386:, who had been appointed in May 1836 as contractor for working the company's trains. Under this arrangement, the company would provide locomotives to Bury's specification while he would maintain them in good repair and convey passengers and goods at a rate per person, per ton and per mile, at a speed not exceeding 22.5 mph (36.2 km/h). Seven manufacturers, including Bury's firm, supplied the original stock of engines. Because of the unforeseen demand for increased speed, this contract for working the line was annulled in July 1839; thereafter Bury was employed as the manager of the locomotive department on a salary, with a profits bonus.
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Bloomer type of 1851, which was closely based on a Bury design. A total of seventy-four were built in three classes between 1851 and 1862, similar in design and layout but different in dimensions. In 1861 the cost-conscious
Richard Moon was appointed Chairman of the LNWR, and became very critical of
344:
As of 2013, the facility is much reduced: a full-scale train maintenance, repairs and refurbishment works is operated at the western end of the site, the central area is derelict but slated for redevelopment, the eastern end is a Tesco store with canal-side housing development at the extreme eastern
370:
included a clause that specified that a railway works be built around the mid-point, as it was considered scientifically unsafe at the time for railway locomotives to move more than 50 miles (80 km) without further inspection. After surveying all possible sites, Wolverton was chosen due to its
505:
Having retained its maintenance role, in 1865 Wolverton was designated as the LNWR Carriage Works, eventually becoming the largest carriage works in the UK. Initially
Wolverton produced numbers of 27 feet 6 inches (8.38 m) six-wheel carriages on a rigid wheelbase. In 1873, a sleeper
529:
for the Irish Mail were of this form, and in 1889 some of the first-class twins were adapted to become the LNWR's first dining cars. In 1883, 44 feet (13 m) sleeping cars were introduced on the
Glasgow service, but even though bogies had come into use on other railways, the LNWR preferred to
394:
At first, the works was used for the maintenance and repair of locomotives purchased from outside firms. Two locomotives were built there in 1845 and 1846, and another in 1848, but following enlargement of the buildings and increased facilities, they were turned out in quantity. In total, 166
541:
with six-wheeled bogies. This was first and third class only, although second class remained for many other services until 1911. In 1892, the non-automatic brake finally disappeared and in 1896 Stone's patent electric train lighting was introduced, along with communication cords.
421:
as locomotive superintendent of the LNWR Southern
Division. An innovative engineer who during his tenure experimented with hollow axles, rubber springs, brakes working on the rails, and elaborate boilers and fireboxes, but perhaps his greatest claim to fame is the
727:
plc, a property development group. Although much of the original works site has been redeveloped and further redevelopment is planned for most of the remainder, the western end remains in use for railway carriage maintenance and this use continues.
605:. In 1962, the works was downgraded to a repair facility, with the last new vehicle being completed in 1963. By 1964, the workforce had dropped from 4,000 to 2,000, but the works had picked up new work through the repair and maintenance of the
550:
In 1901, Wolverton was the first railway works to use electricity for lighting and driving machinery throughout. All coaches for principal services now included corridor connections and were mounted on bogies instead of radial trucks.
558:, the works altered carriages to be used as ambulance trains both within the UK and overseas. Part of the works was also turned over for use by the Ministry of Munitions. In 1923 when the LNWR merged into the
577:
suffered the destruction of some housing and the loss of five lives due to aerial bombing. The works itself ceased all railway-associated work, instead using its vast engineering and wood working to produce
430:
In 1862, Moon drove through a policy that Crewe would become the sole locomotive manufacturing centre for the LNWR, and so the last of the 166 Wolverton-built locomotives left the works in
September 1863.
573:, as a major manufacturing facility, the works was camouflaged, with the exterior walls still showing signs of green paint. No Luftwaffe bombs landed on Wolverton, although nearby
731:
The eastern end of the original works site has become a canal-side housing development, most as "new build" and some as repurposed historic buildings. The central area is now a
2406:
337:: the tram cars were certainly the largest ever in the UK and possibly the world. In modern times, Wolverton railway works remains notable as the home of the
869:
762:, but this is purely a road distribution centre and there are no rail links to the warehouses, although the access line to the rail works is close by.
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2320:
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The carriage maintenance works consolidated its operations in the western end of the site. In July 2013, the then operators, Railcare, entered
656:'s 1869 saloon, comprising two six-wheelers joined by the first bellows gangway in Europe; the carriage is now part of the collection of the
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2601:
375:, thereby also enabling the railway company to gain an easy agreement to build a viaduct over the canal company's land at this point.
91:
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63:
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723:. Wolverton Works is now operated by Gemini Rail Services UK Limited (a division of Mutares), although the site is owned by the
70:
2197:
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1256:
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Iron works. It is a rare survival since most similar bridges were removed at the end of the
Victorian era. The more imposing
326:
739:
supermarket. The Tesco frontage has been built to resemble the original buildings; the community centre occupies the former
628:
split into two new groups, with
Wolverton becoming part of the new BR Maintenance Group, which again reduced staff to 850.
559:
1939:
1932:
825:
to the north of the old station yard is one of the most impressive viaducts on the line, and was built in 1838 across the
77:
719:. The company operated as KnorrBremse RailServices (UK) Limited, until 9 November 2018, when the business was bought by
2442:
1383:
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855:
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514:. The carriages for these were again three-axle, limited it is said, to 32 feet (9.8 m) by the traverser in the
492:
330:
110:
474:
59:
2103:
665:
625:
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303:
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and a charity bookshop occupies the former LNWR firestation. Other artefacts of its cultural heritage are held at
597:
It continued its carriage and work construction work after the war, including making large numbers of the all-new
1743:
1426:
1243:
913:
2587:
2583:"Railcare. Vehicle and Component overhaul, Incident Repair and Spares and Logistics. Based at Wolverton Works."
470:
48:
2187:
1693:
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1161:
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McConnell; after the Board passed a motion of censure on him, McConnell was obliged to resign in March 1862.
367:
291:
248:
1700:
1661:
1218:
1058:
887:
798:
779:
190:
2262:
Locomotives of the LNWR Southern
Division – London & Birmingham Railway and Wolverton Locomotive Works
2373:
1066:
977:
834:
587:
518:
carriage sheds. This remained the pattern for many years, though some used Webb's patent "radial truck".
612:. Although no new general service carriages were built, twenty four vehicles were built in 1977 for the
418:
2192:
1885:
1497:
563:
283:
84:
1547:
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598:
459:
37:
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2126:
1987:
609:
606:
515:
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The most recent Royal train was fitted out at
Wolverton in 1977. It comprises eight prototype
562:(LMS), wagon building was introduced. From 1926, the works was supplied with electricity from
2411:
990:
724:
362:
Old
Wolverton railway works with Stephenson bridge, adjoins and crosses the Grand Union Canal
18:
Railway carriage construction and maintenance facility in Wolverton, Milton Keynes in England
132:
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704:
617:
294:
Company in 1838 at the midpoint of the 112-mile-long (180-kilometre) route from London to
8:
2407:"Historic Wolverton Works to be saved from demolition in Milton Keynes, say rail experts"
751:
676:
649:
637:
338:
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2550:. Vol. 159, no. 1345. Horncastle: Mortons Media Group. May 2013. p. 10.
399:
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wings and converted some seven hundred commercial motor vans into armoured vehicles.
372:
299:
138:
2598:. See pages 38 to 43 for a contemporary account of the early years of the new Works.
683:, refurbished with two Royal Saloons. The Royal Train is operated and maintained by
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602:
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759:
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This configuration remained in use until 1893, when Charles Park built a rake of
322:
318:
137:
View northward ca. 1954, outside the Carriage Works. The locomotives are ex-LNWR
2264:. Locomotives of the LMSR (series). Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
1968:
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591:
579:
534:
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valley. There were many problems encountered during construction, especially
680:
310:
212:
199:
173:
2538:
2530:
2279:
1959:
708:
707:, with immediate redundancy for many of the 225 workforce. In August 2013,
692:
691:
service depot. Ownership and management of the Royal Train Service is with
688:
574:
570:
526:
395:
locomotives were built at Wolverton. These included three varieties of the
314:
317:
were built to house the workers and service the works. The older towns of
837:. They can still be seen just south of the viaduct and were portrayed by
684:
648:
Wolverton has a long history associated with providing carriages for the
621:
555:
379:
282:, known locally as Wolverton Works or just The Works, was established in
263:
2387:
740:
613:
295:
2612:
Photographic Tour of the derelict sections of Wolverton Carriage Works
841:
in his description of the railway published just after it had opened.
814:
716:
538:
383:
169:
2476:
The Full Works: Celebrating the 175th anniversary of Wolverton Works
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26:
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271:
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183:
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333:(a branch line), respectively. The trams were also hauled by
2582:
736:
661:
2578:"Women In Wolverton Coach Works" – Living Archive project
2353:
slightly injured. Occurred between 19th and 21st October.
2333:
St Giles Street and St James Street New Bradwell ... 3
413:
In 1846, the London and Birmingham became part of the
371:
co-location alongside the wharfing facilities of the
341:
but otherwise is very much reduced from its heyday.
2438:"RAILWAY BRIDGE (171C) GRAND UNION CANAL (1246107)"
2432:
417:(LNWR); Bury resigned in 1847 and was succeeded by
325:grew substantially too, being joined to it by the
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2388:"Railcare jobs to go in Glasgow and Milton Keynes"
2618:
2469:The Railway Workshops of Great Britain 1823–1986
2295:"Bombs Over Bucks - 75th Anniversary 1940 -1945"
2114:
1978:
1954:
1927:
1599:
1372:
1252:
1081:
1054:
965:
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848:
378:The actual site was selected in October 1836 by
664:. Further Royal coaches were built in 1903 for
525:sets with an interconnecting gangway. The 1881
1042:
1034:
754:beside the West Coast Main Line is used as an
521:The 1880s saw the introduction of first-class
2497:The Trainmakers: the Story of Wolverton Works
1780:
1772:
1765:
1130:
1123:
863:
382:, an engineer and locomotive manufacturer of
2546:"Wolverton 175 celebrations get under way".
2013:
2005:
2049:
2041:
711:purchased Railcare, including the sites in
473:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2255:
2253:
2251:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
870:
856:
2652:Buildings and structures in Milton Keynes
493:Learn how and when to remove this message
366:The 1833 Act of Parliament approving the
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
2370:Official Website of the British Monarchy
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1907:
2619:
2483:The London & North Western Railway
2404:
2323:. Buckinghmshire Council. 11 June 2021
1733:
1725:
735:supermarket, a community centre and a
2198:Wolverton and Stony Stratford Tramway
813:. The bridge is composed of numerous
805:was built in 1834-5 (chief engineer,
327:Wolverton and Stony Stratford Tramway
141:2F 0-6-0 saddle-tanks, Carriage Dept.
2510:
2259:
1875:
1867:
1522:
879:Stations in and around Milton Keynes
770:
601:carriage, until the intervention of
560:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
471:adding citations to reliable sources
438:
402:, 86 of the Wolverton Express Goods
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
2647:Grade II* listed bridges in England
2513:Wolverton works in camera 1838-1993
2467:Larkin, E.J., Larkin, J.G. (1988).
1196:
1141:
586:airborne assault. It also repaired
389:
302:following the great success of the
13:
2627:Railway workshops in Great Britain
2461:
2443:National Heritage List for England
1857:
1849:
1361:
1278:
530:simply add an extra radial truck.
14:
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2571:
2405:Murrer, Sally (2 November 2020).
1513:
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1292:
434:
331:Wolverton to Newport Pagnell Line
2632:London and North Western Railway
2485:. Atlantic Transport Publishers.
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687:and stored within the remaining
626:British Rail Engineering Limited
443:
415:London and North Western Railway
304:Liverpool and Manchester Railway
131:
25:
2490:The Railway in Town and Country
1898:
1810:
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1018:
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510:, and in 1875 to Liverpool and
275:Train workshop, Wolverton works
36:needs additional citations for
2602:Listed structures in Wolverton
2426:
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2057:
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1716:
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1403:
1347:
1185:
954:
947:
679:coaches built in 1972 for the
631:
1:
2478:. Cleek Railway Publications.
2203:
2188:London and Birmingham Railway
1756:
1581:
1538:
1506:
1481:
1234:
368:London and Birmingham Railway
353:
292:London and Birmingham Railway
249:London and Birmingham Railway
2608: (archived 24 July 2008)
1709:
1531:
1227:
999:
298:. The line was developed by
7:
1684:
1677:
1652:
1474:
1410:
1354:
1327:
1285:
844:
782:made from cast iron girders
765:
313:new towns of Wolverton and
10:
2668:
817:girders, many made by the
641:
635:
506:service was introduced to
348:
2193:Wolverton railway station
2160:
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1951:
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1213:
1169:
1158:
1078:
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622:Northern Ireland Railways
564:Northampton Power Station
259:
254:
244:
236:
228:
189:
179:
165:
157:
152:
148:
130:
125:
60:"Wolverton railway works"
2637:History of Milton Keynes
1093:Midland Junction Railway
1059:Bedford–Northampton line
1086:Stratford-upon-Avon and
750:The site of the former
658:National Railway Museum
610:electric multiple units
599:British Railways Mark 1
280:Wolverton railway works
255:Design and construction
126:Wolverton Railway Works
2492:. David & Charles.
2337:houses demolished, 165
794:
783:
607:British Rail Class 304
406:and four varieties of
363:
276:
2412:Milton Keynes Citizen
1669:Milton Keynes Central
809:) and is a grade II*
797:The original bridge,
789:
778:
725:St. Modwen Properties
652:. The works produced
618:diesel multiple units
537:for the expresses to
361:
274:
2548:The Railway Magazine
2488:Simmons, J. (1986).
2474:Marsh, Phil (2013).
2260:Jack, Harry (2001).
2235:Milton Keynes Museum
2119:West Coast Main Line
1940:high-level platforms
906:West Coast Main Line
745:Milton Keynes Museum
624:. In February 1986,
467:improve this section
229:Construction started
45:improve this article
2511:West, Bill (1993).
2499:. Barracuda Books.
2495:West, Bill (1982).
2481:Reed, M.C. (1996).
2321:"Bombs over Bucks!"
1257:Wolverton and Stony
677:British Rail Mark 3
650:British Royal Train
638:British Royal Train
569:At the outbreak of
339:British Royal Train
209: /
153:General information
2471:. Macmillan Press.
795:
784:
670:Queen Elizabeth II
668:, and in 1961 for
419:James E. McConnell
400:LNWR Bloomer Class
364:
277:
2596:Project Gutenberg
2592:by Samuel Sidney"
2590:Rides on Railways
2341:houses damaged, 5
2231:"Wolverton Works"
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2132:
2131:
2068:Bletchley Flyover
1993:
1992:
1974:
1973:
1945:
1944:
1617:
1616:
1612:Marston Vale line
1389:
1388:
1377:Wolverton–Newport
1269:
1268:
1264:Stratford Tramway
1173:Hanslope Junction
1098:
1097:
1072:
1071:
983:
982:
919:
918:
839:John Cooke Bourne
823:Wolverton Viaduct
819:Butterley Company
807:Robert Stephenson
803:Grand Union canal
792:Wolverton Viaduct
780:Stephenson bridge
771:Listed structures
752:marshalling yards
616:, and twenty one
503:
502:
495:
373:Grand Union Canal
335:steam locomotives
300:Robert Stephenson
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2434:Historic England
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2394:. 2 August 2013.
2384:
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2376:on 6 March 2016.
2372:. Archived from
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2104:Leighton Buzzard
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833:on the adjacent
681:High Speed Train
644:Royal Train Shed
603:Richard Beeching
535:corridor coaches
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478:
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452:This section
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62: –
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56:Find sources:
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34:This article
32:
28:
23:
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16:
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2447:. Retrieved
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2416:. Retrieved
2410:
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2382:
2374:the original
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2325:. Retrieved
2315:
2303:. Retrieved
2301:. 1 May 2019
2298:
2289:
2261:
2238:. Retrieved
2066:
1960:Varsity Line
1701:Denbigh Hall
1662:Woburn Sands
1619:
1384:Pagnell line
1313:Deanshanger
1302:
1219:Castlethorpe
1171:
796:
790:Landslip on
749:
730:
709:Knorr-Bremse
702:
699:21st century
693:Network Rail
689:Knorr Bremse
674:
647:
596:
575:New Bradwell
571:World War II
568:
553:
549:
546:20th century
532:
520:
504:
489:
483:October 2023
480:
465:Please help
453:
429:
412:
393:
377:
365:
343:
315:New Bradwell
308:
279:
278:
166:Town or city
107:
101:October 2023
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
15:
2305:13 February
1067:Northampton
978:Northampton
760:white goods
685:DB Schenker
632:Royal train
556:World War I
380:Edward Bury
264:Edward Bury
216: /
191:Coordinates
2621:Categories
2204:References
835:embankment
827:River Ouse
741:bath house
642:See also:
614:Royal Mail
354:Foundation
296:Birmingham
201:52°03′47″N
71:newspapers
2642:Wolverton
2564:750645684
2556:0033-8923
2539:11659960M
2418:18 August
2345:killed, 3
2240:16 August
1886:Bletchley
1498:Wolverton
831:landslips
815:cast iron
717:Wolverton
539:Edinburgh
454:does not
384:Liverpool
290:, by the
284:Wolverton
237:Completed
204:0°48′58″W
170:Wolverton
139:'Special'
2531:29474215
2449:5 August
2392:BBC News
2366:"Trains"
2280:50330788
2125:towards
1967:planned
1548:Bradwell
1303:towards
1065:towards
912:towards
845:See also
766:Heritage
756:entrepot
620:for the
582:for the
523:twin-car
512:Holyhead
329:and the
2604:at the
1958:former
1933:planned
1623:Bedford
1305:Bedford
721:Mutares
713:Glasgow
554:During
508:Glasgow
475:removed
460:sources
349:History
184:England
180:Country
85:scholar
2562:
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2529:
2519:
2503:
2351:
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2335:
2327:20 May
2278:
2268:
2127:Euston
1988:Oxford
1975:
888:Legend
516:Euston
306:line.
245:Client
161:In use
158:Status
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
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1994:
1977:
1953:
1946:
1931:with
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1244:Olney
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991:Roade
984:
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920:
900:
733:Tesco
584:D-Day
424:2-2-2
408:0-4-2
404:0-6-0
397:2-2-2
345:end.
92:JSTOR
78:books
2560:OCLC
2552:ISSN
2527:OCLC
2517:ISBN
2501:ISBN
2451:2018
2420:2021
2329:2022
2307:2021
2276:OCLC
2266:ISBN
2242:2013
758:for
737:Lidl
715:and
662:York
458:any
456:cite
321:and
309:The
240:1838
232:1836
64:news
2594:at
1621:to
976:to
469:by
47:by
2623::
2558:.
2535:OL
2533:.
2525:.
2515:.
2440:.
2436:.
2409:.
2390:.
2368:.
2331:.
2297:.
2274:.
2250:^
2233:.
2212:^
1982:to
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695:.
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590:,
566:.
410:.
286:,
172:,
2588:"
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1962:/
1606:/
871:e
864:t
857:v
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490:(
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481:(
477:.
463:.
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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