755:
211:
792:
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527:
841:, as VVAW spokesman, testified against the war for two hours in front of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee before a packed room. The veterans lobbied all day on Capitol. A Washington District Court judge dissolved his injunction order, rebuking the Justice Department lawyers for requesting the court order and then not enforcing it. Veterans staged a candlelight march around the White House, while carrying a huge American flag upside down in the historic international signal of distress.
860:, they had no idea how to handle the discarded medals and finally passed them on to the Congressional Medal of Honor Society. Several hearings in Congress were held that week regarding atrocities committed in Vietnam and the U.S. media's inaccurate coverage of the war. There were also hearings on proposals to end the United States' participation in the war. The vets planted a tree on the mall as part of a ceremony symbolizing the veterans' wish to preserve life and the environment.
1088:
are the guys that fucking made the policy, and these were the guys that were responsible for it, and these were the guys that were voting to continue the fucking war when the public was against it. I felt that if we really believed in what we were doing, and if we were willing to put our lives on the line for the country over there, we should be willing to put our lives on the line for the country over here.
460:
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but we are gathered here today, waving no flags, in the ruins of that dream. Some of you saw right away the evil of what was going on; others of us one by one, adding and re-adding the balance sheet of what was happening and what could possibly be accomplished finally saw that no goal could be so laudable, or defense so necessary, as to justify what we have visited upon the people of
Indochina.
27:
2518:, pp. 192–193: ...in April 1975 the RU- controlled national office moved decisively to assert full control over the organization it expelled a number of chapters, drove out scores of individuals and then imposed programmatic uniformity on those members who remains. Within a very few months, VVAW/WSI declined to a small core of RU cadre and close supporters."
887:. Patients were brought into the chapel in wheelchairs. The service included time for individual prayers or public confession, and many veterans took the floor to recount things they had done or seen for which they felt guilt or anger. This was the last service performed by Day for nearly two decades.
724:
by US and South
Vietnamese forces. Dubbed "Operation Dewey Canyon III", it took place in Washington, D.C., April 19–23, 1971. Participants said it was "a limited incursion into the country of Congress." This week of protest events gained much greater media publicity and Vietnam veterans participation
504:
concluded, "Detractors have always cited numbers when criticizing VVAW. At the pinnacle of VVAW's success in 1972, membership rolls listed almost 25,000 card carriers, or fewer than 1 percent of all eligible
Vietnam era veterans. ... By emphasizing the low percentage of Vietnam veterans who paid dues
1186:
In 1976 VVAW/WSO made Still At War, a documentary on PTSD (PVS) and conditions at the VA. It includes discussions of the effects of the war on veterans, the impact of military records, Post
Vietnam Syndrome and Post Vietnam Struggle. It was made by the Still At War film collective with assistance of
832:
spent the day speaking with the veterans. The guerrilla theater re-enactments were moved to the steps of the
Justice Department. Many veterans were prepared to be arrested for camping on the National Mall, but none were, as park police defied orders to make arrests. Headlines the following day read,
803:
On April 20, 1971, 200 veterans listened to hearings by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee on proposals to end the war. Other veterans, still angry at the insult to the Gold Star Mothers when they were refused entry to Arlington National Cemetery the previous day, marched back to the front gate.
744:
Maybe there are some others here like me—who wanted desperately to believe that what we were doing was acceptable, who hung on the words of "revolutionary development" and "winning the hearts and minds of the people." We had been told that on the balance the war was a good thing and we tried to make
657:
In
January 1971, VVAW sponsored the Winter Soldier Investigation to gather and present testimony from soldiers about war crimes being committed in Southeast Asia; they intended to demonstrate these resulted from American war policies. The event was boycotted by much of the mainstream media, although
368:
We believe that the conflict in which the United States is engaged in
Vietnam is wrong, unjustifiable and contrary to the principles on which this country was founded. We join the dissent of the millions of Americans against this war. We support our buddies still in Vietnam. We want them home alive.
930:
Green was declined by the town. The VVAW and residents who supported them camped there anyway. At 2:30 a.m. on May 30, local and state police awoke and arrested 441 demonstrators for trespassing. They were transported on school buses to spend the rest of the night at the
Lexington Public Works
820:
of the United States
Supreme Court had reversed the decision of the Court of Appeals and reinstated the injunction. The veterans were given until 4:30 the following afternoon to break camp and leave the National Mall. This was the fastest reversal of an Appeals Court decision in the Supreme Court's
749:
the grief of one of the survivors was mixed with bewilderment as he told a reporter, "I just don't understand it ... always before, the Americans brought medicine and candy." I believe there is something in all of us that would wave a flag for the dream of an America that brings medicine and candy,
384:
According to VVAW, its founders organized discussions for veterans on readjustment issues in 1970. This was a predecessor to readjustment counselling at modern Vet Centers. The group helped draft legislation for education and job programs, and assisted veterans with post-war health care through the
1087:
I did not think it was terrible at the time. My plan was that, on the last day we would go into the offices we would schedule the most hardcore hawks for last—and we would shoot them all. ... I was serious. I felt that I spent two years killing women and children in their own fucking homes. These
787:
addressed the large crowd and expressed support. VVAW members defied a Justice Department-ordered injunction against camping on the Mall and set up an installation. Later that day, the District Court of Appeals lifted the injunction. Some members visited their Congressmen to lobby against the U.S.
488:
were in full swing, signaling the beginning of the end of the war, meaning the end of VVAW's primary mission. Membership in the organization declined, and the leadership began to consider broader purposes to support veterans. Membership requirements were relaxed, and political differences arose as
1190:
In 1978 Maude de Victor, a Chicago Veterans Administration caseworker, noticed a pattern in cancers and other illnesses suffered by Vietnam veterans. She linked those illnesses with exposure to herbicides such as Agent Orange, and its dioxin contaminants. VVAW led veterans organizations in the
939:, was among those who volunteered to represent the demonstrators. He worked out a deal with Concord Court Judge John Forte. The protesters later paid a $ 5 fine each and were released. The mass arrests caused a community backlash and eventually resulted in positive coverage for the VVAW.
836:
On April 22, a large group of veterans demonstrated on the steps of the Supreme Court, saying that the Supreme Court should have ruled on the constitutionality of the war. The veterans sang "God Bless America" and 110 were arrested for disturbing the peace, and were later released.
196:
or civil rights activists. Membership has varied greatly, from almost 25,000 veterans during the height of the war to fewer than 2,000 since the late 20th century. The VVAW is widely considered to be among the most influential anti-war organizations of the American Vietnam War era.
1120:
gained influential positions in the VVAW. This reached its peak in 1975, when the RU-controlled national office voted to remove members, expel chapters and place the organization into ideological uniformity. They later voted to dissolve themselves into the Revolutionary Union.
1236:
Reunions are scheduled every five years for members and alumni; the 1992 event attracted hundreds of veterans to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the founding. VVAW continues to organize programs and fundraising events in support of veterans, peace, and social justice."
1132:
VVAW has survived the conflict with RCP and changes after the end of the war. Historian Andrew Hunt said it was "an ineffectual fragment of its former self. ... VVAW never ceased to exist. It split, dwindled, and underwent additional transformation. Yet it did not fold."
373:
Beginning in 1968, the VVAW protestors would specifically wear military uniforms while denouncing the war. In 1997, Barry stated, "You can imagine the effect this had upon cops and lots of other people. Holy shit! These people are for real—a whole bunch of medals".
512:
1167:
As early as 1970, VVAW initiated "rap groups" to help veterans readjust: these were venues for veterans to discuss troubling aspects of the war, their disillusionment, and experiences after returning home. They gained the aid of prominent psychiatrists Dr.
2471:
1205:
Mainstream veterans groups had tended to be suspicious of Vietnam veterans who protested against the war, regarding them as "crybabies and losers" in general. They particularly thought the VVAW members were unpatriotic and anti-American.
489:
new members fought with old about direction. By 1973 VVAW had several thousand members. With internal struggles still threatening the group, 2,000 members demonstrated in Washington, D.C., in July 1974, demanding universal amnesty for
1210:
was not founded until 1978 by VVAW member Robert Muller. In 1990 the American Legion and VVA joined the cause of Vietnam veterans, filing suit against the government for having failed to conduct the study ordered by Congress in 1979.
1124:
A reconstituted group of non Marxist members of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War filed and won a lawsuit prohibiting the RU dominated group from using the VVAW name, logos and materials. The RU group organization was renamed
762:
The gate to the cemetery had been closed and locked upon word of their impending arrival; the Gold Star mothers placed the wreaths outside the gate and departed. The march re-formed and continued to the Capitol, with Congressman
284:
On June 1, 1967, six veterans met in Jan Barry's apartment to found a new anti-war organization, "at a time when the mainstream media was wholeheartedly...promoting the war." This group likely comprised 24-year-old Jan Barry,
304:
from 1966 to 1967. Barry telephoned Rogers immediately, after which the two became collaborators and lifelong friends. Barry convinced Rogers to join VVAW, after which Rogers would serve as its vice president. According to
2446:
552:“A U.S. infantry company has just come through here. If you had been Vietnamese, we might have burned your house, shot you and your dog, raped your wife and daughter, burned the town and tortured its citizens.”
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Members of Vietnam Veterans Against the War and Vietnamese victims come together to assess the legacy of Agent Orange (warning: graphic images – viewer discretion advised). From the Chicago FreeSpeechZone
595:" actors portraying civilians. The 86-mile-long march culminated in a four-hour mass rally at Valley Forge attended by more than 1,500 people. The honorary commander was retired Army Brigadier General
481:
Higher estimates exist, including a claim of 20,000 members for 1971. The organization has claimed a peak membership of over 30,000. Counting non-veteran supporters, VVAW had "roughly 50,000" members.
2833:
828:, attempting to surrender as war criminals. A Pentagon spokesman took their names and turned them away. Veterans continued to meet with and lobby their congressional representatives. Senator
698:
showing participants giving testimony at the 1971 hearing, as well as footage of the Dewey Canyon III week of protest events. This film is on limited distribution and is available on DVD.
571:
in Pennsylvania by over 200 veterans. They were joined by members of "Nurses for Peace", MAN - Making a Nation and other peace groups. The march was designed to dramatize a Vietnam-type
4526:
1591:
1112:
In 1973, after months of heated debate, the VVAW changed its name to VVAW/WSO (Winter Soldier Organization), and opened its membership to non-veterans to increase its base. Members of
1176:
to direct their sessions. VVAW's work contributed to "Post-Vietnam Syndrome" being recognized in 1980 as post-traumatic stress disorder by the American Psychiatric Association in its
678:
gained more than $ 10,000 in donations for this cause from 54 college campuses. Winter Soldier Investigation testimonies were read into the Congressional Record by Senator
4541:
2818:
2450:
591:. Upon entering each town along the march, the group made sweeps, took and interrogated prisoners, seized property and cleared homes with the aid of previously planted "
1068:
operations during the Vietnam War to assassinate the Viet Cong. Camil's Phoenix Project targeted the Southern senatorial leadership who were backing the war, including
369:
We want them home now. We want to prevent any other young men from being sent to Vietnam. We want to end the war now. We believe this is the highest form of patriotism.
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377:
Despite its rapid foundation and initial growth, the organization's trajectory was difficult to maintain. This was in part due to the November 1968 election of
1875:
1515:
804:
After initial refusal of entry, the veterans were finally allowed in. Veterans performed guerrilla theater on the Capitol steps, re-enacting combat scenes and
431:
The fluctuating membership size has had varied estimates. The organization remained small until late 1969 when it gained several hundred new members. With the
1909:
745:
it a good thing; all of us can tell of somebody who helped out an orphanage, or of men like one sergeant who adopted a crippled Vietnamese child; and even at
3873:
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895:
Operation POW, organized by the VVAW in Massachusetts, expressed the imprisonment of Americans by the war years and honor for American POWs held captive by
3848:
3702:
1187:
The American Federation of Government Employees Local 1061, the American Veterans Movement, and patients of the Long Beach and Brentwood V.A. hospitals.
664:
covered it daily; its journalists began their own investigations to follow the testimony. They found no fraudulent participants or fraudulent testimony.
309:, Rogers "marched alongside Martin Luther King Jr., appeared on numerous radio and television programs, and became the subject of feature stories in the
3788:
2306:
844:
On Friday, April 23, more than 800 veterans individually tossed their medals, ribbons, discharge papers, and other war mementos on the steps of the
1778:
740:. Reverend Jackson H. Day, who had a few days earlier resigned his military chaplainship, conducted a memorial service for their fellows. He said:
563:
During the Labor Day weekend of September 4–7, 1970, Operation RAW ("Rapid American Withdrawal") took place. It was a three-day protest march from
293:(whom Barry described as ). Other early members included David Braum, John Talbot, Art Blank, Steve Greene, Frank "Rocky" Rocks, and Stan Scholl.
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712:
526:
471:
informant within the organization noted in March 1971 that membership had grown from 1,500 to over 12,000 in the past four months. An article in
1191:
struggle to force the government to test, treat and compensate the victims of those poisons. Congress mandated a study of Agent Orange in 1979.
1338:
511:
1202:, in 1982. Two years later the companies settled the suit for $ 180 million to compensate what at that time were more than 200,000 claimants.
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848:, rejecting the Vietnam War and the significance of those awards. Among those that threw medals were Sen. John Kerry. According to internal
4199:
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3895:
871:
helped arrange at least $ 50,000 in fundraising for Dewey Canyon III. The VVAW paid $ 94,000 to advertise this event in the April 11, 1971
386:
146:
2009:
364:," and it "spawned similar ads in newspapers across the country," as well as attracting new VVAW members. The 1967 advertisement declared:
4394:
951:
for two days to bring attention to their cause. Simultaneous protests took place at other sites across the country, such as the historic
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959:
in California (for 12 hours). VVAW members in California also briefly occupied the South Vietnam Government consulate in San Francisco.
4521:
3853:
300:
held a press conference announcing his opposition to the war. Rogers had been a chaplain's assistant at the 1st Logistical Command at
3858:
3670:
2376:
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This event was estimated to have cost the VVAW $ 50,000–$ 75,000. Funds were raised by several celebrity peace activists; actress
4142:
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2075:
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Veterans applying to participate in the investigation were asked if they had witnessed or participated in any of the following:
4017:
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2358:
707:
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donated a full-page VVAW ad in its February edition. The national televised coverage of VVAW's week-long April 1971 protest in
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Its insignia was designed by Barry, the first president of the organization. Barry appropriated the military insignia of the
408:, replacing its sword with a helmet and gun. In so doing, Barry "transform war symbols into peace symbols" similarly to the
4531:
4266:
4213:
3941:
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405:
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36:
1183:
Such discussion groups are often used in the VVAW "rap group" treatment methods are the basis for treating PTSD today.
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3971:
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2671:
Andrew E. Hunt. The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War, New York University Press, 1999, pp. 188–89
2196:
1811:
1156:
VVAW members also worked to gain veterans' treatment and benefits for major Vietnam-related health conditions, namely,
1117:
1921:
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3799:
3463:
3121:
2855:
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1322:
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The plan was voted down, although there's a "difference of opinion" as to how close the vote was. It is not known if
1867:
716:
Operation Dewey Canyon III, where "800 Vietnam Veterans War Medals on Capitol Steps Into a Pile Marked Trash", 1972
4061:
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3868:
3483:
356:
titled "Viet-Nam Veterans Speak Out". It featured the signatures of 65 veterans. According to Barry, it "shook up
264:
gathered under an impromptu banner reading 'Vietnam Veterans Against the War.' This group included poet and author
1651:
340:
Soon, the VVAW secured a desk and a telephone in the office of the Fifth Avenue Vietnam Peace Parade Committee in
3251:
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2748:
962:
In 1976, VVAW members occupied the Statue of Liberty a second time to bring renewed attention to veteran issues.
916:
884:
532:
517:
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732:(mothers of soldiers killed in war), more than 1,100 veterans marched across the Lincoln Memorial Bridge to the
4256:
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participation in the war. The VVAW presented Congress with a 16-point suggested resolution for ending the war.
588:
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in 1970, VVAW's visibility increased, and they attracted new members, increasing from 1,500 to almost 5,000.
3002:
883:
In May 1971, the VVAW and former Army chaplain Reverend Jackson Day conducted a service for veterans at the
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that year said VVAW had at that time approximately 11,000 members and employed 26 regional coordinators.
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dropout who had served in the war as a radio specialist in an Army unit of a fixed-wing supply aircraft.
238:
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An Army of the Willing: Fayette'Nam, Soldier Dissent, and the Untold Story of the All-Volunteer Force
1027:. Among its most prominent organizers was VVAW co-founder Carl Douglas Rogers. American photographer
576:
381:, whose presidency "created a discouraging atmosphere for dissent that lasted through most of 1969".
321:
2985:
VVAW Coordinator Barry Romo's speech against the Iraq War and cutting of veteran health care funding
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1104:, attended this meeting. Kerry's campaign said he was not there and had already resigned from VVAW.
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reported that the concert had 50,000 attendees, which the VVAW described as "peaceniks" (a play on
927:
105:
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By 1973, US combat involvement in Vietnam ended. VVAW changed its emphasis to include advocating
816:
held a fund-raising party for the veterans. During the party it was announced that Chief Justice
568:
306:
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138:
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2013:
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Membership passed 8,500 by January 1971, and thousands more flocked to the organization after
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1433:"Many Draft Cards Burned - Eggs Tossed at Parade." New York Times, April 16, 1967, pp. 1, 38
791:
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908:
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to VVAW, opponents have sought to dismiss the significance and impact of the organization."
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1652:“I Quit!” The Vietnam War and the Early Antiwar Activism of Master Sergeant Donald Duncan
1265:
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423:, wherein military personnel circulated publications satirizing and condemning the war.
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Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society
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was elected as Lt. Governor of Massachusetts in 1982, and as a US Senator in 1984.
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The group originated as a slogan carried by protestors during New York City's 1967
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Martin Luther King at the UN for an Anti-Vietnam War Demonstration (15 April 1967)
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1411:"Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement -- Address by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr"
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Milliarium Zero/Winterfilm Collective; VVAW Historical Archive Docs. pp. 8–10
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Vietnam, A View from the Walls: History of the Anti-Vietnam War U.S. Protest
1868:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War Operation RAW (Rapid American Withdrawal)"
1844:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War Operation RAW (Rapid American Withdrawal)"
1479:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War: THE VETERAN: Carl Douglas Rogers, R.I.P."
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War and Political Ideology: The Roots of Radicalism Among Vietnam Veterans.
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Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History,
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2472:"Texas Tech University Vietnam Center's 2005 Symposium on the Vietnam War"
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Sex and Gender in Pop/Rock Music: The Blues Through the Beatles to Beyoncé
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Winter Soldiers: An Oral History of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War.
1214:
Several VVAW members moved on to prominent positions in society. In 1978
1113:
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1000:
947:
On December 26, 1971, fifteen VVAW activists barricaded and occupied the
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214:
Vietnam War Protestors on Memorial Bridge, Washington, D.C., October 1967
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1129:(VVAW-AI). Deep animosity still exists between the two organizations.
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289:, Skip Delano, photographer Sheldon Ramsdell, and former Black Panther
273:
135:
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Waging Peace in Vietnam – US Soldiers and Veterans Who Opposed the War
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Battle Green Vietnam: The 1971 March on Concord, Lexington, and Boston
2743:
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Myths and Realities: A Study of Attitudes Toward Vietnam Era Veterans,
2189:
Battle Green Vietnam: The 1971 March on Concord, Lexington, and Boston
1702:
FBI File 100-HQ-448092 – Section 2, Declassified through FOIA; p. 106.
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joining the procession en route. McCloskey and fellow Representatives
360:, who had the signers investigated by the FBI," it "was read into the
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32:
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2447:"How Kerry Quit Veterans Group Amid Dark Plot By Thomas H. Lipscomb"
1366:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)"
1194:
Veterans separately filed suit against the herbicide manufacturers,
229:
staged an improvised anti-war demonstration in New York City titled
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185:
701:
497:, and universal discharge with benefits for all Vietnam veterans.
3047:
2999:
1593:
All-American Rebels: The American Left from the Wobblies to Today
1142:
985:
720:
This peaceful anti-war protest organized by VVAW was named after
394:
327:
158:
150:
4246:
3655:
3605:
3352:
3282:
1298:
1233:
It was adapted as a 1989 movie and won several Academy Awards.
746:
682:(R-OR). In 1972, VVAW continued antiwar protests, and released
162:
2682:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War: THE VETERAN: VVAW's Legacy"
2498:
2496:
1992:
1990:
1240:
The 40th anniversary was held in Chicago on August 3-5, 2007.
555:-Text on pamphlet passed out by VVAW marchers to residents of
459:
456:, and smaller protests in subsequent months brought attention.
3392:
3038:
A Matter of Conscience – GI Resistance During the Vietnam War
1639:
599:. A partial list of sponsors included United States Senators
154:
2995:
GI Antiwar Movement films, audio clips, photos and libraries
2579:
1365:
1107:
87:
Fifth Avenue Vietnam Peace Parade Committee in New York City
26:
2819:
The Spitting Image: Myth, Memory, and the Legacy of Vietnam
2493:
2141:(PhD). Duke University, Department of History. p. 233.
1987:
1967:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War;
1765:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War;
1691:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War;
1032:
643:. Mike Lerner, and Army First Lt. Louis Font also spoke.
4527:
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
4241:
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
4027:
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
2773:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War
2727:
Passing Time: Memoir of a Vietnam Veteran Against the War.
2556:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War
2504:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War
1517:
The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War
1276:
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
965:
4425:
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
2848:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement.
2629:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement,
2568:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement,
1977:
1975:
1936:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement;
1665:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement;
1288:- book dispelling the myth of the spat-on Vietnam veteran
1065:
227:
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
2286:"The War is Over" Concert and Peace Rally - May 11, 1975
2101:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement
2051:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement
2034:
Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans' Movement
119:
2945:
575:
mission as they passed through various towns including
1972:
808:
from Vietnam. Later that evening, Democratic Senators
419:
Its creation coincided with the popularization of the
3012:
Vietnam Vet and VVAW leader Terry DuBose on Rag Radio
1924:
from the original on 2020-08-11 – via vvaw.org.
1179:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
389:(VA) hospital system, including assisting victims of
3048:
Waging Peace in Vietnam Interviews with GI resisters
2889:. Documentary directed by the Winterfilm Collective.
1713:
Patriots: The Vietnam War Remembered from All Sides.
3703:
Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
1938:
Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2004, pp. 87, 108–09
3267:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
2963:The Winter Soldier Investigation sponsored by VVAW
2909:. Documentary by the Still At War Film Collective.
1306:
974:concert and rally in New York City Central Park's
915:by spending successive nights at the sites of the
671:missions, crop destruction, and POW mistreatment.
535:notes on the Cleveland VVAW chapter; unknown year.
347:Also in 1967, the VVAW bought an advertisement in
169:veterans. It publishes a twice-yearly newsletter,
2359:Copyrighted photo of Joan Baez performing onstage
2046:
2044:
2042:
1451:Art Goldberg, "Vietnam Vets: The Anti-War Army,"
1339:"Veterans for Peace at the March on the Pentagon"
1127:Vietnam Veterans Against the War Anti-Imperialist
241:, with over 400,000 attendees. Speakers included
4513:
2168:"Vietnam Veteran Ministers Walter Reed Memorial"
2152:John Kerry and Vietnam Veterans Against the War;
942:
926:The organizers' request to camp on the historic
540:
173:; this was earlier published more frequently as
4542:Veterans' organizations opposed to the Iraq War
3087:
3033:, a film about GI resistance to the Vietnam War
2340:Phil Ochs - The War is over (1975) Central Park
2224:Against the Vietnam War: Writings by Activists,
878:
702:Dewey Canyon III – Washington, D.C., April 1971
646:
4547:American military personnel of the Vietnam War
4537:Political advocacy groups in the United States
4154:April 15, 1967 Anti-Vietnam war demonstrations
2662:Veteran Administration Publications, July 1980
2039:
2010:"Vietnam Veteran Ministers Arlington Memorial"
1634:
1632:
1136:
1031:documented the event, and it was broadcast on
903:weekend, veterans and supporters marched from
824:On April 21, more than 50 veterans marched to
393:and other chemical agents. The VVAW advocated
4011:
3718:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
3073:
2558:, New York University Press, 1999, pp. 181–82
2103:, 2004, Carroll & Graf Publishers; p. 107
1914:The Veteran: Vietnam Veterans Against the War
4200:1968 Democratic National Convention protests
2959:By Barry Romo, Pete Zastrow & Joe Miller
2870:Program of Vietnam Veterans Against the War.
2520:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFElbaum2002 (
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1218:co-founded the Vietnam Veterans of America.
758:Veterans at a 1971 protest in Washington, DC
615:. Sponsors scheduled to speak included Rep.
520:notes on the NYC VVAW chapter; unknown year.
387:United States Department of Veterans Affairs
260:During this march, about 20 veterans of the
145:founded in 1967 to oppose the United States
4395:Fifth Avenue Vietnam Peace Parade Committee
1872:University of Washington Digital Collection
1629:
147:policy and participation in the Vietnam War
4018:
4004:
3080:
3066:
3022:Articles about VVAW and Winter Soldier at
2479:Texas Tech University – The Vietnam Center
2304:
2212:Unfinished Symphony: Democracy and Dissent
2136:
25:
3671:Global Day of Action on Military Spending
3053:1974–1976 issues of the VVAW's newsletter
2915:Going Upriver: The Long War of John Kerry
2506:, New York University Press, 1999, p. 188
1436:
1257:- 1971 anti-Vietnam War road show for GIs
1108:Revolutionary Communist Party involvement
192:, though its members are not necessarily
2803:, and Vietnam Veterans Against the War.
2441:
2439:
2416:
1809:
1776:
1589:
1096:, a 2004 presidential candidate who was
1048:During a four-day series of meetings in
790:
753:
711:
458:
209:
4143:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence
2864:Doctoral thesis. Yale University. 1976.
2374:
2137:Currin Jr., Scovill Wannamaker (2015).
1907:
1573:Barry, Jan. "How VVAW Began" (page 3).
966:The War Is Over concert and peace rally
463:Vietnam Veterans Against the War Button
4514:
3403:Soviet influence on the peace movement
2807:. Macmillan Publishing Company: 1971.
2515:
2186:
2130:
2076:"C-SPAN Transcript of Kerry Testimony"
1969:New Your University Press, 1999, p. 61
1577:, August 3-5, 2007, Chicago, Illinois.
1542:"American Patriots Against John Kerry"
1043:
1038:
708:Vietnam Veteran Medal Throwing Protest
4283:Greenwich Village townhouse explosion
3999:
3590:World March for Peace and Nonviolence
3061:
2873:Chicago: VVAW National Office, n.d. .
2595:. New York: Guilford Press. pp.
2536:"VVAW Official Website – Court Order"
2436:
2404:Joan Baez - End of the war rally 1975
2262:Vol. 29, Number 1, Spring/Summer 1999
1812:"Veterans for Peace Simulate the War"
1615:
1613:
1585:
1583:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1309:A People's History of the Vietnam War
1304:
955:in Philadelphia (for 45 minutes) and
269:
4267:Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam
4214:Columbia University protests of 1968
3747:Third Party Non-violent Intervention
2877:
2766:
2528:
2424:"Scott Camil, oral history analysis"
2307:"End‐of‐War Rally Brings Out 50,000"
2191:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
2160:
2068:
1640:VVAW: Where We Came From, Who We Are
1546:American Patriots Against John Kerry
1513:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1360:
1358:
1153:eventually granted amnesty in 1980.
1149:resisters and dissenters. President
722:two short military invasions of Laos
2821:. New York University Press, 1998.
2648:The American Experience in Vietnam,
2274:14 April 2004, p. 1 – Josh Gerstein
2114:"Did Kerry Discard Vietnam Medals?"
2002:
1676:Marilyn B. Young, Robert Buzzanco;
1313:. New York: The New Press. p.
1271:Myth of the spat-on Vietnam veteran
406:Military Assistance Command Vietnam
296:The same year, 24-year-old veteran
231:Spring Mobilization to End the War.
37:Military Assistance Command Vietnam
13:
4420:Movement for a Democratic Military
4090:1965 March against the Vietnam War
3972:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir
3869:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
3157:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
2957:History of the U.S. War in Vietnam
2896:. Directed by Frank Cavestani and
2867:Vietnam Veterans Against the War,
2701:
2305:Montgomery, Paul L. (1975-05-12).
1654:by Luke Stewart, November 14, 2016
1638:Vietnam Veterans Against the War,
1610:
1590:Cottrell, Robert C. (2020-08-08).
1580:
1558:
1455:vol. 10, no. 1 (July 1971), p. 14.
935:, an attorney who represented the
426:
153:' organization that campaigns for
14:
4568:
4522:Organizations established in 1967
4440:Students for a Democratic Society
3464:International Day of Non-Violence
3122:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
2939:
2730:University of Massachusetts Press
1494:
1458:
1355:
970:On May 11, 1975, the VVAW staged
911:. They invoked the spirit of the
639:and Vietnam Vets Joe Kennedy and
4552:American veterans' organizations
4460:Vietnam Veterans Against the War
4062:Draft evasion in the Vietnam War
3874:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
2619:Nicosia, Home to War, pp. 490–92
2226:Mary Susannah Robbins, pp. 78–90
1779:"WAR PROTESTERS MEET OPPOSITION"
1728:Twayne Publishers, 1997; p. 253.
1715:New York: Penguin, 2004; p. 395.
1575:40 Years Anniversary Celebration
890:
545:
525:
510:
128:Vietnam Veterans Against the War
35:; a response to the logo of the
31:Insignia designed by co-founder
20:Vietnam Veterans Against the War
4455:United States Servicemen's Fund
3247:Social Democratic Party (Japan)
2674:
2665:
2653:
2634:
2622:
2613:
2573:
2561:
2548:
2509:
2464:
2395:
2368:
2352:
2331:
2298:
2277:
2265:
2253:
2241:
2236:Lexington Minute-Man Newspaper,
2229:
2217:
2205:
2187:Lemire, Elise (16 April 2021).
2180:
2145:
2106:
2093:
2056:
2027:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1928:
1908:Bangert, Joseph (Spring 2020).
1901:
1889:
1878:from the original on 2023-06-30
1860:
1836:
1810:Sullivan, Ronald (1970-09-05).
1803:
1777:Sullivan, Ronald (1970-09-06).
1770:
1757:
1744:
1731:
1718:
1705:
1696:
1683:
1678:A Companion to the Vietnam War;
1670:
1657:
1645:
1622:Found, Featured, then Forgotten
1534:
1160:and the effects of exposure to
917:Battle of Lexington and Concord
885:Walter Reed Army Medical Center
833:"Vets Overrule Supreme Court".
469:Federal Bureau of Investigation
205:
16:American nonprofit organization
4257:Weather High School Jailbreaks
4219:Court-martial of Susan Schnall
3167:List of pacifist organisations
2570:Gerald Nicosia, pp. 59, 162–65
2375:Everett, Walter (2023-05-04).
1999:, Marilyn B. Young, pp. 257–59
1752:Dictionary of the Vietnam War;
1427:
1403:
1382:
1331:
1158:post-traumatic stress disorder
1:
4501:Vietnam stab-in-the-back myth
2481:. Texas Tech University. 2005
2381:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
1982:Dictionary of the Vietnam War
1118:Revolutionary Communist Party
943:Statue of Liberty occupations
541:Notable VVAW-sponsored events
484:By 1972, negotiations at the
4329:Winter Soldier Investigation
4149:Court-martial of Howard Levy
3573:World Peace Bell Association
3474:Dialogue Among Civilizations
3177:New Socialist Party of Japan
3162:Iraq War resisters in Canada
3127:Coalition of Women for Peace
2990:Lexington Historical Society
2053:, Gerald Nicosia, pp. 118–43
1596:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1514:Hunt, Andrew E. (May 2001).
1292:
879:Walter Reed Memorial Service
653:Winter Soldier Investigation
647:Winter Soldier investigation
7:
4486:Counterculture of the 1960s
4385:Concerned Officers Movement
4206:The whole world is watching
3741:The whole world is watching
3509:Peace & Love (festival)
3459:Imagine Piano Peace Project
1956:Nicosia; Home to War; p. 89
1910:"Memories of Operation RAW"
1848:cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org
1642:, accessed August 15, 2007.
1250:Concerned Officers Movement
1243:
1208:Vietnam Veterans of America
1137:Post-Vietnam War activities
1052:, on November 12–15, 1971,
806:search and destroy missions
738:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
734:Arlington National Cemetery
437:decision to invade Cambodia
279:
188:and has roots in the 1960s
10:
4573:
4557:Resistance Inside the Army
4430:Pacific Counseling Service
4173:The Ultimate Confrontation
4111:political self-immolations
3864:2011 intervention in Libya
3484:List of places named Peace
3469:International Day of Peace
3187:Peace and conflict studies
3107:Anti-nuclear organizations
2631:Gerald Nicosia, pp. 490–92
2583:; McFarlane, Alexander C;
1997:The Vietnam Wars 1945–1990
1896:The Philadelphia Inquirer,
1229:Born on the Fourth of July
705:
650:
200:
4478:
4365:
4321:
4275:
4232:
4192:
4129:
4085:Edmonton aircraft bombing
4077:
4044:
4033:
3980:
3909:
3774:
3598:
3499:Nobel Peace Prize Concert
3494:Mother's Day Proclamation
3444:Dances of Universal Peace
3421:
3275:
3257:The Women's Peace Crusade
3099:
3000:My Lai Peace Park Project
2778:New York University Press
2650:ed. Grace Sevy, pp. 64–70
1984:, James Olson, pp. 475–76
1226:wrote his autobiography,
115:
91:
83:
51:
43:
24:
3760:Violence begets violence
3693:Non-aggression principle
3563:The Non-Violence Project
3543:Promoting Enduring Peace
3526:Promoting Enduring Peace
3182:Pacifist Socialist Party
2850:Crown Publishers: 2001.
2250:, 27 December 1971, p. 1
2036:, Gerald Nicosia, p. 111
1305:Neale, Jonathan (2003).
928:Lexington, Massachusetts
177:(1971–1972) and then as
106:United States of America
4532:Anti–Vietnam War groups
4052:1960s Berkeley protests
3854:Military action in Iran
3489:Monuments and memorials
3439:Concert Yutel for Peace
3242:React, Include, Recycle
3172:List of peace activists
3137:Conscientious objectors
2711:Haymarket Books: 2006.
736:gate, just beneath the
569:Valley Forge State Park
225:On April 15, 1967, the
139:non-profit organization
4303:Student strike of 1970
3775:Opposition to specific
3730:Swords to ploughshares
3724:Soldiers are murderers
3117:Anti-war organizations
2860:Retzer, Joseph David.
2581:van der Kolk, Bessel A
1090:
1058:United States Congress
905:Concord, Massachusetts
800:
759:
752:
717:
565:Morristown, New Jersey
560:
557:Solebury, Pennsylvania
464:
421:G.I. Underground Press
371:
243:Martin Luther King Jr.
215:
167:United States military
4340:Clay v. United States
4334:1971 May Day protests
4313:Sterling Hall bombing
4159:March on the Pentagon
3777:wars or their aspects
3698:Nonviolent resistance
3548:Show of Peace Concert
3313:Anti-nuclear movement
2894:Operation Last Patrol
2732:: 2nd edition, 1995.
2260:The Veteran Magazine,
2065:, 22 April 1971, p. 1
2063:Washington Daily News
1085:
1050:Kansas City, Missouri
957:Travis Air Force Base
921:Battle of Bunker Hill
794:
757:
742:
725:than earlier events.
715:
706:Further information:
550:
462:
366:
322:Sunday Times Magazine
213:
190:civil rights movement
149:. VVAW is a national
120:https://www.vvaw.org/
4405:GI's Against Fascism
4293:Kent State shootings
3859:Sri Lankan Civil War
3753:Turn the other cheek
3568:University for Peace
3479:List of peace prizes
2836:.' Penn Press, 2021
991:Performers included
441:Kent State shootings
433:Nixon administration
362:Congressional Record
272:Jan Barry Crumb), a
233:The march went from
4465:Weather Underground
4435:Stop Our Ship (SOS)
4107:Roger Allen LaPorte
4057:Central Park be-ins
3901:Nuclear disarmament
3884:in Russian Far East
3641:Department of Peace
3626:Counter-recruitment
3621:Conflict resolution
3611:Central Park be-ins
3599:Slogans and tactics
3578:Japanese Peace Bell
3368:Non-interventionism
3363:Modern-war pacifism
3301:Christian anarchism
2709:Soldiers in Revolt.
2214:– Documentary, 2001
1898:8 Sept. 1970, p. 33
1737:Spencer C. Tucker,
1724:Richard Stacewicz,
1711:Christian G. Appy,
1266:GIs Against Fascism
1044:Kansas City meeting
1039:Extremist Influence
913:American Revolution
298:Carl Douglas Rogers
220:Spring Mobilization
184:VVAW identifies as
77:Frank "Rocky" Rocks
21:
4380:Chicano Moratorium
4288:Free The Army tour
4067:Draft-card burning
3795:American Civil War
3687:Make love, not war
3661:Economic sanctions
3616:Civil disobedience
3449:Festival for Peace
3422:Media and cultural
3408:Testimony of peace
3328:Christian pacifism
3005:2008-05-09 at the
2751:2013-01-11 at the
2707:Cortright, David.
2641:Long Time Passing,
2361:, May 11, 1975 by
2311:The New York Times
1816:The New York Times
1783:The New York Times
1286:The Spitting Image
1098:Secretary of State
1083:Camil later said:
981:The New York Times
801:
760:
718:
669:search and destroy
661:Detroit Free Press
589:Whitehouse Station
573:search and destroy
465:
410:Veterans for Peace
350:The New York Times
318:The New York Times
255:Dr. Benjamin Spock
216:
19:
4509:
4508:
4491:Anti-war movement
4410:G.I. coffeehouses
4361:
4360:
3993:
3992:
3896:Military taxation
3766:War tax resisters
3333:Deterrence theory
3112:Anti-war movement
2878:Documentary films
2846:Nicosia, Gerald.
2832:Lemire, Elise. '
2787:978-0-8147-3635-7
2738:978-0-87023-958-8
2717:978-1-931859-27-1
2606:978-1-5723-0088-0
2388:978-1-5013-4597-5
1603:978-1-5381-1293-9
1527:978-0-8147-3635-7
1343:www.docsteach.org
1170:Robert Jay Lifton
949:Statue of Liberty
730:Gold Star Mothers
637:Donald Sutherland
617:Allard Lowenstein
593:guerrilla theater
486:Paris peace talks
134:) is an American
125:
124:
4564:
4496:Protests of 1968
4390:Donald W. Duncan
4099:Donald W. Duncan
4042:
4041:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3997:
3996:
3820:list of protests
3681:Lesson of Munich
3636:Demilitarisation
3514:Peace journalism
3308:Anti-imperialism
3291:Anarcho-pacifism
3227:Peace psychology
3207:Peace conference
3202:Peace commission
3147:Culture of Peace
3082:
3075:
3068:
3059:
3058:
3018:, June 17, 2011
2953:Rev. Jackson Day
2951:Dewey Canyon III
2817:Lembcke, Jerry.
2797:
2795:
2794:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2594:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2554:Andrew E. Hunt.
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2513:
2507:
2502:Andrew E. Hunt.
2500:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2476:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2449:. Archived from
2443:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2372:
2366:
2363:Allan Tannenbaum
2356:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2164:
2158:
2155:The New Soldier;
2149:
2143:
2142:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2110:
2104:
2099:Gerald Nicosia;
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2078:. Archived from
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2012:. Archived from
2006:
2000:
1994:
1985:
1979:
1970:
1965:Andrew E. Hunt;
1963:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1934:Gerald Nicosia,
1932:
1926:
1925:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1774:
1768:
1763:Andrew E. Hunt;
1761:
1755:
1748:
1742:
1735:
1729:
1722:
1716:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1694:
1689:Andrew E. Hunt;
1687:
1681:
1674:
1668:
1663:Gerald Nicosia;
1661:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1636:
1627:
1619:Harmon, Mark D.
1617:
1608:
1607:
1587:
1578:
1571:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1511:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1475:
1456:
1449:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1407:
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899:. Over the 1971
777:Shirley Chisholm
696:documentary film
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858:Charles Colson
852:memos between
810:Claiborne Pell
765:Pete McCloskey
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2827:9780814751473
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2820:
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2813:0-02-073610-X
2810:
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2799:
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2765:
2762:
2761:0-912424-08-7
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2687:
2683:
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2656:
2649:
2646:excerpted in
2645:
2642:
2637:
2630:
2625:
2616:
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2602:
2598:
2593:
2592:
2586:
2585:Weisæth, Lars
2582:
2576:
2569:
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2557:
2551:
2537:
2531:
2523:
2517:
2512:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2480:
2473:
2467:
2453:on 2004-03-14
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2272:New York Sun,
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2115:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2082:on 2007-04-28
2081:
2077:
2071:
2064:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2035:
2030:
2016:on 2007-03-11
2015:
2011:
2005:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1983:
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1750:James Olson;
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1520:. NYU Press.
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1324:1-56584-807-1
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1067:
1063:
1059:
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1051:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Richie Havens
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
987:
983:
982:
977:
973:
963:
960:
958:
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940:
938:
934:
929:
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922:
918:
914:
910:
909:Boston Common
906:
902:
898:
897:North Vietnam
891:Operation POW
888:
886:
876:
874:
870:
869:Mark Hatfield
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
842:
840:
834:
831:
827:
822:
819:
818:Warren Burger
815:
811:
807:
799:in April 1971
798:
793:
789:
786:
782:
781:Edmund Muskie
778:
774:
770:
766:
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681:
680:Mark Hatfield
677:
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663:
662:
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634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:Edmund Muskie
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:Bernardsville
574:
570:
566:
559:
558:
553:
546:Operation RAW
534:
528:
523:
519:
513:
508:
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503:
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492:
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444:
442:
438:
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424:
422:
417:
415:
414:Donald Duncan
411:
407:
402:
400:
399:war resisters
396:
392:
388:
382:
380:
379:Richard Nixon
375:
370:
365:
363:
359:
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352:
351:
345:
343:
342:New York City
338:
336:
335:
330:
329:
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323:
319:
314:
313:
312:New York Post
308:
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182:
181:(1973–1975).
180:
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129:
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100:New York City
97:
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90:
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64:
61:
59:
56:
55:
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50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
28:
23:
4459:
4450:The Newsreel
4350:
4338:
4262:Days of Rage
4239:
4181:Nhat Chi Mai
4171:
4165:Flower Power
4164:
3810:World War II
3666:Flower power
3518:
3358:Isolationism
3232:Peace treaty
3031:Sir! No Sir!
3030:
3024:The Rag Blog
3023:
2968:
2933:David Zeiger
2928:Sir! No Sir!
2926:
2913:
2906:Still At War
2904:
2893:
2884:
2869:
2861:
2847:
2804:
2791:. Retrieved
2772:
2744:
2726:
2723:W.D. Ehrhart
2708:
2689:. Retrieved
2686:www.vvaw.org
2685:
2676:
2667:
2659:
2655:
2647:
2640:
2636:
2628:
2624:
2615:
2590:
2575:
2567:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2539:. Retrieved
2530:
2511:
2503:
2483:. Retrieved
2478:
2466:
2455:. Retrieved
2451:the original
2427:. Retrieved
2418:
2408:, retrieved
2403:
2397:
2377:
2370:
2354:
2344:, retrieved
2339:
2333:
2322:. Retrieved
2310:
2300:
2290:, retrieved
2285:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2238:23 May 1991.
2235:
2231:
2223:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2188:
2182:
2171:. Retrieved
2162:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2132:
2121:. Retrieved
2117:
2108:
2100:
2095:
2084:. Retrieved
2080:the original
2070:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2033:
2029:
2018:. Retrieved
2014:the original
2004:
1996:
1981:
1966:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1935:
1930:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1880:. Retrieved
1871:
1862:
1851:. Retrieved
1847:
1838:
1827:. Retrieved
1815:
1805:
1794:. Retrieved
1782:
1772:
1764:
1759:
1751:
1746:
1738:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1712:
1707:
1698:
1690:
1685:
1677:
1672:
1664:
1659:
1647:
1620:
1592:
1549:. Retrieved
1545:
1536:
1516:
1485:. Retrieved
1482:www.vvaw.org
1481:
1452:
1429:
1418:. Retrieved
1414:
1405:
1395:, retrieved
1390:
1384:
1373:. Retrieved
1370:www.vvaw.org
1369:
1346:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1308:
1300:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1216:Bobby Muller
1213:
1204:
1196:Dow Chemical
1193:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1166:
1162:Agent Orange
1155:
1151:Jimmy Carter
1140:
1131:
1126:
1123:
1116:'s militant
1111:
1102:Barack Obama
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:John Stennis
1047:
1025:Peter Yarrow
990:
979:
976:Sheep Meadow
971:
969:
961:
946:
925:
901:Memorial Day
894:
882:
872:
862:
846:U.S. Capitol
843:
835:
826:The Pentagon
823:
805:
802:
761:
743:
727:
719:
683:
673:
666:
659:
656:
613:Paul O'Dwyer
609:John Conyers
562:
554:
551:
499:
483:
480:
472:
466:
447:
445:
430:
418:
403:
391:Agent Orange
383:
376:
372:
367:
354:
348:
346:
339:
333:
326:
316:
310:
302:Cam Ranh Bay
295:
283:
259:
235:Central Park
230:
224:
219:
217:
206:March origin
183:
178:
175:1st Casualty
174:
170:
131:
127:
126:
74:Steve Greene
44:Abbreviation
4121:Human Be-In
4078:Before 1967
3957:Switzerland
3942:Netherlands
3815:Vietnam War
3805:World War I
3676:Human Be-In
3413:World peace
3378:Nonviolence
3343:Finvenkismo
3323:Appeasement
3237:Peaceworker
2801:Kerry, John
2742:Fink, Bob.
2516:Elbaum 2002
1114:Bob Avakian
1054:Scott Camil
1013:Patti Smith
1001:Pete Seeger
850:White House
830:Ted Kennedy
814:Philip Hart
773:Don Edwards
769:Bella Abzug
625:James Bevel
621:Bella Absug
307:Andrew Hunt
262:Vietnam War
251:James Bevel
171:The Veteran
143:corporation
68:John Talbot
65:David Braum
4516:Categories
4366:People and
4095:Alice Herz
4037:and events
3922:Costa Rica
3708:Peace walk
3520:Peace News
3398:Satyagraha
3383:Pacificism
3373:Nonkilling
3287:Anarchism
3276:Ideologies
3192:Peace camp
2979:Blood Debt
2842:0812252977
2793:2011-06-29
2691:2023-11-09
2541:2007-03-22
2457:2007-07-18
2429:2006-03-11
2410:2023-11-06
2346:2023-11-06
2324:2023-11-06
2292:2023-11-06
2173:2007-03-20
2123:2021-08-19
2086:2007-03-20
2020:2007-03-20
1882:2023-06-30
1853:2023-11-07
1829:2023-06-30
1796:2023-06-30
1551:2023-11-08
1487:2023-11-06
1420:2023-11-09
1397:2023-11-09
1375:2023-11-06
1348:2023-11-06
1220:John Kerry
1094:John Kerry
1070:John Tower
1009:Paul Simon
1005:Tom Paxton
839:John Kerry
797:John Kerry
785:Ogden Reid
676:Jane Fonda
641:John Kerry
629:Jane Fonda
500:Historian
291:Al Hubbard
274:West Point
161:, and the
136:tax-exempt
84:Founded at
3910:Countries
3891:Landmines
3879:in Russia
3837:Criticism
3646:Desertion
3132:Code Pink
2485:6 January
2319:0362-4331
2157:pp. 28–31
1920:(1): 10.
1824:0362-4331
1791:0362-4331
1667:pp. 49–50
1453:Ramparts,
1293:Footnotes
1224:Ron Kovic
997:Joan Baez
993:Phil Ochs
863:Senators
854:John Dean
821:history.
633:Mark Lane
585:Lamington
581:Far Hills
495:deserters
287:Ron Kovic
266:Jan Barry
194:pacifists
71:Art Blank
58:Jan Barry
33:Jan Barry
4346:FTA Show
4035:Protests
3985:Category
3842:Protests
3832:Iraq War
3735:Teach-in
3388:Pacifism
3089:Anti-war
3003:Archived
2770:(2001).
2749:Archived
2587:(1996).
2118:ABC News
1922:Archived
1876:Archived
1626:page 42.
1255:FTA Show
1244:See also
1200:Monsanto
1172:and Dr.
986:beatniks
931:Garage.
919:and the
474:Ramparts
439:and the
358:McNamara
280:Founding
186:anti-war
151:veterans
92:Location
4479:Related
4470:Yippies
4045:General
3927:Germany
3558:Symbols
3504:Museums
2925:2005 –
2912:2004 –
2903:1976 -
2892:1973 –
2883:1972 –
1741:p. 789.
1143:amnesty
728:Led by
623:, Rev.
607:, Rep.
395:amnesty
328:Redbook
237:to the
222:march.
201:History
165:of all
159:justice
116:Website
52:Founder
4247:Bed-in
3932:Israel
3917:Canada
3656:Die-in
3606:Bed-in
3353:Hippie
3283:Ahimsa
2854:
2840:
2825:
2811:
2784:
2759:
2736:
2715:
2603:
2385:
2317:
2195:
1822:
1789:
1767:p. 197
1754:p. 476
1680:p. 407
1600:
1524:
1321:
1076:, and
747:My Lai
331:, and
270:a.k.a.
253:, and
163:rights
4167:photo
4109:1965
3952:Sudan
3947:Spain
3937:Japan
3553:Songs
3538:Plays
3454:Films
3434:Books
3393:Peace
3252:Unity
2599:–62.
2475:(PDF)
1693:p. 57
1147:draft
567:, to
155:peace
4322:1971
4276:1970
4233:1969
4193:1968
4130:1967
3091:and
2974:IMDb
2852:ISBN
2838:ISBN
2823:ISBN
2809:ISBN
2782:ISBN
2757:ISBN
2734:ISBN
2713:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2522:help
2487:2015
2383:ISBN
2315:ISSN
2193:ISBN
1820:ISSN
1787:ISSN
1598:ISBN
1522:ISBN
1319:ISBN
1198:and
1145:for
1033:WBAI
1023:and
988:).
867:and
856:and
812:and
783:and
690:16mm
688:, a
658:the
611:and
603:and
587:and
493:and
412:and
397:for
141:and
132:VVAW
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3429:Art
2972:at
2755:,
1315:155
1066:CIA
1035:.
533:FBI
518:FBI
435:'s
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334:Eye
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4101:,
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3789:US
3787:;
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2684:.
2597:61
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