1492:. Lepper was initially opposed to both candidates, denouncing the election of "sham democracy" of oligarchic character in which "Poles voted for different parties and still Balcerowicz jumped out of the ballot box". By Balcerowicz, Lepper meant that capitalist reforms would continue. However, Law and Justice framed the contest as a choice between "solidaristic Poland" and "liberal Poland"; to this end, Law and Justice started promoting state intervention in the economy and redistributive policies that were appealing to both the left-wing electorate as well as Lepper. This convinced Lepper to endorse Kaczyński, stating that it is necessary to defeat "the greater evil of a liberal presidency". This belief in necessity to prevent neoliberal parties from governing again also led Samoobrona to form the coalition with Law and Justice in 2006, which it considered economically left-leaning. In his endorsement of Kaczyński, Lepper argued that left-wing voters must vote against neoliberalism and justified his decision on the basis of Kaczyński's declarations in support of funding social welfare, fighting unemployment and taking a tougher stance towards the European Union.
1632:. Lepper's party stressed the primacy of man before capital, and used slogans such as "Man, Family, Work - a life of dignity". It called for a kind of socialism characterized by "respect for life in all its forms, recognition of the role of family, nation, moral tradition, social benevolence and solidarity". The party explicitly tied itself to the Catholic social teaching, declaring: "The Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland is guided by the social teaching of the Church and fully shares the indications contained in the encyclicals of the greatest moral authority of our time, as we recognise Pope John Paul II." However, Lepper himself criticized the Catholic hierarchy for what he considered siding with the rich and passively approving of capitalism. At the same time, Lepper considered the Church a moral authority and adopted the Church's stance on social issues such as abortion, euthanasia or death penalty.
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rates on loans. In the absence of appropriate government action, a 100-strong group of trade unionists occupied the
Ministry of Agriculture building on 9 April. After a few days, the protesters went on hunger strike, demanding talks with government representatives and at the same time adding to their previous demands the resignation of Minister G. Janowski. Around one hundred and fifty ZZR Samoobrona activists broke into the Ministry of Agriculture building in Warsaw and set up camp in one of the reception rooms on the first floor. The demonstrators' demands were: implementation of the November agreements, in particular with regard to halting the seizure of the assets of over-indebted farmers, the introduction of agricultural loans at preferential rates, 12% maximum, and a meeting with the Prime Minister.
1343:. The regional president of Rural Solidarity in West Pomerania, Zbigniew Obrocki, coordinated protests together with the newly created movements and invited several representatives of the local protest committees in Zamość and Darłowo to join the Rural Solidarity's strike based on occupying the Sejm building on 5 October 1991. The representatives invited by Obrocki included Lepper, as a representative of the striking farmers of Darłowo. This action was considered very successful by how much media coverage and support it gained, and soon divisions emerged between the representatives based on the protest methods. Rural Solidarity wanted to preserve their official and civil image by keeping to peaceful protests, while the group organized against Lepper insisted on more confrontational measures. As
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policies, it was a "semi-sovereign state" that had more achievements than faults, such as the post-war reconstruction, development of industry, infrastructure and housing, the development of education and health care, social security, as well as "the social advancement of millions of formerly disinherited citizens". Lepper praised socialsim as a "a system which put man first" and which was "in line with the commandments of the Church". He also believed that the downfall of
Communist Poland was caused by the anti-worker elites of the PZPR, while praising the rank-and-file members who stayed true to "genuinely socialist ideals and values". Lepper and his party were considered Catholic socialist, as well as agrarian socialist.
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was made to the court to register the Trade Union of
Agriculture ‘Self-Defence’. The ZZR ‘Samoobrona’ - which brings together farmers and people connected with agriculture - was registered on 10 January 1992. Subsequently, on 27 and 28 March 1992, the First National Congress of the union was held in Warsaw, with representatives of the PSL, the National Union of Farmers and the then Deputy Minister of Agriculture, P. Dąbrowski, among others, attending it as invited guests. Lepper was elected president of the trade union, and a decision was taken to tighten up the forms of protest, setting up, among other things, so-called ‘anti-enforcement brigades’, which were to deal with thwarting bailiff seizures on indebted farms.
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at the press conference. Some of them, mainly from the
Koszalin voivodship (where a protest committee has been active since July), publicly stated that they did not believe in the effectiveness of these peaceful methods: "The government will only give in when there is bloodshed and dead bodies. The only solution is to show them our strength and invade the city". It was in an electric atmosphere that the press conference ended, without the protest committee being able to specify how long it will be prepared to wait for the government to enter into negotiations.
1587:, adopting a slogan: "European Union? The choice is yours!" Samoobrona stressed that joining the EU also entails dangers and drawbacks which are either downplayer or ignored. Lepper stressed that he personally "is in favour of the EU, but not under these conditions". The party treated the results of the referendum with scepticism - Lepper argued that with a much higher turnout, the No vote would have won. According to Piasecki, Lepper's analysis was likely correct, as the domination of pro-EU views in the media and endorsement of the EU by
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staunch opponent of the sentiment that Polish issues can be solved by integration with the West and the
European Union, which he dubbed "a fashion for foreignness". Lepper argued that any arrangements with the West will be inequal for Poland and make Poland exploited as an economically inferior country; he warned that Pland would be "economically erased from the map of the world." In reference to neoliberal policies such as privatization and austerity, Lepper considered them "economic genocide".
1392:, the Lepper's hunger strike "established a link between the visible suffering of the strikers and the cause they endorsed". In January 1992, the Trade Union of Agriculture 'Samoobrona' was registered. The political party, which initially appeared under the name Self-Defence Alliance, was instead registered on 12 June 1992. Its membership - apart from representatives of ZZR "Samoobrona" - also included activists from the Metalworkers' Trade Union and a Green faction headed by Jan Bryczkowski.
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2363:[Andrzej Lepper is one of the five most important political figures of the Third Republic of Poland. He is an example of a politician who was one of the first to reach for the tools of populism. And this populism is inherently left-wing. His social criticism was the first criticism of the Third Republic after the anti-circle offer (Kaczyński, Olszewski). He was a pioneer not only in Poland. He is a figure on the same shelf as Hugo Chávez and Evo Morales at the time.]
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address to the Sejm: "You have negotiated conditions that have led to the fact that today 5 million people in Poland are out of work, that 90 per cent of them are not entitled to benefits, that agricultural production has fallen by 40 per cent, and that pensioners have no money for medicine." Samoobrona also argued that the terms negotiated with the EU resulted in Poland being dominated by larger and richer countries, particularly
Germany and France.
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together with other farmers was not scrapped, but instead transformed into a trade union and then a political party. According to Lepper, as late as in summer 1991, the farmer protest committees in Darłowo and Zamość that would form
Samoobrona were not planning to become a trade union. However, the autumn hunger strike in Warsaw as well as Lepper's electoral bid in the 1991 elections, made protesting farmers supportive of the idea.
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back then, Lepper was considering proposing an alternative economic system to the capitalist one. The voivodeships of Zamość and
Koszalin became important centres of mobilizations around the issue of rural poverty and over-indebtedness. In Zamość, a protest committee was founded on 10 July, while on 27 July, the first iteration of Samoobrona, the Communal Agricultural Self-Defense Committee (
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1606:, argued that contary to his reputation as a vulgar populist, Lepper "was a really good minister of agriculture" whose conduct was professional yet tough. Wojciechowski credits Lepper with negotiating numerous concessions for Polish farmers and fruit producers from the European Union and sees this as proof that Lepper's "concern for the poor and excluded was not for show, but genuine".
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included declarations such as: "Capitalism is by no means an immutable constant. It must eventually make way for new forms of human relations and a new environmental morality. The new post-capitalist era is already emerging." Lepper also called for the return of socialism in Poland, arguing that it had "not yet reached full maturity". Lepper promoted socialism on the basis of the
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with
Ukraine, which for Lepper would have improved the negotiating position with Poland, and ensured that Poland would be "a partner rather than a supplicant" to the EU. Lepper argued that within the EU, Poland fulfills ‘the role of a third category country in the European Union. A country that is, in a semi-colonial way, a provider of young workforce and a market".
1519:. Lepper presented himself and his party as “the only one in Poland, which speaks in the name of all people”, and made it his goal to “defend pure and unemployed people, honest and enterprising, but disadvantaged by the economical system”. Lepper embodied the public discontent and social costs of the Balcerowicz Plan, an economic plan drafted by
1364:, KKSR), which was an informal formation with no official leadership, but came to be dominated by Lepper. Open clashes with police that took place during the protests of KKSR gained much attention and made the group be considered one of the main representatives of protesting farmers. Because of this, Lepper was invited to a meeting with
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do is to break it for the sake of the majority". Lepper himself appeared to be a restless man, not easily placated and not inclined to settle down as an officeholder, as his participation in Kaczyński's government showed. With the votes of the left-wing majority in the Sejm, in 2001 he was elected as Vice-Speaker of the Sejm (
1556:. He divided the Polish society into the ‘children of Balcerowicz’ which he described as businessmen who built 'capital empires' on privatization, as well as the ‘victims of Balcerowicz’ who "were robbed by Balcerowicz financial politics" and were plunged into poverty by the neoliberal shock therapy reforms.
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A few weeks before the referendum, Lepper declared it necessary "to renegotiate the arrangements concluded in
Copenhagen." Lepper and his party insisted they are not anti-European, but rather argued that the negotiated terms were unfavourable for the state and that Poland should enter the EU together
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On 14 November 1991, an agreement was concluded between the protesters and the government, which provided for a halt to the bailiff executions threatening farmers and the establishment of a special Fund and the Restructuring and Debt Relief of Agriculture. In November of the same year, an application
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We came here to discuss agricultural problems, not to demand anything. We don't want to organize a revolt, the peasants aren't going to demonstrate with pitchforks!", told journalists at a press conference held yesterday . Nevertheless, profound differences between the demonstrators became apparent
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policies of the EU exploit the poor, and sought to defend disadvantaged social classes such as "farmers, the unemployed, pensioners and all those dissatisfied with the changes in Poland after 1989 from the Union". Lepper was unsatisfied with the settlement Poland reached with the EU, stating in his
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notes that Lepper showed that while internationally the Polish capitalist transformation was celeberated as successful, in reality it "took place against a backdrop of repression of the workers, kidnappings and arrests of trade unionists, violent clashes with protesters or a mass exodus of desperate
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on 24 October. Balcerowicz was the Polish Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, whose name became synonymous with the neoliberal, monetarist and anti-social policies carried out in post-communist Poland. After a two hours long conversation, Lepper became convinced that the neoliberal reform
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Andrzej Lepper jest jedną z pięciu najważniejszych postaci politycznych III RP. To przykład polityka, który jako jeden z pierwszych sięgał po narzędzia populizmu. A ten populizm z natury jest lewicowy. Jego krytyka socjalna była pierwszą po ofercie antyokrągłostołowej (Kaczyński, Olszewski) krytyką
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Some of his many infamous quotes include "Capitalism is shaped to serve a small group of states", "We are a radical party, open to all disadvantaged people who are starving at home", and "If the law works against people and generally accepted notions of legality then it isn’t law. The only thing to
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Commenting on Lepper's political career, Polish historians Jerzy Łukowski and Hubert Zawadzki note that the Lepper won the support of those who had lost out from the post-communist changes since 1989 and became known as the protector of the poor against the "thieving elites" of Poland. On the other
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Lepper quickly attracted the interests of media and politicians, as well as the courts. His party gained notoriety through road blockades, protests and spilling imported grain from trains as to protest against the declining prices of agricultural products. While this forced Lepper to endure several
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Led by Lepper, the trade unionists consistently demanded the implementation of agreements concerning indebted farmers.They also decided to assert their interests through legal means, applying to the Constitutional Court to examine the compliance of the current banking law allowing variable interest
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As Lepper reported many years later, the idea to create a trade union and then a political movement was born after a meeting with Deputy Prime Minister Leszek Balcerowicz. Lepper said about the meeting: "Everything that happened afterwards - with me and Samoobrona - I therefore owe, to some extent,
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Referring to his membership in the PZPR (Polish communist party), Lepper said: "I have no regrets and absolutely no reason to be ashamed of being in the party". He defended Communist Poland as overall positive, noting that despite problems such as the overgrowth of the bureucracy and anti-Catholic
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The first time Lepper rose to a position of political leadership was in summer 1991, when he organized and led a farmer protest movement against the disastrous economic conditions in Polish agriculture and lack of state assistance to those impoverished by the ongoing capitalist transition. Already
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Lepper's communist background was also visible in his stances regarding foreign policy - he was critical of the European Union and favoured a pro-Eastern alignment of Poland. He accused pro-European parties of trying "to transform Poland into an outlet for the West's surplus production." He was a
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While Lepper failed to win a sat, the fact he received over 3000 votes for his name was seen as a demonstration that he had an ability to mobilize local networks of farmers in his favor. Because of this, the Provincial Farmers' Self-Defence Committee under which Lepper organized an electoral list
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On 9 July 2007, Prime Minister Kaczyński dismissed Lepper from the government, which Kaczyński said was due to suspicions that Lepper was involved in corruption. On 10 July, Lepper said that Samoobrona would withdraw from the ruling coalition, but later on the same day said that the party would
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Lepper was classified as a far-left populist, and was dubbed "Polish Chávez" by the international media. He has also been compared to figures such as José Bové, Evo Morales, and Juan Perón in that regard. He was known for his anti-capitalist rhetoric, and the pamphlets distributed by this party
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to five years for rape and taking sexual advantage of female members of his party. Lepper said that the entire case against him was "imagined", and that he would appeal the decision. In 2011, the court overturned the verdict against Lepper, citing procedural errors such as failure to take into
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later launched an investigation into the abuse allegations against both men. In February 2010 Andrzej Lepper was sentenced to two years and three months in jail after being found guilty of demanding and accepting sexual favours from female members of his Samoobrona party. The district court in
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After the SLD-PSL government collapsed, Lepper and the Samoobrona were growing increasingly supportive of the emerging Law and Justice party. The electoral collapse of the SLD, which as a fellow left-wing party was now the main competitor of Samoobrona, caused Lepper's party to become the most
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on 27 October. The electoral law for the Sejm and Senate in force at the time allowed committees to register in only one electoral district. His run in the elections was unsuccessful, due - as Lepper claimed - also to his lack of direct participation in the campaign. The list of the Provincial
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that dissolved the socialist planned economy in Poland in favor of a neoliberal market economy. This was achieved at the price of massive unemployment, layoffs and a 40% decline in real wages, as well as large expansion of income inequality and slashed welfare. Polish political scientist
1598:, but later toned down his position. During his tenure as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture, Lepper worked to support Polish agriculture within European structures and on his departure was described by EU officials as pragmatic and professional.
1795:. After his autopsy, foul play was ruled out, and the investigation ended in late 2012. It was determined that Lepper suffered from crushing depression due to his enormous debts on all fronts including at his farm, his political defeat and sex scandals.
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Self-Defense was ousted from the cabinet, over allegations that Lepper had accepted bribes for altering the legal status of farm land to residential land. However, an investigation by the anti-corruption bureau failed to produce any evidence for these
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office on 5 August 2011. Police said that he likely committed suicide. The public prosecutor's office conducted a year-long investigation to determine possible motives for his suicide. Lepper hanged himself from a ceiling hook for a
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In May 2001 Lepper was sentenced to sixteen months in prison. In May 2006 Polish students protested against the coalition government and also mocked Lepper's recent criminal conviction for slander, chanting "Lepper to prison".
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In the meantime, Poles have grown fed up, turning to extremists. In the poll, 23% supported Self-Defense, a farmers group led by Andrzej Lepper, a far-left populist in the José Bové mold. Two far-right parties got just over
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1642:), but after violating time constraints in debates he was dismissed. Among Lepper and SO's undertakings in parliament were such incidents as the use of their own loudspeakers in the Sejm and claims that
1196:. Lepper entered Polish politics in 1991 as the leader of farmer protests, and founded Self-Defence as a political party and trade union in 1992. His first political office was as councillor of the
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Piotr Kuligowski; Łukasz Moll; Jarosław Tomasiewicz; Jarosław Urbański; Aleksandra Bilewicz; Andrzej Leder; Remigiusz Okraska; Rafał Woś; Krzysztof Król; Stanisław Chankowski (28 November 2023).
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Piotr Kuligowski; Łukasz Moll; Jarosław Tomasiewicz; Jarosław Urbański; Aleksandra Bilewicz; Andrzej Leder; Remigiusz Okraska; Rafał Woś; Krzysztof Król; Stanisław Chankowski (28 November 2023).
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Piotr Kuligowski; Łukasz Moll; Jarosław Tomasiewicz; Jarosław Urbański; Aleksandra Bilewicz; Andrzej Leder; Remigiusz Okraska; Rafał Woś; Krzysztof Król; Stanisław Chankowski (28 November 2023).
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hand, Lepper alienated many by his blatant disregard for parliamentary procedures, its abusive behaviour in the Sejm, and its aggressive demonstrations and blockades across the country.
1499:(PiS) party in May 2006, assuming the office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Agriculture. His tenure was abruptly terminated in September 2006, but he was invited to rejoin
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1157:. He left a long-lasting impact on Polish politics, emerging as the "defender of the oppressed and (...) all working people, the weak, and the needy." He was particularly known for his
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Samoobrona (SRP) and Lepper successfully tapped into the disillusion felt by millions of poor citizens who had not benefited from Poland's transition to capitalism and entry into the
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1248:, a tiny hamlet of roughly 200 people. Formerly a thriving community, it became a place of socio-cultural impoverishment and economic struggle since Poland's transformation into a
1571:, Lepper's anti-EU stance was not based on nationalist, anti-Western or religious beliefs, but rather on Lepper's analysis of social class - he argued that the neoliberal and
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Farmers' Self-Defence Committee opened by the group's leader received only 3247 votes in constituency number 21, covering the then Koszalin and Słupsk voivodeships.
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Lepper was charged with criminal offenses, including assault, blocking roads and dumping grain on railroad tracks in the course of anti-government demonstrations (
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1775:) were held on 21 October 2007, after the Sejm voted for its own dissolution on 7 September. The party suffered huge voter backlash, and failed to cross the 5%
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As of 2007 Lepper faced criminal charges for slander and levelling corruption accusations against ministers and members of parliament (Financial Times, 2002).
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workers". Lepper's popularity only grew even as the plan brought economic growth by 2000, as this growth did not trickle down to the impoverished masses.
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1746:, initiated by Kaczynski and PiS, and he demanded that a parliamentary inquiry be conducted to investigate the legality and motivation of the
1476:, Lepper finished third and won 15.1% of the popular vote in the first round, a result that impressed the media. The second round was between
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1298:(PRL; 1947–1989). In 1992 Lepper formed his own political party, an organisation of economically struggling farmers like himself, naming it
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once from 5 May 2006 and 22 September 2006, and again from 16 October 2006 to 9 July 2007. Prior to entering politics he was a professional
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Drozd-Piasecka, Mirosława (2001). "Andrzej Lepper - chłopski przywódca charyzmatyczny? Wizerunek medialny przewodniczącego "Samoobrony"".
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2614:"Un parti, un syndicat ou un mouvement social? Samoobrona, une organisation caméléon dans les jeux politiques polonais post-communistes"
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had demanded sexual favours in exchange for a job in a regional Samoobrona party office. After the publication of these claims in the
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account Lepper's alibi. At the same time, Stanisław Łyżwiński's sentence was reduced from five years to three years and six months.
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3178:; Dirk Strijker; Ida Terluin (2015). "Contemporary Populism, the Agrarian and the Rural in Central Eastern and Western Europe". In
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operation mounted against him. This was one of the conditions put to PiS in return for Samoobrona remaining within the coalition.
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to bring public and mass media attention to the growing impoverishment of Polish agriculture. Lepper won 3.05% of the vote in the
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governments, both characterised by growing social and socio-economic injustice, especially experienced in the Polish countryside.
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3698:"Prokuratura ustaliła, dlaczego Andrzej Lepper popełnił samobójstwo (The public prosecutor's office determined suicide motives)"
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The core of Lepper's views was opposition to globalization, capitalism and neoliberalism, which Lepper considered epitomised by
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3005:""Populus Means the People, Ladies and Gentlemen." A Visual Archive of Peasant Protests during the Post-Socialist Transition"
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Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. From Post-Socialist Transition to the Global Financial Crisis
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1263:, yet did not undertake the final qualifying exam. He also had no formal higher education, but was presented with several
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Marczewska-Rytko, Maria (2014). "Kampania przed referendum akcesyjnym Polski do UE w kontekście doradztwa politycznego".
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1552:. Lepper's main electorate became former communists as well as former employees of socialist rural cooperatives known as
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popular party in Poland, according to the 2004 polls. However, the polls gradually stabilized, and by the time of the
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2796:"Social Poland' Defeats 'Liberal Poland'? The September–October 2005 Polish Parliamentary and Presidential Elections"
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that had deregulated and privatized Polish economy. Lepper considered the capitalist transition "economic genocide".
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2408:"Two faces of Polish populism: the causes of the success and fall of Self Defence and the League of Polish Families"
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Far-left populist Andrzej Lepper, feared by the financial markets, came third with around 13 per cent of the vote.
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Lepper organised anti-government demonstrations and other actions, most significantly against the politics of the
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2740:. The career of Andrzej Lepper: from local protest leader to Deputy Prime Minister. Routledge. pp. 316–318.
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III RP. Był pionierem nie tylko w skali Polski. To postać z tej samej półki, co wtedy Hugo Chávez i Evo Morales.
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global military operations. He was involved in promoting close relations with the country's eastern neighbours:
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On 6 November 1991, Lepper's group organized a hunger strike, which came to be considered as "spectacular". As
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This difference of opinion led to the formation of the National Committee for the Self-Defence of Agriculture (
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Rural protests quickly spread and attracted attention and support of major rural trade unions, such as the
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A farmer by trade, Lepper completed all course-work required at the State Agricultural Technical School in
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On 22 June 2008, by-elections were held for the Senate seat no. 21 because of the death of the incumbent
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remain in the coalition conditionally. Lepper claimed to have been the victim of a politically motivated
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reported that the ‘anti-enforcement brigades’ of Samoobrona saved more than 1,000 farmers from eviction.
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Lepper was one of the few high-profile politicians that consistently opposed Poland's involvement in
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Magia politycznych wizerunków w mediach: Aleksander Kwaśniewski i Andrzej Lepper: studium przypadków
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arrests and lawsuits, it also allowed him to build a reputation of a defender of the common people.
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3631:"Seksafera: Lepper wygrywa - sąd uchyla wyrok szefowi Samoobrony, zmniejsza Łyżwińskiemu (ZDJĘCIA)"
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965:
352:
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232:
185:
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41:
opinion quotes, instead of actual lead summary with basic facts such as his scandals and suicide.
5532:
4856:
4689:
4119:
3828:
3357:
3246:(in Polish) (1st ed.). Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. pp. 108–110.
3054:
2941:
2335:
256:
4255:
4169:
3965:
3594:"Earth Times: Show/308717,polands-former-deputy-prime-minister-jailed-for-sex-for-favours.HTML"
3503:
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4740:
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4709:
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3078:. SSEES Occasional Papers. London: School of Slavonic and East European Studies. p. 247.
907:
827:
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789:
754:
670:
665:
409:
1025:
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3243:
Więcej czy mniej Europy? UE i integracja europejska w dyskursie polskich partii politycznych
1779:
for Sejm representation. Consequently, it lost all its seats. Lepper was a candidate in the
842:
5708:
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5596:
4776:
4658:
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8:
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872:
759:
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553:
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533:
4822:
4781:
4735:
4275:
3329:"Stanowiska polskich partii politycznych wobec religii i Kościoła. Propozycja typologii"
1765:(LiS). On August 5, the party quit the ruling coalition, leaving it without a majority.
1544:
The political rhetoric of Lepper was also full of nostalgic references to the communist
897:
774:
45:
5601:
5234:
5219:
4643:
3112:
2464:
1723:, several other women came forward with similar accusations. Poland's chief prosecutor
1699:
1674:
1629:
1365:
1268:
1058:
867:
712:
653:
523:
4194:
4144:
4041:
3478:
2833:"Populiści w poszukiwaniu tożsamości – ideologiczne inspiracje Samoobrony (1991–2007)"
2699:
1638:
1376:
Lepper's Farmers' Self-Defence Committee made its first attempt to participate in the
5591:
5377:
5199:
4771:
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4444:
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1138:
659:
548:
302:
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1485:
1252:. During this transition period his farm, just like majority of small businesses in
5632:
5552:
5464:
5353:
5244:
5101:
5006:
4998:
4910:
4871:
4866:
4812:
4791:
4755:
4459:
4348:
4235:
4225:
3684:
3499:
3421:
3371:
3187:
3147:
3016:
2955:
2888:
2844:
2807:
2613:
2577:
2510:
2419:
2349:
1783:, but received just 1.28% of the votes and so did not proceed to the second round.
1772:
1724:
1538:
1340:
1170:
1030:
857:
528:
5343:
3458:
Science and Scholarship in Poland Information Service; retrieved 23 February 2007.
3020:
1137:. Known for his radical rhetoric and aggressive protests, Lepper was considered a
749:
5606:
5448:
5443:
5204:
5060:
4890:
4827:
4745:
4730:
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4204:
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3736:
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3535:
3473:
3455:
3425:
2228:
1743:
1719:
1496:
1489:
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as the party's candidate and received 15% of the vote, the third highest result.
1357:
1344:
1325:
1291:
1162:
1117:
887:
877:
682:
558:
4052:
2494:. Frankfurt an der Oder: European University Viadrina Frankfurt Oder. p. 5.
493:
5382:
4679:
4607:
4571:
4159:
4114:
4016:
3955:
2423:
2264:
1754:
1647:
1516:
1408:
1142:
917:
807:
697:
397:
5045:
3500:
ADL Condemns Polish Deputy PM for Accepting Honor from Anti-Semitic University
3191:
2892:
2811:
2488:
1146:
1133:
politician, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Agriculture, and the leader of
642:
5697:
5265:
5055:
4832:
4786:
4469:
4454:
4434:
4220:
4154:
4021:
3940:
3925:
3757:
3344:
3101:"Poland's Accession into the European Union: Parties, Policies and Paradoxes"
2737:
Political Leadership, Parties and Citizens: The personalisation of leadership
2661:
2551:
2431:
1713:
In December 2006, a female party member claimed that Lepper and party deputy
1610:
1572:
1549:
1520:
1457:, making it the third biggest party in the Sejm. Andrzej Lepper stood in the
1130:
1070:
990:
593:
587:
568:
197:
4663:
4591:
4555:
2760:
2447:
Re-Branding A Nation Online: Discourses on Polish Nationalism and Patriotism
1245:
1154:
812:
441:
5065:
1792:
1670:
1583:
Ultimately however, Lepper and his party took a neutral stance towards the
1313:
892:
817:
764:
692:
603:
3376:
3359:
2960:
2943:
2849:
2832:
2514:
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2337:
5576:
5361:
4648:
4179:
4139:
4104:
4099:
4031:
4011:
3975:
3910:
3811:
3774:
3548:
The Institute for Ethics and Economic Policy (IEEP) at Fordham University
2975:
1595:
1477:
1412:
1389:
1150:
725:
518:
244:
209:
4612:
4318:
Ministers of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Republic of Poland
3116:
3100:
3073:
1278:
Lepper was married and together with his wife Irena had three children.
1224:. He was also a candidate in the Polish parliamentary elections between
3395:(in Polish). Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego. p. 159.
2918:"Populist Politics and Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe"
1689:
1299:
744:
618:
3174:
1495:
Lepper led the Samoobrona party to form a majority coalition with the
1430:, receiving 1.3% of the vote. In 2000, Samoobrona organised campaigns
1333:
503:
2578:"Poland's Elections: Andrzej Zbigniew Lepper – Peasantry's Iron Fist"
1442:, Lepper's party entered the lower chamber of the Polish Parliament (
1208:
coalition. He was a candidate in the Polish presidential election in
675:
623:
608:
2682:"Jak na ziemi darłowskiej rodziła się "Samoobrona" (część pierwsza)"
1945:
1921:
1897:
1873:
1849:
1447:
943:
3666:"Polish Self Defense Party Quits Coalition; Early Elections Loom"
3151:
1655:
1622:
1614:
1272:
2733:
4325:
3517:
The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia
3292:
Former Polish deputy premier tainted by sleaze and graft claims
2916:
Mesežnikov, Grigorij; Gyárfášová, Oľga; Smilov, Daniel (2008).
1787:
1618:
1253:
1189:
613:
458:
2489:"Nationalism and anti-EU mobilization in postsocialist Europe"
1453:
Lepper's party received 11.4% of the vote and 56 seats in the
3529:
Polish Students March in Warsaw, Protest Coalition Government
1728:
central Poland also sentenced former Samoobrona party deputy
1469:, Samoobrona only won the amount of support it had in 2001.
1591:
resulted in most EU opponents not voting in the referendun.
3519:, International Herald Tribune; retrieved 7 September 2013.
3360:"Andrzej Lepper: kryzys transformacji i polityka populizmu"
2944:"Andrzej Lepper: kryzys transformacji i polityka populizmu"
2338:"Andrzej Lepper: kryzys transformacji i polityka populizmu"
1666:
1443:
3894:
2915:
2507:
Activists Forever? Long-Term Impacts of Political Activism
2980:
Aftershock: A Journey into Eastern Europe's Broken Dreams
2761:
Catherine Fieschi; Marley Morris; Lila Caballero (2013).
1369:
pursued by Balcerowicz needs to be stopped at all costs.
5734:
Deputy Marshals of the Sejm of the Third Polish Republic
3221:(2004). "Referendum akcesyjne z 2003 r. Próba bilansu".
2646:"Miejsce Samoobrony RP w typologii partii politycznych"
2379:
Populizm w polskiej polityce: Analiza dyskursu polityki
1275:) in recognition of his work, commitment and outreach.
1256:, found itself on a verge of bankruptcy, but survived.
1681:
strongly condemned Lepper for accepting these titles.
4517:
Deputy Marshals of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland
3733:
Information about Andrzej Lepper on the Sejm website.
2650:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego W Krakowie
2634:"Czekamy na kredyt", Gazeta Wyborcza, 11/10/1991, p.2
2418:(1). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht: 129–138.
2800:
Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
1761:, announced a merger of their parties, to be called
1169:) slogan, which he coined to protest the neoliberal
5789:
Candidates in the 2010 Polish presidential election
5784:
Candidates in the 2005 Polish presidential election
5779:
Candidates in the 2000 Polish presidential election
5774:
Candidates in the 1995 Polish presidential election
3275:(42). Lublin: Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej.
3184:
Rural Protest Groups and Populist Political Parties
3146:. Florence: Taylor & Francis Ltd. p. 133.
3071:
2688:(in Polish). Archiwum Urzędu Miejskiego w Darłowie.
5809:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland politicians
3390:
3285:
2931:. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs: 77–98.
2704:The Populist Radical Right in Poland: The Patriots
2260:"Polish rightist presidential rivals face run-off"
4082:
3469:"Lepper odebrał w Moskwie doktorat honoris causa"
3229:(2). Annales Academiae Paedagogicae Cracoviensis.
3136:
2866:"SLD nie poparł nikogo, Samoobrona za Kaczyńskim"
2789:
2787:
1548:, especially in regards to the rule of reformist
1286:For two years (1978–1980) he was a member of the
5695:
3849:Leader of Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
3266:
2887:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 410–449.
2882:
1669:, a private institution which actively promotes
1585:2003 Polish European Union membership referendum
1141:populist, compared to left-wing figures such as
3186:. Wageningen Academic Publishers. p. 172.
3033:
2764:Populist Fantasies: European revolts in context
1757:, chairman of another junior coalition partner
99:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
3072:Zarycki, Tomasz; Kolankiewicz, George (2003).
3009:View. Theories and Practices of Visual Culture
2784:
2537:
2504:
2444:
5491:
5292:
5133:
4937:
4501:
4302:
4068:
3880:
3477:(in Polish). 12 February 2007. Archived from
3308:
3052:
2406:Moroska, Aleksandra; Zuba, Krzysztof (2010).
1663:Interregional Academy of Personnel Management
1182:Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development
1090:
3695:
2643:
2217:
1510:
5804:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland MEPs
3620:, AFP (The Australian reprint), 12 Feb 2010
3420:. Cambridge University Press. p. 154.
3213:
3211:
2827:
2734:Jean Blondel; Jean-Louis Thiebault (2009).
2405:
1840:Provincial Farmers' Self-Defence Committee
1467:2004 European Parliament election in Poland
1303:
5498:
5484:
5299:
5285:
5140:
5126:
4944:
4930:
4508:
4494:
4309:
4295:
4075:
4061:
3887:
3873:
3550:, Fordham.edu; retrieved 7 September 2013.
3333:Studia Politicae Universitatis Silesiensis
3320:
3239:
3002:
2883:Lukowski, Jerzy; Zawadzki, Hubert (2019).
2793:
2702:(2010). "Self-Defence: Radical Populism".
2679:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2482:
2480:
2469:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2438:
1332:) was founded in Lepper's home village of
1097:
1083:
708:Polish resistance movement in World War II
145:
3649:"Polish leader considers early elections"
3415:
3384:
3375:
3326:
3098:
2959:
2857:
2848:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2698:
2692:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2376:
2353:
2331:
2329:
123:Learn how and when to remove this message
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
3418:Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe
3279:
3217:
3208:
2823:
2821:
2505:Fillieule, Olivier; Neveu, Erik (2019).
2498:
2486:
2309:
2307:
1771:for both houses of parliament (Sejm and
1688:
1567:According to Polish political scientist
1480:, the leader of centre-right neoliberal
1373:to that conversation of 10 years ago".
1290:(PZPR), Poland's equivalent of a formal
3685:BBC News – Poland's Andrzej Lepper dead
3538:, bloomberg.com; accessed 13 June 2016.
3065:
2863:
2668:
2575:
2477:
2372:
2370:
2017:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1993:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1936:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1912:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1888:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1864:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1753:On 16 July 2007, Lepper, together with
1654:engaged in the gemstone trade with the
1232:, becoming elected in 2001 and then in
276:5 May 2006 – 22 September 2006
171:5 May 2006 – 22 September 2006
5824:Polish politicians convicted of crimes
5814:Polish politicians who died by suicide
5696:
3015:(31). Translated by Jan Szelągiewicz.
2974:
2935:
2720:
2611:
2596:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2326:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2254:
2252:
2037:
1135:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1129:; 13 June 1954 – 5 August 2011) was a
954:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
330:16 October 2006 – 9 July 2007
222:16 October 2006 – 9 July 2007
5479:
5280:
5121:
4925:
4489:
4290:
4056:
3868:
3689:
3574:from the original on 23 February 2007
3559:
3286:Jaroslaw Adamowski (25 August 2011).
2909:
2864:Ilnicki, Grzegorz (18 October 2005).
2818:
2531:
2304:
1455:September 2005 parliamentary election
1116:
387:26 October 2005 – 9 May 2006
5799:Polish United Workers' Party members
5729:Members of the Polish Sejm 2005–2007
5724:Members of the Polish Sejm 2001–2005
2367:
1798:
1362:Krajowy Komitet Samoobrony Rolnictwa
79:
18:
3664:Dorota Bartyzel and Marta Waldoch,
3034:Gabriele Lesser (3 February 1999).
2558:
2313:
2275:
2249:
1684:
1677:and an honorary professorship. The
1330:Gminny Komitet Samoobrony Rolnictwa
1281:
13:
3897:Cabinet of Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
3618:Ex-deputy PM jailed for sex crimes
3391:Czechowska-Derkacz, Beata (2012).
3137:Igor Guardiancich (October 2009).
3075:Regional Issues in Polish Politics
2680:Walkiewicz, Leszek (14 May 2021).
2584:from the original on 10 March 2007
2445:Kania-Lundholm, Magdalena (2012).
1459:October 2005 presidential election
1378:1991 Polish parliamentary election
1226:1991 Polish parliamentary election
1198:West Pomeranian Voivodeship Sejmik
1016:Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
14:
5840:
5513:2010 Polish presidential election
5314:2005 Polish presidential election
5155:2000 Polish presidential election
4959:1995 Polish presidential election
4326:Republic of Poland (1989-present)
3723:
3696:Marcin Kącki (19 December 2012).
3560:Kącki, Marcin (4 December 2006).
3515:Gelb, Leslie H. (30 August 2013)
3314:"Trzy zasługi Leppera dla Polski"
2612:Pellen, Cédric (26 August 2010).
2580:. Axis Information and Analysis.
2576:Araloff, Simon (3 October 2005).
1781:2010 Polish presidential election
1736:
1604:Member of the European Parliament
1474:2005 Polish presidential election
1422:As a party leader, he challenged
1200:, which he was elected to in the
1001:Polish People's Party (1945-1949)
5714:Deputy prime ministers of Poland
5541:
5342:
5183:
4987:
3053:Amelie Kutter (25 August 1999).
2487:Beichelt, Timm (27 March 2003).
1537:and the tradition of the Polish
1118:[ˈandʐɛjˈzbiɡɲɛfˈlɛppɛr]
1064:
1052:
502:
84:
23:
5719:Agriculture ministers of Poland
3819:Deputy Prime Minister of Poland
3765:Deputy Prime Minister of Poland
3678:
3675:, Bloomberg.com, 5 August 2007.
3658:
3641:
3623:
3611:
3586:
3553:
3541:
3522:
3509:
3493:
3461:
3442:
3416:Cas Mudde (22 September 2009).
3409:
3351:
3302:
3260:
3233:
3168:
3130:
3092:
3046:
3036:"Polens radikaler Bauernführer"
3027:
2996:
2968:
2876:
2754:
2637:
2628:
2096:
1503:'s cabinet on 16 October 2006.
1446:). Lepper was elected from the
159:Deputy Prime Minister of Poland
2982:. Zed Books Ltd. p. 202.
2509:. Cambridge University Press.
2399:
996:Polish-Catholic People's Party
1:
5819:Suicides by hanging in Poland
4084:Cabinet of Jarosław Kaczyński
3562:"Praca za seks w Samoobronie"
3506:; retrieved 23 February 2007.
3327:Kowalczyk, Krzysztof (2015).
2770:. Counterpoint. p. 390.
2412:Totalitarismus und Demokratie
2242:
1786:Lepper was found dead in his
1769:Early parliamentary elections
1748:Central Anticorruption Bureau
1239:
1186:cabinet of Jarosław Kaczyński
1011:Polish People's Party "Piast"
16:Polish politician (1954–2011)
3653:International Herald Tribune
3426:10.1017/CBO9780511492037.002
3240:Styczyńska, Natasza (2018).
2644:Lisiakiewicz, Rafał (2014).
1288:Polish United Workers' Party
1006:Polish People's Party "Left"
698:Peasants' movement in Poland
7:
5769:20th-century Polish farmers
4185:Kazimierz Michał Ujazdowski
3981:Kazimierz Michał Ujazdowski
3742:Official Samoobrona website
3637:(in Polish). 30 March 2011.
3021:10.36854/widok/2021.31.2471
2885:A Concise History of Poland
2314:Wos, Rafal (20 July 2007).
2231:party. The seat was won by
1440:2001 parliamentary election
1202:1998 Polish local elections
976:Conservative People's Party
10:
5845:
3055:"Lepper, der Bauernfänger"
3003:Szcześniak, Magda (2021).
2794:Szczerbiak, Aleks (2007).
2424:10.13109/tode.2010.7.1.123
1436:2000 presidential election
1428:1995 presidential election
375:Deputy Marshal of the Sejm
5744:People from Słupsk County
5620:
5569:
5550:
5539:
5525:
5457:
5431:
5370:
5351:
5340:
5326:
5258:
5192:
5181:
5167:
5084:
5018:
4996:
4985:
4971:
4880:
4862:Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska
4841:
4818:Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska
4800:
4764:
4718:
4672:
4631:
4600:
4564:
4528:
4324:
4213:
4090:
4004:
3903:
3855:
3846:
3840:
3835:
3825:
3816:
3808:
3798:
3789:
3781:
3771:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3288:"Andrzej Lepper obituary"
3269:Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
3192:10.3920/978-90-8686-807-0
2893:10.1017/9781108333993.012
2812:10.1080/13523270701317463
2377:Przyłęcki, Paweł (2012).
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
1956:
1759:League of Polish Families
1602:, a long-standing Polish
1511:Political style and views
1267:awards, including by the
475:
465:
448:
424:
419:
415:
403:
391:
380:
373:
361:
346:
334:
323:
308:
296:
280:
269:
262:
250:
238:
226:
215:
203:
191:
175:
164:
157:
153:
144:
137:
4450:Jan Krzysztof Ardanowski
4271:Joanna Kluzik-Rostkowska
3836:Party political offices
3449:Professorship for Lepper
3042:(in German). p. 13.
2449:. Uppsala. p. 105.
2210:
1673:awarded Lepper with two
1554:State Agricultural Farms
1546:Polish People's Republic
1535:Catholic social teaching
1347:reported on 11 October:
1296:Polish People's Republic
853:Malinowski (Maksymilian)
37:may need to be rewritten
5439:Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
5031:Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz
4577:Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
3946:Krzysztof Michałkiewicz
3936:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
3792:Minister of Agriculture
3454:March 17, 2007, at the
1803:
1763:League and Self-Defense
1398:Leszek Józef Walkiewicz
1167:Balcerowicz musi odejść
1110:Andrzej Zbigniew Lepper
971:Christian-Peasant Party
429:Andrzej Zbigniew Lepper
287:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
264:Minister of Agriculture
182:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
39:. The reason given is:
5794:Polish Roman Catholics
5511:← Candidates in the
5312:← Candidates in the
5175:Aleksander Kwaśniewski
5153:← Candidates in the
4979:Aleksander Kwaśniewski
4957:← Candidates in the
4587:Aleksander Małachowski
4200:Piotr Grzegorz Woźniak
3504:Anti-Defamation League
2316:"Der polnische Chavez"
2141:Aleksander Kwaśniewski
2113:2nd round endorsement
1694:
1693:Andrzej Lepper in 2007
1679:Anti-Defamation League
1424:Aleksander Kwaśniewski
1361:
1354:
1329:
1166:
1059:Agriculture portal
949:Polish People's Party
720:Republic of Tarnobrzeg
539:Co-operative economics
4896:Włodzimierz Czarzasty
4852:Włodzimierz Czarzasty
4394:Józef Jerzy Pilarczyk
3377:10.19195/prt.2023.2.1
3310:Wojciechowski, Janusz
3040:Die Tageszeitung: Taz
2961:10.19195/prt.2023.2.1
2850:10.19195/prt.2023.2.2
2829:Tomasiewicz, Jarosław
2618:10e Congrès de l'AFSP
2515:10.1017/9781108690928
2381:(in Polish). Warsaw:
2355:10.19195/prt.2023.2.1
1692:
1650:Platforma Obywatelska
1349:
1178:Deputy Prime Minister
1114:Polish pronunciation:
1039:United People's Party
1026:Radical Peasant Party
1021:Polish People's Union
688:Land reform in Poland
495:Agrarianism in Poland
5829:21st-century farmers
5739:MEPs for Poland 2004
5597:Grzegorz Napieralski
5533:Bronisław Komorowski
5458:Died before election
5071:Kazimierz Piotrowicz
4857:Małgorzata Gosiewska
4801:8th term (2015–2019)
4777:Eugeniusz Grzeszczak
4765:7th term (2011–2015)
4719:6th term (2007–2011)
4690:Bronisław Komorowski
4673:5th term (2005–2007)
4659:Janusz Wojciechowski
4654:Kazimierz Ujazdowski
4632:4th term (2001–2005)
4618:Franciszek Stefaniuk
4601:3rd term (1997–2001)
4565:2nd term (1993–1997)
4529:1st term (1991–1993)
4430:Wojciech Mojzesowicz
4251:Wojciech Mojzesowicz
4120:Przemysław Gosiewski
3829:Przemysław Gosiewski
3802:Wojciech Mojzesowicz
3364:Praktyka Teoretyczna
2948:Praktyka Teoretyczna
2837:Praktyka Teoretyczna
2342:Praktyka Teoretyczna
2296:. 20 February 2004.
2225:Andrzej Mazurkiewicz
1600:Janusz Wojciechowski
1526:Jarosław Tomasiewicz
1432:blocking major roads
1265:doctor honoris causa
1250:market-based economy
368:Wojciech Mojzesowicz
257:Przemysław Gosiewski
5764:Catholic socialists
5749:Left-wing populists
5683:Waldemar Urbanowski
5582:Janusz Korwin-Mikke
5403:Janusz Korwin-Mikke
5398:Jarosław Kalinowski
5215:Janusz Korwin-Mikke
5210:Jarosław Kalinowski
5036:Janusz Korwin-Mikke
4906:Monika Wielichowska
4741:Stefan Niesiołowski
4726:Jarosław Kalinowski
4710:Genowefa Wiśniowska
4705:Wojciech Olejniczak
4685:Jarosław Kalinowski
4389:Wojciech Olejniczak
4379:Jarosław Kalinowski
4364:Jarosław Kalinowski
4231:Aleksander Szczygło
4190:Zbigniew Wassermann
3986:Zbigniew Wassermann
3481:on 21 February 2007
3223:Studia Politologica
2383:Wydawnictwo Sejmowe
2293:Wall Street Journal
2268:. 10 October 2005.
2118:# of overall votes
2038:Regional assemblies
1777:electoral threshold
1730:Stanisław Łyżwiński
1715:Stanisław Łyżwiński
1675:honorary doctorates
1644:Robert Smoktunowicz
1639:Wicemarszałek Sejmu
1244:Lepper was born in
1194:Zielnowo, Pomerania
1159:Balcerowicz must go
671:Battle of Racławice
666:Kościuszko Uprising
599:Agricultural policy
544:Social conservatism
534:Christian democracy
410:Genowefa Wiśniowska
5754:Left-wing populism
5648:Krzysztof Mazurski
5643:Bartłomiej Kurzeja
5628:Zdzisław Jankowski
5621:Rejected from race
5602:Andrzej Olechowski
5561:Jarosław Kaczyński
5423:Stanisław Tymiński
5235:Andrzej Olechowski
5220:Marian Krzaklewski
4808:Joachim Brudziński
4751:Jerzy Szmajdziński
4475:Czesław Siekierski
4423:Jarosław Kaczyński
4410:Jarosław Kaczyński
4135:Jarosław Kaczyński
3750:Political offices
3735:Archived from the
3671:2007-09-30 at the
3534:2009-06-26 at the
3099:Ray Taras (2003).
2203:Jarosław Kaczyński
2121:% of overall vote
1700:The New York Times
1695:
1630:Leszek Balcerowicz
1594:Lepper remained a
1501:Jarosław Kaczyński
1366:Leszek Balcerowicz
1269:University of Kyiv
1192:in the village of
858:Malinowski (Roman)
713:Peasant Battalions
654:Galician slaughter
524:Agrarian socialism
353:Jarosław Kaczyński
341:Jarosław Kaczyński
315:Jarosław Kaczyński
291:Jarosław Kaczyński
233:Jarosław Kaczyński
186:Jarosław Kaczyński
103:You can assist by
5759:Far-left politics
5691:
5690:
5668:Bogdan Szpryngiel
5592:Kornel Morawiecki
5520:
5510:
5473:
5472:
5378:Henryka Bochniarz
5321:
5311:
5274:
5273:
5200:Dariusz Grabowski
5162:
5152:
5115:
5114:
5076:Tadeusz Zieliński
5011:
4966:
4956:
4919:
4918:
4772:Cezary Grabarczyk
4695:Marek Kotlinowski
4582:Olga Krzyżanowska
4483:
4482:
4445:Krzysztof Jurgiel
4440:Stanisław Kalemba
4399:Krzysztof Jurgiel
4369:Jacek Janiszewski
4359:Roman Jagieliński
4354:Andrzej Śmietanko
4284:
4283:
4256:Władysław Stasiak
4246:Elżbieta Jakubiak
4241:Mariusz Błaszczak
4175:Radosław Sikorski
4170:Michał Seweryński
4125:Wojciech Jasiński
4050:
4049:
4027:Wojciech Jasiński
3971:Radosław Sikorski
3966:Michał Seweryński
3921:Krzysztof Jurgiel
3863:
3862:
3856:Succeeded by
3826:Succeeded by
3799:Succeeded by
3785:Krzysztof Jurgiel
3772:Succeeded by
3402:978-83-7326-881-4
3312:(6 August 2011).
3253:978-83-233-9778-6
3219:Piasecki, Andrzej
3105:The Polish Review
2989:978-1-78360-950-5
2777:978-1-909499-06-5
2747:978-1-135-17921-2
2713:978-0-203-85656-7
2540:Etnografia Polska
2524:978-1-108-42872-9
2456:978-91-506-2302-4
2208:
2207:
2094:
2093:
2035:
2034:
1954:
1953:
1799:Electoral history
1589:Pope John Paul II
1107:
1106:
1071:Poland portal
549:Liberal economics
479:
478:
357:
319:
303:Krzysztof Jurgiel
133:
132:
125:
78:
77:
70:
50:lead layout guide
5836:
5658:Roman Sklepowicz
5633:Gabriel Janowski
5570:Other candidates
5545:
5516:
5506:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5477:
5476:
5465:Daniel Podrzycki
5371:Other candidates
5346:
5317:
5307:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5278:
5277:
5240:Bogdan Pawłowski
5193:Other candidates
5187:
5158:
5148:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5119:
5118:
5107:Bogdan Pawłowski
5102:Leszek Moczulski
5097:Marek Markiewicz
5019:Other candidates
5009:
4991:
4962:
4952:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4923:
4922:
4911:Piotr Zgorzelski
4901:Dorota Niedziela
4872:Piotr Zgorzelski
4867:Ryszard Terlecki
4823:Stanisław Tyszka
4813:Ryszard Terlecki
4792:Jerzy Wenderlich
4782:Marek Kuchciński
4756:Jerzy Wenderlich
4736:Marek Kuchciński
4546:Jacek Kurczewski
4510:
4503:
4496:
4487:
4486:
4460:Henryk Kowalczyk
4349:Gabriel Janowski
4311:
4304:
4297:
4288:
4287:
4276:Marek Gróbarczyk
4266:Mirosław Barszcz
4236:Janusz Kaczmarek
4226:Andrzej Aumiller
4077:
4070:
4063:
4054:
4053:
3904:Original members
3889:
3882:
3875:
3866:
3865:
3841:Preceded by
3809:Preceded by
3782:Preceded by
3755:Preceded by
3747:
3746:
3731:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3693:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3662:
3656:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3627:
3621:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3596:. Archived from
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3526:
3520:
3513:
3507:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3465:
3459:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3324:
3318:
3317:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3294:. The Guardian.
3283:
3277:
3276:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3215:
3206:
3205:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3145:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2922:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2769:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2731:
2718:
2717:
2700:Pankowski, Rafał
2696:
2690:
2689:
2677:
2666:
2665:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2609:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2573:
2556:
2555:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2460:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2357:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2311:
2302:
2301:
2284:
2273:
2272:
2256:
2236:
2221:
2161:No second round
2152:537,570 (3,05%)
2101:
2100:
2042:
2041:
1961:
1960:
1808:
1807:
1725:Janusz Kaczmarek
1685:Criminal charges
1648:Civic Platform (
1569:Andrzej Piasecki
1539:peasant movement
1341:Rural Solidarity
1319:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1282:Political career
1171:Balcerowicz Plan
1128:
1127:
1126:
1120:
1115:
1099:
1092:
1085:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1035:
1031:Rural Solidarity
529:Anti-clericalism
506:
496:
481:
480:
455:
438:
436:
420:Personal details
406:
394:
385:
364:
355:
349:
337:
328:
317:
311:
299:
283:
274:
253:
241:
229:
220:
206:
194:
178:
169:
149:
135:
134:
128:
121:
117:
114:
108:
88:
87:
80:
73:
66:
62:
59:
53:
46:improve the lead
27:
26:
19:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5833:
5694:
5693:
5692:
5687:
5616:
5612:Bogusław Ziętek
5607:Waldemar Pawlak
5565:
5546:
5537:
5521:
5504:
5474:
5469:
5453:
5449:Zbigniew Religa
5444:Maciej Giertych
5427:
5366:
5347:
5338:
5322:
5305:
5275:
5270:
5254:
5250:Tadeusz Wilecki
5230:Jan Łopuszański
5205:Piotr Ikonowicz
5188:
5179:
5163:
5146:
5116:
5111:
5080:
5061:Waldemar Pawlak
5014:
4992:
4983:
4967:
4950:
4920:
4915:
4891:Krzysztof Bosak
4876:
4837:
4828:Barbara Dolniak
4796:
4760:
4746:Krzysztof Putra
4731:Ewa Kierzkowska
4714:
4668:
4627:
4623:Stanisław Zając
4596:
4560:
4524:
4514:
4484:
4479:
4339:Janusz Byliński
4334:Czesław Janicki
4320:
4315:
4285:
4280:
4261:Ryszard Legutko
4209:
4205:Zbigniew Ziobro
4195:Rafał Wiechecki
4165:Zbigniew Religa
4145:Stanisław Kluza
4130:Antoni Jaszczak
4110:Grażyna Gęsicka
4092:
4086:
4081:
4051:
4046:
4042:Rafał Wiechecki
4000:
3996:Zbigniew Ziobro
3961:Zbigniew Religa
3931:Teresa Lubińska
3916:Grażyna Gęsicka
3899:
3893:
3859:
3852:
3844:
3831:
3822:
3814:
3804:
3795:
3787:
3777:
3768:
3760:
3729:
3726:
3721:
3720:
3710:
3708:
3706:Gazeta Wyborcza
3694:
3690:
3683:
3679:
3673:Wayback Machine
3663:
3659:
3655:, 10 July 2007.
3646:
3642:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3616:
3612:
3603:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3577:
3575:
3567:Gazeta Wyborcza
3558:
3554:
3546:
3542:
3536:Wayback Machine
3527:
3523:
3514:
3510:
3498:
3494:
3484:
3482:
3474:Gazeta Wyborcza
3467:
3466:
3462:
3456:Wayback Machine
3447:
3443:
3436:
3414:
3410:
3403:
3389:
3385:
3356:
3352:
3325:
3321:
3307:
3303:
3284:
3280:
3265:
3261:
3254:
3238:
3234:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3143:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3070:
3066:
3051:
3047:
3032:
3028:
3001:
2997:
2990:
2973:
2969:
2940:
2936:
2920:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2881:
2877:
2862:
2858:
2826:
2819:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2767:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2732:
2721:
2714:
2697:
2693:
2678:
2669:
2642:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2610:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2574:
2559:
2536:
2532:
2525:
2503:
2499:
2491:
2485:
2478:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2443:
2439:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2385:. p. 149.
2375:
2368:
2334:
2327:
2312:
2305:
2288:"Miller's Tale"
2286:
2285:
2276:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2233:Stanisław Zając
2229:Law and Justice
2222:
2218:
2213:
2099:
2075:Social Alliance
2057:
2052:
2040:
1976:
1971:
1959:
1823:
1818:
1806:
1801:
1744:sting operation
1739:
1720:Gazeta Wyborcza
1687:
1646:of the liberal
1513:
1497:Law and Justice
1490:Law and Justice
1345:Gazeta Wyborcza
1317:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1292:communist party
1284:
1242:
1206:Social Alliance
1204:as part of the
1122:
1121:
1113:
1103:
1065:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1044:
1043:
1033:
936:
928:
927:
838:Kosiniak-Kamysz
803:
795:
794:
740:
732:
731:
703:Peasants' Union
683:Lanckorona Pact
649:Galician famine
637:
629:
628:
582:
574:
573:
559:Parliamentarism
514:
494:
466:Political party
457:
453:
440:
434:
432:
431:
430:
404:
392:
386:
381:
362:
347:
335:
329:
324:
309:
297:
289:
281:
275:
270:
251:
239:
227:
221:
216:
204:
192:
184:
176:
170:
165:
140:
129:
118:
112:
109:
102:
89:
85:
74:
63:
57:
54:
43:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5842:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5653:Paweł Pietrzyk
5650:
5645:
5640:
5638:Dariusz Kosiur
5635:
5630:
5624:
5622:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5587:Andrzej Lepper
5584:
5579:
5573:
5571:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5563:
5557:
5555:
5548:
5547:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5522:
5503:
5502:
5495:
5488:
5480:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5461:
5459:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5408:Andrzej Lepper
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5383:Marek Borowski
5380:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5358:
5356:
5349:
5348:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5334:Lech Kaczyński
5330:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5304:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5281:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5225:Andrzej Lepper
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5189:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5177:
5171:
5169:
5165:
5164:
5145:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5122:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5092:Lech Kaczyński
5088:
5086:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5051:Andrzej Lepper
5048:
5043:
5041:Tadeusz Koźluk
5038:
5033:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
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4700:Andrzej Lepper
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4676:
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4639:Andrzej Lepper
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4608:Marek Borowski
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4551:Dariusz Wójcik
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4160:Jerzy Polaczek
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4150:Andrzej Lepper
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4115:Roman Giertych
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4037:Andrzej Lepper
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4017:Roman Giertych
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3999:
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3956:Jerzy Polaczek
3953:
3951:Andrzej Mikosz
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3724:External links
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3647:Judy Dempsey,
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3176:Gerrit Voerman
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3160:
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2925:Working Papers
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2806:(2): 203–232.
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2015:
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1805:
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1755:Roman Giertych
1738:
1737:Fall and death
1735:
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1517:European Union
1512:
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1486:Lech Kaczyński
1482:Civic Platform
1450:constituency.
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660:Kasy Stefczyka
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456:(aged 57)
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398:Marek Borowski
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336:Prime Minister
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228:Prime Minister
224:
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173:
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142:
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139:Andrzej Lepper
138:
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92:
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83:
76:
75:
32:The article's
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29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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5830:
5827:
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5684:
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5673:Ludwik Wasiak
5671:
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5393:Liwiusz Ilasz
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5302:
5297:
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5288:
5283:
5282:
5279:
5267:
5266:Jan Olszewski
5264:
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5056:Jan Olszewski
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4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4834:
4833:Beata Mazurek
4831:
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4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
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4793:
4790:
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4787:Wanda Nowicka
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4645:
4644:Tomasz Nałęcz
4642:
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4470:Anna Gembicka
4468:
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4458:
4456:
4455:Grzegorz Puda
4453:
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4435:Marek Sawicki
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4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
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4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4221:Zyta Gilowska
4219:
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4206:
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4158:
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4155:Tomasz Lipiec
4153:
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4022:Zyta Gilowska
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4003:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3991:Piotr Woźniak
3989:
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3944:
3942:
3941:Stefan Meller
3939:
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3927:
3926:Tomasz Lipiec
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3758:Zyta Gilowska
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3635:Gazeta Prawna
3632:
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3600:on 2012-09-13
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3570:(in Polish).
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3110:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3068:
3060:
3056:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2950:(in Polish).
2949:
2945:
2938:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2904:
2902:9781108333993
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2879:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2839:(in Polish).
2838:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2715:
2709:
2706:. Routledge.
2705:
2701:
2695:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2652:(in Polish).
2651:
2647:
2640:
2631:
2623:
2620:(in French).
2619:
2615:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2583:
2579:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2542:(in Polish).
2541:
2534:
2526:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2501:
2490:
2483:
2481:
2472:
2466:
2458:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2394:
2392:9788376661858
2388:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2371:
2362:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2344:(in Polish).
2343:
2339:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2308:
2300:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2248:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2216:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2102:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2030:
2028:
2027:Subcarpathian
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1734:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1573:laissez-faire
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1550:Edward Gierek
1547:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1522:
1521:Jeffrey Sachs
1518:
1508:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1125:
1119:
1111:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
991:Piast Faction
989:
987:
984:
982:
981:Peasant Party
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
962:
961:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
940:
932:
931:
924:
923:Wojciechowski
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
799:
798:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
739:Intellectuals
736:
735:
728:
727:
723:
721:
718:
714:
711:
710:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
677:
674:
672:
669:
668:
667:
664:
662:
661:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
644:
640:
639:
633:
632:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
594:Russification
591:
589:
588:Germanization
585:
584:
578:
577:
570:
569:Republicanism
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
510:
509:
505:
501:
500:
497:
492:
491:
487:
483:
482:
474:
471:
470:Samoobrona RP
468:
464:
460:
452:5 August 2011
451:
447:
443:
427:
423:
418:
414:
411:
408:
402:
399:
396:
390:
384:
379:
376:
372:
369:
366:
360:
354:
351:
345:
342:
339:
333:
327:
322:
316:
313:
307:
304:
301:
295:
292:
288:
285:
279:
273:
268:
265:
261:
258:
255:
249:
246:
243:
237:
234:
231:
225:
219:
214:
211:
208:
202:
199:
198:Zyta Gilowska
196:
190:
187:
183:
180:
174:
168:
163:
160:
156:
152:
148:
143:
136:
127:
124:
116:
106:
100:
98:
93:This article
91:
82:
81:
72:
69:
61:
51:
48:and read the
47:
42:
38:
35:
30:
21:
20:
5678:Józef Wójcik
5663:Paweł Soroka
5586:
5407:
5388:Leszek Bubel
5224:
5066:Jan Pietrzak
5050:
5026:Leszek Bubel
4699:
4638:
4541:Andrzej Kern
4465:Robert Telus
4421:
4416:
4408:
4403:
4374:Artur Balazs
4214:Joined later
4149:
4036:
4005:Joined later
3847:
3817:
3790:
3763:
3709:. Retrieved
3701:
3691:
3680:
3660:
3652:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3613:
3602:. Retrieved
3598:the original
3588:
3576:. Retrieved
3565:
3555:
3543:
3524:
3511:
3495:
3483:. Retrieved
3479:the original
3472:
3463:
3444:
3417:
3411:
3392:
3386:
3367:
3363:
3353:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3316:(in Polish).
3304:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3242:
3235:
3226:
3222:
3183:
3170:
3152:10.2870/1700
3139:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3108:
3104:
3094:
3074:
3067:
3061:(in German).
3059:jungle.world
3058:
3048:
3039:
3029:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2979:
2976:Feffer, John
2970:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2928:
2924:
2911:
2884:
2878:
2872:(in Polish).
2869:
2859:
2843:(2): 54–55.
2840:
2836:
2803:
2799:
2763:
2756:
2736:
2703:
2694:
2685:
2653:
2649:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2617:
2586:. Retrieved
2543:
2539:
2533:
2506:
2500:
2446:
2440:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2378:
2359:
2345:
2341:
2322:(in German).
2319:
2297:
2291:
2269:
2263:
2219:
2174:15.11% (#3)
2097:Presidential
1980:Voivodeship
1793:punching bag
1785:
1767:
1752:
1740:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1696:
1671:antisemitism
1660:
1649:
1637:
1634:
1627:
1608:
1593:
1582:
1578:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1543:
1531:
1514:
1505:
1494:
1471:
1463:
1452:
1421:
1417:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1355:
1350:
1338:
1322:
1314:self-defence
1285:
1277:
1258:
1243:
1175:
1158:
1109:
1108:
1034:(as a party)
959:
958:
938:
847:
724:
693:Organic work
658:
641:
604:Christianity
454:(2011-08-05)
439:13 June 1954
405:Succeeded by
382:
363:Succeeded by
325:
310:Succeeded by
271:
252:Succeeded by
217:
205:Succeeded by
166:
119:
110:
97:copy editing
95:may require
94:
64:
55:
44:Please help
40:
36:
34:lead section
5709:2011 deaths
5704:1954 births
5577:Marek Jurek
5418:Adam Słomka
5362:Donald Tusk
5245:Lech Wałęsa
5046:Jacek Kuroń
5010:(incumbent)
5007:Lech Wałęsa
4845:(2019–2023)
4649:Donald Tusk
4384:Adam Tański
4344:Adam Tański
4180:Jan Szyszko
4140:Anna Kalata
4105:Anna Fotyga
4100:Ludwik Dorn
4032:Anna Kalata
4012:Anna Fotyga
3976:Jan Szyszko
3911:Ludwik Dorn
3812:Ludwik Dorn
3775:Ludwik Dorn
3730:(in Polish)
3578:23 February
3485:23 February
3122:13 November
3111:(1): 3–19.
2954:(2): 9–30.
2588:23 February
2546:(1–2): 54.
2195:1.28% (#3)
2155:3.05% (#5)
1596:Eurosceptic
1478:Donald Tusk
1390:Sciences Po
1294:during the
1151:Evo Morales
1147:Hugo Chávez
883:Poniatowski
863:Mikołajczyk
802:Politicians
785:Stojałowski
643:Chłopomania
564:Regionalism
519:Agrarianism
393:Preceded by
348:Preceded by
298:Preceded by
245:Ludwik Dorn
240:Preceded by
210:Ludwik Dorn
193:Preceded by
113:August 2024
58:August 2024
5698:Categories
5413:Jan Pyszko
4664:Józef Zych
4592:Józef Zych
4556:Józef Zych
4536:Henryk Bąk
3853:1992–2011
3823:2006–2007
3796:2006–2007
3604:2010-02-11
3339:(1): 185.
3085:0903425718
2686:darlowo.pl
2348:(2): 143.
2243:References
2171:2,259,094
2134:1.3% (#9)
2107:1st round
1300:Samoobrona
1246:Stowięcino
1240:Early life
1155:Juan Perón
908:Ściegienny
868:Narutowicz
843:Kościuszko
823:Kalinowski
790:Ściegienny
755:Limanowski
619:Patriotism
581:Principles
513:Ideologies
442:Stowięcino
435:1954-06-13
105:editing it
5518:following
5319:following
5160:following
4964:following
4882:10th term
3737:original.
3370:(2): 49.
3345:2353-9747
2870:lewica.pl
2662:1898-6447
2552:0071-1861
2465:cite book
2432:1612-9008
2110:Elected?
2064:Elected?
1983:Elected?
1830:Elected?
1827:District
1703:, 2006).
1438:. In the
1143:José Bové
898:Stapiński
873:Nocznicki
775:Stapiński
760:Nocznicki
676:Scythemen
624:Tradition
609:Democracy
383:In office
326:In office
272:In office
218:In office
167:In office
5551:Lost in
5508:previous
5432:Withdrew
5352:Lost in
5309:previous
5259:Withdrew
5150:previous
5085:Withdrew
4997:Lost in
4954:previous
4843:9th term
4613:Jan Król
4425:(acting)
4412:(acting)
4091:Original
3669:Archived
3572:Archived
3532:Archived
3452:Archived
3117:25779367
2978:(2017).
2831:(2023).
2582:Archived
2320:stern.de
2201:Opposed
2192:214,657
2131:235,797
2003:Koszalin
1946:Koszalin
1922:Koszalin
1898:Koszalin
1874:Koszalin
1850:Koszalin
1611:American
1448:Koszalin
1409:Suchocka
1261:Sypniewo
1139:far-left
944:AGROunia
903:Stefczyk
888:Potoczek
828:Kamiński
780:Stefczyk
726:Sielanka
554:Localism
486:a series
484:Part of
461:, Poland
444:, Poland
356:(acting)
318:(acting)
4884:(2023-)
4093:members
3711:22 June
3297:claims.
3182:(ed.).
2656:(926).
2082:15.86%
2079:24,614
2061:Sejmik
1999:15.86%
1996:24,614
1918:19.11%
1915:33,535
1894:21.78%
1891:44,814
1870:13.21%
1867:24,480
1656:Taliban
1623:Belarus
1615:Ukraine
1472:In the
1426:in the
1334:Darłowo
1320:; SO).
1307:
1273:Ukraine
1184:in the
1176:He was
960:Defunct
935:Parties
913:Thugutt
833:Kiernik
818:Jarubas
770:Reymont
636:History
5553:runoff
5526:Winner
5354:runoff
5327:Winner
5168:Winner
4999:runoff
4972:Winner
3432:
3399:
3343:
3250:
3198:
3158:
3115:
3082:
2986:
2899:
2774:
2744:
2710:
2660:
2550:
2521:
2453:
2430:
2389:
2053:votes
2048:Party
2023:3.81%
2020:3,435
1972:votes
1967:Party
1957:Senate
1942:3.43%
1939:8,459
1846:0.67%
1843:1,617
1819:votes
1814:Party
1788:Warsaw
1619:Russia
1358:Polish
1326:Polish
1254:Poland
1190:farmer
1163:Polish
1153:, and
1131:Polish
939:Active
878:Pawlak
848:Lepper
813:Dąbski
614:Family
459:Warsaw
3769:2006
3144:(PDF)
3113:JSTOR
2921:(PDF)
2768:(PDF)
2492:(PDF)
2211:Notes
2058:vote
1977:vote
1824:vote
1773:Senat
1413:Buzek
918:Witos
893:Rataj
808:Bojko
765:Rataj
745:Asnyk
592:Anti-
586:Anti-
3895:The
3843:None
3713:2013
3702:Kraj
3580:2007
3487:2007
3430:ISBN
3397:ISBN
3341:ISSN
3248:ISBN
3196:ISBN
3156:ISBN
3124:2023
3080:ISBN
2984:ISBN
2897:ISBN
2772:ISBN
2742:ISBN
2708:ISBN
2658:ISSN
2590:2007
2548:ISSN
2519:ISBN
2471:link
2451:ISBN
2428:ISSN
2387:ISBN
2299:10%.
2188:2010
2167:2005
2148:2000
2127:1995
2090:Yes
2070:1998
2056:% of
2051:# of
2013:2008
1989:1997
1975:% of
1970:# of
1932:2007
1926:Yes
1908:2005
1902:Yes
1884:2001
1860:1993
1836:1991
1822:% of
1817:# of
1804:Sejm
1667:Kyiv
1661:The
1621:and
1484:and
1444:Sejm
1411:and
1304:lit.
1234:2005
1230:2007
1228:and
1222:2010
1220:and
1218:2005
1214:2000
1210:1995
1180:and
449:Died
425:Born
3422:doi
3372:doi
3188:doi
3148:doi
3017:doi
2956:doi
2889:doi
2845:doi
2808:doi
2511:doi
2420:doi
2350:doi
2227:of
2198:No
2177:No
2158:No
2137:No
2031:No
2007:No
1950:No
1878:No
1854:No
1665:in
1488:of
750:Kot
5700::
5515:→
5316:→
5157:→
4961:→
3700:.
3651:,
3633:.
3564:.
3502:.
3471:.
3428:.
3368:48
3362:.
3337:15
3335:.
3331:.
3290:.
3227:22
3210:^
3194:.
3154:.
3109:48
3107:.
3103:.
3057:.
3038:.
3013:31
3011:.
3007:.
2952:48
2946:.
2927:.
2923:.
2895:.
2868:.
2841:48
2835:.
2820:^
2804:23
2802:.
2798:.
2786:^
2722:^
2684:.
2670:^
2648:.
2622:37
2616:.
2598:^
2560:^
2544:45
2517:.
2479:^
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