1160:
1140:
73:
31:
55:
1976:
3285:
747:
1568:
1278:
246:, Louisiana. During this period the 8th supplied trained personnel to the 9th through 14th Armored Divisions. In September 1943 the division completed reorganization from the old style triangular division to the new 'light' armored division, as per War Department Letter AG-322, in preparation for activation as a combat unit. The light format armored division was made up of three
1046:
1180:
361:
592:
1169:
projects. Periodically, prisoners throughout the
Buchenwald camp system underwent selection. The SS staff sent those too weak or disabled to continue working to the Bernburg or Sonnenstein killing centers, where they were killed by gas. Other weakened prisoners were killed by phenol injections administered by the camp doctor.
1176:. In 1997, the information was declassified through the efforts of a former 8th Armored Division officer, Dr. Bernard Metrick. The records confirmed the role of the division in liberating the camp and the division's flag was added to those on display at the U.S. Holocaust Museum honoring those who liberated the death camps.
1216:, France, for deployment home. On 26 October the division traveled 180 miles (290 km) from Camp Oklahoma City to Camp Phillip Morris at Le Havre, France, and the division was officially dismounted. The division was inactivated on 13 November 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia by Gen. Charles F. Colson.
323:
It was at this point that the division was assigned the call-sign 'Tornado'. A detachment of the 88th
Armored Cavalry undertook the division's first combat action – a reconnaissance of the best route to contact with the enemy. The division, finding the enemy already halted and beginning to fall back,
1905:
3 M4A3 76 F.O. Forward
Observer tanks, referenced as FO1, FO2 and FO3. These reported to the three armored artillery battalions, respectively. When not needed as direct observers, they were employed in their secondary roles as fighting tanks. Their crews reflected their FO role by the addition of an
1301:
Devine was personally selected by Gen. Eisenhower to command the 8th
Armored. His prior assignment was Commanding General, Combat Command B, 7th Armored Division. He had been in combat continuously from D-Day plus 2 (8 June 1944) when he landed at Normandy as artillery commander of the 90th Infantry
266:
From the period of April through
October 1944, the division conducted post-maneuver training, losing a number of trained personnel to other units and absorbing and training their replacements. At the end of October the 8th received movement orders to Camp Kilmer, New York in preparation for shipment
395:
and more heavy fighting. German losses were 8 tanks, 1 anti-aircraft gun, 1 anti-tank gun and 1 half-track. Division losses were an additional 6 tanks destroyed and 4 disabled as well as heavy personnel casualties. The week's action resulted in the loss of 50% of the personnel the 110th and 111th
1268:
The nickname of the 8th
Armored Division, the "Thundering Herd", was coined before the division went to Europe in late 1944. It was also known as the "Iron Snake" late in the war, after a correspondent for Newsweek likened the 8th to a "great ironclad snake" as it crossed the Rhine River in late
262:
During
December 1943, the division participated in the D Series of exercises in Texas. The D Series were small scale maneuver problems designed as a precursor to the full scale Sixth Louisiana Maneuver Period. The D Series included exercises to simulate contact with the enemy and included recon,
1119:
to clear the remaining woods around
Blankenburg. The next day the division began to attack Blankenburg. At 1000 hours a 13 plane squadron attacked Blankenburg and immediately afterward the burgomeister was contacted about surrendering after a show of force. By nightfall, most of Blankenburg had
536:
and
Rheinberg with the 35th. Heavy fighting, primarily against the 130th Panzer Division, took place in and around Rheinberg resulting in 199 divisional casualties and the loss of 41 tanks while the Germans suffered 350 men killed and 512 taken prisoner. The area (nicknamed '88 Lane') was under
1187:
The general end of hostilities unfortunately did not mean the end of casualties for the 8th
Armored. On 1 May the 58th Inf. lost two men to snipers who had to be killed since they would not surrender. The next day the 58th Inf. lost an officer and three more men when a powder plant blew up in
1168:
Buchenwald administered at least 87 subcamps located across Germany, from Düsseldorf in the Rhineland to the border with the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the east. Prisoners in the satellite camps were put to work mostly in armaments factories, in stone quarries, and on construction
237:
The successes of the German armored units in Poland and France underscored America's need for an effective armored force. The tank battles of North Africa and Russia in early 1942 caused the US Army to recognize the need to drastically increase the number of its armored units. The 8th Armored
1619:
were M4A3 Shermans tanks fitted with a more powerful 76 mm cannon. Later in the war, more M4A3 76 tanks were added to the tank companies as replacements for older or damaged units. The 8th, along with many of the other armored units arriving in Europe in late 1944, was equipped with all
638:
to the south on 28 March. The 116th Panzer Division was defending both and the approaches had been heavily mined. CCR captured Zweckel in the afternoon and launched an attack on Kirchellen which was secured by nightfall. An advance unit of the 80th Tank battalion that had been surrounded in
255:
1029:. CCA had lost 2 tanks, 1 half-track and 1 jeep during these operations. CCB was assigned to protect right flank of the 2nd Armored and the 83rd Inf. Div. as they moved east. They move 170 miles (270 km) to Wolfenbüttel. Later CCR was relieved and ordered to move to the vicinity of
1151:
concentration camp, between 12 and 17 April 1945 during its drive through central Germany. The area around the city of Halberstadt housed a number of Buchenwald subcamps that had been established in 1944 to provide labor for the German war effort, including Halberstadt-Zwieberge I and
1685:
242:, Kentucky, with "surplus" units of the recently reorganized 4th Armored Division and newly organized units. The division served as the first official military guardian of the gold vault at Fort Knox. From 1942 to 1944 it functioned as a training command stationed at
1200:
From 8 May through 30 May the division remained on occupation duty and continued to clean up stragglers and small pockets of resistance. On 30 May the division was assigned to Third Army. It was relieved by units of the British Army and began its move to the city of
571:
The division was assigned to cleanup operations in the rear areas of the Rhineland which had been bypassed during the movement to the Rhine River. During this period the division became the first US or British unit to uncover the existence of the secret
1130:
During the period of 23 April through 8 May the division was assigned an area of 90 kilometers long by 30 kilometers wide and went into occupation duty. Some additional cleanup was required of small pockets of resistance as stragglers were found.
1812:
Early in the war, the anti-tank platoon would have included a 37 mm anti-tank cannon but by the time the 8th entered combat in late 1944 the 37 mm was deemed ineffective against German armor and was discarded from the TO & E.
599:
On 24 March 18 Tank Bn of the 8th Armored Division was ferried across in support of the 30th Infantry prior to the Division's crossing. An 18th tank was the first across the Rhine in the 9th Army area and assisted in the capture of
891:
and the westward movement of the 8th Armored created a gap of 180 miles (290 km) between the two fronts. This would allow German forces to briefly cut off the US 2nd Armored. Troop A, 88th Reconnaissance Squadron captured the
1163:
Medical personnel stand outside a school that has been converted into a hospital for concentration camp survivors from Langenstein-Zwieberge. On the left is Cpt. Joseph Lyten, a dentist from the 8th Armored Division medical
1005:
was also captured. Unna finally fell that afternoon after another air strike. The Germans lost 160 personnel, 2 tanks and a battery of 88's. This surrender was the end of organized resistance from the 116th Panzer Division.
1959:
Reconnaissance in the armored divisions was performed by the Armored Reconnaissance Battalion in the old style heavy division or by the Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized in the light divisions such as the 8th.
250:
referred to as Combat Command A (CCA), Combat Command B (CCB) and a smaller unit called Combat Command Reserve (CCR). Units could be assigned to one of the combat commands at need, creating a very flexible formation.
1209:. From 1 June through 19 September, many men were sent home under the point system. Those remaining were sent to various I & E (Information and Education) training schools. Very little other training was done.
263:
movement to contact, engineering and minefield clearing problems. The 8th completed the D Series and participated in the Sixth Louisiana Maneuver Period from February through April 1944 as part of the Red Force.
812:
Col. Wallace, the commander of CCR, was captured by German forces during the night of 4 April. On 5 April Col. Vesely assumed command of CCR and continued to attack westward capturing the towns of Horne,
517:, Vinnbruck and Saelhuysen in their advance toward Moers. The Division received orders to cease forward movement as it was 'pinched out' by the 35th Inf. on the right and the 84th Inf. on the left.
1123:
On 21 April CCR cleared the woods south of Blankenburg and linked up with elements of the 1st Inf. Div. of the First Army. By 22 April the last organized resistance ended with the capture of Gen.
537:
direct anti-tank and heavy artillery fire so each house had to be cleared by dismounted infantry. By 7 March a foothold was secured at Grunthal, a road crossing (B 57/B 58) in the vicinity of
1963:
These units were identical, except that the battalion was organized as companies, while the squadron as troops (although the light tank unit was a company in either organization).
1152:
Halberstadt-Zwieberge II. More than 5,000 inmates were incarcerated in these two subcamps, where they were forced to hollow out massive tunnels and build underground factories for
604:, the first town captured east of the Rhine by 9th Army. The division was the first armored division to cross the Rhine in the 9th Army area, crossing at bridge sites 'G' and 'H'.
1172:
Of interest is that all details regarding the camp were sealed and classified by the US Government; presumably because of the camp's involvement with an improved version of the
1620:
76 mm armed Shermans. The M4A3E8 76 or 'Easy Eight' version of the Sherman was also used by the 8th as it became available. In April 1945 the 8th began receiving the new
1632:
Early experience with armored warfare in the First World War made it clear that tanks could not fight in isolation. It was essential that tanks be supported by infantry. The
3332:
1289:
Grimes left the division on 6 October 1944 just prior to the division's shipment overseas. Grimes went on to serve as Commandant of the Cavalry School at Fort Riley, Kansas.
700:
to set up two spearheads for an attack to the east, the 2nd Armored and 30th Infantry in one and the 8th Armored and 83rd Infantry in the other. CCA was assigned to attack
3317:
1120:
surrendered except for a few strongpoints that comprised fanatical resisters unwilling to lay down their arms or soldiers who had not yet received word to surrender.
3312:
2500:
666:
658:. On 29 March the German 180th Volks Grenadier Division and the 116th Panzer Division withdrew and set up new defensive lines running through the fortress town of
583:. On 23 March all artillery units commenced firing over 130,000 rounds preceding the initial crossing of the Rhine River to be made by the 30th Infantry Division.
1054:
893:
3307:
364:
US soldiers in the Netherlands, January 1945, showing the conditions men of the 8th had to contend with in their march across France and the Low Countries.
674:
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CCA captured Dorsten early the next morning and CCB moved in to secure the area so CCA could join CCR in their advance to the east towards the town of
3322:
778:
1860:
Each battalion comprised 18 self-propelled cannon and supporting vehicles. The battalion was broken down into 5 batteries and usually organized as:
993:. The following day CCA joined the attack on Unna and CCB went into reserve. CCB had suffered 198 casualties this period. The next day CCR captured
287:
After some additional training and acquisition of new equipment at Tidworth, England, the 8th Armored Division landed in France, 5 January 1945, at
798:
3242:
2563:
937:
897:
822:
786:
925:
873:
861:
794:
682:
579:
On 22 March division artillery units moved into firing positions in preparation for the assault on the east bank of the Rhine River as part of
2369:
850:
818:
670:
627:
1069:
until the rest of the Division arrived. On 14 April the remaining units of the Division began moving to an assembly area in the vicinity of
3288:
2493:
994:
921:
805:. The US 9th Air Force continued to provide close air support as the division continued into the Ruhr Pocket through heavy fighting in the
1080:
For the period of 15–18 April CCB cleared the area near the Hartz Mountains of remnants of the 11th Panzer Army while CCA began moving to
2273:
Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths, Final Report (Statistics and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)
1189:
1014:
952:
854:
790:
734:
At the end of 3 April the division was relieved by the 83rd Inf. Div. and received orders to attack towards the west to help reduce the
267:
overseas. On 6 November 1944 the division left Camp Kilmer and boarded ships in New Jersey for the United Kingdom. The ships arrived in
1074:
1030:
971:
929:
830:
651:
1018:
1010:
990:
983:
908:. The burgomeister of Ost Onnen surrendered the town later that day. The following day CCR moved to secure the road between Werl and
631:
601:
1848:
The third side of the armored division's offensive triangle was the armored field artillery. The 8th Armored Division included the:
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979:
956:
913:
846:
842:
814:
647:
612:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3211:
2486:
936:, and 3 88 mm anti-tank guns. CCB captured Werl by late afternoon after heavy resistance during the day. They then captured
576:
organization when several cleverly camouflaged bunkers were discovered, each containing 12 to 15 fully equipped German soldiers.
619:. Heavy house to house fighting slowed the attack. New orders were received late in the next day to capture Dorsten so that the
568:. CCB was relieved at 2400 and ordered to the Venlo, the Netherlands, rest area, the relief being completed on 10 and 11 March.
3273:
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3199:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3173:
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3003:
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131:
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2641:
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1033:. On the drive west, CCR suffered 203 casualties and lost 11 tanks, 3 jeeps, 9 half-tracks. The German forces lost 6 Mark V
2729:
2724:
2718:
2621:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2463:
2285:
184:
174:
407:
and continued refitting and replacing losses during the first half of February 1945. On 19 February the division moved to
3258:
884:. CCR, in the meantime, outposted all roads northeast of Soest to facilitate an attack on the town by the 94th Inf. Div.
141:
2215:
2188:
943:
By 9 April, The threat of a German breakout had passed due to the buildup of allied troops in the area. CCB moved on
502:. Co. C of the 53rd Engineers worked through the night to bridge the Niers River which was holding up the advance on
443:
Bridge which had been captured by the 35th Infantry Division. CCA headed for the town of Wegberg. CCB moved through
767:
1053:
After leaving the Ruhr Pocket on 13 April the division moved east. The 8th participated in the liberation of the
754:
The success of the Rhine crossing operations by Allied forces encircled approximately 430,000 German soldiers of
2061:
1829:
1507:
tanks (usually not used and held as a reserve) and various peeps (World War II US Armored divisions called the
1453:
1192:. Sabotage was suspected. It is believed that these were the last official wartime casualties of the division.
403:, the Netherlands for rest and refitting absorbing approximately 200 replacements. The 8th was now part of the
3156:
3117:
3100:
2875:
2865:
2860:
2544:
412:
1477:
The primary striking force of the Armored Division was the tank. The 8th was composed of 3 tank battalions:
673:. Co. C, 53 Armored Engineers built a bridge across the canal in just 44 minutes. The next day CCR captured
2458:
2229:
1127:, commanding officer of the 26th Volks Grenadier Div and brother-in-law of Gestapo chief Heinrich Himmler.
304:
276:
217:
88:
1798:
An Anti-tank platoon with 9 bazooka rocket launchers, their crews (30 men in total) and their vehicles: 3
1489:
Each battalion comprised approximately 80 tanks and was organized as a headquarters unit and 6 companies:
369:
329:
959:. A ten-minute air strike was laid on Unna to soften it up. The Germans moved reinforcements, including
773:
On 3 April 8 turned 180 degrees in response to orders into the Ruhr Pocket and CCR attacked west toward
1915:
Batteries A, B and C consisted of 6 self-propelled guns and supporting vehicles broken out as follows:
1833:
1767:
1708:
1058:
325:
308:
520:
CCB was detached and assigned to the 35th Inf. Div. so an attack could be mounted in the direction of
337:
697:
1664:
The battalion headquarters unit was made up of the battalion command team and their vehicles; 2 – 3
1269:
March 1945. The division is also sometimes referred to as Tornado – its wartime tactical call sign.
3082:
404:
2373:
1755:
The battalion was made of 3 armored infantry companies: A, B and C which in turn were made up of:
1088:
by the XIX Corps. CCR moved from Denstorf to Braunschweig and continued screening the rear areas.
3069:
2557:
1837:
1712:
888:
545:
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to arrive at the Hilfarth Bridge and crossed after CCA. CCA tanks and infantry destroyed fifteen
2433:
1840:
mounted on the platoon's halftracks. These machine guns could be dismounted and used as needed.
1111:
from Seehausen where it in turn relieved the 330th Inf. Reg. of the 83rd Inf. Div. CCB moved to
711:
The 8th launched its attack on schedule but CCB was soon stalled by fierce German resistance at
2550:
2528:
868:
troops could be landed in case of a break-out attempt in that area. They captured the towns of
716:
1608:
Shortly after arriving in Europe, the 8th swapped its M5A1 tanks for the newer, more powerful
1212:
On 19 September the division began the 600-mile (970 km) trip to Camp Oklahoma City near
3253:
2696:
2666:
2448:
1729:
half-track and designed to fire over the rear of the vehicle) and their crews (30 men total)
1624:. None of the 8th Armored Pershing tanks engaged in combat before the close of hostilities.
1219:
There is an official 8th Armored Division memorial at the American Cemetery in the city of
2468:
860:
While CCB blocked the German withdrawal near Ost Onnen, CCA cleared the area north of the
712:
8:
2509:
1633:
1104:
853:. On 6 April, CCB made a 25-mile (40 km) 'end run' around Soest to the outskirts of
719:(known as Jabos by the troops) of the US 9th Air Corps provided close air support in the
688:
On 31 March the division was relieved by units of the 75th Inf. Div. The 8th crossed the
209:
136:
108:
2473:
2297:
1159:
881:
2513:
1139:
1081:
1049:
US Armored Infantrymen advance past an M4A3 Sherman tank in Central Germany, April 1945
685:, engaging the German defenses in Recklinghausen only 2,500 yards (2,300 m) away.
320:
213:
78:
2478:
1503:
The headquarters unit was made up of the battalion command team and their vehicles; 3
3248:
2880:
2211:
2184:
2060:
Recon units were often supported by tank destroyer units, in the case of the 8th the
1821:
1726:
1665:
1099:
while units of the 2nd Armored relieved CCR allowing it to move into the vicinity of
580:
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area and moved south to counterattack. By 9 March CCB of the 8th secured the town of
420:
416:
1156:
Aircraft of Aircraft Motors Construction Company, which produced military aircraft.
480:
312:
2417:
970:
On 10 April CCR advanced 7,000 yards (6,400 m) in fierce fighting and secured
720:
646:. Marl was cleared by nightfall. CCA then swung southeast from Dorsten heading for
514:
373:
206:
98:
2357:
US Armored Divisions: The European Theater of Operations 1944–1945 (Battle Orders)
1968:
1853:
1817:
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865:
731:. CCA attacked Sennelager directly in an attempt to reduce a German strongpoint.
472:
2449:
Tornado! The Story of the 8th Armored Division (WWII unit history booklet, 1945)
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1026:
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538:
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officer/observer who took command when not in an active tank combat situation.
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and raced 350 miles (560 km) across France through heavy snow and ice to
30:
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1931:
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CCA continued cleaning up operations in Unna while CCR captured the towns of
917:
533:
499:
452:
385:
272:
60:
607:
The 8th received orders on 27 March to secure the road running from Hamm to
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1999:
1975:
1621:
1124:
1112:
1070:
1034:
1021:. CCA was relieved on 13 April and ordered to move east of Unna across the
960:
755:
345:
307:
and was placed in reserve. In mid-January the division was seconded to the
221:
126:
1791:
A Headquarters Platoon comprising the platoon staff and their vehicles: 2
1759:
A Headquarters Platoon comprising the platoon staff and their vehicles: 2
2065:
2053:
2049:
2036:
1895:
1733:
1609:
1598:
1534:
1108:
1062:
1022:
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689:
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tanks, 72 prisoners and many dead and wounded. 8th Armored losses were 3
296:
268:
1575:
Companies A, B and C generally consisted of 17 medium tanks as follows:
750:
US soldier guarding German prisoners taken during the Ruhr Pocket Battle
701:
1825:
1737:
1696:
An HQ platoon comprising the battalion staff and their vehicles; 2 – 3
1616:
1580:
1524:
1504:
1148:
1116:
1002:
964:
825:. At the end of the day, CCB relieved CCR and attacked westward toward
728:
678:
655:
464:
436:
424:
400:
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Panzer-Grenadier Regiments had brought into the Saar-Moselle triangle.
381:
316:
1348:
Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 8th Armored Division Artillery
1143:
Newly liberated inmates of one of the Buchenwald slave-labor subcamps.
1001:
after an air strike drove 4 German tanks out of the town. The town of
1920:
1771:
1722:
1220:
1100:
1096:
1085:
1037:, 4 20 mm guns, 1 large railroad gun, and 3 tons of small arms.
905:
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806:
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565:
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521:
487:
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377:
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243:
239:
2298:"Order of Battle of the US Army - WWII - ETO - 8th Armored Division"
746:
376:
Regiments. German losses in action against 8th Armored units were 5
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1371:
Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 8th Armored Division Trains
1092:
782:
408:
300:
288:
1828:
as a personal weapon. The armored infantrymen were not issued the
1533:
These were M4A3's fitted with a 105 mm cannon and used as an
1202:
955:. The following day CCB continued the attack on Unna and captured
1153:
933:
909:
802:
616:
573:
549:
476:
468:
448:
444:
349:
1432:
88th Armored Reconnaissance Battalion: Lt. Col. T. B. Harrington
2414:"275th Armored Field Artillery Battalion Association Home Page"
2033:
1766:
3 Rifle platoons of 36 riflemen divided into 3 squads of 12, 2
1657:
3 armored infantry companies referred to as A,B and C Companies
1421:
405th Arm'd Field Artillery Battalion: Lt. Col. William McLynn
1213:
948:
510:
344:, 19–28 January 1945 aimed at reducing the salient between the
333:
2453:
2253:
1983:
The squadron was organized in troops and equipped as follows:
1684:
727:
to help CCB repel a strong German counterattack launched from
328:
drive against the Moselle-Saar salient. The 8th supported the
1744:
1277:
986:
869:
724:
553:
529:
525:
503:
495:
423:, pushing the enemy north of the Heide woods and east of the
292:
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130th Armored Ordnance Battalion: Lt. Col. I. O. Drewry. Jr.
1412:
399th Arm'd Field Artillery Battalion: Lt. Col. R. M. Lilly
1403:
398th Arm'd Field Artillery Battalion: Lt. Col R. H. Dawson
2020:
1993:
1701:
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1508:
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49th Armored Infantry Battalion: Lt. Col. M. G. Roseborough
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901:
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while CCA continued attacking south capturing the towns of
693:
643:
591:
490:, moved through the 35th Inf. Div. and secured the town of
1721:
A mortar platoon with 3 M4 mortar carriers (made up of an
1179:
1147:
The 8th liberated Halberstadt-Zwieberge, a subcamp of the
1091:
CCB completed clearing resistance from the edge of Forest
1045:
372:; specifically the 110th, 111th and elements of the 774th
360:
1820:. Crew-served weapon crewmen were usually armed with the
1428:
53rd Armored Engineer Battalion: Lt. Col. E. T. Podufaly
857:
to cut off a German breakout path from the Ruhr pocket.
762:, trapping them in an area that came to be known as the
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2267:
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1947:
1 Service Section with 1 2½ Ton Truck and 1 ¼ Ton Truck
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The 8th was composed of 3 armored infantry battalions:
1499:
4 tank companies referred to as A, B, C and D companies
1867:
3 firing batteries referred to as A, B and C Batteries
1816:
The primary weapon of the armored infantryman was the
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7th Armored Infantry Battalion: Lt. Col. A. D. Poinier
2370:"MilitaryHistoryOnline.com – US Army in World War II"
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medium machine guns as well as the 4 M1919A4's and 1
3333:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
2258:
1971:
Recon Squadron served with the 8th Armored Division.
1444:
American Red Cross Field Director: Henry J. Broemsen
896:
on the 7th to prevent the Germans from flooding the
1430:
78th Armored Medical Battalion: Lt. Col. P. D. Marx
1417:
58th Armored Infantry Battalion: Maj. George Artman
623:could be bridged allowing armor to move northward.
475:river while CCB attacked and captured the towns of
391:From Berg, the 8th continued their advance through
1555:Tanks with plows and flails for clearing obstacles
1548:The Service Company contained special units like:
1389:
1311:The division was composed of the following units:
639:Kirchellen since early that morning was relieved.
552:. The 130th Panzer Division was pulled out of the
282:
3318:Military units and formations established in 1942
2434:Military History Online – US Army in World War II
1679:
1362:88th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Mechanized)
368:Nennig and Berg were defended by elements of the
3313:United States Army divisions during World War II
3299:
2183:Leach, Charles R; In Tornado's Wake Argus, 1956
1874:
1643:7th, 49th & 58th Armored Infantry Battalions
1436:148th Armored Signal Company: Capt W. C. Jackson
1134:
1073:with CCA going to Wolfenbüttel and CCR going to
509:3 March CCB moved through CCA area and captured
1514:
1107:. On 19 April CCA was relieved and returned to
1410:36th Tank Battalion: Lt. Col. J. H. Van Houten
723:and Neuhaus areas. CCR and moved up to attack
611:. CCA attacked on the left flank and captured
419:and launched a diversionary attack as part of
355:
2494:
35:8th Armored Division shoulder sleeve insignia
1552:Tank retrievers for recovering damaged tanks
1401:18th Tank Battalion: Lt. Col. G. B. Goodrich
3308:Armored divisions of the United States Army
2429:
2427:
2225:
2223:
1774:and its crew and the platoon's vehicles: 5
1446:Military Police Platoon: Maj. W. H. Burger
258:US Infantrymen undergoing rifle instruction
2501:
2487:
1843:
1426:(attached by companies to Combat Commands)
1103:in preparation for reducing resistance in
797:before stopping for the night in front of
696:. The 8th received orders on 1 April from
238:Division was activated on 1 April 1942 at
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2006:
1979:An armored cavalry unit on reconnaissance
1647:Each battalion was organized as follows:
1438:508th CIC Detachment: Lt. A. J. Stanchick
650:. CCR attacked and captures the towns of
528:to prevent the Germans from crossing the
271:on 18 November and the division moved to
3323:1942 establishments in the United States
2424:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2220:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
1974:
1683:
1566:
1415:Combat Command R: Col. Robert J. Wallace
1406:Combat Command B: Col. Edward A. Kimball
1397:Combat Command A: Col. Charles F. Colson
1276:
1178:
1158:
1138:
1044:
887:On 7 April the eastward movement of the
745:
595:8th Armored M4A3 76(w) HVSS Sherman Tank
590:
586:
435:On 27 February, 8th Armored crossed the
430:
359:
253:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2388:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
1770:medium Machine Guns and their crews, 1
1593:Company D consisted of 17 light tanks:
1357:405th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
1354:399th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
1351:398th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
1285:Major General William Grimes 1942–1944
3300:
2193:
1589:1 M4A3 tank for the company commander.
1530:1 platoon of 3 M4A3105 Sherman tanks.
1419:80th Tank Battalion: Maj. A. E. Walker
2482:
2474:Order of Battle: 8th Armored Division
2362:
2312:
2281:
2279:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
1394:Combat command organization, 1944–45
1061:(see below). Most of CCB moved on to
770:was tasked with reducing the pocket.
2401:
2300:. US Army Center of Military History
2078:
1787:The Service Company was made up of:
1782:
1374:130th Ordnance Maintenance Battalion
548:captured a bridge over the Rhine at
1879:The HQ Bat was usually made up of:
1715:, their crews (30 men total) and 3
1627:
1442:Division Artillery: Col. W. H. Holt
626:In the meantime, CCR, located near
303:as part of the (then still secret)
13:
2276:
2234:
1938:
1832:as each rifle platoon contained 2
1750:
1692:The HQ Co was usually made up of:
1543:
1519:The HQ Co was usually made up of:
1440:Division Trains: Col. Y. D. Vesely
1040:
677:. Heading east, it passed through
315:to help stem the German drive for
14:
3344:
2442:
1954:
1910:
1852:398th, 399th & 405th Armored
1636:was developed to fill that role.
1562:
1462:Total Authorized Strength: 10,937
932:capturing 238 German soldiers, 1
411:, the Netherlands to relieve the
118:"Thundering Herd" or "Iron Snake"
3284:
3283:
2454:8th Armored Division Association
2254:8th Armored Division Association
1604:1 section of 2 M5A1 Stuart tanks
1511:a 'peep') and similar vehicles.
388:and heavy personnel casualties.
295:. The division assembled in the
71:
53:
29:
3328:1942 establishments in Kentucky
1943:The Support Battery comprised:
1390:Unit commanders 24 October 1944
1365:53rd Armored Engineer Battalion
1345:58th Armored Infantry Battalion
1342:49th Armored Infantry Battalion
758:comprising 21 divisions of the
283:England, France and 'The Bulge'
44:1 April 1942 – 14 November 1945
2396:M3 Infantry Half-Track 1940–73
2290:
2062:809th Tank Destroyer Battalion
1930:1 Headquarters Section with 1
1465:Total battle casualties: 2,011
1454:809th Tank Destroyer Battalion
1377:78th Armored Medical Battalion
1339:7th Armored Infantry Battalion
1306:
904:in the afternoon and captured
741:
1:
2208:The Battle of the Ruhr Pocket
2071:
1875:Headquarters Battery (HQ Bat)
1707:A machine gun platoon with 6
1651:A battalion headquarters Unit
1226:
1183:8th Armored M26 Pershing Tank
1135:Zwieberge concentration camps
1065:with some units remaining in
413:British 7th Armoured Division
2464:8th Armored Division History
2286:8th Armored Division History
2042:
1890:2 observation sections of 1
1680:Headquarters Company (HQ Co)
1515:Headquarters Company (HQ Co)
1368:148th Armored Signal Company
1272:
801:. The next day CCA attacked
777:. CCR captured the towns of
232:
7:
1986:
1901:Observation Airplane each.
1468:Total deaths in battle: 469
1451:473rd AAA AW (SP) Battalion
1263:
1195:
370:German 11th Panzer Division
356:Belgium and The Netherlands
275:, joining the newly formed
10:
3349:
2469:US Army History of the 8th
2026:
1923:self-propelled guns and 3
1709:M1917A1 Heavy Machine Guns
1449:Temporarily attached units
912:and captured the towns of
486:On 2 March – CCA captured
227:
3281:
3267:
2793:
2710:
2572:
2520:
1654:1 Headquarters Co (HQ Co)
1281:Major General John Devine
1084:to support the attack on
1057:concentration camps near
900:. CCB began an attack on
829:; capturing the towns of
669:on 30 March and captured
168:
165:
122:
114:
104:
94:
84:
66:
48:
40:
28:
23:
1830:Browning Automatic Rifle
1472:
1458:Strength and casualties
1233:Total battle casualties:
785:, and continued through
615:then moved on to bypass
560:as well as the towns of
330:94th Infantry Division's
1883:1 Command Section of 3
1844:Armored field artillery
1493:a Headquarters Company,
1380:Military Police Platoon
940:by the end of the day.
889:US 2nd Armored Division
546:US 9th Armored Division
2007:Troops A, B, C & D
1980:
1894:, 1 ¼ Ton truck and 1
1864:1 Headquarters Battery
1689:
1572:
1571:M4A3E8 105 Assault Gun
1481:18th, 36th & 80th
1327:Combat Command Reserve
1282:
1184:
1165:
1144:
1050:
751:
667:Rappholtz-Muhlen Canal
630:launched an attack on
596:
399:The division moved to
365:
259:
157:U.S. Armored Divisions
2064:. The 809th used the
1978:
1743:A Recon Platoon of 6
1713:M2 Heavy Machine guns
1687:
1676:or similar vehicles.
1570:
1496:a Service Company and
1280:
1182:
1162:
1142:
1055:Halberstadt-Zwieberge
1048:
749:
594:
587:The Rhine to the Ruhr
494:at the confluence of
431:The Roer to the Rhine
363:
319:, part of the German
257:
16:WW2 US Army formation
1704:or similar vehicles.
1318:Headquarters Company
894:Moehne Talsperre Dam
532:River. CCB attacked
203:8th Armored Division
185:9th Armored Division
175:7th Armored Division
24:8th Armored Division
2459:US Holocaust Museum
2420:on 20 October 2009.
2230:US Holocaust Museum
1808:Other support units
1424:Service battalions:
1336:80th Tank Battalion
1333:36th Tank Battalion
1330:18th Tank Battalion
1025:to the vicinity of
963:into Unna from the
692:, and assembled at
513:while CCR captured
415:in the vicinity of
216:that served in the
2514:United States Army
2376:on 25 January 2007
2206:Whiting, Charles,
1981:
1690:
1573:
1283:
1251:Missing in action:
1245:Wounded in action:
1223:, The Netherlands
1185:
1166:
1145:
1051:
768:Twelfth Army Group
752:
597:
471:, and crossed the
366:
321:Operation Nordwind
260:
214:United States Army
79:United States Army
3295:
3294:
1950:1 Medical Section
1934:and 1 ¼ Ton Truck
1927:and 1 ¼ Ton Truck
1887:and 1 ¼ Ton Truck
1870:1 Service Battery
1688:M4 mortar carrier
1660:1 Service Company
1239:Killed in action:
1115:and CCR moved to
1017:, Ottendorf, and
581:Operation Plunder
544:The same day the
421:Operation Grenade
324:took part in the
199:
198:
195:
194:
149:
148:
3340:
3287:
3286:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2436:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2416:. Archived from
2410:
2399:
2394:Zaloga, Steven,
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2372:. Archived from
2366:
2360:
2355:Zaloga, Steven,
2353:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2294:
2288:
2283:
2274:
2271:
2256:
2251:
2232:
2227:
2218:
2204:
2191:
2181:
2068:76 mm GMC.
1919:2 sections of 3
1776:M3A1 Half-tracks
1761:M3A1 Half-tracks
1717:M3A1 Half-tracks
1698:M3A1 Half-tracks
1670:M3A1 Half-tracks
1634:Armored Infantry
1628:Armored infantry
1597:3 platoons of 5
1579:3 platoons of 5
1324:Combat Command B
1321:Combat Command A
1257:Prisoner of war:
721:Teutoburg Forest
704:, CCB to attack
675:Kolonie Bertlich
665:CCR crossed the
374:Panzer Grenadier
218:European Theater
163:
162:
154:
153:
77:
75:
74:
59:
57:
56:
33:
21:
20:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3277:
3263:
2881:23rd (Americal)
2789:
2706:
2568:
2516:
2507:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2412:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2354:
2313:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2259:
2252:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2210:, Random, 1970
2205:
2194:
2182:
2079:
2074:
2045:
2029:
2009:
1989:
1969:Armored Cavalry
1957:
1941:
1939:Support Battery
1913:
1877:
1854:Field Artillery
1846:
1818:M1 Garand rifle
1785:
1783:Service Company
1753:
1751:Rifle companies
1682:
1630:
1586:1 M4A3 105 tank
1565:
1546:
1544:Service Company
1523:1 platoon of 3
1517:
1475:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1309:
1275:
1266:
1229:
1198:
1174:V-1 flying bomb
1137:
1043:
1041:Central Germany
744:
717:fighter-bombers
589:
433:
358:
285:
248:combat commands
235:
230:
152:
137:Ardennes-Alsace
99:Armored warfare
72:
70:
54:
52:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3346:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3293:
3292:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3239:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3203:
3196:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3085:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2989:
2984:
2977:
2972:
2965:
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2953:
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2924:
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2895:
2888:
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2506:
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2498:
2491:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2444:
2443:External links
2441:
2438:
2437:
2423:
2400:
2398:, Osprey, 1995
2387:
2361:
2359:, Osprey, 2004
2311:
2289:
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2039:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1985:
1973:
1972:
1956:
1955:Reconnaissance
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1928:
1925:M3A1Halftracks
1912:
1911:Firing battery
1909:
1908:
1907:
1899:
1898:
1888:
1885:M3A1Halftracks
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1842:
1824:pistol or the
1810:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:M3A1Halftracks
1796:
1793:M3A1Halftracks
1784:
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1295:John M. Devine
1293:Major General
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1207:Czechoslovakia
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775:Recklinghausen
743:
740:
660:Recklinghausen
588:
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429:
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313:Pont-à-Mousson
305:Fifteenth Army
299:area of upper
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277:Fifteenth Army
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142:Central Europe
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2052:tanks (Later
2051:
2047:
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2038:
2035:
2031:
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2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
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2001:
1997:
1995:
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1984:
1977:
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1964:
1961:
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1946:
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1932:M3A1Halftrack
1929:
1926:
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1892:M3A1Halftrack
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1805:Medical units
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1736:platoon of 3
1735:
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1558:Medical Units
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1035:Panther tanks
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898:Moehne Valley
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715:. On 3 April
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481:Ober Kruchten
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453:Geilenkirchen
450:
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273:Tidworth Camp
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61:United States
51:
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3254:Panama Canal
3241:
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2800:
2717:
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2579:
2556:
2549:
2527:
2418:the original
2395:
2390:
2378:. Retrieved
2374:the original
2364:
2356:
2302:. Retrieved
2292:
2207:
2059:
2037:assault guns
2016:Armored Cars
2002:Armored Cars
1982:
1962:
1958:
1942:
1914:
1900:
1878:
1859:
1847:
1815:
1811:
1786:
1754:
1700:and various
1691:
1672:and various
1663:
1646:
1638:
1631:
1622:M26 Pershing
1614:
1612:light tank.
1607:
1601:Stuart tanks
1592:
1581:M4A3 Sherman
1574:
1547:
1525:M4A3 Sherman
1518:
1505:M4A3 Sherman
1502:
1488:
1476:
1457:
1448:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1393:
1315:Headquarters
1310:
1292:
1284:
1267:
1256:
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1244:
1238:
1232:
1218:
1211:
1199:
1186:
1171:
1167:
1146:
1129:
1125:Heinz Kokott
1122:
1113:Westerhausen
1090:
1079:
1071:Braunschweig
1067:Wolfenbüttel
1052:
1027:Wolfenbüttel
1008:
969:
961:Hitler Youth
942:
926:Schluckingen
886:
874:Brullinggsen
862:Moehne River
859:
811:
795:Ebbinghausen
772:
756:Army Group B
753:
733:
710:
687:
683:Langenbochum
664:
641:
625:
606:
598:
578:
570:
543:
519:
515:Saint Hubert
508:
485:
434:
398:
390:
382:M4A3 Sherman
367:
286:
265:
261:
236:
222:World War II
202:
200:
188:
178:
127:World War II
18:
2066:M18 Hellcat
2054:M24 Chaffee
1896:Stinson L-5
1772:60mm mortar
1734:assault gun
1723:81mm mortar
1610:M24 Chaffee
1535:assault gun
1307:Composition
1205:in western
1109:Wernigerode
1105:Blankenburg
1063:Halberstadt
1059:Langenstein
1023:Weser River
999:Fröndenberg
976:Bausenhagen
851:Altenruthen
819:Schmerlacke
764:Ruhr Pocket
742:Ruhr Pocket
736:Ruhr Pocket
690:Lippe River
671:Buer-Hassel
636:Kirchhellen
628:Bruckhausen
621:Lippe River
500:Nette River
496:Niers River
492:Wachtendonk
467:, captured
386:Half-tracks
297:Bacqueville
269:Southampton
123:Engagements
115:Nickname(s)
3302:Categories
3259:Philippine
2380:4 February
2072:References
1856:Battalions
1826:M1 Carbine
1485:Battalions
1227:Casualties
1164:battalion.
1149:Buchenwald
1117:Aspenstedt
1003:Billmerich
995:Hohenheide
967:garrison.
965:Muelhausen
947:capturing
934:Tiger tank
922:Vierhausen
882:Westendorf
729:Sennelager
679:Westerholt
656:Feldhausen
437:Roer River
425:Roer River
405:Ninth Army
401:Simpelveld
332:attack on
326:Third Army
317:Strasbourg
309:Third Army
2510:Divisions
2043:Company F
1967:The 88th
1921:M7 105 mm
1302:Division.
1273:Commander
1221:Margraten
1190:Munchshaf
1101:Stroebeck
1097:Derenburg
1095:south of
1086:Magdeburg
1082:Seehausen
1015:Ostendorf
953:Hemmerude
906:Gerlingen
878:Ellingsen
855:Ost Onnen
839:Anroechte
807:Lippstadt
791:Oberhagen
760:Wehrmacht
706:Paderborn
698:XIX Corps
558:Ossenberg
522:Rheinberg
488:Lobberich
469:Tetelrath
465:pillboxes
461:Brachelen
457:Randerath
384:tanks, 4
378:Panzer IV
244:Camp Polk
240:Fort Knox
233:Stateside
132:Rhineland
3289:Category
3268:Mountain
3249:Hawaiian
2794:Infantry
2521:Airborne
1987:HQ Troop
1738:M4A3 105
1297:1944–45
1264:Nickname
1196:Post war
1093:Heimburg
1075:Denstorf
1031:Denstorf
972:Stentrop
930:Wiehagen
831:Schallen
783:Norddorf
702:Delbrück
652:Scholven
534:Lintfort
511:Aldekerk
441:Hilfarth
439:via the
409:Roermond
352:Rivers.
301:Normandy
289:Le Havre
210:division
189:Inactive
179:Inactive
166:Previous
109:Division
2711:Cavalry
2573:Armored
2512:of the
2027:Troop E
1834:M1919A4
1822:M1911A1
1768:M1919A4
1617:M4A3 76
1154:Junkers
1019:Dellwig
1011:Hengsen
991:Fromern
984:Beutrap
910:Wickede
803:Erwitte
713:Neuhaus
632:Zweckel
617:Dorsten
602:Spellen
574:Werwolf
566:Wallach
550:Remagen
477:Arsbeck
473:Schwalm
449:Gangelt
445:Sittard
350:Moselle
228:History
212:of the
207:armored
205:was an
49:Country
2304:22 May
2214:
2187:
2034:M8 HMC
1214:Rheims
1203:Pilsen
989:, and
980:Scheda
957:Lernen
949:Holtun
918:Bremen
914:Parsit
880:, and
866:glider
849:, and
847:Drewer
843:Mensel
815:Klieve
809:area.
793:, and
779:Stripe
766:. The
648:Polsum
613:Im Loh
459:, and
334:Nennig
76:
67:Branch
58:
41:Active
3243:108th
3237:106th
3231:104th
3225:103rd
3219:102nd
3212:100th
2564:108th
2558:101st
2021:Jeeps
1994:Jeeps
1745:jeeps
1740:tanks
1702:jeeps
1674:jeeps
1583:tanks
1527:tanks
1473:Armor
1247:1,572
1235:2,011
987:Wemen
870:Wamel
835:Lohne
827:Soest
799:Horne
725:Elsen
609:Soest
562:Borth
554:Wesel
539:Alpen
530:Rhine
526:Wesel
504:Moers
293:Rouen
89:Armor
3274:10th
3206:99th
3200:98th
3194:97th
3188:96th
3181:95th
3174:94th
3168:93rd
3163:92nd
3157:91st
3151:90th
3146:89th
3141:88th
3136:87th
3130:86th
3124:85th
3118:84th
3112:83rd
3107:81st
3101:80th
3095:79th
3089:78th
3083:77th
3077:76th
3070:75th
3064:71st
3059:70th
3054:69th
3049:66th
3044:65th
3039:63rd
3034:51st
3029:49th
3024:48th
3019:47th
3014:46th
3009:45th
3004:44th
2999:43rd
2993:42nd
2987:41st
2981:40th
2975:39th
2969:38th
2963:37th
2957:36th
2950:35th
2943:34th
2937:33rd
2932:32nd
2927:31st
2922:30th
2916:29th
2909:28th
2903:27th
2898:26th
2892:25th
2886:24th
2876:19th
2871:17th
2866:13th
2861:12th
2856:11th
2785:66th
2780:65th
2775:64th
2770:63rd
2765:62nd
2760:61st
2755:24th
2750:23rd
2745:22nd
2740:21st
2735:15th
2702:50th
2697:49th
2692:48th
2687:40th
2682:30th
2677:27th
2672:25th
2667:22nd
2662:20th
2657:19th
2652:16th
2647:14th
2642:13th
2637:12th
2632:11th
2627:10th
2551:82nd
2545:80th
2540:17th
2535:13th
2529:11th
2382:2007
2306:2020
2212:ISBN
2185:ISBN
2050:M5A1
1727:M2A1
1711:, 3
1666:M2A1
1615:The
1599:M5A1
1509:jeep
1483:Tank
1383:Band
997:and
951:and
945:Unna
928:and
902:Werl
833:and
821:and
781:and
694:Selm
681:and
654:and
644:Marl
634:and
564:and
524:and
498:and
479:and
417:Echt
393:Sinz
348:and
346:Saar
342:Sinz
340:and
338:Berg
291:and
201:The
169:Next
105:Size
95:Role
85:Type
2851:9th
2846:8th
2840:7th
2834:6th
2829:5th
2823:4th
2816:3rd
2809:2nd
2802:1st
2730:3rd
2725:2nd
2719:1st
2622:9th
2617:8th
2612:7th
2607:6th
2602:5th
2597:4th
2592:3rd
2587:2nd
2581:1st
2048:17
2019:23
2012:12
1992:10
1732:An
1668:or
1241:393
864:so
220:of
3304::
2426:^
2403:^
2314:^
2278:^
2260:^
2236:^
2222:^
2195:^
2080:^
2032:8
2014:M8
2000:M8
1998:4
1838:M2
1259:41
1077:.
1013:,
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974:,
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920:,
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2384:.
2308:.
2056:)
1802:.
1795:.
1778:.
1763:.
1537:.
1253:5
191:)
187:(
181:)
177:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
