31:
1411:
244:
3544:
1435:
3567:
458:
1208:
4111:
1423:
1346:
jalapeños become contaminated, as was the case in the 2008 outbreak. Jalapeños have similar microbial properties to tomatoes. The outer layer of their skin provides a safe environment for pathogens to survive, and if damaged or chopped provides a growth medium for these pathogens. Washing fresh jalapeños is important to reduce pathogen counts both at the farm and consumer level, but without cold storage it is insufficient to prevent pathogen spread.
1447:
583:, very low for chilies, and do not respond to ethylene treatment. Holding jalapeños at 20–25 °C and high humidity can be used to complete the ripening of picked jalapeños. A hot water dip of 55 °C (131 °F) for 4 minutes is used to kill off molds that may exist on the picked peppers without damaging them. The majority of jalapeños are wet processed, canned, or pickled on harvesting for use in mixes, prepared food products, and
432:, for a total of 209,800 tonnes (462.5 million pounds) of peppers in 2014. It is difficult to get accurate statistics on chilies and specific chilies as growers are not fond of keeping and sharing such data and reporting agencies often lump all green chilies together, or all hot chilies, with no separation of pod type. In New Mexico in 2002 the crop of jalapeños were worth $ 3 million at the farm gate and $ 20 million with processing.
301:
4121:
3555:
1466:
82:
611:
hybrids are produced via recessive male sterility to eliminate the need to hand-pollinate, reducing the cost to produce the hybrid, but producing a 25% reduction in yield in the F2 generation. Some notable F1 hybrids are 'Mitla', 'Perfecto', 'Tula', 'Grande' (a hot jalapeño), 'Sayula', 'Senorita', and 'Torreon', most of them being developed and marketed by
Petoseed, a brand of
1199:
membranes, irritation can occur; some people who are particularly sensitive wear latex or vinyl gloves while handling peppers. If irritation does occur, washing the oils off with hot soapy water and applying vegetable oil to the skin may help. When preparing jalapeños, it is recommended that hands not come in contact with the eyes as this leads to burning and redness.
1191:'Grande'. As the peppers ripen their pungency increases, making red jalapeños to be generally hotter than green jalapeños, at least of the same variety. If the jalapeño plants were stressed by increased water salinity, erratic watering, temperature, light, soil nutrition, insects, or illness, this will increase their pungency.
477:. The growing period is 70–80 days. When mature, the plant stands 70–90 cm (2 ft 4 in – 2 ft 11 in) tall. Typically, a plant produces 25 to 35 pods. During a growing period, a plant will be picked multiple times. As the growing season ends, the peppers turn red, as seen in
618:
Cultivars are researched and created to promote desirable traits. Common traits selected for are resistance to viruses and other pepper-related diseases, milder peppers, early ripening, more attractive fruit in terms of size, wall thickness, and corking, and higher yields. The land-grant universities
498:
at least 7.5 millimolar (mM) nitrogen is needed for optimal pod production, and 15 to 22 mM nitrogen produces the best result: the plant produces both more leaves and more pods, rather than just more leaves. Once picked, individual peppers may turn to red of their own accord. The peppers can be eaten
485:
is 29 °C (84 °F), with degradation of germination seen above 30 °C (86 °F) and little to no germination occurring at 40 °C (104 °F); at 29 °C (84 °F) the time to 50% germination rate depends on cultivar and seed lot but was tested as being between 4 and 5 days,
1186:
heat units. The number of scars on the pepper, which appear as small brown lines, called 'corking', has a positive correlation with heat level, as growing conditions which increase heat level also cause the pepper to form scars. For US consumer markets, 'corking' is considered unattractive; however,
623:
promote the use of cultivars as the most sustainable and environmentally safe disease control method both in terms of economics and long-term environmental perspective. Notable cultivars include 'Early Jalapeño', 'TAM Mild Jalapeño', 'TAM Mild Jalapeño II', 'TAM Veracruz', the yellow 'TAM Jaloro',
1345:
led to increased research into the detection of pathogens on jalapeños, the frequency and behavior of foodborne illness related to jalapeños, and ways to prevent foodborne illnesses from fresh jalapeños. Contaminated irrigation water and processing water are the two most common methods by which
610:
F1 hybrids produce the highest and most uniform yields but cost 25 times the cost of open-pollinated seed, leading to only 2% of the farmland dedicated to jalapeño cultivation in the United States being planted with F1 hybrids. F2 hybrids often produce similarly to F1 hybrids; however, some F1
1190:
The heat level of jalapeños varies even for fruit from the same plant; however, some cultivars have been bred to be generally milder, and on the low side of the heat range, such as the 'TAM Milds' and 'Dulcito', and others to be generally hotter, and on the high end of the heat range, such as
391:
In 1999, roughly 43,000 hectares (107,000 acres) of land in Mexico was dedicated to jalapeño production; as of 2011, that had decreased to 41,000 hectares (101,000 acres). Jalapeños account for thirty percent of Mexico's chili production, and while the total land area used for cultivation has
1198:
and related compounds are concentrated in vesicles found in the placenta membrane surrounding the seeds; the vesicles appear white or yellow and fluoresce in the range of 530 to 600 nm when placed in violet light. If fresh chili peppers come in contact with the skin, eyes, lips or other
392:
decreased, there has been a 1.5% increase in volume yield per year in Mexico due to increasing irrigation, use of greenhouses, better equipment, knowledge, and improved techniques. Because of this, in 2009, 619,000 tons of jalapeños were produced with 42% of the crop coming from
1395:
National Day of
Recognition-September 5th has been deemed National Jalapeño Day in the United States. First year, 2024 at the Meredith, NH Jalapeño festival. The Second annual festival has been scheduled for September 5, 2025 in Meredith, NH and Palm Coast, FL.
2809:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
2919:
Arrowsmith, Sarah; Egan, Todd P.; Meekins, J. Forrest; Powers, Dale; Metcalfe, Marcia (March 2012). "Research
Article: Effects of salt stress on capsaicin content, growth, and fluorescence in a jalapeño cultivar of Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae)".
1324:, special precautions are needed to avoid illness and spread of the bacteria. Canning or packaging in calcium chloride increases the firmness of the peppers and the calcium content, whether or not the peppers are pickled as well as canned.
3249:
Castro-Rosas, Javier; Gómez-Aldapa, Carlos A.; Acevedo-Sandoval, Otilio A.; González Ramírez, Cesar A.; Villagomez-Ibarra, J. Roberto; Hernández, Norberto
Chavarría; Villarruel-López, Angélica; Torres-Vitela, M. del Refugio (1 June 2011).
412:
controls about 60% of the world market and, according to company published figures, exports 16% of the peppers that Mexico produces, an 80% share of the 20% that Mexico exports in total. The US imports 98% of La Costeña's exports.
2808:
1803:
Hill, Theresa A.; Ashrafi, Hamid; Reyes-Chin-Wo, Sebastian; Yao, JiQiang; Stoffel, Kevin; Truco, Maria-Jose; Kozik, Alexander; Michelmore, Richard W.; Van Deynze, Allen; Zhang, Jianwei (8 February 2013).
245:
3305:
Neetoo, Hudaa; Chen, Haiqiang (June 2012). "High pressure inactivation of
Salmonella on Jalapeño and Serrano peppers destined for direct consumption or as ingredients in Mexican salsa and guacamole".
1320:
Jalapeños are a low-acid food with a pH of 4.8–6.0 depending on maturity and individual pepper. If canned or pickled jalapeños appear gassy, mushy, moldy, or have a disagreeable odor, then to avoid
1666:"Characterization of different Capsicum varieties by evaluation of their capsaicinoids content by high performance liquid chromatography, determination of pungency and effect of high temperature"
3368:
Pao, Steven; Long, Wilbert; Kim, Chyer; Rafie, A. Reza (April 2012). "Population
Rebound and Its Prevention on Spray Washed and Non-washed Jalapeño Peppers and Roma Tomatoes in Humid Storage".
494:
of 4.5 to 7.0 is preferred for growing jalapeños, and well-drained soil is essential for healthy plants. Jalapeños need at least 6 to 8 hours of sunlight per day. Experiments show that unlike
1358:
as the official "State Pepper of Texas" in 1995. In Mexico, jalapeños are used in many forms such as in salsa, pico de gallo, or grilled jalapeños. Jalapeños were included as food on the
1280:
Armadillo eggs are jalapeños or similar chilis stuffed with cheese, coated in seasoned sausage meat and wrapped in bacon. The "eggs" are then grilled until the bacon starts to crisp.
518:; over-watering worsens the condition as the fungus grows best in warm wet environments. Crop rotation can help, and resistant strains of jalapeño, such as the 'NuMex Vaquero' and '
3219:
Howard, L.R.; Burma, P.; Wagner, A.B. (November 1994). "Firmness and Cell Wall
Characteristics of Pasteurized Jalapeño Pepper Rings Affected by Calcium Chloride and Acetic Acid".
288:. Commonly picked and consumed while still green, it is occasionally allowed to fully ripen and turn red, orange, or yellow. It is wider and generally milder than the similar
2787:
1747:
1896:
Powis, Terry G.; Gallaga
Murrieta, Emiliano; Lesure, Richard; Lopez Bravo, Roberto; Grivetti, Louis; Kucera, Heidi; Gaikwad, Nilesh W.; Hart, John P. (13 November 2013).
2860:
Tewksbury, Joshua J.; Reagan, Karen M.; Machnicki, Noelle J.; Carlo, Tomás A.; Haak, David C.; Calderón Peñaloza, Alejandra Lorena; Levey, Douglas J. (19 August 2008).
1182:
Compared with other chillies, the jalapeño heat level varies from mild to hot depending on cultivation and preparation and can have from a few thousand to over 10,000
481:. Jalapeños thrive in a number of soil types and temperatures, though they prefer warmer climates, provided they have adequate water. The optimum temperature for seed
1115:
579:
After harvest, if jalapeños are stored at 7.5 °C (45.5 °F) they have a shelf life of up to 3–5 weeks. Jalapeños produce 0.1–0.2 μL per kg per hour of
3424:
the designation of the jalapeno as the official State Pepper of Texas will provide suitable recognition for this delicious and indispensable staple of Texas cuisine
2225:
1806:"Characterization of Capsicum annuum Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Based on Parallel Polymorphism Discovery with a 30K Unigene Pepper GeneChip"
2990:"Novel Formation of Ectopic (Nonplacental) Capsaicinoid Secreting Vesicles on Fruit Walls Explains the Morphological Mechanism for Super-hot Chile Peppers"
4157:
3021:
1716:
1382:
jalapeño records at 275 pickled jalapeños in 8 minutes on 1 May 2011, and 191 pickled jalapeños in 6.5 minutes on 16 September 2007 in the 'Short-Form'.
5356:
2147:
2342:
522:', have been and are being bred as this is of major commercial impact throughout the world. As jalapeños are a cultivar, the diseases are common to
375:
made from chipotles, besides the sale of fresh chilies. The use of peppers in the
Americas dates back thousands of years, including the practice of
499:
green or red. Though usually grown as an annual they are perennial and if protected from frost can produce during multiple years, as with all
2064:
1150: oz) reference serving of raw jalapeños provides 120 kilojoules (29 kcal) of food energy, and is a rich source (20% or more of the
3601:
1778:
3403:
3129:
1559:
595:
There are a wide variety of breeds for consumer and commercial use of jalapeño plants. The majority fall under one of four categories:
2407:
1286:
are fresh jalapeños that are sauteed in oil until the skin is blistered all over. They are sometimes served with melted cheese on top.
3512:
3461:
2816:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
1338:
2779:
1755:
3192:
Saldana, Guadalupe; Meyer, Robert (September 1981). "Effects of Added Calcium on Texture and Quality of Canned Jalapeno Peppers".
4150:
1664:
González-Zamora, A; Sierra-Campos, E; Luna-Ortega, J. G; Pérez-Morales, R; Rodríguez Ortiz, J. C; García-Hernández, J. L (2013).
1590:
2957:"Impact of Drought Stress on the Accumulation of Capsaicinoids in Capsicum Cultivars with Different Initial Capsaicinoid Levels"
2373:
1410:
2821:
2835:
1494:
5272:
3052:
3156:
1216:
Stuffed jalapeños are hollowed-out fresh jalapeños (served cooked or raw) filled with seafood, meat, poultry, or cheese.
5376:
4143:
3886:
3867:
2233:
5264:
3936:
3571:
2197:
Carter, Anne K.; Vavrina, Charles S. (2001). "High Temperature Inhibits Germination of Jalapeño and Cayenne Pepper".
636:
Sweet hybridized varieties have been created with no "heat", although they retain the look and flavor of a jalapeño.
603:; cultivars which are F-11 or F-12 hybrids or later generations where a stable unique population has been developed;
221:
159:
3996:
3594:
2038:
2007:
1724:
3340:
3029:
2289:
1273:
are an appetizer; jalapeños are stuffed with cheese, usually cheddar or cream cheese, breaded or wrapped in
1111:
5371:
2775:
2155:
1528:
3559:
1371:
409:
5346:
4114:
3956:
3587:
2380:. College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University. Archived from
2350:
1585:
3436:
5277:
4618:
4568:
3610:
3547:
1533:
1370:
recognizes Alfredo Hernandes for the most jalapeños eaten in a minute: 16, on 17 September 2006 at the
1102:
383:
would be needed to determine the usage and existence of the jalapeño clade and pod type into the past.
1392:, operated a cannery in Guadalajara producing "Comadre Jalapeños" in order to ship cocaine to the US.
599:, where the parent plants have been hand-emasculated and cross-bred to produce uniform offspring with
5386:
5361:
2597:
1422:
2703:
2438:
5366:
5287:
5153:
4867:
3991:
1620:
4076:
2760:
2465:
2079:
358:
4526:
3700:
3680:
2955:
Phimchan, Paongpetch; Techawongstien, Suchila; Chanthai, Saksit; Bosland, Paul (September 2012).
2661:
1595:
1434:
353:
with no close sisters that are not directly derived from jalapeños. Jalapeños were in use by the
3341:"THE RECENT SALMONELLA OUTBREAK: LESSONS LEARNED AND CONSEQUENCES TO INDUSTRY AND PUBLIC HEALTH"
2498:
30:
5381:
5351:
4343:
4296:
3810:
3078:
2257:"Nitrogen and Potassium Fertility Affects Jalapeno Pepper Plant Growth Pod Yield, and Pungency"
1523:
1446:
1366:
620:
542:
2183:
1289:
Texas toothpicks are jalapeños and onions shaved into straws, lightly breaded, and deep-fried.
963:
5282:
4810:
4750:
4436:
4396:
4358:
4181:
3411:
1187:
in other markets, it is a favored trait, particularly in pickled or oil-preserved jalapeños.
976:
3133:
5004:
4921:
4795:
4693:
4368:
4323:
4260:
3745:
3720:
2873:
2415:
1909:
1817:
1015:
989:
565:
553:
514:
2445:. College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University
519:
8:
4765:
4708:
4686:
4531:
4012:
3765:
3755:
3660:
1385:
1379:
1114:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
561:
4872:
3248:
2877:
1913:
1821:
379:
some varieties of peppers in order to preserve them; further well preserved samples and
5104:
5029:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4666:
4598:
4426:
4338:
4333:
4311:
4265:
4192:
4096:
4087:
3926:
3517:
3232:
3205:
2937:
2896:
2861:
2171:
1932:
1897:
1840:
1805:
1692:
1665:
1489:
1375:
1002:
943:
744:
573:
548:
532:
5223:
3318:
1270:
5305:
5183:
5163:
5123:
5069:
4971:
4966:
4553:
4363:
4276:
4214:
4071:
4066:
4052:
3981:
3897:
3650:
3385:
3322:
3284:
2901:
2827:
2817:
1937:
1845:
1697:
1355:
1028:
845:
527:
393:
376:
3695:
2941:
2381:
1663:
4961:
4946:
4926:
4608:
4489:
4243:
4124:
4036:
3800:
3780:
3715:
3377:
3314:
3274:
3228:
3201:
3001:
2968:
2929:
2891:
2881:
2741:
2676:
2640:
2576:
2545:
2513:
2324:
2268:
2206:
2126:
1927:
1917:
1876:
1835:
1825:
1687:
1677:
1632:
363:
342:
328:
238:
180:
174:
118:
5193:
3817:
1554:
266:. A mature jalapeño chili is 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and 25–38 mm (1–
5228:
4815:
4760:
4740:
4703:
4658:
4461:
4421:
3966:
3921:
3832:
3640:
3621:
3279:
3251:
3104:
2627:
Crosby, Kevin M.; Jifon, John L.; Villalon, Benigno; Leskovar, Daniel I. (2007).
1922:
1830:
1297:
1253:
501:
380:
262:
112:
47:
2549:
2328:
1637:
284:
of jalapeño peppers varies, but is usually between 4,000 and 8,500 units on the
5158:
5128:
5034:
4902:
4827:
4651:
4613:
4588:
4546:
4509:
4041:
3961:
3847:
3790:
3785:
3730:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3486:
2973:
2956:
2866:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2811:
2746:
2729:
2681:
2645:
2628:
2581:
2564:
2414:. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis. Archived from
2273:
2256:
2131:
2114:
1682:
1389:
1242:
1220:
1183:
1171:
537:
487:
478:
466:
289:
285:
90:
5188:
3166:. Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of California. Archived from
2518:
2499:"'TAM mild Jalapeno II': A New Multiple-virus-resistant, Mild Jalapeno Pepper"
2210:
1881:
1864:
5340:
5198:
5133:
5111:
5079:
5014:
4882:
4852:
4832:
4820:
4805:
4790:
4780:
4755:
4558:
4306:
4031:
3986:
3881:
3805:
3775:
3770:
3740:
3735:
3645:
3635:
3543:
3167:
3006:
2989:
2933:
1498:
1359:
1293:
1228:
700:
625:
569:
5243:
4135:
4061:
2886:
5178:
5168:
5138:
5074:
5064:
5044:
5024:
4842:
4640:
4583:
4578:
4521:
4281:
3931:
3916:
3827:
3795:
3760:
3710:
3389:
3326:
3288:
2905:
2831:
1941:
1849:
1701:
1308:
1264:
1249:
1125:
1041:
676:
600:
584:
451:
372:
251:
3911:
3381:
2774:
2563:
Villalón, Benigno; Dainello, Frank J.; Bender, David A. (September 1994).
1981:
405:
5208:
5203:
5148:
5084:
5049:
4857:
4785:
4745:
4479:
4202:
3976:
3857:
3725:
3655:
1471:
1151:
660:
495:
482:
457:
3566:
3051:
Staff, Healthwise; Blahd Jr., MD, William H.; O'Connor, MD, H. Michael.
1207:
624:'NuMex Vaquero', the colorful 'NuMex Piñata', 'TAM Dulcito', 'Waialua',
5315:
5310:
5248:
5233:
5173:
4862:
4770:
4516:
4353:
4348:
4286:
4197:
2764:; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture; New Mexico State University.
1329:
1159:
862:
828:
557:
425:
421:
2629:"'TAM Dulcito', a New, Multiple Virus-resistant Sweet Jalapeño Pepper"
2439:"New Mexico's Chile Pepper Industry: Chile Types and Product Sourcing"
2014:. Horticultural Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Archived from
1895:
1399:
National Jalapeño Day September 5th. Celebrated every year in the US.
5325:
5320:
5118:
5089:
5039:
4981:
4887:
4775:
4681:
4635:
4255:
4021:
3690:
3579:
2954:
2762:
Vegetable Cultivar Descriptions for North America : Pepper (A-L)
1195:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1086:
921:
908:
895:
798:
596:
3157:"Publication 8004 Pepper Safe Methods to Store, Preserve, and Enjoy"
5238:
5213:
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4916:
4698:
4625:
4593:
4541:
4494:
4451:
4431:
4416:
4381:
4209:
4001:
3951:
3946:
3852:
3837:
3705:
2408:"Chile Pepper: Recommendations for Maintaining Postharvest Quality"
1484:
1479:
1321:
1238:
811:
604:
580:
509:
462:
368:
336:
281:
257:
55:
2660:
Takeda, K.Y.; Tanaka, J.S.; Sekioka, T.T.; Hamilton, R.A. (1996).
2015:
300:
5143:
5094:
5009:
4999:
4941:
4877:
4847:
4536:
4499:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4391:
4233:
4026:
3971:
3941:
3842:
3822:
3685:
2115:"Second Generation (F2) Hybrid Cultivars for Jalapeño Production"
1748:"Veracruz busca la denominación de origen para el chile jalapeño"
1564:
1260:
1232:
1129:
778:
612:
401:
397:
41:
2290:"Phytophthora Blight of Cucurbits, Pepper, Tomato, and Eggplant"
1956:
5099:
5054:
4994:
4951:
4892:
4837:
4800:
4720:
4715:
4676:
4573:
4563:
4484:
4446:
4386:
4376:
4250:
4238:
4228:
3906:
3554:
1311:, and are also a common sandwich and pizza topping in the West.
1224:
878:
332:
3050:
1327:
In 2008, fresh jalapeños from Mexico were tested positive for
5218:
5059:
5019:
4989:
4936:
4911:
4897:
4645:
4630:
4504:
4471:
4456:
4441:
4328:
4223:
4187:
2859:
2315:
Bosland, Paul W. (October 2010). "'NuMex Vaquero' Jalapeño".
1502:
1337:
to believe that the peppers were responsible for much of the
1274:
690:
447:
443:
435:
429:
354:
350:
254:
189:
2063:
Coon, Danise; Bosland, Paul (Fall 2005). Coon, Chris (ed.).
1465:
4956:
4671:
4301:
4291:
4172:
3437:"Space Shuttle Food-System Summary 1981 - 1986; page; 34-1"
3103:
Staff, Healthwise; Husney, MD, Adam; Romito, MD, Kathleen.
2918:
2659:
2626:
1802:
439:
417:
213:
204:
195:
151:
142:
133:
81:
2988:
Bosland, Paul; Coon, Danise; Cooke, Peter H. (June 2015).
2802:
2780:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
2255:
Johnson, Charles D.; Decoteau, Dennis R. (December 1996).
1354:
The jalapeño is a Mexican chili but was designated by the
1223:, sliced or whole, are often served hot or cold on top of
2994:
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science
1505:, which includes the annual Jalapeño Festival in February
1334:
1304:
1133:
720:
339:, Mexico, where the pepper was traditionally cultivated.
210:
148:
127:
576:
being among the major commercially important diseases.
491:
2562:
3102:
2536:
Bosland, Paul W. (2010). "'NuMex Vaquero' Jalapeno".
2148:"One hot crop: Chili peppers growing on area farmers"
2008:"Jalapeño and Other Hot Pepper Varieties for Florida"
1898:"Prehispanic Use of Chili Peppers in Chiapas, Mexico"
222:
207:
183:
160:
145:
121:
1461:
201:
192:
139:
130:
280: in) wide, and hangs down from the plant. The
198:
186:
136:
124:
3462:"Most jalapeno chilli peppers eaten in one minute"
2862:"Evolutionary ecology of pungency in wild chilies"
2813:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1303:Jalapeño slices are commonly served in Vietnamese
1292:Chopped jalapeños are a common ingredient in many
3263:on Whole and Sliced Jalapeño and Serrano Peppers"
3218:
953:
788:
5338:
5109:
2987:
2596:Votava, Eric J.; Bosland, Paul W. (April 1998).
2005:
1717:"Jalapeño vs. Serrano: A Hot Debate Over Flavor"
3367:
2254:
2145:
2065:"2004 World Chile Pepper Production Statistics"
1779:"Hot and spicy in Mexico: the chili experience"
2768:
2496:
2401:
2399:
1621:"Chile Pepper and The Threat of Wilt Diseases"
1388:, also known as "El Chapo", the leader of the
1374:Feel the Heat Challenge in Chicago, Illinois.
655:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
4165:
4151:
3595:
2727:
2595:
2196:
3191:
2497:Crosby, Kevin M.; Villalon, Benigno (2002).
590:
3300:
3298:
2396:
2062:
1659:
1657:
1655:
316:(meaning "fat chili pepper") also known as
4158:
4144:
3602:
3588:
3307:International Journal of Food Microbiology
3304:
2776:United States Food and Drug Administration
2728:Bosland, Paul W.; Votava, Eric J. (1998).
2704:"Pepper, Jalapeño | Biker Billy | CC GROW"
1560:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
1211:Jalapeño peppers wrapped in crescent rolls
29:
5357:Cuisine of the Southwestern United States
3404:"State symbols: Texas Legislature Online"
3363:
3361:
3278:
3244:
3242:
3005:
2972:
2895:
2885:
2745:
2680:
2644:
2580:
2517:
2272:
2130:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
1931:
1921:
1880:
1839:
1829:
1691:
1681:
1636:
1339:2008 United States salmonellosis outbreak
639:
3295:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
1652:
1206:
512:and foliar blight, both often caused by
456:
424:produces the most jalapeños followed by
299:
295:
3076:
2855:
2853:
2535:
2314:
2112:
1862:
465:garden. Red jalapeños are used to make
349:places jalapeños as a distinct genetic
5339:
3609:
3511:Keefe, Patrick Radden (15 June 2012).
3358:
3239:
3130:"Capsaicin Material Safety Data Sheet"
2531:
2529:
2436:
2097:
2006:Ozores-Hampton, Monica; McAvoy, Gene.
1954:
1618:
1177:
4139:
3583:
3510:
2565:"'Jaloro' Hot Yellow Jalapeno Pepper"
2483:
2072:The Chile Pepper Institute Newsletter
1957:"The cultivation of chiles in Mexico"
1714:
1614:
1612:
237:
35:Immature jalapeños still on the plant
4120:
3550:at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject
2850:
2405:
2371:
1591:Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
1315:
1170:in a moderate amount (table). Other
3410:. Texas Legislature. Archived from
2589:
2526:
2463:
2343:"Diseases, Disorders & Insects"
2294:vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu
13:
3233:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb14672.x
3206:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1981.tb04210.x
3154:
2790:from the original on 27 March 2024
2287:
2223:
1745:
1609:
1416:Maturing jalapeño in a planter box
1202:
14:
5398:
3536:
3319:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.019
2036:
1865:"Chiles: A Gift from a Fiery God"
1495:Washington's Birthday Celebration
450:are also producers of commercial
312:, for the ripe red jalapeño, and
4119:
4110:
4109:
3565:
3553:
3542:
3132:. sciencelab.com. Archived from
1863:Bosland, Paul W. (August 1999).
1776:
1723:. World W/Recipe. Archived from
1464:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1124:A raw jalapeño is 92% water, 6%
631:
367:writes of Aztec markets selling
308:The jalapeño is variously named
179:
117:
80:
3504:
3479:
3454:
3429:
3396:
3370:Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
3333:
3212:
3185:
3148:
3122:
3096:
3070:
3044:
3014:
2981:
2948:
2912:
2838:from the original on 9 May 2024
2754:
2721:
2696:
2662:"'Kaala' and 'Waialua' Peppers"
2653:
2620:
2556:
2457:
2430:
2365:
2335:
2308:
2281:
2248:
2217:
2190:
2146:A-J Farm Editor (20 May 2001).
2139:
2056:
2030:
1999:
1974:
1948:
1889:
1856:
357:prior to the Spanish conquest;
4522:Peppercorn (black/green/white)
2598:"NuMex Piñata' Jalapeño Chile"
1955:Burton, Tony (18 April 2011).
1796:
1770:
1739:
1708:
1578:
1547:
1516:
665:121.3 kJ (29.0 kcal)
386:
1:
3570:The dictionary definition of
3079:"Eye Injuries in the Kitchen"
3077:Wachler, MD, Brian S. Boxer.
2154:. WAYNE BOARD. Archived from
1746:Arvizu, Alejandrina Aguirre.
1509:
1349:
1231:with melted cheese on top, a
1219:Pickled jalapeños, a type of
560:(Tomato spotted wilt virus),
3280:10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-398
2730:"'NuMex Primavera' Jalapeno"
1923:10.1371/journal.pone.0079013
1831:10.1371/journal.pone.0056200
1529:Cambridge English Dictionary
1174:are low in content (table).
1110:Percentages estimated using
644:
473:Jalapeños are a pod type of
7:
4334:Kinh gioi (Vietnamese balm)
3997:Trinidad scorpion 'Butch T'
3252:"Frequency and Behavior of
2550:10.21273/HORTSCI.45.10.1552
2329:10.21273/HORTSCI.45.10.1552
1638:10.1094/PHP-2003-0430-01-RV
1619:Sanogo, Soum (April 2003).
1457:
1259:Jalapeño peppers are often
1248:Jalapeño jelly, which is a
1103:link to USDA Database entry
10:
5403:
3345:Government Printing Office
3267:Journal of Food Protection
2974:10.21273/HORTSCI.47.9.1204
2747:10.21273/HORTSCI.33.6.1085
2682:10.21273/HORTSCI.31.6.1054
2646:10.21273/HORTSCI.42.6.1488
2582:10.21273/HORTSCI.29.9.1092
2274:10.21273/HORTSCI.31.7.1119
2132:10.21273/HORTSCI.40.6.1679
1683:10.3390/molecules181113471
1534:Cambridge University Press
1428:A jalapeño plant with pods
1402:
1132:, and contains negligible
5377:Spanish words and phrases
5298:
5257:
4980:
4470:
4256:Coriander leaf / Cilantro
4171:
4166:Culinary herbs and spices
4105:
4085:
4050:
4010:
3895:
3866:
3620:
2519:10.21273/HORTSCI.37.6.999
2437:Hall, T.Y.; Skaggs, R.K.
2211:10.21273/HORTSCI.36.4.724
2152:Lubbock Avalanche-Journal
2113:Bosland, Paul W. (2005).
1882:10.21273/HORTSCI.34.5.809
1341:. This large outbreak of
1109:
1099:
1095:
1085:
1077:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1040:
1027:
1014:
1001:
988:
975:
962:
941:
937:
933:
920:
907:
894:
877:
861:
844:
827:
810:
797:
776:
772:
768:
761:
757:
741:
737:
733:
717:
713:
709:
699:
689:
673:
669:
659:
654:
591:Hybrids and sub-cultivars
508:Jalapeños are subject to
304:Five (5) jalapeño peppers
99:
89:
76:
72:
64:
54:
40:
28:
23:
5154:Montreal steak seasoning
3992:Trinidad Moruga scorpion
3466:guinnessworldrecords.com
3007:10.21273/JASHS.140.3.253
2934:10.1893/0005-3155-83.1.1
2347:chilepepperinstitute.org
2078:(3): 1–2. Archived from
2039:"Bell and Chili Peppers"
1252:, can be prepared using
3221:Journal of Food Science
3194:Journal of Food Science
2887:10.1073/pnas.0802691105
2412:postharvest.ucdavis.edu
2374:"Chile Pepper Diseases"
1596:Oxford University Press
1112:US recommendations
628:and 'NuMex Primavera'.
454:, including jalapeños.
420:, starting since 2010,
371:(smoked jalapeños) and
335:", the capital city of
5110:
3513:"Cocaine Incorporated"
3022:"Handling Hot Peppers"
1452:Fresh sliced jalapeños
1367:Guinness World Records
1212:
1116:the National Academies
650:Peppers, jalapeño, raw
640:Eating characteristics
621:Chile Pepper Institute
543:Colletotrichum capsici
486:which is shorter than
470:
461:Jalapeños grown in an
305:
4077:Sweet piquanté pepper
3982:'Red Savina' habanero
3957:Hainan yellow lantern
3491:majorleagueeating.com
3382:10.1089/fpd.2011.1051
3028:. BHG. Archived from
2372:Goldberg, Natalie P.
1625:Plant Health Progress
1210:
1136:(table). A 100-gram (
763:Vitamins and minerals
460:
359:Bernardino de Sahagún
303:
296:History and etymology
5005:Beau monde seasoning
4370:Limnophila aromatica
3701:Diavoletto d'Abruzzo
3562:at Wikimedia Commons
3414:on 23 September 2015
3136:on 29 September 2007
3053:"Chili Pepper Burns"
2296:. Cornell University
2236:on 29 September 2015
2018:on 24 September 2020
566:Tobacco mosaic virus
554:Beet curly top virus
515:Phytophthora capsici
250:) is a medium-sized
5372:New Mexican cuisine
5129:Jamaican jerk spice
4751:Japanese pricklyash
3408:capitol.state.tx.us
3032:on 5 September 2021
2878:2008PNAS..10511808T
2872:(33): 11808–11811.
1914:2013PLoSO...879013P
1822:2013PLoSO...856200H
1380:Major League Eating
1178:Scoville heat units
651:
562:Pepper mottle virus
239:[xalaˈpeɲo]
5347:Capsicum cultivars
5105:Herbes de Provence
4736:Grains of paradise
4599:Crushed red pepper
4313:Houttuynia cordata
4022:African bird's eye
3927:Chocolate habanero
3518:The New York Times
2708:www.phytotheca.com
2466:"Pepper Cultivars"
2406:Cantwell, Marita.
2288:Zitter, Thomas A.
2226:"Jalapeno Peppers"
2182:has generic name (
1758:on 27 January 2013
1727:on 30 October 2017
1715:Zaslavsky, Nancy.
1490:List of hot sauces
1376:Patrick Bertoletti
1362:as early as 1982.
1213:
1067:Other constituents
649:
607:; and F2 hybrids.
574:Root-knot nematode
549:Erwinia carotovora
533:Cercospora capsici
471:
306:
95:4,000 to 8,500 SHU
5334:
5333:
5306:Chinese herbology
5184:Pumpkin pie spice
5164:Old Bay Seasoning
5124:Italian seasoning
5070:Five-spice powder
4372:(rice-paddy herb)
4215:Indian bay leaf (
4133:
4132:
3651:Beaver Dam pepper
3558:Media related to
3173:on 2 October 2003
3155:Harris, Linda J.
2823:978-0-309-48834-1
2544:(10): 1552–1553.
2464:Bosland, Paul W.
2323:(10): 1552–1553.
2158:on 5 October 2015
1440:Ripened jalapeños
1356:Texas Legislature
1316:Culinary concerns
1122:
1121:
1057:
1056:
528:Verticillium wilt
520:TAM Mild Jalapeño
416:According to the
103:
102:
5394:
5387:Symbols of Texas
5362:Fruit vegetables
5115:
4922:Tasmanian pepper
4903:Sichuan pepper (
4858:Pomegranate seed
4672:Dill / Dill seed
4527:Brazilian pepper
4490:Alligator pepper
4244:garlic / Chinese
4160:
4153:
4146:
4137:
4136:
4123:
4122:
4113:
4112:
3781:New Mexico chile
3604:
3597:
3590:
3581:
3580:
3569:
3557:
3546:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3419:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3365:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3302:
3293:
3292:
3282:
3246:
3237:
3236:
3227:(6): 1184–1186.
3216:
3210:
3209:
3200:(5): 1518–1520.
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3172:
3161:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2967:(9): 1204–1209.
2952:
2946:
2945:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2899:
2889:
2857:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2772:
2766:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2740:(6): 1085–1086.
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2684:
2666:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2639:(6): 1488–1489.
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2503:
2494:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2349:. Archived from
2339:
2333:
2332:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2267:(7): 1119–1123.
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2232:. Archived from
2221:
2215:
2214:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2125:(6): 1679–1681.
2110:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2084:
2069:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1843:
1833:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1783:lonelyplanet.com
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1754:. Archived from
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1676:(11): 13471–86.
1661:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1616:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1520:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1271:Jalapeño poppers
1149:
1148:
1144:
1141:
957:
882:
866:
849:
832:
815:
799:Vitamin A equiv.
792:
759:
758:
652:
648:
404:, and 6.3% from
364:Florentine Codex
343:Genetic analysis
279:
278:
274:
271:
249:
248:
247:
241:
236:
229:
225:
220:
219:
216:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
178:
167:
163:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
116:
84:
33:
21:
20:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5367:Mexican cuisine
5337:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5294:
5253:
5229:Tandoori masala
4976:
4853:Peruvian pepper
4741:Grains of Selim
4726:Aromatic ginger
4659:Bunium persicum
4466:
4167:
4164:
4134:
4129:
4101:
4081:
4046:
4006:
3967:Madame Jeanette
3937:Dragon's Breath
3922:Carolina Reaper
3891:
3862:
3833:Peperone crusco
3811:Santa Fe Grande
3641:Baklouti pepper
3616:
3608:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3523:
3521:
3509:
3505:
3495:
3493:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3468:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3417:
3415:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3366:
3359:
3349:
3347:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3303:
3296:
3247:
3240:
3217:
3213:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3159:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3075:
3071:
3061:
3059:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3020:
3019:
3015:
2986:
2982:
2953:
2949:
2917:
2913:
2858:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2824:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2791:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2755:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2664:
2658:
2654:
2625:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2590:
2561:
2557:
2534:
2527:
2512:(6): 999–1000.
2501:
2495:
2484:
2474:
2472:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2435:
2431:
2421:
2419:
2404:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2384:on 24 July 2015
2370:
2366:
2356:
2354:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2313:
2309:
2299:
2297:
2286:
2282:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2237:
2224:Barnes, Lucas.
2222:
2218:
2195:
2191:
2179:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2159:
2144:
2140:
2111:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2085:on 5 March 2016
2082:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2035:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1953:
1949:
1894:
1890:
1861:
1857:
1801:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1777:Tang, Phillip.
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1721:zesterdaily.com
1713:
1709:
1662:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1617:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1538:
1536:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1470:
1463:
1460:
1453:
1450:
1441:
1438:
1429:
1426:
1417:
1414:
1405:
1352:
1318:
1284:Chiles toreados
1245:ripe jalapeños.
1205:
1203:Serving methods
1180:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1105:
1100:
1048:
1035:
1022:
1009:
996:
983:
970:
958:
928:
915:
902:
889:
880:
872:
864:
856:
847:
839:
830:
822:
813:
805:
793:
764:
753:
748:
729:
724:
685:
680:
647:
642:
634:
593:
524:Capsicum annuum
502:Capsicum annuum
475:Capsicum annuum
389:
381:genetic testing
347:Capsicum annuum
298:
276:
272:
269:
267:
263:Capsicum annuum
260:of the species
243:
242:
234:
227:
223:
182:
173:
172:
165:
161:
120:
111:
110:
48:Capsicum annuum
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5400:
5390:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5302:
5300:
5299:Related topics
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5267:
5261:
5259:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5159:Mulling spices
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5035:Cinnamon sugar
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4947:Voatsiperifery
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4696:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4663:
4662:
4655:
4652:Nigella sativa
4643:
4638:
4636:Coriander seed
4633:
4628:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4476:
4474:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4263:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4212:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4185:
4177:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4140:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4117:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4067:Bishop's crown
4064:
4058:
4056:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4018:
4016:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3903:
3901:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3887:Wild chiltepin
3884:
3878:
3876:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3618:
3617:
3607:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3563:
3551:
3538:
3537:External links
3535:
3532:
3531:
3503:
3478:
3453:
3428:
3395:
3376:(4): 361–366.
3357:
3332:
3313:(3): 197–203.
3294:
3273:(6): 874–881.
3238:
3211:
3184:
3147:
3121:
3095:
3069:
3043:
3013:
3000:(3): 253–256.
2980:
2947:
2911:
2849:
2822:
2801:
2767:
2753:
2720:
2695:
2652:
2619:
2588:
2555:
2525:
2482:
2456:
2429:
2418:on 8 July 2015
2395:
2364:
2353:on 8 July 2015
2334:
2307:
2280:
2247:
2216:
2205:(4): 724–725.
2189:
2138:
2096:
2055:
2037:Naeve, Linda.
2029:
1998:
1973:
1961:geo-mexico.com
1947:
1908:(11): e79013.
1888:
1875:(5): 809–811.
1855:
1795:
1769:
1738:
1707:
1651:
1608:
1577:
1546:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1506:
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1455:
1454:
1451:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1390:Sinaloa Cartel
1386:Joaquín Guzmán
1351:
1348:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1301:
1290:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1268:
1263:and served in
1257:
1246:
1236:
1229:tortilla chips
1221:pickled pepper
1217:
1204:
1201:
1179:
1176:
1172:micronutrients
1120:
1119:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
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1020:
1018:
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1011:
1007:
1005:
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994:
992:
986:
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973:
972:
968:
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947:
939:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
926:
924:
918:
917:
913:
911:
905:
904:
900:
898:
892:
891:
887:
885:
875:
874:
870:
868:
859:
858:
854:
852:
842:
841:
837:
835:
825:
824:
820:
818:
808:
807:
803:
801:
795:
794:
787:
782:
774:
773:
770:
769:
766:
765:
762:
755:
754:
751:
749:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
727:
725:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
697:
696:
693:
687:
686:
683:
681:
674:
671:
670:
667:
666:
663:
657:
656:
646:
643:
641:
638:
633:
630:
592:
589:
538:Powdery mildew
479:sriracha sauce
467:sriracha sauce
388:
385:
297:
294:
290:Serrano pepper
286:Scoville scale
101:
100:
97:
96:
93:
91:Scoville scale
87:
86:
78:
74:
73:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58:
52:
51:
44:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5399:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5382:Texan cuisine
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5352:Chili peppers
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5297:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5199:Ras el hanout
5197:
5195:
5194:Quatre épices
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5134:Khmeli suneli
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5113:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5080:Garlic powder
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5015:Bouquet garni
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4906:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4781:Litsea cubeba
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4756:Juniper berry
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4559:Celery powder
4557:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4365:
4364:Lemon verbena
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4269:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4161:
4156:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4126:
4118:
4116:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4098:
4097:Rocoto pepper
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4013:C. frutescens
4009:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Scotch bonnet
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3873:glabriusculum
3870:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Hungarian wax
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3736:Guntur Sannam
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Facing heaven
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3646:Banana pepper
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3605:
3600:
3598:
3593:
3591:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3576:at Wiktionary
3575:
3574:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3507:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3364:
3362:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3299:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3215:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3188:
3169:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3110:
3106:
3099:
3084:
3080:
3073:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2975:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2854:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2805:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2623:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2444:
2443:aces.nmsu.edu
2440:
2433:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2400:
2383:
2379:
2378:aces.nmsu.edu
2375:
2368:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2180:|author=
2173:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:(2): e56200.
1815:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1784:
1780:
1773:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1613:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1515:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1462:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1360:Space Shuttle
1357:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1277:, and cooked.
1276:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:carbohydrates
1117:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1000:
993:
991:
987:
980:
978:
974:
967:
965:
961:
956:
951:
948:
946:
945:
940:
936:
932:
925:
923:
919:
912:
910:
906:
899:
897:
893:
886:
884:
876:
869:
867:
860:
853:
851:
843:
836:
834:
829:Riboflavin (B
826:
819:
817:
809:
802:
800:
796:
791:
786:
783:
781:
780:
775:
771:
767:
760:
756:
750:
747:
746:
740:
736:
732:
726:
723:
722:
716:
712:
708:
704:
702:
701:Dietary fiber
698:
694:
692:
688:
682:
679:
678:
677:Carbohydrates
672:
668:
664:
662:
658:
653:
637:
632:Sweet hybrids
629:
627:
622:
616:
614:
608:
606:
602:
598:
588:
586:
582:
577:
575:
571:
570:Geminiviridae
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
550:
545:
544:
539:
535:
534:
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:
511:
506:
504:
503:
497:
493:
489:
484:
480:
476:
468:
464:
459:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
411:
407:
403:
399:
396:, 12.9% from
395:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
365:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
321:
319:
315:
311:
302:
293:
291:
287:
283:
265:
264:
259:
256:
253:
246:
240:
232:
231:
218:
176:
170:
169:
156:
114:
108:
98:
94:
92:
88:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
57:
53:
50:
49:
45:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5179:Powder-douce
5169:Panch phoron
5139:Lemon pepper
5075:Garam masala
5065:Fines herbes
5045:Curry powder
5025:Chaat masala
4904:
4883:Sarsaparilla
4843:Onion powder
4791:Mango-ginger
4657:
4650:
4603:
4584:Chili powder
4369:
4359:Lemon myrtle
4316:
4312:
4267:
4266:Vietnamese (
4216:
4180:
4088:C. pubescens
4086:
4051:
4011:
3917:Bhut jolokia
3896:
3872:
3868:
3756:Kashmiri red
3750:
3711:Er jing tiao
3626:
3622:
3611:
3572:
3522:. Retrieved
3516:
3506:
3494:. Retrieved
3490:
3481:
3469:. Retrieved
3465:
3456:
3444:. Retrieved
3431:
3423:
3416:. Retrieved
3412:the original
3407:
3398:
3373:
3369:
3348:. Retrieved
3344:
3335:
3310:
3306:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3197:
3193:
3187:
3175:. Retrieved
3168:the original
3163:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3134:the original
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3108:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3082:
3072:
3060:. Retrieved
3056:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:the original
3025:
3016:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2925:
2921:
2914:
2869:
2865:
2840:. Retrieved
2812:
2804:
2792:. Retrieved
2783:
2770:
2761:
2756:
2737:
2733:
2723:
2711:. Retrieved
2707:
2698:
2686:. Retrieved
2672:
2668:
2655:
2636:
2632:
2622:
2610:. Retrieved
2605:
2601:
2591:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2541:
2537:
2509:
2505:
2473:. Retrieved
2469:
2459:
2447:. Retrieved
2442:
2432:
2420:. Retrieved
2416:the original
2411:
2386:. Retrieved
2382:the original
2377:
2367:
2355:. Retrieved
2351:the original
2346:
2337:
2320:
2316:
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2293:
2283:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:the original
2230:plantdex.com
2229:
2219:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:the original
2151:
2141:
2122:
2118:
2087:. Retrieved
2080:the original
2075:
2071:
2058:
2046:. Retrieved
2042:
2032:
2020:. Retrieved
2016:the original
2011:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1985:
1982:"La Costeña"
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1960:
1950:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1813:
1809:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1782:
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1756:the original
1751:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1725:the original
1720:
1710:
1673:
1669:
1642:. Retrieved
1628:
1624:
1601:10 September
1599:. Retrieved
1589:
1580:
1570:10 September
1568:. Retrieved
1558:
1549:
1539:10 September
1537:. Retrieved
1527:
1518:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1365:
1364:
1353:
1342:
1333:leading the
1328:
1326:
1319:
1283:
1265:mixed drinks
1250:pepper jelly
1227:, which are
1193:
1189:
1181:
1123:
1071:
1066:
954:
949:
942:
789:
784:
777:
743:
719:
675:
635:
617:
609:
601:hybrid vigor
594:
578:
552:(Soft Rot),
547:
546:(Ripe Rot),
541:
531:
523:
513:
507:
500:
496:bell peppers
474:
472:
434:
415:
400:, 6.6% from
390:
362:
346:
341:
324:
322:
317:
313:
309:
307:
261:
252:chili pepper
106:
104:
46:
18:
5278:Bangladeshi
5209:Sharena sol
5204:Recado rojo
5189:Qâlat daqqa
5149:Mixed spice
5085:Garlic salt
5050:Doubanjiang
4786:Long pepper
4746:Horseradish
4564:Celery seed
4437:Sanshō leaf
4354:Lemon grass
4053:C. baccatum
3977:Naga Morich
3898:C. chinense
3858:Siling haba
3726:Friggitello
3656:Bell pepper
3446:12 December
3350:1 September
3258:Escherichia
3164:ANR UCDavis
3105:"Capsaicin"
2961:HortScience
2734:HortScience
2688:1 September
2675:(6): 1054.
2669:HortScience
2633:HortScience
2602:HortScience
2569:HortScience
2538:HortScience
2506:HortScience
2317:HortScience
2261:HortScience
2199:HortScience
2119:HortScience
1869:HortScience
1472:Food portal
1194:All of the
1152:Daily Value
1091:0.01g – 6 g
812:Thiamine (B
626:Biker Billy
483:germination
387:Cultivation
314:chile gordo
310:huachinango
5341:Categories
5316:Marination
5311:Herbal tea
5273:Australian
5269:By region
5244:Yuzu koshō
5234:Thuna paha
5174:Persillade
4927:Tonka bean
4863:Poppy seed
4771:Dried lime
4694:Fingerroot
4609:New Mexico
4517:Asafoetida
4349:Lemon balm
4307:Hoja santa
4287:Curry leaf
4072:Lemon drop
3681:Cheongyang
3661:Bird's eye
3254:Salmonella
2928:(1): 1–7.
1986:vilore.com
1586:"jalapeño"
1555:"jalapeño"
1524:"JALAPEÑO"
1510:References
1378:holds the
1372:La Costeña
1350:In culture
1343:Salmonella
1330:Salmonella
1160:vitamin B6
1003:Phosphorus
597:F1 hybrids
558:Tospovirus
426:New Mexico
422:California
410:La Costeña
331:for "from
318:cuaresmeño
16:Hot pepper
5326:Spice rub
5321:Seasoning
5288:Pakistani
5119:Idli podi
5090:Gochujang
5040:Crab boil
4957:Yuzu zest
4888:Sassafras
4776:Liquorice
4682:Fenugreek
4619:Cultivars
4037:Malagueta
3912:Ají dulce
3869:C. annuum
3716:Espelette
3691:Cubanelle
3623:C. annuum
3614:cultivars
3524:19 August
3487:"Records"
3109:WebMD.com
3083:WebMD.com
3057:WebMD.com
2475:31 August
2172:cite news
2043:agmrc.org
1752:Contenido
1670:Molecules
1239:Chipotles
1196:capsaicin
1168:vitamin K
1164:vitamin E
1156:vitamin C
1154:, DV) of
1087:Capsaicin
1016:Potassium
990:Magnesium
922:Vitamin K
909:Vitamin E
896:Vitamin C
879:Folate (B
863:Vitamin B
846:Niacin (B
645:Nutrients
605:landraces
568:, Pepper
406:Michoacán
394:Chihuahua
369:chipotles
323:The name
5265:Culinary
5239:Vadouvan
5214:Shichimi
5112:Húng lìu
4932:Turmeric
4917:Tamarind
4766:Korarima
4699:Galangal
4667:Deulkkae
4626:Cinnamon
4604:Jalapeño
4594:Chipotle
4542:Cardamom
4495:Allspice
4462:Woodruff
4452:Tarragon
4417:Rosemary
4382:Marjoram
4344:Lavender
4339:Kkaennip
4277:Culantro
4261:Bolivian
4210:Bay leaf
4182:Angelica
4115:Category
4002:Pepper X
3962:Infinity
3952:Habanero
3947:Habanaga
3853:Shishito
3838:Pimiento
3751:Jalapeño
3731:Guajillo
3706:Dundicut
3696:De árbol
3671:Cascabel
3612:Capsicum
3573:jalapeño
3560:Jalapeño
3548:Jalapeño
3496:4 August
3471:4 August
3418:4 August
3390:22394024
3327:22534353
3289:21669062
3177:5 August
3140:5 August
3114:4 August
3088:4 August
3062:4 August
3036:4 August
2942:89410950
2906:18695236
2836:Archived
2832:30844154
2794:28 March
2788:Archived
2778:(2024).
2713:25 April
2612:5 August
2608:(2): 350
2449:4 August
2422:4 August
2388:4 August
2357:4 August
2300:4 August
2240:4 August
2162:4 August
2089:5 August
2048:4 August
2022:4 August
1991:4 August
1966:4 August
1942:24236083
1902:PLOS ONE
1850:23409153
1810:PLOS ONE
1788:4 August
1731:4 August
1702:24184818
1644:4 August
1485:Habanero
1480:Capsicum
1458:See also
1322:botulism
1256:methods.
1184:Scoville
1072:Quantity
950:Quantity
944:Minerals
903:118.6 mg
840:0.070 mg
823:0.040 mg
785:Quantity
779:Vitamins
619:and the
581:ethylene
510:root rot
463:Oklahoma
337:Veracruz
325:jalapeño
282:pungency
258:cultivar
255:pod type
235:Spanish:
107:jalapeño
60:Jalapeño
56:Cultivar
24:Jalapeño
5249:Za'atar
5144:Mitmita
5095:Harissa
5010:Berbere
5000:Baharat
4967:Zereshk
4962:Zedoary
4942:Vanilla
4905:huājiāo
4878:Saffron
4868:Radhuni
4848:Paprika
4833:Njangsa
4828:Nigella
4806:Mustard
4704:greater
4614:Tabasco
4589:Cayenne
4569:Charoli
4537:Caraway
4532:Camphor
4500:Amchoor
4412:Perilla
4407:Parsley
4402:Oregano
4397:Mitsuba
4392:Mugwort
4317:giấp cá
4297:Epazote
4268:rau răm
4234:Chervil
4125:Commons
4042:Tabasco
4027:Kambuzi
3972:Nagabon
3942:Fatalii
3848:Serrano
3843:Poblano
3823:Pasilla
3791:Chimayó
3786:Big Jim
3686:Chilaca
3676:Cayenne
3666:Byadagi
3026:BHG.com
2897:2575311
2874:Bibcode
2842:21 June
2012:ufl.edu
1933:3827288
1910:Bibcode
1841:3568043
1818:Bibcode
1693:6269802
1565:Longman
1403:Gallery
1309:bánh mì
1261:muddled
1254:jelling
1233:Tex-Mex
1166:, with
1145:⁄
1130:protein
1081:91.69 g
1049:0.14 mg
984:0.25 mg
964:Calcium
929:18.5 μg
916:3.58 mg
873:0.42 mg
857:1.28 mg
745:Protein
613:Seminis
488:cayenne
452:chilies
402:Jalisco
398:Sinaloa
377:smoking
361:in the
329:Spanish
275:⁄
42:Species
5283:Indian
5100:Hawaij
5055:Douchi
5030:Chaunk
4995:Advieh
4990:Adjika
4982:Blends
4952:Wasabi
4893:Sesame
4838:Nutmeg
4801:Mahleb
4796:Mastic
4731:Golpar
4721:Ginger
4716:Garlic
4709:lesser
4677:Fennel
4574:Chenpi
4554:Cassia
4485:Ajwain
4480:Aonori
4472:Spices
4447:Sorrel
4432:Savory
4377:Lovage
4324:Hyssop
4251:Cicely
4239:Chives
4229:Borage
4217:tejpat
4032:Labuyo
3907:Adjuma
3882:Piquín
3818:Padrón
3806:Sandia
3796:Fresno
3776:Mulato
3771:Medusa
3766:Korean
3741:Harmal
3636:Aleppo
3627:annuum
3442:. NASA
3388:
3325:
3287:
2940:
2904:
2894:
2830:
2820:
1940:
1930:
1848:
1838:
1762:20 May
1700:
1690:
1631:: 23.
1499:Laredo
1298:chilis
1294:salsas
1243:smoked
1225:nachos
1162:, and
1029:Sodium
1023:248 mg
752:0.91 g
728:0.37 g
695:4.12 g
691:Sugars
684:6.50 g
661:Energy
585:salsas
572:, and
446:, and
355:Aztecs
333:Xalapa
85:Medium
68:Mexico
65:Origin
5258:Lists
5224:Tajin
5219:Tabil
5060:Duqqa
5020:Buknu
4937:Uzazi
4912:Sumac
4898:Shiso
4821:white
4816:brown
4811:black
4761:Kokum
4646:Cumin
4641:Cubeb
4631:Clove
4579:Chili
4547:black
4505:Anise
4457:Thyme
4442:Shiso
4329:Jimbu
4282:Cress
4224:Boldo
4203:Lemon
4188:Basil
4173:Herbs
3932:Datil
3871:var.
3828:Peter
3801:No. 9
3761:Khola
3625:var.
3440:(PDF)
3171:(PDF)
3160:(PDF)
2938:S2CID
2665:(PDF)
2575:(9).
2502:(PDF)
2083:(PDF)
2068:(PDF)
1503:Texas
1275:bacon
1235:dish.
1128:, 1%
1078:Water
1010:26 mg
997:15 mg
971:12 mg
890:27 μg
806:54 μg
705:2.8 g
448:India
444:Spain
436:China
430:Texas
351:clade
230:-nyoh
168:-nyoh
4972:Zest
4873:Rose
4687:blue
4510:star
4427:Sage
4387:Mint
4302:Hemp
4292:Dill
4198:Thai
4193:Holy
3526:2015
3498:2015
3473:2015
3448:2017
3420:2015
3386:PMID
3352:2015
3323:PMID
3285:PMID
3261:coli
3256:and
3179:2015
3142:2015
3116:2015
3090:2015
3064:2015
3038:2015
2922:BIOS
2902:PMID
2844:2024
2828:PMID
2818:ISBN
2796:2024
2715:2024
2690:2015
2614:2015
2477:2015
2470:NCSU
2451:2015
2424:2015
2390:2015
2359:2015
2302:2015
2242:2015
2184:help
2164:2015
2091:2015
2050:2015
2024:2015
1993:2015
1968:2015
1938:PMID
1846:PMID
1790:2015
1764:2016
1733:2015
1698:PMID
1646:2015
1603:2019
1572:2019
1541:2019
1307:and
1296:and
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