Adi Shankara - Knowledge

3415: 5807:, p. 67): "Before the eighth century, the Buddha was accorded the position of universal deity and ceremonies by which a king attained to imperial status were elaborate donative ceremonies entailing gifts to Buddhist monks and the installation of a symbolic Buddha in a stupa ... This pattern changed in the eighth century. The Buddha was replaced as the supreme, imperial deity by one of the Hindu gods (except under the Palas of eastern India, the Buddha's homeland) ... Previously the Buddha had been accorded imperial-style worship (puja). Now as one of the Hindu gods replaced the Buddha at the imperial centre and pinnacle of the cosmo-political system, the image or symbol of the Hindu god comes to be housed in a monumental temple and given increasingly elaborate imperial-style puja worship." 2724:

doctrines. The early Vedanta scholars were from the upper classes of society, well-educated in traditional culture. They formed a social elite, "sharply distinguished from the general practitioners and theologians of Hinduism." Their teachings were "transmitted among a small number of selected intellectuals". Works of the early Vedanta schools do not contain references to Vishnu or Shiva. It was only after Shankara that "the theologians of the various sects of Hinduism utilized Vedanta philosophy to a greater or lesser degree to form the basis of their doctrines," whereby "its theoretical influence upon the whole of Indian society became final and definitive." Examples are

2769:, which was dominant in territories conquered by the Vijayanagara Empire. Furthermore, sects competed for patronage from the royal court, and tried to convert others to their own sectarian system. Vidyaranya and his brothers, note Paul Hacker and other scholars, wrote extensive Advaitic commentaries on the Vedas and Dharma to make "the authoritative literature of the Aryan religion" more accessible. Vidyaranya was an influential Advaitin, and he created legends to turn Shankara, whose elevated philosophy had no appeal to gain widespread popularity, into a "divine folk-hero who spread his teaching through his 5870:, pp. 44–45: "Shankara accuses them of disregarding all logic and refuses to enter in a controversy with them. The position of Shankara is interesting because, at heart, he is in full agreement with the Madhyamikas, at least in the main lines, since both maintain the reality of the One-without-a-second, and the mirage of the manifold. But Shankara, as an ardent hater of Buddhism, would never confess that. He therefore treats the Madhyamika with great contempt on the charge that the Madhyamika denies the possibility of cognizing the Absolute by logical methods (pramana). 3636:

scholars; these include: Kaushitaki Upanishad, Maitri Upanishad, Kaivalya Upanishad, Paramahamsa Upanishad, Sakatayana Upanishad, Mandala Brahmana Upanishad, Maha Narayana Upanishad, Gopalatapaniya Upanishad. However, in Brahmasutra-Bhasya, Shankara cites some of these Upanishads as he develops his arguments, but the historical notes left by his companions and disciples, along with major differences in style and the content of the commentaries on later Upanishad have led scholars to conclude that the commentaries on later Upanishads were not Shankara's work.

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scholar Shankara, while the monastery continues to recognize its 509 BCE chronology. Also, as per astronomical details given in books Shankara Satpatha, Shankara Vijaya, Brihat Shakara Vijaya and Prachina Shankara Vijaya, it is believed that Shankaracharya was born in 509 BCE. According to Kanhi Peetham, having established his divine mission, the incomparable Sankara attained his BrahmTbhava (identity with Brahman) at Kanchi, in the precincts of Sri Kamakshi, in his 32nd year, in 2625 Kali, in the cyclic year Raktakshi, corresponding to 476 B.C.

3652: 58: 3597: 4164:(Sanskrit: आप्तवचन, sayings of the wise, relying on word, testimony of past or present reliable experts). It is part of his and Advaita Vedanta's epistemological foundation. The Advaita Vedanta tradition considers such testimony epistemically valid, asserting that a human being needs to know numerous facts, and with the limited time and energy available, he can learn only a fraction of those facts and truths directly. Shankara considered the teachings in the Vedas and Upanishads as 4246:

hearing is merged into the mind, whose nature consists of thinking about things, and the mind is in turn merged into the intellect, which Sankara then says is made into 'mere cognition' (vijnanamatra); that is, all particular cognitions resolve into their universal, which is cognition as such, thought without any particular object. And that in turn is merged into its universal, mere Consciousness (prajnafnaghana), upon which everything previously referred to ultimately depends.

5944:: "The experiencing self (jīva) and the transcendental self of the Universe (ātman) are in reality identical (both are Brahman), though the individual self seems different as space within a container seems different from space as such. These cardinal doctrines are represented in the anonymous verse "brahma satyam jagan mithya; jīvo brahmaiva na aparah" (Brahman is alone True, and this world of plurality is an error; the individual self is not different from Brahman)." 14474: 2580: 5066: 14464: 2816: 11707: 1105: 5052: 5038: 2827: 175: 1167: 5080: 4708:...I am one He is another; I am ignorant, experience pleasure and pain, am bound and a transmigrator he is essentially different from me, the god not subject to transmigration. By worshipping Him with oblation, offerings, homage and the like through the the actions prescribed for class and stage of life, I wish to get out of the ocean of transmigratory existence. How am I he? 4817:; opponents have even accused Shankara of being a "crypto-Buddhist," a qualification which is rejected by the Advaita Vedanta tradition, given the differences between these two schools. According to Shankara, a major difference between Advaita and Mahayana Buddhism are their views on Atman and Brahman. According to both Loy and Jayatilleke, more differences can be discerned. 5938:: "There is only Brahman, which is necessarily undifferentiated. It follows that there cannot even be a difference, or duality, between the human subject, or self, and Brahman, for Brahman must be that very self (since Brahman is the reality underlying all appearance). The goal of human life and wisdom must, therefore, be the realization that the self (ātman) is Brahman." 3962:, "and not with the establishment of a complete system of philosophy or theology," following Potter, who qualifies Shankara as a "speculative philosopher." Lipner notes that Shankara's "main literary approach was commentarial and hence perforce disjointed rather than procedurally systematic though a systematic philosophy can be derived from Samkara's thought." 3235:, proclaiming that it was established by Shankara himself, as part of his campaign to propagate Shankara's Advaita Vedanta. Vidyaranya enjoyed royal support, and his sponsorship and methodical efforts helped establish Shankara as a rallying symbol of values, spread historical and cultural influence of Shankara's Vedānta philosophies, and establish monasteries ( 2265:. Reliable information on Shankara's actual life is scanty, and his true impact lies in his "iconic representation of Hindu religion and culture," despite the fact that most Hindus do not adhere to Advaita Vedanta. Tradition also portrays him as the one who reconciled the various sects (Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Saktism) with the introduction of the 5573:, pp. 6–7): "...these modern interpreters are implying that most Advaitins after Samkara's time are confused and basically mistaken, and that 99% of the extant classical interpretive literature on Samkara's philosophy is off the mark. This is clearly a remarkably radical conclusion. Yet, there is good reason to think that it may well be true. 2712:." He argues that most of post-Shankara Advaita Vedanta actually deviates from Shankara, and that only his student Suresvara, who's had little influence, represents Shankara correctly. In this view, Shankara's influential student Padmapada misunderstood Shankara, while his views were manitained by the Suresvara school. 3958:'s Vedānta tradition. According to Mayeda, Shankara represents a turning point in the development of Vedānta, yet he also notices that it is only since Deussens's praise that Shankara "has usually been regarded as the greatest philosopher of India." Mayeda further notes that Shankara was primarily concerned with 5842:) in section 1.18.133 of Upadesasahasri, and section 1.1.4 of Brahmasutra-bhasya. NB: some manuscripts list Upadesasahasri verse 1.18.133 as 2.18.133, while Mayeda lists it as 1.18.133, because of interchanged chapter numbering. See Upadesa Sahasri: A Thousand Teachings, S Jagadananda (Translator, 1949), 4144:(means of knowledge) of reason and experience. Hacker and Phillips note that his insight into rules of reasoning and hierarchical emphasis on epistemic steps is "doubtlessly the suggestion" of Shankara in Brahma-sutra-bhasya, an insight that flowers in the works of his companion and disciple Padmapada. 4133:

According to Michael Comans (aka Vasudevacharya), Shankara considered perception and inference as a primary most reliable epistemic means, and where these means to knowledge help one gain "what is beneficial and to avoid what is harmful", there is no need for or wisdom in referring to the scriptures.

2723:

states that prior to Shankara, views similar to his already existed, but did not occupy a dominant position within the Vedanta. Until the 11th century, Vedanta itself was a peripheral school of thought; Vedanta became a major influence when it was utilized by various sects of Hinduism to ground their

5490:

have been issued to Sankara right towards the end of his career. King Sudhanwa is referred to not only by Jinavijaya but also by biographers like Madhava and Sadánanda." Citsukha's Brhat-Sankara Vijaya also gives us the year of 2663 of Yudhi. Saka i.e., 476 B.C. as the year of Sankara's passing away.

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springs only from inquiry into the teachings of the Upanishads. The method of yoga, encouraged in Shankara's teachings notes Comans, includes withdrawal of mind from sense objects as in Patanjali's system, but it is not complete thought suppression, instead it is a "meditative exercise of withdrawal

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rightly interprets this point as referring to the opinion of the Madhyamikas that logic is incapable to solve the question about what existence or non-existence really are. This opinion Shankara himself, as is well known, shares. He does not accept the authority of logic as a means of cognizing the

5503:

leading to some confusion, discrepancies and scholarly disputes. The chronology stated in Kanchi Matha texts recognizes five major Shankaras: Adi, Kripa, Ujjvala, Muka and Abhinava. According to the Kanchi Matha tradition, it is "Abhinava Shankara" that western scholarship recognizes as the Advaita

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Arun Kumar Upadhyay: "The copper-plate of King Sudhanwa, said to have been issued to Sankara and now in the possession of Government on behalf of Dwärká Mutt, bears the date as Yudhisthira Saka 2663, Åsvin Sukla 15. This gives us 476 B.C. as the relevant year of his death. The copper-plate seems to

4716:," which is mediated by scriptural teachings, is contrasted with the notion of "I act," which is mediated by relying on sense-perception and the like. According to Shankara, the statement "Thou art That" "remove the delusion of a hearer," "so through sentences as "Thou art That" one knows one's own 4156:

Buddhists, while himself resorting to revelation as a source of knowledge. Sircar in 1933 offered a different perspective and stated, "Sankara recognizes the value of the law of contrariety and self-alienation from the standpoint of idealistic logic; and it has consequently been possible for him to

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of the 7th century CE. power became decentralised in India. Several larger kingdoms emerged, with "countless vasal states". The kingdoms were ruled via a feudal system. Smaller kingdoms were dependent on the protection of the larger kingdoms. "The great king was remote, was exalted and deified", as

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According to Koller, Shankara, and his contemporaries, made a significant contribution in understanding Buddhism and the ancient Vedic traditions, then transforming the extant ideas, particularly reforming the Vedanta tradition of Hinduism, making it India's most important "spiritual tradition" for

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as partial truths which converged in Shankara's teachings, which was regarded to be the most inclusive system. The Vaishanava traditions of Dvaita and Visishtadvaita were not classified as Vedanta, and placed just above Buddhism and Jainism, reflecting the threat they posed for Vidyaranya's Advaita

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the type of yoga which Sankara presents here is a method of merging, as it were, the particular (visesa) into the general (samanya). For example, diverse sounds are merged in the sense of hearing, which has greater generality insofar as the sense of hearing is the locus of all sounds. The sense of

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teach liberation as something apart from the knowledge of the oneness of the Self. Knowledge alone and insights relating to true nature of things, taught Shankara, is what liberates. He placed great emphasis on the study of the Upanisads, emphasizing them as necessary and sufficient means to gain

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has been questioned, though it is "so closely interwoven into the spiritual heritage of Shankara that any analysis of his perspective which fails to consider would be incomplete." According to Grimes, "modern scholars tend to reject its authenticity as a work by Shankara," while "traditionalists

2799:, proclaiming that it was established by Shankara himself. Vidyaranya enjoyed royal support, and his sponsorship and methodical efforts helped establish Shankara as a rallying symbol of values, spread historical and cultural influence of Shankara's Vedānta philosophies, and establish monasteries ( 2696:

as the source of avidya. It sees yogic practice and contemplation as the main factor in the acquirement of liberation, while the study of the Vedas and reflection are additional factors. The later Advaita Vedanta tradition incorporated Maṇḍana Miśra into the Shankara-fold, by identifying him with

2649:

According to Clark, "Sankara was relatively unknown during his life-time, and probably for several centuries after, as there is no mention of him in Buddhist or jain sources for centuries; nor is he mentioned by other important philosophers of the ninth and tenth centuries." According to King and

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tend to accept it." Nevertheless, does Grimes argue that "there is still a likelihood that Śaṅkara is the author of the Vivekacūḍāmaṇi," noting that "it differs in certain respects from his other works in that it addresses itself to a different audience and has a different emphasis and purpose."

3635:

Commentaries on Nrisimha-Purvatatapaniya and Shveshvatara Upanishads are attributed to Shankara, but their authenticity is highly doubtful. Similarly, commentaries on several early and later Upanishads attributed to Shankara are rejected by scholars to be his works, and are likely works of later

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started to take shape, as Advaitins in the Vijayanagara Empire competed for patronage from the royal court, and tried to convert others to their sect. It is only during this period that the historical fame and cultural influence of Shankara and Advaita Vedanta was established. Many of Shankara's

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and various traditions within Hinduism were competing for members. Buddhism in particular had emerged as a powerful influence in India's spiritual traditions in the first 700 years of the 1st millennium CE, but lost its position after the 8th century, and began to disappear in India. This was

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which had previously existed before him". According to Nakamura, after the growing influence of Buddhism on Vedānta, culminating in the works of Gauḍapāda, Adi Shankara gave a Vedantic character to the Buddhistic elements in these works, synthesising and rejuvenating the doctrine of Advaita.

3035:

Thereafter, the hagiographies about Shankara vary significantly. Different and widely inconsistent accounts of his life include diverse journeys, pilgrimages, public debates, installation of yantras and lingas, as well as the founding of monastic centers in north, east, west and south India.

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Scholars note that one of the most cited Shankara hagiographies, Anandagiri's, includes stories and legends about historically different people, but all bearing the same name of Sri Shankaracarya or also referred to as Shankara but likely meaning more ancient scholars with names such as

2865:

of Adi Shankara's life. These, as well as other hagiographical works on Shankara, were written many centuries to a thousand years after Shankara's death, in Sanskrit and non-Sanskrit languages, and the hagiographies are filled with legends and fiction, often mutually contradictory.

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with Govindapada, and Shankara authoring several key works in his youth, while he was studying with his teacher. It is with his teacher Govinda, that Shankara studied Gaudapadiya Karika, as Govinda was himself taught by Gaudapada. Most also mention a meeting with scholars of the

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schools, each with Advaita notions, of which four have continued in his tradition: Bharati (Sringeri), Sarasvati (Kanchi), Tirtha and Asramin (Dvaraka). Other monasteries that record Shankara's visit include Giri, Puri, Vana, Aranya, Parvata and Sagara – all names traceable to

3448:). However, most of these are not authentic works of Shankara, and are likely to be written by his admirers, or scholars whose name was also Shankaracharya. Piantelli has published a complete list of works attributed to Adi Sankara, along with issues of authenticity for most. 2596:. Hagiographies from the 14th-17th century portray him as a victor who travelled all over India to help restore the study of the Vedas According to Frank Whaling, "Hindus of the Advaita persuasion (and others too) have seen in Sankara the one who restored the Hindu 2520:

CE: Late 20th-century and early 21st-century scholarship tends to place Shankara's life in the first half of the 8th century. This estimate is based on the probable earliest and latest limits for his lifetime. His works contains traces of debates with Buddhist and

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The disintegration of central power also lead to regionalisation of religiosity, and religious rivalry. Local cults and languages were enhanced, and the influence of "Brahmanic ritualistic Hinduism" was diminished. Rural and devotional movements arose, along with

2846:

Reliable information on Shankara's actual life is scanty. His existing biographies are not historical accurate documents, but politically motivated hagiographies which were all written several centuries after his time and abound in legends and improbable events.

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elevated Advaita Vedanta "as the connecting theological thread that united Hinduism into a single religious tradition." Shankara became "an iconic representation of Hindu religion and culture," despite the fact that most Hindus do not adhere to Advaita Vedanta.

5561:, p. 128: "Although it is common to find Western scholars and Hindus arguing that Sankaracarya was the most influential and important figure in the history of Hindu intellectual thought, this does not seem to be justified by the historical evidence." 4900:

of the Bhedabheda Vedānta tradition, similarly around 800 CE, accused Shankara's Advaita as "this despicable broken down Mayavada that has been chanted by the Mahayana Buddhists", and a school that is undermining the ritual duties set in Vedic orthodoxy.

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According to Nakamura, comparison of the known teachings of the early Vedantins and Shankara's thought shows that most of the characteristics of Shankara's thought "were advocated by someone before Śankara". Shankara "was the person who synthesized the

5932:, pp. 100–101: "Atman, which is identical to Brahman, is ultimately the only reality and the appearance of plurality is entirely the work of ignorance the self is ultimately of the nature of Atman/Brahman Brahman alone is ultimately real." 5909:

as their witness. It is considered more reasonable to give up only of the two which arises from ignorance. I.18.7: "The notion, "I am the Existent," arises from right means of knowledge the other notion has its origin in fallacious means of

4720:, the witness of all internal organs," and not from any actions. With this realization, the performance of rituals is prohibited, "since rituals and their requisites is contradictory to the realization of the identity with the highest 2972:

or else the crocodile will kill him. The mother agrees, Shankara is freed and leaves his home for education. He reaches a Saivite sanctuary along a river in a north-central state of India, and becomes the disciple of a teacher named

4137:

Merrell-Wolff states that Shankara accepts Vedas and Upanishads as a source of knowledge as he develops his philosophical theses, yet he never rests his case on the ancient texts, rather proves each thesis, point by point using the

3100:, a Hindu pilgrimage site in the Himalayas. Texts say that he was last seen by his disciples behind the Kedarnath temple, walking in the Himalayas until he was not traced. Some texts locate his death in alternate locations such as 4340:. According to Shankara, the individual Ātman and Brahman seem different at the empirical level of reality, but this difference is only an illusion, and at the highest level of reality they are really identical. The real self is 2644:

Although it is common to find Western scholars and Hindus arguing that Sankaracarya was the most influential and important figure in the history of Hindu intellectual thought, this does not seem to be justified by the historical

3374:, is added. Panchayatana puja is a practice that became popular in medieval India, and has been attributed to Adi Shankara. However, archaeological evidence suggests that this practice long predates the birth of Adi Shankara. 2434:

Several different dates have been proposed for Shankara. While the Advaita-tradition assigns him to the 5th century BCE, the scholarly-accepted dating places Shankara to be a scholar from the first half of the 8th century CE.

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While often revered as the most important Indian philosopher, the historical influence of his works on Hindu intellectual thought has been questioned. Until the 10th century Shankara was overshadowed by his older contemporary

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Kena Upanishad has two commentaries that are attributed to Shankara – Kenopnishad Vakyabhasya and Kenopnishad Padabhasya; scholars contest whether both are authentic, several suggesting that the Vakyabhasya is unlikely to be

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parents. His parents were an aged, childless, couple who led a devout life of service to the poor. They named their child Shankara, meaning "giver of prosperity". His father died while Shankara was very young. Shankara's

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From this, and a large number of other accordances, Nakamura concludes that Shankar was not an original thinker, but "a synthesizer of existing Advaita and the rejuvenator, as well as a defender, of ancient learning."

2289:, and there is no mention of him in concurring Hindu, Buddhist or Jain sources until the 11th century. The popular image of Shankara started to take shape in the 14th century, centuries after his death, when Sringeri 5582:

The hagiographies of Shankara mirror the pattern of synthesizing facts, fiction and legends as with other ancient and medieval era Indian scholars. Some hagiographic poems depict Shankara as a reincarnation of deity

2563:

805–897 CE: Venkiteswara not only places Shankara later than most, but also had the opinion that it would not have been possible for him to have achieved all the works apportioned to him, and has him live ninety-two

4933:, a term more common in Hinduism, is the similar liberating release from craving and ignorance, yet aided by the realization and acceptance that one's inner Self is not a personal 'ego-self', but a Universal Self. 5641:

era (pre-300 CE). The Kushan period set includes Shiva, Vishnu, Surya, Brahma and one deity whose identity is unclear. According to James Harle, major Hindu temples from 1st millennium CE embed the

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While the details and chronology vary, most hagiographies present Shankara as traveling widely within India, Gujarat to Bengal, and participating in public philosophical debates with different orthodox schools of

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According to Nakamura, Shankara was not an original thinker, but systematised the works of preceding philosophers. The central theme of Shankara's writings is the liberating knowledge of the identity of the Self

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Up.I.18.219: "The renunciation of all actions becomes the means for discriminating the meaning of the word "Thou" since there is an teaching, "Having become calm, self-controlled " (Bhr. Up. IV, 4, 23)."

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from the particular and identification with the universal, leading to contemplation of oneself as the most universal, namely, Consciousness". Describing Shankara's style of yogic practice, Comans writes:

3593:(प्रकरण, monographs, treatise), seventy-six works are attributed to Shankara. Modern era Indian scholars such as Belvalkar as well as Upadhyaya accept five and thirty-nine works respectively as authentic. 5024:

was released in an Indian Telugu-language biographical film written and directed by J. K. Bharavi and was later dubbed in Kannada with the same title, by Upendra giving narration for the Kannada dubbed

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Despite Shankara's criticism of certain schools of Mahayana Buddhism, Shankara's philosophy shows strong similarities with the Mahayana Buddhist philosophy which he attacks. According to S.N. Dasgupta,

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or "means to gain knowledge, reasoning methods that empower one to gain reliable knowledge". According to Sengaku Mayeda, "in no place in his works does he give any systematic account of them," taking

4114:), and "an investigation of the means of knowledge is of no use for the attainment of final release." Mayeda notes that Shankara's arguments are "strikingly realistic and not idealistic," arguing that 4854:

According to Mudgal, Shankara's Advaita and the Buddhist Madhyamaka view of ultimate reality are compatible because they are both transcendental, indescribable, non-dual and only arrived at through a

10847: 9067:, pp. 57–58: "Shankara directly identifies this awakened atman with Brahman and the higher knowledge. And Brahman, reminds the Advaitist, is known only from the Upanishadic sayings". 4838:

of Nagarjuna The debts of Shankara to the self-luminosity of the Vijnanavada Buddhism can hardly be overestimated. There seems to be much truth in the accusations against Shankara by

4619:, that is, the sense-objects and sense-organs, and the pleasant and unpleasant things and merit and demerit connected with them. Yet, Shankara then concludes with declaring that only 2757:, also known as Madhava, who was the 12th Jagadguru of the Śringeri Śarada Pītham from 1380 to 1386 and a minister in the Vijayanagara Empire, inspired the re-creation of the Hindu 8843: 5879:

Absolute, but he deems it a privilege of the Vedantin to fare without logic, since he has Revelation to fall back upon. From all his opponents, he requires strict logical methods."

3296:("five-shrine worship") as a solution to varied and conflicting devotional practices. Thus one could worship any one of five deities (Vishnu, Siva, Durga, Surya, Ganesa) as one's 4001:

According to Shankara, the one unchanging entity (Brahman) alone is real, while changing entities do not have absolute existence. Shankara's primary objective was to explain how

4313:, which states that for proper understanding one must "accept only meanings that are compatible with all characteristics" and "exclude meanings that are incompatible with any". 3627:

is the oldest surviving. However, in that commentary, he mentions older commentaries like those of Dravida, Bhartrprapancha and others which are either lost or yet to be found.

2692:. His thought was mainly inspired by Mandana Miśra, and harmonises Shankara's thought with that of Mandana Miśra. The Bhamati school takes an ontological approach. It sees the 4499:, "the Existent" Existence, Being, or Brahman, the Real, the "Root of the world," the true essence or root or origin of everything that exists. "Tvam" refers to one's real I, 2507:, Macdonnel, Pathok, Deussen and Radhakrishna. Though the 788–820 CE dates are widespread in 20th-century publications, recent scholarship has questioned the 788–820 CE dates. 2482:

state that Shankara was born in the 14th year of the reign of "Vikramaditya", but it is unclear to which king this name refers. Though some researchers identify the name with

4328:, liberation from suffering and rebirth and attaining immortality, is attained by disidentification from the body-mind complex and gaining self-knowledge as being in essence 3167:

Most of the notable authors in the advaita tradition were members of the sannyasa tradition, and both sides of the tradition share the same values, attitudes and metaphysics.

2414:

opponents have even accused Shankara of being a "crypto-Buddhist," a qualification which is rejected by the Advaita Vedanta tradition, highlighting their respective views on

9451: 6977:, Journal of Indian Philosophy Vol. 7, No. 1 (MARCH 1979), pp. 1-42: "Hindus of the Advaita persuasion (and others too) have seen in Sankara the one who restored the Hindu 4657:. Vācaspati Miśra, a student of Mandana Misra, agreed with Mandana Misra, and their stance is defended by the Bhamati-school, founded by Vācaspati Miśra. In contrast, the 3969:

school of Hinduism, but most distinctly express his Advaitin convictions with a monistic view of spirituality, and his commentaries mark a turn from realism to idealism.

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Vidya-sankara, Sankara-misra and Sankara-nanda. Some hagiographies are probably written by those who sought to create a historical basis for their rituals or theories.

8120: 8072: 4269:

Shankara cautioned against cherrypicking a phrase or verse out of context from Vedic literature, and remarks in the opening chapter of his Brahmasutra-Bhasya that the

2347:). However, most of these are likely to be written by admirers or pretenders or scholars with an eponymous name. Works known to be written by Shankara himself are the 4692:. The "doctrine of difference" is wrong, asserts Shankara, because, "he who knows the Brahman is one and he is another, does not know Brahman". The false notion that 3678:

are also attributed to Shankara, as his original philosophical treatises, but this is doubtful. Paul Hacker has also expressed some reservations that the compendium

10964: 5478:, p. 63: "The Buddhist schools reject any Ātman concept. As we have already observed, this is the basic and ineradicable distinction between Hinduism and Buddhism". 10386:

Goodding, Robert A. (2013), "A Theologian in a South Indian Kingdom: The Historical Context of the Jivanmuktiviveka of Vidyaranya", in Lindquist, Steven E. (ed.),

4134:

In certain matters related to metaphysics and ethics, says Shankara, the testimony and wisdom in scriptures such as the Vedas and the Upanishads become important.

3884:

Shankara lived in the time of the great "Late classical Hinduism", which lasted from 650 till 1100 CE. This era was one of political instability that followed the

7539:

Joël André-Michel Dubois (2014). The Hidden Lives of Brahman: Sankara's Vedanta Through His Upanisad Commentaries, in Light of Contemporary Practice. SUNY Press.

2964:(hermit) from early childhood. His mother disapproved. A story, found in all hagiographies, describe Shankara at age eight going to a river with his mother, 1087: 5179: 4637:

was advocated by Mandana Misra, the older contemporary of Shankara who was the most influential Advaitin until the 10th century. "According to Mandana, the

3000:

The hagiographies vary in their description of where he went, who he met and debated and many other details of his life. Most mention Shankara studying the

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This includes also the dualistic Vaishna bhakti traditions, which have also commented on the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras, but take a different stance.

3920:, though "sectarian groupings were only at the beginning of their development". Religious movements had to compete for recognition by the local lords, and 3084:, Chitsukha, Prthividhara, Chidvilasayati, Bodhendra, Brahmendra, Sadananda and others, who authored their own literature on Shankara and Advaita Vedanta. 9920:

David Loy (1982), Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?, International Philosophical Quarterly, 23(1), pp. 65–74

4180:

and others state that Shankara did not rely exclusively on Vedic statements, but also used a range of logical methods and reasoning methodology and other

3965:

Shankara has been described as influenced by Shaivism and Shaktism, but his works and philosophy suggest greater overlap with Vaishnavism, influence of

2503:

788–820 CE: This was proposed by late 19th and early twentieth century scholars, following K.P. Tiele, and was customarily accepted by scholars such as

2624:, the simultaneous worship of five deities – Ganesha, Surya, Vishnu, Shiva and Devi, arguing that all deities were but different forms of the one 2277:, the simultaneous worship of five deities – Ganesha, Surya, Vishnu, Shiva and Devi, arguing that all deities were but different forms of the one 3933:

reflected in the change of puja-ceremonies at the courts in the 8th century, where Hindu gods replaced the Buddha as the "supreme, imperial deity".

13390: 13038: 9992:

Thomas McFaul (2006), The Future of Peace and Justice in the Global Village: The Role of the World Religions in the Twenty-first Century, Praeger,

4743:(a fire ritual), asserts Shankara, can help draw and prepare the mind for the journey to Self-knowledge. He emphasizes the need for ethics such as 5587:, much like other Indian scholars are revered as reincarnation of other deities; for example, Mandana-misra is depicted as an embodiment of deity 3818:

more than a thousand years. Benedict Ashley credits Adi Shankara for unifying two seemingly disparate philosophical doctrines in Hinduism, namely

3187:

under an umbrella grouping of ten names. Several other Hindu monastic and Ekadandi traditions remained outside the organisation of the Dasanāmis.

4925:, a term more often used in Buddhism, is the liberating 'blowing out' of craving, aided by the realization and acceptance that there is no Self ( 3104:(Tamil Nadu) and somewhere in the state of Kerala.According to the hagiographies related to the monastery of Kanchi, Adi Sankara died at Kanchi. 5281: 4410:

in Ch.U.6.12.3, it' original location from where it was copied to other verses, referring to "the very nature of all existence as permeated by "

7137:, pp. 346–347, 420–423: "There is little firm historical information about Suresvara; tradition holds Suresvara is same as Mandana Misra". 4348:. Whereas the difference between Ātman and non-Ātman is deemed self-evident, knowledge of the identity of Ātman and Brahman is revealed by the 2612:

lineages. Tradition portrays him as the one who reconciled the various sects (Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Saktism) with the introduction of the

5355: 10213: 3052:(monasteries), but this is uncertain. Ten monastic orders in different parts of India are generally attributed to Shankara's travel-inspired 10709:

Lipner, Julius (2000), "The Self of Being and the Being of Self: Samkara on "That You Are" (Tat Tvam Asi)", in Malkovsky, Bradley J. (ed.),

5448:

is central to Brahmanical thought). Put very briefly, this is the doctrine that human beings have no soul, no self, no unchanging essence."

4765:

Shankara, while rejecting empirical reality due to his position of nonduality, still attributes value to the universe as it identifies with

5916:, p. 219: "Brahman (the Absolute) is alone real; this world is unreal; and the Jiva or individual soul is non-different from Brahman." 2791:

allegiance. Bhedabheda wasn't mentioned at all, "literally written out of the history of Indian philosophy." Such was the influence of the

11404: 14533: 12645: 11798: 5008: 4521:, the Witness of all the internal organs." Up.I.18.190: "Through such sentences as " the Existent" right knowledge concerning the inner 4168:

and a valid source of knowledge. He suggests the importance of teacher-disciple relationship on combining logic and revelation to attain

9958:(1986), The Face of Truth: A Study of Meaning and Metaphysics in the Vedantic Theology of Rāmānuja, State University of New York Press, 5464: 4250:

Shankara rejected those yoga system variations that suggest complete thought suppression leads to liberation, as well the view that the

3436:

Adi Shankara is highly esteemed in contemporary Advaita Vedanta, and over 300 texts are attributed to his name, including commentaries (

8898:

Franklin Merrell-Wolff (1995), Transformations in Consciousness: The Metaphysics and Epistemology, State University of New York Press,

3414: 2795:, that early Indologists also regarded Advaita Vedanta as the most accurate interpretation of the Upanishads. And Vidyaranya founded a 2187: 431: 10136:

Bhatawadekar, Sai (2013), "The Tvat Tam Asi Formula and Schopenhauer's 'Deductive Leap'", in Fuechtner, Veronika; Rhiel, Mary (eds.),

10107: 8251: 2670:

became the normative Advaita Vedanta theory of error, and for a couple of centuries he was the most influential Vedantin. His student

14593: 14437: 9123:

Mayeda & Tanizawa (1991), Studies on Indian Philosophy in Japan, 1963–1987, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 529–535

5792: 5000: 2981:, where they met, as well as what happened later. Several texts suggest Shankara schooling with Govindapada happened along the river 12740: 11727: 5310:, pp. 29–31) notes that the Rigveda, and Sayana's commentary, contain passages criticizing as fruitless mere recitation of the 4215:. The affirmations of the Śruti, it is argued, need to be verified and confirmed by the knowledge gained through direct experience ( 4203:

According to these studies, Shankara only accorded a provisional validity to the knowledge gained by inquiry into the words of the

3994:. One of Shankara's main concerns was establishing the Upanishads as an independent means of knowledge beyond the ritually-oriented 3179:

in the Vijayanagara Empire. From the 14th century onwards hagiographies were composed, in which he is portrayed as establishing the

14563: 14503: 14448: 5531: 5012: 11002: 9179: 9051: 14608: 11483: 9446: 8984: 5004: 4781:, associated with the universe and its attributes, from the absolute nondual Brahman. Drawing from the Upanishads, Shankara sees 3407:

to commemorate his life and work on 21 September 2023. Another 12-foot statue at Kedarnath was unveiled by Indian Prime Minister

11380: 5444:, p. 64: "Central to Buddhist soteriology is the doctrine of not-self (Pali: anattā, Sanskrit: anātman, the opposed doctrine of 13431: 856: 10175: 8288: 5850:, Verse 2.8.133, p. 258; Karl H Potter (2014), The Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies, Volume 3, Princeton University Press, 2600:

against the attacks of the Buddhists (and Jains) and in the process helped to drive Buddhism out of India." His teachings and

2316:

to propagate his philosophy, defeating his opponents in theological debates. These hagiographies portray him as founding four

13005: 11754: 11451: 11432: 11232: 11212: 11166: 11145: 11079: 11031: 11012: 10992: 10953: 10932: 10914: 10893: 10818: 10777: 10749: 10691: 10664: 10645: 10543: 10523: 10493: 10469: 10442: 10424: 10406: 10361: 10315: 10203: 10117: 10042: 10026: 9997: 9934: 9749: 9189: 9099: 9001: 8972: 8937: 8920: 8903: 8479: 8433: 8422: 8407: 8375: 7979: 7952: 7919: 7701: 7524: 7497: 7329: 7044: 6959: 6795: 6130: 5855: 5847: 5475: 5441: 5430: 11196:

Polemics and Patronage in the City of Victory: Vyasatirtha, Hindu Sectarianism, and the Sixteenth-Century Vijayanagara Court

8145:

M Piantelly, Sankara e la Renascita del Brahmanesimo, Indian Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 3 (Apr. 1977), pp. 429–435

5682: 4909:

The qualification of "crypto-Buddhist" is rejected by the Advaita Vedanta tradition, highlighting their respective views on

4727:

However, Shankara also asserts that Self-knowledge is realized when one's mind is purified by an ethical life that observes

4380:, which are taken literal, in contrast to other statements, have a special importance in revealing this identity. They are: 2952:, the initiation into student-life, had to be delayed due to the death of his father, and was then performed by his mother. 2732:, "the major force in the religions of Hinduism," with philosophical thought, meanwhile rejecting Shankara's views, and the 13031: 5436:

Steven Collins (1994), Religion and Practical Reason (Editors: Frank Reynolds, David Tracy), State Univ of New York Press,

6811: 5330:

was considered as more important and vital to education than their mere mechanical repetition and correct pronunciation."

4631:

should be fully contemplated, should be contemplated." As Mayeda states, "how they differ from each other in not known."

7691: 4503:

or inner Self, the "direct Witness within everything," "free from caste, family, and purifying ceremonies," the essence,

691: 326: 4842:

and others that he was a hidden Buddhist himself. I am led to think that Shankara's philosophy is largely a compound of

3356:

or any personal god of devotee's preference. Sometimes the Ishta Devata is the sixth deity in the mandala. while in the

2968:, to bathe, and where he is caught by a crocodile. Shankara called out to his mother to give him permission to become a 14553: 13323: 13306: 11567: 11050: 9963: 9532: 7883: 7592: 7567: 17: 3688:

is doubtful to be Shankara's work. Other commentaries that are highly unlikely to be Shankara's work include those on

3684:

was completely authored by Shankara, because of difference in style and thematic inconsistencies in parts. Similarly,

2388:

teachings of his time. The central concern of Shankara's writings is the liberating knowledge of the true identity of

14618: 14573: 14508: 13850: 11117: 10974: 10731: 10630: 10626: 10593: 10589: 10335: 10267: 10185: 10046: 8606: 8440: 8044: 5363: 4236:

knowledge, but such yogic state of mind cannot in itself give rise to such knowledge. To Shankara, that knowledge of

1805: 1133: 725: 11637: 5274:

For an example of Shankara's reasoning "why rites and ritual actions should be given up", see Karl Potter on p. 220;

2701:(9th century), believing that Maṇḍana Miśra became a disciple of Shankara after a public debate which Shankara won. 8366: 5326:, pp. 29, 34) concludes that in the Rigvedic education of the mantras "the contemplation and comprehension of 3159:

Advaita Vedanta is, at least in the west, primarily known as a philosophical system. But it is also a tradition of

2739: 2536:'s commentary on Sankara's work, dated first half of the 9th century, thus setting the latest limit for Sankara at 1067: 12206: 3023:(an Indian tradition of public philosophical debates attended by large number of people, sometimes with royalty). 2709: 14518: 14477: 14135: 14048: 13024: 11791: 11187:Śaivism in Philosophical Perspective: A Study of the Formative Concepts, Problems, and Methods of Śaiva Siddhānta 13247: 11846: 9132:

Michael Comans (1996), Śankara and the Prasankhyanavada, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 49–71

6954:

Per Durst-Andersen and Elsebeth F. Lange (2010), Mentality and Thought: North, South, East and West, CBS Press,

14588: 14523: 14513: 12138: 8315:, pp. 41–56, "Sankaracarya and Sankarabhagavatpada: Preliminary Remarks Concerning the Authorship Problem" 5399:, p. 183): "It is well-known that Sankara was criticized by later (rival) Vedantins as a crypto-Buddhist ( 2180: 2300:

Shaivism to Brahmanical Advaita orthodoxy. Hagiographies dating from the 14th-17th centuries deified him as a

14628: 14613: 14578: 14427: 14260: 14053: 13912: 13763: 12840: 10071: 1092: 166: 10857:

Nowicka, Olga (2016), "Conquering the World, Subduing the Minds: Śaṅkara's digvijaya in the Local Context",

5499:

The successive heads of the Kanchi and all other major Hindu Advaita tradition monasteries have been called

14633: 14568: 14402: 12940: 12539: 6981:

against the attacks of the Buddhists (and Jains) and in the process helped to drive Buddhism out of India."

5922:, p. 54: " essential status is that of unqualified reality, of identity with the Absolute the self ( 5144: 4469:, chapter 18, "That Art Thou," is devoted to considerations on the insight "I am ever-free, the existent" ( 3950:

According to Koller, using ideas in ancient Indian texts, Shankara systematized the foundation for Advaita

2977:. The stories in various hagiographies diverge in details about the first meeting between Shankara and his 10325: 9740: 8932:

Stephen Phillips (2000) in Roy W. Perrett (Editor), Epistemology: Indian Philosophy, Volume 1, Routledge,

4476: 14558: 13814: 13771: 13301: 13291: 11158:

History of the Dvaita School of Vedānta and Its Literature: From the Earliest Beginnings to Our Own Times

8325: 6755: 5470:

John C. Plott et al. (2000), Global History of Philosophy: The Axial Age, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass,

2705: 2301: 2293:

started to receive patronage from the kings of the Vijayanagara Empire and shifted their allegiance from

12419: 5358:

University of Kloen, Germany (2009); Karl Potter (1998), Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies, Volume 4,

2749:

biographies were created and published in and after the 14th century, such as Vidyaranya's widely cited

14543: 13776: 13441: 13406: 13202: 12509: 12404: 11784: 10943: 7548:

Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books India.

5950:, p. 88) notes that Shankara uses two groups of words to denote 'atman': "One group - principally 2806: 2115: 1744: 1388: 497: 12364: 4830:

Shankara and his followers borrowed much of their dialectic form of criticism from the Buddhists. His

3272:, Shankara established the nondualist interpretation of the Upanishads as the touchstone of a revived 2560:

6th century CE: Telang placed him in this century. Sir R.G. Bhandarkar believed he was born in 680 CE.

1537: 14623: 14583: 13995: 13456: 12685: 12271: 11841: 5788: 5114: 4987: 4808: 3431: 3190:

According to tradition, Adi Sankara organised the Hindu monks of these ten sects or names under four

2173: 1082: 1077: 1072: 592: 253: 38: 6125:

Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism, Third Edition, State University of New York Press,

4897: 4568:

is non-existent, child, body are sublated. Therefore, when it is realized that 'I am the existent

4525:

will become clearer." Up.I.18.193-194: "In the sentence "Thou art That" he word "That" means inner

2674:, who is believed to have been an incarnation of Shankara to popularize the Advaita view, wrote the 609: 30:

This article is about the vedic scholar Adi Shankara. For the title used in Advaita traditions, see

14538: 14113: 14043: 13864: 13629: 13558: 13553: 13252: 12325: 12308: 11905: 8252:"A Journey through Vedantic History – Advaita in the Pre-Sankara, Sankara and Post-Sankara Periods" 5164: 3680: 3656: 3531: 3476: 3180: 2321: 2217: 2081: 2076: 1840: 1062: 987: 904: 12369: 8417:

English Translation 1: K Parappaḷḷi and CNN Nair (2002), Saankarasaagaram, Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan,

5688: 4309:

school of Hinduism, Shankara consolidated and applied it with his unique exegetical method called

3735:-edition of Shankara's works, but some scholars consider it to be the work of Shankara's student. 2655: 2651: 2286: 492: 14310: 14025: 13965: 13957: 13654: 13649: 13436: 13421: 13286: 12585: 12565: 12255: 11947: 11107: 10485:

Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"

5169: 4995:

language in which all of Adi Shankaracharya's works were compiled. The movie received the Indian

4420: 1790: 1237: 1174: 720: 321: 11242:

Tola, Fernando (1989). "On the Date of Maṇḍana Miśra and Śaṅkara and Their Doctrinal Relation".

9893: 3017:

school of Hinduism namely Kumarila and Prabhakara, as well as Mandana and various Buddhists, in

2740:

Vijayanagara Empire and Vidyaranya (14th century) - creation of traditional (hagiographic) views

14528: 13907: 13726: 13343: 13338: 13047: 12865: 12830: 12266: 11991: 10257: 10016: 9822: 8388: 8258: 8012: 7944: 5020: 4962: 4549:"is a famous characteristic of Sankara's thought, but it was already taught by Sundarapandya" ( 3620:

are not sectarian, but essentially Advaitic and reach for a unified universal view of Vedanta.

2778: 2628:, the invisible Supreme Being, implying that Advaita Vedanta stood above all other traditions. 403: 12282: 11461:

Hirst, J. S. (2005). "A Questioning Approach: Learning from Shankara's Pedagogic Techniques".

9946:

Mudgal, S.G. (1975), Advaita of Shankara: A Reappraisal, New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass, p. 4

7911: 7487: 6785: 5546:, p. 99: "the best recent scholarship argues that he was born in 700 and died in 750 CE." 3175:

in the 14th century, to facilitate the adoption of his teachings by previously Saiva-oriented

3107: 2557:: the commentator Anandagiri believed he was born at Chidambaram in 44 BCE and died in 12 BCE. 2363: 14498: 14442: 14397: 14335: 14325: 13664: 13528: 13373: 13363: 13348: 13296: 12043: 10806: 9515: 8073:"Madhya Pradesh CM unveils Adi Shankaracharya statue at Omkareshwar: Its story, significance" 7873: 3980:

The central theme of Shankara's writings is the liberating knowledge of the true identity of

1679: 1659: 1367: 1360: 1126: 943: 730: 487: 316: 11222: 10288:

The Method of Early Advaita Vedānta: A Study of Gauḍapāda, Śaṅkara, Sureśvara, and Padmapāda

10177:

The Character of the Self in Ancient India: Priests, Kings, and Women in the Early Upanisads

8915:

Will Durant (1976), Our Oriental Heritage: The Story of Civilization, Simon & Schuster,

2459: 14598: 14432: 13877: 13809: 13752: 13736: 13721: 13701: 13659: 13533: 13378: 13368: 13353: 13318: 13313: 13281: 12429: 11747: 11587: 10353: 7447: 5962:- expresses the illusory aspect of the soul But in addition there are the two expressions 5201:

Modern scholarship places Shankara in the earlier part of the 8th century CE (c. 700–750).(

5174: 5119: 4996: 4607:

meditation, that is, meditation on the meaning of the sentences, and in Up.II.3 recommends

4192: 4177: 3544: 3480: 3419: 3184: 3121: 3113: 2974: 2875: 2856: 2402:, taking the Upanishads as an independent means of knowledge, beyond the ritually-oriented 2309: 2066: 2004: 1669: 1022: 899: 894: 770: 597: 473: 233: 140: 14075: 12085: 10985:

Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Vol. III: Advaita Vedānta up to Śaṃkara and his pupils

4273:(theme or purport) of any treatise can only be correctly understood if one attends to the 8: 14603: 14417: 14118: 13990: 13869: 13538: 13461: 13451: 13328: 13212: 13207: 12775: 12715: 12489: 12063: 11987: 11821: 11683: 6033:("the Existent") with Brahman, the Chandogya Upanishad itself does not refer to Brahman. 5748: 5633:

period, and one Panchayatana set from the village of Nand (about 24 kilometers from

4391: 3879: 3484: 3224:

was headed by one of his four main disciples, who each continues the Vedanta Sampradaya.

2931:

According to the oldest hagiographies, Shankara was born in the southern Indian state of

2758: 2574: 2313: 2229: 1512: 959: 933: 12650: 12384: 11910: 9613: 8967:

Arvind Sharma (2008), The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta, Penn State Press,

5445: 3995: 2782:("Summary of all views") Vidyaranya presented Shankara's teachings as the summit of all 2761:

of South India. This may have been in response to the devastation caused by the Islamic

2671: 2533: 2403: 2394: 1568: 1522: 1216: 664: 14548: 14407: 14365: 14275: 14240: 14015: 13980: 13882: 13824: 13786: 13781: 13617: 13607: 13411: 13383: 13333: 13124: 13084: 12289: 12100: 11930: 11665: 11546: 11503: 11296: 11288: 11259: 10505:(1998), "Ritual, Authority, And Cycle Time in Hindu Kingship", in J.F. Richards (ed.), 10162: 9744:

English Translation: S Jagadananda (Translator, 1949), Upadeshasahasri, Vedanta Press,

7937: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6258: 4791: 4755:, stating the lack of ethics as causes that prevent students from attaining knowledge. 4449: 4431: 4366:

According to Shankara, a large number of Upanishadic statements reveal the identity of

3720: 3508: 3488: 3400: 3324:(worship) in the Smarta tradition. It consists of the worship of five deities set in a 2448:: this dating is based on records of the heads of the Shankara's cardinal institutions 1418: 378: 14170: 14123: 12630: 12300: 12133: 11511: 9094:

George Thibaut (Translator), Brahma Sutras: With Commentary of Shankara, Reprinted as

6731: 3616:) – often considered two different sects within Hinduism. Scholars suggest that these 2773:("universal conquest," see below) all over India like a victorious conqueror." In his 2662:, but also wrote a seminal text on Advaita that has survived into the modern era, the 2650:

Roodurmun, until the 10th century Shankara was overshadowed by his older contemporary

2009: 14467: 14463: 14345: 14330: 14000: 13947: 13927: 13829: 13819: 13746: 13575: 13565: 13358: 13146: 13066: 12680: 12660: 12615: 12484: 12261: 12237: 12230: 11807: 11716: 11563: 11447: 11428: 11384: 11300: 11251: 11228: 11208: 11162: 11141: 11113: 11075: 11046: 11027: 11008: 10988: 10970: 10949: 10928: 10910: 10889: 10814: 10773: 10770:

Seeing Through Zen. Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism

10745: 10727: 10719: 10687: 10660: 10641: 10622: 10613: 10585: 10576: 10539: 10519: 10489: 10465: 10438: 10420: 10402: 10357: 10331: 10311: 10263: 10199: 10181: 10166: 10113: 10022: 9993: 9959: 9930: 9753: 9745: 9528: 9185: 9095: 8997: 8968: 8933: 8916: 8899: 8630: 8612: 8602: 8485: 8475: 8429: 8418: 8371: 8040: 7995: 7975: 7948: 7915: 7904: 7879: 7697: 7588: 7563: 7520: 7493: 7325: 7040: 6955: 6791: 6126: 5871: 5851: 5843: 5741: 5471: 5437: 5426: 5359: 5139: 5094: 5085: 4814: 4305:(verifiable reasoning). While this methodology has roots in the theoretical works of 3719:

Shankara is widely credited with commentaries on other scriptural works, such as the

3504: 3135: 3081: 2940: 2615: 2407: 2352: 2335:

Due to his later fame, over 300 texts are attributed to him, including commentaries (

2268: 2243: 2208: 2161: 2100: 2071: 1830: 1502: 1195: 1150: 710: 705: 286: 13970: 12945: 11980: 6255: 4785:

as the universe's material and intelligent cause, emanating it through the power of

4415: 3651: 14370: 14233: 14203: 14193: 14188: 14085: 14070: 13716: 13612: 13446: 13266: 13237: 13176: 13114: 12885: 12519: 12454: 12242: 12176: 12105: 11886: 11878: 11692: 11657: 11622: 11581:. Vol. II Part 2: Advaita Vedanta. Delhi: Centre for Studies in Civilizations. 11538: 11495: 11470: 11280: 11024:

Accomplishing the Accomplished: The Vedas as a Source of Valid Knowledge in Sankara

10902: 10879: 10866: 10453:

Studies in Kumarila and Sankara, Studien zur Indologie und Iranistik, Monographic 9

10388:

Religion and Identity in South Asia and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Patrick Olivelle

10374: 10154: 8284: 5755: 5149: 5134: 4006: 3986: 3875: 3831: 3668: 3642: 3254: 3248: 3148: 3044:, as well as heterodox traditions such as Buddhists, Jains, Arhatas, Saugatas, and 3041: 2835: 2636:

Scholars have questioned Shankara's early influence in India. The Buddhist scholar

2487: 2454:

s. The exact dates of birth of Adi Shankaracharya believed by four monasteries are

2370: 2320:("monasteries"), and Adi Shankara also came to be regarded as the organiser of the 2297: 2252: 2028: 1724: 1714: 1404: 1381: 1304: 1158: 1119: 1108: 1057: 1017: 938: 909: 568: 551: 355: 276: 215: 12464: 11347: 10564:

Early Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism: The Mahayana Context of the Gaudapadiya-Karika

10050: 8404: 3727:, but both these are considered apocryphal by scholars who have expressed doubts. 3483:

are authentic. Hacker and Mayeda also accept as authentic the commentaries on the

2960:

Shankara's hagiographies describe him as someone who was attracted to the life of

57: 14377: 14360: 14315: 14305: 14250: 14223: 14160: 14155: 14140: 14065: 13801: 13791: 13426: 13416: 13217: 13094: 12835: 12705: 12580: 12479: 12155: 12073: 12048: 11970: 11156: 11069: 10883: 10483: 10479: 10396: 10346: 10305: 9455: 9290: 9083:

The question of the importance of Samādhi in modern and classical Advaita Vedānta

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Various Papers: Śaṅkarācārya, Conference on Sankara and Shanmata (1969), Madras,

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The suffering created by the workings of the mind entangled with physical reality

5762: 5453: 5129: 5071: 5043: 4481: 4376: 4277:, that is six characteristics of the text under consideration: (1) the common in 4019: 3858: 3523: 3500: 3475:

According to Flood, of the Upanishadic commentaries only his commentaries on the

3319: 3269: 3209: 3065: 3058: 2762: 2720: 2637: 2621: 2593: 2491: 2483: 2463: 2385: 2274: 2262: 1694: 1583: 1552: 1339: 1314: 1012: 992: 775: 765: 715: 684: 669: 541: 519: 507: 388: 296: 189: 125: 110: 63: 12925: 11996: 11712: 11359: 10760: 10417:

The Vivekacudamani of Sankaracarya Bhagavatpada: An Introduction and Translation

5784: 4835: 4599:. He states that "right knowledge arises at the moment of hearing," and rejects 4255:

Self-liberating knowledge. Sankara also emphasized the need for and the role of

3253:

Traditionally, Shankara is regarded as the greatest teacher and reformer of the

2486:(4th century CE), modern scholarship accepts the Vikramaditya as being from the 14350: 14340: 14280: 14228: 14165: 14060: 13985: 13942: 13922: 13711: 13587: 13548: 13242: 13232: 13227: 13151: 12910: 12860: 12850: 12499: 12394: 12276: 12219: 12189: 12058: 11831: 11474: 11332: 10871: 8996:

M. Hiriyanna (2000), The Essentials of Indian Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidass,

8121:"arun: Karnataka: Sculptor from Mysuru chiselled 14-ft Shankaracharya's statue" 7322:

Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra

5897: 5617: 5500: 5314:(words) without understanding their inner meaning or essence, the knowledge of 5303: 5255: 4509: 4471: 4465: 4173: 4067: 3586: 3550: 3496: 3492: 3404: 3382:

Shankara's position was further established in the 19th and 20th-century, when

2479: 2329: 2235: 2134: 1689: 1608: 1598: 1507: 1346: 1002: 749: 531: 467: 383: 31: 12895: 12080: 12011: 11129:

Paths to Transcendence: According to Shankara, Ibn Arabi & Meister Eckhart

10580: 9518:, The Upanishads, Part I, Oxford University Press, pages 92–109 with footnotes 6826: 14492: 14320: 14245: 14128: 14108: 14020: 13975: 13186: 12359: 12332: 12195: 12182: 12169: 12123: 12068: 11606: 11255: 10966:

Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Vol. II: Advaita Vedanta From 800 To 1200

10617: 9955: 8616: 8489: 6715: 5766: 5638: 5629:

Many Panchayatana mandalas and temples have been uncovered that are from the

5154: 4839: 4152:

Stcherbatsky in 1927 criticized Shankara for demanding the use of logic from

3885: 3745: 3731:

is also widely believed in India to be Shankara's work and it is included in

3724: 3519: 3408: 3217: 2658:, an older contemporary of Shankara, was a Mimamsa scholar and a follower of 2357: 2125: 2061: 2056: 2023: 1902: 1835: 1810: 1795: 1785: 1639: 1462: 1446: 1353: 1027: 997: 914: 871: 780: 654: 580: 563: 481: 477: 301: 11937: 11425:

Jivanmukti in Transformation: Embodied Liberation in Advaita and Neo-Vedanta

10398:

A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English

10129:

Conquest of the Four Quarters. TYraditional Accounts of the Life of Shankara

5517:("The Moon of Noble Knowledge"), who in turn cited Bhatta Nilakantha's work 4160:

Recent scholarship states that Shankara's arguments on revelation are about

4083:

Shankara recognized the means of knowledge, but his thematic focus was upon

3608:

Shankara's stotras considered authentic include those dedicated to Krishna (

3596: 2895:

by Citsukha is the oldest hagiography but only available in excerpts, while

2815: 2504: 1898: 1542: 1007: 62:

Painting of Adi Shankara, exponent of Advaita Vedanta with his disciples by

14265: 14255: 14218: 14208: 14198: 14090: 14005: 13834: 13498: 13222: 13171: 12905: 12805: 12790: 12524: 12162: 12095: 11975: 11955: 11836: 11760: 11627: 11610: 10610:

Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and 'The Mystic East'

10601:

Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and 'The Mystic East'

10573:

Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and 'The Mystic East'

10502: 10064: 9424: 9007: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7623: 7621: 5630: 5458: 5057: 4975: 4967: 4856: 4752: 4649:

convey an indirect knowledge which is made direct only by deep meditation (

4098: 3752: 3624: 3573: 3465: 3345: 3205: 3108:

Hagiographies: attribution of Mathas and Smarta tradition (14-17th century)

3077: 2455: 2332:, used by heads of certain monasteries in India, is derived from his name. 2105: 1754: 1619: 1411: 1258: 1039: 982: 744: 408: 350: 311: 221: 196: 11925: 11768: 11721: 10673:

Koller, John M. (2013), "Shankara", in Meister, Chad; Copan, Paul (eds.),

10435:

Philology and Confrontation: Paul Hacker on Traditional and Modern Vedanta

9757: 9555: 9553: 9527:

Dominic Goodall (1996), Hindu Scriptures, University of California Press,

8634: 7999: 5280:

on various Upanishads repeat "give up rituals and rites", see for example

5249: 5243: 4888:, the founder of Vishishtadvaita Vedānta, accused Adi Shankara of being a 4789:, thereby making the universe sentient and self-aware. In relation to the 3640: 3312: 3191: 3141: 3119: 3092:

According to hagiographies, supported by four maths, Adi Shankara died at

3073: 2945: 2913: 2905: 2903:

by Anandagiri are the most cited. Other significant hagiographies are the

2698: 2613: 2449: 2368: 2266: 659: 398: 14285: 14270: 14150: 14145: 13691: 13624: 13543: 13508: 13488: 13156: 13016: 12985: 12875: 12855: 12625: 12449: 12409: 12399: 12201: 12016: 11900: 10849:

Unifying Hinduism: Philosophy and Identity in Indian Intellectual History

10279:

The Daśanāmī-saṃnyāsīs. The Integration Of Ascetic Lineages Into An Order

5734: 5354:

may also mean "goal, purpose or essence," depending on the context. See:

5159: 4892:, that is, a "crypto-Buddhist", and someone who was undermining theistic 4517:

Up.I.174: "Through such sentences as "Thou art That" one knows one's own

4088: 4084: 3889: 3609: 3387: 3383: 3171:

Shankara was a Vaishnavite who came to be presented as an incarnation of

3130: 3101: 3097: 3064:

Shankara had a number of disciple scholars during his travels, including

3019: 3009: 2986: 2862: 2765:, but his efforts were also targeted at Sri Vaishnava groups, especially 2579: 2471: 2411: 2033: 1988: 1941: 1891: 1820: 1704: 1629: 1454: 1432: 1374: 1322: 1209: 951: 757: 248: 13077: 12820: 11669: 11292: 11263: 10379:

Handboek voor Yoga (Dutch translation; English title "Textbook of Yoga")

9786: 9601: 8646: 8629:

TMP Mahadevan (1968), Shankaracharya, National Book Trust, pp. 283–285,

8443:

Isha Foundation (2011); Includes translation, transliteration and audio.

7618: 7152: 6972: 5384:

is the real aim of Vedic learning, and not the mere recitation of texts.

5221:} The cardinal Advaita matha's assign his dates as early as 509–477 BCE. 4850:

Buddhism with the Upanisad notion of the permanence of self superadded.

14213: 14010: 13932: 13917: 13706: 13676: 13639: 13597: 13592: 13523: 13161: 12935: 12915: 12825: 12780: 12755: 12695: 12690: 12640: 12560: 12534: 12469: 12295: 12248: 12053: 12001: 11661: 11550: 11507: 11284: 10655:

Koller, John (2012), "Shankara", in Meister, Chad; Copan, Paul (eds.),

10636:

Koller, John (2007). "Shankara". In Meister, Chad; Copan, Paul (eds.).

10158: 9846: 9798: 9550: 9082: 8950: 7304:

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mādhava Āchārya". Encyclopædia Britannica.

5795:, during which power became decentralised end new Chán-schools emerged. 5376: 5109: 5104: 4847: 4595:, Shankara is ambivalent on the need for meditation on the Upanishadic 4406:, "the Existent"); correctly translated as "That's how you are," with 4386: 4153: 3955: 3909: 3845: 3674: 3601: 3567: 3460:) on ancient Indian texts. Shankara's masterpiece of commentary is the 3257: 3228: 3005: 2947: 2774: 2754: 2708:, "almost all the later Advaitins were influenced by Mandana Misra and 2601: 2110: 1996: 1624: 1332: 919: 861: 817: 679: 674: 546: 502: 441: 393: 12225: 11577:

Pandey, S. L. (2000). "Pre-Sankara Advaita". In Chattopadhyana (ed.).

11090:

The Method of the Vedanta. A Critical Account of the Advaita Tradition

9227: 6907: 5334:, p. 35) refers to Sayana as stating that "the mastery of texts, 2831: 2744:

In medieval times, Advaita Vedanta position as most influential Hindu

2384:, with liberating knowledge of the self at its core, synthesizing the 14355: 14080: 13902: 13731: 13696: 13681: 13644: 13061: 12960: 12795: 12620: 12595: 12514: 12474: 12459: 12414: 12212: 12006: 9900:(Winter 2021 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University 9834: 9314: 9052:

The limits of scripture: Vivekananda's reinterpretation of the Vedas.

7191: 5970:. These also designate the individual soul, but in its real aspect." 5651: 5099: 4982: 4861: 4316: 3966: 3660: 3538:) are accepted by scholars as authentic works of Shankara. Among the 3512: 3366: 3349: 3093: 2994: 2839: 2305: 2120: 1978: 1882: 1800: 1734: 1563: 1425: 644: 336: 291: 150: 11960: 11776: 11697: 11542: 11499: 11061:

Bhāmatī and Vivaraṇa Schools of Advaita Vedānta: A Critical Approach

9810: 9625: 8733: 5465:

Is The Buddhist 'No-Self' Doctrine Compatible With Pursuing Nirvana?

4735:(non-injury, non-violence to others in body, mind and thoughts) and 3589:, his most important original philosophical work. Of other original 3456:

Shankara is most known for his systematic reviews and commentaries (

3411:

on 5 November 2019, is made of chlorite schist and weighs 35 tonnes.

3239:) to expand the cultural influence of Shankara and Advaita Vedānta. 2803:) to expand the cultural influence of Shankara and Advaita Vedānta. 1279: 14422: 14412: 13897: 13892: 13887: 13839: 13686: 13602: 13570: 13483: 13475: 13166: 13141: 13109: 13104: 12955: 12845: 12785: 12735: 12730: 12575: 12570: 12529: 12494: 12444: 12379: 12374: 12128: 11965: 11701: 9496: 9261: 9259: 8428:

English Translation 2: Igor Kononenko (2010), Teachers of Wisdom,

7826: 7824: 7677:

Xuanzang: A Buddhist Pilgrim on the Silk Road. Westview Press, 1998

5659: 5616:

in central Kerala. The house he was born in is still maintained as

5124: 5065: 4992: 4885: 4869: 4843: 4658: 4093: 3921: 3905: 3792:

Without fear, without death, without discrimination, without caste;

3613: 3357: 3325: 3280:

Practically, Shankara fostered a rapprochement between Advaita and

3265: 3213: 3160: 3140: 3045: 2990: 2961: 2725: 2659: 2654:, the latter considered to be the major representative of Advaita. 2631: 2609: 2605: 2467: 2325: 2156: 1983: 1918: 1772: 1649: 1593: 1396: 1265: 1251: 866: 201: 99: 37:"Adi Shankaracharya" redirects here. For the 1983 Indian film, see 12965: 9031: 5838:

Mayeda refers to statements from Shankara regarding epistemology (

4688:(God), because that assumes the Self within is different from the 4653:). The latter is a continuous contemplation of the purport of the 4374:. In the Advaita Vedānta tradition, four of those statements, the 4228:

Shankara considered the purity and steadiness of mind achieved in

4204: 3787:

Neither the experiencer, nor experienced, nor the experience am I,

3758:

Without hate, without infatuation, without craving, without greed;

3630: 3284:

orthodoxy, which by his time had not only continued to defend the

1951: 1104: 13671: 13582: 13503: 13493: 13136: 13089: 12975: 12970: 12950: 12890: 12880: 12870: 12810: 12760: 12750: 12675: 12665: 12655: 12600: 12434: 12314: 12038: 11915: 11890: 11826: 11579:

History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization

10227:

Māyā in Radhakrishnanʾs Thought: Six Meanings Other Than Illusion

7375: 7373: 7371: 5875: 5655: 5327: 5160:

Jyotirmath Peetham (North), Jyotirmath, Badrikashram, Uttarakhand

4926: 4922: 4921:. There are differences in the conceptual means of "liberation." 4873: 4831: 4744: 4689: 4507:, which the individual at the core is. As Shankara states in the 4394:. Traditionally rendered as "That Thou Art" (that you are), with 4337: 4237: 4140: 3990: 3951: 3925: 3900:, which could also depict the king as the centre of the mandala. 3897: 3836: 3823: 3819: 3469: 3353: 3014: 2982: 2676: 2625: 2522: 2406:-exegesis of the Vedas. Shankara's Advaita shows influences from 2398: 2380: 2278: 2257: 2248: 2095: 2088: 2043: 1973: 1911: 1859: 1532: 1481: 1272: 1223: 1188: 842: 832: 822: 798: 621: 281: 12700: 10787: 10138:

Imagining Germany Imagining Asia: Essays in Asian-German Studies

10014: 9637: 9256: 8721: 8652: 7821: 6658: 6656: 6654: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6417: 6415: 6413: 5662:(half Shiva, half Vishnu) are set in Panchayatana worship style. 4876:

philosophy of Hinduism may be a matter of emphasis, not of kind.

4777:, using various terms for both. However, he generally separates 3227:

According to Paul Hacker, the system may have been initiated by

2911:(of Cidvilāsa, c. between the 15th and 17th centuries), and the 13741: 13634: 13513: 12980: 12930: 12920: 12815: 12800: 12720: 12710: 12670: 12610: 12605: 12590: 12555: 12504: 12424: 12090: 11920: 11861: 11731: 9460: 9414: 9412: 7761: 7725: 7288: 7286: 6993:

From Totapuri to Maharaji: Reflections on a Lineage (Parampara)

6938: 6936: 6934: 5817: 5647: 5613: 5592: 5588: 5344: 4945:(1927), Indian silent film about Shankara by Kali Prasad Ghosh. 4930: 4893: 4736: 4396: 4251: 4233: 4219:) and the authority of the Śruti, therefore, is only secondary. 4169: 4041: 4002: 3917: 3913: 3894: 3841: 3333: 2936: 2932: 2826: 2820: 2729: 2568: 2525:

authors from th 5th-7th century, setting the earliest limit at

1956: 1866: 1767: 446: 436: 426: 27:

8th-century Indian Vedic scholar and teacher of Advaita Vedanta

11407:

Saanen 2nd Conversation with Swami Venkatesananda 26 July 1969

10842:(Reprint of Shoki No Vedanta Tetsugaku, Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo) 9649: 7368: 6609: 6607: 6605: 6434: 6432: 6430: 5530:

The date 788–820 is also among those considered acceptable by

4489:", "that thou art." In this statement, according to Shankara, 4049:, the cycle of rebirth This is stated by Shankara as follows: 3783:

Without sins, without merits, without elation, without sorrow;

3518:

Other authentic works of Shankara include commentaries on the

174: 13518: 13071: 12995: 12990: 12900: 12770: 12725: 12635: 12439: 12389: 12338: 12319: 11895: 11856: 11224:

Sankara Digvijaya – The traditional life of Sri Sankaracharya

9673: 9280: 9278: 9276: 9274: 8513: 8511: 8096:"PM Modi unveils Adi Guru Shankaracharya statue at Kedarnath" 7385: 6895: 6651: 6570: 6560: 6558: 6410: 6274: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6185: 5634: 5584: 5350: 5340: 4740: 4728: 4556:

or earlier). Shankara cites Sundarapandya in his comments to

4495: 4402: 4306: 4199:

in Shankara's epistemology as follows, before critiquing it:

3929: 3341: 3329: 3193: 3172: 3127: 3001: 2142: 2047: 1965: 1492: 1202: 827: 812: 331: 10684:

Indian Transnationalism Online: New Perspectives on Diaspora

9409: 8953:, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 249–271 8528: 8526: 8221: 8219: 8189: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8175: 7402: 7400: 7283: 6931: 5816:

Brahman is not to be confused with the personalised godhead

13099: 13000: 12765: 12745: 11851: 11087: 10327:

The Essential Vedanta: A New Source Book of Advaita Vedanta

9976: 9974: 9972: 9929:

KN Jayatilleke (2010), Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge,

9863: 9861: 8786: 8784: 8745: 8669: 8667: 8206: 8204: 8202: 7715: 7713: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7203: 7158: 6856: 6854: 6602: 6507: 6497: 6495: 6493: 6465: 6463: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6447: 6427: 5596: 5425:

KN Jayatilleke (2010), Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge,

5272:

Shankara, himself, had renounced all religious ritual acts.

4951:(1928), Indian silent film by Parshwanath Yeshwant Altekar. 4229: 3972: 3785:

Neither mantra, nor rituals, neither pilgrimage, nor Vedas;

3337: 3308: 2733: 2693: 1875: 1439: 837: 373: 227: 9873: 9774: 9762: 9538: 9380: 9271: 9147: 9019: 8880: 8580: 8578: 8576: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8568: 8543: 8541: 8508: 8033:

Asher, Frederick (1981). Joanna Gottfried Williams (ed.).

7848: 7273: 7271: 7222: 7220: 7218: 7016: 7014: 6999: 6866: 6592: 6590: 6555: 6528: 6526: 6524: 6522: 6385: 6383: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6182: 5165:

Shri Sringeri Sharada Peetham (South), Sringeri, Karnataka

3118:

Traditionally, Shankara is regarded as the founder of the

2919:(of the Kerala region, extant from c. the 17th century).} 2715: 13181: 11529:

Navone, J. J. (1956). "Sankara and the Vedic Tradition".

10742:

A thousand teachings : the Upadeśasāhasrī of Śaṅkara

10249:

A Tradition of Teachers: Śaṅkara and the Jagadgurus Today

9685: 9661: 9472: 9368: 9358: 9356: 9085:, Philosophy East & West. Vol. 43, Issue 1, pp. 19–38 8803: 8801: 8799: 8769: 8523: 8231: 8216: 8172: 7773: 7658: 7656: 7654: 7412: 7397: 7140: 6141: 6139: 6121: 6119: 6106: 6104: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6066: 5371: 4533:

The statement "tat tvam asi" sheds the false notion that

4207:(Vedas) and did not see the latter as the unique source ( 3796:

Neither kith, nor kin, neither teacher, nor student am I;

2592:

Shankara has an unparallelled status in the tradition of

2554: 2445: 2378:

His authentic works present a harmonizing reading of the

11444:

The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India

10462:

Tradition and Reflection: Explorations in Indian Thought

9969: 9858: 9697: 9589: 9577: 9565: 9399: 9397: 9395: 9326: 9302: 9217: 9215: 9213: 9105: 8987:

Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Cologne University, Germany

8858: 8856: 8854: 8852: 8825: 8781: 8711: 8709: 8694: 8684: 8682: 8664: 8496: 8336: 8334: 8199: 7809: 7737: 7710: 7639: 7601: 7169: 7167: 6851: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6490: 6444: 6364: 6362: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 5554: 5552: 5513:

Tiele based this dating on Yajnesvara Sastri's treatise

3807:

I am Consciousness, I am Bliss, I am Shiva, I am Shiva.

3798:

I am Consciousness, I am Bliss, I am Shiva, I am Shiva.

3789:

I am Consciousness, I am Bliss, I am Shiva, I am Shiva.

3780:

I am Consciousness, I am Bliss, I am Shiva, I am Shiva.

2375:

has been questioned and mostly rejected by scholarship.

10236:

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft

10234:

Brereton, Joel P. (1986), "'Tat Tvam Ast' in Context",

9831:, p. 192 (Up.I.18.196-197); p. 195 (Up.I.18.2019). 9343: 9341: 9246: 9244: 9242: 8649:, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1–42 8565: 8553: 8538: 7429: 7427: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7268: 7244: 7232: 7215: 7179: 7116: 7092: 7080: 7053: 7011: 6668: 6626: 6624: 6622: 6587: 6519: 6400: 6398: 6374: 6218: 6208: 6206: 6037:, p. 8): "Although the text does not use the term 5366:, Motilal Banarsidass, pp 610 (note 17).) According to 5233:

means "first", to distinguish him from other Shankaras.

5213:) Earlier generations of scholars proposed 788–820 CE.( 4884:

and non-theistic doctrinal similarities with Buddhism.

4795:, Shankara compares the universe's unmanifest state to 3801:

Without form, without figure, without resemblance am I;

1166: 306: 10145:

Biderman, Shlomo (1978). "Śankara and the Buddhists".

10078: 9709: 9353: 9159: 8868: 8796: 7651: 7256: 7070: 7068: 6995:. 27th Spalding Symposium on Indian Religions, Oxford. 6641: 6639: 6286: 6243: 6136: 6116: 6101: 6078: 4929:) as the center of perception, craving, and delusion. 2939:

sometimes spelled as Kalati or Karati. He was born to

2222: 11375: 11373: 11371: 11369: 11367: 10538:. Albany: State University of New York Press (SUNY). 10518:. Albany: State University of New York Press (SUNY). 9721: 9484: 9448:

Chandogya Upanishad Bhasya - Chapter 6 (Tat Tvam Asi)

9392: 9210: 9135: 8849: 8813: 8757: 8706: 8679: 8466: 8448: 8346: 8331: 8160: 8148: 7836: 7749: 7512: 7164: 7032: 6919: 6885: 6883: 6881: 6680: 6538: 6480: 6478: 6359: 6334: 6160: 6158: 6156: 6154: 5549: 5170:

Shri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu

3048:. The hagiographies credit him with starting several 2474:

Peetham Adi Shankara was born in Kali 2593 (509 BCE).

11244:

Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute

10829:

Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Bibliographical Notes

10801:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 10720:"An Introduction to the Life and Thought of Sankara" 9338: 9239: 9198: 8053: 7867: 7865: 7863: 7424: 7347: 7335: 6824: 6619: 6395: 6298: 6203: 5926:) is only misperceived: the self is really Brahman." 5793:

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960/979)

5658:; and the temples containing fusion deities such as 5033: 4991:

was premiered, the first film ever made entirely in

3399:

A 108-foot statue of Adi Shankara was unveiled near

3026: 11312:. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press. 10724:

A Thousand Teachings: The Upadeśasāhasrī of Śaṅkara

10015:Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen (10 July 2014). 8328:

S Madhavananda (Translator), Advaita Ashrama (1921)

7906:

The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent

7065: 6713: 6636: 6310: 4223: 3760:

Neither arrogance, nor conceit, never jealous I am;

3530:(tertiary notes) on the commentary by Vedavyasa on 3468:). The Brahma Sutras are a fundamental text of the 3163:. Philosophy and renunciation are closely related: 2583:

Adi Sankara Keerthi Sthampa Mandapam, Kalady, Kochi

2367:. The authenticity of Shankara being the author of 11364: 11343: 11341: 11325: 10811:Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist 10345: 8308: 8306: 8028: 8026: 7936: 7903: 7104: 6878: 6475: 6151: 5392: 5390: 4802: 4684:, discourages ritual worship such as oblations to 4668:–1300) follows Shankara closely, arguing that the 3154: 10941: 10638:The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion 10348:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions 9622:, pp. 173-174 (Up.I.18.9-19), p.196 note 13. 9441: 9439: 9077: 9075: 9073: 8386: 8036:Kalādarśana: American studies in the art of India 7897: 7895: 7860: 7830: 6848:, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, Madras, 1976. 6322: 3639:The authenticity of Shankara being the author of 3068:(also called Sanandana, associated with the text 2811:- "The conquests of Shankara" (14th-17th century) 14490: 11271:Whaling, Frank (1979). "Shankara and Buddhism". 10218:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 6810:T.S. Narayana Sastry (1916, republished 1971), 6779: 6777: 6170: 5901:). I.18.6: "The two notions "I am the Existent- 4700:is connected with the novice's conviction that ( 4641:are incapable, by themselves, of bringing about 4075: 3377: 2632:Prominence of Maṇḍana Miśra (until 10th century) 2587: 11648:Whaling, Frank (1979). "Śankara and Buddhism". 11521:A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy. Part One 11381:"Sankara Acarya Biography – Monastic Tradition" 11338: 11043:The Advaita Worldview: God, World, and Humanity 10838:A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy. Part Two 10699: 10307:Advaita Vedanta: A Philosophical Reconstruction 8963: 8961: 8959: 8474:. University of Notre Dame Press. p. 395. 8393:. Manonmani Publishers (Reprint). p. 1786. 8303: 8249: 8023: 7379: 6020:"the Absolute", "infinite", "the Highest truth" 5411: 5409: 5387: 4880:Some Hindu scholars criticized Advaita for its 4623:exists, stating that "all the sentences of the 4195:summarizes the widely held view on the role of 3631:Works of doubtful authenticity or not authentic 10433:Hacker, Paul (1995), Halbfass, Wilhelm (ed.), 10255: 9436: 9070: 7892: 6564: 6041:, the Vedanta tradition is that the Existent ( 4820: 4583: 3199: 2989:, a few place it along river Ganges in Kashi ( 13032: 11792: 11446:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 11202: 10675:Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion 10657:Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion 10552: 10193: 10109:Coromandel: A Personal History of South India 10057: 8639: 7928: 7519:. Susquehanna University Press. p. 192. 7128: 6942: 6774: 6268: 6072: 5695:The Question of Authorship of Vivekachudamani 5521:("The fragrance of Sankara's paradise tree"). 5282:Shankara's Bhasya on Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 4957:(1955), Indian Hindi film by Sheikh Fattelal. 4769:. He sometimes blurs the distinction between 4332:, and attaining knowledge of the identity of 4058:I am Self, the supreme unconditioned Brahman. 3534:as well as those on Apastamba Dharma-sũtras ( 2181: 1127: 11220: 11205:Śaṃkara's Advaita Vedānta: A Way of Teaching 11105: 10700:Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (1998), 10323: 10135: 9508: 9320: 9284: 8956: 8019:. Basics of Hinduism. Kauai Hindu Monastery. 7875:Mandalas and Yantras in the Hindu Traditions 7471: 6965: 6901: 6872: 6783: 6581: 6034: 5867: 5406: 5268: 5266: 5264: 4675: 4262: 3794:Neither father, nor mother, never born I am; 3716:attributed to Shankara is also unauthentic. 3507:. The authenticity of the commentary on the 2861:There are at least fourteen different known 2569:Traditional and historical views on Shankara 11611:"Dr. Richard de Smet and Sankara's Advaita" 11484:"Śaṁkara's Arguments against the Buddhists" 11352: 11126: 10726:, State University of New York City Press, 10681: 10478: 7854: 7445: 7005: 6501: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5242:He is also known as Shankara Bhagavatpada ( 5155:Dwarka Kalika Pitha (West), Dwarka, Gujarat 4813:Shankara's Vedanta shows similarities with 4672:are the direct cause of gaining knowledge. 4541:. According toNakamura, the non-duality of 4301:(explained meaning, praised point) and (6) 3803:Vitality of all senses, in everything I am; 2312:(conquest of the four quarters) across the 13046: 13039: 13025: 11799: 11785: 10682:Kruijf, Johannes de; Sahoo, Ajaya (2014), 10373: 10259:The Philosophy of Sankar's Advaita Vedanta 10035: 8414:Sringeri Vidya Bharati Foundation (2012); 8282: 7492:. Popular Prakashan. 2000. pp. 379–. 7262: 6990: 4974:plays the role of Adult Aadi Sankaran and 4147: 3936: 3812:—Adi Shankara, Nirvana Shatakam, Hymns 3–6 3738: 3204:) (monasteries), with the headquarters at 2410:, despite Shankara's critiques; and Hindu 2188: 2174: 1134: 1120: 56: 14438:Relationship between religion and science 11626: 11400: 11398: 11396: 11394: 11184: 11175: 11096: 11058: 11040: 11021: 10870: 10845: 9916: 9914: 9703: 9691: 9679: 9667: 9374: 9037: 8790: 8775: 8002:, Reprinted by HathiTrust Digital Library 7974:. Columbia University Press. p. 49. 7871: 7418: 7406: 7391: 7316: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7292: 7197: 7122: 7098: 7086: 7059: 7020: 6421: 6197: 6145: 6011:"Consciousness", "intelligence", "wisdom" 5979: 5913: 5534:, though he raises a number of questions. 5261: 3061:system in Hinduism and Vedic literature. 2666:. The "theory of error" set forth in the 11531:Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 11523:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. 11063:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. 10901: 10878: 10835: 10826: 10805: 10796: 10459: 10450: 10385: 10294: 10233: 10144: 9595: 9583: 9571: 9418: 9332: 9308: 9296: 9233: 9221: 9055:University of Hawaii Press, pp. 124–125. 8700: 8673: 8584: 8547: 8517: 8502: 8370:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 8005: 7971:Darśan: Seeing the divine image in India 7250: 7238: 7226: 7209: 7185: 6613: 6596: 6532: 6513: 6438: 6404: 6249: 6045:) referred to is no other than Brahman." 5895:I.18.3: "I am ever-free, the existent" ( 5882: 5727: 5367: 5331: 5323: 5307: 5299: 5287: 3650: 3595: 3413: 2825: 2814: 2578: 11270: 10945:Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1–5 10856: 10840:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers 10533: 10530:Some editions spell the author Isayeva. 10343: 10303: 10246: 9980: 9898:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 9715: 9299:, p. 151-152; p.349 note 8.7-16.3. 9165: 8596: 8390:The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda 8358: 7815: 7039:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. vii–x. 6925: 6860: 6840: 6838: 6292: 6271:, pp. 60–62 with notes 6, 7 and 8. 5983: 5919: 4896:devotionalism. The non-Advaita scholar 4352:, especially the Upanishadic statement 4259:(Acharya, teacher) for such knowledge. 4027:, "That you are." Correct knowledge of 3440:), original philosophical expositions ( 2879:) of Shankara'), while some are called 2716:Vaishnavite Vedanta (10th-14th century) 2324:monastic order, and the unifier of the 14: 14491: 13364:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology 11391: 11193: 11154: 11138:A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy 11135: 11045:, State University of New York Press, 10982: 10962: 10758: 10739: 10717: 10708: 10672: 10654: 10635: 10513: 10464:. State University of New York Press. 10432: 10414: 10394: 10285: 10211: 10084: 10010: 10008: 10006: 9911: 9879: 9867: 9852: 9840: 9828: 9816: 9804: 9792: 9780: 9768: 9727: 9655: 9643: 9631: 9619: 9607: 9559: 9544: 9502: 9490: 9478: 9466: 9430: 9403: 9386: 9362: 9265: 9153: 9141: 9111: 9064: 9025: 9013: 8886: 8874: 8862: 8846:, S Vireswarananda (Translator), p. 35 8831: 8819: 8807: 8763: 8751: 8739: 8727: 8715: 8688: 8658: 8532: 8454: 8352: 8340: 8312: 8210: 7943:. Cambridge University Press. p. 7755: 7743: 7731: 7719: 7689: 7645: 7612: 7362: 7341: 7307: 7277: 7173: 7146: 7134: 6913: 6889: 6701: 6674: 6662: 6630: 6549: 6484: 6469: 6389: 6368: 6353: 6237: 6095: 5971: 5947: 5935: 5929: 5600: 5570: 5543: 5419: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5197: 5195: 5150:Govardhan Peetham (East), Puri, Odisha 4872:(Mahayana) philosophy of Buddhism and 4809:Buddhist influences on Advaita Vedanta 4060:I am pure Awareness, always non-dual. 4054:I am other than name, form and action. 13020: 11806: 11780: 11755:Jagadguru of Sringeri Sharada Peetham 11335:, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 11307: 11067: 10922: 10792:, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10785: 10767: 10501: 10415:Grimes, John (2004), "Introduction", 10324:Deutsch, Eliot; Dalvi, Rohit (2004), 10276: 10256:Chattopadhyaya, Shyama Kumar (2000). 10224: 10173: 10126: 10105: 9891: 9347: 9250: 9204: 9171: 8940:, pp. 224–228 with notes 8, 13 and 63 8559: 8237: 8225: 8193: 8166: 8154: 8093: 8032: 7934: 7901: 7842: 7779: 7767: 7662: 7633: 7582: 7562:. UK: Program Publishing; 2 edition. 7557: 7433: 6714:Arun Kumar Upadhyay (30 April 2020). 6328: 6304: 6280: 6212: 5987: 5941: 5804: 5780: 4712:Recognizing oneself as "the Existent- 4293:(unique proposition or novelty); (4) 3869: 3712:. The commentary on the Tantric work 2532:. The latest limit is established by 2339:), introductory topical expositions ( 2242: 11310:Introduction. In: Tantra in practice 11241: 11088:Satchidanandendra Sarasvati (1997), 11000: 10607: 10598: 10570: 10561: 10509:, New Delhi: Oxford University Press 10507:Kingship and Authority in South Asia 9937:, pp. 246–249, from note 385 onwards 9177: 9016:, pp. 219–223 with footnote 34. 8059: 8013:"The Four Denominations of Hinduism" 7110: 7074: 7036:The Advaita Vedānta of Brahma-siddhi 6835: 6645: 6316: 6176: 6164: 6110: 6029:While the Vedanta tradition equates 5783:: This resembles the development of 5558: 5396: 5180:Śānkarasmṛti (Laghudharmaprakrāśikā) 4423:, "I am Brahman," or "I am Divine." 4157:integrate appearance with reality." 4009:by recognizing the true identity of 3805:Neither attached, nor released am I; 3746:Atma Shatakam (The song of the Self) 3515:Madukya-karika has been questioned. 3292:, but had developed the practice of 2497: 11004:Structural Depths of Indian Thought 10711:New Perspectives on Advaita Vedānta 10003: 9433:, p. 172, Up.18.3, 18.6, 18.7. 8601:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8094:Singh, Kautilya (6 November 2021). 7967: 5433:, p. 246–249, from note 385 onwards 5370:, p. 36), "the realization of 5192: 4864:). Mudgal concludes therefore that 4321:- the identity of Ātman and Brahman 4122:), and "not upon Vedic injunction ( 3242: 2688:, a commentary on Mandana Mishra's 2470:at 483 BCE. while according to the 2328:tradition of worship. The title of 24: 14534:Hindu philosophers and theologians 11642:. Srirangam: Sri Vani Vilas Press. 11615:Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies 11416: 11161:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. 11155:Sharma, B.N. Krishnamurti (2000). 11109:The Conception of Buddhist Nirvana 11059:Roodurmun, Pulasth Soobah (2002). 10987:, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 10969:, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 10813:, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 10772:, The University Press Group Ltd, 9178:Long, Jeffery D. (15 April 2020). 7910:. Yale University Press. pp. 7693:Encyclopaedia of Indian Philosophy 7636:, pp. 31–32, also 6–7, 67–68. 6748: 5994:when referring to the identity of 5637:) has been dated to belong to the 5258:, sometimes spelled Sankaracharya. 4799:in a deep dreamless cosmic state. 4463:The longest chapter of Shankara's 3451: 3231:(14th c.), who may have founded a 2819:The birthplace of Adi Shankara at 25: 14645: 11684:Traditional biography of Shankara 11677: 11308:White, David Gordon, ed. (2000). 11099:De Wortels van het Indiase Denken 10603:. Taylor & Francis e-Library. 10065:"31st National Film Awards (PDF)" 10047:India International Film Festival 9795:, pp. 172-173 (Up.I.18.3-8). 9181:Historical Dictionary of Hinduism 8291:from the original on 16 June 2006 7674: 7516:Swami Vivekananda: A Reassessment 5974:, pp. 11, 14) uses the word 5646:architecture very commonly, from 5348:, perception of their meaning." ( 4475:), and the identity expressed in 3976:- liberating knowledge of Brahman 14594:Medieval Hindu religious leaders 14473: 14472: 14462: 11705: 11348:The Bhamati and Vivarana Schools 11198:, University of California Press 10925:Life and Thought of Śaṅkarācārya 10131:, Australian National University 9986: 9949: 9940: 9923: 9885: 9855:, pp. 85, 220 (Up.II.1.30). 9733: 9610:, p. 182 (Up.I.18.103-104). 9562:, pp. 91, 219 (Up.II.1.28). 9521: 9126: 9117: 9088: 9058: 9043: 8990: 8978: 8943: 8926: 8909: 8892: 8837: 8623: 8590: 8460: 8397: 8380: 8318: 8276: 8243: 8139: 8113: 8087: 8065: 8039:. Brill Academic. pp. 1–4. 7988: 7961: 7797: 7785: 7683: 7668: 7576: 7551: 7542: 7533: 7506: 7480: 7465: 7439: 7159:Satchidanandendra Sarasvati 1997 6048: 6023: 6014: 6005: 5861: 5832: 5823: 5810: 5798: 5774: 5721: 5712: 5699: 5675: 5665: 5623: 5606: 5576: 5248:), Shankara Bhagavatpadacharya ( 5078: 5064: 5050: 5036: 4949:Jagadguru Shrimad Shankaracharya 4868:... the difference between 4224:Yoga and contemplative exercises 4045:(liberation) from suffering and 3681:Sarva-darsana-siddhanta Sangraha 3328:pattern, the five deities being 3096:in the northern Indian state of 2547: 2438: 1165: 1103: 173: 14564:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers 14504:8th-century Indian philosophers 11463:Contemporary Education Dialogue 10575:. London; New York: Routledge. 10262:. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. 9807:, p. 183 (Up.I.18.99-100). 7298: 7026: 6984: 6948: 6916:, p. 84–87 with footnotes. 6818: 6804: 6787:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide 6724: 6707: 5564: 5537: 5524: 5507: 5493: 5483: 5120:Shri Govinda Bhagavatpadacharya 4966:, a Malayalam film directed by 4803:Influences of Mahayana Buddhism 4661:school founded by Prakasatman ( 4564:When the metaphorical or false 4456: 4297:(fruit or result derived); (5) 3848:by recognizing the identity of 3394: 3288:theory as defining the path of 3155:Dashanami Sampradaya and mathas 2281:, the invisible Supreme Being. 14609:People from Ernakulam district 12139:Progressive utilization theory 11748:Bhagawan Govinda Bhagavat Pada 11689:Works by or about Adi Shankara 11639:The Works of Sri Sankaracharya 11482:Ingalls, Daniel H. H. (1954). 11074:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 11041:Rambachan, Anantanand (2006), 11026:. University of Hawaii Press. 11022:Rambachan, Anantanand (1991). 11001:Raju, P. T. (1 January 1985). 10555:The Mind of Adi Shankaracharya 10536:Shankara and Indian Philosophy 10516:Shankara and Indian Philosophy 10310:, University of Hawaii Press, 10196:The Origins of Vīraśaiva Sects 7878:. BRILL Academic. p. 60. 7513:Narasingha Prosad Sil (1997). 7033:Allen Wright Thrasher (1993). 5236: 5224: 4904: 4091:, and he took for granted the 3954:in the 8th century, reforming 3183:, organizing a section of the 2244:[aːdɪɕɐŋkɐraːt͡ɕaːrjɐ] 13: 1: 11203:Suthren Hirst, J. G. (2005), 11106:Shcherbatsky, Fyodor (1927). 10846:Nicholson, Andrew J. (2010), 10072:Directorate of Film Festivals 10049:, iffi.nic.in. Archived from 10018:Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema 9896:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), 9843:, p. 195 (Up.I.18.2019). 9634:, pp. 251-253 (Up.II.3). 8597:Doniger, Wendy (March 2014). 6825:Sastry Narayana S.t. (1916). 6060: 5705:Swami Vivekananda translates 5690:Sri Sankara's Vivekachudamani 5684:Authorship of Vivekachudamani 4662: 4550: 4359: 4281:(introductory statement) and 4118:is based on existing things ( 3623:Shankara's commentary on the 3378:Neo-Vedanta (19-20th century) 3260:, which is one of four major 2926: 2869:Many of these are called the 2680:, a commentary on Shankara's 2588:Traditional views of Shankara 2537: 2526: 2510: 2224:Ādi Śaṅkara, Ādi Śaṅkarācārya 389:Sravana, manana, nididhyasana 14403:Desacralization of knowledge 11650:Journal of Indian Philosophy 11273:Journal of Indian Philosophy 11112:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. 10831:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass 10722:, in Mayeda, Sengaku (ed.), 10297:History of Indian Philosophy 10290:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass 10147:Journal of Indian Philosophy 10112:. Little, Brown Book Group. 10093: 9819:, p. 190 (Up.I.18.174). 9516:Chandogya Upanishad 6.1-6.16 9236:, p. 349 note 8.7-16.3. 9184:. Rowman & Littlefield. 9049:Anantanand Rambachan (1994) 8949:Mahendranath Sircar (1933), 8742:, p. 56, incl. note 12. 7472:Tapasyananda, Swami (2002). 5612:This may be the present day 5145:Self-consciousness (Vedanta) 4739:. Rituals and rites such as 4615:from everything that is not 4039:, immortality, and leads to 3582:are likely to be authentic. 7: 13815:Best of all possible worlds 13772:Eschatological verification 13329:Fine-tuning of the universe 11704:(public domain audiobooks) 11588:"The Original Sankaracarya" 11562:. Oxford University Press. 11007:. SUNY Press. p. 383. 10909:, Oxford University Press, 10888:, Oxford University Press, 10852:, Columbia University Press 10352:. Merriam-Webster. p. 10043:"31st National Film Awards" 9505:, p. 218 (up.II.1.24). 7939:An Introduction to Hinduism 7690:Pandey, Vraj Kumar (2007). 7380:Kulke & Rothermund 1998 7324:, Oxford University Press, 7200:, p. 157; 229 note 57. 5356:Sanskrit English Dictionary 5250: 5244: 5029: 4981:In 1983 a film directed by 4821:Similarities and influences 4400:in Ch.U.6.8.7 referring to 4344:, "the Existent," that is, 4187: 3641: 3420:Pashupatinath Temple, Nepal 3418:Adi Shankaracharya Math in 3313: 3192: 3142: 3120: 2955: 2946: 2914: 2907:Cidvilāsīya Śaṅkara Vijayaṃ 2906: 2706:Satchidanandendra Sarasvati 2614: 2450: 2369: 2317: 2267: 2223: 10: 14650: 11558:Olivelle, Patrick (1992). 11519:Nakamura, Hajime (1990) . 11475:10.1177/097318490500200202 11127:Shah-Kazemi, Reza (2006). 11097:Scheepers, Alfred (2000). 10942:Popular Prakashan (2000). 10872:10.12797/CIS.18.2016.18.07 10859:Cracow Indological Studies 10836:Nakamura, Hajime (2004) , 10799:Hinduism. Past and present 10763:. Encyclopedia Britannica. 10553:Keshava Menon, Y. (1976). 10460:Halbfass, Wilhelm (1990). 10194:Blake Michael, R. (1992), 8387:Swami Vivekananda (2015). 8364:Johannes Buitenen (1978). 7872:Bühnemann, Gudrun (2003). 7583:Menon, Y. Keshava (1976). 7489:Students' Britannica India 5765:(7th–9th century) and the 5740:in the west and north the 5681:See also IndiaDivine.org, 5451:Edward Roer (Translator), 4806: 4627:concerning non-duality of 4452:, "This Atman is Brahman." 3873: 3755:, I am Shiva, I am Shiva. 3464:(literally, commentary on 3429: 3246: 3111: 2854: 2850: 2572: 2488:Chalukya dynasty of Badami 2351:, his commentaries on ten 2213:आदि शङ्कर, आदि शङ्कराचार्य 2116:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 1745:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 1389:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 404:"Unfoldment of the middle" 36: 29: 14554:Indian Hindu missionaries 14458: 14390: 14294: 14179: 14099: 14034: 13956: 13863: 13848: 13800: 13762: 13474: 13399: 13274: 13265: 13195: 13132: 13123: 13054: 12548: 12347: 12147: 12116: 12031: 11946: 11877: 11870: 11814: 11765: 11752: 11744: 11739: 11358:Encyclopædia Britannica, 11180:, The Divine Life Society 11176:Sivananda, Swami (1993), 10827:Nakamura, Hajime (1999), 10786:Menon, Sangeetha (2012), 10534:Isayeva, Natalia (1993). 10247:Cenkner, William (1995), 10225:Braue, Donald A. (1984), 10220:, Oxford University Press 9268:, pp. 55 note 9, 57. 8951:Reality in Indian Thought 8923:, Chapter XIX, Section VI 8661:, pp. 1–21, 103–119. 8049:– via Google Books. 7984:– via Google Books. 7888:– via Google Books. 6991:Ron Geaves (March 2002). 6828:The Age Of Sankara (1916) 6035:Deutsch & Dalvi (2004 5251:Śaṅkara Bhagavatpādācārya 5115:Shri Gaudapadacharya Math 4758: 4676:Renouncement of ritualism 4477:Chandogya Upanishad 6.8.7 4275:Samanvayat Tatparya Linga 4264:Samanvayat Tatparya Linga 3751:I am Consciousness, I am 3604:in Santa Cruz, California 3600:Murti of Shankara at the 3432:Adi Shankara bibliography 3200: 2899:by Mādhava (17th c.) and 2830:Murti of Shankara at his 2429: 2212: 2203:(8th c. CE), also called 2162:Other Indian philosophies 1910: 1890: 1874: 1858: 889:Classical Advaita Vedanta 639:Classical Advaita Vedanta 593:Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta 271:Classical Advaita vedanta 190:Classical Advaita Vedanta 146: 136: 131: 121: 116: 105: 95: 87: 75: 70: 55: 48: 39:Adi Shankaracharya (film) 14619:Philosophers of religion 14574:Indian spiritual writers 14509:8th-century Indian poets 14044:Friedrich Schleiermacher 13630:Theories about religions 13432:Inconsistent revelations 12326:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 11488:Philosophy East and West 11423:Fort, Andrew O. (1998). 11227:. Sri Ramakrishna Math. 11194:Stoker, Valerie (2016), 10759:Mayeda, Sengaku (2015). 10740:Mayeda, Sengaku (2006). 10718:Mayeda, Sengaku (1992), 10514:Isaeva, Natalia (1993). 10395:Grimes, John A. (1996), 10295:Dasgupta, S. N. (1997). 10286:Comans, Michael (2000), 10127:Bader, Jonathan (2001), 10021:. Taylor & Francis. 9646:, p. 253 (Up.II.3). 9285:Deutsch & Dalvi 2004 8844:Brahmasutra-bhasya 1.1.4 8730:, p. XVIII, note 3. 8410:23 November 2015 at the 8367:The Mahābhārata (vol. 3) 7957:– via archive.org. 7935:Flood, Gavin D. (1996). 7924:– via archive.org. 7902:Harle, James C. (1994). 7770:, p. 218, 220, 224. 7734:, pp. 71–82, 93–94. 7585:The Mind of Adi Shankara 6846:A History of South India 6844:K.A. Nilakantha Sastry, 6790:. Penguin. p. 376. 5519:Sankara-mandara-saurabha 5186: 5100:Adi Shri Gauḍapādāchārya 4955:Jagadguru Shankaracharya 4936: 4575:, how can anyduty exist? 4289:(message repeated); (3) 4110:) and self-established ( 3657:Sringeri Sharada Peetham 3655:Vidyashankara temple at 3477:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 3425: 3087: 2915:Keraļīya Śaṅkara Vijayaṃ 2355:, his commentary on the 1806:Kamalakanta Bhattacharya 905:Sringeri Sharada Peetham 498:Vedantasara of Sadananda 12256:Samkhyapravachana Sutra 11140:. Motilal Banarsidass. 10927:. Motilal Banarsidass. 10797:Michaels, Axel (2004). 10744:. Motilal Banarsidass. 10344:Doniger, Wendy (1999). 10304:Deutsch, Eliot (1973), 10277:Clark, Matthew (2006), 10198:, Motilal Banarsidass, 10106:Allen, Charles (2017). 9469:, p. 172, Up.18.6. 9454:9 February 2022 at the 9323:, p. 203, note 14. 9102:, pp. 31–33 verse 1.1.4 9081:Michael Comans (1993), 8439:English Translation 3: 7675:Hovey, Sally Wriggins. 7320:Cynthia Talbot (2001), 7006:Kruijf & Sahoo 2014 6665:, pp. 60, 145–154. 6283:, p. 215, 221-222. 5463:Katie Javanaud (2013), 5454:Shankara's Introduction 5422:, pp. 60, 145–154) 5374:" and the knowledge of 4834:was very much like the 4593:Upadesasahasri Shankara 4148:Logic versus revelation 4056:My nature is ever free! 3998:exegesis of the vedas. 3937:Systematizer of Advaita 3739:Philosophy and practice 3585:Shankara also authored 3536:Adhyatama-patala-bhasya 2786:, presenting the other 2728:(11th c.), who aligned 1791:Nigamananda Paramahansa 1068:Vishishtadvaita Vedanta 14519:Ancient Indian writers 13908:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers 13048:Philosophy of religion 11992:Early Buddhist schools 11636:Sankaracharya (1910). 11628:10.7825/2164-6279.1295 11586:Reigle, David (2001). 11560:The Samnyasa Upanisads 11442:Fuller, C. J. (2004). 11189:, Motilall Banarsidass 11185:Sivaraman, K. (1973), 11092:, Motilall Banarsidass 11068:Rosen, Steven (2006), 10686:, Ashgate Publishing, 10608:King, Richard (2002). 10599:King, Richard (2001). 10571:King, Richard (1999). 10562:King, Richard (1995), 10330:, World Wisdom, Inc., 10229:, Motilall Banarsidass 10140:, Boydell & Brewer 9658:, p. 196 note 13. 8645:Frank Whaling (1979), 7968:Eck, Diana L. (1998). 7831:Popular Prakashan 2000 7803:Wendy Sinclair-Brull, 7696:. Anmol Publications. 7587:. Jaico. p. 109. 7332:, pp. 185–187, 199–201 6971:Frank Whaling (1979), 5709:as "I am he, I am he". 5415:Atman versus anatman: 5276:Elsewhere, Shankara's 5021:Jagadguru Adi Shankara 4970:was released in which 4963:Jagadguru Aadisankaran 4878: 4852: 4710: 4680:Shankara, in his text 4577: 4531: 4248: 4221: 4073: 3809: 3663: 3605: 3422: 3302: 3169: 2843: 2823: 2647: 2584: 1433:Shakti Vishishtadvaita 927:Modern Advaita Vedanta 884:Monasteries and Orders 537:Attributed to Shankara 14589:Malayali Hindu saints 14524:Founders of religions 14514:Advaitin philosophers 14443:Faith and rationality 14398:Criticism of religion 14336:Robert Merrihew Adams 14326:Nicholas Wolterstorff 13529:Divine command theory 11722:Works by Adi Shankara 11713:Works by Adi Shankara 11698:Works by Adi Shankara 11221:Tapasyananda (2015). 10983:Potter, Karl (2008), 10963:Potter, Karl (2006), 10948:. Popular Prakashan. 10923:Pande, G. C. (2011). 10612:. London: Routledge. 10251:, Motilall Banarsidas 10212:Bowker, John (2000), 10174:Black, Brian (2012), 8472:The Way toward Wisdom 8468:Benedict Ashley, O.P. 8403:* Original Sanskrit: 8250:Mishra, Godavarisha. 7791:Karigoudar Ishwaran, 6784:Roshen Dalal (2010). 6756:"Dating Adi Shankara" 5761:and in the south the 5747:in the southwest the 4866: 4828: 4706: 4562: 4515: 4243: 4232:as an aid to gaining 4201: 4051: 4035:is the attainment of 4017:, as mediated by the 4007:attained in this life 3984:(individual self) as 3874:Further information: 3856:, as mediated by the 3846:attained in this life 3743: 3714:Lalita-trisati-bhasya 3654: 3599: 3430:Further information: 3417: 3278: 3165: 2993:) as well as Badari ( 2935:, in a village named 2829: 2818: 2642: 2582: 2392:(individual self) as 1680:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 1660:Achintya Bheda Abheda 1368:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 1361:Achintya Bheda Abheda 944:Arsha Vidya Gurukulam 857:Precanonical Buddhism 731:Swami Sarvapriyananda 488:Advaita Bodha Deepika 14629:Scholars from Kerala 14614:Philosophers of mind 14579:Indian yoga teachers 14433:Religious philosophy 13913:Pico della Mirandola 13878:Anselm of Canterbury 13810:Augustinian theodicy 13722:Religious skepticism 13055:Concepts in religion 12430:Brihadratha Ikshvaku 12267:Sarvadarsanasangraha 12044:Acintya bheda abheda 11724:at sankaracharya.org 11405:Jiddu Krishnamurti, 10768:McRae, John (2003), 10451:Halbfass, W (1983). 10053:on 12 November 2013. 9892:Dalal, Neil (2021), 8754:, pp. 3, 29–30. 8647:Śankara and Buddhism 8324:Adi Shankaracharya, 7914:–142, 191, 201–203. 7558:Adago, John (2018). 6974:Sankara and Buddhism 6424:, pp. xii–xiii. 5905:" and "I act," have 5789:An Lu-shan rebellion 5687:and arshabodha.org, 5599:, among others. See 5591:, Citsukha of deity 5284:pp. 348–350, 754–757 5245:Śaṅkara Bhagavatpāda 5175:Dakshinamurti Stotra 4997:National Film Awards 4421:Brhadāranyaka I.4.10 4193:Anantanand Rambachan 4178:Anantanand Rambachan 4106:to be self-evident ( 4079:- means of knowledge 3729:Hastamalakiya-bhasya 3612:) and one to Shiva ( 3545:Dakshinamurti Stotra 3542:(poetic works), the 3481:Taittiriya Upanishad 3472:school of Hinduism. 3300:("deity of choice"). 3114:Dashanami Sampradaya 2975:Govinda Bhagavatpada 2893:Brhat-Sankara-Vijaya 2793:Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha 2779:Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha 2686:Brahmatattva-samiksa 2682:Brahma Sutra Bhashya 2608:and have influenced 2353:principal Upanishads 2005:Principal Upanishads 1670:Chaitanya Mahaprabhu 1093:Neo-Advaita teachers 1083:Inchegeri Sampradaya 1023:Anantanand Rambachan 988:Daniel H. H. Ingalls 900:Gaudapadacharya Math 895:Dashanami Sampradaya 771:Nisargadatta Maharaj 738:Shaivism/Tantra/Nath 616:Inchegeri Sampradaya 610:Works by Vivekananda 598:Pratyabhijnahridayam 474:Principal Upanishads 234:Inchegeri Sampradaya 209:Shaivism/Tantra/Nath 141:Govinda Bhagavatpada 14634:Writers from Kerala 14569:Indian male writers 14418:History of religion 14119:Friedrich Nietzsche 13996:Gottfried W Leibniz 13991:Nicolas Malebranche 13923:King James VI and I 13203:Abrahamic religions 12490:Dayananda Saraswati 12064:Nimbarka Sampradaya 11988:Buddhist philosophy 11331:Neil Dalal (2021), 11136:Sharma, C. (1997). 9882:, pp. 218–219. 9783:, pp. 91, 218. 9771:, pp. 219–221. 9547:, pp. 190–192. 9389:, pp. 50, 172. 9156:, pp. 12, 172. 9028:, pp. 210–221. 8889:, pp. 167–169. 8240:, pp. 113–115. 8228:, pp. 351–352. 8196:, pp. 105–113. 8075:. 21 September 2023 7394:, pp. 160–162. 7295:, pp. 178–183. 6902:Tapasyananda (2015) 6873:Tapasyananda (2015) 6831:. B.G. Paul and Co. 6616:, pp. 405–413. 6565:Chattopadhyaya 2000 6516:, pp. 678–679. 6441:, pp. 205–208. 5986:, p. 54), and 5754:in the Dekkhan the 5749:Rashtrakuta Dynasty 5744:(7th–10th century), 5380:as revealed to the 5018:On 15 August 2013, 5009:Best Cinematography 4285:(conclusions); (2) 3880:History of Hinduism 3551:Bhajagovinda Stotra 3485:Chandogya Upanishad 3220:in the North. Each 3181:Daśanāmi Sampradaya 3122:Daśanāmi Sampradāya 2997:in the Himalayas). 2889:Shankaracaryacarita 2759:Vijayanagara Empire 2575:History of Hinduism 2478:The records of the 2314:Indian subcontinent 1513:Raghunatha Siromani 960:Ramakrishna Mission 934:Divine Life Society 721:Swami Chinmayananda 161:Part of a series on 14559:Indian Hindu monks 14428:Religious language 14408:Ethics in religion 14366:William Lane Craig 14241:Charles Hartshorne 13981:Desiderius Erasmus 13883:Augustine of Hippo 13825:Inconsistent triad 13787:Apophatic theology 13782:Logical positivism 13764:Religious language 13384:Watchmaker analogy 13349:Necessary existent 13125:Conceptions of God 13085:Intelligent design 12101:Pashupata Shaivism 11931:Pashupata Shaivism 11662:10.1007/BF02561251 11601:(3): 57–60, 70–71. 11285:10.1007/BF02561251 11178:All About Hinduism 11071:Essential Hinduism 10702:A History of India 10159:10.1007/BF00218430 9682:, p. 155-156. 9481:, pp. 60, 62. 9421:, p. 151-152. 8125:The Times of India 8100:The Times of India 7782:, p. 224-225. 7474:Sankara-Dig-Vijaya 7212:, p. 691-693. 7149:, p. 290–291. 6943:Keshava Menon 1976 6813:The Age of Sankara 6472:, pp. 98–106. 6269:Blake Michael 1992 6113:, p. 129-130. 6073:Suthren Hirst 2005 5758:(7th–8th century), 5707:Shivoham, Shivoham 5603:, pp. 69–72). 5532:Swami Tapasyananda 5515:Aryavidya-sudhakar 5306:(Vedic learning). 4988:Adi Shankaracharya 4792:Mandukya Upanishad 4696:is different from 4584:Meditation on the 4537:is different from 4485:(great sentence) " 4426:प्रज्ञानं ब्रह्म, 3870:Historical context 3866:, "That you are." 3721:Vishnu sahasranāma 3664: 3606: 3509:Mandukya Upanishad 3489:Aitareya Upanishad 3423: 3401:Omkareshwar Temple 2844: 2824: 2585: 2308:, travelling on a 2205:Adi Shankaracharya 920:Jyotirmaṭha Pīṭhaṃ 18:Adi Shankaracharya 14544:History of Kerala 14486: 14485: 14386: 14385: 14346:Peter van Inwagen 14331:Richard Swinburne 14276:George I Mavrodes 14136:Vladimir Solovyov 14076:Søren Kierkegaard 14001:William Wollaston 13948:William of Ockham 13928:Marcion of Sinope 13830:Irenaean theodicy 13820:Euthyphro dilemma 13747:Transcendentalism 13576:Womanist theology 13566:Feminist theology 13470: 13469: 13261: 13260: 13147:Divine simplicity 13067:Euthyphro dilemma 13014: 13013: 12866:Pratītyasamutpāda 12027: 12026: 11808:Indian philosophy 11775: 11774: 11766:Succeeded by 11740:Religious titles 11717:Project Gutenberg 11453:978-0-691-12048-5 11434:978-0-791-43904-3 11234:978-81-7823-342-0 11214:978-1-134-25441-5 11168:978-81-208-1575-9 11147:978-81-208-0365-7 11081:978-0-275-99006-0 11033:978-0-8248-1358-1 11014:978-0-88706-139-4 10994:978-81-208-0310-7 10955:978-0-85229-760-5 10934:978-81-208-1104-1 10916:978-0-19-954025-9 10903:Olivelle, Patrick 10895:978-0-19-283576-5 10880:Olivelle, Patrick 10820:978-81-208-0423-4 10779:978-0-520-23798-8 10751:978-81-208-2771-4 10693:978-1-4724-1913-2 10666:978-0-415-78294-4 10647:978-1-134-18001-1 10545:978-0-7914-1282-4 10525:978-0-7914-1281-7 10495:978-1-136-87597-7 10471:978-0-7914-0362-4 10444:978-0-7914-2582-4 10426:978-0-7546-3395-2 10408:978-0-7914-3067-5 10375:Feuerstein, Georg 10363:978-0-87779-044-0 10317:978-0-8248-0271-4 10214:"Advaita Vedanta" 10205:978-81-208-0776-1 10119:978-1-4087-0540-7 10028:978-1-135-94325-7 9998:978-0-275-99313-9 9935:978-81-208-0619-1 9870:, pp. 92–93. 9750:978-81-7120-059-7 9321:Bhatawadekar 2013 9191:978-1-5381-2294-5 9114:, pp. 46–53. 9100:978-1-60506-634-9 9002:978-81-208-1330-4 8973:978-0-271-02832-3 8938:978-0-8153-3609-9 8921:978-0-671-54800-1 8904:978-0-7914-2675-3 8834:, pp. 46–47. 8562:, pp. 25–28. 8535:, p. 99–108. 8481:978-0-268-02028-6 8434:978-1-4349-9898-9 8423:978-81-7276-268-1 8376:978-0-226-84665-1 8213:, pp. 93–97. 8127:. 4 November 2021 8017:Himalayan Academy 7981:978-0-231-11265-9 7954:978-0-521-43878-0 7921:978-0-300-06217-5 7746:, pp. 90–91. 7722:, pp. 82–91. 7703:978-81-261-3112-9 7648:, pp. 76–77. 7615:, pp. 74–75. 7526:978-0-945636-97-7 7499:978-0-85229-760-5 7330:978-0-19-513661-6 7046:978-81-208-0982-6 6960:978-87-630-0231-8 6797:978-0-14-341421-6 6677:, pp. 83–87. 6584:, pp. 44–45. 6582:Shcherbatsky 1927 6392:, pp. 30–31. 6200:, pp. 33–34. 6131:978-0-7914-7082-4 6098:, pp. 69–82. 5872:Vachaspati Mishra 5868:Shcherbatsky 1927 5856:978-0-691-61486-1 5848:978-81-7120-059-7 5742:Gurjara-Pratihara 5476:978-81-208-0158-5 5442:978-0-7914-2217-5 5431:978-81-208-0619-1 5401:pracchana bauddha 5338:, is followed by 5140:Shivananda Lahari 5095:Swami Vivekananda 5086:Philosophy portal 4890:Prachanna Bauddha 4815:Mahayana Buddhism 4444:अयमात्मा ब्रह्म, 4413:अहं ब्रह्मास्मि, 3893:reflected in the 3702:Lalita-shasranama 3560:Carpata-panjarika 3505:Prashna Upanishad 3462:Brahmasutrabhasya 3442:Prakaraṇa grantha 3318:) is a system of 3305:Panchayatana puja 3216:in the South and 3136:Panchayatana puja 3082:Hastamalakacharya 2941:Nambudiri Brahmin 2873:('The conquests ( 2498:Scholarly datings 2408:Mahayana Buddhism 2349:Brahmasutrabhasya 2341:Prakaraṇa grantha 2247:), was an Indian 2233: 2221: 2198: 2197: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1288: 1287: 1232: 1231: 1144: 1143: 910:Govardhana Pīṭhaṃ 799:Sramanic movement 711:Swami Rama Tirtha 706:Swami Vivekananda 156: 155: 16:(Redirected from 14641: 14624:Sanskrit writers 14584:Kerala academics 14476: 14475: 14466: 14371:Ali Akbar Rashad 14234:Reinhold Niebuhr 14194:Bertrand Russell 14189:George Santayana 14086:Albrecht Ritschl 14071:Ludwig Feuerbach 13861: 13860: 13857:(by date active) 13717:Process theology 13462:Russell's teapot 13272: 13271: 13267:Existence of God 13177:Process theology 13130: 13129: 13115:Theological veto 13078:religious belief 13041: 13034: 13027: 13018: 13017: 12520:Satyakama Jabala 12455:Akshapada Gotama 12405:Gārgī Vāchaknavī 12385:Vāchaspati Misra 12243:Nyayakusumanjali 12177:Bhagavata Purana 12134:Radical Humanism 12106:Shaiva Siddhanta 11875: 11874: 11847:Vedic philosophy 11801: 11794: 11787: 11778: 11777: 11769:Sureshwaracharya 11745:Preceded by 11737: 11736: 11709: 11708: 11693:Internet Archive 11673: 11643: 11632: 11630: 11602: 11592: 11582: 11573: 11554: 11524: 11515: 11514:on 28 June 2011. 11510:. Archived from 11478: 11457: 11438: 11410: 11402: 11389: 11388: 11383:. Archived from 11377: 11362: 11356: 11350: 11345: 11336: 11329: 11313: 11304: 11267: 11238: 11217: 11199: 11190: 11181: 11172: 11151: 11132: 11123: 11102: 11093: 11084: 11064: 11055: 11037: 11018: 10997: 10979: 10959: 10938: 10919: 10898: 10875: 10874: 10853: 10841: 10832: 10823: 10802: 10793: 10782: 10764: 10755: 10736: 10714: 10705: 10696: 10678: 10669: 10651: 10621: 10604: 10584: 10567: 10558: 10549: 10529: 10510: 10498: 10480:Hiltebeitel, Alf 10475: 10456: 10447: 10429: 10411: 10391: 10382: 10370: 10351: 10340: 10320: 10300: 10291: 10282: 10273: 10252: 10243: 10230: 10221: 10208: 10190: 10170: 10141: 10132: 10123: 10088: 10082: 10076: 10075: 10069: 10061: 10055: 10054: 10039: 10033: 10032: 10012: 10001: 9990: 9984: 9983:, pp. 1–42. 9978: 9967: 9953: 9947: 9944: 9938: 9927: 9921: 9918: 9909: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9889: 9883: 9877: 9871: 9865: 9856: 9850: 9844: 9838: 9832: 9826: 9820: 9814: 9808: 9802: 9796: 9790: 9784: 9778: 9772: 9766: 9760: 9741:Upadesha sahasri 9737: 9731: 9725: 9719: 9713: 9707: 9701: 9695: 9689: 9683: 9677: 9671: 9665: 9659: 9653: 9647: 9641: 9635: 9629: 9623: 9617: 9611: 9605: 9599: 9593: 9587: 9581: 9575: 9569: 9563: 9557: 9548: 9542: 9536: 9525: 9519: 9512: 9506: 9500: 9494: 9488: 9482: 9476: 9470: 9464: 9458: 9443: 9434: 9428: 9422: 9416: 9407: 9401: 9390: 9384: 9378: 9372: 9366: 9360: 9351: 9345: 9336: 9330: 9324: 9318: 9312: 9306: 9300: 9294: 9288: 9282: 9269: 9263: 9254: 9248: 9237: 9231: 9225: 9219: 9208: 9202: 9196: 9195: 9175: 9169: 9163: 9157: 9151: 9145: 9139: 9133: 9130: 9124: 9121: 9115: 9109: 9103: 9092: 9086: 9079: 9068: 9062: 9056: 9047: 9041: 9035: 9029: 9023: 9017: 9011: 9005: 8994: 8988: 8982: 8976: 8965: 8954: 8947: 8941: 8930: 8924: 8913: 8907: 8896: 8890: 8884: 8878: 8872: 8866: 8860: 8847: 8841: 8835: 8829: 8823: 8817: 8811: 8805: 8794: 8788: 8779: 8773: 8767: 8761: 8755: 8749: 8743: 8737: 8731: 8725: 8719: 8713: 8704: 8698: 8692: 8686: 8677: 8671: 8662: 8656: 8650: 8643: 8637: 8627: 8621: 8620: 8594: 8588: 8582: 8563: 8557: 8551: 8545: 8536: 8530: 8521: 8520:, p. 41–43. 8515: 8506: 8500: 8494: 8493: 8464: 8458: 8452: 8446: 8441:Nirvana Shatakam 8401: 8395: 8394: 8384: 8378: 8362: 8356: 8350: 8344: 8338: 8329: 8322: 8316: 8310: 8301: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8283:Vidyasankar, S. 8280: 8274: 8273: 8271: 8269: 8263: 8257:. Archived from 8256: 8247: 8241: 8235: 8229: 8223: 8214: 8208: 8197: 8191: 8170: 8164: 8158: 8152: 8146: 8143: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8132: 8117: 8111: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8091: 8085: 8084: 8082: 8080: 8069: 8063: 8057: 8051: 8050: 8030: 8021: 8020: 8009: 8003: 7992: 7986: 7985: 7965: 7959: 7958: 7942: 7932: 7926: 7925: 7909: 7899: 7890: 7889: 7869: 7858: 7855:Hiltebeitel 2002 7852: 7846: 7840: 7834: 7828: 7819: 7813: 7807: 7801: 7795: 7789: 7783: 7777: 7771: 7765: 7759: 7753: 7747: 7741: 7735: 7729: 7723: 7717: 7708: 7707: 7687: 7681: 7680: 7672: 7666: 7665:, pp. 5–36. 7660: 7649: 7643: 7637: 7631: 7616: 7610: 7599: 7598: 7580: 7574: 7573: 7555: 7549: 7546: 7540: 7537: 7531: 7530: 7510: 7504: 7503: 7484: 7478: 7477: 7469: 7463: 7462: 7460: 7458: 7446:Vidyasankar, S. 7443: 7437: 7431: 7422: 7416: 7410: 7404: 7395: 7389: 7383: 7377: 7366: 7360: 7345: 7339: 7333: 7318: 7305: 7302: 7296: 7290: 7281: 7280:, p. 55-56. 7275: 7266: 7260: 7254: 7248: 7242: 7236: 7230: 7224: 7213: 7207: 7201: 7195: 7189: 7183: 7177: 7171: 7162: 7156: 7150: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7120: 7114: 7108: 7102: 7096: 7090: 7084: 7078: 7072: 7063: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7030: 7024: 7018: 7009: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6988: 6982: 6969: 6963: 6952: 6946: 6940: 6929: 6923: 6917: 6911: 6905: 6904:, p. 15-17. 6899: 6893: 6887: 6876: 6870: 6864: 6863:, p. 83-84. 6858: 6849: 6842: 6833: 6832: 6822: 6816: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6781: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6752: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741: 6728: 6722: 6721: 6711: 6705: 6699: 6678: 6672: 6666: 6660: 6649: 6643: 6634: 6628: 6617: 6611: 6600: 6594: 6585: 6579: 6568: 6562: 6553: 6547: 6536: 6530: 6517: 6511: 6505: 6502:Shah-Kazemi 2006 6499: 6488: 6482: 6473: 6467: 6442: 6436: 6425: 6419: 6408: 6402: 6393: 6387: 6372: 6366: 6357: 6351: 6332: 6326: 6320: 6314: 6308: 6302: 6296: 6290: 6284: 6278: 6272: 6266: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6240:, p. 29–30. 6235: 6216: 6210: 6201: 6195: 6180: 6174: 6168: 6162: 6149: 6143: 6134: 6123: 6114: 6108: 6099: 6093: 6076: 6070: 6055: 6052: 6046: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6012: 6009: 6003: 5982:, p. 219), 5886: 5880: 5865: 5859: 5836: 5830: 5827: 5821: 5814: 5808: 5802: 5796: 5778: 5772: 5756:Chalukya dynasty 5733:In the east the 5725: 5719: 5716: 5710: 5703: 5697: 5679: 5673: 5669: 5663: 5627: 5621: 5610: 5604: 5595:, Anandagiri of 5580: 5574: 5568: 5562: 5556: 5547: 5541: 5535: 5528: 5522: 5511: 5505: 5497: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5467:, Philosophy Now 5413: 5404: 5394: 5385: 5296: 5285: 5270: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5240: 5234: 5228: 5222: 5199: 5135:Soundarya Lahari 5088: 5083: 5082: 5081: 5074: 5069: 5068: 5060: 5055: 5054: 5053: 5046: 5041: 5040: 5039: 5013:Best Audiography 4978:plays childhood. 4667: 4664: 4573: 4555: 4552: 4428:prajñānam brahma 4392:Chandogya VI.8.7 4311:Anvaya-Vyatireka 4126:) nor upon man ( 4071: 3876:History of India 3813: 3669:Aparokshanubhuti 3646: 3556:Shivanandalahari 3364:, also known as 3316: 3314:Pañcāyatana pūjā 3286:varnasramadharma 3249:Smarta Tradition 3243:Smarta Tradition 3203: 3202: 3197: 3149:Smarta tradition 3145: 3125: 3042:Hindu philosophy 2951: 2917: 2909: 2897:Sankaradigvijaya 2891:. Of these, the 2836:Kedarnath Temple 2672:Vachaspati Miśra 2619: 2542: 2539: 2531: 2528: 2519: 2515: 2512: 2453: 2374: 2272: 2246: 2241: 2228: 2226: 2216: 2214: 2190: 2183: 2176: 2029:Agama (Hinduism) 2017:Other scriptures 2010:Minor Upanishads 1856: 1855: 1725:Ekasarana Dharma 1569:Vāchaspati Misra 1489: 1488: 1405:Shaiva Siddhanta 1382:Ekasarana Dharma 1245: 1244: 1182: 1181: 1169: 1159:Hindu philosophy 1146: 1145: 1136: 1129: 1122: 1109:Hindu philosophy 1107: 1078:Kashmir Shaivism 1073:Advaita Shaivism 1018:Patrick Olivelle 939:Chinmaya Mission 692:Advaita teachers 665:Vāchaspati Misra 587:Kashmir Shaivism 569:Yoga Yajnavalkya 552:Aparokshanubhuti 493:Dŗg-Dŗśya-Viveka 344:Kashmir Shaivism 327:Cause and effect 216:Kashmir Shaivism 177: 158: 157: 132:Religious career 60: 46: 45: 21: 14649: 14648: 14644: 14643: 14642: 14640: 14639: 14638: 14539:Hindu reformers 14489: 14488: 14487: 14482: 14454: 14382: 14378:Alexander Pruss 14361:Jean-Luc Marion 14316:Alvin Plantinga 14311:Dewi Z Phillips 14298: 14296: 14290: 14261:Walter Kaufmann 14251:Frithjof Schuon 14224:Rudolf Bultmann 14181: 14175: 14171:Joseph Maréchal 14161:Pavel Florensky 14156:Sergei Bulgakov 14141:Ernst Troeltsch 14124:Harald Høffding 14101: 14095: 14066:William Whewell 14054:Georg W F Hegel 14049:Karl C F Krause 14036: 14030: 14026:Johann G Herder 14016:Baron d'Holbach 13966:Augustin Calmet 13952: 13868: 13856: 13855: 13852: 13844: 13802:Problem of evil 13796: 13792:Verificationism 13758: 13466: 13412:Atheist's Wager 13395: 13257: 13191: 13119: 13095:Problem of evil 13050: 13045: 13015: 13010: 12836:Parameshashakti 12544: 12480:Ramana Maharshi 12365:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 12343: 12309:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 12283:Tattvacintāmaṇi 12156:Abhinavabharati 12143: 12112: 12086:Sikh Philosophy 12074:Vishishtadvaita 12023: 11942: 11866: 11810: 11805: 11771: 11758: 11750: 11706: 11680: 11647: 11635: 11605: 11590: 11585: 11576: 11570: 11557: 11543:10.2307/2104222 11528: 11518: 11500:10.2307/1397287 11481: 11460: 11454: 11441: 11435: 11422: 11419: 11417:Further reading 11414: 11413: 11403: 11392: 11379: 11378: 11365: 11357: 11353: 11346: 11339: 11330: 11326: 11316: 11235: 11215: 11169: 11148: 11131:. World Wisdom. 11120: 11082: 11053: 11034: 11015: 10995: 10977: 10956: 10935: 10917: 10896: 10865:(18): 145–166, 10821: 10789:Advaita Vedanta 10780: 10752: 10734: 10694: 10667: 10648: 10546: 10526: 10496: 10472: 10445: 10427: 10409: 10364: 10338: 10318: 10270: 10206: 10188: 10120: 10099:Printed sources 10096: 10091: 10083: 10079: 10067: 10063: 10062: 10058: 10041: 10040: 10036: 10029: 10013: 10004: 9991: 9987: 9979: 9970: 9954: 9950: 9945: 9941: 9928: 9924: 9919: 9912: 9903: 9901: 9890: 9886: 9878: 9874: 9866: 9859: 9851: 9847: 9839: 9835: 9827: 9823: 9815: 9811: 9803: 9799: 9791: 9787: 9779: 9775: 9767: 9763: 9743: 9738: 9734: 9726: 9722: 9714: 9710: 9702: 9698: 9690: 9686: 9678: 9674: 9666: 9662: 9654: 9650: 9642: 9638: 9630: 9626: 9618: 9614: 9606: 9602: 9594: 9590: 9582: 9578: 9570: 9566: 9558: 9551: 9543: 9539: 9535:, pages 136–137 9526: 9522: 9513: 9509: 9501: 9497: 9489: 9485: 9477: 9473: 9465: 9461: 9456:Wayback Machine 9444: 9437: 9429: 9425: 9417: 9410: 9402: 9393: 9385: 9381: 9373: 9369: 9361: 9354: 9346: 9339: 9331: 9327: 9319: 9315: 9307: 9303: 9295: 9291: 9283: 9272: 9264: 9257: 9249: 9240: 9232: 9228: 9220: 9211: 9203: 9199: 9192: 9176: 9172: 9164: 9160: 9152: 9148: 9140: 9136: 9131: 9127: 9122: 9118: 9110: 9106: 9093: 9089: 9080: 9071: 9063: 9059: 9048: 9044: 9040:, Chapters 2–4. 9036: 9032: 9024: 9020: 9012: 9008: 8995: 8991: 8983: 8979: 8966: 8957: 8948: 8944: 8931: 8927: 8914: 8910: 8897: 8893: 8885: 8881: 8873: 8869: 8861: 8850: 8842: 8838: 8830: 8826: 8818: 8814: 8806: 8797: 8789: 8782: 8774: 8770: 8762: 8758: 8750: 8746: 8738: 8734: 8726: 8722: 8714: 8707: 8699: 8695: 8687: 8680: 8672: 8665: 8657: 8653: 8644: 8640: 8628: 8624: 8609: 8595: 8591: 8583: 8566: 8558: 8554: 8546: 8539: 8531: 8524: 8516: 8509: 8501: 8497: 8482: 8465: 8461: 8453: 8449: 8412:Wayback Machine 8402: 8398: 8385: 8381: 8363: 8359: 8351: 8347: 8339: 8332: 8323: 8319: 8311: 8304: 8294: 8292: 8281: 8277: 8267: 8265: 8264:on 22 June 2006 8261: 8254: 8248: 8244: 8236: 8232: 8224: 8217: 8209: 8200: 8192: 8173: 8165: 8161: 8153: 8149: 8144: 8140: 8130: 8128: 8119: 8118: 8114: 8104: 8102: 8092: 8088: 8078: 8076: 8071: 8070: 8066: 8058: 8054: 8047: 8031: 8024: 8011: 8010: 8006: 7993: 7989: 7982: 7966: 7962: 7955: 7933: 7929: 7922: 7900: 7893: 7886: 7870: 7861: 7853: 7849: 7841: 7837: 7829: 7822: 7818:, p. 1017. 7814: 7810: 7805:Female Ascetics 7802: 7798: 7793:Ascetic Culture 7790: 7786: 7778: 7774: 7766: 7762: 7754: 7750: 7742: 7738: 7730: 7726: 7718: 7711: 7704: 7688: 7684: 7673: 7669: 7661: 7652: 7644: 7640: 7632: 7619: 7611: 7602: 7595: 7581: 7577: 7570: 7560:East Meets West 7556: 7552: 7547: 7543: 7538: 7534: 7527: 7511: 7507: 7500: 7486: 7485: 7481: 7470: 7466: 7456: 7454: 7444: 7440: 7432: 7425: 7421:, pp. 161. 7417: 7413: 7409:, pp. 160. 7405: 7398: 7390: 7386: 7378: 7369: 7361: 7348: 7340: 7336: 7319: 7308: 7303: 7299: 7291: 7284: 7276: 7269: 7263:Feuerstein 1978 7261: 7257: 7249: 7245: 7237: 7233: 7225: 7216: 7208: 7204: 7196: 7192: 7184: 7180: 7176:, pp. 6–7. 7172: 7165: 7157: 7153: 7145: 7141: 7133: 7129: 7121: 7117: 7109: 7105: 7097: 7093: 7085: 7081: 7073: 7066: 7058: 7054: 7047: 7031: 7027: 7019: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6989: 6985: 6970: 6966: 6953: 6949: 6941: 6932: 6924: 6920: 6912: 6908: 6900: 6896: 6888: 6879: 6871: 6867: 6859: 6852: 6843: 6836: 6823: 6819: 6809: 6805: 6798: 6782: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6762:. 25 March 2003 6760:IndiaDivine.org 6754: 6753: 6749: 6739: 6737: 6736:. 30 April 2020 6733:Sankara Vijayas 6730: 6729: 6725: 6717:Sankara Vijayas 6712: 6708: 6704:, pp. 3–5. 6700: 6681: 6673: 6669: 6661: 6652: 6644: 6637: 6629: 6620: 6612: 6603: 6595: 6588: 6580: 6571: 6563: 6556: 6548: 6539: 6531: 6520: 6512: 6508: 6500: 6491: 6483: 6476: 6468: 6445: 6437: 6428: 6420: 6411: 6403: 6396: 6388: 6375: 6371:, pp. 2–3. 6367: 6360: 6356:, pp. 6–7. 6352: 6335: 6327: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6303: 6299: 6291: 6287: 6279: 6275: 6267: 6256: 6248: 6244: 6236: 6219: 6211: 6204: 6196: 6183: 6175: 6171: 6163: 6152: 6144: 6137: 6124: 6117: 6109: 6102: 6094: 6079: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6049: 6028: 6024: 6019: 6015: 6010: 6006: 5980:Sivananda (1993 5887: 5883: 5866: 5862: 5837: 5833: 5828: 5824: 5815: 5811: 5803: 5799: 5779: 5775: 5763:Pallava dynasty 5730:, p. 41): 5726: 5722: 5717: 5713: 5704: 5700: 5680: 5676: 5670: 5666: 5628: 5624: 5611: 5607: 5581: 5577: 5569: 5565: 5557: 5550: 5542: 5538: 5529: 5525: 5512: 5508: 5498: 5494: 5488: 5484: 5414: 5407: 5395: 5388: 5297: 5288: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5262: 5241: 5237: 5229: 5225: 5217:, p. 163, 5209:, p. 163, 5200: 5193: 5189: 5184: 5130:Vivekachudamani 5084: 5079: 5077: 5072:Religion portal 5070: 5063: 5056: 5051: 5049: 5044:Hinduism portal 5042: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5005:Best Screenplay 4939: 4907: 4823: 4811: 4805: 4763: 4702:Upadeshasahasri 4678: 4665: 4589: 4571: 4553: 4461: 4446:ayamātmā brahma 4364: 4323: 4267: 4226: 4190: 4174:Upadeshasahasri 4150: 4081: 4072: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4055: 3978: 3939: 3882: 3872: 3815: 3811: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3779: 3761: 3759: 3741: 3633: 3564:e Visnu-satpadi 3524:Prasthana Trayi 3501:Katha Upanishad 3454: 3452:Authentic works 3434: 3428: 3397: 3380: 3294:pancayatanapuja 3270:Alf Hiltebeitel 3268:. According to 3251: 3245: 3210:Jagannatha Puri 3157: 3116: 3110: 3090: 3074:Sureśvaracharya 3066:Padmapadacharya 3033: 3031:) and disciples 2958: 2929: 2885:Sankarabhyudaya 2859: 2853: 2834:Mandir, behind 2813: 2807:Hagiographies: 2763:Delhi Sultanate 2742: 2721:Hajime Nakamura 2718: 2638:Richard E. King 2634: 2604:are central to 2594:Advaita Vedanta 2590: 2577: 2571: 2550: 2540: 2529: 2517: 2513: 2500: 2492:Vikramaditya II 2484:Chandragupta II 2466:at 484 BCE and 2464:Jagannatha Puri 2441: 2432: 2386:Advaita Vedanta 2263:Advaita Vedanta 2239: 2194: 2149: 2148: 2147: 2130: 2077:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 2038: 1961: 1946: 1945: 1932: 1931: 1845: 1815: 1777: 1759: 1739: 1719: 1699: 1695:Srinivasacharya 1674: 1654: 1634: 1603: 1584:Vishishtadvaita 1578: 1547: 1538:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 1517: 1503:Akṣapāda Gotama 1486: 1485: 1469: 1468: 1440:Shiva Bhedabeda 1340:Vishishtadvaita 1300: 1299: 1140: 1111: 1098: 1097: 1063:Advaita Vedanta 1053: 1045: 1044: 1013:Hajime Nakamura 993:Richard De Smet 973: 965: 964: 885: 877: 876: 794: 786: 785: 776:H. W. L. Poonja 766:Ramana Maharshi 726:Swami Dayananda 716:Swami Sivananda 685:Bharathi Tirtha 670:Padmapadacharya 635: 627: 626: 542:Vivekachudamani 520:Mandukya Karika 508:Ashtavakra Gita 463:Advaita Vedanta 460: 452: 451: 422: 414: 413: 369: 361: 360: 267: 259: 258: 185: 126:Advaita Vedanta 111:Advaita Vedanta 82: 81: 66: 64:Raja Ravi Varma 51: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 14647: 14637: 14636: 14631: 14626: 14621: 14616: 14611: 14606: 14601: 14596: 14591: 14586: 14581: 14576: 14571: 14566: 14561: 14556: 14551: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14511: 14506: 14501: 14484: 14483: 14481: 14480: 14470: 14459: 14456: 14455: 14453: 14452: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14400: 14394: 14392: 14391:Related topics 14388: 14387: 14384: 14383: 14381: 14380: 14374: 14373: 14368: 14363: 14358: 14353: 14351:Daniel Dennett 14348: 14343: 14341:Ravi Zacharias 14338: 14333: 14328: 14323: 14318: 14313: 14308: 14306:William L Rowe 14302: 14300: 14292: 14291: 14289: 14288: 14283: 14281:William Alston 14278: 14273: 14268: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14248: 14243: 14237: 14236: 14231: 14229:Gabriel Marcel 14226: 14221: 14216: 14211: 14206: 14201: 14196: 14191: 14185: 14183: 14177: 14176: 14174: 14173: 14168: 14166:Ernst Cassirer 14163: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14132: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14105: 14103: 14097: 14096: 14094: 14093: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14061:Thomas Carlyle 14057: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14040: 14038: 14032: 14031: 14029: 14028: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13986:Baruch Spinoza 13983: 13978: 13973: 13971:René Descartes 13968: 13962: 13960: 13954: 13953: 13951: 13950: 13945: 13943:Thomas Aquinas 13940: 13935: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13915: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13874: 13872: 13858: 13849: 13846: 13845: 13843: 13842: 13837: 13832: 13827: 13822: 13817: 13812: 13806: 13804: 13798: 13797: 13795: 13794: 13789: 13784: 13779: 13774: 13768: 13766: 13760: 13759: 13757: 13756: 13749: 13744: 13739: 13734: 13729: 13724: 13719: 13714: 13712:Possibilianism 13709: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13689: 13684: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13668: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13621: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13600: 13595: 13590: 13588:Fundamentalism 13585: 13580: 13579: 13578: 13573: 13563: 13562: 13561: 13556: 13549:Existentialism 13546: 13541: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13486: 13480: 13478: 13472: 13471: 13468: 13467: 13465: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 13444: 13442:Noncognitivism 13439: 13434: 13429: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13409: 13403: 13401: 13397: 13396: 13394: 13393: 13391:Transcendental 13388: 13387: 13386: 13381: 13371: 13366: 13361: 13359:Pascal's wager 13356: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13321: 13316: 13311: 13310: 13309: 13304: 13294: 13289: 13287:Christological 13284: 13278: 13276: 13269: 13263: 13262: 13259: 13258: 13256: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13215: 13210: 13205: 13199: 13197: 13193: 13192: 13190: 13189: 13184: 13179: 13174: 13169: 13164: 13159: 13154: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13133: 13127: 13121: 13120: 13118: 13117: 13112: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13081: 13080: 13069: 13064: 13058: 13056: 13052: 13051: 13044: 13043: 13036: 13029: 13021: 13012: 13011: 13009: 13008: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12923: 12918: 12913: 12911:Shabda Brahman 12908: 12903: 12898: 12893: 12888: 12883: 12878: 12873: 12868: 12863: 12861:Pratibimbavada 12858: 12853: 12848: 12843: 12838: 12833: 12828: 12823: 12818: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12783: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12703: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12663: 12658: 12653: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12618: 12613: 12608: 12603: 12598: 12593: 12588: 12583: 12578: 12573: 12568: 12563: 12558: 12552: 12550: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12542: 12537: 12532: 12527: 12522: 12517: 12512: 12507: 12502: 12500:Vedanta Desika 12497: 12492: 12487: 12482: 12477: 12472: 12467: 12462: 12457: 12452: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12397: 12395:Gautama Buddha 12392: 12390:Uddalaka Aruni 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12351: 12349: 12345: 12344: 12342: 12341: 12336: 12329: 12322: 12317: 12312: 12305: 12304: 12303: 12293: 12286: 12279: 12277:Tarka-Sangraha 12274: 12269: 12264: 12259: 12252: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12234: 12233: 12228: 12220:Mimamsa Sutras 12216: 12209: 12204: 12199: 12192: 12190:Buddhist texts 12187: 12180: 12173: 12166: 12159: 12151: 12149: 12145: 12144: 12142: 12141: 12136: 12131: 12126: 12120: 12118: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12110: 12109: 12108: 12103: 12098: 12088: 12083: 12078: 12077: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12035: 12033: 12029: 12028: 12025: 12024: 12022: 12021: 12020: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12004: 11999: 11985: 11984: 11983: 11978: 11968: 11963: 11958: 11952: 11950: 11944: 11943: 11941: 11940: 11935: 11934: 11933: 11928: 11918: 11913: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11893: 11883: 11881: 11872: 11868: 11867: 11865: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11834: 11829: 11824: 11818: 11816: 11812: 11811: 11804: 11803: 11796: 11789: 11781: 11773: 11772: 11767: 11764: 11751: 11746: 11742: 11741: 11735: 11734: 11725: 11719: 11710: 11695: 11686: 11679: 11678:External links 11676: 11675: 11674: 11645: 11633: 11603: 11583: 11574: 11569:978-0195070453 11568: 11555: 11537:(2): 248–255. 11526: 11516: 11494:(4): 291–306. 11479: 11469:(2): 137–169. 11458: 11452: 11439: 11433: 11427:. SUNY Press. 11418: 11415: 11412: 11411: 11390: 11387:on 8 May 2012. 11363: 11351: 11337: 11323: 11322: 11321: 11320: 11315: 11314: 11305: 11268: 11250:(1/4): 37–46. 11239: 11233: 11218: 11213: 11200: 11191: 11182: 11173: 11167: 11152: 11146: 11133: 11124: 11118: 11103: 11101:. Olive Press. 11094: 11085: 11080: 11065: 11056: 11052:978-0791468524 11051: 11038: 11032: 11019: 11013: 10998: 10993: 10980: 10975: 10960: 10954: 10939: 10933: 10920: 10915: 10899: 10894: 10876: 10854: 10843: 10833: 10824: 10819: 10803: 10794: 10783: 10778: 10765: 10761:"Adi Shankara" 10756: 10750: 10737: 10732: 10715: 10706: 10697: 10692: 10679: 10670: 10665: 10652: 10646: 10633: 10605: 10596: 10568: 10559: 10550: 10544: 10531: 10524: 10511: 10499: 10494: 10476: 10470: 10457: 10448: 10443: 10437:, SUNY Press, 10430: 10425: 10412: 10407: 10401:, SUNY Press, 10392: 10390:, Anthem Press 10383: 10381:. Ankh-Hermes. 10371: 10362: 10341: 10336: 10321: 10316: 10301: 10299:. Vol. 1. 10292: 10283: 10274: 10268: 10253: 10244: 10231: 10222: 10209: 10204: 10191: 10186: 10171: 10142: 10133: 10124: 10118: 10102: 10101: 10100: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10089: 10087:, p. 172. 10077: 10056: 10034: 10027: 10002: 9985: 9968: 9964:978-0887060397 9948: 9939: 9922: 9910: 9884: 9872: 9857: 9845: 9833: 9821: 9809: 9797: 9785: 9773: 9761: 9732: 9720: 9708: 9704:Roodurmun 2002 9696: 9694:, p. 156. 9692:Rambachan 1991 9684: 9680:Rambachan 1991 9672: 9670:, p. 155. 9668:Rambachan 1991 9660: 9648: 9636: 9624: 9612: 9600: 9598:, p. 679. 9588: 9586:, p. 178. 9576: 9574:, p. 675. 9564: 9549: 9537: 9533:978-0520207783 9520: 9507: 9495: 9483: 9471: 9459: 9435: 9423: 9408: 9391: 9379: 9377:, p. 146. 9375:Sivaraman 1973 9367: 9365:, p. 234. 9352: 9337: 9335:, p. 107. 9325: 9313: 9311:, p. 152. 9301: 9289: 9270: 9255: 9238: 9226: 9209: 9197: 9190: 9170: 9158: 9146: 9134: 9125: 9116: 9104: 9087: 9069: 9057: 9042: 9038:Rambachan 1991 9030: 9018: 9006: 8989: 8977: 8955: 8942: 8925: 8908: 8891: 8879: 8877:, p. 168. 8867: 8848: 8836: 8824: 8812: 8810:, p. 183. 8795: 8791:Rambachan 2006 8780: 8778:, p. 123. 8776:Scheepers 2000 8768: 8756: 8744: 8732: 8720: 8705: 8703:, p. 679. 8693: 8678: 8676:, p. 678. 8663: 8651: 8638: 8622: 8607: 8589: 8564: 8552: 8537: 8522: 8507: 8505:, p. 680. 8495: 8480: 8459: 8447: 8445: 8444: 8437: 8426: 8405:Nirvanashtakam 8396: 8379: 8357: 8345: 8330: 8326:Vivekacūḍāmaṇi 8317: 8302: 8285:"Sankaracarya" 8275: 8242: 8230: 8215: 8198: 8171: 8169:, p. 107. 8159: 8157:, p. 240. 8147: 8138: 8112: 8086: 8064: 8062:, p. 129. 8052: 8045: 8022: 8004: 7987: 7980: 7960: 7953: 7927: 7920: 7891: 7885:978-9004129023 7884: 7859: 7847: 7845:, p. 166. 7835: 7820: 7808: 7796: 7784: 7772: 7760: 7748: 7736: 7724: 7709: 7702: 7682: 7667: 7650: 7638: 7617: 7600: 7594:978-8172242145 7593: 7575: 7569:978-0692124215 7568: 7550: 7541: 7532: 7525: 7505: 7498: 7479: 7464: 7438: 7423: 7419:Nicholson 2010 7411: 7407:Nicholson 2010 7396: 7392:Nicholson 2010 7384: 7382:, p. 177. 7367: 7346: 7334: 7306: 7297: 7293:Nicholson 2010 7282: 7267: 7255: 7253:, p. 691. 7243: 7241:, p. 692. 7231: 7229:, p. 693. 7214: 7202: 7198:Nicholson 2010 7190: 7188:, p. 690. 7178: 7163: 7151: 7139: 7127: 7123:Roodurmun 2002 7115: 7103: 7099:Roodurmun 2002 7091: 7087:Roodurmun 2002 7079: 7077:, p. 128. 7064: 7060:Roodurmun 2002 7052: 7045: 7025: 7021:Roodurmun 2002 7010: 7008:, p. 105. 6998: 6983: 6964: 6947: 6945:, p. 108. 6930: 6926:Isayeva (1993) 6918: 6906: 6894: 6877: 6865: 6861:Isayeva (1993) 6850: 6834: 6817: 6803: 6796: 6773: 6747: 6723: 6706: 6679: 6667: 6650: 6648:, p. 183. 6635: 6618: 6601: 6599:, p. 494. 6586: 6569: 6554: 6552:, p. 163. 6537: 6535:, p. 176. 6518: 6506: 6489: 6474: 6443: 6426: 6422:Rambachan 1991 6409: 6394: 6373: 6358: 6333: 6321: 6319:, p. 383. 6309: 6307:, p. vii. 6297: 6295:, p. 147. 6285: 6273: 6254: 6242: 6217: 6215:, p. 217. 6202: 6198:Roodurmun 2002 6181: 6169: 6167:, p. 128. 6150: 6146:Roodurmun 2002 6135: 6115: 6100: 6077: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6056: 6047: 6022: 6013: 6004: 5946: 5945: 5939: 5933: 5927: 5917: 5914:Sivananda 1993 5911: 5893:Upadesasahasri 5888:Highest self: 5881: 5860: 5831: 5822: 5809: 5797: 5773: 5771: 5770: 5769:(9th century). 5759: 5752: 5745: 5738: 5737:(770–1125 CE), 5728:Michaels (2004 5720: 5711: 5698: 5674: 5664: 5622: 5618:Melpazhur Mana 5605: 5575: 5563: 5548: 5536: 5523: 5506: 5501:Shankaracharya 5492: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5468: 5461: 5449: 5434: 5423: 5405: 5386: 5368:Mookerji (2011 5336:akshara-praptī 5332:Mookerji (2011 5324:Mookerji (2011 5308:Mookerji (2011 5286: 5260: 5256:Shankaracharya 5235: 5223: 5205:, p. 99, 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5089: 5075: 5061: 5047: 5031: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5016: 4979: 4958: 4952: 4946: 4943:Shankaracharya 4938: 4935: 4906: 4903: 4840:Vijnana Bhiksu 4822: 4819: 4804: 4801: 4762: 4757: 4682:Upadesasahasri 4677: 4674: 4647:Vedanta-vakyas 4588: 4582: 4570:Brahman, atman 4510:Upadesasahasri 4466:Upadesasahasri 4460: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4442: 4424: 4416:aham brahmāsmi 4411: 4363: 4358: 4322: 4315: 4266: 4261: 4225: 4222: 4189: 4186: 4149: 4146: 4080: 4074: 4068:Upadesasahasri 4066:Adi Shankara, 4063: 4052: 3977: 3971: 3938: 3935: 3871: 3868: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3710:Sandhya-bhasya 3686:Gayatri-bhasya 3643:Vivekacūḍāmaṇi 3632: 3629: 3587:Upadesasahasri 3497:Isha Upanishad 3493:Kena Upanishad 3453: 3450: 3444:) and poetry ( 3427: 3424: 3405:Madhya Pradesh 3396: 3393: 3379: 3376: 3247:Main article: 3244: 3241: 3185:Ekadandi monks 3156: 3153: 3109: 3106: 3089: 3086: 3032: 3025: 2957: 2954: 2928: 2925: 2871:Śankara Vijaya 2855:Main article: 2852: 2849: 2812: 2805: 2767:Visishtadvaita 2751:Śankara-vijaya 2741: 2738: 2717: 2714: 2633: 2630: 2589: 2586: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2558: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2544: 2534:Vacaspatimisra 2508: 2499: 2496: 2494:(733–746 CE). 2490:, most likely 2480:Sringeri Matha 2476: 2475: 2440: 2437: 2431: 2428: 2371:Vivekacūḍāmaṇi 2364:Upadeśasāhasrī 2343:) and poetry ( 2330:Shankaracharya 2236:Shankaracharya 2196: 2195: 2193: 2192: 2185: 2178: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2159: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2135:Secular ethics 2129: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2089:Pramana Sutras 2085: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2067:Mimamsa Sutras 2064: 2062:Samkhya Sutras 2059: 2053: 2052: 2037: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2007: 2001: 2000: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1970: 1969: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1948: 1947: 1939: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1922: 1921: 1914: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1905: 1894: 1888: 1887: 1886: 1885: 1878: 1872: 1871: 1870: 1869: 1862: 1852: 1851: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1827: 1824: 1823: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1758: 1757: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1737: 1731: 1728: 1727: 1721: 1720: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1698: 1697: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1676: 1675: 1673: 1672: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1636: 1635: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1616: 1613: 1612: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1601: 1599:Vedanta Desika 1596: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1560: 1557: 1556: 1549: 1548: 1546: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1508:Jayanta Bhatta 1505: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1487: 1476: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1458: 1457: 1451: 1450: 1443: 1436: 1429: 1422: 1415: 1408: 1400: 1399: 1393: 1392: 1385: 1378: 1371: 1364: 1357: 1350: 1343: 1336: 1328: 1327: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1301: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1262: 1255: 1241: 1240: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1178: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1162: 1161: 1155: 1154: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1138: 1131: 1124: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1031: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1003:Sengaku Mayeda 1000: 995: 990: 985: 979: 978: 974: 971: 970: 967: 966: 963: 962: 947: 946: 941: 936: 923: 922: 917: 915:Dvāraka Pīṭhaṃ 912: 907: 902: 897: 886: 883: 882: 879: 878: 875: 874: 869: 864: 859: 846: 845: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 802: 801: 795: 792: 791: 788: 787: 784: 783: 778: 773: 768: 753: 752: 750:Matsyendranath 747: 734: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 695: 694: 688: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 636: 633: 632: 629: 628: 625: 624: 613: 612: 601: 600: 595: 584: 583: 572: 571: 566: 555: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 532:Upadesasahasri 523: 522: 511: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 470: 468:Prasthanatrayi 461: 458: 457: 454: 453: 450: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 423: 420: 419: 416: 415: 412: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 370: 367: 366: 363: 362: 359: 358: 353: 340: 339: 334: 329: 324: 319: 314: 309: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 268: 265: 264: 261: 260: 257: 256: 251: 238: 237: 230: 225: 218: 205: 204: 199: 186: 183: 182: 179: 178: 170: 169: 163: 162: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 138: 134: 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 114: 113: 107: 106:Known for 103: 102: 97: 93: 92: 89: 85: 84: 79: 77: 73: 72: 68: 67: 61: 53: 52: 49: 32:Shankaracharya 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14646: 14635: 14632: 14630: 14627: 14625: 14622: 14620: 14617: 14615: 14612: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14552: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14529:Hindu mystics 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14496: 14494: 14479: 14471: 14469: 14465: 14461: 14460: 14457: 14451: 14450: 14446: 14444: 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14406: 14404: 14401: 14399: 14396: 14395: 14393: 14389: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14372: 14369: 14367: 14364: 14362: 14359: 14357: 14354: 14352: 14349: 14347: 14344: 14342: 14339: 14337: 14334: 14332: 14329: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14321:Anthony Kenny 14319: 14317: 14314: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14304: 14303: 14301: 14293: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14246:Mircea Eliade 14244: 14242: 14239: 14238: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14215: 14212: 14210: 14207: 14205: 14202: 14200: 14197: 14195: 14192: 14190: 14187: 14186: 14184: 14178: 14172: 14169: 14167: 14164: 14162: 14159: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14133: 14130: 14129:William James 14127: 14125: 14122: 14120: 14117: 14115: 14112: 14110: 14109:Ernst Haeckel 14107: 14106: 14104: 14098: 14092: 14089: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14069: 14067: 14064: 14062: 14059: 14058: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14041: 14039: 14033: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14021:Immanuel Kant 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13976:Blaise Pascal 13974: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13963: 13961: 13959: 13955: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13941: 13939: 13936: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13914: 13911: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13875: 13873: 13871: 13866: 13862: 13859: 13854: 13847: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13831: 13828: 13826: 13823: 13821: 13818: 13816: 13813: 13811: 13808: 13807: 13805: 13803: 13799: 13793: 13790: 13788: 13785: 13783: 13780: 13778: 13777:Language game 13775: 13773: 13770: 13769: 13767: 13765: 13761: 13755: 13754: 13750: 13748: 13745: 13743: 13740: 13738: 13735: 13733: 13730: 13728: 13725: 13723: 13720: 13718: 13715: 13713: 13710: 13708: 13705: 13703: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13690: 13688: 13685: 13683: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13652: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13605: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13577: 13574: 13572: 13569: 13568: 13567: 13564: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13551: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13485: 13482: 13481: 13479: 13477: 13473: 13463: 13460: 13458: 13455: 13453: 13450: 13448: 13447:Occam's razor 13445: 13443: 13440: 13438: 13435: 13433: 13430: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13408: 13405: 13404: 13402: 13398: 13392: 13389: 13385: 13382: 13380: 13377: 13376: 13375: 13372: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13357: 13355: 13352: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13340: 13337: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13322: 13320: 13317: 13315: 13312: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13299: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13292:Consciousness 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13279: 13277: 13273: 13270: 13268: 13264: 13254: 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13229: 13226: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13214: 13211: 13209: 13206: 13204: 13201: 13200: 13198: 13194: 13188: 13187:Unmoved mover 13185: 13183: 13182:Supreme Being 13180: 13178: 13175: 13173: 13170: 13168: 13165: 13163: 13160: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13150: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13135: 13134: 13131: 13128: 13126: 13122: 13116: 13113: 13111: 13108: 13106: 13103: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13079: 13075: 13074: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13059: 13057: 13053: 13049: 13042: 13037: 13035: 13030: 13028: 13023: 13022: 13019: 13007: 13004: 13002: 12999: 12997: 12994: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12977: 12974: 12972: 12969: 12967: 12964: 12962: 12959: 12957: 12954: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12932: 12929: 12927: 12924: 12922: 12919: 12917: 12914: 12912: 12909: 12907: 12904: 12902: 12899: 12897: 12894: 12892: 12889: 12887: 12884: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12874: 12872: 12869: 12867: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12844: 12842: 12841:Parinama-vada 12839: 12837: 12834: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12819: 12817: 12814: 12812: 12809: 12807: 12804: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12792: 12789: 12787: 12784: 12782: 12779: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12744: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12707: 12704: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12687: 12684: 12682: 12679: 12677: 12674: 12672: 12669: 12667: 12664: 12662: 12659: 12657: 12654: 12652: 12649: 12647: 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12607: 12604: 12602: 12599: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12577: 12574: 12572: 12569: 12567: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12557: 12554: 12553: 12551: 12547: 12541: 12538: 12536: 12533: 12531: 12528: 12526: 12523: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12513: 12511: 12508: 12506: 12503: 12501: 12498: 12496: 12493: 12491: 12488: 12486: 12483: 12481: 12478: 12476: 12473: 12471: 12468: 12466: 12465:Padmasambhāva 12463: 12461: 12458: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12370:Maṇḍana Miśra 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12360:Abhinavagupta 12358: 12356: 12353: 12352: 12350: 12346: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12334: 12333:Yoga Vasistha 12330: 12328: 12327: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12310: 12306: 12302: 12299: 12298: 12297: 12294: 12292: 12291: 12287: 12285: 12284: 12280: 12278: 12275: 12273: 12270: 12268: 12265: 12263: 12260: 12258: 12257: 12253: 12251: 12250: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12236: 12232: 12229: 12227: 12226:All 108 texts 12224: 12223: 12222: 12221: 12217: 12215: 12214: 12210: 12208: 12205: 12203: 12200: 12198: 12197: 12196:Dharmashastra 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12185: 12181: 12179: 12178: 12174: 12172: 12171: 12170:Bhagavad Gita 12167: 12165: 12164: 12160: 12158: 12157: 12153: 12152: 12150: 12146: 12140: 12137: 12135: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12124:Integral yoga 12122: 12121: 12119: 12115: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12093: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12069:Shuddhadvaita 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12041: 12040: 12037: 12036: 12034: 12030: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11995: 11994: 11993: 11989: 11986: 11982: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11973: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11962: 11959: 11957: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11949: 11945: 11939: 11936: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11923: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11888: 11885: 11884: 11882: 11880: 11876: 11873: 11869: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11823: 11820: 11819: 11817: 11813: 11809: 11802: 11797: 11795: 11790: 11788: 11783: 11782: 11779: 11770: 11762: 11757: 11756: 11749: 11743: 11738: 11733: 11729: 11726: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11714: 11711: 11703: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11681: 11671: 11667: 11663: 11659: 11655: 11651: 11646: 11641: 11640: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11620: 11616: 11612: 11608: 11607:Rukmani, T.S. 11604: 11600: 11596: 11589: 11584: 11580: 11575: 11571: 11565: 11561: 11556: 11552: 11548: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11513: 11509: 11505: 11501: 11497: 11493: 11489: 11485: 11480: 11476: 11472: 11468: 11464: 11459: 11455: 11449: 11445: 11440: 11436: 11430: 11426: 11421: 11420: 11409: 11408: 11401: 11399: 11397: 11395: 11386: 11382: 11376: 11374: 11372: 11370: 11368: 11361: 11355: 11349: 11344: 11342: 11334: 11328: 11324: 11319:Web citations 11318: 11317: 11311: 11306: 11302: 11298: 11294: 11290: 11286: 11282: 11278: 11274: 11269: 11265: 11261: 11257: 11253: 11249: 11245: 11240: 11236: 11230: 11226: 11225: 11219: 11216: 11210: 11207:, Routledge, 11206: 11201: 11197: 11192: 11188: 11183: 11179: 11174: 11170: 11164: 11160: 11159: 11153: 11149: 11143: 11139: 11134: 11130: 11125: 11121: 11119:9788120805293 11115: 11111: 11110: 11104: 11100: 11095: 11091: 11086: 11083: 11077: 11073: 11072: 11066: 11062: 11057: 11054: 11048: 11044: 11039: 11035: 11029: 11025: 11020: 11016: 11010: 11006: 11005: 10999: 10996: 10990: 10986: 10981: 10978: 10976:81-208-3061-X 10972: 10968: 10967: 10961: 10957: 10951: 10947: 10946: 10940: 10936: 10930: 10926: 10921: 10918: 10912: 10908: 10904: 10900: 10897: 10891: 10887: 10886: 10881: 10877: 10873: 10868: 10864: 10860: 10855: 10851: 10850: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10830: 10825: 10822: 10816: 10812: 10808: 10804: 10800: 10795: 10791: 10790: 10784: 10781: 10775: 10771: 10766: 10762: 10757: 10753: 10747: 10743: 10738: 10735: 10733:0-7914-0944-9 10729: 10725: 10721: 10716: 10712: 10707: 10703: 10698: 10695: 10689: 10685: 10680: 10676: 10671: 10668: 10662: 10659:, Routledge, 10658: 10653: 10649: 10643: 10640:. Routledge. 10639: 10634: 10632: 10631:9780415202589 10628: 10627:9780415202572 10624: 10619: 10615: 10611: 10606: 10602: 10597: 10595: 10594:9780415202572 10591: 10590:9780415202589 10587: 10582: 10578: 10574: 10569: 10565: 10560: 10556: 10551: 10547: 10541: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10521: 10517: 10512: 10508: 10504: 10503:Inden, Ronald 10500: 10497: 10491: 10488:, Routledge, 10487: 10486: 10481: 10477: 10473: 10467: 10463: 10458: 10454: 10449: 10446: 10440: 10436: 10431: 10428: 10422: 10418: 10413: 10410: 10404: 10400: 10399: 10393: 10389: 10384: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10365: 10359: 10355: 10350: 10349: 10342: 10339: 10337:9780941532525 10333: 10329: 10328: 10322: 10319: 10313: 10309: 10308: 10302: 10298: 10293: 10289: 10284: 10280: 10275: 10271: 10269:81-7625-222-0 10265: 10261: 10260: 10254: 10250: 10245: 10241: 10237: 10232: 10228: 10223: 10219: 10215: 10210: 10207: 10201: 10197: 10192: 10189: 10187:9780791480526 10183: 10179: 10178: 10172: 10168: 10164: 10160: 10156: 10152: 10148: 10143: 10139: 10134: 10130: 10125: 10121: 10115: 10111: 10110: 10104: 10103: 10098: 10097: 10086: 10081: 10074:, dff.nic.in. 10073: 10066: 10060: 10052: 10048: 10044: 10038: 10030: 10024: 10020: 10019: 10011: 10009: 10007: 9999: 9995: 9989: 9982: 9977: 9975: 9973: 9966:, pp. 120–123 9965: 9961: 9957: 9956:Julius Lipner 9952: 9943: 9936: 9932: 9926: 9917: 9915: 9899: 9895: 9888: 9881: 9876: 9869: 9864: 9862: 9854: 9849: 9842: 9837: 9830: 9825: 9818: 9813: 9806: 9801: 9794: 9789: 9782: 9777: 9770: 9765: 9759: 9755: 9752:, pp. 16–17; 9751: 9747: 9742: 9736: 9730:, p. 16. 9729: 9724: 9718:, p. 95. 9717: 9712: 9706:, p. 40. 9705: 9700: 9693: 9688: 9681: 9676: 9669: 9664: 9657: 9652: 9645: 9640: 9633: 9628: 9621: 9616: 9609: 9604: 9597: 9596:Nakamura 1999 9592: 9585: 9584:Nakamura 1999 9580: 9573: 9572:Nakamura 1999 9568: 9561: 9556: 9554: 9546: 9541: 9534: 9530: 9524: 9517: 9511: 9504: 9499: 9493:, p. 60. 9492: 9487: 9480: 9475: 9468: 9463: 9457: 9453: 9450: 9449: 9442: 9440: 9432: 9427: 9420: 9419:Olivelle 2008 9415: 9413: 9406:, p. 57. 9405: 9400: 9398: 9396: 9388: 9383: 9376: 9371: 9364: 9359: 9357: 9350:, p. 80. 9349: 9344: 9342: 9334: 9333:Brereton 1986 9329: 9322: 9317: 9310: 9309:Olivelle 1998 9305: 9298: 9297:Olivelle 2008 9293: 9286: 9281: 9279: 9277: 9275: 9267: 9262: 9260: 9253:, p. 36. 9252: 9247: 9245: 9243: 9235: 9234:Olivelle 2008 9230: 9223: 9222:Brereton 1986 9218: 9216: 9214: 9207:, p. 81. 9206: 9201: 9193: 9187: 9183: 9182: 9174: 9168:, p. 49. 9167: 9162: 9155: 9150: 9144:, p. 14. 9143: 9138: 9129: 9120: 9113: 9108: 9101: 9097: 9091: 9084: 9078: 9076: 9074: 9066: 9061: 9054: 9053: 9046: 9039: 9034: 9027: 9022: 9015: 9010: 9003: 8999: 8993: 8986: 8981: 8974: 8970: 8964: 8962: 8960: 8952: 8946: 8939: 8935: 8929: 8922: 8918: 8912: 8906:, pp. 242–260 8905: 8901: 8895: 8888: 8883: 8876: 8871: 8865:, p. 47. 8864: 8859: 8857: 8855: 8853: 8845: 8840: 8833: 8828: 8822:, p. 46. 8821: 8816: 8809: 8804: 8802: 8800: 8793:, p. 26. 8792: 8787: 8785: 8777: 8772: 8766:, p. 64. 8765: 8760: 8753: 8748: 8741: 8736: 8729: 8724: 8718:, p. XV. 8717: 8712: 8710: 8702: 8701:Nakamura 2004 8697: 8691:, p. 13. 8690: 8685: 8683: 8675: 8674:Nakamura 2004 8670: 8668: 8660: 8655: 8648: 8642: 8636: 8632: 8626: 8618: 8614: 8610: 8608:9780199360079 8604: 8600: 8593: 8587:, p. 42. 8586: 8585:Michaels 2004 8581: 8579: 8577: 8575: 8573: 8571: 8569: 8561: 8556: 8550:, p. 41. 8549: 8548:Michaels 2004 8544: 8542: 8534: 8529: 8527: 8519: 8518:Michaels 2004 8514: 8512: 8504: 8503:Nakamura 2004 8499: 8491: 8487: 8483: 8477: 8473: 8469: 8463: 8457:, p. 99. 8456: 8451: 8442: 8438: 8435: 8431: 8427: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8415: 8413: 8409: 8406: 8400: 8392: 8391: 8383: 8377: 8373: 8369: 8368: 8361: 8355:, p. 13. 8354: 8349: 8343:, p. 23. 8342: 8337: 8335: 8327: 8321: 8314: 8309: 8307: 8290: 8286: 8279: 8260: 8253: 8246: 8239: 8234: 8227: 8222: 8220: 8212: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8195: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8178: 8176: 8168: 8163: 8156: 8151: 8142: 8126: 8122: 8116: 8101: 8097: 8090: 8074: 8068: 8061: 8056: 8048: 8046:90-04-06498-2 8042: 8038: 8037: 8029: 8027: 8018: 8014: 8008: 8001: 7997: 7991: 7983: 7977: 7973: 7972: 7964: 7956: 7950: 7946: 7941: 7940: 7931: 7923: 7917: 7913: 7908: 7907: 7898: 7896: 7887: 7881: 7877: 7876: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7857:, p. 29. 7856: 7851: 7844: 7839: 7833:, p. 52. 7832: 7827: 7825: 7817: 7812: 7806: 7800: 7794: 7788: 7781: 7776: 7769: 7764: 7758:, p. 90. 7757: 7752: 7745: 7740: 7733: 7728: 7721: 7716: 7714: 7705: 7699: 7695: 7694: 7686: 7678: 7671: 7664: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7647: 7642: 7635: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7614: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7596: 7590: 7586: 7579: 7571: 7565: 7561: 7554: 7545: 7536: 7528: 7522: 7518: 7517: 7509: 7501: 7495: 7491: 7490: 7483: 7475: 7468: 7453: 7451: 7450:Sankaravijaya 7442: 7436:, p. 35. 7435: 7430: 7428: 7420: 7415: 7408: 7403: 7401: 7393: 7388: 7381: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7365:, p. 29. 7364: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7344:, p. 55. 7343: 7338: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7311: 7301: 7294: 7289: 7287: 7279: 7274: 7272: 7264: 7259: 7252: 7251:Nakamura 2004 7247: 7240: 7239:Nakamura 2004 7235: 7228: 7227:Nakamura 2004 7223: 7221: 7219: 7211: 7210:Nakamura 2004 7206: 7199: 7194: 7187: 7186:Nakamura 2004 7182: 7175: 7170: 7168: 7160: 7155: 7148: 7143: 7136: 7131: 7125:, p. 37. 7124: 7119: 7113:, p. 56. 7112: 7107: 7101:, p. 35. 7100: 7095: 7089:, p. 34. 7088: 7083: 7076: 7071: 7069: 7062:, p. 32. 7061: 7056: 7048: 7042: 7038: 7037: 7029: 7023:, p. 31. 7022: 7017: 7015: 7007: 7002: 6994: 6987: 6980: 6976: 6975: 6968: 6961: 6957: 6951: 6944: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6928:, p. 85. 6927: 6922: 6915: 6914:Isaeva (1993) 6910: 6903: 6898: 6891: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6875:, p. 20. 6874: 6869: 6862: 6857: 6855: 6847: 6841: 6839: 6830: 6829: 6821: 6815: 6814: 6807: 6799: 6793: 6789: 6788: 6780: 6778: 6761: 6757: 6751: 6735: 6734: 6727: 6720:. p. 89. 6719: 6718: 6710: 6703: 6698: 6696: 6694: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6676: 6671: 6664: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6647: 6642: 6640: 6633:, p. 14. 6632: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6615: 6614:Biderman 1978 6610: 6608: 6606: 6598: 6597:Dasgupta 1997 6593: 6591: 6583: 6578: 6576: 6574: 6566: 6561: 6559: 6551: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6534: 6533:Nakamura 1999 6529: 6527: 6525: 6523: 6515: 6514:Nakamura 2004 6510: 6503: 6498: 6496: 6494: 6486: 6481: 6479: 6471: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6440: 6439:Halbfass 1990 6435: 6433: 6431: 6423: 6418: 6416: 6414: 6406: 6405:Halbfass 1983 6401: 6399: 6391: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6378: 6370: 6365: 6363: 6355: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6330: 6325: 6318: 6313: 6306: 6301: 6294: 6289: 6282: 6277: 6270: 6265: 6263: 6261: 6259: 6252:, p. 89. 6251: 6250:Goodding 2013 6246: 6239: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6214: 6209: 6207: 6199: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6178: 6173: 6166: 6161: 6159: 6157: 6155: 6148:, p. 29. 6147: 6142: 6140: 6132: 6128: 6122: 6120: 6112: 6107: 6105: 6097: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6074: 6069: 6065: 6051: 6044: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6017: 6008: 6001: 5997: 5993: 5990:use the term 5989: 5985: 5984:Deutsch (1973 5981: 5977: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5943: 5940: 5937: 5934: 5931: 5928: 5925: 5921: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5890: 5889: 5885: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5864: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5840:pramana-janya 5835: 5826: 5819: 5813: 5806: 5801: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5777: 5768: 5767:Chola dynasty 5764: 5760: 5757: 5753: 5750: 5746: 5743: 5739: 5736: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5724: 5715: 5708: 5702: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5686: 5685: 5678: 5668: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5640: 5639:Kushan Empire 5636: 5632: 5626: 5619: 5615: 5609: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5579: 5572: 5567: 5560: 5555: 5553: 5545: 5540: 5533: 5527: 5520: 5516: 5510: 5502: 5496: 5486: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5466: 5462: 5460: 5456: 5455: 5450: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5421: 5417: 5416: 5412: 5410: 5402: 5398: 5393: 5391: 5383: 5379: 5378: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5364:81-208-0310-8 5361: 5357: 5353: 5352: 5347: 5346: 5342: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5328:their meaning 5325: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5300:Mookerji 2011 5295: 5293: 5291: 5283: 5279: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5239: 5232: 5227: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5198: 5196: 5191: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5076: 5073: 5067: 5062: 5059: 5048: 5045: 5034: 5023: 5022: 5017: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4964: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4944: 4941: 4940: 4934: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4902: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4865: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4851: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4818: 4816: 4810: 4800: 4798: 4794: 4793: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4761: 4756: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4709: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4673: 4671: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4611:, separating 4610: 4609:parisamkhyana 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4587: 4581: 4576: 4574: 4567: 4561: 4560:verse I.1.4: 4559: 4554: 600 CE 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4530: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4514: 4512: 4511: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4483: 4478: 4474: 4473: 4468: 4467: 4459: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4422: 4418: 4417: 4412: 4409: 4405: 4404: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4383: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4378: 4373: 4369: 4362: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4346:Ātman-Brahman 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4314: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4265: 4260: 4258: 4253: 4247: 4242: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4220: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4200: 4198: 4194: 4185: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4158: 4155: 4145: 4143: 4142: 4135: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4104:Atman-Brahman 4100: 4096: 4095: 4090: 4086: 4078: 4069: 4061: 4050: 4048: 4044: 4043: 4038: 4034: 4033:Atman-Brahman 4030: 4026: 4023:, especially 4022: 4021: 4016: 4015:Atman-Brahman 4012: 4008: 4004: 3999: 3997: 3993: 3992: 3988: 3983: 3975: 3970: 3968: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3948: 3945: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3886:Gupta dynasty 3881: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3862:, especially 3861: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3833: 3827: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3808: 3799: 3790: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3756: 3754: 3749: 3747: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3725:Sānatsujātiya 3722: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3682: 3677: 3676: 3671: 3670: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3644: 3637: 3628: 3626: 3625:Brahma Sutras 3621: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3603: 3598: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3580:Krishna-staka 3577: 3576: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3547: 3546: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3526:Bhasya). His 3525: 3522:(part of his 3521: 3520:Bhagavad Gita 3516: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3466:Brahma Sutras 3463: 3459: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3433: 3421: 3416: 3412: 3410: 3409:Narendra Modi 3406: 3402: 3392: 3389: 3385: 3384:neo-Vedantins 3375: 3373: 3369: 3368: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3218:Badrikashrama 3215: 3212:in the East, 3211: 3208:in the West, 3207: 3196: 3195: 3188: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3168: 3164: 3162: 3152: 3150: 3146: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3132: 3129: 3124: 3123: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3085: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3062: 3060: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3030: 3024: 3022: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2953: 2950: 2949: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2924: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2910: 2908: 2902: 2901:Sankaravijaya 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2864: 2863:hagiographies 2858: 2848: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2822: 2817: 2810: 2804: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2737: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2722: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2704:According to 2702: 2700: 2695: 2691: 2690:Brahma-siddhi 2687: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2668:Brahma-siddhi 2665: 2664:Brahma-siddhi 2661: 2657: 2656:Maṇḍana Miśra 2653: 2652:Mandana-Misra 2646: 2641: 2639: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2581: 2576: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2552: 2551: 2548:Other datings 2541: 800 CE 2535: 2530: 650 CE 2524: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2495: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2442: 2439:Matha datings 2436: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2382: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2360: 2359: 2358:Bhagavad Gita 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2287:Maṇḍana Miśra 2282: 2280: 2276: 2271: 2270: 2264: 2260: 2259: 2255:and teacher ( 2254: 2250: 2249:Vedic scholar 2245: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2191: 2186: 2184: 2179: 2177: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2152: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2127: 2126:Shiva Samhita 2124: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2057:Brahma Sutras 2055: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2024:Bhagavad Gita 2022: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1949: 1944: 1943: 1936: 1935: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1904: 1903:Prashastapada 1900: 1897: 1896: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1884: 1881: 1880: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1842: 1841:Radhakrishnan 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1812: 1811:Anandamayi Ma 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1796:Ramprasad Sen 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1786:Abhinavagupta 1784: 1783: 1781: 1780: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1677: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1640:Shuddhadvaita 1638: 1637: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1561: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1483: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1464: 1463:Integral yoga 1460: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1447:Shiva Advaita 1444: 1442: 1441: 1437: 1435: 1434: 1430: 1428: 1427: 1423: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1414: 1413: 1409: 1407: 1406: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1376: 1372: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1356: 1355: 1354:Shuddhadvaita 1351: 1349: 1348: 1344: 1342: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1334: 1330: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1302: 1298: 1292: 1291: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1268: 1267: 1263: 1261: 1260: 1256: 1254: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1226: 1225: 1221: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1212: 1211: 1207: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1198: 1197: 1193: 1191: 1190: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1147: 1137: 1132: 1130: 1125: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1101: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1033: 1032: 1029: 1028:Arvind Sharma 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 998:Eliot Deutsch 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 980: 976: 975: 969: 968: 961: 958: 957: 956: 955: 954: 953: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 931: 930: 929: 928: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 892: 891: 890: 881: 880: 873: 872:Buddha-nature 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 854: 853: 852: 851: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 810: 809: 808: 807: 800: 797: 796: 790: 789: 782: 781:Vijnanabhiksu 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 763: 762: 761: 760: 759: 751: 748: 746: 743: 742: 741: 740: 739: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 703: 702: 701: 700: 693: 690: 689: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 655:Mandana Misra 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 642: 641: 640: 631: 630: 623: 620: 619: 618: 617: 611: 608: 607: 606: 605: 599: 596: 594: 591: 590: 589: 588: 582: 581:Avadhuta Gita 579: 578: 577: 576: 570: 567: 565: 564:Yoga Vasistha 562: 561: 560: 559: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 529: 528: 527: 521: 518: 517: 516: 515: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 483: 482:Bhagavad Gita 479: 478:Brahma Sutras 475: 471: 469: 466: 465: 464: 456: 455: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 424: 418: 417: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 371: 365: 364: 357: 354: 352: 349: 348: 347: 346: 345: 338: 335: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 302:Satchitananda 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 274: 273: 272: 263: 262: 255: 252: 250: 247: 246: 245: 244: 243: 242:New movements 235: 231: 229: 226: 223: 219: 217: 214: 213: 212: 211: 210: 203: 200: 198: 195: 194: 193: 192: 191: 181: 180: 176: 172: 171: 168: 165: 164: 160: 159: 152: 149: 145: 142: 139: 135: 130: 127: 124: 120: 115: 112: 108: 104: 101: 98: 94: 90: 86: 78: 74: 69: 65: 59: 54: 47: 44: 40: 33: 19: 14499:Adi Shankara 14447: 14266:Martin Lings 14219:Emil Brunner 14209:Paul Tillich 14199:Martin Buber 14114:W K Clifford 14091:Afrikan Spir 14006:Thomas Chubb 13958:Early modern 13938:Adi Shankara 13937: 13851:Philosophers 13835:Natural evil 13751: 13727:Spiritualism 13702:Perennialism 13655:Metaphysical 13499:Antireligion 13374:Teleological 13297:Cosmological 13248:Baháʼí Faith 13213:Christianity 13172:Personal god 12941:Iccha-mrityu 12906:Satkaryavada 12806:Nididhyasana 12791:Matsya Nyaya 12525:Madhvacharya 12355:Adi Shankara 12354: 12348:Philosophers 12331: 12324: 12307: 12288: 12281: 12272:Shiva Sutras 12262:Sangam texts 12254: 12247: 12238:Nyāya Sūtras 12218: 12211: 12194: 12184:Brahma Sutra 12183: 12175: 12168: 12163:Arthashastra 12161: 12154: 12096:Pratyabhijna 11976:Anekantavada 11761:videha-mukti 11753: 11728:Adi Shankara 11653: 11649: 11638: 11618: 11614: 11598: 11594: 11578: 11559: 11534: 11530: 11520: 11512:the original 11491: 11487: 11466: 11462: 11443: 11424: 11406: 11385:the original 11354: 11327: 11309: 11276: 11272: 11247: 11243: 11223: 11204: 11195: 11186: 11177: 11157: 11137: 11128: 11108: 11098: 11089: 11070: 11060: 11042: 11023: 11003: 10984: 10965: 10944: 10924: 10906: 10884: 10862: 10858: 10848: 10837: 10828: 10810: 10807:Mookerji, R. 10798: 10788: 10769: 10741: 10723: 10710: 10701: 10683: 10674: 10656: 10637: 10609: 10600: 10572: 10566:, SUNY Press 10563: 10554: 10535: 10515: 10506: 10484: 10461: 10452: 10434: 10416: 10397: 10387: 10378: 10368:smarta sect. 10367: 10347: 10326: 10306: 10296: 10287: 10278: 10258: 10248: 10239: 10235: 10226: 10217: 10195: 10176: 10150: 10146: 10137: 10128: 10108: 10080: 10059: 10051:the original 10037: 10017: 9988: 9981:Whaling 1979 9951: 9942: 9925: 9902:, retrieved 9897: 9887: 9875: 9848: 9836: 9824: 9812: 9800: 9788: 9776: 9764: 9735: 9723: 9716:Cenkner 1995 9711: 9699: 9687: 9675: 9663: 9651: 9639: 9627: 9615: 9603: 9591: 9579: 9567: 9540: 9523: 9514:Max Muller, 9510: 9498: 9486: 9474: 9462: 9447: 9426: 9382: 9370: 9328: 9316: 9304: 9292: 9287:, p. 8. 9229: 9200: 9180: 9173: 9166:Deutsch 1973 9161: 9149: 9137: 9128: 9119: 9107: 9090: 9060: 9050: 9045: 9033: 9021: 9009: 8992: 8980: 8945: 8928: 8911: 8894: 8882: 8870: 8839: 8827: 8815: 8771: 8759: 8747: 8735: 8723: 8696: 8654: 8641: 8625: 8598: 8592: 8555: 8498: 8471: 8462: 8450: 8425:, pp. 58–59; 8399: 8389: 8382: 8365: 8360: 8348: 8320: 8293:. Retrieved 8278: 8266:. Retrieved 8259:the original 8245: 8233: 8162: 8150: 8141: 8129:. Retrieved 8124: 8115: 8103:. Retrieved 8099: 8089: 8077:. Retrieved 8067: 8055: 8035: 8016: 8007: 7990: 7970: 7963: 7938: 7930: 7905: 7874: 7850: 7838: 7816:Doniger 1999 7811: 7804: 7799: 7792: 7787: 7775: 7763: 7751: 7739: 7727: 7692: 7685: 7676: 7670: 7641: 7584: 7578: 7559: 7553: 7544: 7535: 7515: 7508: 7488: 7482: 7473: 7467: 7455:. Retrieved 7449: 7441: 7414: 7387: 7337: 7321: 7300: 7258: 7246: 7234: 7205: 7193: 7181: 7161:, p. 6. 7154: 7142: 7130: 7118: 7106: 7094: 7082: 7055: 7035: 7028: 7001: 6992: 6986: 6978: 6973: 6967: 6950: 6921: 6909: 6897: 6868: 6845: 6827: 6820: 6812: 6806: 6786: 6764:. Retrieved 6759: 6750: 6738:. Retrieved 6732: 6726: 6716: 6709: 6670: 6509: 6504:, p. 4. 6324: 6312: 6300: 6293:Nowicka 2016 6288: 6276: 6245: 6172: 6075:, p. 1. 6068: 6050: 6042: 6038: 6030: 6025: 6016: 6007: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5988:Menon (2012) 5976:pratyagatman 5975: 5972:Mayeda (1992 5968:pratyagatman 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5948:Hacker (1995 5923: 5920:Deutsch 1973 5906: 5902: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5863: 5839: 5834: 5825: 5812: 5800: 5785:Chinese Chán 5781:McRae (2003) 5776: 5723: 5714: 5706: 5701: 5694: 5689: 5683: 5677: 5667: 5643: 5631:Gupta Empire 5625: 5608: 5601:Isaeva (1993 5578: 5571:Potter (2006 5566: 5539: 5526: 5518: 5514: 5509: 5495: 5485: 5459:Google Books 5452: 5400: 5381: 5375: 5349: 5339: 5335: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5277: 5238: 5230: 5226: 5058:India portal 5019: 4986: 4976:Master Raghu 4972:Murali Mohan 4971: 4968:P. Bhaskaran 4961: 4954: 4948: 4942: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4908: 4889: 4881: 4879: 4867: 4857:via negativa 4855: 4853: 4829: 4824: 4812: 4796: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4764: 4759: 4753:Brahmacharya 4748: 4732: 4726: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4711: 4707: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4685: 4681: 4679: 4669: 4654: 4651:prasamkhyana 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4635:Prasamkhyana 4634: 4633: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4605:prasamkhyana 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4590: 4585: 4578: 4569: 4565: 4563: 4558:Brahma Sutra 4557: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4532: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4516: 4508: 4504: 4501:pratyagatman 4500: 4494: 4490: 4487:tat tvam asi 4486: 4480: 4470: 4464: 4462: 4458:That you are 4457: 4445: 4438: 4435: 4432:Aitareya V.3 4427: 4414: 4407: 4401: 4395: 4387:tat tvam asi 4385: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4365: 4360: 4354:tat tvam asi 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4318: 4310: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4268: 4263: 4256: 4249: 4244: 4227: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4196: 4191: 4181: 4172:in his text 4165: 4161: 4159: 4151: 4139: 4136: 4132: 4128:purusatantra 4127: 4124:codanatantra 4123: 4119: 4115: 4112:svatahsiddha 4111: 4108:svapramanaka 4107: 4103: 4099:epistemology 4092: 4082: 4076: 4053: 4046: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4025:Tat Tvam Asi 4024: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3985: 3981: 3979: 3973: 3964: 3959: 3949: 3944:Advaita-vāda 3943: 3940: 3902: 3883: 3864:Tat Tvam Asi 3863: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3835: 3828: 3816: 3810: 3800: 3791: 3782: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3757: 3750: 3744: 3732: 3728: 3718: 3713: 3709: 3706:Suta-samhita 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3665: 3638: 3634: 3622: 3617: 3607: 3590: 3584: 3579: 3575:Dasha-shloki 3574: 3568: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3549: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3527: 3517: 3474: 3461: 3457: 3455: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3435: 3398: 3395:21st century 3388:Orientalists 3386:and western 3381: 3371: 3365: 3361: 3346:Ishta Devata 3320: 3311: 3304: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3279: 3273: 3261: 3252: 3236: 3232: 3226: 3221: 3189: 3176: 3170: 3166: 3161:renunciation 3158: 3134: 3117: 3091: 3078:Totakacharya 3069: 3063: 3053: 3049: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3018: 2999: 2978: 2969: 2965: 2959: 2930: 2921: 2912: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2870: 2868: 2860: 2845: 2808: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2770: 2766: 2750: 2745: 2743: 2736:-tradition. 2719: 2703: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2648: 2643: 2635: 2597: 2591: 2477: 2462:at 485 BCE, 2458:at 491 BCE, 2433: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2393: 2389: 2379: 2377: 2362: 2356: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2334: 2294: 2290: 2283: 2256: 2204: 2201:Adi Shankara 2200: 2199: 2133: 2106:Arthashastra 2101:Dharmaśāstra 2072:Nyāya Sūtras 2042: 2041: 2016: 1995: 1964: 1940: 1755:Swaminarayan 1620:Madhvacharya 1611:(Tattvavada) 1574:Adi Shankara 1573: 1477: 1461: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1424: 1417: 1412:Pratyabhijna 1410: 1403: 1387: 1380: 1373: 1366: 1359: 1352: 1345: 1338: 1331: 1313: 1296: 1278: 1271: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1222: 1215: 1208: 1201: 1194: 1187: 1040:David Godman 1034:Non-academic 983:Paul Deussen 950: 949: 948: 926: 925: 924: 888: 887: 849: 848: 847: 805: 804: 803: 756: 755: 754: 745:Gorakshanath 737: 736: 735: 699:Contemporary 698: 697: 696: 650:Adi Shankara 649: 638: 637: 615: 614: 603: 602: 586: 585: 574: 573: 558:Advaita-Yoga 557: 556: 536: 526:Adi Shankara 525: 524: 513: 512: 462: 409:Self-enquiry 351:Pratyabhijna 343: 342: 341: 317:Three Bodies 312:Tat Tvam Asi 270: 269: 241: 240: 239: 222:Pratyabhijna 208: 207: 206: 188: 187: 117:Organization 50:Adi Shankara 43: 14599:Ontologists 14286:Antony Flew 14271:Peter Geach 14204:René Guénon 14151:Lev Shestov 14146:Rudolf Otto 13853:of religion 13692:Panentheism 13625:Inclusivism 13544:Exclusivism 13539:Esotericism 13509:Creationism 13489:Agnosticism 13457:Poor design 13452:Omnipotence 13379:Natural law 13354:Ontological 13307:Contingency 13157:Holy Spirit 12986:Vivartavada 12876:Rājamaṇḍala 12831:Paramananda 12631:Apauruṣheyā 12626:Anupalabdhi 12485:Vivekananda 12450:Dharmakirti 12410:Buddhaghosa 12400:Yājñavalkya 12207:Jain Agamas 12202:Hindu texts 12081:Navya-Nyāya 12017:Svatantrika 12012:Sautrāntika 11901:Vaisheshika 11656:(1): 1–42. 11279:(1): 1–42. 10704:, Routledge 10677:, Routledge 10455:. Reinbeck. 10419:, Ashgate, 10242:(1): 98–109 10085:Mayeda 1992 9880:Potter 2008 9868:Mayeda 2006 9853:Mayeda 1992 9841:Mayeda 1992 9829:Mayeda 1992 9817:Mayeda 1992 9805:Mayeda 1992 9793:Mayeda 1992 9781:Mayeda 1992 9769:Potter 2008 9728:Potter 2008 9656:Mayeda 1992 9644:Mayeda 1992 9632:Mayeda 1992 9620:Mayeda 1992 9608:Mayeda 1992 9560:Mayeda 1992 9545:Mayeda 1992 9503:Mayeda 1992 9491:Lipner 2000 9479:Lipner 2000 9467:Mayeda 1992 9431:Mayeda 1992 9404:Lipner 2000 9387:Mayeda 1992 9363:Grimes 1996 9266:Lipner 2000 9154:Mayeda 1992 9142:Mayeda 1992 9112:Mayeda 2006 9065:Isaeva 1993 9026:Isaeva 1993 9014:Isaeva 1993 9004:, pp. 42–44 8975:, pp. 70–71 8887:Comans 2000 8875:Comans 2000 8863:Mayeda 2006 8832:Mayeda 2006 8820:Mayeda 2006 8808:Comans 2000 8764:Sharma 2000 8752:Isaeva 1993 8740:Lipner 2000 8728:Mayeda 1992 8716:Mayeda 1992 8689:Mayeda 2006 8659:Potter 2008 8599:On Hinduism 8533:Koller 2012 8455:Koller 2012 8353:Grimes 2004 8341:Grimes 2004 8313:Hacker 1995 8211:Isaeva 1993 7756:Isaeva 1993 7744:Isaeva 1993 7732:Isaeva 1993 7720:Isaeva 1993 7646:Isaeva 1993 7613:Isaeva 1993 7452:literature" 7363:Hacker 1995 7342:Stoker 2016 7278:Stoker 2016 7174:Potter 2006 7147:Sharma 1997 7135:Potter 2008 6890:Mayeda 2015 6702:Mayeda 2006 6675:Isaeva 1993 6663:Isaeva 1993 6631:Isaeva 1993 6550:Comans 2000 6485:Grimes 2004 6470:Koller 2007 6390:Hacker 1995 6369:Isaeva 1993 6354:Mayeda 2006 6238:Hacker 1995 6096:Isaeva 1993 5956:vijnanatman 5936:Bowker 2000 5930:Koller 2013 5910:knowledge." 5805:Inden (1998 5787:during the 5735:Pala Empire 5693:, pp. 3–4, 5644:pancayatana 5544:Koller 2013 5420:Isaeva 1993 5320:Parabrahman 5219:Mayeda 2015 5215:Comans 2000 5211:Mayeda 2015 5207:Comans 2000 5203:Koller 2013 4905:Differences 4844:Vijnanavada 4666: 1200 4643:brahmajnana 4601:prasamcaksa 4450:Mandukya II 4384:तत्त्वमसि, 4213:Brahmajnana 4166:apta vacana 4162:apta vacana 4120:vastutantra 4089:soteriology 4085:metaphysics 3890:King Harsha 3698:Brahma-gita 3610:Vaishnavism 3276:tradition: 3198:(Sanskrit: 3131:monasticism 3102:Kanchipuram 3098:Uttarakhand 3020:Shastrartha 3010:Brahmasutra 2987:Omkareshwar 2616:Pañcāyatana 2472:Kanchipuram 2269:Pañcāyatana 2253:philosopher 2234:'First 2082:Yoga Sutras 2034:Vachanamrut 1989:Atharvaveda 1942:Major texts 1892:Vaisheshika 1831:Vivekananda 1821:Neo-Vedanta 1715:Chakradhara 1705:Mahanubhava 1630:Vyasatirtha 1455:Neo-Vedanta 1426:Pramanavada 1419:Panchartika 1375:Mahanubhava 1323:Vaishnavite 1297:Sub-schools 1210:Vaisheshika 972:Scholarship 952:Neo-Vedanta 758:Neo-Advaita 604:Neo-Vedanta 249:Neo-Advaita 14604:Pantheists 14493:Categories 14256:J L Mackie 14214:Karl Barth 14011:David Hume 13933:Maimonides 13918:Heraclitus 13707:Polytheism 13677:Nondualism 13665:Humanistic 13650:Naturalism 13640:Monotheism 13598:Henotheism 13593:Gnosticism 13524:Demonology 13407:747 gambit 13324:Experience 13162:Misotheism 12936:Svātantrya 12826:Paramatman 12781:Kshetrajna 12756:Ishvaratva 12696:Cittabhumi 12691:Chidabhasa 12641:Asiddhatva 12561:Abhasavada 12535:Guru Nanak 12470:Vasubandhu 12296:Upanishads 12290:Tirukkuṟaḷ 12249:Panchadasi 12054:Bhedabheda 12002:Madhyamaka 11842:Monotheism 10581:1120551977 9904:28 October 9445:Shankara, 9348:Braue 1984 9251:Black 2012 9205:Braue 1984 8985:Aptavacana 8560:White 2000 8238:Pande 2011 8226:Pande 2011 8194:Pande 2011 8167:Pande 2011 8079:22 January 7843:Rosen 2006 7780:Clark 2006 7768:Clark 2006 7663:Pande 2011 7634:Pande 2011 7434:Pande 2011 6329:Allen 2017 6305:Bader 2001 6281:Clark 2006 6213:Clark 2006 6061:References 5942:Menon 2012 5891:Shankara, 5751:(752–973), 5672:authentic. 5397:King (1995 5377:paramatman 5110:Upanishads 5105:Jnana Yoga 4807:See also: 4670:mahavakyas 4655:mahavakyas 4639:mahavakyas 4625:Upanishads 4493:refers to 4439:is Brahman 4377:Mahāvākyas 4361:Mahāvākyas 4319:Mahāvākyas 4283:Upasamhara 4154:Madhyamika 4097:, that is 4020:Mahāvākyas 3956:Badarayana 3910:Vaisnavism 3859:Mahavakyas 3770:, neither 3690:Uttaragita 3675:Atma bodha 3602:SAT Temple 3591:Prakaranas 3578:, and the 3532:Yogasutras 3513:Gaudapadas 3503:, and the 3298:istadevata 3262:sampradaya 3258:sampradaya 3229:Vidyaranya 3133:, and the 3112:See also: 3070:Atma-bodha 3006:Upanishads 2966:Sivataraka 2948:upanayanam 2927:Early life 2881:Guruvijaya 2775:doxography 2755:Vidyaranya 2684:, and the 2573:See also: 2518: 750 2516: – c. 2514: 700 2505:Max Müller 2460:Jyotirmath 2361:, and the 2306:renunciate 2240:pronounced 2111:Kama Sutra 1997:Upanishads 1625:Jayatirtha 1555:(Mayavada) 1543:Prabhākara 1333:Bhedabheda 1088:Nondualism 1052:Categories 1008:Max Müller 862:Madhyamika 818:Upanishads 793:Influences 680:Vidyaranya 675:Amalananda 547:Atma bodha 503:Panchadasi 442:Jivanmukta 394:Jnana yoga 379:Meditation 297:Mahāvākyas 254:Nondualism 122:Philosophy 109:Expounded 83:c. 700 CE; 14549:Idealists 14356:Loyal Rue 14081:Karl Marx 13903:Gaudapada 13732:Shamanism 13697:Pantheism 13682:Nontheism 13660:Religious 13645:Mysticism 13618:Christian 13608:Religious 13559:Atheistic 13554:Christian 13437:Nonbelief 13422:Free will 13238:Mormonism 13062:Afterlife 12796:Mithyatva 12686:Chaitanya 12681:Catuṣkoṭi 12646:Asatkalpa 12621:Anavastha 12596:Aishvarya 12515:Sakayanya 12510:Sadananda 12475:Gaudapada 12460:Nagarjuna 12415:Patañjali 12231:Principal 12213:Kamasutra 12007:Yogachara 11926:Raseśvara 11525:(Reprint) 11360:Ramanajua 11301:170613052 11256:0378-1143 10907:Upaniṣads 10885:Upaniṣads 10809:(2011) , 10618:248920425 10167:170754201 9894:"Śaṅkara" 9758:218363449 9739:Sanskrit: 8635:254278306 8617:858660095 8490:609421317 8436:, p. 148; 8155:Flood1996 8060:King 2001 8000:644426018 7457:23 August 7111:King 1999 7075:King 2002 6766:20 August 6646:King 1995 6317:Raju 1985 6177:Tola 1989 6165:King 2001 6111:King 2001 5652:Karnataka 5559:King 2002 5304:Svādhyāya 5001:Best Film 4983:G.V. Iyer 4870:Sunyavada 4862:neti neti 4848:Sunyavada 4704:II.1.25) 4597:mahavyaka 4586:Mahāvākya 4482:mahavakya 4436:Prajñānam 4299:Arthavada 3694:Siva-gita 3661:Shringeri 3367:Kartikeya 3350:Kartikeya 3344:, and an 3094:Kedarnath 3054:Sannyasin 3046:Charvakas 3029:Digvijaya 3027:Travels ( 2995:Badrinath 2970:Sannyasin 2876:digvijaya 2857:Digvijaya 2840:Kedarnath 2809:Digvijaya 2771:digvijaya 2699:Sureśvara 2645:evidence. 2602:tradition 2412:Vaishnava 2322:Dashanami 2310:digvijaya 2218:romanized 2121:Tirumurai 1979:Yajurveda 1883:Patanjali 1836:Aurobindo 1801:Bamakhepa 1735:Sankardev 1564:Gaudapada 1238:Heterodox 660:Sureśvara 645:Gaudapada 514:Gaudapada 399:Rāja yoga 384:Svādhyāya 368:Practices 337:Neti neti 292:Ajativada 151:Jagadguru 91:c. 750 CE 14478:Category 14423:Religion 14413:Exegesis 13898:Boethius 13893:Averroes 13888:Avicenna 13870:medieval 13840:Theodicy 13687:Pandeism 13603:Humanism 13571:Thealogy 13514:Dharmism 13484:Acosmism 13476:Theology 13344:Morality 13339:Miracles 13218:Hinduism 13208:Buddhism 13167:Pandeism 13142:Demiurge 13110:Theodicy 12961:Tanmatra 12956:Tajjalan 12946:Syādvāda 12846:Pradhana 12821:Padārtha 12786:Lakshana 12731:Ekagrata 12576:Adrishta 12571:Adarsana 12549:Concepts 12530:Mahavira 12495:Ramanuja 12445:Chanakya 12380:Avatsara 12375:Valluvar 12315:Vedangas 12129:Gandhism 12032:Medieval 11981:Syādvāda 11966:Charvaka 11938:Pāṇiniya 11832:Idealism 11702:LibriVox 11670:23440361 11644:20 vols. 11609:(2003). 11333:Shankara 11293:23440361 11264:41693459 10905:(2008), 10882:(1998), 10482:(2002), 10377:(1978). 10180:, SUNY, 9452:Archived 8470:(2006). 8408:Archived 8289:Archived 8131:24 March 8105:23 March 5858:, p. 249 5791:and the 5660:Harihara 5298:Compare 5125:Vairagya 5030:See also 4993:Sanskrit 4960:In 1977 4898:Bhaskara 4886:Ramanuja 4731:such as 4659:Vivarana 4291:Apurvata 4279:Upakrama 4217:anubhava 4197:anubhava 4188:Anubhava 4182:pramanas 4141:pramanas 4094:pramanas 4077:Pramanas 4064:— 4029:jivatman 4011:jivatman 3982:jivatman 3922:Buddhism 3906:Shaivism 3762:Neither 3723:and the 3614:Shaivism 3569:Harimide 3528:Vivarana 3479:and the 3360:system, 3358:Shanmata 3348:such as 3326:quincunx 3266:Hinduism 3255:Smartism 3214:Sringeri 2991:Varanasi 2962:Sannyasa 2956:Sannyasa 2788:darsanas 2784:darsanas 2726:Ramanuja 2710:Bhaskara 2660:Kumarila 2640:states, 2620:form of 2610:Sant Mat 2606:Smartism 2468:Sringeri 2444:509–477 2390:jivatman 2381:shastras 2326:Shanmata 2295:Advaitic 2273:form of 2209:Sanskrit 2157:Hinduism 2044:Shastras 1984:Samaveda 1919:Valluvar 1690:Nimbarka 1650:Vallabha 1594:Ramanuja 1482:Acharyas 1478:Teachers 1397:Shaivite 1305:Smartist 1266:Buddhism 1252:Charvaka 1175:Orthodox 1151:a series 1149:Part of 977:Academic 867:Yogacara 850:Buddhism 806:Hinduism 634:Teachers 432:Anubhava 266:Concepts 202:Vivarana 100:Hinduism 96:Religion 80:Shankara 71:Personal 14449:more... 14182:postwar 13865:Ancient 13753:more... 13672:New Age 13613:Secular 13583:Fideism 13534:Dualism 13504:Atheism 13494:Animism 13400:Against 13243:Sikhism 13233:Judaism 13228:Jainism 13137:Brahman 13090:Miracle 13006:More... 12976:Upekkhā 12971:Uparati 12951:Taijasa 12926:Śūnyatā 12896:Saṃsāra 12891:Samadhi 12856:Prakṛti 12811:Nirvāṇa 12761:Jivatva 12751:Ikshana 12706:Devatas 12676:Bhumika 12666:Brahman 12656:Avyakta 12601:Akrodha 12581:Advaita 12540:More... 12435:Jaimini 12339:More... 12049:Advaita 12039:Vedanta 11997:Śūnyatā 11956:Ājīvika 11948:Nāstika 11916:Vedanta 11911:Mīmāṃsā 11891:Samkhya 11871:Ancient 11827:Atomism 11822:Atheism 11759:?–820 ( 11691:at the 11551:2104222 11508:1397287 10713:, BRILL 10281:, BRILL 10094:Sources 10000:, p. 39 8295:24 July 8268:24 July 7476:. viii. 6962:, p. 68 6133:, p. 40 6039:brahman 6000:Brahman 5903:Brahman 5876:Bhamati 5874:in the 5656:Kashmir 5025:version 4927:anatman 4923:Nirvana 4919:Brahman 4874:Advaita 4832:Brahman 4775:Brahman 4751:during 4745:Akrodha 4737:Niyamas 4714:Brahman 4698:Brahman 4690:Brahman 4591:In the 4547:Brahman 4539:Brahman 4479:in the 4372:Brahman 4338:Brahman 4287:Abhyasa 4252:Shrutis 4238:Brahman 4209:pramana 4047:samsara 4037:Brahman 3996:Mīmāṃsā 3991:Brahman 3952:Vedānta 3926:Jainism 3898:Mandala 3895:Tantric 3854:Brahman 3837:Brahman 3824:Brahman 3470:Vedanta 3458:Bhasyas 3372:Murugan 3354:Ganesha 3206:Dvārakā 3147:of the 3143:Ṣaṇmata 3059:Ashrama 3015:Mimamsa 2983:Narmada 2851:Sources 2842:, India 2832:Samadhi 2746:darsana 2677:Bhamati 2626:Brahman 2622:worship 2523:Mimamsa 2456:Dvārakā 2424:Brahman 2404:Mīmāṃsā 2399:Brahman 2279:Brahman 2275:worship 2258:acharya 2238:', 2232: 2220:: 2096:Puranas 1974:Rigveda 1912:Secular 1860:Samkhya 1553:Advaita 1533:Jaimini 1523:Mīmāṃsā 1315:Advaita 1273:Jainism 1259:Ājīvika 1224:Vedanta 1217:Mīmāṃsā 1189:Samkhya 1058:Advaita 843:Vedanta 833:Samkhya 823:Mimamsa 622:Dasbodh 282:Brahman 197:Bhāmatī 184:Schools 167:Advaita 14468:Portal 13742:Theism 13635:Monism 13369:Reason 13319:Desire 13314:Degree 13282:Beauty 13196:God in 13152:Egoism 13105:Spirit 12981:Utsaha 12931:Sutram 12921:Sthiti 12916:Sphoṭa 12886:Sakshi 12871:Puruṣa 12851:Prajna 12816:Niyama 12776:Kasaya 12721:Dravya 12711:Dharma 12671:Bhuman 12661:Bhrama 12616:Ananta 12611:Anatta 12606:Aksara 12591:Ahimsa 12566:Abheda 12556:Abhava 12505:Raikva 12425:Kapila 12420:Kanada 12117:Modern 12091:Shaiva 12059:Dvaita 11961:Ajñana 11921:Shaiva 11879:Āstika 11862:Moksha 11815:Topics 11732:Curlie 11668: 11566: 11549: 11506: 11450: 11431: 11299: 11291: 11262: 11254: 11231: 11211: 11165: 11144: 11116: 11078: 11049: 11030: 11011: 10991: 10973: 10952: 10931: 10913: 10892: 10817: 10776: 10748: 10730: 10690: 10663: 10644: 10625: 10616: 10588: 10579: 10542: 10522: 10492: 10468: 10441: 10423: 10405: 10360: 10334: 10314: 10266: 10202: 10184: 10165: 10116: 10025: 9996: 9962: 9933: 9756: 9748: 9531: 9188: 9098: 9000: 8971: 8936: 8919: 8902: 8633: 8615: 8605: 8488: 8478: 8432: 8421: 8374: 8043: 7998: 7978: 7951: 7918: 7882: 7700: 7591: 7566: 7523: 7496: 7328: 7043: 6979:dharma 6958: 6794: 6740:11 May 6129: 5960:sarira 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