247:
233:
219:
152:
1638:
1650:
574:
588:
80:(ACS) and passing a site review by the Verification Review Committee. Official designation as a trauma center is determined by individual state law provisions. Trauma centers vary in their specific capabilities and are identified by "Level" designation, Level I (Level-1) being the highest and Level III (Level-3) being the lowest (some states have four or five designated levels).
562:
also be a Level II pediatric trauma center because pediatric trauma surgery is a specialty unto itself. Adult trauma surgeons are not generally specialized in providing surgical trauma care to children and vice versa, and the difference in practice is significant. In contrast to adult trauma centers, pediatric trauma centers only have two ratings, either level I or level II.
543:
A Level IV trauma center exists in some states in which the resources do not exist for a Level III trauma center. It provides initial evaluation, stabilization, diagnostic capabilities, and transfer to a higher level of care. It may also provide surgery and critical-care services, as defined in the
525:
A Level II trauma center works in collaboration with a Level I center. It provides comprehensive trauma care and supplements the clinical expertise of a Level I institution. It provides 24-hour availability of all essential specialties, personnel, and equipment. Oftentimes, level II centers possess
392:
designate hospitals as trauma centers. Numerous U.S. hospitals that are not verified by ACS claim trauma center designation. Most states have legislation that determines the process for designation of trauma centers within that state. The ACS describes this responsibility as "a geopolitical process
561:
A facility can be designated an adult trauma center, a pediatric trauma center, or an adult and pediatric trauma center. If a hospital provides trauma care to both adult and pediatric patients, the level designation may not be the same for each group. For example, a Level I adult trauma center may
552:
A Level V trauma center provides initial evaluation, stabilization, diagnostic capabilities, and transfer to a higher level of care. They may provide surgical and critical-care services, as defined in the service's scope of trauma care services. A trauma-trained nurse is immediately available, and
534:
A Level III trauma center does not have the full availability of specialists but has resources for emergency resuscitation, surgery, and intensive care of most trauma patients. A Level III center has transfer agreements with Level I or Level II trauma centers that provide back-up resources for the
376:(ACS) or local state governments, from Level I (comprehensive service) to Level III (limited-care). The different levels refer to the types of resources available in a trauma center and the number of patients admitted yearly. These are categories that define national standards for trauma care in
115:, as well as a wide variety of highly specialized and sophisticated surgical and diagnostic equipment. Lower levels of trauma centers may be able to provide only initial care and stabilization of a traumatic injury and arrange for transfer of the patient to a higher level of trauma care.
403:. TIEP maintains an inventory of trauma centers in the US, collects data and develops information related to the causes, treatment and outcomes of injury, and facilitates the exchange of information among trauma care institutions, care providers, researchers, payers and policymakers.
544:
scope of services for trauma care. A trauma-trained nurse is immediately available, and physicians are available upon the patient's arrival in the
Emergency Department. Transfer agreements exist with other trauma centers of higher levels, for use when conditions warrant a transfer.
340:, "the nature of injuries at Sunnybrook has changed over the years. When the trauma centre first opened in 1976, about 98 per cent of patients suffered from blunt-force trauma caused by accidents and falls. Now, as many as 20 per cent of patients arrive with gunshot and
425:
patients. Being treated at a Level I trauma center can reduce mortality by 25% compared to a non-trauma center. It has a full range of specialists and equipment available 24 hours a day and admits a minimum required annual volume of severely injured patients.
171:
is a disease process unto itself requiring specialised and experienced multidisciplinary treatment and specialised resources. The world's first trauma centre, the first hospital to be established specifically to treat injured rather than ill patients, was the
1205:
526:
critical care services capable of caring for almost all injury types indefinitely. Minimum volume requirements may depend on local conditions. Such institutions are not required to have an ongoing program of research or a surgical residency program.
118:
The operation of a trauma center is often expensive and some areas may be underserved by trauma centers because of that expense. As there is no way to schedule the need for emergency services, patient traffic at trauma centers can vary widely.
393:
by which empowered entities, government or otherwise, are authorized to designate." The ACS's self-appointed mission is limited to confirming and reporting on any given hospital's ability to comply with the ACS standard of care known as
516:
Most Level I trauma centers are teaching hospitals/campuses. Additionally, a Level I center has a program of research, is a leader in trauma education and injury prevention, and is a referral resource for communities in nearby regions.
267:
In the United States, Robert J. Baker and Robert J. Freeark established the first civilian Shock Trauma Unit at Cook County
Hospital in Chicago, Illinois on March 16, 1966. The concept of a shock trauma center was also developed at the
1127:
1139:
384:
designations. Additionally, some states have their own trauma-center rankings separate from the ACS. These levels may range from Level I to Level IV. Some hospitals are less-formally designated Level V.
1133:
264:, injuries are the leading cause of death for American children and young adults ages 1–19. The leading causes of trauma are motor vehicle collisions, falls, and assaults with a deadly weapon.
399:
The Trauma
Information Exchange Program (TIEP) is a program of the American Trauma Society in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy and is funded by the
408:
304:. Upon his release from the Army, Boyd became the first shock-trauma fellow at the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, and then went on to develop the National System for
553:
physicians are available upon patient arrival in the emergency department. If not open 24 hours daily, the facility must have an after-hours trauma response protocol.
358:
and
Abbotsford Regional Hospital, services the BC area, "Each year, Fraser Health treats almost 130,000 trauma patients as part of the integrated B.C. trauma system".
1150:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
180:, England in 1941 after a series of studies found that the treatment of injured persons within England was inadequate. By 1947, the hospital had three
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
513:, which are needed to adequately respond and care for various forms of trauma that a patient may suffer, as well as provide rehabilitation services.
1053:
1474:
1478:
1145:
1796:
1168:
1156:
1494:
1238:
2557:
2225:
1600:
1489:
601:
367:
222:
213:
69:(also known as a "casualty department" or "accident and emergency") without the presence of specialized services to care for victims of
400:
261:
1466:
1091:
236:
1484:
413:
A trauma center is a hospital that is designated by a state or local authority or is verified by the
American College of Surgeons.
469:
Key elements include 24‑hour in‑house coverage by general surgeons and prompt availability of care in varying specialties—such as
1504:
1514:
1354:
17:
2395:
1162:
912:
320:
as they saw the importance of increased education and training of emergency providers and for nationwide quality trauma care.
429:
A Level I trauma center is required to have a certain number of the following people on duty 24 hours a day at the hospital:
1509:
1326:
2807:
2799:
2126:
1594:
1524:
1499:
184:, each including two surgeons and an anaesthetist, and a burns team with three surgeons. The hospital became part of the
1031:
759:
781:
2293:
728:
679:
329:
269:
185:
836:
2131:
1687:
1349:
1291:
1231:
670:
Andrew B., MD Peitzman; Andrew B. Peitzman; Michael, MD Sabom; Donald M., MD Yearly; Timothy C., MD Fabian (2002).
818:
76:
In the United States, a hospital can receive trauma center status by meeting specific criteria established by the
2218:
1588:
1528:
1301:
1085:
292:, on July 1, 1966. The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center is one of the first shock trauma centers in the world.
2182:
1576:
1570:
506:
31:
130:
to the hospital. In some cases, persons injured in remote areas and transported to a distant trauma center by
2846:
2803:
2679:
2562:
1653:
1558:
1541:
695:
669:
1211:
2795:
2787:
1823:
1791:
1582:
1564:
1547:
1296:
1109:
1097:
373:
173:
156:
77:
2836:
2298:
1641:
1224:
1061:
2791:
2613:
2475:
2211:
1266:
943:"Trauma Center Staffing, Infrastructure, and Patient Characteristics that Influence Trauma Center Need"
305:
2629:
2552:
2146:
1864:
862:
Fraser Health regional trauma program receives distinction award, media@fraserhealth.ca, July 5, 2016
250:
2288:
1760:
1752:
355:
2841:
2826:
2669:
2542:
1991:
1986:
510:
347:
58:
1200:
999:
2639:
2634:
2268:
2187:
1996:
1833:
1828:
1281:
474:
96:
2343:
941:
Faul, Mark; Sasser, Scott M.; Lairet, Julio; Mould-Millman, Nee-Kofi; Sugerman, David (2015).
2831:
2175:
1961:
1921:
1765:
1735:
1622:
1393:
1366:
928:
745:
455:
2664:
2516:
2283:
2244:
2136:
1775:
1680:
1399:
1276:
1261:
297:
293:
246:
127:
66:
837:"National Safety Council Presents David R. Boyd, MDCM, FACS, With Service to Safety Award"
8:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2318:
1971:
1941:
1378:
1372:
1360:
579:
440:
281:
273:
189:
2659:
2608:
2485:
2470:
2449:
2430:
2278:
2252:
2106:
2085:
2044:
1911:
1552:
1456:
1247:
975:
942:
853:"Sunnybrook doctor names to Order of Canada", Community July 8, 2009 City Centre Mirror
606:
490:
470:
301:
134:
can receive faster and better medical care than if they had been transported by ground
104:
88:
54:
872:
232:
218:
2537:
2480:
2444:
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2348:
2333:
2313:
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1956:
1951:
1906:
1451:
1286:
1271:
1004:
980:
962:
755:
724:
675:
611:
498:
312:. In 1968 the American Trauma Society was created by various co-founders, including
2598:
2521:
2435:
2386:
2248:
2101:
2065:
970:
954:
909:
896:
445:
351:
958:
2603:
2511:
2308:
1673:
916:
749:
593:
482:
422:
151:
2644:
2593:
2547:
2506:
2158:
2153:
1976:
1843:
1383:
1345:
1334:
1190:
696:"Consultation/Verification Program Reference Guide of Suggested Classification"
616:
502:
486:
313:
277:
226:
108:
92:
1140:
Harris Poll: Trauma Care: Public's
Knowledge and Perception of Importance 2004
804:
751:
Trauma: Emergency
Resuscitation, Perioperative Anesthesia, Surgical Management
721:
Consultation/Verification
Program, Reference Guide of Suggested Classification
535:
care of patients with exceptionally severe injuries, such as multiple trauma.
2820:
2654:
2501:
2424:
2353:
2192:
2075:
2039:
2034:
1896:
1730:
1115:
966:
62:
1185:
1039:
646:
2649:
2465:
2328:
2273:
2203:
2170:
2070:
2029:
2019:
2014:
1936:
1720:
1715:
1306:
984:
626:
478:
317:
197:
168:
100:
83:
The highest levels of trauma centers have access to specialist medical and
70:
50:
2407:
2141:
2080:
1926:
1848:
1441:
1405:
840:
621:
337:
309:
193:
181:
2380:
2374:
2323:
2049:
1931:
1770:
1710:
1617:
1426:
1340:
1134:
U.S. Trauma Center
Preparedness for a Terrorist Attack in the Community
822:
421:
A Level I trauma center provides the highest level of surgical care to
177:
160:
131:
1195:
702:
2369:
1901:
1536:
1421:
1388:
1216:
494:
381:
296:
in
Chicago trauma center (opened in 1966). David R. Boyd interned at
285:
201:
188:
in its formation in July 1948 and closed in 1993. The NHS now has 27
135:
112:
138:
to a closer hospital that does not have a designated trauma center.
2235:
2165:
1446:
1436:
1431:
377:
289:
46:
1121:
1103:
1038:(in Thai). Thailand: Department of Hospital Health. Archived from
929:
Trauma Center Designation and Verification by Level of Trauma Care
2401:
2338:
450:
435:
407:
333:
240:
123:
49:
equipped and staffed to provide care for patients suffering from
674:. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 3.
1885:
1725:
1696:
1316:
1086:
Current listing of Verified Trauma Centers in the United States
167:
Trauma centres grew into existence out of the realisation that
931:, Trauma Information Exchange Program, American Trauma Society
647:"Verification, Review, and Consultation Program for Hospitals"
573:
1179:
940:
341:
254:
84:
718:
380:. Level I and Level II designations are also given adult or
2024:
1124:, formerly known as the National Foundation for Trauma Care
1665:
1180:
Bureau of Emergency Medical Services & Trauma System
1032:"Trauma & Critical Care Center-Trauma Center levels"
807:. University of Maryland Medical Center. 27 March 2008.
372:
In the United States, trauma centers are ranked by the
163:, United Kingdom, was the world's first trauma center.
1208:(Texas Requirements for Trauma Facility Designation)
569:
1098:Find your nearest A&E (accident and emergency)
395:Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient.
1173:
272:, in the 1950s and 1960s by thoracic surgeon and
2818:
754:. Vol. 1. New York: CRC Press. p. 18.
300:from 1963 to 1964 before being drafted into the
1475:International Federation for Emergency Medicine
361:
328:According to the founder of the Trauma Unit at
1479:International Conference on Emergency Medicine
839:. American College of Surgeons. Archived from
2219:
1797:Focused assessment with sonography for trauma
1681:
1232:
1112:at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1106:at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2233:
1495:Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians
1104:Injury Prevention & Control: Trauma Care
1029:
805:"R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center History"
784:. Stanford Children's health. 19 April 2020.
1601:Care of the Critically Ill Surgical Patient
1490:Australasian College for Emergency Medicine
723:. American College of Surgeons. p. 3.
602:List of trauma centers in the United States
556:
368:List of trauma centers in the United States
223:Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
214:List of trauma centers in the United States
2226:
2212:
1688:
1674:
1239:
1225:
1149:NHS England 2012 major trauma centres map
797:
401:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
974:
1485:American College of Emergency Physicians
997:
245:
231:
217:
150:
1505:European Society for Emergency Medicine
1182:, Arizona Department of Health Services
1128:U.S. Trauma Center Crisis Report (2004)
1100:—United Kingdom National Health Service
1025:
1023:
1021:
991:
65:. A trauma center may also refer to an
14:
2819:
1515:American Academy of Emergency Medicine
1246:
873:"ACS Verification Site Visit Outcomes"
821:. Cook County Hospital. Archived from
743:
126:for receiving patients that have been
2207:
1669:
1220:
947:Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
865:
719:American College of Surgeons (2006).
237:Memorial Hermann–Texas Medical Center
1510:Asian Society for Emergency Medicine
1206:25 Texas Administrative Code 157.125
1155:NHS England Ambulance trauma coding
1122:Trauma Center Association of America
1018:
794:Medical World News, January 27, 1967
302:Army of the United States of America
2127:Acute respiratory distress syndrome
1595:Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics
1500:Royal College of Emergency Medicine
910:Trauma Information Exchange Program
639:
24:
1163:Accident and emergency departments
1151:Urgent and emergency care services
1060:. Meeker, Colorado. Archived from
1000:"UTMB trauma center Level 1 again"
25:
2858:
1186:Arizona Trauma Center Designation
1167:NHS Scotland trauma centres list
1144:NHS England major trauma centres
1079:
463:preventive and outreach programs.
330:Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
270:University of Maryland, Baltimore
146:
2132:Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
1648:
1637:
1636:
1292:International emergency medicine
586:
572:
406:
207:
1649:
1589:Pediatric Advanced Life Support
1302:Pre-hospital emergency medicine
1046:
934:
922:
903:
899:. American College of Surgeons.
889:
856:
847:
829:
819:"Old Cook County Hospital page"
2183:Post-traumatic stress disorder
1577:Acute Care of at-Risk Newborns
1571:Neonatal Resuscitation Program
1174:State trauma system regulation
1092:Verified Trauma Center Program
811:
788:
774:
737:
712:
688:
663:
507:oral and maxillofacial surgery
280:, who founded what became the
32:Trauma Center (disambiguation)
13:
1:
1559:Advanced cardiac life support
1542:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
1094:—American College of Surgeons
1088:—American College of Surgeons
998:Ackerman, Todd (2011-03-25).
959:10.5811/westjem.2014.10.22837
632:
253:, a Level 1 trauma center in
239:, a Level 1 trauma center in
225:, a Level 1 trauma center in
1824:Advanced trauma life support
1792:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
1583:Pediatric basic life support
1565:Advanced trauma life support
1548:Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
1297:Pediatric emergency medicine
1201:PA Trauma Systems Foundation
529:
374:American College of Surgeons
362:Definitions in United States
174:Birmingham Accident Hospital
157:Birmingham Accident Hospital
78:American College of Surgeons
7:
2558:Veterans medical facilities
2299:Hospital information system
1036:Khon Kaen Regional Hospital
744:Wilson, William C. (2007).
565:
538:
520:
122:A trauma center may have a
10:
2863:
2476:Tertiary referral hospital
1695:
1267:Emergency medical services
547:
416:
365:
306:Emergency Medical Services
211:
141:
29:
2784:
2688:
2622:
2571:
2531:Limited class of patients
2530:
2494:
2458:
2417:
2362:
2259:
2242:
2119:
2094:
2058:
2007:
1884:
1877:
1865:Resuscitative thoracotomy
1857:
1816:
1809:
1784:
1753:Clinical prediction rules
1751:
1744:
1703:
1631:
1610:
1523:
1465:
1414:
1325:
1254:
1196:Georgia Trauma Commission
1161:NHS Wales trauma centres
1118:, American Trauma Society
1110:Trauma Centers Fact Sheet
1054:"Emergency Trauma Center"
919:, American Trauma Society
323:
251:Jackson Memorial Hospital
1761:Abbreviated Injury Scale
1442:Epinephrine / Adrenaline
557:Pediatric trauma centers
356:Royal Columbian Hospital
59:motor vehicle collisions
51:major traumatic injuries
2786:Lists of hospitals in:
2670:Rehabilitation hospital
2543:Combat support hospital
2418:Geographic service area
2404:lying in houses (India)
2294:Hospital administrators
1992:Penetrating head injury
1987:Intracranial hemorrhage
1116:Trauma Levels Explained
1058:Pioneers Medical Center
897:"About the VRC Program"
348:Fraser Health Authority
186:National Health Service
2495:Unique physical traits
2459:Complexity of services
2188:Subcutaneous emphysema
2147:Volkmann's contracture
1997:Traumatic brain injury
1834:Early appropriate care
1829:Damage control surgery
1212:Maryland Trauma System
475:cardiothoracic surgery
456:respiratory therapists
257:
243:
229:
164:
18:Level II trauma center
1962:Thoracic aorta injury
1922:Diaphragmatic rupture
1766:Injury Severity Score
1736:Trauma triad of death
1623:Injury Severity Score
1394:Nasopharyngeal airway
1367:Intraosseous infusion
1191:Arizona Trauma System
782:"Accident Statistics"
249:
235:
221:
200:, and one planned in
154:
2847:Hospital departments
2680:Verterinary hospital
2665:Psychiatric hospital
2517:Underground hospital
2284:Emergency department
2245:History of hospitals
2137:Compartment syndrome
1776:Revised Trauma Score
1400:Oropharyngeal airway
1277:Emergency psychiatry
1262:Emergency department
460:an education program
441:emergency physicians
298:Cook County Hospital
294:Cook County Hospital
190:major trauma centres
67:emergency department
30:For other uses, see
2689:Century established
2635:Children's hospital
2589:Non-profit hospital
2584:For-profit hospital
2579:Charitable hospital
2392:HĂ´tel-Dieu (France)
2319:Intensive care unit
1972:Blunt kidney trauma
1942:Pulmonary contusion
1379:Tracheal intubation
1373:Intravenous therapy
746:"History of Trauma"
580:Architecture portal
282:Shock Trauma Center
192:established across
2837:Emergency medicine
2660:Maternity hospital
2609:Voluntary hospital
2486:Specialty hospital
2471:Secondary hospital
2450:Municipal hospital
2431:Community hospital
2279:Coronary care unit
2253:Category:Hospitals
2086:Spinal cord injury
2045:Penetrating trauma
1912:Soft tissue injury
1553:Basic life support
1457:Sodium bicarbonate
1255:Emergency medicine
1248:Emergency medicine
1030:Public Relations.
915:2012-08-05 at the
607:Emergency medicine
491:emergency medicine
471:orthopedic surgery
258:
244:
230:
176:, which opened in
165:
105:orthopedic surgery
89:emergency medicine
2814:
2813:
2623:Condition treated
2538:Military hospital
2481:Teaching hospital
2445:District hospital
2441:Regional hospital
2334:Operating theater
2304:Hospital medicine
2201:
2200:
2115:
2114:
1957:Internal bleeding
1952:Cardiac tamponade
1907:Joint dislocation
1873:
1872:
1805:
1804:
1663:
1662:
1452:Magnesium sulfate
1361:Electrocardiogram
1287:Medical emergency
1272:Emergency nursing
1005:Houston Chronicle
708:on April 1, 2013.
672:The Trauma Manual
612:Trauma (medicine)
499:internal medicine
446:anesthesiologists
388:The ACS does not
260:According to the
155:Founded in 1940,
16:(Redirected from
2854:
2599:Private hospital
2563:Women's hospital
2522:Virtual Hospital
2436:General hospital
2387:Cottage hospital
2249:Hospital network
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2107:Pediatric trauma
2102:Geriatric trauma
2066:Abdominal trauma
1882:
1881:
1814:
1813:
1749:
1748:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1667:
1666:
1652:
1651:
1640:
1639:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1157:When to call 999
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1027:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
995:
989:
988:
978:
938:
932:
926:
920:
907:
901:
900:
893:
887:
886:
884:
883:
869:
863:
860:
854:
851:
845:
844:
833:
827:
826:
815:
809:
808:
801:
795:
792:
786:
785:
778:
772:
771:
769:
768:
741:
735:
734:
716:
710:
709:
707:
701:. Archived from
700:
692:
686:
685:
667:
661:
660:
658:
657:
643:
596:
591:
590:
589:
582:
577:
576:
410:
352:British Columbia
169:traumatic injury
87:care, including
27:Type of hospital
21:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2780:
2684:
2618:
2604:Public hospital
2567:
2553:Prison hospital
2526:
2512:Mobile hospital
2490:
2454:
2413:
2358:
2309:Hospital museum
2289:Emergency codes
2261:
2260:Common hospital
2255:
2238:
2234:Articles about
2232:
2202:
2197:
2111:
2090:
2054:
2003:
1878:Pathophysiology
1869:
1853:
1801:
1780:
1740:
1699:
1694:
1664:
1659:
1627:
1611:Scoring systems
1606:
1519:
1461:
1410:
1321:
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93:trauma surgery
63:gunshot wounds
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1897:Bone fracture
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1467:Organisations
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1064:on 2013-10-31
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953:(1): 98–106.
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511:critical care
508:
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353:
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94:
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43:trauma centre
40:
39:trauma center
33:
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2832:Traumatology
2674:
2650:Leper colony
2640:Eye hospital
2466:Day hospital
2329:On-call room
2071:Chest injury
2030:Crush injury
2020:Blunt trauma
2015:Blast injury
1937:Pneumothorax
1838:
1721:Traumatology
1716:Major trauma
1647:
1635:
1529:Life support
1311:
1307:Major trauma
1066:. Retrieved
1062:the original
1057:
1048:
1040:the original
1035:
1009:. Retrieved
1003:
993:
950:
946:
936:
924:
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880:. Retrieved
876:
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831:
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813:
799:
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765:. Retrieved
750:
739:
720:
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703:the original
690:
671:
665:
654:. Retrieved
650:
641:
627:Traumatology
560:
551:
542:
533:
524:
515:
479:neurosurgery
468:
428:
420:
412:
405:
398:
394:
389:
387:
371:
346:
327:
318:Rene Joyeuse
266:
259:
182:trauma teams
166:
121:
117:
101:neurosurgery
82:
75:
71:major trauma
42:
38:
36:
2427:(Australia)
2408:Xenodochium
2314:Hospitalist
2142:Contracture
2095:Demographic
2081:Head injury
1927:Flail chest
1849:Trauma team
1406:Pocket mask
1282:Golden hour
622:Trauma team
338:Marvin Tile
336:, Ontario,
276:researcher
2821:Categories
2381:Bimaristan
2375:Asclepeion
2324:Nocturnist
2262:components
2050:Stab wound
1932:Hemothorax
1858:Procedures
1817:Principles
1810:Management
1771:NACA score
1745:Assessment
1711:Polytrauma
1704:Principles
1618:NACA score
1427:Amiodarone
1341:Chest tube
1068:2014-12-29
1011:2011-03-26
882:2017-11-23
767:2012-05-17
656:2017-11-23
633:References
390:officially
366:See also:
212:See also:
196:, four in
178:Birmingham
161:Birmingham
132:helicopter
2389:(England)
2383:(Islamic)
2370:Almshouse
2236:hospitals
2008:Mechanism
1902:Degloving
1537:First aid
1422:Adenosine
1389:Combitube
1363:(ECG/EKG)
1327:Equipment
967:1936-900X
530:Level III
495:radiology
382:pediatric
378:hospitals
344:wounds".
286:Baltimore
136:ambulance
128:airlifted
113:radiology
2377:(Greece)
2349:Pharmacy
2344:Patients
2166:Embolism
1642:Category
1603:(CCrISP)
1447:Naloxone
1437:Dopamine
1432:Atropine
1138:Report:
1132:Report:
985:25671017
913:Archived
877:facs.org
651:facs.org
566:See also
539:Level IV
521:Level II
436:surgeons
308:, under
290:Maryland
198:Scotland
53:such as
47:hospital
2804:Oceania
2614:Defunct
2572:Funding
2402:Vaishya
2398:(Roman)
2339:Orderly
1948:Cardio
1654:Outline
1579:(ACoRN)
1525:Courses
976:4307735
548:Level V
417:Level I
334:Toronto
241:Houston
194:England
142:History
124:helipad
85:nursing
45:, is a
2796:Europe
2788:Africa
2630:Cancer
2059:Region
1983:Neuro
1886:Injury
1726:Triage
1697:Trauma
1597:(ALSO)
1591:(PALS)
1585:(PBLS)
1567:(ATLS)
1561:(ACLS)
1317:Triage
983:
973:
965:
758:
727:
678:
509:, and
451:nurses
423:trauma
324:Canada
111:, and
2354:Wards
1918:Resp
1573:(NRP)
1555:(BLS)
1544:(CPR)
1415:Drugs
1402:(OPA)
1396:(NPA)
1337:(BVM)
706:(PDF)
699:(PDF)
342:knife
274:shock
255:Miami
202:Wales
61:, or
55:falls
41:, or
2792:Asia
2776:21st
2771:20th
2766:19th
2761:18th
2756:17th
2751:16th
2746:15th
2741:14th
2736:13th
2731:12th
2726:11th
2721:10th
2025:Burn
1893:MSK
1375:(IV)
1369:(IO)
981:PMID
963:ISSN
756:ISBN
725:ISBN
676:ISBN
316:and
2716:9th
2711:8th
2706:7th
2701:6th
2696:5th
2443:or
2274:Bed
2176:fat
2171:air
1968:GI
1355:ICD
1350:AED
971:PMC
955:doi
350:in
332:in
284:in
262:CDC
159:in
2823::
2806:,
2802:,
2798:,
2794:,
2790:,
2251:,
2247:,
1527:/
1056:.
1034:.
1020:^
1002:.
979:.
969:.
961:.
951:16
949:.
945:.
875:.
748:.
649:.
505:,
501:,
497:,
493:,
489:,
485:,
481:,
477:,
473:,
288:,
204:.
107:,
103:,
99:,
95:,
91:,
73:.
57:,
37:A
2227:e
2220:t
2213:v
1689:e
1682:t
1675:v
1481:)
1477:(
1357:)
1348:(
1240:e
1233:t
1226:v
1071:.
1014:.
987:.
957::
885:.
770:.
733:.
684:.
659:.
34:.
20:)
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