7576:
4326:
5577:
3033:
5006:
4946:
3000:
3103:
4917:
5858:
606:
3206:
2967:
5017:
3406:
6387:
3138:
92:
109:
3418:
4979:
2934:
4390:
6044:
5825:
5844:
4903:
3199:
3096:
4964:
4885:
4871:
3241:
3068:
4931:
5028:
5756:
80:
3528:
4374:
895:
6058:
7101:
7201:
2833:
2822:
1786:
2514:
6959:
4401:
1186:
2577:
3234:
7211:
2430:
3131:
2619:
2493:
1797:
5784:
2556:
6030:
6016:
3026:
2927:
2451:
2598:
3061:
2472:
2535:
3164:
2993:
2960:
2855:
2844:
2811:
2800:
3171:
6501:
5770:
6436:
1822:. Since 1990, Thuringia's forests have been managed aiming for a more natural and tough vegetation more resilient to climate change as well as diseases and vermin. In comparison to the forest, agriculture is still quite conventional and dominated by large structures and monocultures. Problems here are caused especially by increasingly prolonged dry periods during the summer months.
3499:(AfD) became the largest party with 33% of the vote, its best ever performance and the first time it placed first in a state election in Germany. The incumbent governing coalition suffered dramatic losses; the Left lost more than half its support and fell to fourth place on 13%, while the SPD recorded its worst result in any postwar state election. The
4630:. The accession of several new countries, the crisis in southern Europe and the sustained economic growth in Germany since 2005 has brought the Thuringian GDP close to the EU average since then. The high economic subsidies granted by the federal government and the EU after 1990 are being reduced gradually and will end around 2020.
2879:
during the 12th century, whereas the latest ones received town status only in the 20th century. Today, all municipalities within districts are equal in law, whether they are towns or villages. Independent cities (i.e. urban districts) have greater powers (the same as any district) than towns within a district.
1911:, before it slowed within the 20th century and changed to a decline since 1990. Since the beginning of Urbanisation around 1840, the Thuringian cities have higher growth rates resp. smaller rates of decline than rural areas (many villages lost half of their population since 1950, whereas the biggest cities (
6007:(1834–1919), biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, and artist, discovered, described, and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and stem cell, professor at
4670:
and their surroundings are booming, whereas nearly all the rural regions, especially in the north and east, have little economic impetus and employment, which is a big issue in regional planning. Young people in these areas often have to commute long distances, and many emigrate soon after finishing
2878:
Of the approximately 850 municipalities of
Thuringia, 126 are classed as towns (within a district) or cities (forming their own urban district). Most of the towns are small with a population of less than 10,000; only the ten biggest ones have a population greater than 30,000. The first towns emerged
2704:
was about 1.8 children per women in the 1970s and 1980s, shrinking to 0.8 in 1994 during the economic crisis after the reunification and rose again to more than 1.4 children in 2010, which is a higher level than in West
Germany. Nevertheless, there are only 17,000 births compared to 27,000 deaths per
1053:
in the
December 1929 election. In this position, he removed from the Thuringian police force anyone he suspected of being a republican and replaced them with men who were favourable towards the Nazis. He also ensured that, whenever an important position came up within Thuringia, a Nazi was given that
4633:
The unemployment rate reached its peak of 17.1% in 2005. Since then, it has decreased to 5.3% in 2019, which is only slightly above the national average. The decrease is caused on the one hand by the emergence of new jobs and on the other by a marked decrease in the working-age population, caused by
4485:
Like most other regions of central and southern
Germany, Thuringia has a significant industrial sector reaching back to the mid-19th-century industrialisation. The economic transition after the German reunification in 1990 led to the closure of most large-scale factories and companies, leaving small
5486:
Health care provision in
Thuringia improved after 1990, as did the level of general health. Life expectancy rose, nevertheless it is still a bit lower than the German average. This is caused by a relatively unhealthy lifestyle of the Thuringians, especially in high consumption of grains, industrial
4408:
Thuringia's economy is marked by the economic transition that happened after the German reunification and led to the closure of most of the factories within the Land. The unemployment rate reached a peak in 2005. Since that year, the economy has seen an upturn and the general economic situation has
3363:
in the southwest. Protestant church membership is shrinking rapidly, whereas the
Catholic Church is somewhat more stable because of Catholic migration from Poland, Southern Europe and West Germany. Other religions play no significant role in Thuringia. There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely
5693:
with their various archives and libraries are centres of historic and cultural research. Most of the research in
Thuringia is publicly funded basic research due to the lack of large companies able to invest significant amounts in applied research, with the notable exception of the optics sector at
5498:
get enlarged. Overall, there is an oversupply of hospital beds, caused by rationalisation processes in the German health care system, so that many smaller hospitals generate losses. On the other hand, there is a lack of family doctors, especially in rural regions with increased need of health care
5245:
The first railways in
Thuringia had been built in the 1840s and the network of main lines was finished around 1880. By 1920, many branch lines had been built, giving Thuringia one of the densest rail networks in the world before World War II with about 2,500 km of track. Between 1950 and 2000
4434:
are in intensive use for growing cereals, vegetables, fruits and energy crops. Important products are apples, strawberries, cherries and plums in the fruit sector, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes (grown in greenhouses), onions, cucumbers and asparagus in the vegetable sector, as well as
2651:
In July 2013, there were 41,000 non-Germans by citizenship living in
Thuringia (1.9% of the population − among the smallest proportions of any state in Germany). Nevertheless, the number rose from 33,000 in July 2011, an increase of 24% in only two years. About 4% of the population are migrants
1438:
with humid westerly winds predominating. Increasingly as one moves from the north-west to the south-east, the climate shows continental features: winters can be cold for long periods, and summers can become warm. Dry periods are often recorded, especially within the
Thuringian Basin, leeward to
1323:
valley, is marked by a hilly landscape, rising slowly from the flat north to the mountainous south. The Saale in the west and the White Elster in the east are the two big rivers running from south to north and forming densely settled valleys in this area. Between them lies the flat and forested
5568:(ThIS). The school was established in the year 2000 and is accredited by the Council of International Schools and authorised to offer the International Baccalaureate PYP, MYP and DP. Students who graduate from the school are able to gain admission to colleges and universities around the world.
4864:(ridge walk). City tourism with the centers of Erfurt, Weimar, Jena, Eisenach and Mühlhausen is experiencing dynamic growth. A total of around 9.2 million overnight stays were booked in 2016, compared to 8.3 million ten years earlier. Around 6% of the bookings were made by foreign guests.
2691:
gap, caused by the emigration of young women, especially in rural areas. Overall, there are 115 to 120 men per 100 women in the 25–40 age group ("family founders") which has negative consequences for the birth ratio. Furthermore, the population is getting older and older with some rural
6111:(1861–1925), Austrian philosopher, social reformer, architect, and esotericist, worked to establish various practical endeavors, including Waldorf education, biodynamic agriculture, and anthroposophical medicine, invited to work as an editor at the Goethe Matenadaran in Weimar
6845:
3346:
formed 7.6% of the population, while 71.6% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths. The highest Protestant concentrations are in the small villages of southern and western Thuringia, whereas the bigger cities are even more non-religious (up to 88% in
5540:
there in the 19th century. The Thuringian primary school takes four years and most primary schools are all-day schools offering optional extracurricular activities in the afternoon. At the age of ten, pupils are separated according to aptitude and proceed to either the
4417:
Agriculture and forestry have declined in importance over the decades. Nevertheless, they are more important than in most other areas of Germany, especially within rural regions. 54% of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use. The fertile basins such as the large
4438:
Meat production and processing is also an important activity, with swine, cattle, chickens and turkeys in focus. Furthermore, there are many milk and cheese producers, as well as laying hens. Trout and carp are traditionally bred in aquaculture in many villages.
5109:
junction it is connected with the A9. Both highways were widened from four to six lanes (three each way) after 1990, including some extensive re-routing in the Eisenach and Jena areas. Furthermore, three new motorways were built during the 1990s and 2000s. The
5246:
most of the branch lines were abandoned, reducing Thuringia's network by half compared to 1940. On the other hand, most of the main lines were refurbished after 1990, resulting in improved speed of travel. The most important railway lines at present are the
5431:, mined in the bordering Leipzig region. Since 2000, the importance of environmentally unfriendly lignite combustion has declined in favour of renewable energies, which reached an amount of 40% (in 2013), and more clean gas combustion, often carried out as
4527:) are highly industrialised, whereas there are fewer industrial companies in the northern and eastern parts of the Land. Traditional industries like production of glass, porcelain and toys collapsed during the economic crises between 1930 and 1990.
2643:
The current population is 2,120,237 (31 December 2020) with an annual rate of decrease of about 0.5%, which varies widely between the local regions. In 2012, 905,000 Thuringians lived in a municipality with more than 20,000 inhabitants, this is an
2752:
the balance is positive. The international migration is fluctuating heavily. In 2009, the balance was +700, in 2010 +1,800, in 2011 +2,700 and in 2012 +4,800. The most important countries of origin of the Thuringia migrants from 2008 to 2012 were
6875:
1825:
Environmental damage in Thuringia has been reduced to a large extent after 1990. The condition of forests, rivers and air was improved by modernizing factories, houses (decline of coal heating) and cars, and contaminated areas such as the former
5640:
4650:
as weekly commuters. Nevertheless, the demographic transition in Thuringia leads to a lack of workers in some sectors. External immigration into Thuringia has been encouraged by the government since about 2010 to counter this problem.
1849:
Environment and nature protection has been of growing importance and attention since 1990. Large areas, especially within the forested mountains, are protected as natural reserves, including Thuringia's first national park within the
6853:
5615:
with 4,000 students is Thuringia's smallest university, specialising in creative subjects such as architecture and arts. It was founded in 1860 and came to prominence as Germany's leading art school during the inter-war period, the
4546:. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the
4514:
factory is based today. The most important industrial branches today are engineering and metalworking, vehicle production and food industries. Especially the small and mid-sized towns in central and southwestern Thuringia (e.g.
4476:
Forestry plays an important role in Thuringia because 32% of the Thuringian territory is forested. The most common trees are spruce, pine and beech. There are many wood and pulp-paper factories near the forested areas.
7168:
6388:
5800:(1483–1546), friar (Observant Augustinian), Catholic priest, professor of theology and seminal figure of the 16th-century movement in Christianity known later as the Protestant Reformation, educated in
6369:
5653:
5532:
Early-years education is quite common in Thuringia. Since the 1950s, nearly all children have been using the service, whereas early-years education is less developed in western Germany. Its inventor
2708:
Migration plays an important role in Thuringia. The internal migration shows a strong tendency from rural areas towards the big cities. From 2008 to 2012, there was a net migration from Thuringia to
2692:
municipalities recording more than 30% of over-65s (pensioners). This is a problem for the regional labour market, as there are twice as many people leaving as entering the job market annually.
655:
was the largest state in the region, persisting between 1131 and 1247. Afterwards the state known as Thuringia ceased to exist; nevertheless the term commonly described the region between the
6740:
3364:
migrants) and about 750 Jews (mostly migrants from Russia) living in Thuringia. Furthermore, there are some Orthodox communities of Eastern European migrants and some traditional Protestant
6616:
5326:. Only the segment west of Erfurt of the Frankfurt-Dresden line will continue to be used by ICE trains after 2017, with an increased line speed of 200 km/h (currently 160 km/h).
796:
branch of the family, which subsequently subdivided the area into a number of smaller states, according to the Saxon tradition of dividing inheritance amongst male heirs. These were the "
6994:
5330:, which was completely rebuilt for this purpose in the 2000s (decade), will be the new connection between both ICE lines. The most important regional railway lines in Thuringia are the
7198:
5553:
exam after a further eight years and prepares for higher education, while the latter has a more vocational focus and finishes with exams after five or six years, comparable to the
5658:
5628:
5636:
5603:
is the biggest amongst Thuringia's four universities and offers nearly every discipline. It was founded in 1558, and today has 21,000 students. The second-largest is the
5490:
Health care in Thuringia is currently undergoing a concentration process. Many smaller hospitals in the rural towns are closing, whereas the bigger ones in centres like
2407:
The 1981 census projected that Thuringia's population would reach 2,221,222 by 2011. The population counted in the 2011 census was 2,181,603, which is about 1.78% less.
7647:
5648:
2999:
7777:
4626:
The GDP of Thuringia is below the national average, in line with the other former East German Lands. Until 2004, Thuringia was one of the weakest regions within the
3338:
period, church membership was discouraged and has continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990. Today over two thirds of the population is non-religious. The
1121:
7575:
6223:(1891–1969), painter and printmaker, noted for his ruthless and harshly realistic depictions of Weimar society and the brutality of war, born in Untermhaus (today
855:, a leader of some non-peaceful groups of this sect, was active in this city. Within the borders of modern Thuringia the Roman Catholic faith only survived in the
6772:
5529:
school system. Most German school rankings attest that Thuringia has one of the most successful education systems in Germany, resulting in high-quality outcomes.
2728:(21 per 1000). Between Thuringia and the other German states, the balance is negative: In 2012, Thuringia lost 6,500 persons to other federal states, the most to
1280:
7465:
6987:
5624:
3249:* Average annual change in percent within the last three years (13 December 2009 to 31 December 2012), adjusted from incorporations and the 2011 Census results.
499:
gold medals had been won by Thuringian athletes as of 2014. Thuringia was favoured by or was the birthplace of three key intellectuals and leaders in the arts:
4446:
during the GDR period, and meat producers are part of multinational companies. Traditional private peasant agriculture is an exception, as is organic farming.
1264:
6700:
839:
was suppressed as early as 1520; priests who remained loyal to it were driven away and churches and monasteries were largely destroyed, especially during the
7190:
702:
shows the lion of the Ludowingian Landgraves of 12th-century origin. The eight stars around it represent the eight former states which formed Thuringia. The
5231:
5203:
1818:
would be natural. However, most of the plains have been cleared and are in intensive agricultural use while most of the forests are planted with spruce and
5227:
5215:
5038:
As Germany's most central state, Thuringia is an important hub of transit traffic. The transportation infrastructure was in very poor condition after the
1806:
Due to many centuries of intensive settlement, most of the area is shaped by human influence. The original natural vegetation of Thuringia is forest with
1284:
7792:
7782:
6793:
1019:
7602:
1445:, in the north-east, is warm and dry, with a mean annual temperature of 8.5 °C and mean precipitation of 450 mm; contrast this with wet, cool
6980:
6819:
6180:(1879–1940), Swiss German painter; his highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism,
5318:. In 2017, a new high speed line will be opened, diverting long-distance services from these mid-19th century lines. Both ICE routes will then use the
4849:
2705:
year, so that the annual natural change of the Thuringian population is about −0.45%. In 2015 there were 17,934 births, the highest number since 1990.
7401:
6736:
4590:
in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the
5460:
3515:
1388:
381:
239:
1272:
7787:
7406:
7366:
3376:
1384:
7426:
5546:
4443:
2869:
119:
7396:
6450:
2966:
7458:
5319:
5158:
by the A71 has been one of Germany's most expensive motorway segments with various tunnels (including Germany's longest road tunnel, the
4427:
1329:
1240:
5644:
5507:
In Germany, the educational system is part of the sovereignty of the Länder; therefore each Land has its own school and college system.
3405:
6130:(1864–1920), sociologist, philosopher, and political economist, often cited as among the three founding creators of sociology, born in
5983:(1818–1883), philosopher, economist, social scientist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist, PhD awarded by
1907:
between the 11th and the 13th century under German rule. The population growth increased during the 18th century and stayed high until
359:
1375:– drains the south-west and west of the state. Furthermore, some small areas on the southern border are drained by tributaries of the
1001:
7183:
5819:(1759–1805), poet, philosopher, historian, and playwright; professor of history at the University of Jena before relocating to Weimar
5632:
3388:
2873:
2396:
558:
4216:
3205:
7421:
5331:
3479:
574:
7565:
6161:(1871–1956), German-American painter and leading exponent of Expressionism, also worked as a caricaturist and comic strip artist,
7391:
6074:(1840–1905), physicist, optical scientist, entrepreneur, and social reformer, laid the foundations of modern optics, co-owner of
5323:
3417:
2933:
2652:(including persons that already received German citizenship). The biggest groups of foreigners by citizenship are (as of 2012):
7772:
7451:
7376:
5945:"Vous êtes un homme. Quel âge avez-vous ? – Soixante ans. – Vous êtes bien conservé. Vous avez écrit des tragédies ?"
5487:
seed oils, refined carbohydrates and alcohol, which led to significant higher rates of obesity compared to the German average.
5198:
complementing the motorway network. The upgrading of federal highways is prioritised in the federal trunk road programme 2015 (
5042:
period. Since 1990, many billions of Euros have been invested to improve the condition of roads and railways within Thuringia.
4945:
2391:
1063:
6550:
6527:
5824:
3032:
679:. Their various lands formed the Free State of Thuringia, founded in 1920, together with some other small principalities. The
4031:
3610:
3504:
3372:
3102:
609:
542:
6200:(1886–1969), German-American architect, widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture, joined the
1449:, in the Thuringian Forest, where temperature averages only 4.4 °C and mean annual precipitation reaches 1300 mm.
91:
7431:
7176:
6722:
3240:
7411:
6668:
6265:(1923–2002), Israeli gun designer, best remembered as the designer and namesake of the Uzi submachine gun, born in Weimar
6211:
6139:(1864–1949), leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras, director of the Weimar Court Orchestra (
6118:
1223:
river emanates. The central and northern part of Thuringia is defined by the 3,000 km (1,200 sq mi) wide
1010:
of the newly established state first convened in 1920 in Weimar. Its deputies were elected for three years according to
7549:
7524:
7519:
7371:
5607:
with 7,000 students, founded in 1894, which offers many technical disciplines such as engineering and mathematics. The
5580:
3712:
975:
211:
5857:
7416:
7381:
5456:
1771:
1396:
417:— with 2.1 million people its 12th-largest by population and with 16,171 square kilometers its 11th-largest in area.
5604:
4884:
765:
648:
first mentioned the Thuringii around 400; during that period, the Thuringii were famous for their excellent horses.
516:
7386:
6761:
6690:
6151:(1866–1944), influential Russian painter and art theorist, credited with painting the first purely abstract works,
3384:
3137:
1336:, a hilly but in most parts non-forested region in the south. The far eastern region (east of White Elster) is the
769:
645:
5681:. Both focus on technology, in particular life sciences and optics at Jena and information technology at Ilmenau.
5521:
The Thuringian school system was developed after the reunification in 1990, combining some elements of the former
4978:
3342:
has had the largest number of members in the state, adhered to by 20.8% of the population in 2018. Members of the
5452:
5351:
4634:
emigration and low birth rates for decades. The wages in Thuringia are low compared to rich bordering Lands like
3848:
3814:
3392:
793:
6190:(1883–1969), architect, widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture, founder of the
1439:
mountains in all directions. It is Germany's driest area, with annual precipitation of only 400 to 500 mm.
1383:. There are no large natural lakes in Thuringia, but it does have some of Germany's biggest dams, including the
7544:
5419:
Thuringia is the only state without barge or ship waterways; its rivers are too small to be navigable to them.
3490:
3467:
3463:
5729:(1811–1886), Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, teacher and Franciscan tertiary, lived in Weimar
5576:
4916:
2684:
have the highest rates, whereas there are almost no migrants living in the most rural smaller municipalities.
7557:
7474:
5957:
5398:
1859:
1075:
884:
3067:
524:
79:
29:
7736:
7359:
6306:
5843:
5359:
4890:
3443:
3339:
3293:
341:
187:
5744:(1864–1949), composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras, director of the Weimar Court Orchestra (
4325:
3644:
3508:
1399:
in the Thuringian Highlands. Thuringia is Germany's only state with no connection to navigable waterways.
6087:(1844–1900), philologist, philosopher, cultural critic, poet and composer, lived his last years in Weimar
5961:
5897:
4963:
4530:
Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the
3997:
1011:
888:
776:", never to become a part of Thuringia again. Most of the remaining Thuringia came under the rule of the
7746:
7156:
5894:(1472–1553), Renaissance painter and printmaker in woodcut and engraving, lived his last years in Weimar
7797:
7673:
7665:
7509:
5931:
5917:
5849:
5810:
5612:
5409:
4902:
1115:
907:
636:, but later research rejected the idea. Other historians argue that the Thuringians were allies of the
504:
22:
5755:
1189:
7802:
7696:
7281:
6210:(1886–1966), German-French, or Alsatian, sculptor, painter, poet and abstract artist, studied at the
5397:, used for charter flights to the Mediterranean and other holiday destinations. In private flights,
5394:
5303:
5005:
4258:
951:
699:
96:
5920:(1762–1836), physician, most eminent practical physician of his time in Germany, born in Langensalza
5611:, founded in 1392, has 5,000 students today and an emphasis on humanities and teacher training. The
4654:
The economic progress is quite different between the regions of Thuringia. The big cities along the
1855:
714:
are quite similar to the Thuringian ones, since they are also derived from the Ludowingian symbols.
7731:
7721:
6407:
6381:
6197:
6043:
5927:
5367:
1038:
641:
6655:
4930:
4840:
Tourism is an important branch of the economy. Thuringia has a number of well known destinations:
4381:
is a symbol of East Germany's economy. According to the 2019 study by Forschungsinstitut Prognos,
7529:
7504:
5891:
5712:
5375:
5343:
4615:
3909:
3576:
3496:
3459:
3439:
840:
562:
369:
7726:
7691:
7316:
7053:
7047:
6910:
5816:
5661:(1400 students), a cooperative state college founded in 2016 through a merger of the colleges (
4385:
is one of the most dynamic regions in Germany. It ranks at number 29 of all 401 German regions.
4293:
3746:
3500:
3327:
1863:
1086:
955:
931:
860:
832:
781:
215:
7321:
7200:
7100:
5657:) in Gera (500 students). The most recent institution of higher education in Thuringia is the
4870:
4486:
and medium-sized ones to dominate the manufacturing sector. Well-known industrial centres are
4298:
3936:
1231:
river and completely surrounded by the following hill chains (clockwise from the north-west):
7534:
7331:
7296:
6250:
6102:(1851–1935), chemist, glass technologist, and the inventor of borosilicate glass, founder of
5761:
5717:
5371:
5187:
5183:
4308:
4273:
3186:
3083:
3078:
2665:
1851:
1208:
1098:
1055:
707:
692:
605:
594:
566:
500:
320:
7443:
6972:
6057:
706:
is a white-red bicolor, derived from the white and red stripes of the Ludowingian lion. The
7683:
7652:
7632:
7489:
7353:
7326:
7301:
7266:
7059:
5735:(1813–1883), composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor, sojourns in Weimar and
5608:
5516:
5106:
4607:
4303:
4278:
4243:
3963:
1831:
1146:
1042:
935:
915:
903:
785:
632:. Their origin is largely unknown. An older theory claims that they were successors of the
590:
520:
330:
223:
179:
7210:
7150:
7017:
4606:
mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was
1800:
1126:) instead. The three districts that shared the former territory of Thuringia were Erfurt,
8:
7637:
7514:
7311:
6554:
6084:
5801:
5542:
5475:
5390:. Most regional and local lines have hourly service, but some run only every other hour.
5327:
5020:
4984:
4288:
2653:
1325:
1303:(983 m) is Thuringia's highest mountain. To the south-west, the Forest is followed up by
1292:
1193:
461:) from the late 19th century due to its broad, dense forest. Most of Thuringia is in the
5533:
3462:(AfD) have seen its first-ever first place finish in a state election. Die Linke in the
7767:
7083:
6940:
6114:
6094:
6008:
5984:
5965:
5863:
5783:
5600:
5247:
5016:
4524:
3678:
3455:
963:
923:
919:
911:
740:
719:
652:
534:
512:
508:
207:
196:
7291:
6293:(1928-2024), German-American physicist, co-laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2000
6015:
5651:
in Erfurt (500 students) and the SRH College for nursing and allied medical subjects (
4404:
TEAG Thüringer Energie AG in Erfurt, the largest electric utility company in Thuringia
4268:
1300:
7619:
7494:
7003:
6148:
5989:
5973:(1816–1888), maker of optical instruments commonly known for the company he founded,
5471:
5467:
5405:
5299:
5171:
5163:
5155:
5111:
4951:
4908:
4853:
4531:
3308:
3170:
1789:
1435:
1411:
1392:
1296:
1288:
1287:. South of the Thuringian Basin is the state's largest mountain range, marked by the
1268:
947:
797:
789:
724:
703:
672:
664:
546:
414:
84:
67:
6171:(1872–1950), French politician, three times Prime Minister of France, imprisoned in
5435:
in the municipal power stations. The most important forms of renewable energies are
4674:
The unemployment rate stood at 5.9% in 2023 and was higher than the German average.
3356:
1308:
852:
7741:
7306:
7276:
7271:
7261:
6656:
Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland – Kirchemitgliederzahlen Stand 31. Dezember 2018
6332:
6230:
6158:
6029:
5992:(1821–1868), linguist, he attempted to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language
5448:
5159:
5058:
5050:
5031:
5009:
4922:
4857:
4655:
4419:
4389:
4283:
4253:
4248:
4238:
3221:
3048:
2661:
2657:
1880:
1446:
1419:
1341:
1224:
1082:
959:
750:
629:
488:
469:
108:
6268:
5053:
as an important east–west connection in central Germany and the main link between
1145:
The present State of Thuringia was recreated with slightly altered borders during
6631:
6373:
6290:
6136:
5995:
5871:
5741:
5587:
The German higher education system comprises two forms of academic institutions:
4462:
3343:
2688:
1807:
1364:
1015:
880:
876:
836:
792:. With the division of the house of Wettin in 1485, Thuringia went to the senior
777:
676:
538:
496:
54:
5900:(1744–1803), philosopher, theologian, poet, and literary critic, introduces the
5195:
1199:
The landscapes of Thuringia are quite diverse. The far north is occupied by the
984:, these small states merged into one state, called the Free State of Thuringia (
7642:
7627:
7592:
7121:
6963:
6695:
6476:
6187:
6117:(1863–1957), Belgian painter, architect and interior designer, established the
6108:
5789:
5732:
5594:
5413:
4627:
4583:
1843:
1834:
have been remediated. Today's environmental problems are the salination of the
1089:
and was expanded to include parts of Prussian Saxony, such as the areas around
1067:
943:
939:
817:
813:
465:
6897:
3198:
3095:
1315:
plain in the south. Eastern Thuringia, commonly described as the area east of
1162:
From the northwest going clockwise; Thuringia borders on the German states of
7761:
7341:
7336:
7077:
6967:
6594:
6296:
6256:
6246:
6238:
6090:
6075:
6021:
6004:
5974:
5831:
5797:
5769:
5251:
5219:
5151:
5147:
4587:
4575:
4567:
4491:
4470:
4393:
4318:
4313:
3454:
Thuringia is notable for being the first and only state in Germany where the
3118:
2745:
1904:
1892:
1650:
1256:
1248:
1212:
1167:
1071:
1034:
927:
805:
711:
578:
492:
448:
134:
121:
6923:
5708:
5211:
4970:
4642:. Therefore, many Thuringians are working in other German Lands and even in
3181:
2668:(2,000). The number of foreigners varies between regions: the college towns
1415:
1244:
1094:
844:
688:
7041:
5537:
5444:
5432:
5387:
5283:
5223:
5179:
5143:
5027:
4535:
4520:
4373:
3875:
3380:
2645:
1376:
1163:
894:
761:
660:
570:
554:
444:
192:
6455:
Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder | Gemeinsames Statistikportal
6168:
5363:
5175:
3527:
1846:
and overfertilisation in agriculture, damaging the soil and small rivers.
7144:
7029:
6568:
6099:
6063:
5775:
5726:
5554:
5061:
as the main north–south route in eastern Germany, connecting Berlin with
4647:
4423:
3780:
3365:
3331:
2778:
2762:
2749:
2519:
1908:
1900:
1815:
1785:
1204:
989:
981:
848:
821:
801:
640:, came to central Europe together with them, and lived before in what is
586:
582:
550:
5564:
Thuringia is home to a K-12 international school in the city of Weimar,
5335:
5139:
5115:
4571:
1252:
906:
from 1795 to 1814, and the territory was included within the Napoleonic
7712:
7584:
6272:
6234:
6172:
6071:
6049:
5970:
5939:
5588:
5565:
5558:
5436:
5239:
5207:
5174:
is another west–east connection in the north of Thuringia running from
4551:
3507:(CDU) recorded small gains and came second with 24%. The newly-founded
3277:
2770:
2701:
1819:
1423:
1260:
1046:
1030:
922:
also acquired some Thuringian territory and administered it within the
825:
633:
5583:
is the largest university in Thuringia and one of the best in Germany.
4400:
1185:
7286:
6902:
6262:
6177:
6127:
6103:
6035:
5999:
5980:
5903:
5379:
5355:
5339:
5295:
5275:
5167:
5123:
5066:
4861:
4555:
4495:
4450:
4431:
4378:
4263:
3352:
3216:
1418:. The centre of Thuringia is eight kilometres south of the capital's
1337:
1236:
1216:
1135:
1107:
856:
809:
747:
736:
625:
480:
311:
234:
6093:(1848–1925), mathematician, logician, and philosopher, professor at
1796:
1345:
1014:, with a minimum voting age of 21. Between 1920 and 1932, under the
914:
confirmed these changes and the Thuringian states' inclusion in the
772:(1247–1264), the western half became independent under the name of "
7065:
6300:
6220:
6207:
6079:
5923:
5835:
5805:
5736:
5721:
5639:(3,000 students). In addition, there is a civil service college in
5347:
5291:
5271:
5235:
5135:
5074:
5046:
4876:
4841:
4667:
4516:
4503:
4499:
4435:
maize, rapeseed, wheat, barley and sugar beets in the crop sector.
3233:
3113:
2721:
2582:
1403:
1333:
1312:
349:
5720:(1685–1750), composer and musician of the Baroque period, born in
5711:(1661–1733), composer and organist of the Baroque period, born in
5310:
to Frankfurt while the latter is served hourly by ICE trains from
3330:, the most prominent Christian denomination in Thuringia has been
3130:
1081:
After being controlled briefly by the US following the end of the
7597:
7499:
7127:
7023:
6737:"Far-right AfD wins eastern state in Germany's regional election"
6215:
6201:
6191:
6181:
6162:
6152:
6122:
5678:
5617:
5526:
5440:
5428:
5383:
5307:
5255:
5191:
5166:
starts at the A71 south of Erfurt in Suhl and runs south towards
5131:
5119:
5098:
4643:
4639:
4603:
4547:
4543:
4442:
Most agricultural enterprises are large cooperatives, founded as
3025:
2926:
2782:
2758:
2729:
2681:
2624:
2498:
2435:
1827:
1811:
1407:
1360:
1320:
1276:
1228:
1175:
1139:
1102:
1006:
993:
680:
436:
410:
280:
154:
6451:"Bruttoinlandsprodukt, Bruttowertschöpfung | Statistikportal.de"
1899:
all tribes in what is now southern half of Eastern Germany. The
7539:
7245:
7225:
7115:
7071:
6914:
6723:"German far right wins first major election since World War II"
6131:
5935:
5686:
5682:
5550:
5495:
5315:
5311:
5279:
5263:
5259:
5102:
5086:
5082:
5062:
5054:
4955:
4936:
4894:
4845:
4659:
4559:
4454:
4361:
4337:
3060:
3010:
2911:
2774:
2766:
2754:
2741:
2733:
2725:
2709:
2677:
2669:
2561:
2540:
2477:
1912:
1891:
river. The main Slavic tribe in what is now Thuringia were the
1457:
1442:
1171:
1090:
997:
864:
754:
684:
531:
484:
452:
432:
420:
337:
316:
164:
6691:"Germany's far-right AfD: 'We have a clear mandate to govern'"
5647:
in Weimar (800 students) as well as two private colleges, the
5393:
A few small airports are in Thuringia. In public transport is
5114:
crosses the Land in southwest–northeast direction, connecting
3163:
2992:
2959:
1348:
river, a flat, fertile and densely settled agricultural area.
1232:
1033:
first gained real political power during the Weimar Republic.
7473:
7035:
7002:
6773:"Zukunftsatlas: Leipzig ist dynamischste Region Deutschlands"
6242:
5886:
5804:, translation of the New Testament from Greek into German at
5690:
5267:
5078:
5070:
4988:
4635:
4562:
mining districts were established around 1900. These are the
4466:
3518:
party in Germany since World War II to win a state election.
3446:. In 2017 the party got 22.7%, while in 2021 they got 24.0%.
3396:
3360:
3043:
2737:
2456:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1835:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1352:
1316:
1304:
1220:
1179:
902:
Some reordering of the Thuringian states occurred during the
773:
668:
462:
440:
6335:
4490:(a world centre for optical instruments with companies like
3442:(AfD), the party emerged as the largest in Thuringia in the
1879:
During the Middle Ages, Thuringia was at the border between
7240:
7235:
7230:
6359:
6356:
6338:
6224:
5695:
5674:
5491:
5287:
5127:
5094:
5090:
4663:
4611:
4595:
4539:
4511:
4487:
4458:
4382:
4355:
4349:
4343:
3503:
and the Free Democratic Party lost all of their seats. The
3473:
3348:
3148:
2977:
2944:
2717:
2713:
2673:
2603:
1916:
1839:
1356:
1200:
1131:
1127:
656:
637:
473:
428:
424:
6669:"Germany's far-right populist AfD: No gains, small losses"
6353:
1367:
and White Elster, drains the most part of Thuringia. The
1299:
in the south-east. Most of this range is forested and the
753:
tribe who occupied it around AD 300, Thuringia came under
6892:
6617:"Largest groups of foreign residents by 31 December 2023"
6347:
5813:(1749–1832), writer and statesman, went to live in Weimar
5685:
is a centre of Germany's horticultural research, whereas
5522:
5039:
4507:
3335:
1810:
as its predominant species, as can still be found in the
391:
6271:(1923–2011), Spanish writer and politician, deported to
5998:(1833–1897), composer and pianist, frequent sojourns at
5926:(1769–1821), French military and political leader, twin
1814:
mountains today. In the uplands, a mixture of beech and
891:, a defunct principality in the modern state's borders.
2712:
of +6,700 persons (33 per 1000 inhabitants), +1,800 to
1085:, from July 1945 the state of Thuringia came under the
727:, because a large amount of the territory is forested.
5466:
The water supply is granted by the big dams, like the
4558:
in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two
423:
is the capital and largest city. Other cities include
6846:"Federal Statistical Office Germany - GENESIS-Online"
6525:
6350:
6259:(1909–1951), Nazi SS officer, executed for war crimes
1215:
as most important river. The north-west includes the
675:, Thuringia had its own dynasty again, the Ernestine
455:. It has been known as "the green heart of Germany" (
6477:"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"
6344:
5322:, and the Berlin-Munich route will continue via the
5194:
in Saxony. Furthermore, there is a dense network of
5023:
is an important junction on the German rail network.
409:, officially the Free State of Thuringia, is one of
6794:"Arbeitslosenquote* in Thüringen von 2001 bis 2019"
6551:"Thüringen - Training Grounds for Olympic Athletes"
6341:
5105:, connecting Thuringia's most important cities. At
3371:The Protestant parishes of Thuringia belong to the
1219:, a hilly and sometimes forested region, where the
651:The Thuringian Realm existed until after 531. The
5914:(1769), served as General Superintendent in Weimar
5202:2015). Envisaged projects include upgrades of the
3411:EKD Protestant membership in 2011 (municipalities)
926:. The Thuringian duchies which became part of the
541:. The modern state was established in 1920 by the
5885:), theologian, philosopher and mystic, born near
5536:lived in Thuringia and founded the world's first
5478:, making a drinking water exporter of Thuringia.
4449:Thuringia's only wine-growing district is around
3534:
2695:
764:in 1130 AD. After the extinction of the reigning
589:. Thuringia was re-established in 1990 following
7778:NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union
7759:
5218:from Eisenach to Meiningen to improve access to
5214:'s connection to the national road network, the
3484:
2777:(+1,000), whereas the balance was negative with
1066:" of 30 January 1934, which replaced the German
1004:was simpler than those of its predecessors. The
879:first appearance anywhere in a German-ethnicity
717:Symbols of Thuringia in popular culture are the
28:"Thüringen" redirects here. For other uses, see
4614:in eastern Thuringia and the operating company
4510:started its car production in the 1920s and an
6526:Verein Fur Naturkunde, Kassel (30 July 2009).
5427:The traditional energy supply of Thuringia is
4621:
3377:Evangelical Church of Hesse Electorate-Waldeck
1351:There are two large rivers in Thuringia. The
1101:. Erfurt became the new capital of Thuringia.
800:", consisting, among others, of the states of
768:line of counts and landgraves in 1247 and the
7459:
7184:
6988:
4444:Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft
4333:Furthermore, there are five urban districts:
3368:in Thuringia without any societal influence.
2870:List of towns and municipalities in Thuringia
2863:
1118:dissolved its states, and created districts (
6636:Statistische Ämter des Bundes Und der Länder
6595:"World Weather Information Service - Erfurt"
6469:
6401:
6282:
6276:
6140:
5949:
5943:
5909:
5901:
5745:
5592:
3438:Thuringia is a stronghold for the far right
3423:Catholic membership in 2011 (municipalities)
2687:The Thuringian population has a significant
1410:is in Thuringia, within the municipality of
1119:
456:
46:
6938:
6820:"Arbeitslosenquote nach Bundesländern 2023"
5623:The polytechnics of Thuringia are based in
4412:
1279:. Within the Basin the smaller hill chains
1062:was formally abolished as a result of the "
735:For the earlier history of the region, see
610:Coat of arms of the landgraves of Thuringia
593:, slightly re-drawn, and became one of the
565:, and its borders were reformed, to become
7793:States and territories established in 1990
7783:States and territories established in 1920
7466:
7452:
7191:
7177:
6995:
6981:
5422:
2411:Significant foreign resident populations
1227:, a very fertile and flat area around the
1029:Thuringia was one of the states where the
969:
573:in 1949, but was dissolved in 1952 during
495:destination – half of Germany's 136
7004:States of the Federal Republic of Germany
2874:List of cities in Thuringia by population
2832:
2821:
1780:
5575:
5026:
5015:
5004:
4399:
4388:
4372:
4324:
4229:Thuringia is divided into 17 districts (
3480:List of minister-presidents of Thuringia
3474:List of minister-presidents of Thuringia
1795:
1784:
1184:
893:
604:
600:
5673:Thuringia's leading research centre is
5451:. Furthermore, Thuringia hosts two big
5320:Erfurt–Leipzig/Halle high-speed railway
2851:Natural growth January–November 2017 =
2840:Natural growth January–November 2016 =
883:, within what today comprises Germany,
7788:1952 disestablishments in East Germany
7760:
6431:
6429:
6427:
5654:SRH Fachhochschule für Gesundheit Gera
4480:
4469:valley. Its production is marketed as
3514:The AfD in Thuringia became the first
2170:
1940:
1874:
1064:Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich
870:
254:16,171 km (6,244 sq mi)
7447:
7172:
6976:
6788:
6786:
6743:from the original on 1 September 2024
6703:from the original on 1 September 2024
6406:
6380:
6104:Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Genossen
4191:
4168:
4145:
4122:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3373:Evangelical Church in Central Germany
2648:rate of 42% which continues to rise.
2638:
5960:(1770–1831), philosopher, author of
5332:Neudietendorf–Ritschenhausen railway
1903:movement led to the assimilation of
1074:. Thuringia was the location of the
898:Map of the Thuringian States in 1890
597:of the Federal Republic of Germany.
577:, and divided into the Districts of
6876:"Thüringer Landesamt für Statistik"
6671:. Deutsche Welle. 27 September 2021
6597:. World Meteorological Organization
6587:
6502:"Thüringer Landesamt für Statistik"
6424:
6212:Weimar Saxon-Grand Ducal Art School
6119:Weimar Saxon-Grand Ducal Art School
5324:Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway
4566:in the north of the state, between
4224:
2788:
1391:on the River Saale, as well as the
1328:in the north, the flat and fertile
1307:river valley, dividing it from the
1049:won six deputies to the Thuringian
13:
6852:. 13 November 2018. Archived from
6783:
6683:
5581:Friedrich Schiller University Jena
3355:in the northwest and parts of the
2165:
1935:
14:
7814:
7204:Urban and rural districts in the
6886:
6287:art festival, Weimar, summer 1995
5499:provision because of overageing.
5457:Goldisthal Pumped Storage Station
4995:
4618:was under direct Soviet control.
4032:Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany
2392:Thüringer Landesamt für Statistik
1772:World Meteorological Organization
1397:Goldisthal Pumped Storage Station
859:district, which was ruled by the
831:Thuringia generally accepted the
537:was established around 631 AD by
7574:
7209:
7199:
7099:
6957:
6331:
6056:
6042:
6028:
6014:
5856:
5842:
5823:
5782:
5768:
5754:
5701:
5510:
5057:and south-west Germany, and the
5049:were built across the Land, the
5045:During the 1930s, the first two
4977:
4962:
4944:
4929:
4915:
4901:
4883:
4869:
3526:
3416:
3404:
3239:
3232:
3204:
3197:
3169:
3162:
3136:
3129:
3101:
3094:
3066:
3059:
3031:
3024:
2998:
2991:
2965:
2958:
2932:
2925:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2842:
2831:
2820:
2810:
2809:
2799:
2798:
2617:
2596:
2575:
2554:
2533:
2512:
2491:
2470:
2449:
2428:
1854:mountains, founded in 1997, the
1111:Eisenach, was ceded to Bavaria.
930:in 1871 during the Prussian-led
770:War of the Thuringian Succession
646:Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
624:derives from the Germanic tribe
517:Ilmenau University of Technology
107:
90:
78:
6868:
6838:
6812:
6765:
6755:
6729:
6715:
6661:
6649:
6624:
6609:
5571:
5404:International hub airports are
3849:Action Party for Animal Welfare
3511:debuted in third place at 16%.
3383:region). Catholic dioceses are
2829:Deaths January–November 2017 =
2818:Deaths January–November 2016 =
2807:Births January–November 2017 =
2796:Births January–November 2016 =
1869:
1838:river, caused by discharges of
877:black-red-gold tricolour flag's
757:domination in the 6th century.
569:. Thuringia became part of the
6561:
6543:
6519:
6494:
6443:
6395:
6321:
5659:Duale Hochschule Gera-Eisenach
5645:College of Music "Franz Liszt"
5605:Technische Universität Ilmenau
5566:Thuringia International School
4852:(UNESCO World Heritage Site),
4848:(UNESCO World Heritage Site),
4844:(UNESCO World Heritage Site),
3491:2024 Thuringian state election
3468:2024 Thuringian state election
3464:2019 Thuringian state election
2696:Natural and spatial tendencies
2422:Population (31 December 2023)
1207:, a fertile floodplain around
1002:coat of arms of this new state
976:State of Thuringia (1920–1952)
958:and the two principalities of
204: • Governing parties
1:
7773:States of the Weimar Republic
7475:States of the Weimar Republic
6417:
6408:[ˈfʁaɪʃtaːtˈtyːʁɪŋən]
6237:, observer and discoverer of
5964:, extraordinary Professor at
5958:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
5875:
4582:on the Hessian border around
3485:September 2024 state election
2419:Population (31 December 2022)
1860:Thuringian Forest Nature Park
1157:
1076:Buchenwald concentration camp
671:river in the west. After the
6278:"Mère blafarde, tendre sœur"
5934:at the governor's palace in
5561:found elsewhere in Germany.
5502:
5000:
4757:Unemployment rate in %
3340:Protestant Church in Germany
3262:Religion in Thuringia - 2018
3212:
3177:
3144:
3109:
3074:
3039:
3006:
2973:
2940:
2907:
2724:(33 per 1000) and +1,300 to
1379:, itself a tributary of the
1152:
1000:became the new capital. The
910:organized in 1806. The 1815
867:and its immediate vicinity.
659:mountains in the north, the
525:Bauhaus University of Weimar
7:
6962:Geographic data related to
6621:German Statistical Office.
6085:Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
5962:the Phenomenology of Spirit
5898:Johann Gottfried von Herder
5668:
5352:Sangerhausen–Erfurt railway
5298:. The former has an hourly
4622:General economic parameters
4598:took over the mines in the
3998:Ecological Democratic Party
3433:
3428:
3252:
3228:
3225:
3193:
3190:
3158:
3155:
3125:
3122:
3090:
3087:
3055:
3052:
3020:
3017:
2987:
2984:
2954:
2951:
2921:
2918:
1887:territories, marked by the
1723:Average precipitation days
1579:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1509:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1359:, with its tributaries the
1203:mountains, followed by the
1012:proportional representation
889:Principality of Reuss-Greiz
863:, and to a small degree in
784:, the nucleus of the later
557:, Thuringia came under the
458:das grüne Herz Deutschlands
435:. Thuringia is bordered by
10:
7819:
5932:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
5918:Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
5850:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
5811:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
5549:. The former leads to the
5514:
5410:Berlin Brandenburg Airport
5401:is a further key airport.
4835:
4368:
4214:
4118:
3611:Christian Democratic Union
3525:
3509:Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance
3505:Christian Democratic Union
3488:
3477:
2867:
2864:Cities, towns and villages
1926:
1769:
1455:
1429:
1116:German Democratic Republic
973:
908:Confederation of the Rhine
734:
730:
695:joined Thuringia in 1945.
571:German Democratic Republic
505:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
30:Thüringen (disambiguation)
27:
23:Thuringia (disambiguation)
20:
7709:
7682:
7664:
7618:
7611:
7583:
7572:
7482:
7350:
7254:
7218:
7137:
7108:
7097:
7010:
6573:aussenlager-buchenwald.de
6277:
6214:, the predecessor of the
6121:, the predecessor of the
5613:Bauhaus University Weimar
5481:
5399:Leipzig–Altenburg Airport
5162:) and large bridges. The
4602:. Between 1950 and 1990,
4210:
4192:Registered voters/turnout
4187:
4164:
4141:
4089:
4067:
3950:
3923:
3862:
3645:Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht
3317:
3307:
3302:
3292:
3287:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
2720:(14 per 1000), +1,400 to
2716:(19 per 1000), +1,400 to
2389:
1953:—
1722:
1648:
1578:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1422:, in the municipality of
952:Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
887:as the state flag of the
700:coat of arms of Thuringia
653:Landgraviate of Thuringia
628:, who emerged during the
491:makes it a well-equipped
479:Thuringia is home to the
387:
368:
358:
348:
327:
310:
302:
294:
289:
279:
271:
263:
258:
250:
245:
232:
221:
203:
185:
175:
170:
160:
150:
115:
106:
74:
65:
40:
7157:Württemberg-Hohenzollern
6893:Official government site
6569:"Buchenwald war überall"
6314:
6198:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
5928:battle of Jena-Auerstedt
5665:) in Gera and Eisenach.
5649:Adam-Ries-Fachhochschule
5360:Gotha–Leinefelde railway
5328:Erfurt's central station
4891:Goethe–Schiller Monument
4413:Agriculture and forestry
3449:
3351:). Catholic regions are
1078:with multiple subcamps.
1039:Minister of the Interior
545:through a merger of the
44:
7206:Free State of Thuringia
6850:www-genesis.destatis.de
6506:statistik.thueringen.de
6303:), professional cyclist
5930:, 14 October 1806, met
5892:Lucas Cranach the Elder
5643:with 500 students, the
5525:school system with the
5453:pumped storage stations
5423:Energy and water supply
5286:from Halle/Leipzig via
4594:was abandoned, whereas
4578:at its centre, and the
3713:Social Democratic Party
3577:Alternative for Germany
3497:Alternative for Germany
3460:Alternative for Germany
3444:2021 national elections
3440:Alternative for Germany
1434:Thuringia's climate is
1371:– the headwater of the
1291:in the north-west, the
1190:Meuselbach-Schwarzmühle
970:Free State of Thuringia
663:river in the east, the
563:Allied-occupied Germany
487:. Its winter resort of
483:, Germany's best-known
303: • Per capita
275:130/km (340/sq mi)
42:Free State of Thuringia
7402:North Rhine-Westphalia
7397:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
7317:Schmalkalden-Meiningen
7054:North Rhine-Westphalia
7048:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
6402:
6377:
6283:
6141:
5950:
5944:
5910:
5902:
5817:Friedrich von Schiller
5746:
5593:
5584:
5234:for strengthening the
5200:Bundesverkehrswegeplan
5154:. The crossing of the
5035:
5034:at Anger (city centre)
5024:
5021:Erfurt Central Station
5013:
4550:surface mining around
4405:
4397:
4386:
4330:
4329:Districts of Thuringia
4294:Schmalkalden-Meiningen
3747:Alliance 90/The Greens
3328:Protestant Reformation
2894:Pop. 31 December 2020
1864:South Harz Nature Park
1856:Rhön Biosphere Reserve
1803:
1793:
1781:Nature and environment
1332:in the middle and the
1295:in the middle and the
1196:
1120:
1087:Soviet occupation zone
956:Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
932:unification of Germany
899:
851:found many adherents.
833:Protestant Reformation
782:Margraviate of Meissen
613:
575:administrative reforms
559:Soviet occupation zone
457:
298:€71.430 billion (2022)
47:
7332:Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis
6924:"Thuringia (Germany)"
6481:hdi.globaldatalab.org
6309:(1936–2019), engineer
6251:Sonneberg Observatory
5762:Johann Sebastian Bach
5718:Johann Sebastian Bach
5635:(2,500 students) and
5579:
5395:Erfurt–Weimar Airport
5030:
5019:
5008:
4403:
4392:
4376:
4328:
4309:Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis
3815:Free Democratic Party
3387:(most of Thuringia),
3187:Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis
1923:Historical population
1830:surface mines around
1799:
1788:
1355:, a tributary of the
1188:
1056:Nazi seizure of power
897:
667:in the south and the
608:
601:Etymology and symbols
501:Johann Sebastian Bach
329: • Summer (
135:50.86111°N 11.05194°E
7525:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
7520:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
7407:Rhineland-Palatinate
7302:Saale-Holzland-Kreis
7060:Rhineland-Palatinate
6919:Thuringian flags at
6699:. 1 September 2024.
6557:on 22 February 2008.
6233:(1892–1968), German
5609:University of Erfurt
5517:Education in Germany
5416:in adjacent states.
5368:Halle–Kassel railway
4279:Saale-Holzland-Kreis
3964:Pirate Party Germany
3458:(Die Linke) and the
3391:(eastern parts) and
1311:in the west and the
1147:German reunification
1054:post. Following the
1043:coalition government
936:Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
916:German Confederation
904:German Mediatisation
841:German Peasants' War
591:German reunification
521:University of Erfurt
511:. The state has the
272: • Density
180:Landtag of Thuringia
21:For other uses, see
7312:Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
6926:. Fotw.vexillum.com
6856:on 13 November 2018
6403:Freistaat Thüringen
6382:[ˈtyːʁɪŋən]
5938:in the presence of
5476:Thuringian Highland
5376:Leipzig–Hof railway
5344:Weimar–Gera railway
5065:. The A4 runs from
4985:Friedenstein Palace
4481:Industry and mining
4289:Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
4146:Invalid/blank votes
3937:Bündnis Deutschland
3522:
3466:and the AfD in the
3399:in the very west).
2412:
1924:
1875:Demographic history
1293:Thuringian Highland
1194:Thuringian Highland
986:Freistaat Thüringen
871:Early modern period
861:Archbishop of Mainz
847:and elsewhere, the
760:Thuringia became a
683:territories around
470:left-bank tributary
131: /
48:Freistaat Thüringen
7427:Schleswig-Holstein
7084:Schleswig-Holstein
6903:Official Directory
6115:Henry van de Velde
6095:University of Jena
6009:University of Jena
5985:University of Jena
5966:University of Jena
5942:, 2 October 1808 (
5924:Napoléon Bonaparte
5864:Friedrich Schiller
5631:(5,000 students),
5627:(4,500 students),
5601:University of Jena
5591:and polytechnics (
5585:
5374:to Kassel and the
5248:Thuringian Railway
5036:
5025:
5014:
4406:
4398:
4387:
4331:
3521:
2639:Current population
2410:
1922:
1842:salt mines around
1804:
1794:
1197:
1138:Kreis was part of
964:Reuss Younger Line
924:Province of Saxony
920:Kingdom of Prussia
912:Congress of Vienna
900:
875:The modern German
741:Duchy of Thuringia
614:
535:Duchy of Thuringia
513:University of Jena
509:Friedrich Schiller
295: • Total
264: • Total
251: • Total
188:Minister-President
140:50.86111; 11.05194
7798:States of Germany
7755:
7754:
7705:
7704:
7441:
7440:
7367:Baden-Württemberg
7166:
7165:
7151:Württemberg-Baden
7018:Baden-Württemberg
6943:. Flaggenkunde.de
6939:Marcus Schmöger.
6725:. September 2024.
6658:EKD, January 2020
6529:A. Trinius (1898)
6275:, realization of
6149:Vassily Kandinsky
5990:August Schleicher
5472:Thuringian Forest
5468:Leibis-Lichte Dam
5406:Frankfurt Airport
5378:from Leipzig via
5156:Thuringian Forest
4909:Thuringian Forest
4854:Thuringian Forest
4833:
4832:
4574:in the east with
4532:Thuringian Forest
4222:
4221:
3322:
3321:
3247:
3246:
2636:
2635:
2404:
2403:
2385:
2384:
2155:
2154:
1919:) kept growing).
1801:Großer Inselsberg
1790:Thuringian Forest
1777:
1776:
1456:Climate data for
1404:geographic centre
1393:Leibis-Lichte Dam
1297:Franconian Forest
1289:Thuringian Forest
1269:Thuringian Forest
948:Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
837:Roman Catholicism
790:Kingdom of Saxony
704:flag of Thuringia
673:Treaty of Leipzig
665:Franconian Forest
547:Ernestine duchies
397:
396:
176: • Body
60:
7810:
7803:Former republics
7657:
7616:
7615:
7578:
7562:
7554:
7545:Schaumburg-Lippe
7468:
7461:
7454:
7445:
7444:
7356:of German states
7307:Saale-Orla-Kreis
7262:Altenburger Land
7213:
7203:
7193:
7186:
7179:
7170:
7169:
7103:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6974:
6973:
6961:
6960:
6952:
6950:
6948:
6935:
6933:
6931:
6907:
6880:
6879:
6872:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6842:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6831:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6790:
6781:
6780:
6769:
6763:
6759:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6733:
6727:
6726:
6719:
6713:
6712:
6710:
6708:
6687:
6681:
6680:
6678:
6676:
6665:
6659:
6653:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6628:
6622:
6620:
6613:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6602:
6591:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6565:
6559:
6558:
6553:. Archived from
6547:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6536:
6523:
6517:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6498:
6492:
6491:
6489:
6487:
6473:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6433:
6411:
6410:
6405:
6399:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6390:
6384:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6340:
6337:
6330:
6325:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6231:Cuno Hoffmeister
6159:Lyonel Feininger
6144:
6142:Hofkapellmeister
6060:
6046:
6032:
6018:
5977:, born in Weimar
5953:
5951:"Voilà un homme"
5947:
5913:
5911:Kritische Wälder
5907:
5884:
5880:
5877:
5860:
5846:
5827:
5786:
5772:
5758:
5749:
5747:Hofkapellmeister
5598:
5534:Friedrich Fröbel
5449:hydroelectricity
5196:federal highways
5170:in Bavaria. The
5160:Rennsteig Tunnel
5032:Erfurt Stadtbahn
5010:Bundesautobahn 4
4981:
4966:
4948:
4933:
4919:
4905:
4887:
4873:
4846:Classical Weimar
4677:
4676:
4570:in the west and
4420:Thuringian Basin
4284:Saale-Orla-Kreis
4239:Altenburger Land
4225:Local government
3530:
3523:
3520:
3420:
3408:
3259:
3258:
3243:
3236:
3222:Altenburger Land
3208:
3201:
3173:
3166:
3140:
3133:
3105:
3098:
3070:
3063:
3035:
3028:
3002:
2995:
2969:
2962:
2936:
2929:
2882:
2881:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2789:Vital statistics
2623:
2621:
2620:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2413:
2409:
2400:
2172:
2167:
2159:
2158:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1726:
1453:
1452:
1408:Federal Republic
1342:Altenburger Land
1225:Thuringian Basin
1125:
1105:, an exclave of
1083:Second World War
960:Reuss Elder Line
885:occurred in 1778
746:Named after the
630:Migration Period
460:
379:
334:
146:
145:
143:
142:
141:
136:
132:
129:
128:
127:
124:
111:
94:
82:
58:
50:
45:
38:
37:
35:State in Germany
16:State in Germany
7818:
7817:
7813:
7812:
7811:
7809:
7808:
7807:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7751:
7711:
7701:
7678:
7660:
7655:
7653:Weimar-Eisenach
7607:
7579:
7570:
7560:
7552:
7478:
7472:
7442:
7437:
7436:
7346:
7292:Kyffhäuserkreis
7255:Rural districts
7250:
7219:Urban districts
7214:
7197:
7167:
7162:
7133:
7104:
7095:
7006:
7001:
6958:
6946:
6944:
6929:
6927:
6922:
6905:
6889:
6884:
6883:
6874:
6873:
6869:
6859:
6857:
6844:
6843:
6839:
6829:
6827:
6818:
6817:
6813:
6803:
6801:
6792:
6791:
6784:
6771:
6770:
6766:
6760:
6756:
6746:
6744:
6735:
6734:
6730:
6721:
6720:
6716:
6706:
6704:
6689:
6688:
6684:
6674:
6672:
6667:
6666:
6662:
6654:
6650:
6640:
6638:
6630:
6629:
6625:
6615:
6614:
6610:
6600:
6598:
6593:
6592:
6588:
6578:
6576:
6567:
6566:
6562:
6549:
6548:
6544:
6534:
6532:
6524:
6520:
6510:
6508:
6500:
6499:
6495:
6485:
6483:
6475:
6474:
6470:
6460:
6458:
6449:
6448:
6444:
6435:
6434:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6414:
6400:
6396:
6386:
6385:
6368:
6334:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6291:Herbert Kroemer
6137:Richard Strauss
6076:Carl Zeiss Jena
6066:
6061:
6052:
6047:
6038:
6033:
6024:
6019:
5996:Johannes Brahms
5975:Carl Zeiss Jena
5882:
5878:
5872:Meister Eckhart
5866:
5861:
5852:
5847:
5838:
5836:Wartburg castle
5828:
5806:Wartburg castle
5792:
5787:
5778:
5773:
5764:
5759:
5742:Richard Strauss
5704:
5671:
5574:
5519:
5513:
5505:
5484:
5425:
5370:from Halle via
5362:from Erfurt to
5354:from Erfurt to
5346:from Erfurt to
5334:from Erfurt to
5003:
4998:
4991:
4982:
4973:
4967:
4958:
4949:
4940:
4934:
4925:
4920:
4911:
4906:
4897:
4888:
4879:
4874:
4842:Wartburg castle
4838:
4624:
4483:
4422:or the smaller
4415:
4371:
4323:
4269:Kyffhäuserkreis
4227:
3545:
3493:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3452:
3436:
3431:
3424:
3421:
3412:
3409:
3389:Dresden-Meissen
3344:Catholic Church
3324:
3323:
3315:
3309:Roman Catholics
3300:
3294:EKD Protestants
3285:
3255:
2876:
2866:
2852:
2841:
2830:
2819:
2808:
2797:
2791:
2698:
2641:
2618:
2616:
2597:
2595:
2576:
2574:
2555:
2553:
2534:
2532:
2513:
2511:
2492:
2490:
2471:
2469:
2450:
2448:
2429:
2427:
2406:
2394:
1877:
1872:
1783:
1778:
1724:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1432:
1301:Großer Beerberg
1285:Heilinger Höhen
1160:
1155:
1058:in Berlin, the
1016:Weimar Republic
980:In 1920, after
978:
972:
881:sovereign state
873:
744:
733:
603:
543:Weimar Republic
539:King Dagobert I
404:
403:
402:
377:
376:
328:
235:Bundestag seats
224:Bundesrat votes
139:
137:
133:
130:
125:
122:
120:
118:
117:
102:
101:
100:
99:
88:
87:
70:
61:
59:
52:
43:
36:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7816:
7806:
7805:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7775:
7770:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7744:
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6887:External links
6885:
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6779:. 5 July 2019.
6764:
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6696:Deutsche Welle
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6619:. 24 May 2024.
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6299:(born 1988 in
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6239:variable stars
6228:
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6188:Walter Gropius
6185:
6184:master, Weimar
6175:
6166:
6165:master, Weimar
6156:
6155:master, Weimar
6146:
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5790:Richard Wagner
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5733:Richard Wagner
5730:
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5677:, followed by
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5663:Berufsakademie
5595:Fachhochschule
5573:
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5512:
5509:
5504:
5501:
5483:
5480:
5461:Hohenwarte Dam
5443:, followed by
5424:
5421:
5414:Munich Airport
5206:from Gotha to
5002:
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4996:Infrastructure
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1389:Hohenwarte Dam
1309:Rhön Mountains
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1068:federal system
1037:was appointed
992:voted to join
971:
968:
944:Saxe-Altenburg
940:Saxe-Meiningen
872:
869:
853:Thomas Müntzer
818:Saxe-Altenburg
814:Saxe-Meiningen
780:of the nearby
778:Wettin dynasty
732:
729:
602:
599:
497:Winter Olympic
466:drainage basin
400:
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15:
9:
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7697:Sondershausen
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7422:Saxony-Anhalt
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7342:Weimarer Land
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7138:Former states
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6968:OpenStreetMap
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6632:"Bevölkerung"
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6324:
6320:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6298:
6297:Marcel Kittel
6295:
6292:
6289:
6285:
6274:
6270:
6269:Jorge Semprún
6267:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6257:Werner Braune
6255:
6252:
6249:, founder of
6248:
6247:minor planets
6244:
6240:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6203:
6199:
6196:
6193:
6189:
6186:
6183:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6160:
6157:
6154:
6150:
6147:
6143:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6091:Gottlob Frege
6089:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6077:
6073:
6070:
6065:
6059:
6054:
6051:
6045:
6040:
6037:
6031:
6026:
6023:
6022:Ernst Haeckel
6017:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6006:
6005:Ernst Haeckel
6003:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5982:
5979:
5976:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5956:
5952:
5946:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5922:
5919:
5916:
5912:
5906:
5905:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5873:
5870:
5865:
5859:
5854:
5851:
5845:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5832:Martin Luther
5826:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5799:
5798:Martin Luther
5796:
5791:
5785:
5780:
5777:
5771:
5766:
5763:
5757:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5731:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5702:Personalities
5699:
5697:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5680:
5676:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5626:
5621:
5619:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5596:
5590:
5582:
5578:
5569:
5567:
5562:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5539:
5538:Kindergartens
5535:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5511:School system
5508:
5500:
5497:
5493:
5488:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5470:, within the
5469:
5464:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5306:service from
5305:
5301:
5297:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5250:, connecting
5249:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5220:Bad Salzungen
5217:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5184:Heiligenstadt
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5152:Saxony-Anhalt
5149:
5145:
5141:
5138:, Erfurt and
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5043:
5041:
5033:
5029:
5022:
5018:
5011:
5007:
4990:
4986:
4980:
4975:
4972:
4965:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4947:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4927:
4924:
4918:
4913:
4910:
4904:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4886:
4881:
4878:
4872:
4867:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4629:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4592:Südharzrevier
4589:
4588:Bad Salzungen
4585:
4581:
4577:
4576:Sondershausen
4573:
4569:
4568:Bischofferode
4565:
4564:Südharzrevier
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4471:Saale-Unstrut
4468:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4447:
4445:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4410:
4402:
4396:manufacturing
4395:
4394:Opel Eisenach
4391:
4384:
4380:
4375:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4319:Weimarer Land
4317:
4315:
4314:Wartburgkreis
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3552:
3533:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3481:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3419:
3414:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3395:(Rhön around
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3366:Free churches
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3334:. During the
3333:
3329:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3250:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3119:Wartburgkreis
3117:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3093:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2875:
2871:
2850:
2839:
2828:
2817:
2806:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2781:(−2,800) and
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2765:(+1,100) and
2764:
2760:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2746:Saxony-Anhalt
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2703:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2408:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1905:Slavic people
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1802:
1798:
1791:
1787:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1721:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1651:precipitation
1647:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:Hohe Schrecke
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1168:Saxony-Anhalt
1165:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1117:
1114:In 1952, the
1112:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1072:unitary state
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1041:in the state
1040:
1036:
1035:Wilhelm Frick
1032:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
977:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
928:German Empire
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
896:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
806:Saxe-Eisenach
803:
799:
798:Saxon duchies
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
749:
742:
738:
728:
726:
722:
721:
715:
713:
712:flag of Hesse
709:
705:
701:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
611:
607:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:winter sports
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
464:
459:
454:
450:
449:Saxony-Anhalt
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
416:
412:
408:
393:
392:thueringen.de
390:
386:
383:
374:
371:
367:
363:
361:
357:
353:
351:
350:ISO 3166 code
347:
343:
339:
336:
332:
326:
322:
318:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
253:
249:
244:
241:
238:
236:
233: •
231:
227:
225:
222: •
220:
217:
213:
209:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
189:
186: •
184:
181:
178:
174:
169:
166:
163:
159:
156:
153:
149:
144:
116:Coordinates:
114:
110:
105:
98:
93:
86:
81:
73:
69:
64:
56:
49:
39:
31:
24:
19:
7710:Unrecognized
7656:(until 1920)
7561:(until 1929)
7392:Lower Saxony
7352:
7205:
7130:(since 1949)
7124:(since 1949)
7118:(since 1990)
7092:(since 1990)
7089:
7086:(since 1949)
7080:(since 1990)
7074:(since 1990)
7068:(since 1957)
7062:(since 1949)
7056:(since 1949)
7050:(since 1990)
7044:(since 1949)
7042:Lower Saxony
7038:(since 1949)
7032:(since 1990)
7026:(since 1949)
7020:(since 1952)
6945:. Retrieved
6928:. Retrieved
6870:
6858:. Retrieved
6854:the original
6849:
6840:
6828:. Retrieved
6823:
6814:
6802:. Retrieved
6797:
6776:
6767:
6757:
6745:. Retrieved
6731:
6717:
6705:. Retrieved
6694:
6685:
6673:. Retrieved
6663:
6651:
6639:. Retrieved
6635:
6626:
6611:
6599:. Retrieved
6589:
6577:. Retrieved
6572:
6563:
6555:the original
6545:
6533:. Retrieved
6528:
6521:
6509:. Retrieved
6505:
6496:
6486:13 September
6484:. Retrieved
6480:
6471:
6459:. Retrieved
6454:
6445:
6397:
6323:
6307:Michael Roth
5713:Hohenkirchen
5672:
5662:
5652:
5637:Schmalkalden
5622:
5589:universities
5586:
5572:Universities
5563:
5531:
5520:
5506:
5489:
5485:
5465:
5445:solar energy
5433:cogeneration
5426:
5418:
5403:
5392:
5284:Saal Railway
5244:
5224:Schmalkalden
5199:
5180:Lower Saxony
5144:Sangerhausen
5044:
5037:
4952:Krämerbrücke
4839:
4673:
4653:
4632:
4625:
4599:
4591:
4579:
4563:
4536:Schmalkalden
4529:
4521:Schmalkalden
4484:
4475:
4448:
4441:
4437:
4416:
4407:
4332:
4230:
4228:
3910:Family Party
3876:Values Union
3541:Constituency
3513:
3494:
3453:
3437:
3381:Schmalkalden
3370:
3325:
3248:
3153:independent
3015:independent
2982:independent
2949:independent
2916:independent
2877:
2792:
2744:. Only with
2707:
2699:
2686:
2664:(2,100) and
2650:
2646:urbanization
2642:
2405:
1893:Sorbs proper
1878:
1870:Demographics
1848:
1824:
1805:
1653:mm (inches)
1460:(1971–2000)
1441:
1433:
1401:
1385:Bleiloch Dam
1350:
1198:
1164:Lower Saxony
1161:
1144:
1113:
1106:
1080:
1059:
1050:
1028:
1021:
1005:
985:
979:
901:
874:
843:of 1525. In
830:
762:landgraviate
759:
745:
718:
716:
708:coat of arms
697:
661:White Elster
650:
621:
617:
615:
555:World War II
529:
485:hiking trail
478:
445:Lower Saxony
419:
406:
405:
193:Bodo Ramelow
97:Coat of arms
18:
7747:Würzburg SR
7722:Bavarian SR
7684:Schwarzburg
7585:City-states
7566:Württemberg
7553:(from 1920)
7477:(1919–1933)
7377:Brandenburg
7159:(1949–1952)
7153:(1949–1952)
7147:(1949–1952)
7145:South Baden
7109:City-states
7030:Brandenburg
6941:"Thüringen"
6906:(in German)
6860:13 November
6830:11 February
6826:(in German)
6800:(in German)
6747:2 September
6707:1 September
6575:(in German)
6535:21 February
6457:(in German)
6100:Otto Schott
6064:Otto Schott
5883: 1328
5879: 1260
5830:Chamber of
5776:Franz Liszt
5727:Franz Liszt
5555:Hauptschule
5547:Regelschule
5210:to improve
5059:A9 motorway
5051:A4 motorway
4969:Oldtown of
4656:A4 motorway
4648:Switzerland
4600:Werrarevier
4580:Werrarevier
4424:Goldene Aue
4169:Total votes
4123:Valid votes
3781:Free Voters
3681:(Die Linke)
3332:Lutheranism
2779:Switzerland
2763:Afghanistan
2750:Brandenburg
2520:Afghanistan
2416:Nationality
2395: [
1909:World War I
1901:Ostsiedlung
1281:Fahner Höhe
1273:Hörselberge
1265:Steigerwald
1205:Goldene Aue
1026:were held.
990:Saxe-Coburg
982:World War I
849:Anabaptists
822:Saxe-Coburg
802:Saxe-Weimar
766:Ludowingian
551:Saxe-Coburg
549:, save for
360:NUTS Region
240:19 (of 736)
138: /
7762:Categories
7732:Bottleneck
7713:separatist
7692:Rudolstadt
7648:Saxe-Gotha
7612:Until 1920
7297:Nordhausen
6804:2 February
6777:www.lvz.de
6675:31 October
6601:22 January
6418:References
6273:Buchenwald
6235:astronomer
6173:Buchenwald
6078:, born in
6072:Ernst Abbe
6050:Carl Zeiss
5971:Carl Zeiss
5940:Talleyrand
5881: – c.
5709:Georg Böhm
5633:Nordhausen
5559:Realschule
5515:See also:
5437:wind power
5372:Nordhausen
5240:Rudolstadt
5226:, and the
5212:Mühlhausen
5208:Leinefelde
5188:Nordhausen
4971:Mühlhausen
4552:Meuselwitz
4492:Carl Zeiss
4461:along the
4409:improved.
4274:Nordhausen
4231:Landkreise
3538:Party-list
3489:See also:
3375:or to the
3326:Since the
3182:Mühlhausen
3084:Nordhausen
3079:Nordhausen
2868:See also:
2771:Montenegro
2761:(+1,200),
2757:(+1,700),
2702:birth rate
2666:Ukrainians
1725:(≥ 1.0 mm)
1424:Rockhausen
1416:Mühlhausen
1261:Ettersberg
1245:Kyffhäuser
1209:Nordhausen
1158:Topography
1099:Nordhausen
1095:Mühlhausen
1047:Nazi Party
1045:after the
1031:Nazi Party
974:See also:
845:Mühlhausen
826:Saxe-Gotha
786:Electorate
693:Nordhausen
689:Mühlhausen
634:Hermunduri
595:new states
567:contiguous
523:, and the
382:12th of 16
285:Thuringian
259:Population
171:Government
123:50°51′40″N
7768:Thuringia
7727:Bremen SR
7715:movements
7643:Meiningen
7628:Altenburg
7550:Thuringia
7530:Oldenburg
7505:Brunswick
7432:Thuringia
7360:Full list
7354:Districts
7327:Sonneberg
7287:Ilm-Kreis
7267:Eichsfeld
7090:Thuringia
6964:Thuringia
6911:Thuringia
6378:Thüringen
6370:‹See Tfd›
6329:English:
6284:Kunstfest
6263:Uziel Gal
6178:Paul Klee
6169:Léon Blum
6145:) 1889–94
6128:Max Weber
6036:Max Weber
6000:Meiningen
5981:Karl Marx
5904:Zeitgeist
5543:Gymnasium
5503:Education
5380:Altenburg
5364:Göttingen
5356:Magdeburg
5340:Meiningen
5296:Nuremberg
5276:Frankfurt
5176:Göttingen
5168:Nuremberg
5124:Meiningen
5107:Hermsdorf
5067:Frankfurt
5047:motorways
5012:near Jena
5001:Transport
4862:Rennsteig
4608:Ronneburg
4556:Altenburg
4453:north of
4451:Bad Sulza
4432:Osterland
4428:Orlasenke
4379:Jen Tower
4304:Sonneberg
4264:Ilm-Kreis
4244:Eichsfeld
4203:1,655,343
4195:1,655,343
4180:1,218,190
4172:1,218,190
4134:1,188,486
4126:1,207,836
4102:1,188,486
4093:1,207,836
3966:(Piraten)
3912:(Familie)
3516:far-right
3353:Eichsfeld
3217:Altenburg
2891:District
2689:sex ratio
2660:(3,000),
2656:(3,100),
2378:2,126,846
2367:2,108,863
2356:2,120,237
2345:2,133,378
2334:2,143,145
2323:2,151,205
2312:2,158,128
2301:2,170,714
2290:2,156,759
2279:2,160,840
2268:2,170,460
2257:2,181,603
2246:2,235,025
2235:2,249,882
2224:2,267,763
2213:2,289,219
2202:2,311,140
2191:2,334,575
2180:2,355,280
2148:2,373,157
2137:2,392,040
2126:2,411,387
2115:2,431,255
2104:2,449,082
2093:2,462,836
2082:2,478,148
2071:2,491,119
2060:2,503,785
2049:2,517,776
2038:2,723,268
2027:2,730,368
2016:2,759,084
2005:2,737,865
1994:2,932,242
1983:2,160,692
1972:1,737,544
1961:1,435,115
1950:1,172,375
1832:Ronneburg
1792:in winter
1436:temperate
1420:Cathedral
1338:Osterland
1330:Orlasenke
1241:Windleite
1237:Hainleite
1217:Eichsfeld
1211:with the
1153:Geography
1149:in 1990.
1136:Altenburg
1108:Landkreis
1024:elections
996:instead.
857:Eichsfeld
810:Saxe-Jena
794:Ernestine
748:Thuringii
737:Thuringii
720:Bratwurst
626:Thuringii
622:Thüringen
618:Thuringia
616:The name
481:Rennsteig
411:Germany's
407:Thuringia
378:very high
312:Time zone
267:2,120,237
228:4 (of 69)
7412:Saarland
7322:Sömmerda
7066:Saarland
6824:Statista
6798:Statista
6741:Archived
6701:Archived
6301:Arnstadt
6281:for the
6221:Otto Dix
6208:Jean Arp
6204:, Weimar
6194:, Weimar
6080:Eisenach
5802:Eisenach
5737:Eisenach
5722:Eisenach
5669:Research
5527:Bavarian
5474:and the
5459:and the
5348:Chemnitz
5336:Würzburg
5292:Saalfeld
5282:and the
5272:Eisenach
5242:region.
5236:Saalfeld
5140:Sömmerda
5136:Arnstadt
5116:Würzburg
5075:Eisenach
4877:Wartburg
4671:school.
4668:Eisenach
4658:such as
4572:Roßleben
4534:such as
4517:Arnstadt
4506:, where
4504:Eisenach
4500:Jenoptik
4299:Sömmerda
4215:Source:
3679:The Left
3456:The Left
3434:National
3429:Politics
3280:or other
3267:religion
3253:Religion
3114:Eisenach
2952:110,731
2919:213,692
2897:Change*
2785:(−900).
2722:Eisenach
2654:Russians
2583:Bulgaria
2390:Source:
1881:Germanic
1862:and the
1770:Source:
1718:(19.74)
1649:Average
1414:next to
1395:and the
1387:and the
1334:Vogtland
1326:Holzland
1313:Grabfeld
1253:Schmücke
1142:Bezirk.
988:); only
755:Frankish
751:Germanic
723:and the
681:Prussian
553:. After
532:Frankish
208:The Left
197:The Left
126:11°3′7″E
7742:Rhenish
7737:Bavaria
7598:Hamburg
7558:Waldeck
7535:Prussia
7500:Bavaria
7372:Bavaria
7128:Hamburg
7024:Bavaria
6898:Tourism
6641:16 June
6579:27 June
6511:21 July
6461:31 July
6216:Bauhaus
6202:Bauhaus
6192:Bauhaus
6182:Bauhaus
6163:Bauhaus
6153:Bauhaus
6123:Bauhaus
5679:Ilmenau
5618:Bauhaus
5599:). The
5545:or the
5441:biomass
5429:lignite
5384:Zwickau
5308:Dresden
5256:Leipzig
5192:Leipzig
5132:Ilmenau
5120:Bavaria
5099:Dresden
4939:skyline
4923:Oberhof
4858:Oberhof
4836:Tourism
4644:Austria
4640:Bavaria
4604:uranium
4548:lignite
4544:Ilmenau
4525:Ohrdruf
4473:wines.
4369:Economy
4217:Results
3749:(Grüne)
3693:180,207
3684:157,641
3650:190,448
3625:397,927
3616:285,141
3591:408,011
3582:396,704
3359:around
3314:
3299:
3284:
3272:percent
3226:31,101
3191:35,799
3156:36,395
3123:41,970
3088:40,969
3053:45,273
3018:65,098
2985:92,126
2858:−10,213
2825:−25,644
2814:−16,641
2783:Austria
2759:Romania
2730:Bavaria
2682:Ilmenau
2625:Vietnam
2527:10,950
2506:14,195
2499:Romania
2485:14,780
2464:22,055
2443:34,180
2436:Ukraine
1897:unified
1852:Hainich
1828:Uranium
1812:Hainich
1713:(1.24)
1708:(1.48)
1703:(1.45)
1698:(1.59)
1693:(2.08)
1688:(2.46)
1683:(2.39)
1678:(2.16)
1673:(1.59)
1668:(1.40)
1663:(0.94)
1658:(0.97)
1644:(39.7)
1639:(29.3)
1634:(33.6)
1629:(41.2)
1624:(48.4)
1619:(53.6)
1614:(53.8)
1609:(50.4)
1604:(44.8)
1599:(37.0)
1594:(32.5)
1589:(26.8)
1584:(26.4)
1574:(54.3)
1569:(38.1)
1564:(43.5)
1559:(54.9)
1554:(64.9)
1549:(72.9)
1544:(72.5)
1539:(68.2)
1534:(63.5)
1529:(54.0)
1524:(46.0)
1519:(37.8)
1514:(36.0)
1447:Oberhof
1430:Climate
1406:of the
1361:Unstrut
1321:Loquitz
1277:Hainich
1229:Unstrut
1192:at the
1176:Bavaria
1140:Leipzig
1122:Bezirke
1103:Ostheim
1070:with a
1060:Landtag
1051:Landtag
1022:Landtag
1007:Landtag
994:Bavaria
731:History
677:Wettins
644:today.
642:Galicia
489:Oberhof
472:of the
437:Bavaria
388:Website
281:Demonym
161:Capital
155:Germany
151:Country
7633:Coburg
7620:Ernest
7603:Lübeck
7593:Bremen
7540:Saxony
7490:Anhalt
7483:States
7417:Saxony
7382:Bremen
7246:Weimar
7226:Erfurt
7122:Bremen
7116:Berlin
7072:Saxony
7011:States
6947:22 May
6930:22 May
6915:Curlie
6437:"Upps"
6374:German
6243:comets
6132:Erfurt
5936:Erfurt
5874:O.P. (
5687:Weimar
5683:Erfurt
5625:Erfurt
5551:Abitur
5496:Erfurt
5482:Health
5455:: the
5366:, the
5358:, the
5350:, the
5342:, the
5316:Munich
5312:Berlin
5280:Kassel
5264:Erfurt
5260:Weimar
5103:Saxony
5087:Weimar
5083:Erfurt
5063:Munich
5055:Berlin
4956:Erfurt
4937:Erfurt
4895:Weimar
4660:Erfurt
4616:Wismut
4560:potash
4502:) and
4496:Schott
4455:Weimar
4362:Weimar
4338:Erfurt
4183:100.00
4175:100.00
4157:29,704
4149:10,354
4105:100.00
4096:100.00
4034:(MLPD)
3854:12,113
3851:(APfT)
3829:18,706
3820:13,582
3795:33,405
3786:15,371
3761:19,092
3752:38,289
3727:92,510
3718:73,088
3659:28,478
3501:Greens
3385:Erfurt
3229:−1.27
3194:−0.38
3159:−1.68
3126:−0.12
3091:−0.35
3056:−0.05
3021:+0.35
3011:Weimar
2988:−0.55
2955:+0.47
2922:+0.68
2912:Erfurt
2903:Image
2836:26,854
2803:17,008
2775:Kosovo
2767:Serbia
2755:Poland
2742:Berlin
2734:Saxony
2726:Weimar
2710:Erfurt
2678:Weimar
2670:Erfurt
2632:4,040
2622:
2611:4,715
2601:
2590:5,240
2580:
2569:5,260
2562:Turkey
2559:
2548:5,305
2541:Russia
2538:
2517:
2503:13,475
2496:
2482:14,255
2478:Poland
2475:
2461:16,435
2454:
2440:32,150
2433:
1997:+35.7%
1986:+24.4%
1975:+21.1%
1964:+22.4%
1913:Erfurt
1895:, who
1885:Slavic
1858:, the
1816:spruce
1465:Month
1458:Erfurt
1443:Artern
1412:Vogtei
1346:Pleiße
1344:along
1172:Saxony
1097:, and
1091:Erfurt
998:Weimar
918:; the
865:Erfurt
835:, and
824:, and
725:Forest
685:Erfurt
612:(1265)
579:Erfurt
519:, the
515:, the
507:, and
453:Saxony
451:, and
433:Weimar
421:Erfurt
415:states
372:(2018)
216:Greens
165:Erfurt
55:German
51:
7674:Reuss
7666:Reuss
7638:Gotha
7515:Lippe
7510:Hesse
7495:Baden
7387:Hesse
7277:Greiz
7272:Gotha
7036:Hesse
6315:Notes
5887:Gotha
5691:Gotha
5641:Gotha
5274:with
5268:Gotha
5252:Halle
5148:Halle
5142:with
5079:Gotha
5071:Hesse
4989:Gotha
4787:11.4
4784:11.2
4781:13.1
4778:15.6
4775:17.1
4772:16.7
4769:16.7
4766:15.9
4763:15.3
4760:15.4
4752:2023
4749:2022
4746:2021
4743:2020
4740:2019
4737:2018
4734:2017
4731:2016
4728:2015
4725:2014
4722:2013
4719:2012
4716:2011
4713:2010
4710:2009
4707:2008
4704:2007
4701:2006
4698:2005
4695:2004
4692:2003
4689:2002
4686:2001
4683:2000
4680:Year
4636:Hesse
4610:near
4584:Vacha
4554:near
4467:Saale
4358:(SHL)
4254:Greiz
4249:Gotha
4206:73.59
4198:73.59
4137:97.56
4129:99.15
4090:Total
4073:2,696
4065:Other
4037:1,342
4012:2,196
4003:2,389
4000:(ÖDP)
3969:3,718
3942:5,508
3915:5,722
3890:4,192
3881:6,780
3817:(FDP)
3715:(SPD)
3696:15.16
3687:13.05
3653:15.77
3647:(BSW)
3628:33.48
3619:23.61
3613:(CDU)
3594:34.33
3585:32.84
3579:(AfD)
3569:Seats
3563:Votes
3560:Seats
3554:Votes
3546:seats
3544:Total
3535:Party
3450:State
3397:Geisa
3393:Fulda
3361:Geisa
3303:20.8%
3288:71.6%
3049:Gotha
3044:Gotha
2888:City
2885:Rank
2847:8,636
2738:Hesse
2662:Turks
2658:Poles
2629:7,385
2587:5,320
2566:4,130
2545:4,340
2524:6,250
2457:Syria
2399:]
2381:+0.9%
2375:2022
2370:−0.5%
2364:2021
2359:−0.6%
2353:2020
2348:−0.5%
2342:2019
2337:−0.4%
2331:2018
2326:−0.3%
2320:2017
2315:−0.6%
2309:2016
2304:+0.6%
2298:2015
2293:−0.2%
2287:2014
2282:−0.4%
2276:2013
2271:−0.5%
2265:2012
2260:−2.4%
2254:2011
2249:−0.7%
2243:2010
2238:−0.8%
2232:2009
2227:−0.9%
2221:2008
2216:−0.9%
2210:2007
2205:−1.0%
2199:2006
2194:−0.9%
2188:2005
2183:−0.8%
2177:2004
2151:−0.8%
2145:2003
2140:−0.8%
2134:2002
2129:−0.8%
2123:2001
2118:−0.7%
2112:2000
2107:−0.6%
2101:1999
2096:−0.6%
2090:1998
2085:−0.5%
2079:1997
2074:−0.5%
2068:1996
2063:−0.6%
2057:1995
2052:−7.5%
2046:1994
2041:−0.3%
2035:1988
2030:−1.0%
2024:1980
2019:+0.8%
2013:1970
2008:−6.6%
2002:1960
1991:1950
1980:1910
1969:1890
1958:1864
1947:1834
1889:Saale
1836:Werra
1808:beech
1765:95.1
1744:10.0
1716:501.5
1504:Year
1381:Rhine
1373:Weser
1369:Werra
1353:Saale
1317:Saale
1305:Werra
1257:Finne
1221:Leine
1213:Helme
1180:Hesse
934:were
774:Hesse
669:Werra
463:Saale
441:Hesse
375:0.928
354:DE-TH
338:UTC+2
317:UTC+1
68:State
7241:Suhl
7236:Jena
7231:Gera
6949:2010
6932:2010
6862:2018
6832:2024
6806:2020
6749:2024
6709:2024
6677:2021
6643:2018
6603:2013
6581:2024
6537:2014
6513:2021
6488:2018
6463:2023
6245:and
6225:Gera
5696:Jena
5689:and
5675:Jena
5629:Jena
5557:and
5494:and
5492:Jena
5447:and
5439:and
5412:and
5386:and
5338:and
5290:and
5288:Jena
5278:and
5270:and
5258:via
5254:and
5232:B281
5230:and
5222:and
5204:B247
5186:and
5182:via
5146:and
5128:Suhl
5122:via
5095:Gera
5093:and
5091:Jena
5073:via
4829:5.9
4826:5.3
4823:5.6
4820:6.0
4817:5.3
4814:5.5
4811:6.1
4808:6.7
4805:7.4
4802:7.8
4799:8.2
4796:8.5
4793:8.8
4790:9.8
4666:and
4664:Jena
4646:and
4638:and
4612:Gera
4586:and
4542:and
4540:Suhl
4523:and
4512:Opel
4498:and
4488:Jena
4465:and
4459:Jena
4457:and
4430:and
4383:Jena
4377:The
4364:(WE)
4356:Suhl
4350:Jena
4344:Gera
4340:(EF)
4160:2.44
4152:0.85
4076:0.23
4049:0.05
4040:0.11
4015:0.18
4006:0.20
3981:0.04
3972:0.31
3945:0.46
3939:(BD)
3918:0.47
3893:0.35
3884:0.56
3878:(WU)
3857:1.00
3832:1.57
3823:1.12
3798:2.81
3789:1.27
3783:(FW)
3764:1.61
3755:3.17
3730:7.78
3721:6.05
3662:2.40
3495:The
3470:.
3349:Gera
3318:7.6%
3278:None
3149:Suhl
2978:Gera
2945:Jena
2900:CoA
2872:and
2748:and
2740:and
2718:Jena
2714:Gera
2700:The
2680:and
2674:Jena
2604:Iraq
2166:Pop.
2162:Year
1936:Pop.
1932:Year
1917:Jena
1915:and
1883:and
1820:pine
1762:7.6
1759:7.8
1756:6.9
1753:7.4
1750:8.3
1747:8.7
1741:8.5
1738:7.9
1735:8.3
1732:6.7
1729:7.0
1711:31.5
1706:37.5
1701:36.8
1696:40.5
1691:52.8
1686:62.5
1681:60.8
1676:54.8
1671:40.3
1666:35.5
1661:23.8
1656:24.7
1637:−1.5
1617:12.0
1612:12.1
1607:10.2
1587:−2.9
1582:−3.1
1572:12.4
1557:12.7
1552:18.3
1547:22.7
1542:22.5
1537:20.1
1532:17.5
1527:12.2
1501:Dec
1498:Nov
1495:Oct
1492:Sep
1489:Aug
1486:Jul
1483:Jun
1480:May
1477:Apr
1474:Mar
1471:Feb
1468:Jan
1402:The
1377:Main
1357:Elbe
1319:and
1283:and
1275:and
1201:Harz
1178:and
1132:Suhl
1130:and
1128:Gera
1020:six
962:and
788:and
739:and
710:and
698:The
691:and
657:Harz
638:Huns
587:Gera
585:and
583:Suhl
530:The
474:Elbe
468:, a
431:and
429:Gera
425:Jena
342:CEST
246:Area
85:Flag
6966:at
6913:at
5948:) (
5908:in
5834:at
5523:GDR
5388:Hof
5382:to
5314:to
5300:ICE
5294:to
5228:B88
5216:B19
5190:to
5178:in
5172:A38
5164:A73
5150:in
5118:in
5112:A71
5101:in
5097:to
5069:in
5040:GDR
4954:in
4893:in
4860:or
4596:K+S
4508:BMW
4463:Ilm
4352:(J)
4346:(G)
4233:):
4046:617
3978:449
3705:–17
3671:+15
3603:+10
3549:+/–
3336:GDR
3213:10
1840:K+S
1642:4.3
1632:0.9
1627:5.1
1622:9.1
1602:7.1
1597:2.8
1592:0.3
1567:3.4
1562:6.4
1522:7.8
1517:3.2
1512:2.2
1365:Ilm
1340:or
1233:Dün
620:or
561:in
413:16
401:Map
370:HDI
364:DEG
331:DST
321:CET
290:GDP
212:SPD
7764::
7362:)
6848:.
6822:.
6796:.
6785:^
6775:.
6739:.
6693:.
6634:.
6571:.
6504:.
6479:.
6453:.
6426:^
6376::
6367:;
6354:dʒ
6241:,
5876:c.
5750:)
5698:.
5620:.
5463:.
5408:,
5304:IC
5266:,
5262:,
5134:,
5130:,
5126:,
5089:,
5085:,
5081:,
5077:,
4987:,
4856:,
4662:,
4538:,
4519:,
4494:,
4426:,
4114:–2
4111:88
4108:44
4099:44
3841:–5
3773:–5
3739:–2
3702:12
3668:15
3656:15
3637:+2
3634:23
3631:11
3622:12
3600:32
3597:29
3178:9
3145:8
3110:7
3075:6
3040:5
3007:4
2974:3
2941:2
2908:1
2736:,
2732:,
2676:,
2672:,
2397:de
2171:±%
1941:±%
1866:.
1426:.
1363:,
1271:,
1267:,
1263:,
1259:,
1255:,
1251:,
1247:,
1243:,
1239:,
1235:,
1182:.
1174:,
1170:,
1166:,
1134:.
1093:,
1018:,
966:.
954:,
950:,
946:,
942:,
938:,
828:.
820:,
816:,
812:,
808:,
804:,
687:,
581:,
527:.
503:,
476:.
447:,
443:,
439:,
427:,
380:·
214:/
210:/
7467:e
7460:t
7453:v
7358:(
7192:e
7185:t
7178:v
6996:e
6989:t
6982:v
6951:.
6934:.
6878:.
6864:.
6834:.
6808:.
6751:.
6711:.
6679:.
6645:.
6605:.
6583:.
6539:.
6515:.
6490:.
6465:.
6439:.
6363:/
6360:ə
6357:i
6351:n
6348:ɪ
6345:r
6342:ˈ
6339:ə
6336:θ
6333:/
6253:.
6227:)
5954:)
5302:/
5238:/
4085:–
4082:0
4079:0
4070:0
4058:–
4055:0
4052:0
4043:0
4024:–
4021:0
4018:0
4009:0
3990:–
3987:0
3984:0
3975:0
3956:–
3953:0
3948:0
3929:–
3926:0
3921:0
3902:–
3899:0
3896:0
3887:0
3868:–
3865:0
3860:0
3838:0
3835:0
3826:0
3807:–
3804:0
3801:0
3792:0
3770:0
3767:0
3758:0
3736:6
3733:0
3724:6
3699:4
3690:8
3665:0
3588:3
3566:%
3557:%
3379:(
2773:/
2769:/
2608:-
743:.
344:)
340:(
333:)
323:)
319:(
199:)
195:(
57:)
53:(
32:.
25:.
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