2022 Kazakh unrest

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Nursultan Nazarbayev, to share their wealth to the people. Tokayev told parliament, "Thanks to Nazarbayev, a group of very profitable companies emerged in the country as well as a group of people wealthy even by international standards, I think it is time they pay their dues to the people of Kazakhstan and help them on a systemic and regular basis." He went on to say that the financial system is dominated by large business groups, "based on the principle 'everything for friends, and laws for everyone else'". He spoke of initiatives to narrow the wealth gap, raise taxes on the mining sector, and eliminate irregularities in state procurement and areas where associates of Nazarbayev have business interests.

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5,000 had been arrested for questioning as part of 125 separate investigations into the unrest. The Interior Ministry reported more than 2,200 people sought treatment for injuries from the protests, and about 1,300 security officers were injured. The office of Kazakhstan's president said that in total 5,800 people had been detained. The health ministry said in total 164 people, including two children, had been killed. It also specified that 103 people had died in Kazakhstan's largest city, Almaty. Interior Minister Erlan Turgumbayev held a press conference, saying, "Today the situation is stabilised in all regions of the country

3209: 2611: 2433:, with the organization citing the Collective Security Treaty's Article 4, which states "In the case of aggression (an armed attack threatening safety, stability, territorial integrity and sovereignty) against any Member States, all other Member States at the request of this Member State shall immediately provide the latter with the necessary aid, including military". Pashinyan said that the CSTO was to be deployed due to "the threats to national security and sovereignty to the Republic of Kazakhstan, including from external interference". A 3043: 2594: 2895: 3223: 3260:: On 7 January, NATO's Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Political Affairs & Security Policy and Special Representative for the Caucasus & Central Asia, Javier Colomina, said on Twitter: "NATO shares the serious concern over the situation in Kazakhstan, including reports of casualties. We call on all parties to exercise restraint, refrain from violence, and pursue dialogue. Authorities must respect international human rights obligations, including the right to peaceful protest". 3060: 3084: 2030: 1803: 2877: 3007: 3306: 2507: 2939: 3107: 2952: 2752: 2547: 826: 717: 692: 589: 461: 449: 437: 425: 412: 361: 345: 539: 519: 499: 2799: 2775: 2816: 2123: 1746: 3141: 3025: 2683: 2565: 2525: 742: 667: 2829: 2043:, Kazakhstan's counterintelligence and anti-terrorism agency, said that the situation in the country had "stabilized and is under control." Tokayev called the protests a "coup attempt." The government also stated that "foreign-trained Islamist radicals" were among those who had attacked government buildings and security forces in the last week and that police had then detained almost 8,000 people to bring the situation under control. 2970: 2922: 3196: 2665: 559: 480: 3253: 2739: 2851: 2644: 630: 2701: 53: 5134: 1629:

square during the demonstration, did not intervene. Mangystau akim Nurlan Nogaev and Zhanaozen akim Maksat Ibagarov as well as Kazakh Gas Processing Plant director Nakbergen Tulepov arrived at the square and pledged for the gas prices to be reduced down to 85–90 tenge, which failed to please the demonstrators. Nogaev and his subordinates were forced to flee the square by the angry crowd.

2396: 82: 2541:. "The people of any country must choose their own government; no other country has the right to interfere in its internal affairs. Today, the Armenian armed forces have a mission to protect the borders of our country. We condemn the short-sighted and irresponsible actions of the Armenian government." a coalition of Armenian NGOs said in a statement. 1620:, and Zhanaozen akim Maksat Ibagarov to take measures in stabilising prices and preventing fuel shortages. The residents were met with acting Zhanaozen akim Galym Baijanov who advised the crowd to write a complaint letter to the city administration in which the protestors recalled that their complaints were supposedly ignored by the city officials. 3203:: On 5 January 2022, the EU issued a statement saying: "We call on all concerned to act with responsibility and restraint and to refrain from actions that could lead to further escalation of violence. While recognising the right to peaceful demonstration, the European Union expects that they remain non-violent and avoid any incitement to violence". 1942:

the nation, he said, "We hear calls from abroad for the parties to negotiate to find a peaceful solution to the problems, this is just nonsense. What negotiations can there be with criminals and murderers? They need to be destroyed and this will be done." He went on to thank Russia for sending troops to help establish order.

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stated that more than 70 planes were flying, around the clock, to bring Russian troops into Kazakhstan and that they were helping to control Almaty's main airport. According to several Russian media sources, former president Nursultan Nazarbayev had left the country with his three daughters and their

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In the late afternoon, President Tokayev announced a nationwide state of emergency until 19 January. This would include a curfew from 23:00 to 07:00, temporary restrictions on movement, and a ban on mass gatherings. During a televised address, Tokayev threatened to crackdown on protesters, stating "I

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had instructed the government to consider the situation in Mangystau Region by "taking into account economic feasibility in the legal field". He also called on demonstrators to not disturb public order, reminding that Kazakh citizens have the right to publicly express their voice to local and central

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called on a "civilized dialogue within a legal framework" to prevent a "further escalation of the situation", hoping for Kazakhstan to resolve the current crisis "independently and without outside interference" while positioning Kyrgyzstan as strategic partner by conforming its readiness to "provide

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had been attempted, as signs of a significant shift of power within the Kazakh political elites from Nazarbayev to Tokayev. She considered the claims of an attempted coup d'état to be credible. Other analysts dispute this, as no details were provided upon Massimov's arrest on what actions could have

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Dozens of protesters and at least 12 police officers were killed with one police officer who was found beheaded. Witnesses in Almaty described scenes of chaos with government buildings stormed or set on fire and widespread looting. The interior ministry said 2,298 people had been arrested during the

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resulted in cancelled and rerouted flights. The government reported protesters seizing five planes. Two Kazakh army soldiers were reported killed attempting to retake the Almaty airport. Russian state-run media reported that protesters also attacked President Tokayev's home with rifles and grenades,

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made a video address to the residents, asserting that the situation in the city had been brought under control. From there, he accused of "provocateurs from within and outside" being behind in destabilization and extremist actions and urged people not to succumb to "provocations and lawlessness". In

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and Almaty from 5 January 01:30 local time to 19 January 00:00 local time. According to Tokayev, all legitimate demands of protesters will be considered. A special commission, after meeting with protesters, agreed to lower the LPG price to 50 tenges ($ 0.11) per litre. Internet watchdog organization

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called the events "alarming" and that it would continue monitoring the development of the situation with a written statement saying "We are convinced that the wise people of Kazakhstan will be able to prevent the escalation of instability, avoid violence and human casualties" and that the people of

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in a video briefing stated that violent protesters need to be held accountable and concerns over human rights have "no place" when it comes to restoring order, saying that "Destabilization efforts or coups are completely opposed to Hungary's security interests" and that "Hungary supports efforts to

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before being ousted by Tokayev, was responsible for orchestrating much of the violence. Galym Ageleulov, a human rights activist in Almaty, stated that the violence only started in Almaty when a crowd that was "clearly organized by crime group marauders" started the march to the City Hall, while at

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for the encampment. By evening, an estimated 6,000 demonstrators were at the square, demanding reductions in the cost of gas as well as the resignation of the government. They were joined by other groups of supporters reportedly from neighbouring regions and cities across Kazakhstan. Mangystau akim

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Hundreds of Zhanaozen residents gathered and camped in the city square overnight. As other residents joined the crowd by the afternoon, an estimated 1,000 people were at the square, chanting and demanding direct elections of local leaders. The police officers, while standing at the perimeter of the

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called on all sides in Kazakhstan to refrain from violence and to seek a peaceful resolution to their grievances following mass unrest after days of demonstrations. In a statement, Bachelet said: "People have the right to peaceful protest and freedom of expression. At the same time, protesters, no

2746:: Foreign Ministry spokesperson Saeed Khatibzadeh stated, "We believe that the wise government and nation of the friendly, brotherly and neighborly country can resolve their problems and disputes peacefully and through dialog, without foreign interference and based on their own national interests." 1941:

Tokayev said in a statement, "Constitutional order has largely been restored in all regions of the country." He also announced that he had ordered troops to shoot without warning at anyone protesting, calling protesters 'bandits and terrorists' and saying use of force will continue. In a speech to

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stated that the most effective and efficient mechanism for preventing the escalating danger and avoiding new disasters was the entry of the CSTO peacekeeping forces into Kazakhstan. He added that extremist groups and formations are behind the plans on destabilizing the situation. According to the

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on January 6 expressed concerns over violence, seizure of government buildings and looting as well as emergence of armed groups sharing support to the Kazakh government in attempts at stabilizing the situation and that the "wise people of Kazakhstan and their leadership will put an end to acts of

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stated that it was closely following the unrest in Kazakhstan since its inception. It also declared that it had been in contact with the around 100 Romanian citizens in the country and that the personnel of the Romanian embassy in Astana were not in danger, and called for a peaceful and inclusive

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spokesperson Fazilrabi Zahin published a statement saying the administration is "closely monitoring the situation in Kazakhstan and, as a close neighbor and economic partner state, is concerned about the recent unrest." The ministry also "urges both the government and protestors to resolve issues

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In a speech to parliament regarding the past days, Tokayev promised reform and acknowledged public discontent over income inequality and criticized Nazarbayev and his associates due to their wealth. He said the public discontent was justified and that he wanted associates of the former president,

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On 11 January, in a speech to an online meeting of the CSTO military alliance by video link, Tokayev said that order had now been restored in Kazakhstan and called the protests over. He announced that the CSTO had completed its mission in Kazakhstan and would begin withdrawing from the country on

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expressed deep condolences to President Tokayev and the Kazakh citizens in connection with the numerous victims and serious injuries among the servicemen and the population, as well as significant damage as a result in the aftermath of the conflict. On 11 January, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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expressed that China and Kazakhstan shared friendly relations and are strategic partners and "hopes for early restoration of public order" in Kazakhstan and also reiterated that the matter is an "interior affair of Kazakhstan" and believes in the ability of the "Kazakh authorities to resolve the

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said: "Peacekeeping forces of the Collective Security Treaty Organization were sent to the Republic of Kazakhstan for a limited time to stabilize and normalize the situation." She confirmed armed forces of Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan were sent to Kazakhstan as part of the

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On 9 January, the interior ministry, said initial estimates put property damage at about 175 million euros, adding that more than 100 businesses and banks had been attacked and looted and about 400 vehicles destroyed. The ministry confirmed that more than 160 people had been killed and more than

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By around late evening, chaos had broken out in Almaty as large numbers of riot police began to arrive as automatic gunshots were being heard throughout the city with armed demonstrators and security forces exchanging fire while residents were urged to stay away from the streets by loudspeakers.

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which was cordoned off by the police. From there, clashes broke out between both parties with the security forces using stun grenades and tear gas to disperse the protesters who in-turn vandalized police cars and setting some of them ablaze. Armoured military vehicles were spotted throughout the

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The Kazakh government announced that seven additional policemen had been killed in Almaty. Levan Kogeashvili, a 22-year-old Israeli national was shot and killed while driving to work in Almaty. The Israeli Foreign Ministry stated that he had been residing in Kazakhstan for several years and his

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Sergey Khestanov, macroeconomic adviser to the general director of Otkritie-Broker, claimed that the massive protests weren't caused directly due to economic factors, suggesting Kazakhstan's high standard of living within the former Soviet Union comparably to Russia and that the average age in

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per litre would be restored for six months. On 7 January, he said in a statement that constitutional order had "largely been restored in all regions of the country." He also announced that he had ordered troops to use lethal force against protesters, authorizing instructions to "shoot to kill"

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Currently chairing at CSTO, Armenia started consultations among CSTO member countries and sent 100 soldiers to peacekeeping mission, citing protection of water source and one of the largest bread factories as the main aims of its deployed troops. However, Armenians took dim view of Armenia's

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called on demonstrators to negotiate with President Tokayev who called him as "a decent person, a diplomat" and "very intelligent and educated man", telling "It's a lesson for us. One more lesson. In the sense that we now understand what could have happened to us." State Secretary of the

1343:, Tokayev promised reform and acknowledged public discontent over income inequality and criticized Nazarbayev and his associates over their wealth. The same day, international flights were resumed to and from the country's capital, Astana. He also nominated a new prime minister that day, 2197:, Eugene Chausovsky wrote that "Tokayev felt the need to get CSTO assistance in order to secure strategic sites and installations, including government buildings and airports in key cities such as Almaty, while Kazakh security forces could focus on handling the demonstrators directly." 2676:

spokesman Christofer Burger said that the officials were looking into the reports of Tokayev's shooting order, telling "it must be said very clearly that a use of lethal force, of live ammunition against civilians can only be a very last resort, particularly if military forces are

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that the violence in Almaty was "all artificially organized by people who really had power in their hands," as a proxy for a power struggle between Tokayev and former president Nazarbayev. Kislov claimed that Nazarbayev's nephew Samat Abish, who was previously deputy head of the

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in a letter to Tokayev expressed deep condolences in response to high casualties and injuries resulting from the days of violent unrest. Berdimuhamedow expressed sympathy and support to the families and relatives of the victims, as well as wishes for quick recovery to the

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after meeting with Kazakh officials on 19 January said, "When the 'well-known events' began in Kazakhstan, we were in touch with our colleagues, wishing them good luck and strength. And we were absolutely sure that the people of Kazakhstan would choose the right path of

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spokesperson Arindam Bagchi stated that events in Kazakhstan were being closely followed, and extended "deepest condolences to families of innocent victims who have lost lives in the violence". The statement hoped for "an early stabilization of the situation". The

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became Kazakhstan's first president after the dissolution, ruling the country from 1990 to 2019. During this time, international observers did not recognize any of the elections in Kazakhstan as being free or fair, with Nazarbayev ruling the nation through

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issued statement to which it condemned violence and expressed condolences with the deaths and urged for the conflict to de-escalate and foreign deployed CSTO troops to respect sovereignty of Kazakhstan and not to maintain presence beyond the declared time

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families. It was not immediately clear where Nazarbayev had gone, but some sources claimed he had left due to poor health. At the same time, only two of his relatives remained in Kazakhstan, and one (his nephew Samat Abiš) was detained by authorities.

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stated that "any disruption in Kazakhstan could of course be a significant catalyst in the uranium market. If nothing else, it's a reminder for utilities that an over-reliance on any one source of supply is risky." The internet blackout also impacted

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Dossym Satpaev, a Kazakh political analyst, said that the Kazakh government would mainly use force to respond to protests, stating: "The authorities are trying everything to calm things down, with a mix of promises and threats, but so far it's not

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observed that such protests were unsettling for the Russian government, with Dubnov saying: "There is no doubt that the Kremlin would not want to see an example of such a regime beginning to talk to the opposition and conceding to their demands."

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expressed concern about the reports of casualties, numerous cases of looting and pogroms, and other cases of violence. Japarov later expressed condolences to President Tokayev and the Kazakh people, wishing for "stability, unity, peace and

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visited the rally, reminding the crowd that the Kazakh government had reduced the price of gas and that the Agency for the Protection and Development of Competition had launched an antitrust probe into gas suppliers for a suspected

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correspondent reported thousands of protesters pressing ahead towards Almaty city centre after security forces failed to disperse them with tear gas and stun grenades. Later on the same day, Tokayev announced that former president

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violence in the shortest possible time through dialogue." That same day, the Ministry issued a travel warning as well as guidelines towards Tajik citizens in Kazakhstan "to exercise maximum vigilance and avoid crowded places."

2946:: Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed hope for the restoration of peace in Kazakhstan and that South Korea will closely monitor political situations and take measures for the safety for its nationals residing in the country. 2300:

Craig Erlam, senior market analyst at OANDA, suggested that further oil production outages during protests could impact global oil prices by reaching the October 2021 peak and possibly three-digit prices as well. According to

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resigned the same day, and Nazarbayev himself was also removed from his position of chairman of the Security Council. The state of emergency was shortly extended to the whole country. In response to Tokayev's request, the

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fired into protesters which resulted in the death of at least one individual. The government reported on 5 January that eight law enforcement personnel were killed and 317 were wounded. A report carried by the French

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It is important to understand that protesters are never a unified mass. It is not that a single group or political party took to the streets. In all the regions where the protests took place, it was a mixed group of

2588:. He called on the Belarusian military personnel to be deployed in Kazakhstan "to provide assistance to the fraternal people of Kazakhstan, prevent the situation from aggravating and send peacekeeping forces there." 1906:

Protestors remained in the Aktau town square on 6 January. Six thousand people protested in the centre of Zhanaozen. The akim of Zhanoazen, Maksat Ibagarov, stated that "none of the local activists be persecuted".

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had expressed condolences on 10 January "to the families and loved ones of people who lost their lives in a number of regions of the country, brotherly Kazakh people. We wish Kazakhstan peace, stability, peace and

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Kazakhstan "have the necessary determination and will to preserve unity, restore peace and tranquility in the country and independently overcome the problems that have arisen." In a 10 January letter, President

2103:. On 6 January, dozens of protestors were killed during an operation, while the number of security forces killed rose to 18. According to local authorities, two of the security officers were found decapitated. 2066:

claimed victory in defending Kazakhstan from what he described as a "foreign-backed terrorist uprising", and promised leaders of other ex-Soviet states that a Moscow-led alliance (CSTO) would protect them too.

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questioned Kazakhstan's decision to seek CSTO's military assistance, saying that "one lesson of recent history is that once Russians are in your house, it's sometimes very difficult to get them to leave".

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claimed victory on 10 January in defending Kazakhstan from what he described as a "foreign-backed terrorist uprising", promising regional allies that a Moscow-led alliance (CSTO) would protect them from

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On 10 January, the government declared a day of mourning for the victims of the protests. Kazakhstan's Interior Ministry reported that a total of 7,939 people have been detained across the country. The

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that led to 16 deaths and 100 injuries according to official numbers. Kazakh security forces opened fire on protestors who demanded better working conditions. During that time, the price for a litre of

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Kazakhstan being relatively young leads to higher social activity, which played role in fueling discontent due to "a sufficiently long, stable and powerful economic growth" being "sharply inhibited".

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In Almaty, as the protesters had reached the Republic Square again, the offices of the city mayor were stormed and set aflame. Locations that stored firearms were captured by protesters including the

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documented significant internet disruptions with "high impact to mobile services" that were likely to limit the public's ability to express political discontent. People also started protesting in

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in Kazakhstan, but nobody knows how the income is spent". Following various international banking scandals, wealthy Kazakhs emigrated to foreign countries, especially the United Kingdom. In 2018,

1263:, also influenced larger demonstrations. As there were no unified opposition groups against the Kazakh government, the unrest appeared to be assembled directly by citizens. In response, President 7932: 5712: 5196: 4334: 2293:

operations, with the global cryptocurrency computational capacity (hashrate) dropping by 12 per cent. Prior to the protests, Kazakhstan accounted for around 18 per cent of global hashrate for

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said the United Nations had complained to Kazakhstan's diplomatic outpost in New York about the apparent use of United Nations peacekeeping equipment and said the issue "had been addressed".

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On 11 January, Tokayev announced that the CSTO had completed its mission in Kazakhstan and would begin withdrawing from the country on January 13; they were fully withdrawn by 19 January.

2214:. Lillis saw this as a significant change from Tokayev's earlier promises of liberalising the political situation and consulting civil society. She interpreted the dismissal and arrest of 6836: 4555: 7295: 6188: 4487: 4388: 2337:, who is the chairman of the board of directors of the fintech company Kaspi Bank. In two days, its shares fell by 30%, from $ 188 as of 4 January to $ 87 on 6 January; according to 2472:

reported that President Lukashenko "discussed in detail the state of affairs in Kazakhstan" via phone with former president and chair of Security Council of Kazakhstan, Nazarbayev.

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spite of Sagintayev's remarks, explosions of stun grenades were continued to be heard throughout Almaty in early morning with protesters setting up barricades and clashing with the

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during phone call with President Tokayev on 10 January "expressed his confidence in the ability of the Kazakhstan government and people to overcome this difficult period quickly."

2823:: The Foreign Ministry of Pakistan formed 'help desks' within its embassies in Almaty and Astana in an attempt to facilitate Pakistanis in Kazakhstan requiring emergency services. 2619: 2374:

on 7 January 2022: "I see myself as the leader of the opposition". Ablyazov also stated that the West should remove Kazakhstan from Russian influence to prevent Russian President

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Various state-media agency buildings stationed in Almaty were burnt down and looting had taken place in which grocery stores, banks, ATMs, and shopping centers were targeted.

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issued a statement saying it was "closely monitoring the unrest". It called for "restraint and de-escalation" and that the situation be resolved "quickly and peacefully".

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Kazakhstan's Interior Ministry issued a statement saying: "Employees of the Almaty police department have launched a mop-up operation in the streets of Karasay-batyr and

5663: 1339:. He also announced that CSTO troops would begin withdrawing from the country on 13 January, and they were fully withdrawn by 20 January. In an 11 January speech to the 871: 6553: 5328: 5228: 2183:... There will be imitations of dialogue but essentially the regime will respond with force because they have no other tools." Political scientist Arkady Dubnov of the 9689: 7528: 42: 8582: 8369: 5686: 2933:

stated that in Kazakhstan there will be "hundreds or thousands of dead, a devastated country" and that "foreign services, various great powers, have also intervened".

8018: 7495: 6218: 5499: 881: 9456: 8630: 6994: 6029: 8061:"Overnight developments in Kazakhstan's uprising CSTO peacekeepers have been deployed, and an 'antiterrorist operation' is underway against protesters and rioters" 6084: 8343: 5756: 6917: 6310: 4454: 2584:

on 6 January described the Kazakh unrest as an "external hybrid threat" that aims to destroy a legitimate government via unconstitutional methods similarly to a

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wider CSTO effort. According to CSTO, its armed forces are only authorised to participate in the protection of strategic infrastructure facilities, including

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of about 7,800 – including 5,300 students and some 1,000 construction workers – was reportedly safe. The violence erupted at a time when leaders of the five

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The Interior Ministry mentioned that security forces had detained over 9,900 people in connection with the protests. Tokayev nominated a new prime minister,

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In January 2020, a protest was held in Zhanaozen where city residents demanded a reduction in the price of gas that had risen from 55 to 65 tenge. As the

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Russia is reportedly sending 3,000 soldiers to Kazakhstan, Belarus some 500, Tajikistan 200, and Armenia 70, with Kyrgyzstan set to decide on January 7.

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On 5 January, authorities in Almaty reported that over 400 businesses were damaged from the protests and that 200 people had been arrested; police in

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0.24 per litre; US$ 1.06 per gallon), causing outrage amongst citizens. Further discontent with the former leader Nursultan Nazarbayev, the nation's

8657:"Президент Садыр Жапаров выразил соболезнования Президенту Казахстана Касым-Жоомарту Токаеву в связи с трагическими событиями в соседней республике" 8110: 7676: 7611: 5361: 9482: 9416: 7661: 2628: 2511: 1316:"instigated by foreign interference in allies' internal affairs". CSTO troops were initially deployed to government buildings in the capital city, 4258: 3699: 3001:(İYİ Party), in which they expressed support to the Kazakh government's reform agenda to further improve the well-being and welfare of the people. 1899:

3,000 Russian paratroopers arrived in Kazakhstan on the morning of 6 January, after president Tokayev made a formal request for assistance to the

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for those who died during the unrest. On 11 January, Tokayev said that order had been restored in Kazakhstan in what he described as an attempted

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member Leonid Kalashnikov stated that actions in relation to the protesters themselves were to be handled by local Kazakhstani law enforcement.

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all possible support to the brotherly Kazakhstan, if necessary." During a telephone conversion between leaders of CTSO on 5 January, President

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activist group, protestors wanted "real political reforms" and "fair elections", and were angry about "corruption and nepotism". According to

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Aims of the protests reported after the protests had started included calls for major political changes. According to Darkhan Sharipov of the

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without warning, calling the protesters "bandits and terrorists" and saying that the use of force would continue to "destroy the protests."

4478: 4378: 6869: 6116: 5246: 4582: 3839:...RA Armed Forces sent a peacekeeping subdivision to the Republic of Kazakhstan (100 servicemen) as part of the CSTO peacekeeping forces. 2297:, due to the fact that neighbouring China in 2021 banned the mining of cryptocurrencies and many of the cryptominers moved to Kazakhstan. 1252:. During the week-long violent unrest and crackdowns, 227 people were killed and over 9,900 were arrested, according to Kazakh officials. 9019: 7677:"Uranium and oil prices have spiked as Kazakhstan's political upheaval spurs fears about reduced production and supply chain disruption" 5998: 4750: 9664: 8605: 3157: 2743: 2533:

participation in CSTO mission to Kazakhstan, with many citizens objecting that the CSTO did not help Armenia when it asked for help in

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On 7 January, President Tokayev stated that the army and law enforcement agencies had been ordered "to shoot to kill without warning."

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on 18 January. On 16 March 2022, Tokayev delivered a State of the Nation Address to both chambers of Parliament in which he outlined a

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declared policy and his terminology, including "bandits and terrorists ... to be eliminated", as resembling that of Russian president

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reported that internet disruptions had intensified by 5:00 p.m. local time, leaving Kazakhstan in the "midst of a nation-scale

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resources within its territory. Despite such growth, none of the economic benefits were shared throughout the population, with the

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criticised Kazakhstan over photos showing military personnel wearing United Nations peacekeeper helmets. United Nations spokesman

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on 6 January called the events in Kazakhstan "worrying" and urged all parties "to show moderation and open a dialogue". President

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On 6 January, the CSTO agreed to intervene in Kazakhstan with a collective group of forces that it described as having the aim of

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Unrest in Kazakhstan caught international observers by surprise. President Tokayev began communications with President of Belarus

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stated "their confidence in the capacity of the Kazakh authorities to peacefully defuse tensions and reestablish calm and order."

3088: 2419: 1900: 1281: 377: 288: 112: 9067: 8310: 7739: 7694: 7576: 4185: 3931:"В Атырау и Уральске сотни человек вышли на митинги в поддержку протестующих в Мангистау - Аналитический интернет-журнал Vласть" 3852:"Протесты против повышения цены на топливо в Казахстане переросли в столкновения с полицией. Власти начали блокировать интернет" 7550: 7325: 5620: 5522:"А. Мамин: Мемлекет басшысы Қ. К. Тоқаевтың тапсырмасы бойынша Үкімет Жаңаөзен қаласындағы жағдайға қатысты шаралар қабылдайды" 3075: 2986: 2807: 2783: 1093: 1088: 7048: 6416: 4134: 3651: 1685:; he urged the protestors to maintain public order and suggested that they hold a constructive dialogue with the authorities. 9694: 6545: 3033: 2837: 1828:

party were also set on fire. Atameken, Kazakhstan's business lobby group, reported attacks on banks, stores and restaurants.

1080: 9285: 7518: 6389: 5836: 9659: 8531: 6647: 6266: 3329: 2709: 2602: 2445: 2333:; the fortune of each co-owner is estimated at $ 3.1 billion. One of the most affected billionaires was Kazakh businessman 1718:

streets of Almaty during the night of unrest which videos on social media later showed them fleeing by chasing protesters.

1671:, a group of protestors showed up at the Yntymaq Square in front of the city administration building, setting up tents and 1070: 920: 730: 8060: 8010: 7485: 7386: 6210: 5888: 5491: 4721: 4109: 2810:

advised its citizens to not attend demonstrations and rallies and that it would continue to monitor the situation closely.

9448: 8734: 6021: 2255: 2146: 2009:

Kazakhstan authorities launched a countrywide antitrust investigation into 180 LNG sellers due to a suspected collusion.

755: 7765: 1976:

Armed militant patroller on the roof top of the Auezov District Department of Internal Affairs in Almaty, 8 January 2022

9644: 6783:"The Ministry of the Interior of Kazakhstan: 7 policemen were killed during a security operation in the city of Almaty" 6240: 1158: 1148: 1130: 8989: 6292: 4438: 2317:

During the protests and riot in Kazakhstan, the fortune of four local billionaires shrank by $ 3 billion according to

5819: 5598: 5466: 5397: 5299: 3344: 2484: 2411: 2165: 1888:. Measures are being taken to detain the violators. In total, some 2,000 people have been taken to police stations." 1664:

were closed off and security officers deployed. Other cities witnessed an increased police presence in public areas.

7868: 6059: 5945: 4510: 3967: 3064: 2659:

expressed his concern in regards with the deadly unrest, adding that he would continue in monitoring the situation.

998: 315: 6760: 6723: 2793:

is monitoring the developments closely. He also confirmed that 50 Malaysians in the country are in safe condition.

2422:(CSTO) to intervene against protesters that he described as "international terrorists". Prime Minister of Armenia 1850:, a statue of former leader Nazarbayev was pulled down and destroyed by demonstrators chanting "Old man, leave!". 1792: 1555:

Since 1 January 2022, according to Zhanaozen protesters, the price of LPG almost doubled, to 120 tenge per litre (

9674: 6864: 3744:"Commander of the Airborne Forces Serdyukov became the head of the CSTO peacekeepers in Kazakhstan. (In Russian)" 2982: 2363: 1956:, where protestors asked for a new government, more freedom for civil rights activists, and a return to the 1993 1364: 1248:, which saw its demonstrations turn into violent riots, fueled by rising dissatisfaction with the government and 954: 944: 655: 8229: 5425: 3900: 1308:

while some commentators described it as helping the Kazakh government in quelling the unrest. Russian President

9669: 7439: 5977:"Kazakhstan Reportedly Hit By Internet Blackout As Oil-Rich Nation Breaks Out In Rare Anti-Government Protests" 2714: 1784: 1517: 1260: 910: 209: 3773: 8177: 6434: 5738: 3334: 3239:

matter how angry or aggrieved they may be, should not resort to violence against others". On 10 January, the

3214: 1513: 1489: 680: 643: 618: 7988: 6498: 6150: 4212: 1688: 62: 8446: 8394: 2990: 2911: 2454: 2006:

announced that 4,404 people had been detained and at least 40 people had died as a result of the protests.

1945: 1820: 1768: 978: 949: 649: 612: 606: 298: 9068:"Міністерство закордонних справ України – Заява МЗС України щодо розвитку ситуації в Республіці Казахстан" 5426:""Акимов должен выбирать народ!" Протест в Жанаозене: от призывов снизить цены до политических требований" 3901:""Акимов должен выбирать народ!" Протест в Жанаозене: от призывов снизить цены до политических требований" 3826: 9699: 9639: 7595: 6670: 5351: 3051: 2881: 2578: 2469: 2244: 1866: 1178: 915: 9478: 7790: 7519:"Kazakhstan: Ex-security services chief and Nazarbayev ally arrested – Masimov faces charges of treason" 7209: 4004: 5555:"В Казахстане второй день продолжаются протесты из-за повышения цен на газ, задержаны более 20 человек" 4056: 3721: 3689: 3319: 3011: 2994: 2495: 2053:

committed suicide, at the age of 59, after a criminal case was opened against him during the protests.

1957: 1531:

and allow for the market instead to determine prices, resulting with increased LPG prices according to

1410: 905: 222: 7466: 7262:"Во время беспорядков в Казахстане погибли 8 полицейских и военных, 317 ранены. Новости. Первый канал" 6724:"Kazakhstan president gives shoot-to-kill order against protesters, dismissing calls for negotiations" 5156: 2537:, and pointing out at the irony of the Pashinyan's government itself coming to power as the result of 1312:

described the intervention as a concerted effort to protect regional allies from what he described as

6859: 3324: 3015: 2943: 2910:

called on Kazakh citizens to not destroy the state and compared the events with the beginning of the

2871:

and referenced other pro-democracy movements that toppled allied leaders in Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan.

2726: 1063: 1058: 900: 8115: 3175:

project, and that more than 20,000 militants arrived in Kazakhstan likely through the territory of

3111: 2956: 2756: 2538: 1426: 1340: 1332: 1105: 973: 365: 166: 9234:"Qozog'istondagi voqealar yuzasidan O'zbekiston Respublikasi Tashqi ishlar vazirligining bayonoti" 8806: 7100: 4528: 9530: 9342: 8834:"Радий Хабиров: Мы были абсолютно уверены, что народ Казахстана выберет правильный путь развития" 8761:"Ambasada României în Kazahstan a luat legătura cu cei 100 de români din țara marcată de revolte" 5554: 4980: 3589: 3532: 3475: 3428: 2321:. At the same time, the middle daughter and son-in-law of former President Nursultan Nazarbayev, 2100: 1927: 1831:

The interior ministry reported government buildings were also attacked in the southern cities of

1710: 1657: 1637:

government in "accordance with the law". A government commission headed by Deputy Prime Minister

1494: 1233: 1221: 1038: 305: 96: 5687:"Газ, шумовые гранаты и горящие авто. Протесты в Казахстане переросли в столкновения с полицией" 3078:, condemned the violence and said that the British government would be coordinating with allies. 2978: 2691: 2499:

Yerevan residents protesting against Armenian involvement in the CSTO intervention in Kazakhstan

1854:

plan to act as toughly as possible", and said that he had no intentions of fleeing the country.

9684: 9654: 9649: 9629: 9041:"The President of Turkmenistan has sent a letter of condolences to the President of Kazakhstan" 7740:"Kazakhstan's deadly protests hit bitcoin, as the world's second-biggest mining hub shuts down" 3408: 2820: 2803: 2779: 2673: 2349:

living in Kazakhstan, lost about $ 1.4 billion. The size of his fortune fell to $ 3.8 billion.

2184: 1460: 1188: 1010: 959: 238: 9312:"Artsakh President blames "pan-Turkist radicals" and "extremist groups" for Kazakhstan events" 2022:... the counterterror operation is continuing in a bid to re-establish order in the country". 6782: 3349: 3287: 3029: 2930: 2833: 2687: 2529: 2223: 1763: 1633: 1421:

listed corruption as the biggest problem in doing business in the country, while in 2005 the

1264: 1173: 1143: 1033: 416: 198: 5261:"Kazakhstan explainer: Why did fuel prices spike, bringing protesters out onto the streets?" 4477: 2141: 1914:

was arrested, per the official account, after being detained the previous day on 5 January.

3339: 3149: 3047: 2974: 2926: 2899: 2855: 2730: 2648: 2598: 2573: 2407: 2092: 1780: 1418: 1376: 1256: 523: 465: 205: 172: 5459:""Мы устали от сказок!" В Жанаозене протестующие прогнали с площади акима области Ногаева" 5102: 3244: 3124:

announced that Uzbek citizens will be evacuated from Kazakhstan by the nearest flights of

2634:

stated that "China opposes external forces that deliberately trigger unrest and incite a '

1934:

On 7 January, as a concession, President Tokayev said that the vehicle fuel price caps of

8: 9634: 9023: 8560: 6728: 3200: 3145: 2705: 2615: 2581: 2458: 2329:, lost $ 200 million. The couple controls the country's largest bank in terms of assets, 2302: 1874: 1819:

building and were shown to be distributed to others throughout the city. Protests at the

1414: 1397:

Through this period, Kazakhstan experienced one of the strongest performing economies in

1390: 1244:

and quickly spread to other cities in the country, especially the nation's largest city,

1155: 705: 155: 8527:"Official Spokesperson's response to media queries on recent developments in Kazakhstan" 6707:[Former ruler Nazarbayev and his daughters and their families left Kazakhstan]. 6705:"Kazachstán opustil bývalý vládce Nazarbajev i s dcerami a jejich rodinami – Novinky.cz" 6671:"Kazakhstan's President Says Security Forces Can 'Fire Without Warning' to Quell Unrest" 6638:"Residents Of Kazakhstan Continue To Come Out To Mass Rallies In Centres Of Their Towns" 5039:"Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Delivers State-of-the-Nation Address to the People of Kazakhstan" 8708: 8045: 6297: 5356: 3375: 3152: 3125: 3120: 2786: 2669: 2652: 2627:

issue properly". Wang hoped for a speedy stabilization of the situation. On 7 January,

2249: 1726: 1722: 1609: 1577: 1524: 1485: 1472: 1268: 1020: 988: 964: 939: 282: 258: 8111:"Chinese-led Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 'ready to act in Kazakhstan if needed'" 7288:"'Dozens' of Kazakhstan protesters killed by police in overnight, authorities confirm" 6918:"Gas price protests in Kazakhstan leave at least 40 dead and more than 4,400 arrested" 3743: 2290: 2075: 1344: 441: 9339:"Artsakh President says developments in Kazakhstan dangerous for neighboring regions" 8859: 8807:"Vladimir Putin vows to stop 'colour revolutions' after sending troops to Kazakhstan" 7603: 6678: 6302: 5732: 5655: 5591:""Правительство в отставку!" и "Шал, кет!". В Актау и Жанаозене продолжились митинги" 5164: 5072: 4529:"Vladimir Putin vows to stop 'colour revolutions' after sending troops to Kazakhstan" 4446: 4266: 3235: 3068: 2864: 2635: 2585: 2434: 2050: 1935: 1549: 1541: 1451:

quoted the human-rights activist and lawyer Denis Jivaga as saying that there is an "

1324: 1313: 1015: 983: 349: 321: 9120: 7317: 6995:"Kazakhstan's Biggest Fuel Sellers Under Investigation over Alleged Price Collusion" 5324: 5008:"Kazakhstan president fires defence minister for lack of leadership during protests" 4479:"Russian troops arrive in Kazakhstan to quell unrest as police say officer beheaded" 3290:

opened a Tagzym memorial dedicated to the victims of the January events (Qantar) in

2227: 1336: 9178:"Kazakhstan protesters seize airport amid anger over fuel price rise – follow live" 7818:"Chevron increasing production in Kazakhstan following protest-linked interruption" 6364:"Жители Алма-Аты сообщили о перестрелке из автоматического оружия на улицах города" 5424:

Tojken, Sanija; Mamashuly, Asylhan; Omirbek, Darhan; Isa, Dilara (3 January 2022).

4813: 3647: 3604: 3547: 3490: 3419: 3379: 2981:

told Tokayev in a phone call that Turkey stands in solidarity with Kazakhstan. The

2519:

through talks and peaceful means, and to return calm and stability to the country."

2367: 2322: 1847: 1735: 1481: 1381: 1304:

and Kazakhstan – agreed to deploy troops in Kazakhstan. The aim was declared to be

1272: 1123: 1118: 1053: 563: 8285:"Belarus' security chief calls situation in Kazakhstan external hybrid aggression" 7318:"В Алма-Ате началась интенсивная перестрелка между военными и вооруженными людьми" 2222:

and close to Nazarbayev, together with a statement by Nazarbayev's former adviser

1516:

and Nazarbayev's crackdown on the demonstrations, he was made the Chairman of the

1456: 8912: 8556:"India for early stabilisation of situation in Kazakhstan, says all Indians safe" 8203:"Հասարակական կազմակերպությունների արձագանքը Ղազախստան ՀԱՊԿ զորք ուղարկելու մասին" 8132:"Taliban "closely monitoring" unrest in Kazakhstan after Russia-led intervention" 6637: 5235: 5200: 5138: 4931:"Post-Soviet security bloc's last peacekeepers depart from Kazakhstan for Moscow" 3899:Тойкен, Сания; Мамашулы, Асылхан; Омирбек, Дархан; Иса, Дилара (3 January 2022). 3577: 3520: 3463: 3399: 3311: 3093: 2656: 2449: 2423: 2326: 1806: 1588: 1572: 1043: 503: 243: 8631:"Президент Садыр Жапаров провел ряд телефонных разговоров с лидерами стран ОДКБ" 8583:"Kazakhstan Able to Resolve Problems Peacefully via Dialogue: Iranian Spokesman" 8445:

Irish, John; Van Overstraeten, Benoit (7 January 2022). Kar-Gupta, Sudip (ed.).

8370:"China opposes external forces triggering unrest in Kazakhstan, says Xi Jinping" 8151:"Ալմաթիում հայ խաղաղապահների հիմնական խնդիրներից էր կանխել ջրատարի թունավորումը" 7714:"Kazakhstan is huge for crypto mining. Political upheaval could jeopardize that" 6473:"Why the political violence and economic grievances engulfing Kazakhstan matter" 4638:"Kazakhstan imposes 180-day state regulation on fuel, food prices amid protests" 4554:

Auyezov, Olzhas; Gordeyeva, Mariya (13 January 2022). Fletcher, Philippa (ed.).

3770:"Analysis: The Consequences Of Inviting Russian-Led CSTO Troops Into Kazakhstan" 2095:

news agency stated that dozens of protestors had been killed, while the Russian

2078:. International flights were resumed to and from the country's capital, Astana. 1563:, corruption and economic inequality would then spark more widespread protests. 9421: 9207: 7378: 7152: 6179:"Kazakhstan president asks Russia-led military alliance for help amid protests" 5916:"Kazakh protesters torch public buildings; emergency declared, Cabinet resigns" 4696: 4611: 3791:"Миротворческая рота 103-й воздушно-десантной бригады ССО вылетела в Казахстан" 3240: 3227: 3098: 2907: 2885: 2859: 2462: 2415: 2375: 2334: 2281: 2236: 2215: 2211: 2193: 2063: 2062:

January 13 and would be fully withdrawn in the next 10 days. Russian President

1996: 1911: 1892:

unrest, while the police spokesperson Saltanat Azirbek told state news channel

1878: 1638: 1528: 1402: 1352: 1348: 1309: 1225: 484: 453: 311: 9311: 7410:"Russia sends troops to put down Kazakhstan uprising as fresh violence erupts" 5752: 1463:. By 2022, approximately 162 wealthy Kazakhs held 55% of the nation's wealth. 278:

from 5 January to 8 January including large-scale damage to various structures

9623: 8964:"Вниманию граждан Республики Таджикистан, находящихся в Республике Казахстан" 7607: 6682: 6306: 5168: 5076: 4450: 4270: 4159: 3160: 2765: 1682: 1677: 1661: 1617: 1401:, with oil production representing a large percentage of its economic growth 1372: 1168: 543: 253: 115:

peacekeeping forces in Almaty Power Station-1 • Overturned police vehicle in

20: 9606:"President Tokayev unveils memorial to victims of January tragedy in Almaty" 9365:"Karabakh MFA: Events in Kazakhstan are result of actions planned by Turkey" 4953:"Russian troops to quit Kazakhstan, says president, taking aim at the elite" 1774:

President Tokayev accepted the government's resignation. On the same day, a

9580: 9260:"O'zbekiston Prezidenti Qozog'iston xalqi va Prezidentiga ta'ziya yo'lladi" 8344:"China expresses hopes for early restoration of public order in Kazakhstan" 8150: 7981:"CSTO Council decides to send collective peacekeeping forces to Kazakhstan" 7153:"Kazakhstan unrest: Internet returns to Almaty following a five day outage" 6117:""Раздают оружие, слышна стрельба" – кадры из Алматы распространяют в Сети" 5719:(in Russian). 5 January 2022. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022 5212: 4697:"Kazakhstan unrest: Fresh gunfire as president says order largely restored" 4556:"Russia-led bloc starts Kazakhstan pullout after possible coup bid crushed" 4412:"Russia-led alliance troops have arrived in Kazakhstan after mass protests" 4383: 3628: 3274: 3172: 2718: 2430: 2379: 2306: 2207: 2034:

Electronics store after being ravaged by looters in Almaty, 10 January 2022

1870: 1398: 1368: 1305: 8420:"France Urges 'Moderation' From All Sides In Kazakhstan: Foreign Minister" 7210:"Kazakh President Announces CSTO Troop Withdrawal, Criticizes Predecessor" 6893:"Kazakhstan arrests ex-security chief as it presses crackdown on protests" 6577:"Russia's Involvement in Kazakhstan's Crisis Could Have Wide Implications" 5811: 5590: 5458: 5390:"Жители Жанаозена перекрыли дорогу, протестуя против повышения цен на газ" 5389: 5291: 5249:

See Table 3.1 (page 114) of databook for mean and median wealth by country

4780:"Kazakhstan president says he gave order to 'open fire with lethal force'" 4259:"Kazakhstan's Elite Got Richer on Natural Resources. Then Came the Unrest" 2444:

was reported to be readying itself for deployment to Kazakhstan. Russia's

9581:"Statement on the situation in Kazakhstan by the OSCE Chairman-in-Office" 8606:"Protests in Kazakhstan: Foreign Ministry of Kyrgyzstan issues statement" 8447:"French President Macron says he is concerned about Kazakhstan situation" 6085:"Moscow-led bloc to send 'peacekeeping forces' to protest-hit Kazakhstan" 5659: 3627:

The Kazakh government claimed that the CSTO's operations were solely for

2790: 2623: 1447: 1276: 1240:

on 1 January. The protests began peacefully in the oil-producing city of

429: 301: 19:"January tragedy" redirects here. For 1990 crackdowns in Azerbaijan, see 9506:"UN criticises Kazakhstan over unauthorised blue peacekeeper helmet use" 9417:"Organization of Turkic States offers support to protest-hit Kazakhstan" 8256:"Lukashenko urges demonstrators in Kazakhstan to negotiate with Tokayev" 6751:"Aktau residents organize peaceful rally against Kazakhstan authorities" 6630: 6051: 3305: 2234:

Hans-Henning Schröder, a political scientist and expert on Russia, told

1787:, and Tokayev has assumed this position himself. Digital rights monitor 849: 9555: 9364: 7523: 7490: 7178: 6750: 6642: 6363: 5862: 4612:"Kazakhstan unrest: Government restores fuel price cap after bloodshed" 3694: 3354: 3180: 3168: 2998: 2868: 2631: 2551: 2330: 2202: 2046:

Internet service was restored in Almaty following a five-day blackout.

1824:

leaving it partially destroyed. In addition, the offices of the ruling

1795:" after a day of mobile internet disruptions and partial restrictions. 1533: 1422: 1301: 1297: 1229: 1138: 722: 697: 160: 138: 9390:"Kazakhstan: Statement by the Spokesperson on the latest developments" 9040: 6801:"22-year-old Israeli killed by gunfire in violent Kazakhstan protests" 4894:

Vaal, Tamara; Balmforth, Tom (11 January 2022). Osborn, Andrew (ed.).

4583:"Kazakhstan declares state of emergency in protest-hit city, province" 4379:"Kazakhstan protests: Moscow-led alliance sends 'peacekeeping forces'" 4327:"Kazakhstan protests: government resigns amid rare outbreak of unrest" 4160:"Қаңтар трагедиясы: Ұрлық пен тонау фактісі бойынша 1674 іс тіркелген" 1523:

Since January 2019, the Kazakh government phased transition policy to

215: 9479:"Kazakhstan unrest: Bachelet urges peaceful resolution of grievances" 8886:"Vučić: Opozicija ne veruje da će pobediti kandidata SNS na izborima" 7596:"In Kazakhstan's Street Battles, Signs of Elites Fighting Each Other" 7510: 7440:"Kazakhstan president issues 'shoot to kill' order to quell protests" 6143:"Two servicemen killed in counter-terror operation at Almaty airport" 6089: 5713:"В Казахстане протестующие заставили военных развернуть бронетехнику" 4897:"President of Kazakhstan says he has weathered attempted coup d'état" 3365: 3071: 2903: 1953: 1893: 1788: 1731: 1605: 1560: 1545: 1477: 1323:

As a concession, Tokayev announced that vehicle gas price caps of 50

1241: 1237: 7924:"West must stand up to Russia in Kazakhstan, opposition leader says" 7896:"Мільярдери з Казахстану втратили $ 3 млрд за кілька днів протестів" 7486:"Kazakhstan: Shoot to kill protesters, orders tough-talking Tokayev" 6293:"Kazakh Protesters Burn Government Offices as Unrest Sweeps Country" 4084:"One year after tragic January events, Kazakhstan says it's changed" 2109:

By 19 January, the death toll of the unrest reportedly reached 227.

1984:

Kazakh forces in search of anti-government militants, 8 January 2022

1608:

in Mangystau Region blocked roads in protest against an increase in

1367:, wealthy individuals who had links to the former government of the 9121:"UK's Truss condemns Kazakhstan violence, says talking with allies" 8913:"S. Korea calls for restoration of peace amid unrest in Kazakhstan" 8735:"Pakistan Embassy Help Desks for Pakistanis residing in Kazakhstan" 7954: 7183: 7179:"Начальник департамента полиции на юге Казахстана покончил с собой" 6183: 5863:"Звуки взрывов слышны в Алма-Ате, митингующие выставляют баррикады" 4135:"Қанды қаңтар: Перзентінен айырылған ата-ана, жетім қалған бала..." 4005:"Kazakh President Announces CSTO Troop Withdrawal, Appoints New PM" 3968:"Russia-Led Military Alliance Completes Withdrawal From Kazakhstan" 2845:

settlement of the situation without the need to resort to violence.

2441: 1885: 1832: 1825: 1751: 1484:, has had a history of labour strikes and demonstrations. In 2011, 1452: 1385: 177: 8860:"Кадыров призвал казахский народ не идти на поводу у провокаторов" 8683:"Malaysians in protest-hit Kazakhstan safe, says foreign minister" 7843:"Казахстанские богачи потеряли миллиарды долларов из-за протестов" 7662:"Transport disruptions the wild card for Kazakh uranium shipments" 6334:"Kazakhstan Declares State of Emergency After Fuel Price Protests" 2695:

restore peace and order in central Asia, specifically Kazakhstan."

1641:

was formed to consider the socio-economic situation in Mangystau.

1413:

for the common individual being less than US$ 100 ( per month and

8284: 8255: 7980: 7634: 7379:"Kazakhstan unrest: Russian troops fly in as crackdown continues" 6968: 6943: 6755: 6490: 6454:"Kazakhstan's Biggest Oil Field Adjusts Output Because of Unrest" 6142: 5753:"Президент Казахстана ввел ЧП в Алма-Ате и Мангистауской области" 4930: 4838:"Kazakh president gives shoot-to-kill order to put down uprising" 2985:

issued a solidarity message with the participation of the ruling

2867:. Putin also drew a parallel between the Kazakh protests and the 2841: 2569: 2371: 2294: 2277: 1775: 1502: 1434: 1406: 1405:

in the mid-2010s. The country also held about 40% of the world's

1293: 1289: 1249: 747: 672: 538: 518: 498: 248: 7577:"Kazakhstan protests: A nightmare or an opportunity for Russia?" 7347:

Gadzo, Mersiha; Safdar, Anealla; Child, David (6 January 2022).

6390:"Погромы и мародерство: кадры из охваченной беспорядками Алматы" 5999:"Kazakhstan Sees 'Nation-scale Internet Blackout' Amid Protests" 5213:

Anthony Shorrocks; Jim Davies; Rodrigo Lluberas (October 2018).

4372: 3833:. Ministry of Defense of Armenia. 7 January 2022. Archived from 1903:. Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan also sent troops. 1552:

from the government resulted with inflation and stagnant wages.

9208:"Kazakhstan unrest: Blinken questions Russian troop deployment" 9020:"Turkish Parliament issues solidarity statement for Kazakhstan" 8765: 8065: 7791:"Oil slips, but set for weekly gain on Kazakh, Libyan concerns" 7127:"Kazakhstan blames foreign-trained Islamic radicals for unrest" 7023:"Kazakhstan: More than 160 killed, 5,000 arrested during riots" 6608:"Russian paratroopers arrive in Kazakhstan as unrest continues" 4439:"Russia-Allied Forces to Intervene as Unrest Sweeps Kazakhstan" 4370: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4352: 3834: 3809:"Kyrgyzstan to send around 150 soldiers to Kazakhstan – report" 3652:"Do Kazakhstan's protests signal an end to the Nazarbayev era?" 3369: 3291: 3176: 3164: 2285: 2087: 1840: 1755: 1714: 1697: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1498: 1430: 1317: 1285: 1245: 635: 558: 479: 275: 116: 104: 100: 6851: 5292:"Жанаозенцы вновь пришли в акимат, требуя снижения цен на газ" 5103:"IMF Executive Board Article IV consultation1 with Kazakhstan" 1275:

and Almaty, effective from 5 January 2022. The Prime Minister

9449:"UN rights chief urges step back from violence in Kazakhstan" 9147:"Kazakh president fails to quell protests, 8 deaths reported" 8938:"Заявление МИД Таджикистана в связи с ситуацией в Казахстане" 7921:

Faulconbridge, Guy (7 January 2022). Richardson, Alex (ed.).

6546:"Dozens of protesters and police dead amid Kazakhstan unrest" 6521:"Dozens of protesters, 12 police dead in Kazakhstan protests" 6022:"Report: Kazakh president's home ablaze as protests escalate" 5782:"Internet disrupted in Kazakhstan amid energy price protests" 4296:"Kazakhstan government's resignation fails to quell protests" 1836: 1668: 1506: 1505:

that is a common vehicle fuel in Zhanaozen, was around 30–35

1442: 1438: 8473:"Kazakh president: Forces can shoot to kill to quell unrest" 8083:"Belarus leader Lukashenko spoke to Kazakhstan's Nazarbayev" 8041:"Over 3,800 detained, 26 killed in Kazakhstan during unrest" 6860:"Small Protests Continue As Kazakh Government Tightens Grip" 6828:"Israeli killed in Kazakhstan unrest, foreign ministry says" 6435:"Oil Jumps As Key Kazakhstan Oil Field Gets Hit By Protests" 6332:

Satubaldina, Assel; Shayakhmetova, Zhanna (5 January 2022).

4669:"Kazakh president says constitutional order mostly restored" 4349: 2099:

news agency aired footage of a heavy gunfight near Almaty's

1255:

Growing discontent with the government and former president

8499:"Hungary Rejects Rights Concerns Over Kazakhstan Crackdown" 6969:"Kazakhstan launches investigation into 180 sellers of LPG" 5325:"В аэропорту Актау в Казахстане задерживается часть рейсов" 5142: 4934: 4809:"Kazakh leader ordered use of lethal force on 'terrorists'" 3257: 2400: 2096: 1693: 1672: 1613: 1583: 1556: 1375:

and their land ownership of areas with valuable resources.

9093: 8832:

Gizzatullin (Гиззатуллин), Azat (Азат) (19 January 2022).

8782:"Putin claims victory in defending Kazakhstan from revolt" 7237:"Putin claims victory in defending Kazakhstan from revolt" 7073: 6052:"Здание мэрии Алматы захвачено, из здания идет дым. Видео" 5946:"Назарбаев перестал быть председателем Совбеза Казахстана" 5837:"Ситуация в городе взята под контроль властей — Сагинтаев" 3658:(Interview). Interviewed by Agnieszka Pikulicka-Wilczewska 3091:: The U.S. government appealed for calm while reported by 2395: 2390: 2284:

rose after the protests erupted. Canadian uranium company

8831: 7477: 5423: 5203:

Aftenposten.no (10 September 2013) Retrieved 8 March 2014

3273:(OSCE): on 5 January the Chairman-in-Office of the OSCE, 2378:

from incorporating Kazakhstan into "a structure like the

8990:"Kazakhstan unrest: From Russia to US, the world reacts" 6743: 6331: 5492:"Касым-Жомарт Токаев высказался по ситуации в Жанаозене" 5065:"The truth about the world's most misunderstood country" 4981:"В Нур-Султане восстановили международное авиасообщение" 3898: 204:

Removal of immunity and resignation of former president

16:

Protests and unrest in Kazakhstan against the government

8080:

Trevelyan, Mark (7 January 2022). Jones, Gareth (ed.).

7766:"Unstable Kazakhstan could push up uranium, oil prices" 6291:

Hopkins, Valerie; Nechepurenko, Ivan (5 January 2022).

6267:"Kazakhstan's government resigns as fuel protests rage" 6241:"Kazakhstan's government resigns as fuel protests rage" 6211:"Office of ruling Nur Otan party set on fire in Almaty" 4437:

Hopkins, Valerie; Nechepurenko, Ivan (5 January 2022).

2243:

Daniil Kislov, the founder and General Director of the

1709:

On the night of 4 January, around 1,000 marched to the

9710:

Attacks on government buildings and structures in Asia

8011:"Moscow-led alliance sends first troops to Kazakhstan" 7594:

Nechepurenko, Ivan; Higgins, Andrew (7 January 2022).

7551:"Kazakhstan detains former security chief for treason" 7349:"Russian paratroopers arrive in crisis-hit Kazakhstan" 2231:

represented an attempted overthrow of the government.

1995:

said that its former chief and former prime minister,

1964:

family said that he was not involved in the protests.

1604:

On the morning of 2 January, residents in the city of

1236:

prices following the lifting of a government-enforced

8444: 8178:"Armenians take dim view of deployment to Kazakhstan" 7017: 7015: 6944:"Kazakhstan police detain over 4,400 people in riots" 6825:

Lubell, Maayan (8 January 2022). Chopra, Toby (ed.).

5889:"В Алматы протестующие снова движутся в центр города" 5343: 5194:

Observatører fra tidligere Sovjet jakter på valg-juks

4751:"Kazakh leader tells troops to shoot without warning" 4213:"Kazakhstan: Gas price hike fuels Zhanaozen protests" 3594: 3537: 3480: 3433: 3097:

to be monitoring the unrest. U.S. Secretary of State

1371:

received preferential treatment, gaining wealth from

294:

Removal of Nazarbayev as chairman of Security Council

9094:"UAE reiterates support for stability in Kazakhstan" 8395:"Xi sends verbal message to Kazakh president-Xinhua" 7101:"Токаев заявил о попытке госпереворота в Казахстане" 7074:"Kazakhstan says 5,800 detained in week of protests" 6669:

Nechepurenko, Ivan; Santora, Marc (7 January 2022).

6417:"Kazakhstan Unrest Pushes Up Uranium and Oil Prices" 5352:"Revolt in Kazakhstan: Here's What You Need to Know" 3567: 3510: 3454: 3413: 3301: 3271:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

3132: 2478: 2276:

As Kazakhstan produces more than 40% of the world's

1644:

Reports of arrests were received from the cities of

9286:"Узбекистан эвакуирует своих граждан из Казахстана" 7695:"Uranium sector monitors evolving Kazakh situation" 7593: 7066: 6668: 6290: 5229:

Global Wealth Report 2018: US and China in the lead

4436: 1232:on 2 January 2022 after a sudden sharp increase in 9556:"NATO expressed concern over events in Kazakhstan" 8081: 7922: 7635:"Как протесты отразились на экономике Казахстана?" 7012: 6826: 5006: 4895: 4563: 4110:"Kazakhstan Seeks Lessons From Its Bloody January" 2414:, and was in discussions with President of Russia 9690:Conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union 6606:Walker, Shaun; Bisenov, Naubet (6 January 2022). 6491:"Police detain nearly 2,000 protesters in Almaty" 5259:Kumenov, Almaz; Lillis, Joanna (4 January 2022). 4867:"Nearly 8,000 detained in Kazakhstan amid unrest" 4722:"Kazakh President: Constitutional Order Restored" 4377:Shaun, Walker; Bisenov, Naubet (5 January 2022). 4032:"Озвучены новые подробности о январских событиях" 3232:United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights 1320:, and then guarded key infrastructure in Almaty. 291:forces in Kazakhstan from 6 January to 20 January 103:on 4 January 2022 • Burned police paddy wagon in 9621: 7346: 7049:"Kazakhstan says 164 killed in week of protests" 6891:Auyezov, Olzhas; Vaal, Tamara (8 January 2022). 4749:Child, David; Safdar, Anealla (7 January 2022). 4553: 4476:Sabin, Lamiat; Sullivan, Rory (6 January 2022). 2629:General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party 1721:President Tokayev signed decrees to introduce a 1581:, protestors wanted heads of local governments ( 1459:ranked Kazakhstan 169th out of 174 countries in 6259: 3722:"CSTO agrees to intervene in Kazakhstan unrest" 3690:"CSTO agrees to intervene in Kazakhstan unrest" 9119:James, William; Bruce, Andy (6 January 2022). 7632: 7204: 7202: 6722:Ilyushina, Mary; Cheng, Amy (7 January 2022). 6721: 3793:. Belteleradio. 6 January 2022. Archived from 1331:On 10 January 2022, the government declared a 8230:"Azərbaycan XİN Qazaxıstana başsağlığı verib" 7920: 6605: 5656:"В Алма-Ате проходят задержания протестующих" 5258: 4893: 4860: 4858: 4475: 3582: 3525: 3468: 2150:that contextualizes different points of view. 2136:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies 1999:, had been arrested on suspicion of treason. 865: 320:Restoration of vehicle fuel price caps of 50 8129: 6176: 5206: 5095: 4376: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3956: 1938:per litre had been restored for six months. 1896:that "dozens of attackers were liquidated". 1869:at Kazakhstan's highest-producing oil field 9705:Attacks on buildings and structures in 2022 9336: 8709:"Казахстан Улсад Байгаа Иргэдийн Анхааралд" 8148: 7574: 7199: 6890: 5755:(in Russian). RIA Novosti. 4 January 2022. 5621:"Нурлан Ногаев вышел к митингующим в Актау" 4748: 3827:"Armenian peacekeepers left for Kazakhstan" 3415:2022 jylğy Qazaqstandağy narazylyq şaralary 3404:2022 жылғы Қазақстандағы наразылық шаралары 1881:(TCO) which operates the Tengiz oil field. 1488:in the city amidst the 20th anniversary of 1355:program of economic and political reforms. 9118: 8603: 7869:"At Least 164 Dead in Kazakhstan Protests" 7464: 7371: 5812:"NetBlocks: Казакстанда интернет чектелди" 5684: 4855: 4635: 4289: 4287: 2535:2021-2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis 2259:the same time police presence dissipated. 872: 858: 9337:Ghazanchyan, Siranush (10 January 2022). 8470: 8175: 8109:Ng, Teddy; Ziwen, Zhao (8 January 2022). 8079: 7893: 5154: 4975: 4973: 4864: 4806: 4508: 4186:"Timeline: January tragedy in Kazakhstan" 3986: 3953: 3187: 2166:Learn how and when to remove this message 879: 8554:Laskar, Rezaul Hasan (11 January 2022). 7467:"Why Russia Sent Troops Into Kazakhstan" 6992: 5349: 5062: 4802: 4800: 4773: 4771: 4744: 4742: 4716: 4714: 4691: 4689: 4662: 4660: 4658: 4636:Kussainova, Meiramgul (6 January 2022). 4631: 4629: 4577: 4575: 4256: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3757: 2494: 2394: 2029: 1979: 1971: 1921: 1745: 1687: 1591:rather than appointed by the president. 9175: 9144: 9065: 9035: 9033: 8521: 8519: 8338: 8336: 8279: 8277: 8108: 7955:"Հայ խաղաղապահները մեկնել են Ղազախստան" 7914: 7894:Sofiienko, Nataliia (10 January 2022). 7737: 7407: 7098: 6702: 6470: 6414: 5913: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5319: 5317: 4946: 4944: 4835: 4666: 4606: 4604: 4293: 4284: 4107: 4057:"Хронология: 2022 жылғы Қаңтар оқиғасы" 3815:. AKIpress News Agency. 7 January 2022. 3767: 3646: 2556:Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2420:Collective Security Treaty Organization 2391:Collective Security Treaty Organization 1901:Collective Security Treaty Organization 1347:, and later fired the defence minister 1282:Collective Security Treaty Organization 9680:Riots and civil disorder in Kazakhstan 9622: 9362: 8553: 8227: 8149:Harutyunyan, Lilit (12 January 2022). 7973: 7763: 7711: 7633:Perel'chuk, Evgenij (6 January 2022). 7516: 7483: 7099:Gromova, Viktorija (10 January 2022). 7046: 6824: 6408: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6079: 6077: 6019: 5831: 5829: 5588: 5387: 5289: 5058: 5056: 4970: 4925: 4923: 4889: 4887: 4777: 4409: 4324: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4238: 4210: 4108:Imamova, Navbahor (16 February 2022). 3687: 1527:trading of LPG to gradually end state 1388:and detaining opponents, according to 171:Dissatisfaction with former president 9503: 8496: 8311:"Statement on protests in Kazakhstan" 8228:Öztürk, Alparslan (10 January 2022). 7815: 7738:Sigalos, MacKenzie (6 January 2022). 7659: 7575:Goncharenko, Roman (7 January 2022). 7465:Chausovsky, Eugene (7 January 2022). 6857: 6574: 6286: 6284: 6282: 6280: 5776: 5774: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5549: 5547: 5486: 5484: 5453: 5451: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5383: 5381: 5379: 5125: 4829: 4797: 4768: 4739: 4711: 4686: 4655: 4626: 4572: 4081: 3754: 3603: 3576: 3546: 3519: 3489: 3462: 3034:Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2808:Mongolian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2461:in south-central Kazakhstan. Russian 1548:measures and an inadequate amount of 1509:and has repeatedly risen since then. 853: 9030: 8779: 8604:Podolskaya, Darya (6 January 2022). 8516: 8333: 8274: 8155:«Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան 7764:Pandey, Ashutosh (10 January 2022). 7432: 7340: 7280: 7234: 7228: 6009:from the original on 5 January 2022. 5987:from the original on 5 January 2022. 5974: 5822:from the original on 5 January 2022. 5643: 5314: 5290:Tojken, Sanijash (10 January 2020). 5019:from the original on 19 January 2022 4950: 4941: 4908:from the original on 10 January 2022 4865:Litvinova, Dasha (10 January 2022). 4601: 4509:Rickleton, Chris (21 October 2022). 4029: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3330:List of protests in the 21st century 2362:Speaking from France, the leader of 2116: 1960:. Protests also continued in Aktau. 1783:has resigned as the Chairman of the 1758:after being vandalized by protesters 731:Scorpion 25th Special Forces Brigade 706:Mobile Forces Peacekeeping Battalion 9485:from the original on 4 January 2022 9459:from the original on 7 January 2022 9429:from the original on 6 January 2022 9414: 9396:from the original on 5 January 2022 9188:from the original on 5 January 2022 9157:from the original on 5 January 2022 9000:from the original on 6 January 2022 8910: 8471:Litvinova, Dasha (7 January 2022). 8350:from the original on 6 January 2022 8321:from the original on 7 January 2022 8090:from the original on 7 January 2022 8021:from the original on 6 January 2022 7991:from the original on 6 January 2022 7935:from the original on 7 January 2022 7674: 7614:from the original on 8 January 2022 7531:from the original on 8 January 2022 7498:from the original on 7 January 2022 7420:from the original on 6 January 2022 7389:from the original on 6 January 2022 7359:from the original on 6 January 2022 7328:from the original on 6 January 2022 7298:from the original on 6 January 2022 7268:from the original on 5 January 2022 6993:Abbasova, Vusala (6 January 2022). 6872:from the original on 8 January 2022 6839:from the original on 8 January 2022 6763:from the original on 8 January 2022 6650:from the original on 6 January 2022 6618:from the original on 6 January 2022 6587:from the original on 6 January 2022 6556:from the original on 6 January 2022 6501:from the original on 6 January 2022 6471:Kissane, Carolyn (7 January 2022). 6451: 6344:from the original on 5 January 2022 6313:from the original on 5 January 2022 6221:from the original on 5 January 2022 6191:from the original on 5 January 2022 6165: 6153:from the original on 6 January 2022 6097:from the original on 6 January 2022 6074: 6062:from the original on 5 January 2022 6044: 6032:from the original on 5 January 2022 5956:from the original on 5 January 2022 5926:from the original on 5 January 2022 5826: 5792:from the original on 5 January 2022 5759:from the original on 4 January 2022 5685:Molchanova, Kira (4 January 2022). 5666:from the original on 4 January 2022 5631:from the original on 4 January 2022 5601:from the original on 5 January 2022 5589:Tojken, Sanijash (4 January 2022). 5565:from the original on 5 January 2022 5532:from the original on 5 January 2022 5502:from the original on 4 January 2022 5469:from the original on 4 January 2022 5436:from the original on 4 January 2022 5400:from the original on 4 January 2022 5388:Tojken, Sanijash (2 January 2022). 5364:from the original on 5 January 2022 5331:from the original on 4 January 2022 5302:from the original on 4 January 2022 5271:from the original on 5 January 2022 5083:from the original on 5 January 2022 5063:Redmayne, Nick (16 December 2021). 5053: 5049:from the original on 16 March 2022. 4920: 4884: 4807:Litvinova, Dasha (7 January 2022). 4490:from the original on 6 January 2022 4457:from the original on 5 January 2022 4430: 4418:from the original on 6 January 2022 4410:Jacobs, Harrison (6 January 2022). 4391:from the original on 5 January 2022 4337:from the original on 5 January 2022 4306:from the original on 5 January 2022 4257:Kantchev, Georgi (7 January 2022). 4235: 4223:from the original on 4 January 2022 4063:(in Kazakh). Almaty. 5 January 2023 3941:from the original on 4 January 2022 3911:from the original on 4 January 2022 3702:from the original on 6 January 2022 3491:[jɪɱˈvarʲsʲkʲɪjɪsɐˈbɨtʲɪjə] 1466: 1259:, who remained the chairman of the 13: 9363:Levina, Mariam (10 January 2022). 9145:Auyezov, Olzhas (5 January 2022). 7408:Auyezov, Olzhas (6 January 2022). 6703:Sobotka, Michal (7 January 2022). 6277: 5914:Auyezov, Olzhas (5 January 2022). 5771: 5613: 5577: 5544: 5481: 5448: 5412: 5376: 5175:from the original on 18 April 2019 5155:Stodghill, Ron (5 November 2006). 4836:Auyezov, Olzhas (7 January 2022). 4667:Auyezov, Olzhas (7 January 2022). 4294:Auyezov, Olzhas (5 January 2022). 3605:[jɪɱˈvarskəjətrɐˈɡʲedʲɪjə] 3357:, protests in Ukraine in 2013–2014 2761:Kyrgyz Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2266: 2206:on 7 January, described Tokayev's 1910:National Security Committee chief 1612:. The demonstrators called on the 14: 9721: 9665:January 2022 events in Kazakhstan 8497:Simon, Zoltan (11 January 2022). 8176:Mejlumyan, Ani (7 January 2022). 7816:Allen, Nathan (10 January 2022). 7712:Madhok, Diksha (7 January 2022). 7660:Desai, Pratima (7 January 2022). 7517:Lillis, Joanna (8 January 2022). 7484:Lillis, Joanna (7 January 2022). 5113:from the original on 3 March 2016 4511:"Russia's Unhappy Club: The CSTO" 4211:Lillis, Joanna (3 January 2022). 4082:Gotev, Georgi (23 January 2023). 3768:Pannier, Bruce (6 January 2022). 3688:Kucera, Joshua (5 January 2022). 3674: 3435:Protesty v Kazahstane v 2022 godu 3424:Протесты в Казахстане в 2022 году 3171:circles to implement a dangerous 3163:these are the planned actions of 3133:Entities with limited recognition 3116:Uzbek Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2989:(AKP), along with the opposition 2485:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 2479:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 1988:Protests continued in Zhanaozen. 1952:A peaceful protest took place in 9598: 9573: 9548: 9523: 9504:Reinl, James (10 January 2022). 9497: 9471: 9441: 9408: 9382: 9356: 9330: 9304: 9278: 9252: 9226: 9200: 9176:Mathers, Matt (5 January 2022). 9169: 9138: 9112: 9086: 9059: 9012: 8982: 8956: 8930: 8904: 8878: 8852: 8825: 8799: 8780:Vaal, Tamara (10 January 2022). 8773: 8753: 8727: 8701: 8675: 8649: 8623: 8597: 8575: 8547: 8490: 8464: 8438: 8412: 8387: 8362: 8303: 8248: 8221: 8195: 8169: 8142: 8130:O'Connor, Tom (6 January 2022). 8123: 8102: 8073: 8053: 8033: 8003: 7947: 7887: 7861: 7835: 7809: 7783: 7757: 7731: 7705: 7687: 7668: 7653: 7626: 7587: 7568: 7543: 7458: 7401: 7310: 7254: 7235:Vaal, Tamara (10 January 2022). 7171: 7145: 7119: 7092: 7040: 6986: 6961: 6936: 6910: 6884: 6858:Greer, Stuart (8 January 2022). 6818: 6793: 6775: 6715: 6696: 6662: 6599: 6568: 6538: 6513: 6483: 6464: 6445: 6427: 6177:O'Connor, Tom (5 January 2022). 5350:Bilefsky, Dan (5 January 2022). 4951:Vaal, Tamara (11 January 2022). 4778:Walker, Shaun (7 January 2022). 4325:Walker, Shaun (5 January 2022). 3578:[qɑŋˈtɑrtrɐˌɡʲedʲɪjəˈsə] 3378:, December 2011 protests in the 3304: 3264: 3251: 3221: 3207: 3194: 3139: 3105: 3082: 3058: 3041: 3023: 3005: 2968: 2950: 2937: 2920: 2893: 2875: 2849: 2827: 2814: 2797: 2773: 2750: 2737: 2699: 2681: 2663: 2642: 2620:Chinese Foreign Affairs Ministry 2609: 2592: 2563: 2545: 2523: 2505: 2385: 2271: 2121: 2049:Military general and politician 1807:Mayor's building on fire, Almaty 1801: 1284:(CSTO) – a military alliance of 833: 824: 790: 740: 715: 690: 665: 628: 587: 557: 550: 537: 530: 517: 510: 497: 490: 478: 471: 459: 447: 435: 423: 410: 370: 359: 343: 81: 72: 61: 52: 41: 7675:Tan, Huileng (7 January 2022). 7214:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6865:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6575:Light, Felix (6 January 2022). 6415:Wallace, Joe (6 January 2022). 6382: 6356: 6325: 6233: 6203: 6135: 6109: 6013: 5991: 5975:Hart, Robert (5 January 2022). 5968: 5938: 5907: 5881: 5855: 5804: 5745: 5705: 5678: 5514: 5283: 5252: 5187: 5148: 5109:. International Monetary Fund. 5031: 4999: 4547: 4521: 4502: 4469: 4403: 4318: 4204: 4178: 4152: 4127: 4101: 4075: 4049: 4023: 4009:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3972:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3923: 3892: 3874: 3844: 3553: 3496: 3440: 3393: 2983:Turkish Grand National Assembly 2364:Democratic Choice of Kazakhstan 1365:dissolution of the Soviet Union 656:31st Guards Air Assault Brigade 8769:(in Romanian). 6 January 2022. 8715:(in Mongolian). 6 January 2022 7047:Heintz, Jim (9 January 2022). 6452:Lee, Julian (6 January 2022). 6020:Heintz, Jim (5 January 2022). 5627:(in Russian). 4 January 2022. 5561:(in Russian). 3 January 2022. 5498:(in Russian). 3 January 2022. 5465:(in Russian). 4 January 2022. 5132:OECD Investment Policy Reviews 3937:(in Russian). 4 January 2022. 3819: 3801: 3783: 3736: 3714: 3640: 3621: 2961:Tajik Foreign Affairs Ministry 2715:Indian community in Kazakhstan 2512:Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1785:Security Council of Kazakhstan 1518:Security Council of Kazakhstan 1417:being pervasive. In 2012, the 1261:Security Council of Kazakhstan 1085:Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes 1: 9415:Bir, Burak (6 January 2022). 9292:(in Russian). 11 January 2021 8663:(in Russian). 10 January 2022 8207:«Հանուն հավասար իրավունքների» 5818:(in Kyrgyz). 4 January 2022. 5528:(in Kazakh). 3 January 2022. 4987:(in Russian). 11 January 2022 3614: 3345:2020–2021 Belarusian protests 3215:Organization of Turkic States 2987:Justice and Development Party 2490: 2412:2020–2021 Belarusian protests 2345:, a billionaire from Georgia 2256:Kazakh State Security Service 2056: 2025: 1873:was reduced. US oil producer 1358: 681:103rd Guards Airborne Brigade 644:98th Guards Airborne Division 129:(1 week and 2 days) 9695:Labor disputes in Kazakhstan 8970:(in Russian). 6 January 2022 8944:(in Russian). 6 January 2021 8866:(in Russian). 5 January 2022 8637:(in Russian). 6 January 2021 8532:Ministry of External Affairs 8234:Report İnformasiya Agentliyi 7849:(in Russian). 9 January 2022 6396:(in Russian). 5 January 2022 6370:(in Russian). 6 January 2022 6123:(in Russian). 6 January 2022 5895:(in Russian). 5 January 2022 5869:(in Russian). 5 January 2022 5843:(in Russian). 4 January 2022 4166:(in Kazakh). 5 February 2022 4140:(in Kazakh). 18 January 2022 3858:(in Russian). Archived from 3724:. Eurasianet. 5 January 2022 3372:, at the time named Alma-Ata 3368:, December 1986 protests in 2710:Ministry of External Affairs 2455:Almaty International Airport 2352: 2012: 2004:Ministry of Internal Affairs 1967: 1917: 1861: 1821:Almaty International Airport 1741: 1704: 1623: 1599: 650:45th Guards Spetsnaz Brigade 285:from 5 January to 20 January 7: 9660:January 2022 crimes in Asia 9266:(in Uzbek). 10 January 2022 9066:Kitsoft (10 January 2022). 3595: 3568: 3548:[krɐˈvavɨjjɪɱˈvarʲ] 3538: 3511: 3481: 3464:[qɑŋˈtɑrwoqɯjʁɑˈsə] 3455: 3434: 3414: 3297: 3052:Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan 2838:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2784:Minister of Foreign Affairs 2603:Minister of Foreign Affairs 2579:Belarusian Security Council 2470:Belarusian Telegraph Agency 2446:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2357: 2245:Ferghana Information Agency 2220:National Security Committee 2112: 2081: 2041:National Security Committee 1993:National Security Committee 1817:National Security Committee 1594: 1480:, an oil-producing city in 10: 9726: 9240:(in Uzbek). 5 January 2022 5227:October 10, 2018 article: 5157:"Oil, Cash and Corruption" 4699:. BBC News. 7 January 2022 4614:. BBC News. 6 January 2022 3320:2020s in political history 3158:Artsakh's Foreign Minister 3050:: Abu Dhabi Crown Prince 2995:Nationalist Movement Party 2312: 2200:Joanna Lillis, writing in 1470: 1411:minimum wage in Kazakhstan 1403:until oil prices decreased 274:Mass looting and chaos in 18: 9645:2022 crimes in Kazakhstan 5737:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 5137:18 September 2020 at the 3583: 3560: 3526: 3503: 3469: 3447: 3423: 3403: 3382:with 14 protesters killed 3335:2018–2020 Kazakh protests 3325:2021 global energy crisis 3281: 3016:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow 2991:Republican People's Party 2727:Republic Day celebrations 1946:Russia's Defence Ministry 1800: 999:North Caucasus insurgency 891: 810: 805: 771: 766: 756:12th Peacekeeping Brigade 580: 575: 399:No centralized leadership 393: 388: 336: 331: 267: 231: 197:Resignation of President 187: 165:Dissatisfaction with the 145: 133: 123: 35: 30: 8116:South China Morning Post 7131:South China Morning Post 6922:Market Research Telecast 5247:Downloadable data sheets 5234:25 February 2019 at the 3772:. RFE/RL. Archived from 3386: 1692:Protesters setting up a 1394:and many other sources. 1333:national day of mourning 781:According to government: 366:Government of Kazakhstan 324:per litre for six months 9343:Public Radio of Armenia 6421:The Wall Street Journal 4263:The Wall Street Journal 3521:[qɑnˈdəqɑŋˈtɑr] 1566: 1495:liquefied petroleum gas 1445:at that time. In 2013, 1425:listed Kazakhstan as a 1234:liquefied petroleum gas 9675:Protests in Kazakhstan 8911:강윤승 (8 January 2022). 8890:Novinska agencija Beta 5215:"Global Wealth Report" 3286:On December 23, 2022, 3188:By international union 2674:Federal Foreign Office 2500: 2410:, who had quashed the 2403: 2185:Carnegie Moscow Center 2035: 1985: 1977: 1931: 1762:At 04:00, Almaty akim 1759: 1701: 1544:affected the economy, 1189:Wagner Group rebellion 839:No casualties reported 201:and his administration 9670:Pricing controversies 6805:www.timesofisrael.com 6789:(in Arabic). الجزيرة. 3596:Janvarskaja tragedija 3360:List of fuel protests 3350:2021 Russian protests 3288:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2498: 2399:Member states of the 2398: 2291:cryptocurrency mining 2224:Ermukhamet Ertysbayev 2144:by rewriting it in a 2033: 1983: 1975: 1925: 1877:holds a 50% stake in 1764:Bakhytzhan Sagintayev 1749: 1691: 1634:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 1265:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 1144:Revolution of Dignity 1081:Dungan–Kazakh clashes 883:Post-Soviet conflicts 806:Casualties and losses 417:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 214:Direct elections for 199:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 194:Decreased fuel prices 95:Burned out Akimat in 8585:. Tasnim News Agency 5327:(in Russian). TASS. 5199:3 March 2016 at the 3650:(January 11, 2022). 3482:Janvarskije sobytija 3340:2020 Kyrgyz protests 3230:: On 6 January, the 3150:President of Artsakh 3048:United Arab Emirates 2979:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 2721:were expected to be 2719:Central Asian states 2574:Alexander Lukashenko 2408:Alexander Lukashenko 1781:Nursultan Nazarbayev 1771:in central streets. 1419:World Economic Forum 1377:Nursultan Nazarbayev 1257:Nursultan Nazarbayev 1164:annexation of Crimea 466:Nursultan Nazarbayev 206:Nursultan Nazarbayev 173:Nursultan Nazarbayev 152:Increased gas prices 9612:. 23 December 2022. 9024:Hurriyet Daily News 8561:The Hindustan Times 6729:The Washington Post 5225:on 28 October 2018. 5069:The Daily Telegraph 5015:. 19 January 2022. 4568:on 13 January 2022. 4030:Iskakova, Botagoz. 3837:on 7 January 2022. 3776:on 7 January 2022. 3146:Republic of Artsakh 2869:Euromaidan protests 2690:: Foreign Minister 2651:: Foreign Minister 2582:Alexander Volfovich 2459:Baikonur Cosmodrome 2303:Chevron Corporation 1958:Kazakh constitution 1926:Burned building in 1875:Chevron Corporation 1461:wealth distribution 1415:economic inequality 1391:The Daily Telegraph 1050:Kyrgyz revolutions 754: • 729: • 704: • 679: • 654: • 648: • 642: • 617: • 611: • 605: • 599: • 316:Minister of Defence 223:Kazakh constitution 221:Return to the 1993 156:Economic inequality 93:Clockwise from top: 9700:2022 fires in Asia 9640:2022 in Kazakhstan 9455:. 6 January 2022. 9392:. 5 January 2022. 9026:. 13 January 2022. 8996:. 6 January 2022. 8917:Yonhap News Agency 8317:. 6 January 2022. 8046:The Daily Guardian 7699:World Nuclear News 7385:. 6 January 2022. 7294:. 5 January 2022. 6759:. 7 January 2022. 6675:The New York Times 6646:. 6 January 2022. 6552:. 6 January 2022. 6298:The New York Times 6093:. 5 January 2022. 6058:. 5 January 2022. 6005:. 5 January 2022. 5952:. 5 January 2022. 5788:. 4 January 2022. 5662:. 4 January 2022. 5357:The New York Times 5161:The New York Times 4937:. 19 January 2022. 4443:The New York Times 3797:on 8 January 2022. 3584:Январская трагедия 3376:Zhanaozen massacre 3153:Arayik Harutyunyan 3126:Uzbekistan Airways 3121:Shavkat Mirziyoyev 2902:: In a joint live 2865:colour revolutions 2787:Saifuddin Abdullah 2653:Jean-Yves Le Drian 2501: 2483:On 7 January, the 2468:On 7 January, the 2418:, calling for the 2404: 2250:The New York Times 2191:In an article for 2036: 1986: 1978: 1932: 1760: 1727:Mangystau District 1723:state of emergency 1702: 1578:The New York Times 1512:Following further 1473:Zhanaozen massacre 1427:corruption hotspot 1314:colour revolutions 1269:state of emergency 1250:widespread poverty 1220:, was a series of 1206:2022 Kazakh unrest 1149:pro-Russian unrest 778:Over +2,000 people 283:state of emergency 259:Civil disobedience 109:Tajik Armed Forces 31:2022 Kazakh unrest 9531:"Javier Colomina" 9318:. 10 January 2022 9100:. 10 January 2022 9047:. 10 January 2022 8813:. 10 January 2022 8535:. 10 January 2022 8503:www.bloomberg.com 8069:. 6 January 2022. 8049:. 8 January 2022. 7875:. 10 January 2022 7701:. 7 January 2022. 7555:www.aljazeera.com 7353:www.aljazeera.com 7216:. 11 January 2022 7159:. 10 January 2022 7133:. 10 January 2022 7027:www.aljazeera.com 6441:. 7 January 2022. 6273:. 5 January 2022. 6056:centralasia.media 4535:. 10 January 2022 4192:. 16 January 2022 4011:. 11 January 2022 3974:. 19 January 2022 3888:. 4 January 2022. 3862:on 4 January 2022 3750:. 7 January 2022. 3656:www.aljazeera.com 3648:Zhovtis, Yevgeniy 3593: 3569:Qañtar tragediasy 3566: 3561:Қаңтар трагедиясы 3536: 3509: 3479: 3470:Январские события 3453: 3432: 3412: 3245:Stephane Dujarric 3236:Michelle Bachelet 3069:Foreign Secretary 2638:' in Kazakhstan". 2636:colour revolution 2586:colour revolution 2435:Russian Air Force 2305:, which operates 2176: 2175: 2168: 2130:This article may 2051:Zhanat Suleimenov 1813: 1812: 1793:internet blackout 1700:, 4 January 2022. 1550:economic stimulus 1542:COVID-19 pandemic 1525:electronic market 1201: 1200: 848: 847: 844: 843: 801: 800: 384: 383: 350:Kazakh opposition 167:Kazakh government 127:2–11 January 2022 9717: 9614: 9613: 9602: 9596: 9595: 9593: 9591: 9577: 9571: 9570: 9568: 9566: 9552: 9546: 9545: 9543: 9541: 9527: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9516: 9501: 9495: 9494: 9492: 9490: 9475: 9469: 9468: 9466: 9464: 9445: 9439: 9438: 9436: 9434: 9412: 9406: 9405: 9403: 9401: 9386: 9380: 9379: 9377: 9375: 9360: 9354: 9353: 9351: 9349: 9334: 9328: 9327: 9325: 9323: 9308: 9302: 9301: 9299: 9297: 9282: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9256: 9250: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9230: 9224: 9223: 9221: 9219: 9214:. 8 January 2022 9204: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9193: 9173: 9167: 9166: 9164: 9162: 9142: 9136: 9135: 9133: 9131: 9116: 9110: 9109: 9107: 9105: 9090: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9079: 9063: 9057: 9056: 9054: 9052: 9037: 9028: 9027: 9016: 9010: 9009: 9007: 9005: 8986: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8975: 8960: 8954: 8953: 8951: 8949: 8934: 8928: 8927: 8925: 8923: 8908: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8897: 8882: 8876: 8875: 8873: 8871: 8856: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8845: 8829: 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7166: 7164: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7140: 7138: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7096: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7080:. 9 January 2022 7070: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7044: 7038: 7037: 7035: 7033: 7019: 7010: 7009: 7007: 7005: 6990: 6984: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6965: 6959: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6940: 6934: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6924:. 8 January 2022 6914: 6908: 6907: 6905: 6903: 6888: 6882: 6881: 6879: 6877: 6855: 6849: 6848: 6846: 6844: 6830: 6822: 6816: 6815: 6813: 6811: 6797: 6791: 6790: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6747: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6719: 6713: 6712: 6700: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6689: 6666: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6634: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6603: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6581:The Moscow Times 6572: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6517: 6511: 6510: 6508: 6506: 6487: 6481: 6480: 6468: 6462: 6461: 6449: 6443: 6442: 6431: 6425: 6424: 6412: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6401: 6386: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6375: 6360: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6338:The Astana Times 6329: 6323: 6322: 6320: 6318: 6288: 6275: 6274: 6263: 6257: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6247:. 5 January 2022 6237: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6226: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6174: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6139: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6113: 6107: 6106: 6104: 6102: 6081: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6048: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6026:Associated Press 6017: 6011: 6010: 5995: 5989: 5988: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5961: 5942: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5911: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5885: 5879: 5878: 5876: 5874: 5859: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5848: 5833: 5824: 5823: 5816:Азаттык Υналгысы 5808: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5778: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5749: 5743: 5742: 5736: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5717:www.ukrinform.ru 5709: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5682: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5652: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5586: 5575: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5551: 5542: 5541: 5539: 5537: 5526:primeminister.kz 5518: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5507: 5488: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5474: 5455: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5421: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5385: 5374: 5373: 5371: 5369: 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3541: 3539:Krovavyj janvarj 3531: 3529: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3514: 3508:romanized: 3507: 3505: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3474: 3472: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3458: 3452:romanized: 3451: 3449: 3444: 3438: 3437: 3427: 3425: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3397: 3380:Mangystau Region 3314: 3309: 3308: 3269: 3268: 3256: 3255: 3254: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3144: 3143: 3142: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3087: 3086: 3085: 3076:House of Commons 3063: 3062: 3061: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3028: 3027: 3026: 3010: 3009: 3008: 2973: 2972: 2971: 2955: 2954: 2953: 2942: 2941: 2940: 2931:Aleksandar Vučić 2925: 2924: 2923: 2906:broadcast, Head 2898: 2897: 2896: 2880: 2879: 2878: 2854: 2853: 2852: 2832: 2831: 2830: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2802: 2801: 2800: 2778: 2777: 2776: 2755: 2754: 2753: 2742: 2741: 2740: 2704: 2703: 2702: 2686: 2685: 2684: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2647: 2646: 2645: 2614: 2613: 2612: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2568: 2567: 2566: 2550: 2549: 2548: 2528: 2527: 2526: 2516:Foreign Ministry 2510: 2509: 2508: 2368:Mukhtar Ablyazov 2347:Mikhail Lomtadze 2247:, speculated to 2182: 2171: 2164: 2160: 2157: 2151: 2147:balanced fashion 2125: 2124: 2117: 2021: 1805: 1804: 1798: 1797: 1754:party office in 1589:directly elected 1514:protests in 2018 1497:(LPG), a mix of 1490:Independence Day 1486:a riot broke out 1482:Mangystau Region 1467:Zhanaozen strike 1382:authoritarianism 1273:Mangystau Region 1208:, also known as 1076:Gorno-Badakhshan 1071:South Kyrgyzstan 1044:Batken spillover 901:Nagorno-Karabakh 886: 884: 874: 867: 860: 851: 850: 838: 837: 836: 829: 828: 827: 812: 811: 795: 794: 793: 773: 772: 746: 744: 743: 721: 719: 718: 696: 694: 693: 671: 669: 668: 634: 632: 631: 593: 591: 590: 566: 564:Andrey Serdyukov 562: 561: 555: 554: 553: 542: 541: 535: 534: 533: 526: 522: 521: 515: 514: 513: 502: 501: 495: 494: 493: 483: 482: 476: 475: 474: 464: 463: 462: 452: 451: 450: 440: 439: 438: 428: 427: 426: 419: 415: 414: 413: 401: 376: 374: 373: 364: 363: 362: 348: 347: 346: 338: 337: 210:Security Council 85: 76: 65: 56: 45: 28: 27: 9725: 9724: 9720: 9719: 9718: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9620: 9619: 9618: 9617: 9604: 9603: 9599: 9589: 9587: 9579: 9578: 9574: 9564: 9562: 9554: 9553: 9549: 9539: 9537: 9529: 9528: 9524: 9514: 9512: 9502: 9498: 9488: 9486: 9477: 9476: 9472: 9462: 9460: 9447: 9446: 9442: 9432: 9430: 9413: 9409: 9399: 9397: 9388: 9387: 9383: 9373: 9371: 9361: 9357: 9347: 9345: 9335: 9331: 9321: 9319: 9310: 9309: 9305: 9295: 9293: 9284: 9283: 9279: 9269: 9267: 9258: 9257: 9253: 9243: 9241: 9232: 9231: 9227: 9217: 9215: 9206: 9205: 9201: 9191: 9189: 9182:The Independent 9174: 9170: 9160: 9158: 9143: 9139: 9129: 9127: 9117: 9113: 9103: 9101: 9092: 9091: 9087: 9077: 9075: 9064: 9060: 9050: 9048: 9039: 9038: 9031: 9018: 9017: 9013: 9003: 9001: 8988: 8987: 8983: 8973: 8971: 8962: 8961: 8957: 8947: 8945: 8936: 8935: 8931: 8921: 8919: 8909: 8905: 8895: 8893: 8884: 8883: 8879: 8869: 8867: 8858: 8857: 8853: 8843: 8841: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8814: 8811:Financial Times 8805: 8804: 8800: 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3486: 3467:; Russian: 3459: 3445: 3441: 3398: 3394: 3389: 3312:Politics portal 3310: 3303: 3300: 3284: 3263: 3252: 3250: 3222: 3220: 3208: 3206: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3106: 3104: 3094:The Independent 3083: 3081: 3059: 3057: 3042: 3040: 3024: 3022: 3006: 3004: 2969: 2967: 2951: 2949: 2938: 2936: 2921: 2919: 2894: 2892: 2876: 2874: 2850: 2848: 2828: 2826: 2815: 2813: 2798: 2796: 2774: 2772: 2751: 2749: 2738: 2736: 2700: 2698: 2692:Péter Szijjártó 2682: 2680: 2664: 2662: 2657:Emmanuel Macron 2643: 2641: 2610: 2608: 2601:: The Canadian 2593: 2591: 2564: 2562: 2546: 2544: 2539:street protests 2524: 2522: 2506: 2504: 2493: 2481: 2450:Maria Zakharova 2424:Nikol Pashinyan 2393: 2388: 2360: 2355: 2327:Timur Kulibayev 2315: 2274: 2269: 2267:Economic impact 2180: 2172: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2142:help improve it 2139: 2126: 2122: 2115: 2101:Republic Square 2084: 2076:Älihan Smaiylov 2059: 2028: 2019: 2015: 1970: 1928:Republic Square 1920: 1864: 1802: 1744: 1711:Republic Square 1707: 1683:price collusion 1658:Republic Square 1626: 1616:of the region, 1602: 1597: 1573:Oyan, Qazaqstan 1569: 1475: 1469: 1361: 1345:Älihan Smaiylov 1218:January Tragedy 1202: 1197: 1156:Russo-Ukrainian 1110: 1025: 994:guerrilla phase 979:Chechen–Russian 887: 882: 880: 878: 840: 834: 832: 831: 825: 823: 819: 818:9,900+ arrested 817: 797: 791: 789: 785: 784:20,000 (Almaty) 779: 762: 761: 760: 751: 750: 741: 739: 735: 726: 725: 716: 714: 710: 701: 700: 691: 689: 685: 676: 675: 666: 664: 660: 639: 638: 629: 627: 623: 613:Military Police 596: 595: 588: 586: 571: 570: 569: 556: 551: 549: 548: 536: 531: 529: 516: 511: 509: 508: 504:Nikol Pashinyan 496: 491: 489: 477: 472: 470: 460: 458: 448: 446: 442:Älihan Smaiylov 436: 434: 424: 422: 411: 409: 408: 403: 397: 380: 371: 369: 368: 360: 358: 354: 352: 344: 342: 327: 297:Resignation of 263: 244:Online activism 227: 183: 141: 128: 119: 97:Republic Square 90: 89: 88: 87: 86: 78: 77: 68: 67: 66: 58: 57: 48: 47: 46: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9723: 9713: 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6709:www.novinky.cz 6695: 6661: 6629: 6598: 6567: 6537: 6512: 6482: 6463: 6444: 6426: 6407: 6381: 6355: 6324: 6276: 6258: 6232: 6202: 6164: 6134: 6108: 6073: 6043: 6012: 5990: 5967: 5937: 5906: 5880: 5854: 5825: 5803: 5770: 5744: 5704: 5677: 5658:(in Russian). 5642: 5612: 5597:(in Russian). 5576: 5543: 5513: 5480: 5447: 5432:(in Russian). 5411: 5396:(in Russian). 5375: 5342: 5313: 5298:(in Russian). 5282: 5265:eurasianet.org 5251: 5205: 5186: 5147: 5124: 5094: 5052: 5030: 4998: 4969: 4940: 4919: 4883: 4854: 4828: 4796: 4767: 4738: 4710: 4685: 4654: 4625: 4600: 4571: 4546: 4520: 4501: 4468: 4429: 4402: 4348: 4317: 4283: 4234: 4217:eurasianet.org 4203: 4177: 4151: 4126: 4100: 4074: 4048: 4022: 3985: 3952: 3922: 3907:(in Russian). 3891: 3873: 3843: 3818: 3800: 3782: 3753: 3735: 3713: 3673: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3619: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3552: 3495: 3456:Qañtar oqiğasy 3448:Қаңтар оқиғасы 3439: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3383: 3373: 3363: 3362: 3361: 3358: 3352: 3347: 3342: 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1769:National Guard 1743: 1740: 1706: 1703: 1639:Eraly Togjanov 1625: 1622: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1568: 1565: 1471:Main article: 1468: 1465: 1429:, on par with 1363:Following the 1360: 1357: 1353:New Kazakhstan 1349:Murat Bektanov 1310:Vladimir Putin 1228:that began in 1214:Bloody January 1210:January Events 1199: 1198: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1133: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1115: 1114: 1113:Eastern Europe 1109: 1108: 1106:Karakalpakstan 1103: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1036: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1023: 1021:Russo-Georgian 1018: 1013: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 976: 971: 970: 969: 968: 967: 962: 957: 947: 937: 936: 935: 933:2023 offensive 930: 929: 928: 918: 913: 908: 897: 896: 892: 889: 888: 877: 876: 869: 862: 854: 846: 845: 842: 841: 822: 820: 815: 808: 807: 803: 802: 799: 798: 788: 786: 776: 769: 768: 764: 763: 759: 758: 738: 737: 736: 734: 733: 713: 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9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9630:2022 protests 9628: 9627: 9625: 9611: 9610:www.inform.kz 9607: 9601: 9586: 9582: 9576: 9561: 9557: 9551: 9536: 9532: 9526: 9511: 9507: 9500: 9484: 9480: 9474: 9458: 9454: 9450: 9444: 9428: 9424: 9423: 9418: 9411: 9395: 9391: 9385: 9370: 9366: 9359: 9344: 9340: 9333: 9317: 9313: 9307: 9291: 9287: 9281: 9265: 9261: 9255: 9239: 9235: 9229: 9213: 9209: 9203: 9187: 9183: 9179: 9172: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9141: 9126: 9122: 9115: 9099: 9095: 9089: 9073: 9069: 9062: 9046: 9042: 9036: 9034: 9025: 9021: 9015: 8999: 8995: 8991: 8985: 8969: 8965: 8959: 8943: 8939: 8933: 8918: 8914: 8907: 8891: 8887: 8881: 8865: 8861: 8855: 8839: 8838:bashinform.ru 8835: 8828: 8812: 8808: 8802: 8787: 8783: 8776: 8768: 8767: 8762: 8756: 8740: 8736: 8730: 8714: 8710: 8704: 8688: 8684: 8678: 8662: 8658: 8652: 8636: 8632: 8626: 8611: 8607: 8600: 8584: 8578: 8563: 8562: 8557: 8550: 8534: 8533: 8528: 8522: 8520: 8504: 8500: 8493: 8478: 8474: 8467: 8452: 8448: 8441: 8425: 8421: 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