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well-known player to play incognito. Another common motive for multi-accounting is to facilitate chip dumping and other methods of equity maximization in online tournaments. A major difference between cash games and tournaments is that tournament winnings tend to be much less consistent over the short to medium term. Because tournaments tend to pay prize money only to the top ten percent of entrants on average and tend to pay the majority of prize money to a very small number of top finishers, in tournament play even the best players are prone to relatively long streaks of overall net losses (or even no winnings at all) between sizable wins. Therefore, for high-stakes players who specialize in tournament play, multi-accounting is one possible means to allow a player to play more entries in major tournaments than they would otherwise be able to, potentially multiplying the player's earnings and, just as importantly, making earnings more consistent over a shorter period of time. This risks a large win by a hitherto unknown "player" attracting scrutiny from the host (and other players), especially if the winner has no known previous poker experience but does have clear ties to a better-known player. In addition, some sites now offer multi-table tournaments where the same player can enter multiple times under their own name, so as to reduce the incentive to multi-account.
441:, this can conveniently and cheaply be done without the likelihood of immediate detection). Such tactics can give cheaters an advantage that is difficult to work against. Online poker cardrooms keep records of every hand played, and collusion can often be detected by finding any of several detectable patterns (such as folding good hands to a small bet, as it is known that another player has a better hand). Users who frequently sit at the same tables will be flagged by poker rooms and their play will be closely monitored. Often, such users will be warned they have been flagged, in an effort to deter collusion.
452:. This is the systematic collection of hand histories, enough of which can be used to profile opponents using specially designed software. Two or more players may agree to share their individual hand histories amongst themselves; alternatively some websites offer large quantities of previously-played hands (even millions) for a fee. Using software to analyze one's own histories is generally accepted. Acquiring histories of hands in which a player did not participate violates the rules of most cardrooms.
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nuts" (the best possible hand based on the cards in play). This could be done in reverse via a bluff by betting without announcing the bet & betting less than the minimum call, then when the underbet is realized by the dealer, the player can claim they thought they raised, but the player apparently miscounted and bet less than the required call, which is then required to be increased to become a call. This makes the player appear strong and may induce a fold to the player's weak hand.
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it is called "Glimpsing" or "Peeking". There are a lot of methods for reaching the same goal. A method that is used most is called the "Shiner". A Shiner is a reflective object (such as coffee, a lighter, a blade etc.) that is placed under the deck, so when the cheat is looking into the shiner the bottom card is exposed, and every card that is dealt over the shiner can easily be peeked by looking in the shiner.
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How this is used by angle shooters is if a player is in a hand that they are unsure if they have the best cards and don't want to invest any more money to find out. They can unplug their internet connection and then wait for the hand to play itself out. On a DP table the remaining cards in the hand
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Angle shooting is engaging in actions that may technically be within the scope of the rules of the game, but that are considered unethical or unfair to exploit or take advantage of another player. For example, an angle shooter might motion as if they were folding their hand to induce other players to
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Marked cards are printed or altered so that the cheater can know the value of specific cards while only looking at the back. Ways of marking are too numerous to mention, but there are certain broad types. A common way of marking cards involves marks on a round design on the card so as to be read like
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A cheat can place certain cards in a position favorable to the card cheat. This is called "stacking". Stacking is more often done than "false dealing" because it doesn't look suspicious. There are a couple of techniques for "stacking" cards, the best known being riffle stacking and overhand stacking.
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The easiest and most common types of cheating require no skill of manipulation, but rather merely the nerve. Such methods include shorting the pot, avoiding house fees, and peeking at other players' cards. It is very difficult to prove because when confronted, at least the first time, the cheat often
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Another example is when a player says nothing when betting, pushes in a raise, then says he made an error (a/k/a "misclick") & meant to just call. The opposing player(s) may take this as a sign of weakness and then re-raise or simply call when they shouldn't, as the player may actually have "the
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One form of angle shooting which is exclusive to online poker is to abuse the disconnect protection (DP) rules most sites have in place. DP is a rule exclusive to online poker whereby if a player is disconnected from the site in the middle of the hand their hand is played out as if they were all-in
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A slight advantage for a cheat can be to know what cards are placed both on the top of the deck as well as the bottom card, so that information can then later be used to bottom deal or second deal themselves that card. The looking at the top or bottom card without the other players knowing or seeing
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and "daub" are two kinds of substances that can be used to mark cards in a subtle way so as to avoid detection, when done properly. While a "juice" deck is premarked and introduced into play by the cheater, "daub" is applied during play to any deck. Once trained, cheaters can read the cards from
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is relatively easy and much more difficult to immediately spot if executed well. Cheaters can engage in telephone calls or instant messaging, discussing their cards, since nobody can see them. Sometimes one person may be using two or more computers to play multiple hands at the same table under
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Another online method of cheating is "multiaccounting", where a player will register several accounts to their name (or, perhaps more commonly, to non-poker-playing friends and family members). This might be done to help enable the collusion previously mentioned, or perhaps to simply enable a
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the cards in a position that the cheat can read from across the table. The practice of burning the top card, or cards, is to prevent a cheat from knowing that top card and dealing "seconds" to either give a confederate a card that helps their hand or an opponent a card that hurts theirs.
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One sign of false dealing could be when a dealer grips the deck with the index finger in front of it or their pinky and pointing finger on both short sides of the deck while the other fingers support the deck while the cards are being beveled slightly. This is referred to as the
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Even if a cheat deals themselves a powerful hand, they may not win much money if every other player has nothing, so often the cheat will stack two hands, with one player receiving a strong hand and the cheater getting an even stronger one. This is called a "double duke".
252:. But while the cheat is shuffling they keep track of the cards they want to stack, and with a little practice they can manage to put the exact number of cards in between the cards they want to stack to make the next round of dealing favorable for the cheat.
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if the style of play or house rules call for a cut. The skill lies both in convincing other players that the shuffle is legitimate and in ensuring that other players receive hands that are good enough to entice them into play, but not too good to arouse suspicion.
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state they reserve the right to cancel an account if a player plays "in a professional sense" (and not for personal entertainment only). This is not a standard prohibition. For example, it is not in the end-user agreements of the three largest online cardrooms:
267:—so called because it has not been "warmed up" by play (and thus randomised). Such decks are usually pre-stacked, and are introduced either at the deal, after the real deck has been shuffled, or before the deal, where a card sharp will make a false
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without the player actually having to put any more money in the pot. The online poker rooms that offer DP usually have specific tables set aside for this so that all players at the table are aware that the special DP rules will apply.
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One minimal-skill method that occurs in non-casino and casino games happens when a player who has folded appoints themselves the tender of the pot, stacking chips, counting them, and delivering them to the winning player.
429:. These are programs that play instead of a real human. Though their accuracy and their ability to win are disputed, their use normally violates the rules of online cardrooms, so using them is, by definition, cheating.
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a clock (an ace is marked at one o'clock, and so on until the king, which is not marked). Shading a card by putting it in the sun or scratching the surface with a razor are ways to mark an already printed deck.
135:(also known as "ratholing"), where a player covertly removes a portion of their chips from play while remaining in the game, normally in order to preserve the winnings as profit, or prevent a major loss in
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Poker software, like all software, cannot be assumed to be reliable. It is always possible that a person is exploiting the software to win money from victims. The software may even contain a
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would be dealt and the pot would be awarded to the player with the best cards. If there were multiple opponents in the hand then they would be eligible for a side pot.
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one or more cards. When a cheat is "mucking" the cheat is cleverly hiding cards in their hand, to later switch their hand for. This may also be done with a confederate.
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and magicians. The overhand stacking method takes little practice, and is more likely to be done in a situation with a cheat. The cheat does (what looks like) a normal
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In riffle stacking the cheat stacks the card(s) while doing a riffle shuffle. This form of stacking is the most difficult to master and the most respected under the
232:, or to find the cards one needs, place them at the bottom, top, or any other place the cheat wants, then false deal them to oneself or one's confederate.
240:". It not only allows better control of the cards, but provides cover by showing the back of the top card, and without moving the hand holding the deck.
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on each round of betting through the end of the hand. Unless they explicitly communicate an agreement about checking it down, this is not collusion.
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Online play has allowed for new methods of cheating while other methods based on physical objects such as cards or chips are impossible.
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faces a lawsuit with allegations of employees exploiting the software. The user agreement of the two online poker sites owned by
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800:"17 Unwritten Rules of Poker That Every Player Needs To Know About - Rule 1, don't angle shoot"
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which allows a person, perhaps an employee, to view cards.
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753:; published October 19, 2007; retrieved November 25, 2018
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Is "checking it down" in a tournament implicit collusion?
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Bill Rini: The
Definitive Guide to Online Poker Cheating
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using sleight of hand. The latter method may require
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PartyPoker.com: PartyGaming’s Unfair
Advantage Policy
688:"Collusion Strategy and Analysis for Texas Hold'em"
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224:A skilled cheat can deal the second card, the
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781:Ultimatebet.com: End User License Agreement
390:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
181:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
87:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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718:PokerStars.com: End User License Agreement
763:AbsolutePoker: End-User License Agreement
410:Learn how and when to remove this message
201:Learn how and when to remove this message
107:Learn how and when to remove this message
747:Online poker cheating blamed on employee
506:Advantage gambling § Angle shooting
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937:List of poker playing card nicknames
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1178:Open-face Chinese poker
894:Index of poker articles
749:, by Mike Brunker, at
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1229:Computer poker player
705:May 10, 2006, at the
49:Minimal-skill methods
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1309:Cheating in gambling
1109:Community card poker
648:Cheating in baseball
384:improve this section
175:improve this section
81:improve this section
653:Cheating in casinos
594:Red Dead Redemption
473:Tokwiro Enterprises
448:Another concern is
734:2007-10-16 at the
552:The Cincinnati Kid
545:In popular culture
302:across the table.
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439:IP addresses
434:online poker
431:
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406:
397:
382:Please help
370:
339:
334:
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298:
297:
293:
290:Card marking
284:Marked cards
262:
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214:
213:A cheat may
212:
197:
188:
173:Please help
161:
130:
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94:
79:Please help
67:
38:
37:
1239:Poker tools
1149:Let It Ride
1023:Check-raise
942:Tournaments
535:(1860-1898)
533:Soapy Smith
246:card sharps
226:bottom card
133:going south
1298:Categories
1085:Stud poker
1071:Draw poker
1057:Variations
1038:Protection
1013:Aggression
930:Poker boom
804:Casino.org
686:T. Hayes,
608:Lucky Luke
504:See also:
490:PartyPoker
486:PokerStars
450:datamining
335:signalling
327:whipsawing
1222:Computing
1213:Slow play
1033:Isolation
559:The Sting
371:does not
323:soft play
319:Collusion
314:Collusion
273:collusion
265:cold deck
215:hand-muck
162:does not
137:"big bet"
68:does not
1258:Category
1208:Pot odds
1190:Strategy
970:Position
958:Elements
920:Glossary
915:Cheating
903:Overview
784:Archived
766:Archived
751:NBC News
732:Archived
703:Archived
622:See also
587:Maverick
573:Rounders
457:backdoor
307:crimping
1282:Outline
1270:Commons
925:History
910:Betting
392:removed
377:sources
331:dumping
269:shuffle
183:removed
168:sources
139:games.
89:removed
74:sources
810:6 July
690:, 2017
601:Casino
492:, and
1043:Steal
1018:Bluff
1006:Plays
985:Hands
883:Poker
674:Notes
566:Shade
346:check
340:In a
299:Juice
275:or a
43:poker
1101:Razz
1065:Brag
1028:Draw
997:Tell
965:Chip
951:Play
812:2022
663:Muck
580:Tilt
479:and
427:bots
375:any
373:cite
277:pass
230:cull
219:palm
166:any
164:cite
72:any
70:cite
975:Pot
842:by
386:by
217:or
177:by
83:by
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488:,
475:,
875:e
868:t
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