569:. The importance of this travelogue lies less in its linguistic features than in the access it provides to the life of women and children on the island, access that the more celebrated account of Synge does not provide. It is also a document which offers significant insight into the aims and aspirations of O'Farrelly herself and of her beloved Gaelic League: it serves as a platform from which O'Farrelly's belief in equality for women is projected; it depicts the modus operandi used by the Gaelic League to promote its ideology on Inis Meáin; and it reveals the manner in which the League's so-called 'Irish-Ireland' principles were assimilated by the islanders.
30:
498:
with which it had been associated at the turn of the twentieth century. Mary Hayden, Osborn Bergin, Eoin Mac Néill and Robin Flower were among those also involved in the Irish wing of the Celtic
Congress. When E.T. John died in early 1931, O'Farrelly took on a heavier administrative role within the Celtic Congress, and in the Breton Francois Jaffrennou-Taldir's words, "the Association was given a new life in 1935 , thanks to Miss Agnes O'Farrelly".
189:
349:, to improve her Irish. Over the next five summers which she spent on Inis Meáin, she became fluent in the Irish language and in August 1899 she founded 'The Women's Branch' of the Gaelic League, a year after a men's branch of the Gaelic League was established in both Inis Mór and Inis Meáin. This branch provided the first dedicated leisure time that the island women experienced.
583:, and it displays how O'Farrelly comes to terms with an Ireland far from her ideal. It portrays the dystopian nature of English power, as O'Farrelly sees it, juxtaposed with the light, spirituality, purity, truth, hope and unity of Ireland, which could enable its future salvation. The overall propagandist purpose of the collection is to offer hope to the demoralised Irish people.
357:
clergy whilst still campaigning for the promotion of Irish within the educational system. According to Roger
Casement, it was O'Farrelly who convinced the Commissioner of National Education, Dr. Starkie, of the merits of the bilingual programme in national schools, a programme initiated in 1904 in 27 schools.
352:
When she returned from the Aran
Islands in the autumn of 1898, she signed up to the Central Branch of the Gaelic League in Dublin and soon became a member of its executive committee and the most influential female member of the Gaelic League until 1915. Throughout her early involvement in the Gaelic
426:
She was appointed honorary president, first of the Ulster
Camogie Association and then the Camogie Association in 1934 alongside Maire Gill, who continued to chair central council and congress. She opposed the divisive ban on hockey introduced by the association in 1934 and made several appeals for
497:
was to nurture and promote scholarship and culture (albeit 'Celtic' rather than Irish); the congress was in theory to be held annually (similar to the
Oireachtas); and its leading members were now drawn from educationalist and linguistic circles rather than the more exclusive Dublin Castle circle
332:
to apply for the Royal
University's Senior Fellowship, in an effort to challenge the view that female scholars were ineligible for such awards. In 1902, along with Hayden, she helped found the Irish Association of Women Graduates and Candidate Graduates, to promote equal opportunity in university
356:
In 1907, O'Farrelly became chairperson of Coiste an
Oideachais of the Gaelic League, having relinquished her role as advising Intermediate examiner in Celtic. Her chief role was to mediate between the diverging views on educational policy within the Gaelic League and to appease elements of the
174:
This club boasted over 60,000 child members during its height, and facilitated the mass-indoctrination of a generation of Irish children into the cultural nationalist movement. She was to become the most vocal female within this club, which moulded her utopian, feminist and nationalist thought
353:
League, O'Farrelly promoted her women's agenda amongst her influential male colleagues. If anything, this enhanced her popularity, which was testified to when she topped the poll in 1903 and 1904. She was one of the most active and diligent language activists at this time.
321:(BA 1899, MA 1900), and spent a term in Paris studying under Henri D'Arbois de Jubainville, professor of Celtic in the Collège de France. She was the first woman to have studied Celtic to such an advanced level. O'Farrelly was appointed a lecturer in Irish at
468:
deprecating her spoken Irish may have been born out of professional rivalry. She also became president of the Irish
Industrial Development Association and the Homespun Society, and administrator of the John Connor Magee Trust for the development of
303:, the main cultural nationalist body in operation in Ireland since 1893, was recruited and a class was set up, with Farrelly (or O'Farrelly as she then became known) encouraging young women from other Women's Colleges in Dublin to attend.
447:
She was also president of the Irish
Federation of University Women (1937–39) and of the National University Women Graduates' Association (1943–47). In 1937 she was actively involved in the Women Graduates' campaign against the new
438:
In 1931, a set of medals she presented helped spark a camogie revival in Cavan which led to 25 teams being affiliated. Further medals for an inter-county match between Cavan and Meath helped start the game in her native county.
314:, who, like O'Farrelly, would go on to play major roles in the Gaelic League's development through the first two decades of the twentieth century, as literary figures, educationalists and language activists.
489:, attempted to revive the former Celtic Association under the new name of "The Celtic Congress", thus initiating the second wave of inter-Celtic relations. For O'Farrelly and indeed her closest friend
427:
unity when the association became embroiled in several splits. In 1941–42 she took over as chair as well as
President of the Association, and briefly succeeded in reintegrating the dissident
587:(1927), produced in a climate of relative stability, reveals a romantic utopianism, and celebrates a return to a harmonious rhythm of life, uninterrupted by the unnatural nature of war.
452:, seeking deletion of articles which they believed discriminated against women. O'Farrelly also became a founder and President of the Dublin Soroptimist Club in December 1938.
373:. O'Farrelly left the organisation that year over the issue of Irishmen joining the British Army during World War I. She did however remain active in the Gaelic League.
464:, she was also associated with the Leinster and Connacht colleges and served as chairperson of the Federation of Irish Language Summer Schools. An anecdote told by
146:, one of five daughters and three sons of Peter Dominic and Ann (née Sheridan) Farrelly. Her first published work was a series of saccharine-sweet articles in the
333:
education. She gave evidence to the Robertson (1902) and Fry (1906) commissions on Irish university education, arguing successfully for full co-education at UCD.
783:
Ríona Nic Congáil "'Looking on for centuries from the side-line': Gaelic Feminism and the rise of Camogie", Éire-Ireland (Spring / Summer 2013): 168–192.
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493:, who also took an active interest, the Celtic Congress held much in common with the Gaelic League with which they had for so long been involved: its
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During the summer of 1898, when O'Farrelly had then finished her second year of study at St. Mary's College, Eoin MacNeill arranged for her to visit
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was presented to her by the Women Graduates' Association on her retirement from UCD in 1947, after which she lived at 38 Brighton Road,
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Through this initiative, a core group of middle-class and educated female cultural nationalists emerged in the capital city, including
651:
Ríona Nic Congáil, "Fiction, Amusement, Instruction": The Irish Fireside Club and the Educational Ideology of the Gaelic League,
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She was a founder member, and subsequently principal for many years, of the Ulster College of Irish, Cloghaneely,
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423:(the second Lord Ashbourne), to donate a cup for the inter-collegiate camogie competition instituted in 1915.
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380:, she gathered a petition that unsuccessfully sought a reprieve of the death sentence of her close friend
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O'Farrelly wrote in both Irish and English, often under the pseudonym 'Uan Uladh'. Prose works include
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O'Farrelly recorded her experiences on Inis Meáin which would later form the basis of her travelogue
384:. She was a member of a committee of women which negotiated unsuccessfully with IRA leaders to avoid
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As soon as she became financially independent, she enrolled in St Mary's University College, (
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289:) in Dublin, and she duly convinced her College Principal to enlist the college's first ever
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and Loreto colleges, and also taught Irish in the Central Branch of the Gaelic League.
156:, appeared, after which the editor, Edward O'Hanlon encouraged her to study literature.
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TIMOTHY G. MCMAHON, 'All Creeds and All Classes?? Just Who Made Up the Gaelic League?'
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Mary J Hogan: University College Dublin Women Graduates' Association, 1902–1982 (1982)
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Mary M Macken: Women in the university and the college: a struggle within a struggle
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126:(UCD). She was also the first female Irish-language novelist, a founding member of
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In February 1887, she signed up to the "Irish Fireside Club", a new column in the
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Janet Egleson Dunleavy and Gareth W Dunleavy: Unmanageable revolutionaries (1989)
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In 1917, Edward Thomas John, a Welsh nationalist and Member of Parliament for
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lecturer so that she could study the language as part of her Arts Degree.
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167:, symptomatic of the expanding field of children's literature during the
213: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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122:; nom-de-plume 'Uan Uladh'), was an academic and Professor of Irish at
655:– Volume 44:1&2, Earrach/Samhradh / Spring/Summer 2009, pp. 91–117
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in 1914, supporting its having a subordinate role in relation to the
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142:
Agnes Winifred Farrelly was born 24 June 1874 in Raffony House,
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692:
Michael Tierney (ed.): Struggle with fortune (1954), pp.142–65
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boards into the association before another secession in 1943.
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Centenary history of the Literary & Historical Society
522:. She never married, and left an estate valued at £3,109.
415:. A founder member in 1914 and president (1914–51) of the
620:Úna Ní Fhaircheallaigh agus an Fhís Útóipeach Ghaelach
616:Úna Ní Fhaircheallaigh agus an Fhís Útóipeach Ghaelach
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industry. She represented the Ulster Gaelic Union at
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She was defeated as an independent candidate for the
641:. Dublin, Ireland: Cumann Camógaíochta. p. 460.
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680:Proinsias MacAonghusa: Ar son na Gaeilge (1993)
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848:Columba Butler: Agnes O'Farrelly and Aran’
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882:Alumni of the Royal University of Ireland
865:, ed. Ríona Nic Congáil, (2010), pp 20–24
839:Beathaisnéis a hAon (1986); Margaret Ward
639:A Game of Our Own: The History of Camogie
514:, where she died on 5 November 1951. The
365:She presided at the inaugural meeting of
273:Learn how and when to remove this message
932:Scholars and academics from County Cavan
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785:Gaelic Feminism and the rise of Camogie
754:. Cork: The Collins Press. p. 37.
752:Cumann Na mBan and the Irish Revolution
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912:Academics of University College Dublin
897:Gaelic games players from County Cavan
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798:: St Patrick's blue and saffron (1997)
668:, ed. Ríona Nic Congáil (2010), p. 15
518:and President attended her funeral to
417:University College Dublin camogie club
887:Presidents of the Camogie Association
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863:Smaointe ar Árainn/ Thoughts on Aran
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211:adding citations to reliable sources
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807:Irish Independent 25 February 1934.
666:Smaointe ar Árainn/Thoughts on Aran
411:Her great legacy to camogie is the
114:; 24 June 1874 – 5 November 1951) (
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927:People from Virginia, County Cavan
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419:, it was O'Farrelly who persuaded
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154:Glimpses of Breffni and Meath
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395:in the general elections of
89:St Mary's University College
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319:Royal University of Ireland
92:Royal University of Ireland
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575:(1921) is a collection of
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581:Irish War of Independence
124:University College Dublin
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554:(1902). Poetry includes
477:in the 1920s and 1930s.
299:, Vice-President of the
542:(1911), and her novels
536:Leabhar an Athar Eoghan
317:She graduated from the
152:in January–March 1895,
112:Agnes Winifred Farrelly
41:Agnes Winifred Farrelly
917:Cumann na mBan members
750:McCarthy, Cal (2007).
175:throughout adulthood.
144:Virginia, County Cavan
120:Úna Ní Fhaircheallaigh
119:
892:Irish women academics
723:Thomas J. Morrissey,
520:Deans Grange Cemetery
287:Muckross Park College
502:Retirement and death
376:In 1916, along with
345:, the middle of the
207:improve this article
922:UCD camogie players
614:Ríona Nic Congáil,
532:The Reign of Humbug
506:An oil portrait by
132:Camogie Association
101:Academic, professor
861:Agnes O'Farrelly,
664:Agnes O'Farrelly,
567:Smaointe Ar Árainn
552:Smaointe ar Árainn
361:Political activity
308:Máire Ní Chinnéide
222:"Agnes O'Farrelly"
573:Out of the Depths
556:Out of the depths
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291:Irish language
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196:This section
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169:fin de siècle
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72:(1951-11-05)
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635:Moran, Mary
558:(1921) and
330:Mary Hayden
876:Categories
818:Anglo Celt
682:(in Irish)
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388:in 1922.
343:Inis Meáin
233:newspapers
163:edited by
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138:Early life
47:1874-06-24
516:Taoiseach
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