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198:, No. 25 (January). In 1910, twenty-seven of his photographs were exhibited at a major exhibition in Buffalo, New York. The catalog for this show described Eugene as the first photographer to make successful platinum prints on Japan tissue. Ten more of his gravures published in Camera Work, No.30 (April), and fourteen additional images appear in No.31 (July).
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The very boldness with which Eugene manipulated the negative by scratching and painting forced even those with strong sympathy for the purist line of thinking like White, Day and
Stieglitz to admire Eugene's particular touch... created a new syntax for the photographic vocabularity, for no one before
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Eugene was born in New York City as Frank Eugene Smith. His father was
Frederick Smith, a German baker who changed his last name from Schmid after moving to America in the late 1850s. His mother was Hermine Selinger Smith, a singer who performed in local German beer halls and theaters.
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In 1913, he was appointed Royal
Professor of Pictorial Photography by the Royal Academy of the Graphic Arts of Leipzig. This professorship, created especially for Eugene, is the first chair for pictorial photography anywhere in the world. Two years later Eugene
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After graduating from the
Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, he started a career as a theatrical portraitist, drawing portraits of actors and actresses. He continued his interest in photography, although little is known of his teachers or
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wrote a review of the show, saying "It is the first time that a truly artistic temperament, a painter of generally recognized accomplishments and ability asserts itself in
American photography."
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More than any other photographer of the early 20th century, Eugene was recognized as the master of the manipulated image. Photographic historian Weston Naef described his style this way:
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State
Government Subsidised Educational Institution. At this point, photography rather than painting became his primary interest. He experimented with the new color process of
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In 1906, Eugene moved permanently to
Germany. He was recognized there both as a painter and a photographer, but initially he worked primarily with prominent painters such as
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and became a citizen of
Germany. He continued teaching for many years and was head of the photography department at the Royal Academy until it closed in 1927.
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him had hand-worked negatives with such painterly intentions and a skill unsurpassed by his successors.
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In early 1901, he traveled to Egypt. He returned a few months later and met with photographer
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About 1880, Eugene began to photograph for amusement, possibly while he was attending the
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in
Narragansett, R.I., during the summer. In late 1902, Eugene becomes a Founder of the
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Keep a Movin'! For Monkey * Fan * Tiger or Dove- Dough or Fame- Same Old Game as Love
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and a member of its governing
Council. In 1904, a gravure of his was published in
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He returned to the United States, and in 1899, he exhibited photographs at the
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and one of the first university-level professors of photography in the world.
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was devoted to his art, an honor accorded only a few other photographers.
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The Collection of Alfred Stieglitz: Fifty Pioneers of Modern Photography
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A year later he became a lecturer on pictorial photography at the "
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In 1909, two more of his gravures were published in
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Reviews of the Exhibition of Prints by Frank Eugene
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218:Eugene died of heart failure in Munich in 1936.
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173:Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt fĂĽr Photographie
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321:. Munich: Nazraeli Press. pp. 15–25.
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332:Sadakichi Hartmann (December 1899).
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213:gave up his U.S. citizenship
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255:Metropolitan Museum of Art
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394:at Wikimedia Commons
367:Weston Naef (1978).
347:J. Wells Champney.
280:Nude study, c. 1908
268:Nude study, c. 1900
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413:1936 deaths
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196:Camera Work
181:Autochromes
141:Camera Work
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402:Categories
301:References
49:Early life
24:Autochrome
236:Male Nude
166:Franz Roh
177:Bavarian
253:at the
295:, 1910
238:, 1897
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69:Career
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222:Works
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