Knowledge

Eucharist in Anglicanism

Source πŸ“

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left to the House of Bishops to edit a set of rites from 1928 and publish them. These were published in December 1965 as were later to be known as Series 1. At the same time the Liturgical Commission also produced and published texts in readiness for the new measures to come into force and these were known as Series 2. The Eucharist in this series met with dissent in two key places: the use of 'offer' in relation to the bread and wine in the eucharistic prayer and the provision of prayers for the dead. It took until 1967 for General Synod to agree to a shape for the service. But in 1969 the whole of Series 2 was to disappear into obscurity following a dispute between the Houses of Laity and Clergy over the funeral service. At the same time that Series 1 and 2 were going through General Synod there was a growing shift in the English speaking world away from the use of Tudor language in worship. The use of modern English – and addressing God as 'you' – gave birth to a further version of the Eucharist which would be called Series 3. The International Consultation on English Texts (ICET) produced some recommended common texts for English speaking Christians. Unlike Series 1 and 2 which had a shape based on the BCP the series 3 communion service followed the shape that many today would recognise. Its first presentation to General Synod in 1971 led to severe criticism but after some minor revisions it was approved the following year. Although the BCP remained the norm in many parishes a high proportion were being prepared for a new series of services where God was addressed as 'you' all the way throughout.
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post-communion prayer in order to detach it from the context of the eucharistic prayer. A prime example of these modifications can be found in the American Book of Common Prayer introduced by the first American Episcopal bishop Samuel Seabury and adopted by the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1789. He insisted on the adoption of a full eucharistic prayer of the non-Juror Scottish Episcopal Church Rite to replace the truncated version of the earlier English rites beginning in 1552. The adopted prayer included the words, "with these thy holy gifts, which we now offer unto thee", which were inserted after the words from the 1549 Rite "we, thy humble servants, do celebrate and make before thy Divine Majesty, and before the words "the memorial thy Son hath commanded us to make" BCP (cf. these changes in the article on Samuel Seabury). An epiclesis was also restored. The insertion of these ten words in effect undid Cranmer's theology that the sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving was restricted to words and sentiments in prayer.
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spiritual way, by the Holy Spirit, who applies and bestows upon us these things which have been prepared for us by the sacrifice of the Lord's body and blood for us, namely, the remission of sins, deliverance, and eternal life; so that Christ lives in us and we live in him, and he causes us to receive him by true faith to this end that he may become for us such spiritual food and drink, that is, our life. But he who comes to this sacred Table of the Lord without faith, communicates only in the sacrament and does not receive the substance of the sacrament whence comes life and salvation; and such men unworthily eat of the Lord's Table. Whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord, and eats and drinks judgment upon himself (I Cor. 11:26–29). For when they do not approach with true faith, they dishonor the death of Christ, and therefore eat and drink condemnation to themselves.
1714:" as worn at a service of the word, but may also be worn as eucharistic vestments as was commonly done in earlier years. In some provinces, as boundaries become blurred, identifying low-church tradition by vesture alone is becoming more difficult. Many parishes that have a more charismatic flavour have generally abandoned the use of robes at most of their services, and their services are similar to that found in Pentecostal churches. However, even this is not universal and will depend on parish tradition, with some being vested for special occasions and the Eucharist if it is celebrated less frequently, or if it is part of confirmation. In some low-church parishes the minister may replace the black preaching scarf with a stole reflecting the colour of the season. 172: 860:. Cranmer's belief was substantially Calvinist, Receptionism and Virtualism, as shown by Peter Brooks in 1965. Hooker's was a more nuanced combination of Receptionism and Real Presence but agnostic as to what the elements were in themselves but insistent that "the sacrament is a true and a real participation of Christ, who thereby imparteth himself even in his whole entire Person as a Mystical Head". He brushes aside transubstantiation and consubstantiation and urges people to meditate in silence and less to dispute the manner 'how'. The views were congenial for centuries to the majority of Anglicans. The 19th-century 1316:
volume was authorised by synod the following year. Initially this was for 10 years but in 1990 this was extended for a further 10 years. The Alternative Service Book 1980 (ASB) had two communion services – Rite A and Rite B. Rite B was based on Series 1 in as far as it was based on the shape of the BCP service and was in traditional language. Rite A was based on the Series 3 communion service and the majority of the volume was written in contemporary language in recognition that English over the centuries since the BCP was produced had changed in meaning and usage. The order for Rite A is as follows:
1062:", a term not found before 1867. According to this view, although the bread and wine remain unchanged, through the worthy reception of the sacrament the communicant receives the body and blood of Christ. It remained "the dominant theological position in the Church of England until the Oxford Movement in the early nineteenth century, with varying degrees of emphasis". It is important to remember that it is "a doctrine of the real presence" but one which "relates the presence primarily to the worthy receiver rather than to the elements of bread and wine". 713: 1071: 1626: 1737:, a cloth covering and, in some instances, the prayer book. The celebration of Holy Communion may be weekly or monthly. This frequency is in keeping with the Anglican practice that predominated prior to the 20th century. After the service, and following historical rubrics, the unconsumed bread and wine are reverently eaten by the priest and other ministers. If there is more than the clergy can finish, lay persons are called to help eat the remaining elements. In accordance with the 1678: 3721: 6054: 4128: 2250: 1939: 1565: 36: 2033:
on their tongue. In other parishes recipients stand before the administrators to receive Communion, while in still others participants may pass the sacrament from one to the next, often standing in a circle around the altar. The practice of using individual cups and handing out individual wafers or pieces of bread to be consumed simultaneously by the whole congregation is extremely uncommon in Anglicanism, but not unheard of.
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service was on the whole kept unchanged but the compilers of Common Worship were able to draw upon experience of post-ASB seasonal material as well as changes to worship occurring in other denominations. Major changes to the text took place to ensure that inclusive language was used as well as giving a much wider choice of text. The rite was available in both modern and traditional language as was that in Order 2.
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Christ is not present spiritually and they consume only the physical signs of this holy presence, which further adds to their wickedness – in accordance with Article XXIX. In the latter interpretation, there exists the corporeal presence of Christ in the Eucharist, although the precise manner of how that presence is made manifest is a
801:", the Divine Liturgy, the "Lord's Supper", or The Great Thanksgiving), is the central act of gathered worship, the appointed means by which Christ can become present to his church. For the majority of Anglicans this event constitutes the renewal of the Body of Christ as the Church through the reception of the Body of Christ as the 2154:
in places where members of one or the other communion are without clergy of their own". Raphael stated that in places "where there is no resident Orthodox Priest", an Anglican priest could administer Marriage, Holy Baptism, and the Blessed Sacrament to an Orthodox layperson. In 1912, however, Raphael
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Prayers A to C were drawn from those that had been in rite A of the ASB with some revisions Prayer D is responsorial in nature and good for all age worship Prayer E is the shortest and has some of the flavour of prayer A Prayer F is responsorial and has its origins in the Eastern Christian tradition
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There was also an order of service for parishes who wished to have a service in modern English but still keep the shape of that found in the BCP. This prayer book proved to be successful with it being taken up by the majority of parishes with rite A being the most popular of the two. But work did not
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I cannot deem it unfair to apply the name of Consubstantiation to a doctrine which teaches, that "the true flesh and true blood of Christ are in the true bread and wine", in such a way that "whatsoever motion or action the bread" and wine have, the body and blood "of Christ also" have "the same"; and
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There is also a spiritual eating of Christ's body; not such that we think that thereby the food itself is to be changed into spirit, but whereby the body and blood of the Lord, while remaining in their own essence and property, are spiritually communicated to us, certainly not in a corporeal but in a
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Anglo-Catholic eucharistic theology places an emphasis on frequent communion, ideally daily. The unconsumed elements are typically reserved in a tabernacle or aumbry safe, either attached to a fixed altar or placed behind or to one side of a free-standing altar. Reserved sacrament is often used when
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report published in 1985 which identified that to give people a volume of 1300 pages was a symptom of the gulf between church and ordinary people. Ease of handling was the aim of producing the new worship material. This was available in separate booklets, congregational cards, downloadable files and
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Under the new measure all services that the 1928 deposited prayer book that had been in use for nearly 40 years on the say so of individual bishops lost all legal authority. They would then have to authorised as alternate services. The Liturgical Commission would not assist in this process so it was
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And if any of the Bread and Wine remain unconsecrated, the Curate shall have it to his own use: but if any remain of that which was consecrated, it shall not be carried out of the Church, but the Priest, and such other of the Communicants as he shall then call unto him, shall, immediately after the
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and cupping their hands (right over left) to receive the bread, then crossing themselves again to receive the chalice. Anglo-Catholics are often careful not to chew the bread (hence the overwhelming use of wafers in these parishes) or touch the chalice. Some prefer to have the bread placed directly
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or consumed. Broad-church Anglicans may not reverence the sacrament, as such, but will frequently bow when passing the altar. Attending the Eucharist at a broad-church parish nowadays is likely to be similar in many respects to a contemporary Roman Catholic Mass. Priests will generally be vested in
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permitted General Synod to provide by canon the unlimited use of alternative services. In 1976 a working party was set up to bring all of the various series three booklets including that for the Eucharist together into a single volume of reasonable This work was completed by the end of 1979 and the
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A maxim in Anglicanism concerning Christ's presence is that "it may not be about a change of substance, but it is about a substantial change." If substantial denotes a spiritual property of the sacraments themselves this is the Reformed view, since, after consecration, the elements are only fit for
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and states that, as with other sacraments, the Eucharist is "an outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace given unto us, ordained by Christ himself, as a means whereby we receive the same, and a pledge to assure us thereof". The outward sign, in this instance, is the bread and wine;
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As such, today, only a minority of Anglican dioceses do not authorize their individual churches to reserve the sacrament between services. In these churches, reverent consumption or disposal is often practiced. When disposed, the elements may be finely broken/poured over the earth or placed down a
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different doctrines of consubstantiation and sacramental union. Both views hold that Christ is present in the eucharistic elements spiritually. Such spiritual presence may or may not be believed to be in bodily form, depending on the particular doctrinal position. It may in fact be a mystical, yet
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Anglicans reject belief in a corporeal presence of Christ in the Eucharist, and accordingly, usually any belief in the reservation and adoration of the sacrament. Reservation was eliminated in practice by the rubric at the end of the 1662 Communion service which ordered the reverent consumption of
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parishes there is slightly more elaboration. In most parishes of the Anglican Communion, the Eucharist is celebrated every Sunday, having replaced Morning Prayer as the principal service. Broad-church Anglicans typically celebrate the Eucharist every Sunday, or at least most Sundays. The rite may
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churchmanship believe this is a corporeal presence. In the former interpretation, those who receive the form or sign of the body and blood (bread and wine) in faith, receive also the spiritual body and blood of Christ. Those who receive the form or sign without faith, or for those who are wicked,
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explains this article, writing that "The statement in the Article is worded with the utmost care, and with studied moderation. It cannot be said that any one of the practices is condemned or prohibited by it. It only amounts to this: that none of them can claim to be part of the original Divine
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Parishes were able to draw upon the core material to produce user friendly booklets to match the season and their local situation. Within Common Worship as in the ASB there are two orders of service - Order 1 and Order 2. Order 1 is a gentle revision of Rite A found in the ASB. The shape of the
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Common Worship is the name given to the library of volumes that replaced the Alternative Service Book 1980. In 1994 the Liturgical Commission suggested to General Synod that it was better to produce a series of separate texts rather than to squeeze everything into one volume. This reflected the
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The theology of these rites has been considerably modified in the last 200 years, with the reintroduction of oblationary language as pertaining to an objective, material sacrifice offered to God in union with Christ. The Prayer Books of 1552, 1559, 1604 and 1662 placed sacrificial language in a
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Some or all of the following elements may be altered, transposed, or absent depending on the rite used by the province or national church. In modern liturgies whichever source (1549 or 1552) they follow for the sacrament, the Liturgy of the Word has, with variations, a fairly standard pattern:
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Throughout the 20th century the Eucharist in the Church of England has undergone a number of significant changes, and in most churches the BCP is no longer used for many services. The Prayer Book (Alternative and Other Services) Measure of 1965 redefined where "lawful authority lay".
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or request that the Holy Spirit descend upon the gifts and sanctify them to be the Body and Blood of Jesus, an eschatological statement about the end time, doxology and congregational assent, Amen. The entire prayer is consecratory. The Lord's Prayer follows, and is followed by the
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While the matter is always bread and wine, there is some variation. The bread may be in the form of individual wafers or an actual loaf from which pieces are torn off and distributed. Wine is typically red, but may be white. In some instances, fortified wine, such as
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in the individual participating in the sacrament. According to this, in the Eucharist the outward and visible sign is "bread and wine" and the "thing signified", the "body and blood of Christ", which are truly taken and received by the faithful in the Lord's supper.
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This allows churches to have a lot more variety within their worship as well as to mark the seasons in a meaningful way. The most common way of presenting the material is through service booklets to make it user friendly rather than presenting the whole volume.
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of the 1662 version states that a sacrament is "an outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace given to us, ordained by Christ himself, as a means whereby we receive the same, and a pledge to assure us thereof." It thus has the effect of conveying
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Until the latter part of the 19th century, the so-called "Ornaments Rubric" of the 1662 Prayer Book was interpreted to inhibit much of the ceremonial contemporary Anglicans take for granted. Priests were directed to stand at the north side or north end of the
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sought to give the Eucharist a more prominent place and upheld belief in the real presence of Christ in the sacrament. Anglicans now hold a variety of sacramental theologies, representing a spectrum of theories found in other Christian traditions.
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still physical, Body of Christ, as some Anglicans hold, or a superphysical reality "superimposed" in, with, and under the bread and wine. Although this is similar to consubstantiation, it is different as it has a decidedly mystical emphasis.
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is removed from the tabernacle or aumbry and hymns, prayers, psalms, and sentences of devotion are sung or read. In some parishes, when the Blessed Sacrament is moved from the tabernacle (from a high altar to a chapel altar, for instance),
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Ministry of the Sacrament including the offertory and the use of one of four eucharistic prayers to consecrate the bread and wine. The shape of which were as outlined above including prayer 4 which was version of the BCP prayer in modern
805:, his spiritual body and blood. In this sacrament, Christ is both encountered and incorporated (they "partake" of him). As such, the eucharistic action looks backward as a memorial of Christ's sacrifice, forward as a foretaste of the 1829:). A Reader is a lay person authorised to lead worship and preach, who will also be found in low-church and broad-church traditions as well. The former will be dressed in the historic eucharistic vestments specific to their office ( 1697:
parishes ceremonial is generally kept at a minimum, according to the rubrics of historical Anglican prayer books. The service is more often termed 'Holy Communion' than 'The Eucharist'. The priest is typically attired simply in a
2058:, either in the Anglican or another tradition. Those who are ineligible or do not wish to receive are frequently encouraged to come forward and cross their arms to form a sign of the cross to indicate that they wish to receive a 939:. Low-church parishes and ministers tend to celebrate the Eucharist less frequently (e.g., monthly) and prefer the terms "Holy Communion" or "Lord's Supper". This view has historical precedent. During the seminal years of the 2083:
And if any of the consecrated Bread and Wine remain after the Communion, it shall not be carried out of the Church; but the Minister and other Communicants shall, immediately after the Blessing, reverently eat and drink the
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from the rest of the church. This practice is meant to convey the sanctity associated with the altar. In such churches, those who wish to receive communion will come forward and kneel at the altar rail, sometimes making the
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are often used during the liturgy and the Eucharist itself is often supplemented by a number of prayers from earlier liturgies prayed by the priest, sacred ministers, and servers and sometimes the people as well.
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that Christ in the eucharist makes himself present sacramentally and truly when under the species of bread and wine these earthy realities are changed into the reality of his body and blood. In English the terms
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institution." The Anglican priest Jonathan A. Mitchican rehashes this view, stating that Article XXVIII does not forbid the practice of reservation, but notes that it does not have an origin in Sacred Scripture.
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was generally required as a precondition to reception, but many provinces now allow all the baptized to partake as long as they are in good standing with the Church and have previously received First Communion.
1109:, who maintained that there was no theological difference between the two, but was forced to make its reformed theology more obvious when conservative clergy hostile to the English Reformation took advantage of 1101:. The liturgy is defined in the authorised prayer books of the various national churches and ecclesiastical provinces of the communion. The eucharistic rites follow one or other of two main sources, either the 1849:. The Reader will always wear cassock, surplice and blue scarf as laid down by canon. In many churches the altar will be fixed against the "east wall" and the sacred ministers will celebrate Mass facing the 893:
declares that "Transubstantiation ... cannot be proved by Holy Writ; but is repugnant to the plain words of Scripture, overthroweth the nature of a Sacrament, and hath given occasion to many superstitions."
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stop here. There was a distinctive language shift which included the use of inclusive language as outlined in the report Making Women Visible (1988) but which was only adopted when the revised text for
1641:, ornaments and method and means of distribution of the sacrament. The communal piety of a given parish or diocese will determine the expression of these rubrics and the implicit eucharist theology. 848:
Because of the various theological movements which have influenced Anglicanism throughout history, there is no one sacramental theory accepted by all Anglicans. Early Anglican theologians, such as
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or the Second of 1552 which, with minor modifications, became the 1662 Book BCP which is still today the official and legal reference-point for the Church of England. The author of both rites was
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This amounts to an acceptance of the doctrine, with an expression of a reservation about the use of the name of the doctrine in English because the word is misunderstood by English speakers.
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and parish churches sometimes offer one or more services of Holy Communion during the week. The nature of the liturgy varies according to the theological tradition of the priests, parishes,
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The rites for the Eucharist are found in the various prayer books of the Anglican churches. Wine and unleavened wafers or unleavened bread is used. Daily celebrations are the norm in many
1749:. In some parishes, the president stands at the north-side of the holy table to read the service, in accordance with some interpretations of the rubrics of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer. 1916:
that "the Sacraments were not ordained of Christ to be gazed upon, or to be carried about, but that we should duly use Them." Nonetheless, many parishes do have services of, in which a
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Prayer G is a redraft of a prayer produced by the Roman Catholic Church Prayer H is a dialogue between the priest and the people which ends with sanctus as an offering of praise
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A rubric following the Order of Holy Communion in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer instructs that any remaining bread and wine should be consumed as soon as the service concludes:
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The question of who may receive communion likewise varies. In historic Anglican practice, the altar was "fenced" from those whose manner of living was considered to be un
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which means "the law of prayer is the law of belief". In other words, sacramental theology as it pertains to the Eucharist is sufficiently and fully articulated by the
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and the congregation will all be facing the same direction. Apart from the tabernacle (containing the reserved sacrament) the altar is often adorned with six candles.
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that Christians truly receive Christ's "self-same" Body and Blood at Communion – but in "an heavenly and spiritual manner" which is close to the Calvinistic doctrine.
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This emphasis on the faith of the receiver instead of the elements, common to both the Continental Reformed churches and the Church of England, has also been called "
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It is hard to see how a philosophical theory such as Transubstation confessedly is, can ever be "proved by Holy Writ". Romanists point to the words of institution,
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Representatives of the Anglican and Roman Catholic churches have declared that they have reached "substantial agreement on the doctrine of the Eucharist" in the
3634: 2040:. Traditionally, priests and deacons were the only ministers authorised to administer; however, many provinces now permit the licensing of lay administrants. 943:, Thomas Cranmer was in correspondence with many continental Reformers, several of whom came to England at his request to aid in reforms there. They included 3643: 2754: 1312: 1295:
A new concept of alternative services that could be authorised for up to seven years. Further authorisation of seven years could be granted by General Synod.
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Evangelicals, hold to a belief in the corporeal presence of Christ in the Eucharist, but maintain that the details of how Christ is made present remain a
3789: 2207:... ... in the light of these five affirmations records its conclusions that the eucharist as sacrifice is not an issue that divides our two Churches. 2862: 397: 4074: 2837: 2167: 1075: 990:". However, Christ's presence in the sacrament is objective and is in no way dependent on the attitude of the recipient who perceives it by faith. 717: 935:". Instead, they hold to a "spiritual real presence" view of the Eucharist similar to the views held by Reformed Protestant denominations such as 2120:
Where reservation is permissible parishes will place the sacrament (along with holy oils) in an aumbry - a cupboard inserted in the wall of the
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on, behind, or near the altar. Its presence is usually indicated by a lamp suspended over or placed near the tabernacle or aumbry. Except among
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The Annotated Book of Common Prayer: Being an Historical, Ritual, and Theological Commentary on the Devotional System of the Church of England
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Journal of the Proceedings of the One Hundred and Ninth Annual Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of New Hampshire
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Christians are welcome to receive communion. In many others, access to the sacrament is reserved for those who have been both baptised and
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In this doctrine, the bread and wine do not disappear at the consecration, but the Body and Blood become present without diminishing them.
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states that, "The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper was not by Christ's ordinance reserved, carried about, lifted up, or worshipped."
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Common Worship: Services and Prayers for the Church of England: The main or core volume from which congregational worship is drawn
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The time limits introduced in 1966 hampered the usefulness of the new services. Many were produced in chap booklet forms. But the
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However, Common Worship does not end there as the material that is now available for the Eucharist is considerable. It includes
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visiting the sick or housebound, as well as in ministry to the dying. When the sacrament is present, Anglo-Catholics will often
79: 6079: 2215: 1682: 5708: 3614: 3564: 3541: 3452: 3425: 3406: 3384: 3337: 3303: 3250: 3219: 3200: 3181: 3122: 3103: 3081: 3040: 2996: 2956: 2912: 2650: 2454: 2431: 1195:: The gifts of bread and wine are received, along with other gifts (such as money and/or food for a food bank, etc.), and an 922: 514: 5626: 1890: 1348:
was compiled. Seasonal material was produced. Firstly in 1986 was Lent, Holy Week and Easter which was followed in 1992 by
902:, who was Anglo-Catholic in churchmanship, defended the phrase "cannot be Proved by Holy Writ" in Article XXVIII, stating, 1721:(often confined to placing one's hands on the elements during the words of institution). The altar is referred to as the " 86: 3747: 575: 6013: 4423: 3737: 3260: 3162: 5601: 5299: 5059: 4801: 4291: 4104: 4079: 4033: 2563: 1986: 1612: 778:
refers to material objects used (bread and wine). In an Anglican Eucharist the form is contained in the rite and its
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ended the intercommunion after becoming uncomfortable with the fact that the Anglican Communion contained different
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or general prayer of thanksgiving may follow. The service concludes with a Trinitarian blessing and the dismissal.
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The priest prepares the table. Invitation to examine oneself, confession, absolution, "comfortable words". The
57: 4682: 4301: 2008:, is used. In still others, the option of juice is offered, usually in consideration of recipients who may be 5794: 5520: 3938: 1298:
Provision for making legal other services outside the range of Book of Common Prayer such as family services.
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were concerned ... to exalt the importance of the sacrament", but were "generally hostile to the doctrine of
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parishes believing in the corporeal presence of the blessed sacrament make use of a tabernacle or hanging
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The rubrics of a given prayer book outline the parameters of acceptable practice with regard to ritual,
1240:, and the distribution of the sacred elements (the bread and wine). There is a post-Communion prayer. A 1014:) argued strongly for the idea of consubstantiation. Discussing Pusey's view, Thomas S. L. Vogan wrote: 5739: 5581: 3148: 1762:
also be celebrated once or twice at other times during the week. The sacrament is often reserved in an
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movement in England, is one with which some Anglicans identify. The 19th-century Anglo-Catholic divine
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that "the substances in both cases" are "so mingled—that they should constitute some one thing".
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and many other parts of the Anglican Communion, re-introducing a much greater diversity of practice.
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An imprecisely defined view common amongst 16th- and 17th-century Anglican theologians is known as "
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Although it originated with Lollardism, consubstantiation is erroneously said to be the doctrine of
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also part of Visual Liturgy Service composing programme. The main volumes for the Eucharist are
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Anglican practice is that those who administer the sacrament must be licensed by the diocesan
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in preparation for the celebration, and the chalice and paten may be initially concealed by a
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celebrating communion in choir dress in the 19th century. Such practice remains typical of
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statement about the Eucharist, although its interpretation varies among churches of the
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The people and priest prepare for worship by hearing and responding to the commandments
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and candles on the communion table were considered forbidden, as was the wearing of a
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Ministry of the Word: scriptural readings, a psalm (often not used), sermon and creed.
1203:(called "The Great Thanksgiving") is recited. This prayer consists of a dialogue (the 5929: 5683: 5616: 5563: 5535: 5074: 5040: 4826: 4736: 4578: 4558: 4553: 4406: 4084: 3972: 3968: 3901: 3886: 3819: 3814: 3610: 3560: 3537: 3492: 3466: 3448: 3421: 3402: 3380: 3348: 3333: 3299: 3246: 3215: 3196: 3177: 3158: 3118: 3099: 3077: 3036: 2992: 2967: 2952: 2908: 2646: 2559: 2450: 2427: 2273: 2263: 2229: 2224: 2029: 1901: 1850: 1742: 1630: 1363: 1035: 999: 956: 931:
any consecrated bread and wine immediately after the blessing, and adoration by the "
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are either absent or two in number. The material on the table may be limited to the
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Prayers of intercession and an alternative place for the penitential rite if needed.
1034:
churches, which actually reject consubstantiation and instead teach the doctrine of
973:
This is in agreement with the continental Reformed view found in Chapter XXI of the
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The manner of administration varies. Many Anglican parishes retain the use of an
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Seven authorised affirmations of faith as well as the Nicene and Apostles' Creed
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Common Worship: President's Edition which is used from where the service is lead
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Changing Churches: An Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran Theological Conversation
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which contained a series of material for use between All Saints and Candlemas.
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Holy sacrament of the Eucharist in Anglicanism, a major branch of Protestantism
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when passing in front of it. When absent they will bow to the altar. Often an
1153:: Usually two to three readings of Scripture, one of which is always from the 6073: 5961: 5934: 5744: 5653: 5434: 5426: 5388: 5338: 5327: 5314: 4975: 4786: 4634: 4623: 4262: 4235: 3891: 3574: 3484: 3462: 3440: 2603: 2219: 2156: 2114: 1730: 1070: 1027: 712: 683: 631: 4608: 3193:
Critical Companion to T. S. Eliot: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work
3115:
The Many Faces of Faith: A Guide to World Religions and Christian Traditions
1900:
or bow in the presence of the Blessed Sacrament, which may be reserved in a
1625: 1320:
The preparation: a greeting, the collect of purity and the penitential rite.
745:
of a given jurisdiction. As defined by the 16th-century Anglican theologian
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worship involves further elaboration. The priest will often be joined by a
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in the 1549 prayer book to make the new liturgy as much like the old Latin
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and ornamental veil. Candles will almost always be present on the altar.
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Crockett, William R., "Holy Communion", in Sykes, Stephen; Booty, John,
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controversies of the late 19th century solidified the ascendancy of the
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Ecumenical Christian Dialogues and the Catechism of the Catholic Church
2614:. Vol. 6. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 14. 2336: 2334: 2009: 1922: 1869: 1694: 1686: 927: 882: 427: 374: 2586: 2584: 2214:
However , the Catholic Church considers the Anglican sacraments to be
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The Liturgy of Sacrament (1549, Scottish Canon, recent prayer books)
1181: 1140: 835:, the foundational church of the Anglican Communion, is found in the 813:
of Christ in the lives of the community and of individual believers.
732: 471: 257: 144: 3447:(rev. ed.). London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 3323:. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company. pp. 132–154. 3294:
Seddon, Philip (1996). "Word and Sacrament". In Bunting, Ian (ed.).
2331: 2132:, with which is associated various acts of reverence and adoration. 1938: 1564: 1378:
Common Worship: Times and Seasons bringing together season material.
35: 5833: 5370: 5269: 5229: 5219: 5204: 4990: 4864: 4724: 4452: 4442: 4391: 4324: 4269: 4202: 4141: 4028: 3720: 3243:
The Quest for the Grail: Arthurian Legend in British Art, 1840–1920
3096:
Antimodernism and the Transformation of American Culture, 1880–1920
2606:(1852). "Of the Real Presence of Christ in the Holy Sacrament". In 2581: 2110: 2059: 1854: 1834: 1830: 1717:
Manual action is kept to the standards of the rubrics found in the
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Lux Mundi: A Series of Studies in the Religion of the Incarnation
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Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of New Hampshire 1910
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and also, in many instances, a chasuble. They may make use of a
793:
For the vast majority of Anglicans, the Eucharist (also called "
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have such physical and material overtones that we, adhering to
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and other Anglican jurisdictions varies by province. Formerly,
1776: 1763: 1746: 1726: 1707: 1162: 1158: 1154: 806: 779: 595: 3648: 2974:. Philadelphia: Lutheran Publication Society. pp. 326–355 2664: 2492: 5606: 5279: 5249: 4995: 4874: 4859: 4494: 3212:
Grace Upon Grace: Sacramental Theology and the Christian Life
2786:"Dealing with Eucharistic 'Leftovers' Can Cause Deep Offence" 2079:
In American Prayer Books (until 1979), the rubric read thus:
2024: 1846: 1734: 1393:
The people and the priest greet each other in the Lord's name
1042:
holy use and may no longer be used as common bread and wine.
907: 349: 3154:
Heretics and Believers: A History of the English Reformation
1893:, either informally or through a corporate liturgical rite. 1885:
is dignified in the same way. Many Anglo-Catholics practice
1396:
Confess their sins. This is the only place it can now happen
1323:
Kyrie Elesion or Gloria in Excelsis depending on the season.
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Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of New Hampshire
873:
Anglicans of Anglo-Catholic churchmanship, as well as some
674:
Anglicans, however, teach the philosophical explanation of
2556:
Idealism and Christian Theology: Idealism and Christianity
5174: 5064: 3330:"Anglo-Catholic in Religion": T.S. Eliot and Christianity 2734: 2688: 2536: 2295: 2293: 2129: 2047: 1768: 1339:
The provision for the use of hymns and other sacred music
840:
and the thing signified is the body and blood of Christ.
4226:(also called Mass, Holy Communion, or the Lord's Supper) 3399:
Evangelical Eucharistic Thought in the Church of England
2989:
The Cup of Salvation: A Manual for Eucharistic Ministers
774:
is the verbal and physical liturgical action, while the
591:
is diverse in thought and practice. Its sources include
2880: 2808: 2806: 2676: 2355: 2353: 1689:
clergy, who object to the use of sacramental vestments.
782:, as articulated in the authorised prayer books of the 3589:(15th ed.). London: John Murray. pp. 296–317 3232:; Oswald, Hilton C.; Lehmann, Helmut T., eds. (1999). 3176:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 3117:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 2951:(rev. 3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2290: 1505:
Each order can draw on one of eight communion prayers
968:
On the True and Catholic Doctrine of the Lord's Supper
716:"The Holy Communion", full-page illustration from the 3214:(2nd ed.). Nashville, Tennessee: WestBow Press. 2907:. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press. 2554:
Farris, Joshua; Hamilton, S. Mark; Speigel, James S.
2524: 2480: 2386: 2384: 2065: 1741:, the remaining bread and wine are not reserved in a 1313:
Church of England (Worship and Doctrine) Measure 1974
825:
XXIX – Of the Wicked which eat not the Body of Christ
622:. Article XXVIII comprises the foundational Anglican 3519:(2nd ed.). London: Dacre Press (published 1949) 3228: 2803: 2590: 2396: 2350: 2245: 1443:
Order 2 has a more prayer book feel to the service.
843: 2612:
The Whole Works of the Right Reverend Jeremy Taylor
2569: 2408: 1074:Illuminated title of "The Holy Communion" from the 670:. To explain the manner of Christ's presence, some 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3401:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 3136: 2381: 3012:The Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England 6071: 3053:Anglo-Catholicism: What It Is Not and What It Is 2943: 2905:Christian Confessions: A Historical Introduction 2629: 2168:Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission 2016:the rubrics of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer). 3494:A History of the Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist 3468:A History of the Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist 2176:Five Affirmations on the Eucharist as Sacrifice 2159:within it, e.g. high church, Evangelical, etc. 966:Cranmer wrote on the Eucharist in his treatise 3377:The Service of Holy Communion and its Revision 3374: 1629:Typical style of an Anglican communion table. 1002:, which originated out of the pre-Reformation 4157: 3664: 3497:. Vol. 2. London: Longman, Green, and Co 3471:. Vol. 1. London: Longman, Green, and Co 3375:Beckwith, R. T.; Tiller, J. E., eds. (1972). 3278:Oxford High Anglicanism and Its Chief Leaders 3049: 2949:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 2340: 569: 3557:A Companion to Anglican Eucharistic Theology 3534:A Companion to Anglican Eucharistic Theology 3267:. Concord, New Hampshire: The Rumford Press. 3171: 2375: 2075:Blessing, reverently eat and drink the same. 1725:", the "holy table", or simply the "table". 1249:The Liturgy of Sacrament (1552–1662 style): 856:, held to a sacramental theology similar to 698:, championed the view of consubstantiation. 3245:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 3027: 2886: 1967:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1593:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1416:The creed or some other profession of faith 1306: 1093:for the Eucharist is important in Anglican 5735:Communion and the developmentally disabled 4164: 4150: 3671: 3657: 3393: 3379:. Abingdon, England: Marcham Manor Press. 3131: 2706:Mt 11:28; John 3:16; I Tim 1:15 1 John 2:1 2670: 2172:Elucidation of the ARCIC Windsor Statement 2135: 1841:, respectively). They will sometimes wear 1797:Reception of the Blessed Sacrament in the 1410:At least two readings including the Gospel 1139:, followed by the Collect for Purity, the 606:, and the regulations and orientations of 576: 562: 3332:. Cambridge, England: Lutterworth Press. 3172:Mattox, Mickey L.; Roeber, A. G. (2012). 2752: 2164:Windsor Statement on Eucharistic Doctrine 1987:Learn how and when to remove this message 1613:Learn how and when to remove this message 1045:This view is expressed in the allied but 819:concerning the Eucharist is contained in 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 3550: 3531: 3483: 3461: 3443:; Booty, John; Knight, Jonathan (eds.). 3434: 3415: 3147: 3098:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2902: 2755:"Ask an Anglican: Eucharistic Adoration" 2682: 2299: 1925:are rung and all who are present kneel. 1676: 1624: 1554: 1502:Ending by departing with God's blessing 1399:Gloria unless in the penitential seasons 1143:or the Summary of the Law; and then the 1069: 711: 651:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 3240: 3056:. London: Church Literature Association 3015:. Vol. 2. London: Methuen & Co 2783: 2753:Mitchican, Jonathan A. (22 July 2011). 2514: 2486: 701: 690:. A major leader in the Anglo-Catholic 610:. The principal source material is the 14: 6072: 3601: 3293: 3190: 3068: 3005: 2740: 2694: 2602: 2542: 2530: 2402: 2359: 1516:Two versions of the summary of the law 4145: 3652: 3632:Anglican Eucharistic Theology website 3573: 3346: 3327: 3312: 3112: 3090: 2965: 2921: 2812: 2575: 2518: 2498: 2414: 2371: 2344: 1525:Two versions of the comfortable words 1440:Ending departing with God's blessing 1199:prayer is recited. Following this, a 916: 868: 821:Article XXVIII – Of the Lord's Supper 4171: 3439:  (1998). "Holy Communion". In 3271: 3209: 3074:Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity 2502: 2390: 1965:adding citations to reliable sources 1932: 1891:Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament 1591:adding citations to reliable sources 1558: 1386:The shape of Order 1 is as follows: 1282: 1065: 993: 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 3509: 3418:Eucharist: Symbol of Transformation 3031:; Mulhall, Daniel S., eds. (2006). 2986: 2972:Lectures on the Augsburg Confession 2947:; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (2005). 2931:(rev. ed.). London: Rivingtons 2617: 2426:The Study of Liturgy, 1991, p. 316 1546:Fifteen sets of seasonal provisions 24: 6014:Ritualism in the Church of England 3738:History of Christianity in Britain 3367: 3350:The True Doctrine of the Eucharist 3298:. London: Hodder & Stoughton. 2991:. New York: Morehouse Publishing. 2591:Pelikan, Oswald & Lehmann 1999 2066:Reservation, consumption, disposal 923:Lord's Supper in Reformed theology 25: 6101: 5602:Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate 4802:List of Anglican church composers 4292:Coronation of the British monarch 3625: 3353:. London: Longmans, Green, and Co 3317:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). 3195:. New York: Infobase Publishing. 2023:, separating the area around the 1928: 1809: 1355: 1232:(the breaking of the bread), the 1103:First English Prayer Book of 1549 844:Varieties of eucharistic theology 6052: 5950:Elizabethan Religious Settlement 4126: 3719: 3143:. London: Yale University Press. 2447:The Anglican Spiritual Tradition 2248: 2142:Anglican Communion and ecumenism 1937: 1563: 1519:Two versions of the commandments 1193:The Celebration of the Eucharist 170: 34: 5915:Bible translations into English 4647:To Thee before the close of day 4376:Seven Last Words from the Cross 3678: 3064:– via Project Canterbury. 2895: 2855: 2830: 2784:Portman, William (1 May 2000). 2777: 2746: 2709: 2700: 2655: 2635: 2596: 2548: 2468: 2459: 2436: 1752: 1053: 933:Declaration concerning Kneeling 630:and in different traditions of 45:needs additional citations for 6090:Anglican theology and doctrine 4604:Benedictus (Song of Zechariah) 3050:Herbert Stowe, Walter (1932). 2420: 2305: 2170:, as well as the commission's 1825:(the deacon being ordained in 1706:, and a black scarf (called a 1528:Four invitations to Confession 1433:Consecration of bread and wine 1292:The Book of Common Prayer 1662 1133:The Gathering of the Community 678:, associated with the English 614:(abbr: BCP), specifically its 13: 1: 6080:Anglican Eucharistic theology 3416:Crockett, William R. (1989). 2987:Ely, Beth Wickenberg (2012). 2279: 1857:) above the altar, i.e., the 1672: 1492:Consecrate the bread and wine 1478:Pray for the church and world 786:. Central to the rite is the 682:and, later, erroneously with 589:Anglican eucharistic theology 18:Anglican eucharistic theology 5785:Thanksgiving after Communion 5589:Divine Worship: Daily Office 5127:Directory for Public Worship 5100:Book of Alternative Services 4629:O God, make speed to save us 3706:Continuing Anglican movement 3607:Thinking about the Eucharist 3347:Vogan, Thomas S. L. (1871). 3313:Smith, Sydney Fenn (1912). " 3296:Celebrating the Anglican Way 2630:Cross & Livingstone 2005 2199:, have substituted the word 1540:Four prayers after communion 1488:Praise God for his goodness 1151:The Proclamation of the Word 1097:because of the principle of 7: 4700:Glory to God in the highest 4105:Anglicanism of the Americas 3241:Poulson, Christine (1999). 3191:Murphy, Russell E. (2007). 3035:. New York: Paulist Press. 2241: 1180:: Very varied in form. The 10: 6106: 5740:Communion under both kinds 5582:Divine Worship: The Missal 3810:Dissolution of Monasteries 3395:Cocksworth, Christopher J. 3281:. London: Charles H. Kelly 3113:Losch, Richard R. (2002). 2313:"The Thirty-Nine Articles" 2139: 975:Second Helvetic Confession 920: 908: 705: 618:and Article XXVIII of the 538:Christian views on alcohol 297:Communion under both kinds 69:"Eucharist in Anglicanism" 6047: 5887: 5793: 5707: 5534: 5377:Feast of the Annunciation 5293: 5158: 5143:Revised Common Lectionary 5083: 4908: 4835: 4797:Great Four Anglican Hymns 4772: 4432: 4347:Mass of the Presanctified 4335:Mass of the Lord's Supper 4177: 4123: 4115:Reformed Episcopal Church 4067: 3967: 3900: 3728: 3717: 3686: 3210:Neal, Gregory S. (2014). 3157:. Yale University Press. 2721:Anglican Church of Canada 1537:Seven Gospel Acclamations 1498:Respond with thanksgiving 1236:, which is optional, the 889:". Article XXVIII of the 809:and to the present as an 790:or "Great Thanksgiving". 398:Catholic historical roots 5497:Feast of Christ the King 4807:List of Anglican hymnals 3748:Anglo-Saxon Christianity 3532:Douglas, Brian (2012a). 3516:The Shape of the Liturgy 3445:The Study of Anglicanism 2643:The Study of Anglicanism 2376:Mattox & Roeber 2012 2284: 1794:and regional churches. 1420:Prayers of intercession 1350:The Promise of His Glory 1307:Alternative Service Book 1165:; the recitation of the 1157:. This is followed by a 1129:The Liturgy of the Word 1099:lex orandi, lex credendi 1089:As mentioned above, the 738:lex orandi, lex credendi 608:ecclesiastical provinces 489:Denominational teachings 6059:Christianity portal 5845:Origin of the Eucharist 5664:Liturgy of Saint Tikhon 4732:Prayer of Humble Access 4419:Nine Lessons and Carols 4133:Christianity portal 4075:Converts to Anglicanism 3770:Augustine of Canterbury 2887:Gros & Mulhall 2006 2136:Ecumenical developments 1853:(often surmounted by a 1710:). This is a priest's " 1262:Prayer of Humble Access 1234:Prayer of Humble Access 1119:elevating the Eucharist 1117:as possible, including 831:. The Catechism of the 784:ecclesiastical province 657:believe that this is a 649:universally affirm the 640:Evangelical Anglicanism 393:Origin of the Eucharist 322:Feast of Corpus Christi 5709:Eucharistic discipline 5575:Book of Divine Worship 5541:Western Rite Orthodoxy 4308:Exhortation and Litany 4302:Dedication of a church 4110:Free Church of England 3139:Thomas Cranmer: A Life 2903:Campbell, Ted (1996). 2759:The Conciliar Anglican 2209: 2124:. As mentioned above, 2088:Article XXVIII of the 2086: 2077: 1690: 1634: 1436:Receiving of communion 1430:Receiving of offerings 1270:Gloria in Excelsis Deo 1086: 1021: 984: 914: 909:΀οῦτο ἐστι Ο„ΟŒ ΟƒαΏΆΞΌΞ¬ ΞΌΞΏΟ… 728: 647:eucharistic theologies 6039:Vestments controversy 5993:The Parson's Handbook 5955:Prayer Book Rebellion 5925:Choral Evensong (BBC) 5699:Stations of the Cross 5113:The Books of Homilies 5094:Book of Common Prayer 4480:General Intercessions 4241:Anointing of the sick 4205:(Vespers or Evensong) 4198:Prayer During the Day 4100:Anglican prayer beads 3982:Book of Common Prayer 3939:Lambeth Quadrilateral 3790:Medieval architecture 3711:Personal ordinariates 3644:Eucharistic Adoration 3609:. London: SCM Press. 3328:Spurr, Barry (2010). 3320:Catholic Encyclopedia 3230:Pelikan, Jaroslav Jan 2180: 2081: 2072: 1887:eucharistic adoration 1719:Book of Common Prayer 1680: 1628: 1555:Customary of the rite 1467:A profession of faith 1461:At least two readings 1178:Prayers of the People 1135:: beginning with the 1078:Book of Common Prayer 1073: 1016: 1008:Edward Bouverie Pusey 979: 953:Peter Martyr Vermigli 904: 837:Book of Common Prayer 762:Sacraments have both 743:Book of Common Prayer 720:Book of Common Prayer 715: 706:Further information: 655:Evangelical Anglicans 612:Book of Common Prayer 282:Practices and customs 5940:Convergence Movement 5879:Thirty-nine Articles 5679:Personal ordinariate 5639:Ecclesiastical Latin 4683:Words of Institution 4678:Memorial Acclamation 4532:The Lord be with you 3933:Thirty-nine Articles 3825:Apostolic succession 3701:Anglican realignment 3420:. New York: Pueblo. 3315:Union of Christendom 3133:MacCulloch, Diarmaid 3092:Lears, T. J. Jackson 2673:, pp. 463, 629. 2374:, pp. 349–350; 2098:Bishop of Gloucester 2090:Articles of Religion 1961:improve this section 1914:Thirty-Nine Articles 1739:Articles of Religion 1587:improve this section 1427:Sharing of the peace 1332:Sharing of The peace 1266:Words of Institution 1217:Words of Institution 1182:passing of the peace 1095:eucharistic theology 900:Bishop of Gloucester 891:Thirty-Nine Articles 829:Thirty-Nine Articles 702:Sacramental theology 661:, while those of an 620:Thirty-Nine Articles 600:sacramental theology 263:Words of Institution 54:improve this article 6085:Anglican sacraments 6004:Prayer for the dead 5972:Liturgical Movement 5945:English Reformation 5910:Anglican sacraments 5780:Spiritual Communion 5470:(some churches use 5358:Baptism of the Lord 4742:Lift up your hearts 4584:Trinitarian formula 3800:English Reformation 3743:Celtic Christianity 3007:Gibson, Edgar C. S. 2968:"The Lord's Supper" 2743:, pp. 664–665. 2697:, pp. 107–108. 2545:, pp. 666–667. 2256:Christianity portal 2148:Raphael of Brooklyn 1633:, Bristol, England. 1184:may be placed here. 941:English Reformation 708:Anglican sacraments 616:eucharistic prayers 543:Eucharistic miracle 5977:Millenary Petition 5905:Anglican devotions 5900:Anglican Communion 5840:Liturgical colours 5775:Reserved sacrament 5511:Principal Holy Day 5185:Baptismal clothing 5133:Edwardine Ordinals 5036:Processional cross 4909:Liturgical objects 4695:Collect for Purity 4505:Laying on of hands 4475:Episcopal blessing 4381:Three Hours' Agony 4352:Good Friday Prayer 4297:Churching of women 3856:King James Version 3696:Anglican Communion 3637:2013-12-02 at the 2966:Diehl, G. (1888). 2443:John R. H. Moorman 2341:Herbert Stowe 1932 1799:Anglican Communion 1691: 1635: 1481:Confess their sins 1402:Collect of the day 1207:), a preface, the 1201:eucharistic prayer 1087: 917:Pneumatic presence 887:transubstantiation 869:Corporeal presence 788:eucharistic prayer 729: 659:pneumatic presence 628:Anglican Communion 455:Transubstantiation 317:Reserved sacrament 206:Ritual and liturgy 6067: 6066: 5930:Christian liturgy 5617:Blessed Sacrament 5564:Anglican Breviary 5536:Anglo-Catholicism 5479: 5168: 5041:Sacramental bread 4827:Voluntary (music) 4579:Sign of the cross 4559:Processional hymn 4554:Priestly Blessing 4407:Banns of marriage 4227: 4214: 4206: 4193: 4139: 4138: 4045:Books of Homilies 3887:Anglo-Catholicism 3820:Church of Ireland 3815:Church of England 3616:978-0-334-01651-9 3566:978-90-04-22126-0 3543:978-90-04-21930-4 3454:978-0-8006-3151-2 3427:978-0-916134-98-3 3408:978-0-521-40441-9 3386:978-0-900531-06-4 3339:978-0-7188-3073-1 3305:978-0-340-64268-9 3252:978-0-7190-5537-9 3221:978-1-4908-6007-7 3202:978-1-4381-0855-1 3183:978-0-8028-6694-3 3124:978-0-8028-0521-8 3105:978-0-226-46970-6 3083:978-1-59244-424-3 3042:978-1-61643-809-8 2998:978-0-8192-2815-4 2958:978-0-19-280290-3 2923:Blunt, John Henry 2914:978-0-664-25650-0 2651:978-0-8006-2087-5 2455:978-0-87243-125-6 2432:978-0-19-520922-8 2274:Transignification 2264:Christian Liturgy 2230:Pope John Paul II 2225:Apostolicae curae 2166:developed by the 2030:sign of the cross 1997: 1996: 1989: 1896:Individuals will 1631:St Mary Redcliffe 1623: 1622: 1615: 1495:Receive communion 1475:Prepare the table 1364:Faith in the City 1283:Church of England 1076:1845 illustrated 1066:Shape of the rite 1036:sacramental union 1010:(a leader of the 1000:consubstantiation 994:Consubstantiation 957:Bernardino Ochino 833:Church of England 817:Anglican doctrine 803:Blessed Sacrament 718:1845 illuminated 688:sacramental union 676:consubstantiation 636:Anglo-Catholicism 586: 585: 450:Transignification 445:Sacramental union 423:Consubstantiation 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 6097: 6057: 6056: 6009:Reformed worship 5999:Paschal greeting 5982:Ornaments Rubric 5860:Passion of Jesus 5818:Ex opere operato 5760:Host desecration 5730:Church etiquette 5472:Pentecost Season 5469: 5162: 5085:Liturgical books 4817:Metrical psalter 4764:Ten Commandments 4747:Holy, Holy, Holy 4599:Athanasian Creed 4564:Recessional hymn 4258:Christian burial 4225: 4212: 4204: 4191: 4172:Anglican liturgy 4166: 4159: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4131: 4130: 3877:Nonjuring schism 3872:Caroline Divines 3723: 3673: 3666: 3659: 3650: 3649: 3620: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3570: 3555:  (2012b). 3554: 3547: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3488: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3458: 3438: 3431: 3412: 3390: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3343: 3324: 3309: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3268: 3256: 3237: 3225: 3206: 3187: 3168: 3144: 3142: 3128: 3109: 3087: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3046: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3002: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2962: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2918: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2877: 2875: 2874: 2865:. 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Horsley 710: 704: 692:Oxford Movement 582: 553: 552: 528: 520: 519: 490: 482: 481: 467:Sacramentarians 413: 403: 402: 388: 380: 379: 366: 327:First Communion 283: 275: 274: 207: 199: 198: 197: 182: 165: 158: 151: 147: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6103: 6093: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6048: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6029:Thomas Cranmer 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5967:Latitudinarian 5964: 5959: 5958: 5957: 5952: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5891: 5889: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5857: 5852: 5842: 5837: 5830: 5828:means of grace 5821: 5814: 5805: 5799: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5770:Open communion 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5724:Versus populum 5713: 5711: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5644:English Missal 5641: 5636: 5631: 5630: 5629: 5624: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5593: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5545: 5543: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5502: 5501: 5500: 5499: 5493:Stir-up Sunday 5490: 5485: 5462: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5443: 5442: 5441: 5420: 5408: 5407: 5406: 5401: 5399:Passion Sunday 5396: 5394:Laetare Sunday 5391: 5379: 5374: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5343: 5342: 5341: 5336: 5324: 5323: 5322: 5320:Gaudete Sunday 5317: 5304: 5302: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5255:Pectoral cross 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5190:Canterbury cap 5187: 5182: 5177: 5171: 5169: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5152: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5135: 5130: 5123: 5120:Common Worship 5116: 5109: 5102: 5097: 5089: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5055:Sanctuary lamp 5052: 5047: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4969: 4967:Baptismal font 4964: 4959: 4954: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4851: 4850: 4839: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4782:Anglican chant 4778: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4750: 4749: 4744: 4734: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4722: 4712: 4707: 4705:Holy Communion 4702: 4697: 4692: 4690:Bidding-prayer 4687: 4686: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4655: 4651: 4650: 4643: 4638: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4592: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4545: 4544: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4461: 4460: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4436: 4434: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4409: 4399: 4398: 4397: 4396: 4395: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4372: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4360: 4359: 4344: 4343: 4342: 4332: 4327: 4316: 4311: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4272: 4267: 4266: 4265: 4255: 4254: 4253: 4251:Minor exorcism 4243: 4238: 4233: 4229: 4228: 4217: 4216: 4208: 4200: 4195: 4187: 4181: 4179: 4175: 4174: 4169: 4168: 4161: 4154: 4146: 4137: 4136: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4071: 4069: 4068:Related topics 4065: 4064: 4062: 4061: 4048: 4041: 4039:Biblical canon 4036: 4031: 4029:Evening Prayer 4022: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3977: 3975: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3929: 3928: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3906: 3904: 3898: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3777: 3772: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3751: 3750: 3745: 3734: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3676: 3675: 3668: 3661: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3641: 3627: 3626:External links 3624: 3622: 3621: 3615: 3605:, ed. 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5444: 5440: 5436: 5435:Holy Saturday 5432: 5428: 5427:Holy Thursday 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5415: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5389:Ash Wednesday 5387: 5386: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5350: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5339:Midnight Mass 5337: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5330: 5329: 5328:Christmastide 5325: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5315:Advent Sunday 5313: 5312: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5296: 5292: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5172: 5170: 5166: 5161: 5157: 5151: 5148: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5128: 5124: 5122: 5121: 5117: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5108: 5107: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4976:Communion cup 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4844: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4754:Sign of peace 4752: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4739: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4660: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4636: 4635:Phos hilarion 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4624:Nunc dimittis 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595:Divine Office 4594: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4538: 4537:Lord's Prayer 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4404: 4403: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4358: 4355: 4354: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4348: 4345: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4281: 4278: 4277: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4264: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4256: 4252: 4249: 4248: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4236:Advent wreath 4234: 4231: 4230: 4224: 4223: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4211:Night Prayer 4209: 4207: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4176: 4167: 4162: 4160: 4155: 4153: 4148: 4147: 4144: 4134: 4129: 4122: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3911: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3899: 3893: 3892:Modern Church 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3740: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3674: 3669: 3667: 3662: 3660: 3655: 3654: 3651: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3618: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3588: 3584: 3583:Gore, Charles 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3562: 3558: 3549: 3545: 3539: 3535: 3530: 3518: 3517: 3512: 3508: 3496: 3495: 3490: 3482: 3470: 3469: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3372: 3352: 3351: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3331: 3326: 3322: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3297: 3292: 3280: 3279: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3244: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3166: 3160: 3156: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3141: 3140: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3107: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3055: 3054: 3048: 3044: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3029:Gros, Jeffrey 3026: 3014: 3013: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2994: 2990: 2985: 2973: 2969: 2964: 2960: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2900: 2888: 2883: 2869:on 2018-10-08 2868: 2864: 2858: 2844:on 2018-10-17 2843: 2839: 2833: 2826: 2821: 2814: 2809: 2807: 2791: 2787: 2780: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2749: 2742: 2737: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2703: 2696: 2691: 2684: 2683:Marshall 2017 2679: 2672: 2667: 2661:Canons A3, A5 2658: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2638: 2631: 2626: 2619: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2592: 2587: 2585: 2578:, p. 54. 2577: 2572: 2565: 2564:1-62-89204-39 2561: 2557: 2551: 2544: 2539: 2532: 2527: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2504: 2500: 2495: 2489:, p. 40. 2488: 2483: 2476: 2471: 2462: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2433: 2429: 2423: 2416: 2411: 2404: 2399: 2392: 2387: 2385: 2378:, p. 54. 2377: 2373: 2368: 2361: 2356: 2354: 2346: 2342: 2337: 2335: 2318: 2314: 2308: 2301: 2300:Campbell 1996 2296: 2294: 2289: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2251: 2246: 2239: 2237: 2236: 2231: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2220:Pope Leo XIII 2217: 2212: 2208: 2206: 2205:substantially 2203:for the word 2202: 2198: 2194: 2193:substantially 2190: 2186: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2153: 2152:Episcopalians 2149: 2143: 2133: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2116: 2115:churchmanship 2112: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2085: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2046: 2041: 2039: 2034: 2031: 2026: 2022: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1991: 1988: 1980: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1946:This section 1944: 1940: 1935: 1934: 1926: 1924: 1923:sanctus bells 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1874: 1871: 1870:sanctus bells 1867: 1863: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1696: 1688: 1684: 1683:William White 1679: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1642: 1640: 1632: 1627: 1617: 1614: 1606: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1572:This section 1570: 1566: 1561: 1560: 1552: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1513: 1510: 1506: 1503: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1446:Introduction 1444: 1441: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1389:Introduction 1387: 1384: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1314: 1304: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1280: 1272:and blessing. 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1137:Lord's Prayer 1134: 1131: 1130: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1072: 1063: 1061: 1051: 1048: 1043: 1039: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1028:Martin Luther 1024: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 991: 989: 983: 978: 976: 971: 969: 964: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 937:Presbyterians 934: 929: 924: 913: 903: 901: 897: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 866: 863: 859: 855: 851: 841: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 791: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 760: 757: 752: 748: 744: 740: 739: 734: 726: 722: 721: 714: 709: 699: 697: 693: 689: 685: 684:Martin Luther 681: 677: 673: 669: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 643: 641: 637: 633: 632:churchmanship 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 594: 590: 579: 574: 572: 567: 565: 560: 559: 557: 556: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 530: 524: 523: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 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5410: 5381: 5369: 5347:Epiphanytide 5345: 5326: 5307: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5092: 5075:Wedding ring 4848:altar server 4836:Participants 4812:Mass (music) 4710:Nicene Creed 4645: 4633: 4390: 4386:Easter Vigil 4357:for the Jews 4340:Foot washing 4306: 4287:Consecration 4275:Confirmation 4220: 4185:Daily Office 4059:Broad church 4057: / 4053: / 4043: 4027: / 4020:Anglican Use 3980: 3948: 3931: 3854: 3606: 3593:10 September 3591:. 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