45:
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567:, published between 1909 and 1922, attempted to reconstruct English country dance as it was performed at the time of Playford, using the surviving traditional English village dances as a guide, as the manuals defined almost none of the figures described. Sharp and his students were, however, almost wholly concerned with English country dances as found in the early dance manuals: Sharp published 160 dances from the Playford manuals and 16 traditional village country dances. Sharp believed that the Playford dances, especially those with irregular forms, represented the original "folk" form of English country dance and that all later changes in the dance's long history were corruptions. This view is no longer held.
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324:(1651) listed over a hundred tunes, each with its own figures. This was enormously popular, reprinted constantly for 80 years and much enlarged. Playford and his successors had a practical monopoly on the publication of dance manuals until 1711, and ceased publishing around 1728. During this period English country dances took a variety of forms including finite sets for two, three and four couples as well as circles and squares.
578:
240:
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574:, was published in 1932, though only in the late 20th century did modern compositions become fully accepted. Reconstructions of historical dances and new compositions continue. Interpreters and composers of the 20th century include Douglas and Helen Kennedy, Pat Shaw, Tom Cook, Ken Sheffield, Charles Bolton, Michael Barraclough, Colin Hume, Gary Roodman, and Andrew Shaw.
280:
French "Contre Danse". As the authority is equally good in both cases, either term is therefore correct. The
Country or Contra Dance has been one of the most popular amusements in the British Isles, France, and other continental countries from time immemorial". However, "contra dance" is most commonly used today to refer to a specific American genre called contra dance.
184:; it was also the most popular formation in all the dance publications of the 18th and early 19th centuries. In 2003, Burleson's Square Dancer's Encyclopedia listed 5125 calls or figures. Circles and fixed-length longways sets are also very common, but the possible formations are limited only by the imagination of the choreographer.
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in the late 19th and early 20th century did a revival take place, so that for some time schoolchildren were taught country dances. In the early 20th century, traditional and historical dances began to be revived in
England. Neal, one of the first to do so, was principally known for her work in ritual
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is just another name for a country dance. Howe, in 1858, wrote, "The term "Country Dance" is the one invariably used in all books on dancing that have been published in
England during the last three centuries, while all works issued in France within the same period employ the term Contra Dance, or in
187:
Thomas Wilson, in 1808, wrote, "A Country Dance is composed of an indefinite number of persons, not less than six, but as many more as chuse, but six are sufficient to perform any figure in the treatise." Wilson was writing about his own period. In fact, there are numerous dances for two couples, and
67:
in the
British Isles; it is the repeated execution of a predefined sequence of figures, carefully designed to fit a fixed length of music, performed by a group of people, usually in couples, in one or more sets. The figures involve interaction with your partner and/or with other dancers, usually with
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Each dance consists of a series of figures, hopefully smoothly linked together, designed to fit to the chosen music. The most common form of music is 32 bar jigs or reels, but any music suitable for dancing can be used. In most dances the dancers will progress to a new position so that the next time
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379:, which allowed the false etymology of "a dance in which lines dance opposite one another". The square-set type also had its vogue in France and spread to much of Europe, Russia and North America during the later 18th century as the
479:
was popular in Spain and spread throughout
Spanish America during the 18th century, where it took on folkloric forms that still exist in Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Panama and Ecuador. In Cuba during the 19th century the
446:, which experienced a resurgence in the mid-20th century. The quadrille evolved into square dance in the United States while in Ireland it contributed to the development of modern Irish set dance. English country dance in
202:
Wilson, in 1820, wrote, "Country Dance
Figures are certain Movements or Directions formed in Circular, Half Circular, Serpentine, Angular, Straight Lines, etc. etc. drawn out into different Lengths, adapted to the various
68:
a progression so that you dance with everyone in your set. It is common in modern times to have a "caller" who teaches the dance and then calls the figures as you dance. Country dances are done in many different styles.
526:. Its name comes from the adoption in Scandinavia of English country dances and contra dances in the early 19th century. In Denmark the description "Engelsk" was used for both line and square dances of English origin.
304:. Many references to country dancing and titles shared with known 17th-century dances appear from this time, though few of these can be shown to refer to English country dance. While some early features resemble the
156:
374:
had come to refer to longways sets divided into groups of three or two couples, which would remain normative until
English country dance's eclipse. The earliest French works refer only to the longways form as
343:, and later to Germany and Italy. André Lorin, who visited the English court in the late 17th century, presented a manuscript of dances in the English manner to Louis XIV on his return to France. In 1706
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run dance classes and balls in
Australia, as well as a Shakespeare Dance & Music Festival, Baroque Dance Weekend, Jane Austen Festival Australia and Yarrangobilly 19th Century Dance Retreat.
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in which dancers dance with their partners independently of others. Bright, rhythmic and simple, country dances had appeal as a refreshing finale to an evening of stately dances such as the
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is a special case, being a convergence of
English, Irish and Scottish forms. In addition certain English country dances survived independently in the popular repertoire. One such is the
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The music most commonly associated with country dancing is folk/country/traditional/historical music, however modern bands are experimenting with countless other genres.
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is a pattern that the dancers trace along the floor, simple ones such as Circle Left are intuitive and can be danced with no prior knowledge, while complex moves such as
312:, may also be seen, and it is probable that English country dance was affected by these at an early date. Little is known of these dances before the mid-17th century.
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of
Country Dance Music." . Again, the possible figures are limited only by the imagination of the choreographer. Examples of some of the figures are provided in the
105:
time, the contredanse was used by Beethoven and Mozart. Beethoven's 6 Ecosaises WoO83 are dated to 1806. Mozart's 6 Ländlerische Tänze, K.606 are dated to 1791.
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and including some dances invented by the author as well as authentic English dances. This was subsequently translated into English by
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clubs generally embrace all types of country dance, American English country dance groups tend to exclude modern contra dances and
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395:, and the "Eightsome Reel" are examples of this kind of dance. Dancing in square sets still survives in Ireland, under the name
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runs English dances in Dover, DE, USA & presents demonstrations at festivals & historic sites in MD & DE.
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Country dances began to influence courtly dance in the 15th century and became particularly popular at the court of
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The modern English country dance community in the United States consists primarily of liberal white professionals.
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is a group of friendly people who gather once a week to dance in Victoria, BC, Canada. Live music is provided by
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has written a history from 1933–1994, just about one of the oldest extant English Country Dance clubs in England.
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Introduced to South America by French immigrants, Country Dance had great influence upon Latin American music as
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promotes, preserves, and teaches traditional English and American music and dance in the San Francisco Bay area.
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1235:(2006). "The Cultural Turn and a New Social History: Folk Dance and the Renovation of Class in Social History".
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is an umbrella organization whose sponsored events include English and American music and dance in Michigan.
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compiled by Robert M. Keller, hosted by the Country Dance and Song Society. Or go straight to the
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Thurston, Hugh (December 1952). "The Development of the Country Dance as Revealed in Printed Sources".
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and other early styles, the influence of the courtly dances of Continental Europe, especially those of
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and the quadrille ousted the country dance from English ballrooms in the early 19th century, though
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For some time English publishers issued annual collections of these dances in popular pocket-books.
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all loved country dancing and put detailed descriptions into their novels. But the vogue for the
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The English country dance "Softly Good Tummas" (1718) at Youth Dance Weekend 2024 in Vermont
1973:
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Wood, Melusine (December 1937). "Some Notes on the English Country Dance before Playford".
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John Gardiner-Garden's 10 volume 7,000 page magnum opus on social dance from 1450 to 1900
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8:
2002:
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The "La Trénis" figure of the Contredanse, an illustration from Le Bon Genre, Paris, 1805
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221:, the vast majority were, and still are, written by dancing masters and choreographers.
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need to be taught. The stepping and style of dancing varies by region and by period.
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Country dancing is intended for general participation, unlike folk dances such as
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of 1791 brought to the Cuban version a Creole influence and a new syncopation.
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Lorin's contradanse choreography, one of the earliest western dance notations
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387:. These usually require a group of eight people, a couple along each side. "
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is a United States umbrella organization whose members enjoy English dance.
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City Folk: English Country Dance and the Politics of Folk in Modern America
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Cunningham, J. P. (December 1962). "The Country Dance: Early References".
442:, arriving independently in the American colonies, became the New England
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is an English Country Dance community centered in Northern Virginia, USA.
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The first collection of modern English country dances since the 1820s,
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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462:, which is almost exactly the same as the "Sir Roger de Coverley".
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practices many English country dances in a historical context.
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runs English and contra dances in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Country Dance New York holds weekly dances in New York City.
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through the music they are dancing with different people.
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is a formation of dancers. The most common formations are
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471:, the Spanish and Spanish-American version of the French
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909:, directory of folk dance clubs, setandturnsingle.org.uk
897:, Oxford University Press 1970, article "Country dance".
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runs English and contra dance events in New York City.
919:"ECD (English country dance) around the United States"
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The Dance: An Historical Survey of Dancing in Europe
738:"Transition From Renaissance Dance To Baroque Dance"
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has an online shop selling books and compact disks.
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Ann Arbor Community for Traditional Music and Dance
1388:A transcription of the first edition of Playford's
742:
Western Social Dance: An Overview of the Collection
703:
1471:
1043:Journal of the English Folk Dance and Song Society
988:Journal of the English Folk Dance and Song Society
967:Journal of the English Folk Dance and Song Society
450:developed its own flavour and became the separate
1309:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
1035:
1033:
335:The country dance was introduced to the court of
127:is another term for the English country dance. A
48:Comical 18th-century country dance; engraving by
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164:English country dancing in Manhattan in May 2024
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1596:
1412:English Country Dance and its American Cousin
838:by Clark Baker, Don Beck; fortytwo.ws/~cbaker
744:. The Library of Congress / American Memory.
132:
484:became an important genre, the ancestor of
1603:
1589:
1544:The Victoria English Country Dance Society
1526:Felpham & Middleton Country Dance Club
1005:Copies of these books may be found online:
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677:
1345:Learn how and when to remove this message
1231:
1177:
438:The English country dance and the French
217:While some dances may have originated on
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953:. New York: Dance Horizons. p. 119.
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590:Contemporary English country dancing at
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1568:Folk dances from County of Nice, France
1508:Earthly Delights Historic Dance Academy
825:Burleson's Square Dancer's Encyclopedia
735:
686:"List_of_works_by_Ludwig_van_Beethoven"
511:is a 16-bar Scandinavian folk dance in
188:quite a few for three or five dancers.
14:
2054:
1018:For the further Improvement of Dancing
921:, www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/~winston/
864:
847:
709:
365:For the Further Improvement of Dancing
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1459:
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1060:
748:from the original on 17 December 2007
1490:Country Dance Society, Boston Centre
1289:
1016:(1706) by Raoul Auger Feuillet, and
963:
355:" presented in a simplified form of
339:of France, where it became known as
292:Village country dance; engraving by
1520:English Folk Dance and Song Society
1114:The History of Latin American Dance
814:Search of IMSLP for "country dance"
712:"Category:Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus"
556:English Folk Dance and Song Society
542:, Queensland, Australia, about 1910
24:
1148:"Dansk Spillemansmuik (1660-1999)"
683:
507:(Swedish for "English") or Danish
176:, i.e. couples in long lines, and
146:
25:
2108:
1576:Scottish Country Dancing database
1571:(in English, French, and Occitan)
1432:
1363:A multi-edition transcription of
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59:is any of a very large number of
1611:
1532:Society for Creative Anachronism
1294:
767:"Music Dictionary : An–Ang"
1516:A list of English dance series.
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1198:The Country Dance Book, Part II
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1171:
1160:from the original on 2007-07-16
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209:Glossary of country dance terms
2087:Dance forms in classical music
1478:Country Dance and Song Society
1466:Bay Area Country Dance Society
1419:comments on the history of ECD
1409:Alan Winston's history survey
1127:"Enkel Engelska © 1997 by SMF"
851:An Analysis of Country Dancing
818:
807:
796:
785:
759:
729:
665:
649:gathering similar to a céilidh
639:gathering similar to a céilidh
32:Country Dance (disambiguation)
13:
1:
1502:Dover English Country Dancers
894:The Oxford Companion to Music
658:
63:of a type that originated in
1514:ECD around the United States
1357:
1185:. New York University Press.
933:Complete Ball-room Hand Book
563:, in the six volumes of his
425:
363:and published in England as
174:longways for as many as will
7:
1404:The Colonial Dancing Master
868:A Companion to the Ballroom
736:Aldrich, Elizabeth (1998).
601:
546:Only due to the efforts of
357:Beauchamp-Feuillet notation
123:word meaning "English") or
10:
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321:The English Dancing Master
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36:
29:
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1992:
1961:
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1726:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance
1715:
1674:
1623:
1238:Journal of Social History
1153:(in Danish). Nodenek.dk.
1196:Sharp, Cecil J. (1911).
1089:"History of Cuban Music"
618:International folk dance
37:Not to be confused with
1933:Northumbrian smallpipes
1007:RecĂĽeil de Contredances
865:Wilson, Thomas (1820).
848:Wilson, Thomas (1808).
771:Music Dictionary Online
496:. Haitians fleeing the
391:", a descendant of the
349:RecĂĽeil de Contredances
275:Historically, the term
1484:Country Dance*New York
1200:. Novello and Company.
595:
594:in Massachusetts, U.S.
543:
452:Scottish country dance
435:
420:Scottish country dance
370:By the 1720s the term
353:contredanses anglaises
332:
302:Elizabeth I of England
297:
260:, which are primarily
253:
165:
133:
129:Scottish country dance
52:
2067:English country dance
2008:Folk music of Denmark
1923:Lincolnshire bagpipes
1731:English country dance
1675:Subgenres and fusions
1548:The Dancehall Players
1538:The Leesburg Assembly
1406:Books and recordings.
1251:10.1353/jsh.2006.0022
1061:Sharp, Cecil (1924).
907:"Set and Turn Single"
854:. London: W. Calvert.
803:Contra Dance Database
608:Country–western dance
589:
537:
433:
399:or "figure dancing".
330:
291:
251:
163:
47:
2077:European folk dances
1454:John Gardiner-Garden
1315:improve this article
1233:Walkowitz, Daniel J.
1179:Walkowitz, Daniel J.
1027:(1710) by John Essex
710:von Köchel, Ludwig.
674:, contrafusion.co.uk
345:Raoul Auger Feuillet
30:For other uses, see
27:Type of social dance
2003:Scottish folk music
1962:Regional traditions
1439:Michael Barraclough
1367:The Dancing Master,
1327:footnote references
1116:by Jessica Martinez
351:, a collection of "
1999:External relations
1918:Lancashire bagpipe
1777:2/2 and 4/4 Dances
1702:Medieval folk rock
1617:English folk music
1553:2016-10-21 at the
1460:Dance associations
1396:2017-05-07 at the
1390:The Dancing Master
1384:by Nicole Salomone
1372:alphabetical index
1095:on 1 February 2014
1023:2015-03-20 at the
1012:2015-10-16 at the
773:. Dolmetsch Online
596:
565:Country Dance Book
544:
498:Haitian Revolution
436:
422:remained popular.
333:
298:
254:
166:
53:
2092:Nordic folk music
2049:
2048:
1948:Yorkshire bagpipe
1682:British folk rock
1624:Folk music by era
1449:Patri J. Pugliese
1378:Evolution of the
1355:
1354:
1347:
1129:. Folkdancing.com
947:Kirstein, Lincoln
587:
310:Renaissance Italy
249:
161:
143:is also related.
131:may be termed an
39:Irish set dancing
16:(Redirected from
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1993:Related articles
1852:Children's songs
1746:Long Sword dance
1707:Progressive folk
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1446:
1441:
1434:
1433:Interpretation
1431:
1430:
1429:
1426:Historic Dance
1421:
1417:Gene Murrow's
1415:
1407:
1401:
1385:
1375:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1307:external links
1302:
1300:
1293:
1287:
1286:External links
1284:
1281:
1280:
1245:(3): 781–802.
1224:
1203:
1188:
1170:
1139:
1118:
1106:
1080:
1078:, p. 212.
1068:
1053:
1029:
998:
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911:
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676:
672:"Dance Videos"
663:
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592:Pinewoods Camp
531:
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347:published his
285:
282:
262:concert dances
228:While English
219:village greens
148:
145:
96:
81:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2109:
2098:
2097:Nordic dances
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2019:
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2014:Miscellaneous
2013:
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1857:Protest songs
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1076:Kirstein 1969
1072:
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995:(3): 148–154.
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631:
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628:Stave dancing
626:
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621:
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614:
613:Baroque dance
611:
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541:
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460:Virginia Reel
457:
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409:
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397:"set dancing"
394:
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354:
350:
346:
342:
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329:
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323:
322:
317:
316:John Playford
313:
311:
307:
303:
295:
294:Abraham Bosse
290:
281:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
237:
235:
234:square dances
231:
226:
222:
220:
215:
212:
210:
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189:
185:
183:
182:contra dances
179:
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144:
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137:
136:
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126:
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118:
113:
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106:
99:
84:
74:
69:
66:
62:
61:social dances
58:
57:country dance
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
2082:Social dance
2072:Contra dance
2041:Portal:Music
1898:Crowdy-crawn
1862:Sea shanties
1761:Rapper dance
1756:Morris dance
1687:Folk baroque
1425:
1411:
1389:
1379:
1366:
1341:
1332:
1317:by removing
1304:
1242:
1236:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1212:"Maggot Pie"
1206:
1197:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1162:. Retrieved
1142:
1131:. Retrieved
1121:
1113:
1109:
1097:. Retrieved
1093:the original
1083:
1071:
1062:
1056:
1047:
1041:
1001:
992:
986:
980:
971:
965:
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941:
932:
926:
914:
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892:
867:
860:
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843:
831:
820:
809:
798:
787:
775:. Retrieved
770:
761:
750:. Retrieved
741:
731:
719:. Retrieved
715:
705:
693:. Retrieved
689:
679:
667:
597:
571:
569:
564:
559:dances, but
545:
518:
508:
504:
502:
481:
476:
472:
466:
464:
444:contra dance
439:
437:
412:Thomas Hardy
401:
392:
389:Les Lanciers
376:
371:
369:
364:
352:
348:
340:
334:
319:
314:
306:morris dance
299:
277:contra dance
276:
274:
255:
227:
223:
216:
213:
204:
201:
192:
190:
186:
177:
173:
169:
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124:
116:
114:
107:
97:
82:
73:musical form
70:
56:
54:
1974:Northumbria
1943:Tin whistle
1881:Instruments
1736:Furry Dance
1716:Dance forms
1365:Playford's
1335:August 2022
1217:18 November
1050:(1): 29–35.
974:(2): 93–99.
653:Schottische
561:Cecil Sharp
548:Cecil Sharp
494:cha cha cha
482:contradanza
477:contradanza
473:contradanse
468:contradanza
440:contredanse
404:Jane Austen
377:contradanse
372:contradanse
341:contredanse
110:contradanza
75:written in
2056:Categories
2018:Folk clubs
1893:Concertina
1872:Work songs
1835:Song forms
1697:Folk metal
1444:Colin Hume
1382:(archived)
1164:2013-12-09
1133:2013-12-09
1099:19 January
752:2007-12-18
659:References
572:Maggot Pie
361:John Essex
230:folk dance
119:(from the
1888:Accordion
1867:War songs
1822:9/8 Dance
1812:6/8 Dance
1802:3/2 Dance
1792:3/4 Dance
1767:2/4 Dance
1692:Folk punk
1666:2000–2009
1661:1990–1999
1656:1980–1989
1651:1970–1979
1646:1960–1969
1641:1950–1959
1636:1900–1949
1631:1500–1899
1319:excessive
1275:142830484
1259:0022-4529
871:. London.
777:29 August
552:Mary Neal
540:Helenvale
426:Influence
393:quadrille
385:cotillion
381:quadrille
337:Louis XIV
135:Ă©cossaise
18:Set dance
1979:Somerset
1969:Cornwall
1928:Melodeon
1826:Slip jig
1781:Hornpipe
1551:Archived
1394:Archived
1181:(2010).
1155:Archived
1021:Archived
1010:Archived
949:(1969).
746:Archived
602:See also
554:and the
505:Engelska
448:Scotland
383:and the
258:clogging
125:Angloise
1842:Ballads
1722:General
1562:General
1358:History
1313:Please
1305:use of
1267:3790291
935:, p. 25
931:Howe's
721:13 June
695:13 June
643:Twmpath
637:Cornish
623:Maypole
530:Revival
509:Engelsk
284:History
205:Strains
178:squares
117:Anglais
65:England
50:Hogarth
1984:Sussex
1903:Fiddle
1847:Carols
1273:
1265:
1257:
486:danzon
296:, 1633
270:minuet
264:, and
193:figure
121:French
1938:Tabor
1913:Flute
1796:Waltz
1771:Polka
1472:CD NY
1271:S2CID
1263:JSTOR
1158:(PDF)
1151:(PDF)
951:Dance
716:IMSLP
690:IMSLP
647:Welsh
633:Troyl
490:mambo
416:waltz
71:As a
1908:Fife
1816:Jigs
1786:Reel
1255:ISSN
1219:2012
1101:2014
779:2022
723:2023
697:2023
645:, a
635:, a
503:The
492:and
465:The
410:and
115:The
1321:or
1247:doi
318:'s
170:set
90:or
2058::
1269:.
1261:.
1253:.
1243:39
1241:.
1046:.
1032:^
991:.
970:.
891:,
877:^
769:.
740:.
714:.
688:.
550:,
488:,
454:.
406:,
367:.
272:.
236:.
211:.
191:A
168:A
139:.
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1590:v
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1342:(
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1333:(
1329:.
1311:.
1277:.
1249::
1221:.
1167:.
1136:.
1103:.
1065:.
1048:7
993:9
972:3
781:.
755:.
725:.
699:.
519:4
98:8
83:4
41:.
34:.
20:)
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