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Lillehammer affair

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the day following the assassination. Six other members of the team, four men and two women, were arrested before they could escape. Two agents were caught in a getaway car they were using again without having changed the license plates while trying to get to an airport the day after the assassination. Their interrogations led to the arrests of the remaining members of the cell. Incriminating documents and the keys to a network of
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of their home, a car with four Mossad agents pulled up beside them. While two stayed in the car to provide cover, the other two got out and shot Bouchikhi 13 times with a 22 caliber pistol, his wife witnessing the shooting. They then jumped back into the car, which immediately drove away at high speed. Local police were close by, but by the time police and rescue arrived, Bouchikhi was dead.
208:. Information on Mossad safe houses, phone numbers and agents gathered during the interrogation of the agents was rapidly shared with its European counterparts. As a result, Mossad agents who had been exposed had to be recalled, safe houses abandoned, phone numbers changed and operational methods modified. 170:
On the evening of 21 July, a day after having misidentified Bouchikhi as Salameh, the Mossad agents carried out the assassination. Bouchikhi and his pregnant wife had gone to see a movie. After taking a bus back and getting off at a bus stop, they began slowly walking back home. As they were in sight
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While the defence counsel said their clients played only minor roles such as shadowing and passing on information, five of the six agents were found guilty on a variety of charges and convicted of complicity in the killing, receiving sentences ranging from one year to five and a half years but were
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A known Palestinian courier in Lillehammer was identified and followed by Mossad agents to a public swimming pool, where he was seen speaking with Bouchikhi, who had no connection to Palestinian armed groups and whose conversation with the courier was coincidental. Bouchikhi, who resembled Salameh,
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said that Israel would never take responsibility for the killing but would consider compensation. The Government of Israel appointed an attorney, Amnon Goldenberg, to negotiate a settlement with Bouchikhi's widow Torill and daughter Malika, who were represented by attorney Thor-Erik Johansen. That
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The killing shocked the residents of Lillehammer, where there had not been a murder for 36 years. The Israelis learned that they had killed the wrong man after the story was publicized the following day. Nine members of the hit team, including the two actual killers, escaped and were out of Norway
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The revelations of the captured agents dealt a massive blow to the secret infrastructure of the Mossad in Europe. The captured agents were interrogated over the operation. One of them, Dan Arbel, became extremely nervous as soon as his cell door shut due to his extreme claustrophobia; he provided
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283,000 split between Bouchikhi's wife and daughter. A separate settlement of US$ 118,000 was paid to a son from a previous marriage. An Israeli statement was also issued which stopped short of an apology but expressed "sorrow" over Bouchikhi's "unfortunate" death.
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wrote that Salameh was instrumental in leading Mossad off course by feeding it false information about his whereabouts. A team of 15 Mossad agents was sent to Lillehammer to assassinate him, where they were joined by Mossad director general
162:. The agents knew that Salameh was multilingual, and concluded that this had to be him. The Mossad team followed Bouchikhi to his home. His residence was placed under constant surveillance by Mossad agents sitting in hired cars. 2373: 2129: 191:
and killed him on 22 January 1979 with a remote-controlled car bomb in an attack that also caused the deaths of eight other persons (including four of Salamehā€™s bodyguards) and injured 18 others.
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Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the U.S. Marine Corps Command and Staff College by Alexander B. Calahan, GS-12, Graduate Class for the degree of Master of Military Studies, April 1995.
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many details on the operation in exchange for being transferred to a larger cell with a small window. Authorities discovered a key on one of the suspects for a Mossad safe house in
303: 98:. Six of 15 of the Mossad team were captured and convicted of complicity in the killing by the Norwegian justice system in a major blow to the intelligence agency's reputation. 2542: 715:"The Israeli Response to the 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre and the Development of Independent Covert Action Teams" (includes an extensive overview of the Lillehammer Affair) 2537: 211:
For the first time, clear evidence had been found of Israel's involvement in the string of assassinations of Palestinians that had taken place on European soil as part of
154:. Lillehammer was a relatively small city, and the sudden arrival of more than a dozen strangers attracted attention from residents. The local police began to watch them. 1346: 761: 596: 1471: 487: 1457: 1567: 212: 205: 111: 263:
was leaked to the Government of Norway by one of the arrested agents, Dan Arbel. However, the Norwegians decided to remain silent about their findings.
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was found to match the photographs of Salameh. A female Mossad agent then jumped into the pool and got close enough to Bouchikhi to hear him speaking
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NOU 2000: 6. Lillehammer-saken. Omstendigheter rundt drapet pƄ Ahmed Bouchikhi den 21. juli 1973 og sakens senere hƄndtering av norske myndigheter.
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NOU 2000: 6. Lillehammer-saken. Omstendigheter rundt drapet pƄ Ahmed Bouchikhi den 21. juli 1973 og sakens senere hƄndtering av norske myndigheter.
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group responsible. In the summer of 1973, Mossad received a tip that Salameh was working as a waiter in Lillehammer. Author and former
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One Day in September: The Full Story of the 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre and the Israeli Revenge Operation "Wrath of God"
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In 1990, Norway reopened the case. In 1998 it issued a global arrest warrant for the leader of the operation,
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Israel never officially took responsibility for the assassination. In January 1996, Prime Minister
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same month, an agreement was reached; Israel paid compensation equal to
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ordered the operation suspended. It was resumed under Prime Minister
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De medskyldige ā€“ om israelsk etterretning og mordet pĆ„ Lillehammer
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released and returned to Israel in 1975. The Mossad later found
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World News Briefs;Israelis to Compensate Family of Slain Waiter
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Shooting civilians following mistaken identification
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Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre
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Further names of individuals involved in the affair
304:"Chico Bouchikhi, le Mossad et la LĆ©gion d'honneur" 206:
Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre
334: 2494: 769: 118:to assassinate Ali Hassan Salameh, the head of 70:waiter and the brother of the French musician 755: 301: 2433:Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany 1963: 1884: 672: 762: 748: 688:Elvik, Halvor/Amundsen, Tor Mentz (1974): 365: 363: 361: 359: 1771: 1710: 1630: 1545: 1444: 1370: 620:"Norway solves riddle of Mossad killing" 617: 562:"Norway solves riddle of Mossad killing" 559: 302:Schwartzbrod, Alexandra (12 July 2019). 215:. Under intense international pressure, 33: 2478:There was no such thing as Palestinians 2109: 643: 480: 398: 396: 394: 392: 335:Ediciones El PaĆ­s (28 September 2014). 66:) was the murder of Ahmed Bouchikhi, a 29:Murder by Mossad in Lillehammer, Norway 14: 2495: 356: 2416: 2098: 1337: 983: 781: 743: 701:The official Norwegian report, 2000. 402: 369: 194: 90:agents had mistaken their target for 2380:South African allegation of genocide 389: 2451:Israeli criticism of the occupation 607:– via www.washingtonpost.com. 488:"MIDDLE EAST: Death of a Terrorist" 337:"Michael Harari, oficial del Mosad" 278:Assassination of Mahmoud Al-Mabhouh 106:Undercover agents had been sent by 51: 24: 2533:People killed in Mossad operations 666: 25: 2554: 2099: 1472:Attacks against Israeli civilians 847:Palestine Liberation Organization 708: 494:. 5 February 1979. Archived from 2272:Agreement on Movement and Access 2203:US security assistance to the PA 2125:Palestinian expulsion and flight 1664:1983 West Bank fainting epidemic 782: 633:– via www.theguardian.com. 370:Green, David B. (21 July 2016). 165: 112:series of planned assassinations 2322:Israeliā€“Palestinian peace talks 2310:Israeliā€“Palestinian peace talks 2266:Israeli disengagement from Gaza 1750:Cave of the Patriarchs massacre 984: 637: 618:Mellgren, Doug (2 March 2000). 611: 597:"ISRAEL COMPENSATES OSLO WIDOW" 589: 574: 560:Mellgren, Doug (2 March 2000). 553: 527: 502: 261:Israeli nuclear weapons program 2130:depopulated towns and villages 1915:Palestinian militancy campaign 462: 450:"Witness; The Lillehammer Hit" 421: 347: 328: 295: 94:, the chief of operations for 13: 1: 288: 101: 2417: 771:Israeliā€“Palestinian conflict 124:Black September Organization 7: 1791:Palestinian suicide attacks 1737:Palestinian suicide attacks 312:(in French). Archived from 266: 10: 2559: 2528:July 1973 events in Europe 2278:Valley of Peace initiative 2221:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum 1903:Jerusalem bulldozer attack 1779:Palestinian rocket attacks 842:All-Palestine Protectorate 690:Da "Mossad" kom til Norge. 2423: 2412: 2334: 2301: 2229: 2164: 2116: 2105: 2094: 1950: 1893:"Bringing Home the Goods" 1873: 1762: 1701: 1623: 1554:Avivim school bus bombing 1532: 1437: 1361: 1357: 1333: 1152: 994: 990: 979: 950: 870: 834: 825: 792: 788: 777: 259:), information about the 2473:Timeline of anti-Zionism 1994:Egyptā€“Gaza border breach 1899:Jerusalem yeshiva attack 1611:Misgav Am hostage crisis 648:(in French). Gyldendal. 644:SchjĆødt, AnnƦus (2004). 407:. Simon & Schuster. 150:and operation commander 122:and an operative of the 2518:Israeli Security Forces 2513:Israelā€“Norway relations 2058:"Guardian of the Walls" 1932:Israelā€“Palestine crisis 674:Heradstveit, Per Ƙyvind 251:) by the former lawyer 86:, on 21 July 1973. The 2508:1973 murders in Norway 2197:Gazaā€“Jericho Agreement 1976:Gaza cross-border raid 1847:Ain es Saheb airstrike 1803:Israeli assassinations 1605:South Lebanon conflict 1579:Kiryat Shmona massacre 213:Operation Wrath of God 39: 1875:Palestinian dissident 1731:Temple Mount killings 1601:Coastal Road massacre 1287:Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi 862:Palestinian Authority 802:Israel Defense Forces 403:Reeve, Simon (2000). 37: 2387:Nicaragua v. Germany 2347:Palestine and the UN 2284:Annapolis Conference 2215:Wye River Memorandum 2038:Gaza border protests 2032:Freedom Flotilla III 1988:Beit Hanoun shelling 1972:Gaza beach explosion 1689:Night of the Gliders 1277:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam 723:Death in Lillehammer 316:on 30 September 2020 128:Palestinian militant 2468:Racism in Palestine 2446:Criticism of Israel 2428:Anti-Palestinianism 2254:Quartet established 2138:Lausanne Conference 2020:"Pillar of Defense" 1926:Temple Mount crisis 1861:"Days of Penitence" 1645:Zion Square bombing 1478:Reprisal operations 1466:Fedayeen insurgency 1347:military operations 1114:Amnon Lipkin-Shahak 498:on 12 January 2007. 476:. 20 November 2001. 470:"An Eye For An Eye" 114:following the 1972 56:Parshat Lillehammer 2441:Criticism of Hamas 2394:Israeli occupation 2293:Israel controversy 2242:Clinton Parameters 2201:1994ā€“present  2144:Israeli settlement 2142:1967ā€“present  2070:"Shield and Arrow" 2010:Gaza flotilla raid 1920:2015ā€“2016 violence 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283:Souhaila Andrawes 179:were discovered. 64:Lillehammer-saken 16:(Redirected from 2550: 2523:July 1973 events 2463:Racism in Israel 2414: 2413: 2316:Palestine Papers 2209:Hebron Agreement 2149:settler violence 2114: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2096: 2095: 2074:Israelā€“Hamas war 2042:November clashes 2016:"Returning Echo" 1961: 1960: 1882: 1881: 1857:Beit Hanoun raid 1837:Battle of Nablus 1769: 1768: 1708: 1707: 1628: 1627: 1583:Ma'alot massacre 1543: 1542: 1512:War of Attrition 1453:Arabā€“Israeli War 1442: 1441: 1368: 1367: 1359: 1358: 1335: 1334: 1187:Marwan Barghouti 1019:David Ben-Gurion 992: 991: 981: 980: 878:al-Aqsa Brigades 832: 831: 790: 789: 779: 778: 764: 757: 750: 741: 740: 726: 704: 695: 685: 680:(in Norwegian). 660: 659: 641: 635: 634: 632: 630: 615: 609: 608: 606: 604: 593: 587: 578: 572: 571: 557: 551: 550: 548: 546: 539:nationalpost.com 531: 525: 524: 522: 520: 506: 500: 499: 484: 478: 477: 466: 460: 459: 446: 431: 425: 419: 418: 400: 387: 386: 384: 382: 367: 354: 351: 345: 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London. 545:7 October 519:7 October 381:7 October 320:28 August 245:Mange liv 148:Zvi Zamir 60:Norwegian 2418:Analysis 2260:Road Map 2110:Timeline 2004:Gaza War 1955:conflict 1824:Karine A 1342:Timeline 996:Israelis 883:Children 794:Israelis 676:(1974). 267:See also 120:Force 17 68:Moroccan 923:PFLP-GC 730:YouTube 376:Haaretz 341:El PaĆ­s 88:Israeli 1624:  1438:  812:Mossad 652:  411:  189:Beirut 160:French 132:Mossad 126:, the 108:Israel 84:Norway 76:Mossad 48:Hebrew 2384:2024 2372:2004 2302:2010s 2230:2000s 2165:1990s 1784:lists 1377:1920 857:Hamas 852:Fatah 692:Oslo 430:p. 28 202:Paris 135:katsa 74:, by 1796:list 1742:list 918:PFLP 913:PPSF 888:DFLP 650:ISBN 631:2017 605:2017 547:2017 521:2017 492:Time 409:ISBN 383:2017 322:2020 233:US$ 42:The 928:PRC 908:PLF 903:PIJ 728:on 474:CBS 187:in 2499:: 2240:/ 622:. 564:. 537:. 512:. 490:. 472:. 452:. 435:^ 391:^ 374:. 358:^ 339:. 306:. 223:. 141:) 82:, 62:: 58:, 54:, 50:: 1574:) 763:e 756:t 749:v 684:. 658:. 549:. 523:. 417:. 385:. 343:. 324:. 137:( 46:( 20:)

Index

Ahmed Bouchiki

Hebrew
Norwegian
Moroccan
Chico Bouchikhi
Mossad
Lillehammer
Norway
Israeli
Ali Hassan Salameh
Black September
Israel
series of planned assassinations
Munich massacre
Force 17
Black September Organization
Palestinian militant
Mossad
katsa
case officer
Victor Ostrovsky
Zvi Zamir
Michael Harari
French
safe houses
Ali Hassan Salameh
Beirut
Paris
Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre

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