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foreign men with the permission of the government and any foreigner who, without the permission referred to above, will marry an
Iranian woman, will be sentenced to one year's imprisonment of up to three years. And the government's important marriages are prohibited. Under Iranian law, Afghan women who marry men in Iran are considered citizens of Iran under Article 976 of the Civil Code and can take Iranian citizenship and their children enjoy the conditions of an Iranian citizen, but if Afghan men marry Iranian women to men Citizenship of Iran does not belong and according to Article 979 of the Civil Code they can only apply for citizenship. Children from foreign marriages with Iranian women up to 18 years of age are considered to be their fathers, and if their fathers lack a degree of residence, they will encounter limitations for people without a degree in Iran. These children can apply for citizenship at the age of 18 years.
709:, half of Iran's foreign investors are Afghans. With a population of 2 million, they have about 10% of the labor market in Iran. Their presence has led to protests by Iranian workers. The Iranian government has also imposed a number of restrictions, including the ban on the use of foreign workers in governmental and non-governmental organizations, and called on all government agencies, non-state actors, companies and contractors to provide their needed labor to Iranian workforce, with numerous penalties, including imprisonment and a fine for the offending employers. However, many employers prefer to hire Afghans due their low wage expectations, lack of insurance requirements, and their high productivity.
600:. Afghans in Iran have moved closer to mainstream Iranian values in this regard; the Iranian influence has even filtered back into Afghanistan. One study in Khorasan has found that while overall fertility rates for Afghan migrant women are somewhat higher than those for Iranian women there—3.9 vs. 3.6—the similarity hides significant age-related differences in fertility, with older Afghan migrant women having a far higher number of children than older Iranian urban women, while younger Afghan migrant women's number of children appears to be approaching the far-lower Iranian urban norm. Contraceptive usage among the same study group was 55%, higher than for local Iranian women.
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2073:, in which the character of the title, a former cycling champion of Afghanistan, gives a demonstration in his town's square whereby he rides his bicycle without stopping for seven days and seven nights, with the aim of raising money for life-saving surgery for his wife. In the end, even after seven days, he continues to pedal endlessly, too fatigued to hear his son's pleas to get off his bicycle. One scholar analyses the film as an
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1494:), in the rest of the provinces, they only have the right to reside in some cities. Fatemeh Ashrafi, the reason for the restrictions on the movement of Afghan refugees in Iran, allowed the Iranian government, in accordance with the 1951 Convention, to protect refugees from limiting the displacement of foreign immigrants in their country based on national interests and security issues.
611:, the children of such marriages are not recognized as Iranian citizens, and it is also more difficult for the men to gain Iranian citizenship than for Afghan women married to Iranian men. As of 2019 this law has changed and Iranian women in mixed marriages can transfer their Iranian nationality to their children, regardless of the nationality of the child's father.
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291:(UNHCR), there are approximately 3 million Afghan citizens in Iran as of January 2023, most of whom were born and raised in Iran during the last four decades. They are under the care and protection of the UNHCR, and are provided time-limited legal status by Iran's Bureau of Aliens and Foreign Immigrant Affairs, without a path to obtain
488:(UNHCR) estimated that there were around 2.8 million Afghans in Iran. Just 10% were housed in refugee camps; most settled in or near urban areas. For their efforts in housing and educating these refugees and illegals, the Iranian government received little financial aid from the international community. With the fall of the
496:. During these years, there were many reports of cases of Afghans being harassed by Iranian law enforcement officers. Legal residents had their identity cards confiscated and exchanged with temporary residency permits of one-month validity, at the expiry of which they were expected to have left Iran and have repatriated.
671:
shot at a vehicle carrying
Afghans, resulting in three deaths. These incidents led to protests in Afghanistan. The Iranian government has also failed to take necessary steps to protect its Afghan population from physical violence linked to rising anti-refugee sentiment in Iran, or to hold those responsible accountable.
1216:
Based on the 2016 census, about 46% were under 20 years old and about 67% were under the 30 years old. Given the 40-year presence history, many of them were born in Iran. The Afghan refugee population were younger than the indigenous population of Iran (31% of
Iranians were under the age 20, and 49%
686:
in the last decade. Iran imposes the death penalty even for minor drug-related offenses, such as possession of only 30 grams of amphetamines. Afghans nationals are completely prohibited in 15 provinces, and partially prohibited in the other 12 provinces. The
Iranian government decided to restrict the
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took place around the same time as the influx of masses of Afghan migrants to other countries, fleeing the plagues of problems in their own country. Iran started recognising those
Afghans listed as migrants workers or refugees as legals. They issued them "blue cards" to denote their status, entitling
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in that country. Violence and racism against them has been steadily increasing in the last two decades. It was reported in May 2020 that up to 50 Afghan migrants who crossed into Iran illegally were beaten and thrown in a river, of which half did not survive, while in another incident
Iranian forces
631:
In 2020, a new policy allowing
Iranian women to pass down their citizenship to their children at birth started to effect. As of mid-November, about 75,000 people had applied for citizenship under the new law, while 120 thousand children were born to Iranian fathers and Afghan mothers and already had
603:
More broadly, the same conservative men who resisted aggressive attempts by communist governments in
Afghanistan to expand women's education and their role in the economy are now faced with the very changes from which they had hoped to shield their families. This shift in family and gender roles was
508:
living in Iran and
Pakistan have returned to Afghanistan. In 2012, around 173,000 of them were forcefully returned. Over 103,086 more were deported in 2013. Many of the deportees complained of torture and other abuses by Iranian authorities. In October 2020 there were 780,000 registered citizens of
752:
Human rights groups have described Tehran’s use of
Afghans and other foreign fighters as a tactic to save Iranian lives and mute domestic criticism of its involvement in a messy and destructive foreign conflict. Some groups said that boys as young as 13 have been induced to fight and that recruits
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According to statistics released in the year 1995, nearly 24,000 marriages of Iranian nationals have been recorded in Iran, and it is anticipated that nearly the same amount of legal marriage has been recorded. According to Article 1060 of the Civil Code of Iran, the marriage of Iranian women to
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reports that many undocumented Afghan children face bureaucratic obstacles that prevent their children from attending school, in violation of international law. Iranian law limits Afghans who have permission as refugees to work to a limited number of dangerous and poorly paid manual labor jobs,
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in Tehran, said the current bias against foreigners is in part rooted in a nationalist hysteria that followed the revolution and the eight-year war between Iran and Iraq. "Iran was at war with Iraq, and Iraq was supported by many foreign nations," he said. "So the Iranian government was very
731:, are recruited from impoverished and vulnerable Afghan migrant communities in Iran, and sent to join a multi-national Shia Muslim militia - in effect a "Foreign Legion" - that Iran has mobilised to support Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. They are drafted into the ( Liwa Fatemiyoun )
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There have been widespread reports of Iranian mistreatment of Afghan migrants and their human rights, and the community is very marginalized. In 2006, about 146,387 undocumented Afghans were deported. Many more continue to experience such events. In 2010, six Afghan prisoners were
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According to the latest figures communicated by the Government of Iran, 800,000 refugees live in Iran, of which 780,000 are Afghans and 20,000 are Iraqis. Additionally, it is estimated that some 2.1 million undocumented Afghans and nearly 600,000 Afghan-passport holders live in
460:
states to save money for marriage and become independent; such work has even come to be seen as a "rite of passage". Such migration intensified in the early 1970s due to famine, and by 1978, there were an estimated several hundred thousand Afghan migrant workers in Iran.
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them to free primary and secondary education, as well as subsidised healthcare and food. However, the government maintained some restrictions on their employment, namely prohibiting them from owning their own businesses or working as street vendors.
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749:’s Golshahr district – situated at the heart of an impoverished area accommodating most of the city’s Afghans – is the place where the refugees, usually young men, sign up on a daily basis to go and fight for Iran in Syria.
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Afghan refugees have come to Iran since the 1980s, including children and adolescents. Many were born in Iran over the last 30 years but were unable to gain citizenship due to Iranian immigration laws. The refugees include
423:
until Durrani's death. During the early 19th century, the Persian army invaded Herat several times but with British assistance the Afghans quickly expelled them. Communities made up of 2,000 and 5,000 households of ethnic
447:
Afghan migrant workers, pilgrims and merchants, who settled in Iran over the years, had by the early 20th century, become large enough to be officially classified as their own ethnic group, referred to variously as
720:(IRGC) has recruited and coerced thousands of undocumented Afghans living in the Islamic Republic to fight in Syria since at least November 2013. The Islamic Republic has urged the Afghan refugees to defend
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The new policy particularly affects the children of Iranian women who have married Afghan men. While Iran's nationality laws predate the 1979 Islamic revolution, Mohsen Kazempour, a co-founder of the
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https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/recruited-by-iran-to-fight-for-syrian-regime-young-afghans-bring-home-cash-and-scars/2018/07/29/ecf9e34c-64e0-11e8-81ca-bb14593acaa6_story.html
468:, which erupted in 1979, was the beginning of a series of major waves of refugee flight from Afghanistan. Those who came to Iran often augmented the ranks of migrant workers already there. The
735:, an all-Afghan unit commanded by Revolutionary Guards officers. Their training is very short - a fortnight of tactical movement and basic weapons handling - all conducted in strict secrecy.
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As neighboring countries with cultural ties, there has been a long history of population movements between Iran and Afghanistan. Southern Afghanistan was contested between the Persian
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According to recent statistics, a total of 5,399 foreign nationals were in Iranian prisons. Of this, 2,240 had been convicted of drug related offenses, 1,323 of theft and 989 of
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Glazebrook, Diana; Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal (2007), "Being Neighbors to Imam Reza: Pilgrimage Practices and Return Intentions of Hazara Afghans Living in Mashhad, Iran",
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Every year large number of Afghans return to Afghanistan from neighboring Iran and Pakistan. Some are deported for overstaying or getting in trouble with the law.
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and others at 24%. According to the deputy director of the General Directorate for Foreign Affairs, approximately 70% of foreign nationals living in Iran are
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1815:, 120,000 Afghans in Iran have health insurance. Over 40,000 of them are enrolled in Iranian schools and universities. Their education in Iran is free.
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stated that 2.5 million Afghans resided in Iran, which includes the registered and illegals as well as those who were admitted to the country with
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of Iranians were under the age of 30). One of the main reason is the high birth rates and the low age of marriage in this population.
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682:. It was reported in 2010 that around 3,000 Afghan prisoners faced the death penalty in Iran. A number of them have been executed by
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Zahedi, Ashraf (2007), "Transnational Marriages, Gendered Citizenship, and the Dilemma of Iranian Women Married to Afghan Men",
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Tober, Diane (2007), "'My Body Is Broken Like My Country': Identity, Nation, and Repatriation among Afghan Refugees in Iran",
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Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal; Glazebrook, Diana; Jamshidiha, Gholamreza; Mahmoudian, Hossein; Sadeghi, Rasoul (April 2008),
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Piran, Parviz (2004), "Effects of Social Interaction between Afghan Refugees and Iranians on Reproductive Health Attitudes",
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Based on the 2016 Iranian census, 845,267 (53%) of the Afghan national population in Iran were men and 738,712 (47%) women.
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Hoodfar, Homa (2008), "The Long Road Home: Adolescent Afghan Refugees in Iran Contemplate 'Return'", in Hart, Jason (ed.),
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Since the 1980s, a number of Iranian movies set in Iran have featured Afghan immigrant characters. One early example is
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In August 2024 Iran ordered all Afghanistani undocumented citzens return to their country before a one year deadline.
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which parallels the exploitation that Afghan refugees suffer from in Iran and from which they are unable to escape.
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Iranian terminology for those killed in Syria is “defenders of the holy shrine”. The Abolfazli mosque in eastern
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Afghanistan residing in Iran. Most of these were born and raised in Iran during the last four decades. In 2015,
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50:
17:
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3369:"Human rights in Iran are still atrocious: While Iran reopens to the West, repression still prevails at home"
444:. The modern day Afghan–Iranian border gradually began to take shape in the second half of the 19th century.
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Residence of Afghan refugees is prohibited in 15 provinces of Iran, except in the other three provinces of
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742:, the Fatemiyoun was recently upgraded from a brigade to a division, which normally numbers over 10,000.
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The red areas here are where Afghan citizens do not have freedom of movement or allowed to reside there.
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sacred sites and offered finacial incentives to encourage them to join pro-Syrian government militias.
589:. One UNHCR paper claims that nearly half the documented refugees are Hazara, a primarily Shi'a group.
525:
has acknowledged that approximately 3 million Afghan citizens still remain in Iran as of January 2023.
3108:"Breaking with some Mideast neighbors, Iran now lets mothers give their citizenship to their children"
3083:"Breaking with some Mideast neighbors, Iran now lets mothers give their citizenship to their children"
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3888:"Fertility and Family Planning Among Immigrant Afghan Women in an Iranian City: A Research Note"
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Siavoshi, Sussan (2022), "Afghans in Iran: the state and the working of immigration policies",
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provinces of Iran, their vassal for some years. The region remained a vassal territory of the
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3068:"Iranian women win citizenship rights for children of mixed marriages - The Washington Post"
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2256:"Iran's Interior Minister - The presence of more than 5 million Afghan immigrants in Iran"
521:. Over 600,000 Afghans living in Iran have returned to Afghanistan in 2022. Afghanistan's
407:. A few years after Nader Shah's death, Durrani and his Afghan army made Nader's grandson
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This article is about citizens of Afghanistan living in Iran. For Pashtuns in Iran, see
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2642:"Afghans demonstrate against Iranian 'ill-treatment' and executions of Afghan refugees"
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Some Afghan men married Iranian women during their residence in Iran; however, under
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3848:(2004), "Families on the Move: the Changing Role of Afghan Refugee Women in Iran",
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480:. Studies on Afghans in Iran came later due to the political situation during the
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Iran Foreign Policy & Government Guide (World Business Law Handbook Library)
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government of Afghanistan in 1992, Iran began efforts to encourage refugees to
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3152:"Protesters take to the streets to condemn killing of Afghan migrants in Iran"
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presence of Afghan citizens in the provinces via provincial executive orders.
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concerned about the penetration of secret agents in the government or army."
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Most of the early academic attention on these new immigrants was focused on
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Although Iranian authorities have made efforts to educate Afghan children,
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induced by the experience of living as refugees in largely Muslim society.
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in the streets of Iran, which sparked angry demonstrations in Afghanistan.
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3414:"Iran Sending Thousands of Afghans to Fight in Syria | Human Rights Watch"
2598:
3396:"Unwelcome Guests: Iran's Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights"
3134:"Afghanistan Investigating Claims Migrants Were Killed by Iranian Guards"
2641:
2532:"UNWELCOME GUESTS: Iran's Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights"
2510:"Afghan nationals responsible for half of Iran's 2022 foreign investment"
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228:
3497:"Afghan refugees in Iran being sent to fight and die for Assad in Syria"
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2553:"No country for minorities: the inequality of state repression in Iran"
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2599:"More than 700K Afghans Returned from Pakistan, Iran in 10 Months: UN"
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272:. The first wave of Afghans crossed into Iran after the start of the
3768:
Adelkhah, Fariba; Olszewska, Zuzanna (2007), "The Iranian Afghans",
3663:"Children Deported From Iran Struggle With Separation From Families"
3540:"Afghanistan situation: Emergency preparedness and response in Iran"
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2361:
28:
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Years of Conflict: Adolescence, Political Violence and Displacement
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Second-generation Afghans in Iran: Integration, Identity and Return
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Moghadas, Ali Asghar; Vaezzade, Sajede; Aghajanian, Akbar (2007),
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Gender Combination of Afghan Refugees in Iranian Provinces (2016)
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3325:"BBC News – Afghans protest against 'refugee executions' in Iran"
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2287:"Iran provides residency permits to one million Afghan refugees"
456:. Young Hazara men have embraced migrant work in Iran and other
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1601:
1523:
779:
771:
411:, ruler of the small remaining Afshar territory comprising the
200:
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Abbas Hajimohammadi; Shaminder Dulai, eds. (6 November 2014).
3612:"Iran to Provide scholarships to Afghan students, Ambassador"
2896:"130,000 Afghan Refugees Deported From Iran So Far This Year"
753:
received brief training and often suffered heavy casualties.
224:
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Photo essay by Samad Ali Moradi of Afghans in Iran (1993–96)
3720:"refugee and returnee chapter response strategy 12 mar 2017"
2667:"Afghan refugees worry as Iran continues forced deportation"
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257:
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3586:"Iranian university to grant more scholarships to Afghans"
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using birth control violates the tenets of their religion
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3436:"Syria war: The Afghans sent by Iran to fight for Assad"
3171:"What does the future hold for Afghan refugees in Iran?"
2994:
2694:
2481:"Iranian university grants scholarships to Afghan girls"
596:; however, in Iran, attitudes are far different, due to
371:, which was re-taken by the Persians in 1650 during the
3463:"Iran covertly recruits Afghan Shias to fight in Syria"
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Rasmussen, Sune Engel; Nader, Zahra (30 June 2016).
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Distribution of Afghans in Provinces of Iran (2016)
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the country's extensive promotion of family planning
3227:"Executions of Afghans reviving resentment of Iran"
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2685:
2080:Other notable films with Afghan characters include
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
18:
Pashtun diaspora § Pashtuns in the Middle East
3307:"Iran: Execution of juvenile scheduled for Monday"
2760:Conflict in Afghanistan: a historical encyclopedia
2624:"Iran daily deports thousands of Afghans to Herat"
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3805:, Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit, UNHCR
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3690:"Migration in Afghanistan A Country Profile 2011"
2966:"727,000 Afghans return in past 10 months: UNFPA"
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319:, half of Iran's foreign investors are Afghans.
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738:According to Amir Toumaj, a researcher with the
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3132:Mashal, Mujib; Timory, Asadullah (2 May 2020).
2588:
2450:"Iran: Afghan Refugees and Migrants Face Abuse"
2390:"Photos: The Life of Afghan Refugees in Tehran"
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2381:
2301:
1818:
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395:, declared it independent. During the reign of
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3289:"Afghans Protest Against Iran Over Executions"
3200:"چند نفر از زندانیان کشور اتباع بیگانه هستند؟"
2634:
2404:
644:Torture, persecution and deprivation of rights
4533:
4231:
4096:
4071:Photos: The Life of Afghan Refugees in Tehran
3198:سال, سایت خبری تحلیلی شعار (12 August 2016).
2940:"جدیدترین آمار تعداد مهاجران افغانی در ایران"
486:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
289:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
4693:Pashtun colonization of northern Afghanistan
3642:International Centre for Theoretical Physics
3131:
2932:
2918:"Over 60,000 refugees return home this year"
2682:, Usa Ibp, Intl Business Pubn., 2006, p. 149
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1827:Statistics on the return of Afghan refugees
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2347:"Refugees and internally displaced persons"
2289:. Ariana Television Network. 2 January 2023
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2242:"آمار مهاجران افغان در ایران ۶ میلیون است"
619:regardless of their education and skills.
528:
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3968:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
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3495:Dehghan, Saeed Kamali (5 November 2015).
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664:United Nations Convention Against Torture
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
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3031:Moghadas, Vaezzade & Aghajanian 2007
3019:Moghadas, Vaezzade & Aghajanian 2007
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3271:"Iran executes seven Afghan immigrants"
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2572:"Iran Forcibly Deports 100,000 Afghans"
2372:"Why are Afghan refugees leaving Iran?"
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268:. They form the largest percent of the
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3245:"3,000 Afghans face execution in Iran"
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2920:. Pajhwok Afghan News. 29 October 2011
2738:. The New American Cyclopaedia, Vol. I
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592:In Afghanistan, some people feel that
295:. There are also about 600,000 Afghan
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3555:
3553:
3393:
3006:
2058:
793:
740:Foundation for Defense of Democracies
523:Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation
285:Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation
4547:
3909:
3751:
2995:Glazebrook & Abbasi-Shavazi 2007
2695:Glazebrook & Abbasi-Shavazi 2007
2569:
2127:
159:Regions with significant populations
51:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
4245:
3197:
3081:Berger, Miriam (26 December 2020).
666:. This makes Afghans vulnerable to
249:
13:
3761:
3712:
3681:
3550:
2708:"AFGHANISTAN x. Political History"
2239:
766:By ethnicity, Afghans in Iran are
712:
14:
4740:
4052:
3638:"ICTP-PWF-IASBS MSc Scholarships"
3394:Sanei, Faraz (20 November 2013).
3169:Motamedi, Maziar (12 June 2022).
2123:
718:Iran's Revolutionary Guards Corps
4348:
4057:
3951:10.1111/j.0361-3666.2004.00259.x
2205:
2191:
2131:
256:who are temporarily residing in
27:
3912:Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah
3745:
3733:
3655:
3630:
3604:
3578:
3532:
3521:
3488:
3454:
3428:
3406:
3387:
3361:
3335:
3317:
3299:
3281:
3263:
3162:
3144:
3125:
3100:
3060:
3048:
3036:
3024:
3012:
3000:
2988:
2976:
2958:
2910:
2888:
2876:
2817:
2784:
2700:
2673:
2659:
2563:
2545:
2524:
1469:
727:The men, who are mainly ethnic
662:Iran is not a signatory to the
623:Marriage with indigenous people
499:
356:depicting the surrender of the
334:Political history and migration
38:needs additional citations for
2512:. Iran Press. 15 December 2022
2248:
2233:
1:
3981:10.1080/13530194.2022.2113504
3740:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2883:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2856:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2839:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2824:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2812:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2792:"Kingdoms of Persia – Persia"
2226:
756:
148:
3293:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
2601:. TOLOnews. 16 December 2022
2570:Tang, Alisa (15 June 2007),
2417:"Overview of Iran operation"
1819:Repatriation and deportation
762:Ethnicity and religious sect
587:ethnic groups of Afghanistan
7:
3225:Chris Sands (17 May 2010).
2184:
2167:, former candidate for the
1221:Population by age category
484:. By 1992, a report by the
478:Afghan refugees in Pakistan
315:, and others. According to
10:
4745:
4729:Afghanistan–Iran relations
4714:Afghan expatriates in Iran
2983:Abbasi-Shavazi et al. 2008
2374:. Al-Jazeera. 17 May 2016.
2221:Afghanistan–Iran relations
1798:
1714:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
870:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
694:
690:
647:
542:
532:
340:Afghanistan–Iran relations
337:
15:
4675:
4644:
4581:
4555:
4494:
4461:
4418:
4365:
4343:
4253:
4200:Human trafficking in Iran
4195:Ethnic minorities in Iran
4182:
4121:
4038:10.1080/00210860701269568
4010:10.1080/00210860701269584
3831:10.1080/00210860701269535
3782:10.1080/00210860701269519
1751:
1746:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1156:
1153:
1148:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
440:ended hostilities of the
387:of India until 1709 when
223:
218:
195:
190:
163:
158:
147:
142:
135:
4724:Pashtun diaspora in Asia
3862:10.1163/1569208041514707
3688:Isabel Mehlmann (2011).
3140:– via NYTimes.com.
2757:Clements, Frank (2003).
1618:Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari
1128:Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari
213:languages of Afghanistan
169:Khorasan Razavi province
4719:Afghan diaspora in Asia
4205:Iranian citizens abroad
4064:Afghan diaspora in Iran
2898:. TOLOnews. 22 May 2017
2763:. ABC-CLIO. p. 8.
1881:Voluntary repatriation
637:Datikan Legal Institute
609:Iranian nationality law
529:Social and legal issues
511:Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli
504:Since 2002 millions of
311:, regular or irregular
254:citizens of Afghanistan
3343:"Afghanistanvotes.com"
1532:Sistan and Baluchestan
1211:
999:Sistan and Baluchestan
701:economy of Afghanistan
659:
565:
535:Culture of Afghanistan
376:
250:افغانستانیها در ایران
137:افغانستانیها در ایران
4066:at Wikimedia Commons
3572:Census Bureau of Iran
3565:"1395 Iranian Census"
1799:Further information:
822:Population by gender
816:Population by gender
810:Population by gender
695:Further information:
657:
552:
545:Anti-Afghan sentiment
533:Further information:
403:was made Governor of
347:
338:Further information:
4330:United Arab Emirates
4190:Demographics of Iran
3910:Moin, Baqer (1999),
3727:humanitarianresponse
3694:maastrichtuniversity
2630:on 10 December 2013.
2349:. The World Factbook
1795:Health and education
650:Human rights in Iran
558:Naqsh-e Jahan Square
470:new Islamic Republic
47:improve this article
3942:2004Disas..28..283P
3616:Bakhtar News Agency
3349:on 9 September 2011
3313:on 3 November 2012.
3249:Pajhwok Afghan News
3033:, Contraceptive Use
2972:. 15 December 2022.
2970:Pajhwok Afghan News
1931:Forced deportation
1828:
1499:
1222:
803:
405:Mazandaran Province
325:executed by hanging
293:permanent residency
132:
4688:Overseas Pakistani
4356:Afghanistan portal
3872:, Berghahn Books,
3546:. 23 January 2022.
3400:Human Rights Watch
3138:The New York Times
2946:(in Persian). Iran
2885:, pp. 141–142
2796:historyfiles.co.uk
2539:Human Rights Watch
2456:. 20 November 2013
2454:Human Rights Watch
2318:"Refugees in Iran"
2199:Afghanistan portal
2179:Fereshteh Hosseini
2169:presidency of Iran
2143:. You can help by
2059:In popular culture
1826:
1540:Western Azerbaijan
1497:
1220:
883:Western Azerbaijan
801:
794:Gender composition
733:Fatemiyoun Brigade
707:Hassan Kazemi Qomi
660:
616:Human Rights Watch
566:
436:in Iran. The 1857
401:Ahmad Shah Durrani
377:
373:Mughal-Safavid war
317:Hassan Kazemi Qomi
309:exchanged students
130:
4701:
4700:
4515:
4514:
4213:
4212:
4062:Media related to
3921:978-1-85043-128-2
3879:978-1-84545-528-6
3669:. 4 December 2022
3416:. 29 January 2016
3021:, Fertility Level
2712:iranicaonline.org
2174:Setayesh Qorayshi
2161:
2160:
2097:A Taste of Cherry
2087:The White Balloon
2065:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
2056:
2055:
1805:Education in Iran
1792:
1791:
1662:southern Khorasan
1467:
1466:
1209:
1208:
1163:southern Khorasan
466:Soviet–Afghan War
442:Anglo-Persian War
399:, the brother of
391:, founder of the
274:Soviet–Afghan War
239:
238:
123:
122:
115:
97:
62:"Afghans in Iran"
4736:
4549:Pashtun diaspora
4542:
4535:
4528:
4519:
4518:
4502:Pashtun diaspora
4358:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4217:
4216:
4116:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4061:
4048:
4020:
3992:
3983:
3962:
3953:
3924:
3914:, I. B. Tauris,
3906:
3882:
3864:
3841:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3804:
3792:
3755:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3724:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3696:. Archived from
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:. 20 August 2021
3608:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3592:. 23 August 2021
3582:
3576:
3575:
3569:
3561:
3548:
3547:
3536:
3530:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3345:. Archived from
3339:
3333:
3332:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3309:. Archived from
3303:
3297:
3296:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2842:
2836:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2800:
2799:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2726:Friedrich Engels
2722:
2716:
2715:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2669:. 8 August 2024.
2663:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2626:. Archived from
2620:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2595:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2536:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2477:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2446:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2413:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2385:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2343:
2334:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2314:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2283:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2237:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2165:Jalaleddin Farsi
2156:
2153:
2135:
2128:
2092:Abbas Kiarostami
1829:
1825:
1500:
1496:
1223:
1219:
804:
800:
515:Afghan passports
251:
177:Isfahan province
153:
152: 6 million
150:
143:Total population
133:
129:
118:
111:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
31:
23:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4683:Afghan diaspora
4671:
4640:
4604:Madhya Pradhesh
4577:
4551:
4546:
4516:
4511:
4507:Hazara diaspora
4490:
4457:
4414:
4361:
4354:
4349:
4347:
4341:
4249:
4247:Afghan diaspora
4244:
4214:
4209:
4178:
4117:
4112:
4111:Immigration to
4109:
4055:
4026:Iranian Studies
3998:Iranian Studies
3922:
3892:Sociation Today
3880:
3819:Iranian Studies
3808:
3806:
3802:
3770:Iranian Studies
3764:
3762:Further reading
3759:
3758:
3750:
3746:
3738:
3734:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3703:
3701:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3646:
3644:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3595:
3593:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3567:
3563:
3562:
3551:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3493:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3442:. 15 April 2016
3434:
3433:
3429:
3419:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3376:
3375:. 24 March 2016
3367:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3251:. 13 March 2010
3243:
3242:
3238:
3223:
3219:
3209:
3207:
3196:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3167:
3163:
3158:. 12 June 2020.
3150:
3149:
3145:
3130:
3126:
3116:
3114:
3112:Washington Post
3106:
3105:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3087:Washington Post
3079:
3075:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3005:
3001:
2993:
2989:
2981:
2977:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2862:
2854:
2845:
2837:
2830:
2822:
2818:
2810:
2803:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2723:
2719:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2651:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2622:
2621:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2580:
2578:
2576:Washington Post
2568:
2564:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2436:
2426:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2362:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2211:
2206:
2204:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2141:needs expansion
2126:
2061:
1821:
1807:
1797:
1784:East Azarbaijan
1550:Khorasan Razavi
1472:
1214:
1187:Khorasan Razavi
848:East Azarbaijan
796:
764:
759:
715:
713:Used as proxies
703:
697:Economy of Iran
693:
652:
646:
625:
554:Afghan citizens
547:
541:
539:culture of Iran
531:
506:Afghan citizens
502:
438:Treaty of Paris
428:were formed in
409:Shahrokh Afshar
381:Safavid dynasty
367:in 1638 to the
342:
336:
313:migrant workers
270:Afghan diaspora
242:Afghans in Iran
181:Kerman province
165:Tehran province
151:
138:
131:Afghans in Iran
128:
119:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
44:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
4742:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4662:United Kingdom
4659:
4654:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4587:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4552:
4545:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4522:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4438:
4428:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4403:United Kingdom
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4220:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4186:
4184:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4054:
4053:External links
4051:
4050:
4049:
4032:(2): 225–239,
4021:
4004:(2): 263–285,
3993:
3963:
3936:(3): 283–293,
3925:
3920:
3907:
3883:
3878:
3865:
3856:(2): 141–171,
3842:
3825:(2): 187–201,
3814:
3793:
3776:(2): 137–165,
3763:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3744:
3732:
3711:
3700:on 5 July 2017
3680:
3654:
3629:
3603:
3577:
3549:
3531:
3520:
3487:
3453:
3427:
3405:
3386:
3360:
3334:
3331:. 13 May 2010.
3316:
3298:
3295:. 13 May 2010.
3280:
3262:
3236:
3231:thenational.ae
3217:
3187:
3161:
3143:
3124:
3099:
3073:
3059:
3047:
3035:
3023:
3011:
2999:
2987:
2975:
2957:
2931:
2909:
2887:
2875:
2860:
2843:
2828:
2816:
2801:
2783:
2769:
2749:
2717:
2699:
2684:
2672:
2658:
2633:
2612:
2587:
2562:
2544:
2523:
2498:
2467:
2434:
2403:
2377:
2360:
2335:
2300:
2273:
2262:. 13 July 2023
2247:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2202:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2159:
2158:
2138:
2136:
2125:
2124:Notable people
2122:
2067:'s 1988 movie
2060:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1820:
1817:
1801:Health in Iran
1796:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1745:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1592:North Khorasan
1589:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
990:
984:
983:
980:
977:
972:
969:
966:
961:
958:
955:
949:
948:
945:
942:
937:
934:
931:
926:
923:
920:
914:
913:
910:
907:
902:
899:
896:
891:
888:
885:
879:
878:
875:
872:
867:
864:
861:
859:North Khorasan
856:
853:
850:
844:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
824:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
795:
792:
763:
760:
758:
755:
714:
711:
692:
689:
645:
642:
624:
621:
564:, Iran. (2007)
530:
527:
501:
498:
393:Hotaki dynasty
389:Mir Wais Hotak
335:
332:
266:asylum seekers
237:
236:
221:
220:
216:
215:
193:
192:
188:
187:
161:
160:
156:
155:
145:
144:
140:
139:
136:
126:
121:
120:
35:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4741:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4674:
4668:
4667:United States
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4643:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4624:Uttar Pradesh
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4543:
4538:
4536:
4531:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4441:United States
4439:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4357:
4346:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4241:
4236:
4234:
4229:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3908:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3884:
3881:
3875:
3871:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3846:Hoodfar, Homa
3843:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3815:
3801:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3766:
3765:
3754:, p. 233
3753:
3748:
3742:, p. 137
3741:
3736:
3728:
3721:
3715:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3684:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3573:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3524:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3491:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3457:
3441:
3437:
3431:
3415:
3409:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3374:
3373:The Economist
3370:
3364:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3312:
3308:
3302:
3294:
3290:
3284:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3232:
3228:
3221:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3192:
3176:
3172:
3165:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3139:
3135:
3128:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3069:
3063:
3057:, p. 225
3056:
3051:
3045:, p. 141
3044:
3039:
3032:
3027:
3020:
3015:
3009:, p. 283
3008:
3003:
2997:, p. 187
2996:
2991:
2984:
2979:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2919:
2913:
2897:
2891:
2884:
2879:
2873:, p. 165
2872:
2867:
2865:
2858:, p. 138
2857:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2841:, p. 141
2840:
2835:
2833:
2826:, p. 140
2825:
2820:
2814:, p. 139
2813:
2808:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2772:
2770:1-85109-402-4
2766:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2730:"Afghanistan"
2727:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2697:, p. 189
2696:
2691:
2689:
2681:
2676:
2668:
2662:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2625:
2619:
2617:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2577:
2573:
2566:
2558:
2557:openDemocracy
2554:
2548:
2540:
2533:
2527:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2487:. 1 June 2021
2486:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2391:
2384:
2382:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2332:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2243:
2236:
2232:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2203:
2200:
2189:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2146:
2142:
2139:This section
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2113:
2112:Bahram Bayzai
2109:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1809:According to
1806:
1802:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1224:
1218:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
989:
986:
985:
981:
978:
976:
973:
970:
967:
965:
962:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
941:
938:
935:
932:
930:
927:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
911:
908:
906:
903:
900:
897:
895:
892:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
876:
873:
871:
868:
865:
862:
860:
857:
854:
851:
849:
846:
845:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
805:
799:
791:
789:
788:Sunni Muslims
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
754:
750:
748:
743:
741:
736:
734:
730:
725:
723:
719:
710:
708:
705:According to
702:
698:
688:
685:
681:
677:
672:
669:
665:
656:
651:
641:
638:
633:
632:citizenship.
629:
620:
617:
612:
610:
605:
601:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
540:
536:
526:
524:
520:
519:Iranian visas
516:
512:
507:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:Iran–Iraq War
479:
474:
471:
467:
462:
459:
455:
451:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
421:Afghan Empire
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
374:
370:
366:
362:
359:
355:
351:
346:
341:
331:
328:
326:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
279:According to
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
247:
243:
234:
230:
226:
222:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
186:
185:Fars province
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
146:
141:
134:
125:
117:
114:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
4320:Turkmenistan
4277:
4128:
4056:
4029:
4025:
4001:
3997:
3971:
3967:
3933:
3929:
3911:
3895:
3891:
3869:
3853:
3849:
3822:
3818:
3807:, retrieved
3798:
3773:
3769:
3747:
3735:
3729:. p. 9.
3726:
3714:
3702:. Retrieved
3698:the original
3693:
3683:
3671:. Retrieved
3666:
3657:
3645:. Retrieved
3641:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3615:
3606:
3594:. Retrieved
3590:Tehran Times
3589:
3580:
3571:
3543:
3534:
3523:
3513:25 September
3511:. Retrieved
3500:
3490:
3480:25 September
3478:. Retrieved
3467:The Guardian
3466:
3456:
3446:25 September
3444:. Retrieved
3439:
3430:
3420:25 September
3418:. Retrieved
3408:
3399:
3389:
3377:. Retrieved
3372:
3363:
3351:. Retrieved
3347:the original
3337:
3328:
3319:
3311:the original
3301:
3292:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3248:
3239:
3230:
3220:
3208:. Retrieved
3206:(in Persian)
3203:
3178:. Retrieved
3174:
3164:
3156:Salaam Times
3155:
3146:
3137:
3127:
3115:. Retrieved
3111:
3102:
3092:20 September
3090:. Retrieved
3086:
3076:
3062:
3050:
3043:Hoodfar 2004
3038:
3026:
3014:
3002:
2990:
2985:, p. 14
2978:
2969:
2960:
2948:. Retrieved
2944:afkarnews.ir
2943:
2934:
2922:. Retrieved
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2890:
2878:
2871:Hoodfar 2008
2819:
2795:
2786:
2774:. Retrieved
2759:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2735:Andy Blunden
2733:
2720:
2711:
2702:
2679:
2675:
2661:
2650:, retrieved
2648:, 6 May 2010
2645:
2636:
2628:the original
2603:. Retrieved
2579:, retrieved
2575:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2538:
2526:
2514:. Retrieved
2489:. Retrieved
2485:Tehran Times
2484:
2458:. Retrieved
2453:
2425:. Retrieved
2420:
2394:. Retrieved
2351:. Retrieved
2329:
2322:. Retrieved
2291:. Retrieved
2266:17 September
2264:. Retrieved
2259:
2250:
2235:
2149:
2145:adding to it
2140:
2115:
2105:
2102:Majid Majidi
2095:
2085:
2082:Jafar Panahi
2079:
2068:
2062:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1822:
1812:Tehran Times
1810:
1808:
1473:
1470:Distribution
1215:
797:
784:Shia Muslims
774:at 36%, and
765:
751:
744:
737:
726:
716:
704:
673:
661:
636:
634:
630:
626:
613:
606:
602:
591:
585:, and other
567:
503:
500:21st century
475:
463:
458:Persian Gulf
453:
449:
446:
430:Torbat-e Jam
378:
363:garrison of
329:
321:
278:
241:
240:
211:, and other
173:Qom province
127:Ethnic group
124:
109:
103:October 2021
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
4486:New Zealand
4383:Netherlands
3647:18 December
3622:18 December
3596:18 December
3180:16 December
3117:26 December
3055:Zahedi 2007
2924:12 November
2902:16 December
2776:22 February
2652:3 September
2581:3 September
2516:16 December
2491:18 December
2427:16 December
2260:www.isna.ir
2213:Iran portal
2070:The Cyclist
1518:Population
1512:Population
1506:Population
1492:district 13
1235:Population
1229:Population
354:Padshahnama
281:Afghanistan
199:(Persian),
4708:Categories
4620:Tamil Nadu
4315:Tajikistan
4169:Pakistanis
4122:By country
3673:4 December
3175:Al Jazeera
3007:Piran 2004
2396:7 November
2392:. Newsweek
2227:References
1688:Mazandaran
1644:Kermanshah
1232:Age Group
1226:Age Group
1198:Kermanshah
1010:Mazandaran
757:Demography
648:See also:
543:See also:
494:repatriate
490:Najibullah
397:Nader Shah
276:in 1979.
154:(estimate)
73:newspapers
4657:Sri Lanka
4652:Australia
4645:Elsewhere
4629:Putliwale
4469:Australia
4310:Sri Lanka
4046:154057579
4018:161576073
3990:251851337
3930:Disasters
3904:1542-6300
3839:162335732
3790:159791018
3752:Moin 1999
3508:0261-3077
3475:0261-3077
3353:8 October
3329:bbc.co.uk
3210:1 January
2742:25 August
2605:3 January
2324:3 January
2293:3 January
1748:Kurdistan
1636:Khuzestan
1558:Hormozgan
1515:Province
1509:Province
1503:Province
1139:Kurdistan
1080:Hormozgan
894:Khuzestan
819:Province
813:Province
807:Province
579:Qizilbash
350:miniature
305:merchants
301:travelers
191:Languages
4676:See also
4556:Pakistan
4495:See also
4419:Americas
4283:Pakistan
4183:See also
4164:Russians
4149:Lebanese
3974:: 1–15,
3960:15344942
3667:TOLOnews
3440:BBC News
3379:26 March
3275:rawa.org
3255:4 August
2950:10 March
2728:(1857).
2646:BBC News
2353:4 August
2240:تابناک.
2185:See also
2152:May 2010
2117:Sagkoshi
2114:'s 2001
2104:'s 2000
2094:'s 1997
2084:'s 1996
2075:allegory
1976:194,764
1973:227,601
1970:218,565
1967:220,846
1964:250,731
1961:211,023
1958:286,662
1955:322,008
1952:406,524
1949:363,369
1946:146,387
1926:248,764
1923:316,415
1920:286,226
1917:217,483
1914:279,012
1899:155,721
1896:238,384
1893:225,815
1887:124,615
1884:117,364
1632:109,247
1610:Golestan
1606:125,411
1580:183,124
1566:Lorestan
1554:219,442
1528:515,567
1486:(except
975:Lorestan
905:Golestan
786:and 30%
776:Pashtuns
770:at 40%,
583:Pashtuns
417:Kohistan
413:Khorasan
383:and the
365:Kandahar
297:tourists
287:and the
262:refugees
219:Religion
4634:Rohilla
4599:Kashmir
4594:Gujarat
4563:Kashmir
4474:Pashtun
4462:Oceania
4451:Pashtun
4435:Pashtun
4408:Pashtun
4398:Ukraine
4378:Germany
4373:Finland
4293:Turkmen
4271:Pashtun
4159:Koreans
4154:Kazakhs
4139:Indians
4134:Chinese
4129:Afghans
3938:Bibcode
3704:29 July
3574:. 2016.
2541:. 2013.
2320:. UNHCR
2051:443,763
2046:544,016
2041:504,791
2036:438,329
2031:529,743
2017:481,297
2012:519,090
2007:384,771
2002:321,660
1997:154,377
1992:178,512
1987:159,724
1943:95,845
1940:79,410
1937:53,897
1934:42,360
1902:74,773
1890:74,967
1780:29,257
1776:Markazi
1766:Hamedan
1762:29,691
1758:Bushehr
1736:35,409
1710:51,743
1696:Ardebil
1684:84,321
1658:96,367
1614:18,273
1588:18,401
1576:Isfahan
1562:24,195
1536:26,846
1451:105455
1425:121431
1399:162075
1373:180001
1347:173080
1321:183755
1295:191387
1269:175328
1252:Female
1243:Female
1194:108046
1191:111396
1115:Hamedan
1100:240787
1097:274780
1058:Bushehr
1045:Markazi
953:Isfahan
918:Ardebil
842:Female
836:Female
830:Female
768:Hazaras
747:Mashhad
729:Hazaras
691:Economy
684:hanging
680:assault
676:battery
668:torture
571:Hazaras
562:Esfahan
454:Barbari
450:Khavari
434:Bakharz
426:Hazaras
385:Moghuls
369:Mughals
361:Safavid
358:Persian
246:Persian
209:Turkmen
87:scholar
4614:Sorgar
4609:Punjab
4568:Punjab
4479:Hazara
4446:Baloch
4431:Canada
4426:Brazil
4393:Sweden
4388:Russia
4366:Europe
4335:Baloch
4325:Turkey
4298:Uzbeks
4288:Tajiks
4266:Baloch
4144:Iraqis
4044:
4016:
3988:
3958:
3918:
3902:
3876:
3837:
3809:17 May
3788:
3506:
3473:
2767:
2460:15 May
2423:. 2022
2110:, and
1732:Semnan
1718:1,503
1692:2,623
1680:Alborz
1670:Zanjan
1666:5,045
1640:6,290
1602:Kerman
1584:Qazvin
1524:Tehran
1488:Khojir
1484:Tehran
1480:Alborz
1463:11837
1448:48545
1445:56910
1442:35–39
1437:10415
1428:70–74
1422:55252
1419:66179
1416:30–34
1411:15062
1402:65–69
1396:76279
1393:85796
1390:25–29
1385:26133
1379:16387
1376:60–64
1370:86973
1367:93028
1364:20–24
1359:34708
1356:14036
1353:20672
1350:55–59
1344:83179
1341:89901
1338:15–19
1333:52803
1330:22329
1327:30474
1324:50–54
1318:88976
1315:94779
1312:10–14
1307:62866
1304:27983
1301:34883
1298:45–49
1292:93099
1289:98288
1281:77643
1278:33566
1275:44077
1272:40–44
1266:85204
1263:90124
1255:Total
1246:Total
1181:55505
1178:69906
1174:Kerman
1157:23457
1154:28286
1111:47608
1108:48759
1093:Tehran
1084:14301
1069:Qazvin
1065:10305
1062:19386
1052:13967
1049:15290
1041:48049
1038:61198
1006:12683
1003:14163
995:38773
992:45548
988:Alborz
971:16874
968:18535
964:Semnan
960:88351
957:94773
929:Zanjan
780:Uzbeks
772:Tajiks
575:Tajiks
252:) are
201:Pashto
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
4590:Bihar
4583:India
4573:Sindh
4305:Qatar
4261:India
4174:Poles
4042:S2CID
4014:S2CID
3986:S2CID
3898:(1),
3850:Hawwa
3835:S2CID
3803:(PDF)
3786:S2CID
3723:(PDF)
3568:(XLS)
3544:UNHCR
2535:(PDF)
2421:UNHCR
2331:Iran.
2107:Baran
1982:Total
1876:2016
1873:2015
1870:2014
1867:2013
1864:2012
1861:2011
1858:2010
1855:2009
1852:2008
1849:2007
1846:2006
1843:2005
1840:2004
1837:2003
1834:2002
1740:Gilan
1460:4093
1457:7744
1434:3826
1431:6589
1408:5626
1405:9436
1382:9746
1170:2426
1167:2619
1087:9894
1076:8809
1073:9592
1014:1818
940:Gilan
912:8671
909:9602
901:2619
898:3671
352:from
229:Sunni
225:Islam
205:Uzbek
94:JSTOR
80:books
4278:Iran
4254:Asia
4114:Iran
3956:PMID
3916:ISBN
3900:ISSN
3874:ISBN
3811:2010
3706:2018
3675:2022
3649:2022
3624:2022
3598:2022
3515:2024
3504:ISSN
3482:2024
3471:ISSN
3448:2024
3422:2024
3381:2016
3355:2012
3257:2021
3212:2019
3182:2022
3119:2020
3094:2023
2952:2017
2926:2011
2904:2022
2778:2012
2765:ISBN
2744:2010
2654:2010
2607:2023
2583:2010
2518:2022
2493:2022
2462:2015
2429:2022
2398:2014
2355:2021
2326:2023
2295:2023
2268:2023
2027:---
2024:---
2021:---
1911:---
1908:---
1905:---
1803:and
1788:139
1770:217
1744:309
1722:Ilam
1706:Yazd
1628:Fars
1544:107
1454:75+
1286:5–9
1260:0–4
1249:Man
1240:Man
1150:Yazd
1119:135
1034:Fars
1023:Ilam
1017:805
944:218
877:607
874:896
839:Man
833:Man
827:Man
722:Shia
699:and
537:and
517:and
464:The
432:and
415:and
258:Iran
233:Shia
231:and
197:Dari
66:news
4034:doi
4006:doi
3976:doi
3946:doi
3858:doi
3827:doi
3778:doi
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1752:18
1726:29
1700:35
1674:40
1654:Qom
1648:47
1622:91
1596:93
1570:99
1476:Qom
1212:Age
1205:21
1202:26
1143:13
1135:31
1132:60
1122:82
1104:Qom
1030:17
1027:12
982:36
979:63
947:91
936:17
933:23
925:20
922:15
890:55
887:52
866:38
863:55
855:63
852:76
790:.
678:or
560:in
556:at
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283:'s
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