121:(November 20, 1896 – January 22, 1971) was a Canadian naval officer, journalist, and publisher. His role in a controversy over Canadian naval operations in 1943, near the height of the Battle of the Atlantic, continues to be debated by Canadian naval historians. In 1943 MacLean's criticisms of the leadership of the Royal Canadian Navy, based on his personal experience and published in one of his magazines, led to questions in the House of Commons about the management of naval operations. Further investigations later that year eroded beyond repair the naval minister's confidence in Vice-Admiral Percy Nelles, until then chief of the Canadian naval staff, and Nelles was replaced early in 1944.
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Muskoka
Navigation & Hotel Company for many years. In 1954 Hugh C. MacLean Publications built Canada's most modern printing plant in Don Mills. At the time the firm's fifteen publications had a combined readership of 145,000. In 1961, following a family dispute, the Board replaced MacLean as president. In 1964 the firm became part of Southam Business Publications..
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Nelles's strengths and weaknesses, and the degree to which MacLean's attack had eroded
Minister Macdonald's confidence in the naval high command before the corvette officers' "equipment crisis," continue to be debated by Canadian scholars. MacLean is not mentioned in the official Operational History
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MacLean became a director of Hugh C. MacLean
Publishing in 1922 and president in 1947 after the death of his father. During that time he launched Canada's first photo tabloid newspaper, the Toronto News Mirror (1923–25). He later founded the Canadian Magazine. In addition he was a director of the
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J.B. Maclean's son and heir Hector Andrew
Fitzroy MacLean died in 1919, and he soon after proposed that Andrew MacLean, his nephew, succeed to a controlling interest in his publishing empire. Andrew MacLean, however, would make his business career with his father at Hugh C. MacLean Publications.
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MacLean saw the careerism of some civil servants and senior officers as dereliction of duty. His frustration with the naval command led to his retirement from the navy in
October 1942, age 45. He returned to the family publishing business and subsequently made his concerns public in an issue of
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Andrew MacLean was born in
Toronto, the only child of Hugh Cameron MacLean and Elizabeth ('Bessie') Emma Matilda (née Dyas) MacLean. His mother died when he was six months old and he was raised by his maternal grandmother, Emma Ball Dyas. His grandfather, Thomas W. Dyas, was the advertising and
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The controversy over MacLean's charges was followed in the summer and fall of 1943 by confidential in-service criticisms from active duty officers, many of them reserve officers. These focussed on the outdated equipment and inadequate training of the RCN corvette fleet that was then engaged in
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He was ordered back to Canada to organise RCN Submarine
Chasers and became Senior Officer Fairmiles. Fairmiles, motor launches 34 metres long with a crew of about 15, were useful for coastal duties, but the ocean-going anti-submarine war was dominated by corvettes. MacLean campaigned for
253:. MacLean outlined his experience with the Fairmiles and argued that the expertise of patriotic and dedicated naval reserve personnel like himself was being dismissed by the small coterie of permanent force officers who dominated Canadian naval headquarters.
166:— they adopted different spellings of their surname – worked together to build a substantial Canadian publishing enterprise. In 1899 J.B. Maclean bought out his brother and assumed full control of the Maclean Publishing Company, which later became
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and served in its Marine
Section before returning to the Royal Canadian Navy . Sent on loan to the Royal Navy, he was given command of a convoy trawler, HMS St. Zeno. He later represented the Admiralty for the acceptance trials of
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Rory MacLean "History and
Heritage Betrayed" and Richard O. Mayne "For Greater Sacrifices," in Dorchester Review 4#2 (Autumn/Winter 2014) and MacLean, "Nations Need Rebels" in 5#2 (Spring-Summer 2015). All republished at
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Following the end of the First World War, MacLean had joined Hugh C. MacLean
Publishing and worked for the company for most of the next forty years. Between 1932 and 1934, he served as Secretary to
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W.A.B. Douglas, Roger Sarty, Michael Whitby. (2002) The Official Operational History of the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War, Vol. II, part 1, No Higher Purpose (St. Catharines: Vanwell.
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W.A.B. Douglas, Roger Sarty, Michael Whitby, (2002) The Official Operational History of the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War, Vol. II, part 1, No Higher Purpose St. Catharines: Vanwell.
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of the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War, but a critical account of his actions by historian Richard Mayne led in 2014-15 to publication of a defence of MacLean by his son, the author
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transatlantic convoy duty and the anti-submarine campaign. The Naval Minister lost confidence in Vice-Admiral Percy C. Nelles, and he was removed as Chief of the Naval Staff in January 1944.
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At the outbreak of the Second World War, while awaiting call up as a Canadian reserve naval officer, the ever-patriotic MacLean joined the Royal Canadian Air Force
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he published a number of weekly newspapers, including Muskoka News. He married twice, and had five children: Hugh Armstrong MacLean, Hector Iain MacLean, author
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MacLean's blunt criticisms provoked questions in the Canadian Parliament and a rebuttal from the Minister of National Defence for naval services,
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229:. From 1927 to 1931, as a member of the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve, he commanded the Toronto naval reserve station HMCS York.
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modernization and reorganization of the Fairmile fleet and, more generally, for better treatment of reserve officers like himself.
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He served in the Mediterranean with the First Submarine Hunting Flotilla. He was promoted on the recommendation of Admiral Sir
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Richard O. Mayne (2006). Betrayed: Scandal, Politics and Canadian Naval Leadership. Vancouver: UBC Press, pp. 12-41.
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David J. Bercuson (2015). Our Finest Hour: Canada Fights the Second World War, Toronto: HarperCollins, pp. 259-62.
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Control of Maclean-Hunter eventually passed to Horace T. Hunter and other associates of J.B. Maclean, including
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Richard O. Mayne (2006). Betrayed: Scandal, Politics and Canadian Naval Leadership. Vancouver: UBC Press.
142:, and a founder of A. McKim and Company, the first advertising agency in Canada. MacLean was educated at
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Angus Macdonald, "Half Truths and Evasions Feature Naval Minister's Reply to BOATING's Charges" in
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MacLean carried on the family publishing tradition under the name Andrew MacLean Limited. Based in
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Floyd Chalmers (1969) A Gentleman of the Press, John Bayne Maclean. Toronto: Doubledday
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MacLean, Andrew D. (1943) "Trying to Get to Sea" and "Fairmiles And Foul" in
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David J. Bercuson, Our Finest Hour (Toronto, HarperCollins, 2015) pp. 259-62
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Ontario Archives holdings for the family of Andrew D. MacLean
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In the 1880s and 1890s, MacLean's father Hugh and uncle
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419:. 19:2, March–April 1943. pp. 34-38. Republished at
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http://wwwarcheion.ca/andrew-d-maclean-family-fonds
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347:"Andrew D. MacLean family fonds - Archeion"
210:in January 1917 and was commissioned as a
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241:Submarine Chasers and Motor Gun Boats.
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