. July 1317 – 29 January 1319,
1271:Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen
728:Duke Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg
81:20 October 1314 – 11 October 1347
4804:14th-century Holy Roman Emperors
4639:(1375–1392; Landshut: 1392–1393)
3260:
2614:
2613:
2079:Veröffentlichungen zu Ludwig IV.
1324:Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
1242:, a great-grandnephew of Louis.
1025:Louis IV was a protector of the
917:. He then installed a Spiritual
842:jointly. Since the Pope and the
814:from his alliance, and a ban by
802:Louis held Frederick captive in
759:Margrave Waldemar of Brandenburg
671:The death of Holy Roman Emperor
612:in 1301 with the support of his
345:Margaret II, Countess of Holland
1931:
1919:from the original on 2022-10-09
1898:
1832:
1812:
1788:from the original on 2022-10-09
1767:
1538:from the original on 2022-10-09
1073:as a fiefdom to his eldest son
1045:, as the leading member of the
987:Emperor Louis also allied with
893:In January 1328, Louis entered
356:
331:
4859:Burials at Munich Frauenkirche
4839:Prince-electors of Brandenburg
4727:(Munich: 1465–1505; 1505–1508)
4647:(1375–1392; Munich: 1392–1397)
1981:A History of the Low Countries
1624:
1597:
708:Archbishop Henry II of Cologne
631:who was further aided by duke
377:Matilda, Margravine of Meissen
13:
1:
4814:14th-century dukes of Bavaria
4809:13th-century dukes of Bavaria
4539:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1361)
4521:(Upper: 1301–1340; 1340–1347)
4433:(1253–1255; Upper: 1255–1294)
1703:S. C. Rowell (6 March 2014).
1490:Martin Clauss (22 May 2014).
1462:
1364:
1303:
616:mother and her brother, King
130:31 May 1327 – 11 October 1347
4834:Counts Palatine of the Rhine
4789:Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
2055:Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
1990:History of the Low Countries
1730:Hans Prutz (22 March 2018).
1682:. Salem Press. p. 588.
1659:Walter Friedensburg (1877).
1604:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1456:Kings of Germany family tree
1445:Louis (October 1347 – 1348).
1105:was released as an imperial
833:Golden Bull of Louis IV 1328
791:on 28 September 1322 on the
7:
4652:Stephen III the Magnificent
2218:Count Palatine of the Rhine
1496:. Verlag Friedrich Pustet.
1449:
1347:(d. 1354), son of the King
1065:Gold Gulden of Lübeck, 1341
991:of England in 1337 against
903:captain of the Roman people
780:from the Habsburg dynasty.
751:Archbishop Baldwin of Trier
724:Rudolph I of the Palatinate
547:Count Palatine of the Rhine
387:Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
10:
4875:
4486:Henry XV the Natternberger
4473:(Upper: Regent: 1294–1302)
3154:North German Confederation
3070:Confederation of the Rhine
2302:as rival and then co-ruler
2014:Thomas, Andrew L. (2010).
1733:The Age of the Renaissance
1115:Albert II, Duke of Austria
397:William I, Duke of Bavaria
29:
4535:Louis V the Brandenburger
4065:
4022:
3785:
3670:
3577:
3346:
3269:
3258:
3241:
3171:
3152:
3133:
3111:
3087:
3068:
2757:
2716:
2667:
2609:
2376:
2326:
2315:
2305:
2288:
2280:
2266:
2242:
2234:
2224:
2215:
2204:
2196:
2166:
2157:
2149:
2144:
2117:
1345:Stephen, Duke of Slavonia
763:John II of Saxe-Lauenburg
712:assembly of four electors
573:inherited those domains.
437:
432:Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
427:
415:
402:Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
392:Louis VI, Duke of Bavaria
367:
308:
291:
279:
275:
245:
235:
227:
213:
203:
193:
181:
173:
166:
156:
146:
134:
126:
119:
109:
99:
85:
77:
59:
44:
39:
4749:Albert V the Magnanimous
4732:William IV the Steadfast
4668:Louis VIII the Hunchback
4246:Henry II the Quarrelsome
3673:(title disputed 887–933)
3122:Archduke John of Austria
2062:"Ludovicus IV Imperator"
2057:(German Digital Library)
1999:The Green Count of Savoy
1983:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1979:Arblaster, Paul (2018).
1972:
1757:Richard Doebner (1875).
1636:Encyclopaedia Britannica
1395:Cangrande II della Scala
1337:(1325 – 1374), married:
1280:Louis V, Duke of Bavaria
1113:to his Habsburg cousins
913:, deposed on grounds of
659:and had to renounce the
382:Louis V, Duke of Bavaria
4671:(Ingolstadt: 1443–1445)
4663:(Ingolstadt: 1413–1443)
2045:German National Library
1997:Cox, Eugene L. (1967).
1632:"John, King of Bohemia"
1376:John I of Lower Bavaria
1235:Günther von Schwarzburg
1179:Conflict with Luxemburg
1128:With the death of duke
1081:had died out. With the
1012:in the Kastorkirche at
956:Franciscan theologians
695:. In reaction, the pro-
549:until 1329, and became
543:Margrave of Brandenburg
407:Otto V, Duke of Bavaria
4615:(Straubing: 1417-1425)
4607:(Straubing: 1417-1429)
4599:(Straubing: 1404–1417)
4591:(Straubing: 1389–1397)
4337:(1070–1077, 1096–1101)
4313:(1053–1054, 1055–1061)
4281:(1004–1009, 1017–1026)
2300:Frederick the Handsome
2100:
2068:
1309:– died shortly after).
1229:. He is buried in the
1188:
1169:Margaret II of Hainaut
1066:
977:Humbert II of Viennois
964:, and the philosopher
953:
935:Frederick II of Sicily
931:Robert, King of Naples
875:
834:
493:
484:
475:
462:
454:
231:1301 – 11 October 1347
177:1328 – 11 October 1347
71:Frederick the Handsome
4719:(Landshut: 1479–1503)
4711:(Landshut: 1450–1479)
4660:Louis VII the Bearded
4612:John III the Pitiless
4273:(995–1004, 1009–1017)
4262:Henry III the Younger
4182:Louis III the Younger
2207:Duke of Upper Bavaria
2160:Duke of Lower Bavaria
2108:University of Marburg
1847:(3). JSTOR: 369–392.
1774:Bernd Schneidmüller.
1356:Gerlach von Hohenlohe
1186:
1146:John Henry of Bohemia
1119:Otto, Duke of Austria
1097:. After the death of
1064:
1005:declaration at Rhense
951:
873:
832:
657:Battle of Gammelsdorf
593:, a daughter of King
551:Duke of Lower Bavaria
535:Duke of Upper Bavaria
460:
452:
4849:Nobility from Munich
4844:House of Wittelsbach
4819:14th-century regents
4636:Frederick I the Wise
4422:Otto the Illustrious
4382:Henry XI Jasomirgott
3883:Lothair III (or II)
3236:between 476 and 1556
3135:German Confederation
3089:German Confederation
2124:House of Wittelsbach
1853:10.3790/zhf.40.3.369
1676:John Powell (2001).
1418:William V of Holland
1405:on 22 November 1350;
1349:Charles I of Hungary
1204:Imperial Free Cities
1039:Frankfurt Trade Fair
706:On 19 October 1314,
4757:William V the Pious
4695:(Munich: 1460–1463)
4687:(Munich: 1438–1460)
4430:Louis II the Strict
4409:(Regent: 1183–1191)
4209:(Margrave: 895–907)
4201:(Margrave: 890–895)
4166:Louis II the German
2674:Carolingian dynasty
2661:Monarchs of Germany
2370:Holy Roman emperors
2094:"digitalised image"
2089:Heilig-Geist-Spital
1706:Lithuania Ascending
1440:Otto V the Bavarian
1434:Albert I of Holland
1252:Beatrice of Silesia
1246:Family and children
1142:Margarete Maultasch
1069:In 1323 Louis gave
1021:Imperial privileges
888:Galeazzo I Visconti
824:Treaty of Trausnitz
747:Archbishop of Mainz
442:Matilda of Habsburg
320:Beatrix of Świdnica
53:Munich Frauenkirche
4724:Albert IV the Wise
4676:Henry XVI the Rich
4547:(Upper: 1361–1363)
4513:(Lower: 1339–1340)
4505:(Lower: 1310–1339)
4497:(Lower: 1310–1334)
4489:(Lower: 1312–1333)
4481:(Upper: 1294–1317)
4465:(Lower: 1290–1312)
4457:(Lower: 1290–1310)
4449:(Lower: 1290–1296)
4441:(Lower: 1253–1290)
4390:Henry XII the Lion
4358:Henry IX the Black
4249:(955–976, 985–995)
4042:Bavaria-Ingolstadt
2759:Kingdom of Germany
2723:Kingdom of Germany
2329:Holy Roman Emperor
2119:Louis the Bavarian
1781:. Uni Heidelberg.
1524:Hubertus Seibert.
1382:Louis VI the Roman
1189:
1067:
966:Marsilius of Padua
954:
945:on 28 April 1330.
923:Pietro Rainalducci
909:), who resided in
876:
860:Holy Roman Emperor
856:King of the Romans
835:
789:Battle of Mühldorf
732:Henry of Carinthia
629:Frederick the Fair
581:Louis was born in
524:Battle of Mühldorf
520:Frederick the Fair
506:Holy Roman Emperor
498:King of the Romans
463:
455:
168:Holy Roman Emperor
91:25 November 1314 (
61:King of the Romans
4829:Counts of Holland
4824:Counts of Hainaut
4776:
4775:
4716:George I the Rich
4708:Louis IX the Rich
4057:Bavaria-Straubing
3982:
3981:
3793:Holy Roman Empire
3200:
3199:
3126:
3125:(Imperial Regent)
2764:Holy Roman Empire
2693:Louis the Younger
2627:
2626:
2337:
2336:
2306:Succeeded by
2267:Succeeded by
2225:Succeeded by
2167:Succeeded by
1891:978-3-17-023234-1
1882:Kohlhammer Verlag
1743:978-1-5312-4075-2
1716:978-1-107-65876-9
1590:978-3-638-30839-7
1503:978-3-7917-6013-1
1240:Rupert of Germany
1220:John of Luxemburg
1212:William of Ockham
1109:on 2 May 1335 in
962:William of Ockham
958:Michael of Cesena
884:Kingdom of Naples
693:House of Habsburg
571:his wife Margaret
494:Ludovicus Bavarus
447:
446:
223:
185:17 January 1328 (
73:
16:(Redirected from
4866:
4510:John I the Child
4398:Otto the Redhead
4326:Otto of Nordheim
4047:Bavaria-Landshut
4027:Duchy of Bavaria
4016:Dukes of Bavaria
4009:
4002:
3995:
3986:
3985:
3974:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3942:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3902:
3894:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3814:
3806:
3787:Kingdom of Italy
3777:
3769:
3755:
3747:
3739:
3725:
3711:
3703:
3689:
3662:
3654:
3646:
3638:
3630:
3622:
3614:
3606:
3598:
3590:
3569:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3529:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3385:
3377:
3367:
3359:
3338:
3330:
3322:
3314:
3306:
3298:
3290:
3282:
3264:
3252:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3204:
3203:
3124:
2683:Louis the German
2654:
2647:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2617:
2616:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2340:
2339:
2281:Preceded by
2245:Count of Hainaut
2238:William the Bold
2235:Preceded by
2197:Preceded by
2150:Preceded by
2140:
2133:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2103:
2091:) in Nuremberg,
2075:
2071:
2019:
2010:
1993:
1984:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1905:Michael Menzel.
1902:
1896:
1895:
1884:. pp. 81–.
1871:
1865:
1864:
1836:
1830:
1818:Urban, William.
1816:
1810:
1809:, p. 25-27.
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1787:
1780:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1574:
1565:
1559:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1537:
1530:
1521:
1508:
1507:
1487:
1408:Count Ulrich of
1369:
1366:
1308:
1305:
1227:Fürstenfeldbruck
1218:Charles' father
1099:Henry of Bohemia
1079:House of Ascania
1047:Hanseatic League
1027:Teutonic Knights
981:Kingdom of Arles
699:party among the
545:until 1323, and
487:
485:Ludwig der Bayer
473:
360:
358:
335:
333:
303:Fürstenfeldbruck
298:
219:until 1317 with
218:
69:until 1330 with
68:
49:
37:
36:
32:Louis the German
21:
18:Emperor Louis IV
4874:
4873:
4869:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4193:(King: 882–887)
4190:Charles the Fat
4185:(King: 880–882)
4177:(King: 876–880)
4169:(King: 817–843)
4061:
4018:
4013:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3828:
3820:
3812:
3804:
3795:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3767:
3753:
3745:
3737:
3723:
3709:
3701:
3687:
3672:
3666:
3660:
3652:
3644:
3636:
3628:
3620:
3612:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3573:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3527:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3365:
3357:
3342:
3336:
3328:
3320:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3265:
3256:
3250:
3237:
3231:
3201:
3196:
3167:
3148:
3129:
3107:
3083:
3064:
2931:Frederick (III)
2762:
2753:
2721:
2712:
2708:Louis the Child
2698:Charles the Fat
2672:
2663:
2658:
2628:
2623:
2605:
2372:
2367:
2332:
2321:
2311:
2296:
2294:
2291:King of Germany
2286:
2276:
2274:William the Mad
2272:
2258:
2256:
2240:
2230:
2221:
2210:
2202:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2163:
2155:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2092:
2083:Regesta Imperii
2060:
2026:
1975:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1872:
1868:
1837:
1833:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1772:
1768:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1674:
1670:
1657:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1583:. GRIN Verlag.
1575:
1568:
1560:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1511:
1504:
1488:
1469:
1465:
1452:
1370:– 3 June 1361,
1367:
1306:
1248:
1216:Battle of Crécy
1200:Pope Clement VI
1181:
1167:upon his wife,
1101:, the duchy of
1089:to his nephews
1083:Treaty of Pavia
1059:
1057:Dynastic policy
1023:
989:King Edward III
899:Sciarra Colonna
868:
812:John of Bohemia
799:were captured.
755:John of Bohemia
743:Peter of Aspelt
736:King of Bohemia
701:prince electors
685:prince-electors
669:
579:
504:from 1327, and
469:
411:
363:
362:
359: 1324)
354:
350:
347:
337:
329:
325:
322:
300:
296:
295:11 October 1347
284:
217:
215:Duke of Bavaria
67:
65:King of Germany
63:
55:
51:Tomb effigy at
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4872:
4862:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4770:
4762:
4754:
4746:
4737:
4729:
4721:
4713:
4705:
4697:
4689:
4681:
4673:
4665:
4657:
4649:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4617:
4609:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4576:
4567:
4558:
4549:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4451:
4443:
4435:
4427:
4419:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4379:
4371:
4363:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4331:
4323:
4315:
4307:
4299:
4291:
4283:
4275:
4267:
4259:
4251:
4243:
4235:
4227:
4219:
4211:
4203:
4195:
4187:
4179:
4171:
4163:
4155:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4107:
4099:
4091:
4083:
4075:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4052:Bavaria-Munich
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3968:
3963:Frederick III
3960:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3912:
3904:
3896:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3864:
3856:
3848:
3840:
3832:
3824:
3816:
3808:
3799:
3797:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3771:
3757:
3749:
3741:
3727:
3713:
3705:
3691:
3676:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3656:
3648:
3640:
3632:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3592:
3583:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3547:
3539:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3507:
3499:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3435:
3427:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3369:
3361:
3352:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3332:
3324:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3238:
3234:Kings of Italy
3230:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3207:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3144:Franz Joseph I
3140:
3138:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2832:Lothair II/III
2829:
2824:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2769:
2767:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2343:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2268:
2265:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2168:
2165:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2145:Regnal titles
2142:
2141:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2112:
2085:
2076:
2058:
2048:
2037:
2036:
2025:
2024:External links
2022:
2021:
2020:
2011:
1994:
1985:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1966:, p. 266.
1964:Arblaster 2018
1956:
1952:Blockmans 2015
1944:
1930:
1897:
1890:
1866:
1831:
1811:
1799:
1766:
1749:
1742:
1722:
1715:
1695:
1688:
1668:
1648:
1623:
1617:978-0195334036
1616:
1596:
1589:
1566:
1564:, p. 387.
1549:
1509:
1502:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1399:Lord of Verona
1385:
1379:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1320:
1319:
1310:
1300:
1290:
1277:
1274:
1265:), married at
1247:
1244:
1180:
1177:
1058:
1055:
1041:, and in 1340
1022:
1019:
993:King Philip VI
867:
864:
850:was signed at
848:another treaty
820:excommunicated
816:Pope John XXII
668:
665:
578:
575:
528:Pope John XXII
445:
444:
439:
435:
434:
429:
425:
424:
419:
413:
412:
410:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
373:
371:
365:
364:
352:
348:
343:
342:
341:
340:
327:
323:
318:
317:
316:
315:
312:
310:
306:
305:
299:(aged 65)
293:
289:
288:
281:
277:
276:
273:
272:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
183:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
89:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
57:
56:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4871:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:Agnes of Loon
4404:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4121:(c.716–c.719)
4119:
4116:
4114:
4113:(c.716–c.719)
4111:
4108:
4106:
4105:(c.716–c.719)
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4037:Lower Bavaria
4035:
4033:
4032:Upper Bavaria
4030:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4010:
4005:
4003:
3998:
3996:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3975:
3969:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3951:
3945:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3923:Frederick II
3921:
3919:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3889:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3863:
3857:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3839:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3756:
3750:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3726:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3704:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3690:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3639:
3633:
3631:
3625:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3609:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3418:
3412:
3410:
3404:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3263:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3221:
3216:
3214:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:Frederick III
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3173:German Empire
3170:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3113:German Empire
3110:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3015:Ferdinand III
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2995:Maximilian II
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:Frederick III
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2655:
2650:
2648:
2643:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2620:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2561:Ferdinand III
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:Maximilian II
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Frederick III
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2359:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2318:King of Italy
2314:
2310:
2303:
2301:
2293:
2292:
2285:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2263:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2154:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2116:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1965:
1960:
1954:, p. 67.
1953:
1948:
1942:(in German) .
1941:
1940:
1934:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1893:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1829:
1828:1-85367-535-0
1825:
1821:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1689:9780893560164
1685:
1681:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1653:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1619:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1505:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1401:(d. 1359) in
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1317:Lower Bavaria
1314:
1311:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1010:Imperial Diet
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
985:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
950:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
907:Jacques Duèze
904:
900:
896:
891:
889:
885:
881:
872:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
831:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
781:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
716:Sachsenhausen
713:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
622:Lower Bavaria
619:
615:
611:
610:Upper Bavaria
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
585:, the son of
584:
574:
572:
569:in 1345 when
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
533:Louis IV was
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
507:
503:
502:King of Italy
499:
495:
491:
486:
481:
477:
472:
467:
459:
451:
443:
440:
436:
433:
430:
426:
423:
420:
418:
414:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
374:
372:
370:
366:
346:
339:
338:
321:
314:
313:
311:
307:
304:
294:
290:
287:
282:
278:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
248:
244:
241:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
216:
212:
209:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
141:
138:31 May 1327 (
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
121:King of Italy
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
4767:
4765:Maximilian I
4759:
4751:
4743:
4734:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4573:
4564:
4555:
4546:
4538:
4529:
4520:
4517:
4512:
4504:
4496:
4488:
4480:
4472:
4464:
4456:
4448:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4400:
4392:
4384:
4376:
4368:
4360:
4352:
4344:
4336:
4328:
4320:
4312:
4304:
4296:
4288:
4280:
4272:
4264:
4256:
4248:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4216:
4208:
4200:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4144:
4136:
4128:
4120:
4112:
4104:
4096:
4088:
4080:
4072:
3938:
3899:Frederick I
3766:Berengar II
3759:
3729:
3715:
3693:
3679:
3671:Non-dynastic
3643:Charles III
3587:Charlemagne
3579:Carolingians
3372:
3242:Non-dynastic
3020:Ferdinand IV
3010:Ferdinand II
2980:Maximilian I
2957:
2940:
2925:
2898:
2883:Henry (VIII)
2881:
2867:Frederick II
2822:Conrad (III)
2814:
2807:
2741:
2718:East Francia
2669:East Francia
2556:Ferdinand II
2526:Maximilian I
2505:
2496:Frederick II
2327:
2316:
2297:
2289:
2259:
2243:
2216:
2205:
2158:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2097:
2088:
2081:im Opac der
2065:
2015:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1959:
1947:
1938:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1900:
1876:
1869:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1819:
1814:
1802:
1790:. Retrieved
1769:
1759:
1752:
1732:
1725:
1705:
1698:
1678:
1671:
1661:
1639:. Retrieved
1635:
1626:
1606:
1599:
1579:
1540:. Retrieved
1492:
1391:), married:
1321:
1269:1 July 1329
1249:
1231:Frauenkirche
1224:
1190:
1150:
1127:
1068:
1035:
1024:
997:Benedict XII
986:
974:
955:
925:as antipope
906:
902:
892:
877:
836:
801:
782:
767:
740:
705:
670:
637:guardianship
626:
599:
580:
532:
510:
480:the Bavarian
479:
465:
464:
297:(1347-10-11)
283:1 April 1282
4799:1347 deaths
4794:1282 births
4768:(1597–1623)
4760:(1579–1597)
4752:(1550–1579)
4744:(1516–1545)
4620:William III
4556:(1347–1365)
4425:(1231–1253)
4417:(1183–1231)
4401:(1180–1183)
4393:(1156–1180)
4385:(1143–1156)
4377:(1139–1141)
4369:(1126–1138)
4361:(1120–1126)
4353:(1101–1120)
4345:(1077–1096)
4329:(1061–1070)
4321:(1054–1055)
4305:(1049–1053)
4297:(1042–1047)
4289:(1026–1042)
4158:Tassilo III
4097:(c.680–716)
4086:Garibald II
3973:(1530–1556)
3965:(1452–1493)
3957:(1431–1437)
3949:(1355–1378)
3947:Charles IV
3941:(1327–1347)
3933:(1311–1313)
3925:(1212–1250)
3917:(1209–1212)
3909:(1186–1197)
3901:(1154–1186)
3893:(1138–1152)
3891:Conrad III
3885:(1125–1137)
3877:(1106–1125)
3869:(1093–1101)
3861:(1056–1105)
3853:(1039–1056)
3845:(1026–1039)
3837:(1004–1024)
3829:(1002–1014)
3752:Lothair II
3686:Berengar I
3681:Unruochings
3627:Charles II
3566:Desiderius
3542:Hildeprand
3518:Aripert II
3373:Interregnum
3175:(1871–1918)
3156:(1867–1871)
3137:(1850–1866)
3115:(1848/1849)
3103:Ferdinand I
3091:(1815–1848)
3072:(1806–1813)
3040:Charles VII
2990:Ferdinand I
2872:Henry (VII)
2847:Frederick I
2581:Charles VII
2536:Ferdinand I
2481:Frederick I
2476:Lothair III
2406:Charles III
2381:Charlemagne
2270:Margaret II
2262:Margaret II
2034:LBA Marburg
1763:. Keyssner.
1562:Thomas 2010
1410:Württemberg
1372:Fontenelles
1368: 1326
1340:in 1351 in
1307: 1318
1286:, count of
1284:Brandenburg
1071:Brandenburg
943:Ettal Abbey
778:Switzerland
718:, south of
710:chaired an
500:from 1314,
422:Wittelsbach
301:Puch, near
236:Predecessor
194:Predecessor
147:Predecessor
100:Predecessor
4783:Categories
4684:Albert III
4604:Jacqueline
4596:William II
4561:Stephen II
4544:Meinhard I
4438:Henry XIII
4342:Henry VIII
4310:Henry VIII
4118:Tassilo II
4070:Garibald I
3971:Charles V
3955:Sigismund
3931:Henry VII
3867:Conrad II
3851:Henry III
3843:Conrad II
3821:(996–1002)
3796:(962–1556)
3611:Lothair I
3534:Liutprand
3510:Raginpert
3470:Perctarit
3446:Perctarit
3430:Aripert I
3295:Theodahad
3287:Athalaric
3279:Theodoric
3271:Ostrogoths
3192:William II
3079:Napoleon I
3060:Francis II
3055:Leopold II
3035:Charles VI
2948:Wenceslaus
2936:Charles IV
2842:Henry (VI)
2837:Conrad III
2766:(962–1806)
2761:within the
2671:during the
2601:Francis II
2596:Leopold II
2576:Charles VI
2546:Rudolph II
2511:Charles IV
2401:Charles II
2333:1328–1347
2322:1327–1347
2309:Charles IV
2222:1319–1329
2211:1301–1347
2174:Stephen II
2164:1340–1347
1463:References
1378:(d. 1340).
1374:) married
1313:Stephen II
1196:Charles IV
1087:Palatinate
927:Nicholas V
919:Franciscan
808:Schwandorf
697:Luxembourg
679:, King of
254:Stephen II
208:Charles IV
182:Coronation
161:Charles IV
135:Coronation
114:Charles IV
87:Coronation
4700:Sigismund
4588:Albert II
4570:William I
4502:Henry XIV
4478:Rudolph I
4454:Stephen I
4446:Louis III
4374:Leopold I
4318:Conrad II
4294:Henry VII
4265:(983–985)
4257:(976–982)
4241:(947–955)
4233:(938–947)
4225:(937–938)
4217:(907–937)
4161:(748–788)
4145:(736–748)
4137:(725–736)
4129:(715–725)
4102:Theodbert
4089:(610–625)
4081:(591–610)
4078:Tassilo I
4073:(555–591)
3939:Louis IV
3907:Henry VI
3859:Henry IV
3835:Henry II
3827:Arduin I
3819:Otto III
3813:(980–983)
3805:(962–973)
3776:(950–963)
3774:Adalbert
3768:(950–963)
3761:Anscarids
3754:(945–950)
3746:(926–947)
3738:(900–905)
3736:Louis II
3724:(922–933)
3710:(891–897)
3702:(889–894)
3695:Guideschi
3688:(887–924)
3653:(896–899)
3645:(879–887)
3637:(877–879)
3635:Carloman
3629:(875–877)
3621:(855–875)
3613:(818–855)
3605:(810–818)
3597:(781–810)
3589:(774–814)
3568:(756–774)
3560:(749–756)
3552:(744–749)
3536:(712–744)
3526:Ansprand
3520:(702–712)
3504:(700–702)
3502:Liutpert
3496:(689–700)
3494:Cunipert
3480:(688–689)
3478:Cunipert
3472:(671–688)
3462:Garibald
3456:(662–671)
3454:Grimoald
3448:(661–662)
3440:(661–662)
3438:Godepert
3432:(653–661)
3424:(652–653)
3416:(636-652)
3408:(626–636)
3400:(616–626)
3398:Adaloald
3392:(590–616)
3384:(584–590)
3376:(574–584)
3366:(572–574)
3358:(568–572)
3337:(552–553)
3329:(541–552)
3313:(540–541)
3305:(536–540)
3297:(534–536)
3289:(526–534)
3281:(493–526)
3251:(476–493)
3182:William I
3163:William I
3098:Francis I
3050:Joseph II
3045:Francis I
3025:Leopold I
3000:Rudolf II
2985:Charles V
2970:Albert II
2965:Sigismund
2921:Henry VII
2877:Conrad IV
2798:Henry III
2793:Conrad II
2725:(919–962)
2720:(911–919)
2676:(843–911)
2591:Joseph II
2586:Francis I
2566:Leopold I
2531:Charles V
2516:Sigismund
2501:Henry VII
2461:Henry III
2456:Conrad II
2426:Louis III
2391:Lothair I
2295:1314–1347
2284:Henry VII
2257:1345–1347
2228:Rudolf II
2182:William I
2047:catalogue
1641:30 August
1389:Stuttgart
1273:(d. 1349)
1267:Nuremberg
1193:Luxemburg
1165:Friesland
1103:Carinthia
1031:Lithuania
970:Alter Hof
901:, called
804:Trausnitz
761:and Duke
753:and King
720:Frankfurt
691:, of the
673:Henry VII
641:Henry XIV
633:Leopold I
595:Rudolph I
567:Friesland
471:‹See Tfd›
262:William I
246:Successor
204:Successor
198:Henry VII
157:Successor
151:Henry VII
110:Successor
104:Henry VII
4579:Albert I
4552:Louis VI
4518:Louis IV
4462:Otto III
4302:Conrad I
4286:Henry VI
4270:Henry IV
4230:Berthold
4222:Eberhard
4206:Luitpold
4198:Engeldeo
4174:Carloman
4126:Grimoald
4110:Theobald
3915:Otto IV
3875:Henry V
3811:Otto II
3731:Bosonids
3722:Rudolph
3708:Lambert
3619:Louis I
3603:Bernard
3558:Aistulf
3550:Ratchis
3422:Rodoald
3414:Rothari
3406:Arioald
3390:Agilulf
3382:Authari
3348:Lombards
3311:Ildibad
3303:Vitiges
3249:Odoacer
3030:Joseph I
3005:Matthias
2926:Louis IV
2916:Albert I
2906:Rudolf I
2852:Henry VI
2803:Henry IV
2788:Henry II
2783:Otto III
2732:Conrad I
2688:Carloman
2619:Category
2571:Joseph I
2551:Matthias
2506:Louis IV
2486:Henry VI
2466:Henry IV
2451:Henry II
2446:Otto III
2431:Berengar
2396:Louis II
2200:Rudolf I
2186:Albert I
2178:Louis VI
2018:. Brill.
2007:67-11030
1923:March 1,
1914:Archived
1861:43612325
1807:Cox 1967
1792:March 1,
1783:Archived
1542:March 1,
1533:Archived
1450:See also
1354:1357/58
1335:Margaret
1259:Mathilda
1206:and the
1121:, while
1014:Coblence
844:electors
806:Castle (
797:Salzburg
689:Albert I
661:tutelage
653:Otto III
649:Henry XV
618:Albert I
614:Habsburg
606:Rudolf I
587:Louis II
539:Rudolf I
516:Habsburg
474:German:
466:Louis IV
266:Albert I
258:Louis VI
240:Rudolf I
221:Rudolf I
40:Louis IV
4742:, Duke
4740:Louis X
4692:John IV
4644:John II
4494:Otto VI
4470:Matilda
4414:Louis I
4366:Henry X
4350:Welf II
4278:Henry V
4238:Henry I
4134:Hugbert
3803:Otto I
3789:within
3659:Ratold
3651:Arnulf
3486:Alahis
3356:Alboin
3327:Totila
3319:Eraric
2942:Günther
2900:Alfonso
2894:Richard
2889:William
2862:Otto IV
2827:Henry V
2816:Hermann
2778:Otto II
2737:Henry I
2491:Otto IV
2471:Henry V
2441:Otto II
2416:Lambert
2386:Louis I
2253:Zeeland
2249:Holland
2170:Louis V
2053:in the
2043:in the
1328:Holland
1302:Agnes (
1208:knights
1161:Zeeland
1157:Holland
1153:Hainaut
1075:Louis V
1001:Avignon
911:Avignon
818:, who
793:Ampfing
785:Leopold
681:Bohemia
645:Otto IV
591:Matilda
563:Zeeland
559:Holland
555:Hainaut
518:cousin
496:), was
361:
353:
349:
336:
328:
324:
309:Spouses
250:Louis V
4628:Ernest
4526:Otto V
4334:Welf I
4254:Otto I
4214:Arnulf
4094:Theodo
3595:Pepin
3364:Cleph
2953:Rupert
2857:Philip
2809:Rudolf
2773:Otto I
2749:Otto I
2743:Arnulf
2703:Arnulf
2436:Otto I
2421:Arnulf
2251:, and
2190:Otto V
2153:John I
2135:
2005:
1888:
1859:
1826:
1740:
1713:
1686:
1614:
1587:
1500:
1428:Munich
1403:Verona
1363:Anna (
1263:Meißen
1163:, and
1134:mother
1130:John I
1117:, and
1095:Rupert
1091:Rudolf
1051:gulden
1043:Lübeck
915:heresy
840:Empire
770:Aachen
730:, and
647:, and
602:Vienna
583:Munich
565:, and
541:, was
476:Ludwig
438:Mother
428:Father
286:Munich
270:Otto V
93:Aachen
4153:(748)
4150:Grifo
4142:Odilo
3744:Hugh
3717:Welfs
3661:(896)
3544:(744)
3528:(712)
3512:(701)
3488:(689)
3464:(671)
3335:Teia
3321:(541)
2959:Jobst
2911:Adolf
2298:with
2260:with
2137:Died:
2130:Born:
1973:Books
1917:(PDF)
1910:(PDF)
1857:JSTOR
1786:(PDF)
1779:(PDF)
1536:(PDF)
1529:(PDF)
1424:Agnes
1297:Kastl
1288:Tyrol
1144:with
1138:Tyrol
1123:Tyrol
880:Milan
490:Latin
417:House
369:Issue
355:(
351:
330:(
326:
228:Reign
174:Reign
140:Milan
127:Reign
78:Reign
3791:the
3700:Guy
2139:1347
2132:1282
2003:LCCN
1925:2020
1886:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1794:2020
1738:ISBN
1711:ISBN
1684:ISBN
1643:2018
1612:ISBN
1585:ISBN
1544:2020
1498:ISBN
1342:Ofen
1326:and
1293:Anna
1111:Linz
1107:fief
1093:and
979:the
960:and
939:Pisa
895:Rome
774:Bonn
677:John
292:Died
280:Born
268:and
187:Rome
4581:,
4572:,
4563:,
4554:,
4537:,
4528:,
2411:Guy
1849:doi
1173:one
999:in
852:Ulm
714:at
608:in
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1470:^
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1155:,
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561:,
557:,
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332:m.
264:,
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256:,
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2646:t
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2355:t
2348:v
2110:.
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2074:.
2072:)
2009:.
1927:.
1894:.
1863:.
1851::
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