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463:. Although this invoked the romance of the days of sail, reliance on wind rather than steam was a way for the company to economize. The salmon packing industry was a very seasonal business and old sailing ships were relatively cheap and available. Shortly after the turn of the 20th century, the APA began to replace its wooden ships with iron-hulled vessels by purchasing a number of ships built by
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276:). On their boats and frequently in company correspondence the word diamond was not used but a diamond was drawn around the cannery initial. The Diamond NC cannery in Clark's Point, built in 1888 is still in existence but has not been used as a cannery since 1950. The Diamond M and Diamond O cannery in
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pandemic ravaged western Alaska in the spring of 1919, the APA helped bury the hundreds of dead, and provided care for the ill and orphaned children, even when the federal government did little to render aid. After a Navy
Lieutenant inspected the situation in Bristol Bay and reported the conditions
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founded in 1891 and sold in 1982. As the largest salmon packer in Alaska, the member canneries of APA were active in local affairs, and had considerable political influence. The Alaska
Packers' Association is best known for operating the "Star Fleet," the last fleet of commercial sailing vessels on
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Henry
Frederick Fortmann (1856–1946), owner of the Arctic Packing Company, one of the original member companies, served as APA president from its inception until 1922 and remained on the board until his death. Other presidents included William Timson and A.K. Tichenor.
427:. Many APA canneries were 50 years old and in need of major modernization but CalPack accountants questioned the investment in rebuilding canneries when salmon runs were in decline and consumers' tastes were turning from salmon to more cheap and abundant
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with the full cannery crew and over 52,000 cases or 2.5 million 1-pound cans of salmon on board. Upon reaching the outer coast, a gale blew up. The towboats cut their lines and the vessel's anchors dragged. The 262 foot ship broke up on the rocks of
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cannery superintendent J. C. Bell retorted, "We have not been able to fathom whether the conditions are satisfactory for them or the natives who are dead and buried … and as usual the job is up to the Alaska
Packers Association."
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to better manage canned salmon production to meet demand. Of the original 31 member canneries across Alaska, 9 were idled that year. With minor changes, the association reincorporated as the Alaska
Packers Association in 1893.
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Alaska salmon production remained generally poor throughout the 1950s, 60s, and early 70s, by which time the company sought out. In 1982, when salmon runs showed signs of resurgence, most of the APA's assets were sold to
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was in its infancy but already produced more canned salmon than the market could bear. The association was initially formed to sell off the surplus pack and it proved so successful that it incorporated in 1892 as the
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that were released. In 1907, the APA canned over $ 3 million worth of salmon and thanks to credits for hatchery releases that totaled over $ 32,000, owed just 32 cents in taxes, a bill they paid for with stamps.
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After the war, salmon runs declined for a variety of reasons including past overfishing, lax management and a general downturn in salmon survival due to a change in long-term climate cycles known as the
356:, and California Fruit Canners Association merged to form California Packing Corporation (CalPack), a company involved in canned fruits and vegetables and Hawaiian pineapple, and later reorganized as
295:. The absentee control of a major industry and the APA's dominant role provoked resentment among many Alaskans who viewed the industry as greedy, selfish and ruthless. Alaska Territorial Rep.
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Canned salmon was then as the largest industry in Alaska and produced over 80% of the territory's tax revenues. The APA wielded considerable clout in the territorial capital
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To its credit, the APA came to the aid of
Alaskans when needed. Its cannery hospitals provided medical care for neighboring Native residents and when the worldwide
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260:, and the Southeast Alaska panhandle. The company's various canneries were identified as "Diamonds" followed by an initial including: the Diamond NC was their
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Slaughter of "the silver horde": how the salmon are being driven from the waters of Alaska — huge profits for the packers, but not a penny for the people
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Max Stern. The price of salmon. Daily news (San
Francisco, Calif.), 1922. A reporter ships out on an Alaska Packers ship to document working conditions
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The company liked the naming pattern used for the Star Line's ships so much that it used this pattern for the naming of its other vessels, naming them
1107:
Dyal, Donald H. The Fleet Book of the Alaska
Packers Association, 1893–1945; an Historical Overview and List. North Charleston, South Carolina, 2014
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Cooper, Diane E. Annotated bibliography, Chinese contract system and the
Pacific salmon industry. Karl Kortum Endowment for Maritime History. 1997
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Guimary, Donald L. Marumina trabaho : a history of labor in Alaska's salmon canning industry : Dirty work. iUniverse, 2006
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McCullough, Nicole Susan. The 1951 Bristol Bay salmon strike : isolation, independence and illusion in the last frontier. 2001
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Loring, Charles M. Data & notes on the sailing vessel fleet of the Alaska
Packers Association, San Francisco, Calif. 1947
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Alaska's notorious weather resulted in a number of accidents involving the sailing ships, most notably the sinking of the
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As the industry later expanded, the APA emerged as the largest salmon packer in Alaska with canneries that stretched from
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The company generally prospered through the 1930s as salmon production grew but many Alaska canneries were idled during
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In 1927, the APA still owned fourteen square-rigged sailing vessels in its "Star Fleet" of which only two remain. The
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471:. APA purchased the following ships (in order of build) from others who had purchased from James P. Corry and Co. -
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Seize then the hour : a history of James P. Corry & Co. Ltd. and of the Corry family, 1123-1974
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for an undisclosed amount. Many of these properties in Bristol Bay have since been acquired by
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and is a popular dive site. Other ships in this series that are no longer afloat include the
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In 1916, Alaska Packers Association, Griffin & Skelley, Central California Canneries,
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Indigenous women cleaning salmon on beach near the APA cannery on Ugashik River, 1900
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The name APA is now used by the Seattle-based At-Sea Processors Association. This
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photo collection of salmon can labels, wooden crates, and a cannery company logos
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Alaska Packers Association records, 1891-1970 received from Del Monte Corporation
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after the name of its premier brand. The APA later moved its headquarters to the
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Catching a Can in Ketichkan, A History of the Canned Salmon Capital of the World
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Sockeye and the age of sail : the story of the Alaska Packers Association
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Salmon from Kodiak: an history of the salmon fishery of Kodiak Island, Alaska
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877:"San Francisco Call 11 March 1894 — California Digital Newspaper Collection"
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Zeusler, F.A. The Star Fleet. Puget Sound Maritime Historical Society. 1965
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The APA is perhaps best remembered for operating one of the last fleets of
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The Development of the Pacific salmon-canning industry: a grown man's game
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fisheries. At-Sea Processors Association has no connection to the earlier
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cannery (after its originator the Nushagak Canning Co.), the Diamond E (
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3 Circuit Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. 4 May 26, 1902. 5 No. 789.
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village abandoned around 1902, when people left to take cannery jobs
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EVALUATION OF WASTE DISPOSAL PRACTICES OF ALASKA SEAFOOD PROCESSORS
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and 111 people died, mostly Chinese and Japanese cannery workers.
383:. During World War II Alaska Packers' Association was active with
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A Guide to the Alaska Packer's Association Log Books, 1876-1945
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403:. The ship was run by its Alaska Packers' Association and the
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on the industry and reap other benefits. The company operated
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represents seven companies that own and operate 19 US flag
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Alaska Packers' Association. San Francisco, CA. Fleet List
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Ships related to the Alaska Packers Association, Dyal 2008
489:. The first of these vessels bought by the APA was the
1147:- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
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to man the deck guns and radio. Example ships operated:
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Alaska Packers Association records, Corporate History
1076:"Butterfly Salmon Can Label Label San Francisco, CA"
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now lies in 40 metres of water in Port Vila harbor,
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1018:. Belfast: J.P. Corry and Co. Pty Ltd. p. 62.
164:the West Coast of North America, as late as 1927.
508:on September 20, 1908. The vessel was towed from
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1430:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
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176:Salmon boats at APA cannery, Nushagak Bay, 1900
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1511:Food and drink companies established in 1891
928:"Del Monte Foods Company -- Company History"
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419:, and SS Joseph Smith, which sank in 1944.
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280:built in 1895 is still in operation today.
222:The APA was formed in 1891 when the Alaska
141:Defunct American canned salmon manufacturer
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1098:Huycke, Harold. The great Star Fleet. 1960
1247:Alaska Packers Association Cannery Museum
1064:Photographs of Alaska Packers Association
1041:The Alaska Packers Association, Dyal 2008
903:"The places that escaped the Spanish flu"
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1130:ALASKA PACKERS' ASS'N v. DOMENICO et al.
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55:"Alaska Packers' Association"
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381:United States Shipping Board
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1388:Alaska boundary dispute
1165:- National Park Service
1159:- National Park Service
1014:Caughey, James (1974).
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1455:History of Fairbanks
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1203:library.alaska.gov
1150:DANIEL B. DELOACH.
417:Louis A. Sengteller
389:Maritime Commission
1299:Timeline of Alaska
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