995:"The English symphony is almost entirely a twentieth-century creation. When in 1903 Vaughan Williams began to sketch the songs for chorus and orchestra that became A Sea Symphony, Elgar had not yet emerged as a symphonist. And, extraordinary though it may seem, Elgar's First (1908) is the earliest symphony by an English composer in the permanent repertory. . . By the time Vaughan Williams had completed his Ninth – in 1958, a few months before his death at the age of 85 – the English symphony . . . had become a central figure of our musical revival. To say that Vaughan Williams played a major part in bringing this about is to state the obvious: throughout much of the period he was actively involved in English musical life, not only as a composer but as a teacher, conductor, organiser and, increasingly, advisor of young men". (5)
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1007:“…a triumph of instinct over environment. The tone is optimistic, Whitman's emphasis on the unity of being and the brotherhood of man comes through strongly, and the vitality of the best things in it has proved enduring. Whatever the indebtedness to Parry and Stanford, and in the finale to Elgar, there is no mistaking the physical exhilaration or the visionary rapture".
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To facilitate more performances of the work, the full score also includes the provision that it may be performed by a reduced orchestra of two flutes (second doubling piccolo), one oboe, cor anglais, two clarinets, two bassoons, four horns, three trumpets, three trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion,
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in 1910 with the composer conducting, and its maturity belies the relatively young age – 30 – when he began sketching it. Moreover, it is one of the first symphonies in which a chorus is used throughout as an integral part of the texture and it helped set the stage for a new era of symphonic and
1018:“…he was aware of the common aspirations of generations of ordinary men and women with whom he felt a deep, contemplative sympathy. And so there is in his work a fundamental tension between traditional concepts of belief and morality and a modern spiritual anguish which is also visionary".
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or apprentice works that have never been published and are long since withdrawn from circulation. Nevertheless, Vaughan
Williams had never before attempted a work of quite this duration, or for such large forces, and it was his first of what would eventually be nine symphonies. Like
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manifests itself not only in the life of the composer (his first symphony and first work of such an immense scale), but also in the newfound support and appreciation of the
English symphony and 20th century English music in general.
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was also beginning to make waves in the compositional world, where fluidity of structure was beginning to be more attractive than traditional, metrical settings of text. Vaughan
Williams sets sections from the following poems in
221:, Vaughan Williams delayed a long time before composing his first symphony, but remained prolific throughout the end of his life: his final symphony was composed from 1956 to 1958, and completed when he was 85 years of age.
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is the longest of all
Vaughan Williams's symphonies. Although it represents a departure from the traditional Germanic symphonic tradition of the time, it follows a fairly standard symphonic outline: fast introductory
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From 1903 to 1909, Ralph
Vaughan Williams worked intermittently on a series of songs for chorus and orchestra that were to become his most lengthy project to date and his first true symphony. Originally titled
853:, this was to provide quite a contrast to the Germanic tradition handed down through Stanford and Parry at the RCM, and perhaps began to give Vaughan Williams a greater sense for colour and a freedom to move
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The chorus sings in all four movements. Both soloists are featured in the first and last movements, while only the baritone sings in the second movement. The scherzo is for the chorus and orchestra alone.
901:. The first is the harmonic motive of two chords (usually one major and one minor) whose roots are a third apart. This is the first thing that occurs in the symphony; the brass fanfare is a
161:
1150:. London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1989. See esp. chap. 1, "The Parlour and the Open Sea: Conformity and Nonconformity in Toward the Unknown Region and A Sea Symphony".
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In the common method of counting musical rhythms, the pattern could be spoken as 'one two-and three-two-three four', showing that the second beat is divided into
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article, are expected. Not only were the four writing during the same era and in the same country, Vaughan
Williams studied with both Stanford and Parry at the
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The first movement lasts roughly twenty minutes; the inner movements approximately eleven and eight minutes, and the finale lasts roughly thirty minutes.
2539:
1242:; Leningrad Musical Society Choir and Rimsky-Korsakov Musical School Choir; Melodiya SUCD 10-00234 (Grand Hall of Leningrad Philharmony, 30 April 1988)
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is among the best-known of a host of sea-related pieces being written around the same time in
England, some of the most famous of which are Stanford's
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was first performed in 1910 at the Leeds
Festival on the composer's 38th birthday. This is generally cited as his first large-scale work; although
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1014:, in what has become the definitive biography of her husband Ralph Vaughan Williams, writes of his philosophy in a more general sense:
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in 1908–1909, but Ravel paid him the great compliment of calling him "the only one of my students who does not write my music".
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1258:—Marshall (sop)/Roberts (bar)/LS Chorus/Philharmonia; Virgin VC7 90843-2 (All Saints Church, Tooting, 27 Feb to 2 March 1989)
1347:—Llewellyn (sop)/Farnsworth (bar)/BBC Symphony Chorus/BBC SO; Hyperion CDA 68245 (Blackheath Halls, London, 14–15 Oct. 2017)
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Heirs and Rebels: Letters written to each other and occasional writings on music by Ralph
Vaughan Williams and Gustav Holst
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1974:
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Slatkin—Rodgers (sop)/Keenlyside (bar)/choruses/BBC SO; BBC Music
Magazine MM 244 (Royal Albert Hall, 10 September 2001)
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1280:—Valente (sop)/Allen (bar)/Philharmonia Chorus/Philharmonia; RCA Red Seal 09026-61197-2 (Abbey Road, 19–20 June 1992)
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1287:—Roocroft (sop)/Hampson (bar)/BBC Symphony Chorus/BBC SO; Teldec 4509-94550-2 (Blackheath Halls, London, Feb. 1994)
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1274:—Kenny (sop)/Rayner Cook (bar)/LS Chorus/LSO; Chandos CHAN 8764 (St Jude-on-the-Hill, Hampstead, 19–22 June 1989)
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281:. Though Whitman's poems were little known in England at the time, Vaughan Williams was introduced to them by
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1140:. Edited by Byron Adams and Robin Wells. Aldershot and Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Press, 2003. pp. 235–268.
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1201:—Blighton (sop)/Cameron (bar)/choruses/BBC SO; Carlton BBC Radio Classics 15656 9150-2 (22 September 1965)
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1039:. London: Faber and Faber, 1963. Republished in facsimile by Scholarly Press, Inc. St. Clair Shores, MI.
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As I watch the bright stars shining, I think a thought of the clef of the universes and of the future.
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1353:—Fox (sop)/Stone (bar)/Liverpool Phil Choir/RLPO; Onyx 4185 (Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, Nov. 2017)
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between 1903 and 1909. The first and longest of his nine symphonies, it was first performed at the
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of the period. Almost certainly, this music was in Vaughan Williams's mind as he finished work on
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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Hickox—Gritton (sop)/Finley (bar)/LS Chorus/LSO; Chandos CHSA 5047 (Barbican Hall, 3–4 June 2006)
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But do you reserve especially for yourself and for the soul of man one flag above all the rest,
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69:
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Boult – Armstrong (sop)/Case (bar)/LP Choir/LPO, HMV SLS 780 (Kingsway Hall, 23–26 Sept. 1968)
285:, a family friend. Vaughan Williams was attracted to them for their ability to transcend both
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2154:
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1959:
1892:
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Ottaway, Hugh and Alain Frogley. "Vaughan Williams, Ralph". Grove Music Online. ed. L. Macy,
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1248:, conductor—Joan Rodgers, soprano; William Shimell, baritone; Liverpool Philharmonic Choir;
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choral music in Britain during the first half of the 20th century. It was never numbered.
8:
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Of unnamed heroes in the ships—of waves spreading and spreading far as the eye can reach,
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and Chorus; Telarc CD 80588 (Symphony Hall, Atlanta, 10–11 Nov. 2001); winner of 2003
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lists some 16 other orchestral works composed by Vaughan Williams before he completed
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McGuire, Charles Edward. "Vaughan Williams and the English Music Festival, 1910." In
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1105:, ("Deathbed edition" 1891–92). London: J. M. Dent Ltd., 1993. First published 1855.
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1330:/MDR Sinfonie-Orchester; Querstand VKJK 0731 (Gewandhaus, Leipzig, 4 February 2007)
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874:
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306:
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1268:; Cantilena; London Philharmonic; EMI CDC 7 49911 2 (Abbey Road, 19–21 March 1989)
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for three months in Paris in the winter of 1907–1908. Though he worked chiefly on
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is an hour-long work for soprano, baritone, chorus and large orchestra written by
19:
This article is about the symphony by Ralph Vaughan Williams. For the symphony by
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The wake of the sea-ship after she passes, flashing and frolicsome under the sun,
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Of the few, very choice, taciturn, whom fate can never surprise nor death dismay.
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See, where their white sails, bellying in the wind, speckle the green and blue,
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Thoughts, silent thoughts, of Time and Space and Death, like waters flowing,
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800:(1905) may also have been influential in this apparent nautical obsession.
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1252:; EMI Eminence CD EMX 2142 (Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, 27–29 July 1988)
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A spiritual woven signal for all nations, emblem of man elate above death,
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Amid the wafting winds, (thou pressing me to thee, I thee to me, O soul,)
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Of sea-captains young or old, and the mates, and of all intrepid sailors,
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and Chorus; Nippon Columbia OP 7103 (Festival Hall, Osaka, 13 July 1973)
1032:, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. First published 1961.
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With questionings, baffled, formless, feverish, with never-happy hearts,
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Thou sea that pickest and cullest the race in time, and unitest nations,
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1337:, conductor—Katherine Broderick, soprano; Roderick Williams, baritone;
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1194:; Decca LXT 2907-08 (Kingsway Hall, 28–30 Dec. 1953 and 1 January 1954)
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Unspeakable high processions of sun and moon and countless stars above,
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Larger and smaller waves in the spread of the ocean yearnfully flowing,
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Light of the light, shedding forth universes, thou centre of them, ...
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1926:
1115:
Clark, F. R. C. "The Structure of Vaughan Williams' 'Sea' Symphony".
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Of ships sailing the seas, each with its special flag or ship-signal,
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After the great captains and engineers have accomplished their work,
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Yet soul be sure the first intent remains, and shall be carried out,
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A pennant universal, subtly waving all time, o'er all brave sailors,
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Reminiscent of them, twined from all intrepid captains young or old,
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290:
1228:, conductor—Sakae Himoto, soprano; Koichi Tajiona, baritone; with
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All souls, all living bodies though they be ever so different, ...
1296:, conductor—Christine Goerke, soprano; Brett Polegato, baritone;
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and Chorus; RCA Red Seal SER 5585 (Kingsway Hall, 9–16 Feb. 1970)
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A motley procession with many a fleck of foam and many fragments,
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Where the great vessel sailing and tacking displaced the surface,
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And shall forever span them and compactly hold and enclose them.
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Pick'd sparingly without noise by thee old ocean, chosen by thee,
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1317:& Chorus; Naxos 8.557059 (Poole Arts Centre, 8–10 Jan. 2002)
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article on Vaughan Williams, Ottaway and Frogley call the work:
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With that sad incessant refrain, Wherefore unsatisfied soul? ...
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Below, the manifold grass and waters, animals, mountains, trees,
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Toward that whirling current, laughing and buoyant, with curves,
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Below, a myriad myriad waves hastening, lifting up their necks,
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Token of all brave captains and all intrepid sailors and mates,
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See, the steamers coming and going, steaming in or out of port,
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As the old mother sways her to and fro singing her husky song,
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A Song for All Seas, All Ships (baritone, soprano, and chorus)
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chord, followed by the choir singing the same chord, singing
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Following the stately and rapid ship, in the wake following.
212:, including two with chorus, the vast majority of those are
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and Choir; Hallé CD HLL 7542 (Bridgewater Hall, March 2014)
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For we are bound where mariner has not yet dared to go, ...
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Sailing these seas or on the hills, or waking in the night,
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Alternate light and day and the teeming spiritual darkness,
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
1264:—Felicity Lott, soprano; Jonathan Summers, baritone; with
1238:, conductor—Smoryakova, soprano; Vasiliev, baritone; with
596:
Reckless O soul, exploring, I with thee, and thou with me,
554:
Whose air I breathe, whose ripples hear, lave me all over,
494:
Adam and Eve appear, then their myriad progeny after them,
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With inscrutable purpose, some hidden prophetic intention,
446:
Waves of the ocean bubbling and gurgling, blithely prying,
255:
The Explorers (baritone, soprano, semi-chorus, and chorus)
963:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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O daring joy, but safe! are they not all the seas of God?
572:
But that I, turning, call to thee O soul, thou actual Me,
440:
After the white-gray sails taut to their spars and ropes,
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presents the following observation in its introduction:
537:
Fearless for unknown shores on waves of ecstasy to sail,
422:
This vast similitude spans them, and always has spann'd,
344:
And out of these a chant for the sailors of all nations,
448:
Waves, undulating waves, liquid, uneven, emulous waves,
444:
Tending in ceaseless flow toward the track of the ship,
420:
All lives and deaths, all of the past, present, future,
330:
See, dusky and undulating, the long pennants of smoke.
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Wandering, yearning, ..., with restless explorations,
570:
At Nature and its wonders, Time and Space and Death,
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Flaunt out visible as ever the various ship-signals!
951:) and the third beat is divided into triplets (for
578:
And fillest, swellest full the vastnesses of Space.
342:
Of dashing spray, and the winds piping and blowing,
935:The second motive is a melodic figure juxtaposing
591:Cut the hawsers—haul out—shake out every sail! ...
489:Now first it seems my thought begins to span thee.
418:All identities that have existed or may exist ...,
249:On the Beach at Night, Alone (baritone and chorus)
525:The true son of God shall come singing his songs.
357:Suckled by thee, old husky nurse, embodying thee,
2506:
1073:. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1972.
365:Flaunt out O sea your separate flags of nations!
324:And on its limitless, heaving breast, the ships;
57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
909:. The full orchestra then comes in on the word
552:Bear me indeed as through the regions infinite,
479:Cover'd all over with visible power and beauty,
1170:There are at least 20 recordings of the work:
1126:. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2000.
1056:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
438:After the sea-ship, after the whistling winds,
385:And on its limitless heaving breast, the ships
2520:Choral compositions by Ralph Vaughan Williams
2048:
1372:
877:, now often considered idiomatic features of
861:relationships, a unifying harmonic motive of
523:Finally shall come the poet worthy that name,
492:Down from the gardens of Asia descending ...,
1078:https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic
509:Who speak the secret of impassive earth? ...
505:Ah who shall soothe these feverish children?
2427:Walt Whitman Birthplace State Historic Site
1240:USSR Ministry of Culture Symphony Orchestra
576:Thou matest Time, smilest content at Death,
543:Chanting our chant of pleasant exploration.
535:Joyous we too launch out on trackless seas,
16:Symphony composed by Ralph Vaughan Williams
2055:
2041:
1386:
1379:
1365:
1049:. New York: Oxford University Press, 1950.
823:(RCM), and his preparations for composing
594:Sail forth—steer for the deep waters only,
583:Bounding O soul thou journeyest forth; ...
2540:Musical settings of poems by Walt Whitman
1148:Vaughan Williams and the Vision of Albion
556:Bathe me O God in thee, mounting to thee,
146:Learn how and when to remove this message
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
2358:When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd
2197:When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd
1161:. London: Oxford University Press, 1959.
1133:. London: Oxford University Press, 1954.
1098:. London: Oxford University Press, 1964.
1085:The Symphonies of Ralph Vaughan Williams
1066:. London: Oxford University Press, 1964.
589:Away O soul! hoist instantly the anchor!
568:Swiftly I shrivel at the thought of God,
558:I and my soul to range in range of thee.
507:Who Justify these restless explorations?
375:And all that went down doing their duty,
159:
2006:Vaughan Williams and English folk music
973:
941:And, on its limitless heaving breast...
857:as block units. His partiality towards
574:And lo, thou gently masterest the orbs,
541:Caroling free, singing our song of God,
2507:
1994:Society for the Promotion of New Music
1250:Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra
514:Perhaps even now the time has arrived.
381:One flag, one flag above all the rest.
242:, and finale. The four movements are:
2036:
1612:Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra
1360:
1302:Grammy Award for Best Classical Album
1096:A Biography of Ralph Vaughan Williams
633:and a large orchestra consisting of:
517:After the seas are all crossed, (...)
408:A vast similitude interlocks all, ...
2515:Symphonies by Ralph Vaughan Williams
1547:Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis
410:All distances of place however wide,
99:
29:
2462:Walt Whitman High School (New York)
2457:Walt Whitman High School (Maryland)
2141:Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking
1975:English Folk Dance and Song Society
1064:The Works of Ralph Vaughan Williams
563:Nameless, the fibre and the breath,
13:
2350:Secular Cantata No. 2: A Free Song
1554:Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus
1109:
607:O farther, farther, farther sail!
477:O vast Rondure, swimming in space,
14:
2551:
2259:Life and Adventures of Jack Engle
1944:Vaughan Williams Memorial Library
1119:34, no. 1 (February 1973): 58–61.
1094:Vaughan Williams, Ursula. R.V.W.
1089:University of Massachusetts Press
359:Indomitable, untamed as thee. ...
2492:
2415:Walt Whitman and Abraham Lincoln
2228:
2062:
2018:
2017:
1638:Six Studies in English Folk Song
616:
546:O soul thou pleasest me, I thee,
164:First page of the full score to
104:
34:
827:included study of both Elgar's
336:To-day a rude brief recitative,
293:perspectives. Whitman's use of
2085:Come Up from the Fields Father
1728:Folk Songs of the Four Seasons
1315:Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra
1309:, conductor—Rodgers, soprano;
845:Vaughan Williams studied with
521:After the noble inventors, ...
1:
2530:Music for orchestra and organ
1602:Suite for Viola and Orchestra
1326:—McGreevy (sop)/Hakala (bar)/
1165:
1153:Vaughan Williams, Ursula and
1131:The Music of Vaughan Williams
1022:
897:contains two strong unifying
754:
229:At approximately 70 minutes,
1880:(1946 historical drama film)
1669:Fantasia on Christmas Carols
960:
922:
401:On the beach at night alone,
315:Song for all Seas, all Ships
224:
7:
2127:One Hour to Madness and Joy
1633:Romance for viola and piano
1561:The Story of a Flemish Farm
1071:Vaughan Williams Symphonies
989:Vaughan Williams Symphonies
621:The symphony is scored for
581:Greater than stars or suns,
433:", (taken in its entirety):
394:On the Beach at Night Alone
252:Scherzo: The Waves (chorus)
10:
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2190:This Dust Was Once the Man
2113:A Noiseless Patient Spider
2099:Hush'd Be the Camps To-Day
1877:The Loves of Joanna Godden
1298:Atlanta Symphony Orchestra
913:, which has resolved into
888:
412:All distances of time, ...
188:
18:
2400:
2285:
2237:
2226:
2070:
2014:
1988:The Oxford Book of Carols
1952:
1936:
1911:
1836:
1811:
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1646:
1625:
1575:
1527:Symphony No. 9 in E minor
1522:Symphony No. 8 in D minor
1509:Symphony No. 6 in E minor
1504:Symphony No. 5 in D major
1499:Symphony No. 4 in F minor
1467:
1458:Job: A Masque for Dancing
1449:
1403:
1394:
1266:London Philharmonic Choir
1220:London Symphony Orchestra
1188:London Philharmonic Choir
2106:I Sing the Body Electric
1901:The England of Elizabeth
1054:Vaughan Williams Studies
679:, three trumpets, three
611:
533:We too take ship O soul,
531:O we can wait no longer,
43:This article includes a
2092:Crossing Brooklyn Ferry
1920:English Folk Song Suite
1735:Three Shakespeare Songs
1138:Vaughan Williams Essays
1012:Ursula Vaughan Williams
965:download the audio file
927:download the audio file
869:also makes use of both
747:one harp, and strings.
731:(1st and 4th movements)
603:O farther farther sail!
502:Whither O mocking life?
383:Behold, the sea itself,
322:Behold, the sea itself,
262:
72:more precise citations.
25:Symphony No. 7 (Hanson)
2120:O Captain! My Captain!
1885:Scott of the Antarctic
1872:(1945 propaganda film)
1440:The Pilgrim's Progress
1388:Ralph Vaughan Williams
1236:Gennadi Rozhdestvensky
1047:Ralph Vaughan Williams
839:The Dream of Gerontius
821:Royal College of Music
311:Song of the Exposition
178:Ralph Vaughan Williams
168:
126:by rewriting it in an
2472:Whitman-Walker Health
2183:Song of the Open Road
2155:Pioneers! O Pioneers!
1960:Anglican church music
1774:Whither Must I Wander
1080:(subscription access)
387:All seas, all ships.
346:Fitful, like a surge.
163:
1700:Five Tudor Portraits
1397:List of compositions
1083:Schwartz, Elliot S.
1052:Frogley, Alain, ed.
974:Reception and legacy
937:duplets and triplets
561:O Thou transcendent,
2444:Walt Whitman Bridge
2148:Patrolling Barnegat
1662:Five Mystical Songs
1311:Christopher Maltman
1192:London Philharmonic
2467:Walt Whitman Shops
2432:Walt Whitman House
2410:Walt Whitman Award
2162:Prayer of Columbus
1981:The English Hymnal
1970:Curse of the ninth
1912:Other compositions
1904:(1955 documentary)
1869:Stricken Peninsula
1584:The Lark Ascending
1540:Norfolk Rhapsodies
1533:In the Fen Country
1515:Sinfonia antartica
1230:Osaka Philharmonic
1216:John Shirley-Quirk
833:(1898–99) and his
771:Songs of the Fleet
431:After the Sea-ship
169:
128:encyclopedic style
115:is written like a
45:list of references
2535:1909 compositions
2525:Choral symphonies
2480:
2479:
2438:The Long Islander
2366:The Wound-Dresser
2267:Democratic Vistas
2134:One's Self I Sing
2077:(1855–1892)
2030:
2029:
1848:(1940 drama film)
1714:Serenade to Music
1676:O clap your hands
1492:Pastoral Symphony
1484:A London Symphony
1433:Riders to the Sea
1426:The Poisoned Kiss
1313:, baritone; with
1226:Kazuyoshi Akiyama
1218:, baritone; with
1186:, baritone; with
1178:, conductor—Dame
1035:Dickinson, A. E.
969:
931:
875:whole tone scales
830:Enigma Variations
238:, slow movement,
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2342:Dona nobis pacem
2275:Passage to India
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2020:
1953:Related articles
1861:The Flemish Farm
1827:The First Nowell
1812:Incidental music
1707:Dona nobis pacem
1655:A Cambridge Mass
1518:(Symphony No. 7)
1495:(Symphony No. 3)
1487:(Symphony No. 2)
1479:(Symphony No. 1)
1468:Orchestral works
1419:Sir John in Love
1381:
1374:
1367:
1358:
1357:
1328:MDR Rundfunkchor
1144:Mellers, Wilfrid
1124:Vaughan Williams
1117:The Music Review
1087:. Amherst: The
1060:Kennedy, Michael
1037:Vaughan Williams
1030:Vaughan Williams
774:(1910), Elgar's
765:Songs of the Sea
720:suspended cymbal
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697:
601:O my brave soul!
467:Passage to India
416:All nations, ...
283:Bertrand Russell
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1783:On Wenlock Edge
1767:Songs of Travel
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1742:O taste and see
1721:An Oxford Elegy
1682:Mass in G minor
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785:
782:Frank Bridge
780:(1899), and
777:Sea Pictures
775:
769:
763:
759:
758:
749:
745:
689:Percussion:
675:Brass: four
620:
586:
528:
474:
473:
437:
400:
362:
333:
321:
299:
287:metaphysical
276:
273:Walt Whitman
268:
267:The text of
266:
258:
230:
228:
209:
203:
199:
195:
192:
172:
171:
170:
165:
157:
142:
133:
114:
84:
75:
64:Please help
56:
2294:Elegiac Ode
2286:Adaptations
2238:Other works
1896:(1950 film)
1888:(1948 film)
1856:(1942 film)
1837:Film scores
1759:Vocal music
1576:Concertante
1307:Paul Daniel
1214:, soprano;
1182:, soprano;
893:Musically,
768:(1904) and
651:cor anglais
271:comes from
136:August 2022
70:introducing
2509:Categories
2452:(Davidson)
1789:Four Hymns
1694:Magnificat
1591:Flos Campi
1335:Mark Elder
1166:Recordings
1023:References
871:pentatonic
755:Influences
295:free verse
2403:honoraria
2334:Sea Drift
2302:Sea Drift
2219:Drum-Taps
2213:Sea-Drift
1937:Namesakes
1927:Sea Songs
1820:The Wasps
987:'s book,
953:limitless
712:bass drum
708:side drum
681:trombones
655:clarinets
225:Structure
214:juvenilia
196:The Ocean
2420:Lectures
2401:Life and
2204:Sections
2199:" (1865)
2192:" (1871)
2185:" (1856)
2178:" (1855)
2171:" (1855)
2164:" (1900)
2157:" (1865)
2150:" (1856)
2143:" (1859)
2136:" (1867)
2129:" (1860)
2122:" (1865)
2115:" (1891)
2108:" (1855)
2101:" (1865)
2094:" (1855)
2087:" (1865)
2023:Category
842:(1900).
835:oratorio
805:Stanford
790:(1911).
716:triangle
696:♯
667:bassoons
627:baritone
307:Movement
291:humanist
236:movement
2208:Calamus
1157:, eds.
1091:, 1964.
999:In the
945:quavers
915:D major
899:motives
889:Motives
859:mediant
792:Debussy
787:The Sea
740:strings
691:timpani
643:piccolo
623:soprano
313:” and “
240:scherzo
189:History
122:Please
66:improve
2485:Portal
2393:(2004)
2385:(1999)
2377:(1996)
2374:Lilacs
2369:(1989)
2361:(1946)
2353:(1942)
2345:(1936)
2337:(1933)
2329:(1930)
2321:(1919)
2313:(1909)
2305:(1906)
2297:(1884)
2278:(1871)
2270:(1871)
2262:(1852)
2254:(1842)
1450:Ballet
949:on its
855:chords
811:, and
797:La mer
738:, and
665:, two
653:, two
645:, two
639:flutes
631:chorus
219:Brahms
23:, see
1749:Hodie
1404:Opera
1001:Grove
955:).
947:(for
847:Ravel
817:Grove
813:Elgar
809:Parry
736:harps
729:Organ
677:horns
647:oboes
612:Music
205:Grove
51:, or
1333:Sir
1283:Sir
1197:Sir
1174:Sir
873:and
685:tuba
309:1: “
289:and
263:Text
911:sea
794:'s
784:'s
706:),
275:'s
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1190:;
1146:.
1062:.
1045:.
917:.
807:,
722:,
718:,
714:,
710:,
702:–F
693:(F
683:,
669:,
661:,
657:,
649:,
641:,
629:,
625:,
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198:,
55:,
47:,
2487::
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2188:"
2181:"
2174:"
2167:"
2160:"
2153:"
2146:"
2139:"
2132:"
2125:"
2118:"
2111:"
2104:"
2097:"
2090:"
2083:"
2056:e
2049:t
2042:v
1776:"
1772:"
1380:e
1373:t
1366:v
967:.
929:.
742:.
704:3
700:2
587:9
529:8
475:5
469:"
396:"
363:2
334:1
317:"
149:)
143:(
138:)
134:(
130:.
91:)
85:(
80:)
76:(
62:.
27:.
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