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137:, which looped south for 2.5 miles (4 km) and returned to a point a mere 220 yards (200 m) from the beginning of the meander, near a location known as the Mandale. From there it meandered north and then back south, joining the current channel at a point about 1350 yds (1.2 km) from the Mandale in a roughly west-northwest direction.
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These two meanders, along with the tidal nature of the river and the presence of shifting sandbars, made navigation difficult. The journey from
Stockton to Middlesbrough could take as long as the journey from Middlesbrough to London. Stockton's flour industry required good river navigation to compete
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c. clxii), replaced the Tees
Navigation Company with the Tees Conservancy Board which took charge of the entire navigation of the river. Much of the work carried out by this body exploited the growing iron industry in Middlesbrough. Large amounts of slag from the processing of iron ore were dumped
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Cutting off the northern meander required a longer channel to be dug, the final cut being 1,100 yds (1 km) long. Since the northern meander was shorter and the cut longer, the net reduction in distance was less, but the bypassing of islands and sandbars in the
Portrack meander still made it
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The original 1808 act authorised the
Mandale Cut. The company dug a channel at the Mandale to cut off the southern meander and opened this improvement in 1810. Although it was a comparatively simple engineering work, political problems had dogged the operation since it was first suggested in the
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An Act for making a navigable Cut from the East Side of the River Tees near
Stockton into the said River near Portrack, in the County of Durham; and making various other Improvements in the Navigation of the said River between the Town of Stockton and the
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Despite these two improvements, the river's usefulness continued to deteriorate. The estuary below Cargo Fleet was treacherous, as the river divided into three channels around various bars and shoals. In the 1850s another act of
Parliament, the
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along the channel in order to narrow and straighten it, causing the river to flow faster and thus scour its own bed. In addition, there was much work done dredging channels for ships.
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At the beginning of the 19th century, the River Tees had several large meanders between the two towns, especially a large meander beginning at the current location of the
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lay on the southern meander and would lose all access to the river after the cut was made. Lord
Harewood was eventually compensated and the work went ahead.
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with other ports. Removing the meanders was seen as a means of preventing the town's decline as a port.
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The town of
Stockton-on-Tees is located at 54.57°N latitude & 1.32°W longitude.
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The town of
Middlesbrough is located at 54.574°N latitude and 1.233°W longitude.
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243:. c. xcvii) and completed in 1831, resulting in the present river channel.
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113:. c. xlviii), for the purpose of improving navigation of the
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was a
British Company chartered by an act of Parliament, the
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The parochial history and antiquities of Stockton upon Tees
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254:Tees Conservancy and Stockton Dock Act 1852
231:worthwhile. The work was authorised by the
150:1790s. In particular, property owned by
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223:Text of statute as originally enacted
90:Text of statute as originally enacted
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321:Companies based in Middlesbrough
187:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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117:between the towns of
247:The Tees Conservancy
299:J Richardson, 1829
258:15 & 16 Vict.
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84:27 May 1808
69:. c. xlviii
316:River Tees
310:Categories
265:References
202:. c. xcvii
129:Background
115:River Tees
51:Long title
111:48 Geo. 3
67:48 Geo. 3
241:9 Geo. 4
200:9 Geo. 4
195:Citation
62:Citation
207:Dates
74:Dates
121:and
97:The
56:Sea.
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