337:. Before 1880 the United States was Russia's teacher in most aspects of the oil business. The roles were reversed in some respects by Nobel. The oil business lacked technical know-how and scientific methodology. To rectify this, Nobel established technical chemical research labs in Baku. These research centers were very active and when something of commercial interest was found, Nobel was fast in trying the new products out on a large scale. Dozens of scientists were employed, finding ways to treat oil, developing new uses for oil, and developing products derived from oil.
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Nobel first experimented with carrying oil in bulk on single-hulled barges. Turning his attention to self-propelled tankships, a primary concern was to keep the cargo and fumes well away from the engine room to avoid fires. Other challenges included allowing for the cargo to expand and contract due
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in 1873 to procure
Russian walnut wood in the Caucasus region of southern Russia. Without consulting his brother, Robert spent the 25,000 rubbles that Ludvig entrusted to him for buying wood – "walnut money" – and instead bought a small refinery in Baku. Ludvig sent additional funds to Robert to
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In 1885 he started a cooperative bank, sparkasse, for the workers. In Baku, social areas were built for the workers like dining rooms, billiard rooms, libraries and conference rooms where speeches and discussions were held. Near his estate, Villa
Petrolea, several houses for the workers were built
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invest in modernisation and refinery efficiency. By 1876, the Nobel brothers established themselves as the most competent refiner in Baku and sent the first shipment of illuminating oil to St. Petersburg. By 1879, Ludvig turned the initial business into a shareholding company,
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in Sweden with Sven
Alexander Almqvist. Together they solved the issue of putting oil in the bulk of a ship without it getting unstable, through putting the oil in tanks The contract to build it was signed January 1878, and it made its first run later that year from Baku to
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Schück, Henrik, Ragnar
Sohlman, Anders Österling, Carl Gustaf Bernhard, the Nobel Foundation, and Wilhelm Odelberg, eds. Nobel: The Man and His Prizes. 1950. 3rd ed. Coordinating Ed., Wilhelm Odelberg. New York: American Elsevier Publishing Company, Inc., 1972, p. 14.
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Nobel was a strong humanitarian as well as a businessman, full of ideas and visions. He introduced profit sharing and worked actively to improve working conditions in his factories. His humanity and social approach was unique for the time.
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With some funds he had managed to save, Ludvig opened a new firm, the
Machine-Building Factory Ludvig Nobel. Initially producing chilled cast-iron shells, the factory became in a few years one of the largest producers of
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and a shuttle boat was offered between the city and the harbour. The company donated funds to schools and ran a hospital. Ludvig and Robert created a large park, still existent, in the "Black City" section of Baku near
264:. At 28 years old, he was given by his father's creditors the technical management of the family business, Fonderies et Ateliers Mécaniques Nobel Fils, a factory making war supplies such as
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He is credited with creating the
Russian oil industry. Ludvig Nobel built the largest fortune of any of the Nobel brothers and was one of the world's richest men. Following the
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360:. The design was widely studied and copied, with Nobel refusing to patent any part of it. In October 1878, he ordered two more tankers of the same design: the
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A Cartridge
Display Board of the Nobel Industries, demonstrating the manufacture of a 5/8-inch unlined cartridge.
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to temperature changes, and providing a method to ventilate the tanks. The world's first successful
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Yergin, Daniel (2003): The Prize: the Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power, Free Press, p. 58.
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512:(13). (Originally published in Swedish as Nobelprisen 50 år: forskare, diktare, fredskämpar.)
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Swedish-Russian engineer, businessman and humanitarian (1831–1888)
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536:Documents of Life and Activity of The Nobel Family
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209:. One of the most prominent members of the
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569:A biography on the Nobel Prize web site
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838:Burials at Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery
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538:. Under the editorship of Professor
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828:19th-century Swedish businesspeople
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217:(also an engineering pioneer) and
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304:While running the factory in
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705:Nobel Prize in Literature
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351:. He designed this in
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563:Ludvig Emmanuel Nobel
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129:Ludvig Immanuel Nobel
44:Ludvig Immanuel Nobel
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565:at Wikimedia Commons
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813:1888 deaths
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634:Peter Nobel
544:Humanistica
288:of Russia.
274:Crimean War
227:Nobel Prize
792:Categories
667:Nobel Fils
546:, 2009-...
420:References
345:oil tanker
331:refineries
325:Inventions
243:Azerbaijan
50:1831-07-27
661:Companies
459:Tolf 1976
358:Astrakhan
349:Zoroaster
335:pipelines
262:Stockholm
179:romanized
109:Relatives
95:Parent(s)
85:Monuments
58:Stockholm
682:KemaNord
672:Branobel
435:(2009).
414:Nobelite
399:Branobel
393:See also
364:and the
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241:(now in
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203:engineer
79:, France
60:, Sweden
598:Members
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190:Swedish
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170:Russian
694:Prizes
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504:(10).
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370:Cannes
362:Buddha
231:Robert
77:Cannes
266:mines
527:ISBN
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506:ISBN
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268:and
239:Baku
162:noh-
66:Died
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164:BEL
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