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through a series of shaping stands which form the round HSS (mother tube) into the final square or rectangular shape. Most
American manufacturers adhere to the ASTM A500 or newly adopted ASTM A1085 standards, while Canadian manufacturers follow both ASTM A500 and CSA G40.21. European hollow sections are generally in accordance with the EN 10210 standard.
415:) made of HSS are often filled, to at least bumper height, with concrete. This is an inexpensive (when replacement costs are factored in) way of adding compressive strength to the bollard, which can help prevent unsightly local denting, though it does not generally significantly increase the overall structural properties of the bollard.
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is actually dimensioned and classed differently from HSS. (HSS dimensions are based on exterior dimensions of the profile; pipes are also manufactured to an exterior tolerance, albeit to a different standard.) The corners of HSS are heavily rounded, having a radius which is approximately twice the
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HSS, especially rectangular sections, are commonly used in welded steel frames where members experience loading in multiple directions. Square and circular HSS have very efficient shapes for this multiple-axis loading as they have uniform geometry along two or more cross-sectional axes, and thus
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Square HSS is made the same way as pipe. During the manufacturing process flat steel plate is gradually changed in shape to become round where the edges are presented ready to weld. The edges are then welded together to form the mother tube. During the manufacturing process the mother tube goes
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is not used. Rather, the three basic shapes are referenced as CHS, SHS, and RHS, being circular, square, and rectangular hollow sections. Typically, these designations will also relate to metric sizes, thus the dimensions and tolerances differ slightly from HSS.
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The flat square surfaces of rectangular HSS can ease construction, and they are sometimes preferred for architectural aesthetics in exposed structures, although elliptical HSS are becoming more popular in exposed structures for the same aesthetic reasons.
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HSS members can be circular, square, or rectangular sections, although other shapes such as elliptical are also available. HSS is only composed of
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HSS is often filled with concrete to improve fire rating, as well as robustness. When this is done, the product is referred to as a
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shapes are in many cases a more efficient structural shape for this application. However, the HSS has superior resistance to
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In the UK, or other countries which follow
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after its inventor John Lally of
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Architectural AISthetics (Opening
Keynote Address for digifest 2004)
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A hot-rolled HSS-box section cut open with a bandsaw, demonstrating
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uniform strength characteristics. This makes them good choices for
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wall thickness. The wall thickness is uniform around the section.
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19:"Structural tubing" redirects here. For other uses, see
298:. Rectangular and square HSS are also commonly called
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196:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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378:mild steel
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309:steel pipe
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419:See also
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217:May 2020
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