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supporters the
Frangipani, who was elected by the Cardinals, clergy, nobility and People of Rome. Anacletus' supporters included the entire Roman aristocracy, with the exception of the Frangipani, and the majority of the Cardinals. With the support of the People, and in opposition to the French Haimeric, the Pierleoni were powerful enough to take control of Rome, while Innocent was forced to flee north of the Alps.
4527:
349:
On the same day, the other cardinals, led by the senior
Cardinal Bishop, Pietro of Porto, met with the leaders of Rome in the Basilica of S. Marco, and announced that Innocent had not been canonically elected. He nominated Cardinal Pietro Pierleoni, a Roman whose family were the enemy of Haimeric's
345:
lay dying and the cardinals decided that they would entrust the election to a commission of eight men, led by papal chancellor
Haimeric, who had his candidate Cardinal Gregory Papareschi hastily elected as Pope Innocent II. He was consecrated on February 14, the day after Honorius' death.
370:, leaving Anacletus with few patrons. Anacletus had been a relatively acceptable candidate for the Papacy, being well-respected, so rumors centering on his descent from a Jewish convert were spread to blacken his reputation.
322:. One of his great-great grandparents, Benedictus, maybe Baruch in Hebrew, was a Jew who converted into Christianity. As a second son with ambitions, Pietro was destined for an ecclesiastical career. He studied in
294:
The lack of support from these key figures left
Anacletus with few patrons outside of Rome. Anacletus, with little remaining support, lived for several years and died with the crisis unresolved. In 1139 the
240:
was divided over his successor. Unusually, the election was entrusted to eight cardinals, who elected
Papareschi (Innocent II). A larger body of cardinals then elected Pierleoni, which led to a major
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By 1135 Anacletus' position was weak despite their aid, but the schism only ended with his death in 1138, after which
Gregorio Conti was elected as
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Arnulfi
Sagiensis, Episcopus Sexoviensis, "Tractatus de schismate orto post Honorii II papae decessum," Ludovico Antonio Muratori (editor),
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but submitted to
Innocent within a month. Innocent returned to Rome and ruled without opposition, quickly convening the
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wrote: "It is a disgrace for Christ that a Jew sits on the throne of St. Peter's." Among his supporters were duke
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Fryde, Natalie (2002). "Abelard and the Church's Policy towards the Jews". In
Gillingham, John (ed.).
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Die
Papstwahlen und die mit ihnen im Zusammenhange stehenden Ceremonien von 11.–14. Jahrhunderts
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Though the Pierleoni family mostly submitted to Innocent and his successors, Anacletus' brother
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Storia degli antipapi e di taluni memorabili avvenimenti delle epoche rispettive dello scisma
507:
366:, and other prominent reformers who helped him gain recognition from European rulers such as
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382:, whose title of "King of Sicily" Anacletus had approved by papal bull after his accession.
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The Schism of Anacletus II and the Glanfeuil Forgeries of Peter the Deacon of Monte Cassino
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Istoria degli Antipapi di Lodovico Agnello Anastasio arcivescovo di Sorrento. Tomo primo
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260:, Innocent gained the crucial support of the major religious orders, in particular
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330:
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1716:
1431:
1076:
1061:
1034:
688:
1139:
378:, who decided for him against the will of his own bishops, and the powerful
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1973:
1963:
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531:Étude historique sur le schisme d'Anaclet en Aquitaine de 1130 à 1136
675:
Anglo-Norman Studies XXIV: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2001
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632:
Symbols As Power: The Papacy Following the Investiture Contest'url=
225:
126:
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613:
The Jewish Pope: Ideology and Politics in the Papal Schism of 1130
333:. Later he went to Rome and occupied several important positions.
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1625:
1568:
4271:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
3714:
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2356:
2300:
2267:
316:
253:
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408:, actively opposed these successors in the following decade.
394:
323:
693:
2337:
2056:
308:
257:
191:
444:
Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants of the Popes
358:
North of the Alps, Innocent gained the crucial support of
248:. Anacletus had the support of most Romans, including the
4160:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
598:
Die Mitglieder des Kardinalcollegiums von 1130 bis 1159
393:
in 1139 and reinforcing the Church's teachings against
232:
from 1130 until his death in 1138. After the death of
4515:
4191:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
299:
ended the schism, although opinion remained divided.
573:
Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130–1181
463:
3264:
502:Tomus III, pars 1 (Milano 1723), pp. 423–432.
655:Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler Between East and West
4563:
4261:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
527:
287:and held a high rank in the court of the German
689:Catholic Encyclopaedia account of Anacletus II
634:https://books.google.com/books?id=yzrkey-3VUgC
605:Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049–1130
446:, (McFarland & Company, Inc., 1998), p. 24
3250:
1168:
1144:
709:
4276:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
4226:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
3257:
3243:
3097:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
1175:
1161:
716:
702:
562:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
549:Le famiglie di Anacleto II e di Gelasio II
397:, clerical marriage, and other practices.
658:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
582:Volume IX. 1130–1159 (London 1914), 1–66.
580:The Lives of the Popes in the Middle Ages
516:
505:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
32:This article includes a list of general
4564:
1556:
651:
629:
610:
545:
457:"Pierleóni nell'Enciclopedia Treccani"
3238:
1156:
1143:
697:
677:. The Boydell Press. pp. 99–108.
672:
592:. New York: Fordham University Press.
585:
469:
252:, and Innocent was forced to flee to
506:Anastasio, Lodovico Agnello (1754).
18:
4130:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
1182:
534:(in French). Poitiers: Henri Oudin.
13:
3685:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
523:. Napoli: Tipografico di G. Gioja.
517:Zigarelli, Daniello Maria (1859).
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
4613:
682:
4597:Italian people of Jewish descent
4549:
4537:
4525:
4492:
4480:
3811:Fourth Council of Constantinople
3766:Second Council of Constantinople
3219:
3218:
3207:
3175:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
2723:Criticism of the Catholic Church
1122:
1112:
1111:
637:. New York & Leiden: Brill.
307:Pietro was born to the powerful
23:
3781:Third Council of Constantinople
3705:First Council of Constantinople
1342:First seven ecumenical councils
485:, (Wiley & Sons, 2006), 86.
4020:Dissolution of the monasteries
3286:History of the Catholic Church
1917:Separation of church and state
475:
449:
436:
220:(died January 25, 1138), born
1:
4582:12th-century Christian clergy
3894:Fourth Council of the Lateran
3869:Second Council of the Lateran
3478:Apostles in the New Testament
1077:Conclavist/post-Sedevacantist
723:
429:
404:, who was then leader of the
4008:Catholic Counter-Reformation
3874:Third Council of the Lateran
3864:First Council of the Lateran
3320:Catholic ecumenical councils
512:. Napoli: Stamperia Muziana.
7:
500:Rerum Italicarum Scriptores
418:Papal selection before 1059
411:
353:
336:
228:who ruled in opposition to
10:
4618:
3354:History of the Roman Curia
3214:Catholic Church portal
542:(Göttingen 1871), 267–395.
492:
4475:
4375:
4241:
4168:
4103:
4090:European wars of religion
3987:
3922:
3824:
3746:
3637:
3560:
3420:
3409:
3401:Eastern Catholic Churches
3276:
3202:
3140:Aid to the Church in Need
3130:
2987:
2800:
2761:Vatican Television Center
2736:
2646:
2536:
2406:Eastern Catholic Churches
2387:
2276:
2169:
2116:
2041:
2012:
1937:
1862:
1797:
1742:
1661:
1531:
1445:
1377:
1322:
1241:
1218:
1190:
1150:
1145:Links to related articles
1107:
1075:
1054:Apostles of Infinite Love
1052:
1021:
1014:
978:
945:
934:
818:
777:
731:
615:. New York: E. J. Brill.
528:Richard, Étienne (1859).
205:
197:
185:
175:
170:
160:
138:
110:
102:
94:
83:
4221:Mary of the Divine Heart
3844:Clash against the empire
3796:Second Council of Nicaea
3690:Old St. Peter's Basilica
3082:Communion and Liberation
2546:Eastern Catholic liturgy
1711:Mystici Corporis Christi
1639:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
935:Late Middle Ages /
652:Houben, Herbert (2002).
360:St. Bernard of Clairvaux
4487:Vatican City portal
3839:Investiture Controversy
3695:First Council of Nicaea
1897:Philosophy of canon law
1827:Mariology of the saints
1407:Investiture Controversy
586:Bloch, Herbert (1952).
546:Fedele, Pietro (1904).
302:
281:Archbishop of Magdeburg
53:more precise citations.
4577:12th-century antipopes
4499:Catholicism portal
4310:Second Vatican Council
4196:Our Lady of La Salette
4003:Protestant Reformation
3990:Protestant Reformation
3909:Second Council of Lyon
3298:Ecclesiastical history
3150:Catholic Charities USA
2784:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
2772:Vatican Polyglot Press
1822:Mariology of the popes
1460:Protestant Reformation
1129:Catholicism portal
391:Second Lateran Council
376:William X of Aquitaine
297:second Lateran Council
4206:First Vatican Council
3904:First Council of Lyon
3668:Constantine the Great
3364:Christian monasticism
2904:Good Shepherd Sisters
2746:Holy See Press Office
1984:Doctors of the Church
1817:Immaculate Conception
1772:Anointing of the Sick
1307:History of the papacy
906:Victor IV (1159–1164)
630:Stroll, Mary (1991).
611:Stroll, Mary (1987).
246:Roman Catholic Church
16:Antipope 1130 to 1138
4592:Italian Benedictines
4383:Sexual abuse scandal
4292:Mit brennender Sorge
4135:Age of Enlightenment
3914:Bernard of Clairvaux
3791:Byzantine Iconoclasm
3730:Council of Chalcedon
3510:Council of Jerusalem
3379:Role in civilization
3359:Religious institutes
3291:By country or region
2777:L'Osservatore Romano
2715:Role in civilisation
2441:Croatian and Serbian
2189:Episcopal conference
2151:St. Peter's Basilica
1509:Sexual abuse scandal
1465:Catholic Reformation
442:George L. Williams,
372:Bernard of Clairvaux
283:who established the
262:Bernard of Clairvaux
4211:Papal infallibility
4201:Our Lady of Lourdes
4150:Shimabara Rebellion
3994:Counter-Reformation
3112:Neocatechumenal Way
3077:Charismatic Renewal
2791:Annuario Pontificio
2389:Particular churches
2065:Ecumenical councils
1837:Perpetual virginity
1672:Communitas perfecta
1616:Sermon on the Mount
538:Zöpffel, Richard.
481:Marjorie Chibnall,
368:Emperor Lothair III
364:Peter the Venerable
273:Peter the Venerable
151:Antipapal claimant:
4256:Our Lady of Fátima
4045:Ignatius of Loyola
3969:Catherine of Siena
3937:Pope Boniface VIII
3756:Benedict of Nursia
3725:Council of Ephesus
3562:Ante-Nicene period
3515:Split with Judaism
3349:Crusading movement
2949:Premonstratensians
1332:Ante-Nicene period
1210:Lists of Catholics
380:Roger II of Sicily
289:Emperor Lothar III
285:Premonstratensians
4513:
4512:
4507:
4506:
4467:COVID-19 pandemic
4445:Pope Benedict XVI
4350:Pope John Paul II
4125:Pope Benedict XIV
4111:French Revolution
4095:Thirty Years' War
4085:Robert Bellarmine
4070:John of the Cross
3974:Pope Alexander VI
3959:Council of Vienne
3889:Francis of Assisi
3879:Pope Innocent III
3748:Early Middle Ages
3742:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3680:Arian controversy
3633:
3632:
3581:Apostolic Fathers
3232:
3231:
2642:
2641:
2035:
1858:
1857:
1550:
1527:
1526:
1519:COVID-19 pandemic
1489:French Revolution
1479:Thirty Years' War
1387:Islamic conquests
1300:Apostolic fathers
1235:
1137:
1136:
1103:
1102:
1001:
1000:
778:Early Middle Ages
665:978-0-521-65573-6
644:978-90-04-09374-4
607:(Tübingen 1977) .
596:Zenker, Barbara.
578:Mann, Horace K.
315:, the son of the
277:Norbert of Xanten
250:Frangipani family
236:, the college of
215:
214:
79:
78:
71:
4609:
4602:Clergy from Rome
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4497:
4496:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4462:Patriarch Kirill
4335:Pope John Paul I
4140:Anti-clericalism
4120:Pope Innocent XI
4040:Society of Jesus
4025:Council of Trent
3979:Age of Discovery
3924:Late Middle Ages
3826:High Middle Ages
3816:East–West Schism
3700:Pope Sylvester I
3646:
3645:
3635:
3634:
3545:General epistles
3540:Pauline epistles
3473:John the Baptist
3456:Great Commission
3418:
3417:
3369:Catholic culture
3259:
3252:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3222:
3221:
3212:
3211:
2954:Redemptoristines
2802:Religious orders
2728:Anti-Catholicism
2678:Church buildings
2538:Catholic liturgy
2278:Consecrated life
2136:Apostolic Palace
2103:Synod of Bishops
2039:
2038:
2015:
1621:Ten Commandments
1554:
1553:
1536:
1437:Age of Discovery
1271:Great Commission
1239:
1238:
1223:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1154:
1153:
1141:
1140:
1127:
1126:
1115:
1114:
1019:
1018:
943:
942:
901:Victor IV (1138)
819:High Middle Ages
718:
711:
704:
695:
694:
678:
669:
648:
626:
600:(Würzburg 1964).
593:
571:Brixius, J. M.
567:
561:
553:
535:
524:
513:
486:
479:
473:
467:
461:
460:
453:
447:
440:
343:Pope Honorius II
326:and entered the
234:Pope Honorius II
230:Pope Innocent II
222:Pietro Pierleoni
189:January 25, 1138
180:Pietro Pierleoni
171:Personal details
165:Pope Innocent II
106:January 25, 1138
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49:this article by
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4393:World Youth Day
4371:
4360:World Youth Day
4304:Pacem in terris
4298:Pope John XXIII
4237:
4164:
4155:Edict of Nantes
4113:
4109:
4099:
4065:Teresa of Ávila
4060:Tridentine Mass
3996:
3992:
3983:
3964:Knights Templar
3918:
3820:
3776:Gregorian chant
3734:
3660:
3657:
3654:
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3641:
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3556:
3425:
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3405:
3272:
3270:Catholic Church
3263:
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3160:Relief Services
3126:
3072:Catholic Action
3062:Military orders
2999:Confraternities
2991:of the faithful
2990:
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2316:Prior, Prioress
2272:
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2161:Vatican Museums
2112:
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2027:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2008:
1933:
1887:Social teaching
1854:
1793:
1738:
1693:One true church
1657:
1634:Sixtine Vulgate
1630:Official Bible
1544:
1540:
1535:
1523:
1441:
1373:
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1288:Petrine primacy
1231:
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1214:
1186:
1184:Catholic Church
1181:
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1138:
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1121:
1099:
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997:
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814:
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666:
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623:
603:Hüls, Rudolf.
555:
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468:
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455:
454:
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437:
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406:Commune of Rome
356:
339:
305:
268:, the Abbot of
256:. North of the
190:
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153:
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143:Roman claimant:
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4281:Lateran Treaty
4278:
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4106:Baroque period
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4087:
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4075:Peter Canisius
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4050:Francis Xavier
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4014:Exsurge Domine
4010:
4005:
3999:
3997:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3954:Pope Clement V
3951:
3950:
3949:
3947:Avignon Papacy
3942:Western Schism
3939:
3934:
3932:Thomas Aquinas
3928:
3926:
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3808:
3803:
3798:
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3786:Saint Boniface
3783:
3778:
3773:
3771:Pope Gregory I
3768:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3710:Biblical canon
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3664:
3662:
3643:
3639:Late antiquity
3631:
3630:
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3617:
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3607:
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3600:
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3586:Pope Clement I
3576:Church Fathers
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3382:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3337:Biblical canon
3332:Catholic Bible
3329:
3328:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3282:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3262:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3216:
3203:
3200:
3199:
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3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3178:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3107:Legion of Mary
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3036:Lay Carmelites
3033:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
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2993:
2985:
2984:
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2936:
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2896:
2891:
2886:
2884:Conceptionists
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2819:Assumptionists
2815:
2813:
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2787:
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2563:
2558:
2553:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2521:Syro-Malankara
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2471:Italo-Albanian
2468:
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2255:
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2191:
2180:
2178:
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2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2141:Lateran Treaty
2138:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2088:
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2067:
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2053:
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2036:
2010:
2009:
2007:
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2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
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1971:
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1961:
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1930:
1929:
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1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:Moral theology
1874:
1868:
1866:
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1852:
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1404:
1399:
1394:
1392:Pope Gregory I
1389:
1383:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1364:Biblical canon
1361:
1359:Late antiquity
1356:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1295:Church fathers
1292:
1291:
1290:
1285:
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1268:
1263:
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1229:Ecclesiastical
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984:
982:
976:
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973:
972:
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962:
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951:
949:
940:
938:Western Schism
932:
931:
929:
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923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
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883:
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831:Anastasius III
828:
822:
820:
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815:
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812:
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805:Constantine II
802:
797:
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779:
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732:Late Antiquity
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4216:Pope Leo XIII
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4186:United States
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3859:Scholasticism
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3834:Pope Urban II
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3666:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3610:Justin Martyr
3608:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3578:
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3559:
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3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
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3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3520:New Testament
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3483:Commissioning
3481:
3480:
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3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
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3449:
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3444:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:Apostolic Age
3423:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
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3347:
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3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3313:Papal primacy
3311:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3260:
3255:
3253:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3225:
3217:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3155:Home Missions
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
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3100:
3098:
3095:
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3090:
3088:
3085:
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3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3048:Saint Francis
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:Saint Dominic
3029:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
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2986:
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2860:
2857:
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2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Bethlehemites
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
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2808:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2766:Vatican Radio
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2751:Vatican Media
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
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2735:
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2608:
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2601:
2598:
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2579:
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2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
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2554:
2552:
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2547:
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2524:
2522:
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2514:
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2402:
2399:
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2378:
2375:
2373:
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2365:
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2348:
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2336:
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2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
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2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2295:
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2290:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:List of popes
2044:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1832:Mother of God
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1717:People of God
1715:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1705:Infallibility
1703:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1581:Body and soul
1579:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1484:Enlightenment
1482:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1455:Protestantism
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Scholasticism
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:Schism (1378)
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:Schism (1054)
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1142:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1040:Gregory XVIII
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1004:
1003:
994:
991:
989:
986:
985:
983:
981:
977:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
960:Benedict XIII
958:
956:
953:
952:
950:
948:
944:
941:
939:
933:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
916:Callixtus III
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
821:
817:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
776:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
736:
734:
730:
726:
719:
714:
712:
707:
705:
700:
699:
696:
690:
687:
686:
676:
671:
667:
661:
657:
656:
650:
646:
640:
636:
635:
628:
624:
618:
614:
609:
606:
602:
599:
595:
591:
590:
584:
581:
577:
574:
570:
565:
559:
551:
550:
544:
541:
537:
533:
532:
526:
522:
521:
515:
511:
510:
504:
501:
497:
496:
484:
478:
471:
466:
458:
452:
445:
439:
435:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
409:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
351:
347:
344:
334:
332:
329:
325:
321:
318:
314:
310:
300:
298:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
211:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:
188:
184:
178:
174:
169:
166:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
144:
141:
137:
134:
130:
128:
123:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
82:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
4544:Christianity
4454:
4450:Pope Francis
4376:21st century
4325:Pope Paul VI
4302:
4290:
4243:20th century
4230:
4181:Pope Pius IX
4169:19th century
4145:Pope Pius VI
4012:
3884:Latin Empire
3854:Universities
3806:Pope Leo III
3673:Christianity
3658:state church
3650:Great Church
3451:Resurrection
3414:(30–325/476)
3411:Early Church
3396:Latin Church
3391:Papal States
3386:Vatican City
3194:Universities
3026:Third orders
2989:Associations
2979:Visitandines
2974:Trinitarians
2924:Mercedarians
2909:Hieronymites
2854:Camaldoleses
2839:Benedictines
2829:Augustinians
2789:
2782:
2775:
2756:Vatican News
2710:Distinctions
2516:Syro-Malabar
2401:Latin Church
2323:Grand master
2221:Metropolitan
2118:Vatican City
2013:Organisation
1892:Philosophers
1757:Confirmation
1734:In canon law
1728:Subsistit in
1726:
1722:Three states
1709:
1670:
1663:Ecclesiology
1645:Nova Vulgata
1643:
1601:Original sin
1596:Nicene Creed
1586:Divine grace
1545:
1427:Universities
1397:Papal States
1324:Great Church
1266:Resurrection
1243:Early Church
1067:Gregory XVII
1030:Gregory XVII
970:Benedict XIV
965:Clement VIII
921:Innocent III
896:Anacletus II
895:
891:Celestine II
886:Gregory VIII
881:Sylvester IV
841:Boniface VII
674:
654:
631:
612:
604:
597:
588:
579:
572:
548:
539:
530:
519:
508:
499:
482:
477:
465:
451:
443:
438:
425:(since 1274)
399:
384:
357:
348:
340:
306:
293:
221:
218:Anacletus II
217:
216:
150:
142:
133:Celestine II
125:
114:
103:Papacy ended
95:Papacy began
89:Anacletus II
65:
56:
37:
4572:1138 deaths
4556:Catholicism
4456:Laudato si'
4251:Pope Pius X
4080:Philip Neri
4055:Pope Pius V
4030:Thomas More
3899:Inquisition
3801:Charlemagne
3761:Monasticism
3571:Persecution
3463:Holy Spirit
3446:Crucifixion
3325:First seven
3184:Health care
3170:Pax Christi
3122:Schoenstatt
3087:Sant'Egidio
2919:Legionaries
2899:Franciscans
2874:Cistercians
2869:Carthusians
2824:Annonciades
2683:Altarpieces
2576:West Syriac
2571:East Syriac
2551:Alexandrian
2175:Holy orders
2156:Swiss Guard
2096:Dicasteries
2091:Roman Curia
1989:Evangelists
1947:Holy Family
1882:Personalism
1872:Natural law
1850:Josephology
1784:Holy orders
1422:Inquisition
1379:Middle Ages
1369:Monasticism
1337:Constantine
1261:Crucifixion
988:Alexander V
955:Clement VII
911:Paschal III
866:Clement III
861:Honorius II
836:Christopher
483:The Normans
328:Benedictine
266:Cistercians
147:Innocent II
122:Honorius II
111:Predecessor
51:introducing
4566:Categories
4329:coronation
4035:Pope Leo X
3620:Tertullian
3550:Revelation
3525:Background
2939:Oratorians
2894:Dominicans
2864:Carmelites
2859:Camillians
2807:institutes
2620:Tridentine
2556:Antiochian
2476:Macedonian
2421:Belarusian
2311:Provincial
2226:Archbishop
2146:Roman Rota
2108:Properties
2033:By country
2029:Precedence
1994:Confessors
1974:Archangels
1964:Patriarchs
1864:Philosophy
1842:Veneration
1807:Assumption
1777:Last rites
1744:Sacraments
1688:Four marks
1499:Vatican II
1447:Modern era
1283:Succession
1095:Michael II
1062:Clement XV
1015:Modern era
993:John XXIII
926:Nicholas V
856:Benedict X
851:Gregory VI
785:Laurentius
744:Hippolytus
470:Fryde 2002
430:References
320:Pier Leoni
210:Pier Leoni
161:Opposed to
59:March 2012
34:references
4587:Antipopes
4532:Biography
4345:Communism
4315:Ecumenism
3661:(380–451)
3653:(180–451)
3642:(313–476)
3564:(100–325)
3180:See also:
3132:Charities
3041:Discalced
2969:Trappists
2964:Theatines
2934:Olivetans
2879:Clarisses
2849:Blue nuns
2834:Basilians
2811:societies
2719:See also:
2605:Mozarabic
2595:Ambrosian
2581:Malankara
2566:Byzantine
2526:Ukrainian
2501:Ruthenian
2466:Hungarian
2451:Ethiopian
2426:Bulgarian
2393:sui iuris
2377:Postulant
2286:Religious
2241:Auxiliary
2236:Coadjutor
2206:Patriarch
2074:Cardinals
2021:Canon law
2017:Hierarchy
1999:Disciples
1922:Relations
1910:Evolution
1901:See also:
1846:See also:
1799:Mariology
1789:Matrimony
1762:Eucharist
1683:Ecumenism
1611:Salvation
1547:Catechism
1542:Tradition
1504:Communism
1352:Chalcedon
1090:Pius XIII
1085:Michael I
1045:Peter III
1023:Palmarian
871:Theodoric
826:John VIII
790:Dioscorus
764:Ursicinus
754:Heraclius
725:Antipopes
558:cite book
387:Victor IV
341:In 1130,
313:Pierleoni
238:cardinals
224:, was an
198:Residence
155:Victor IV
139:Successor
129:claimant:
127:Antipapal
118:claimant:
4355:HIV/AIDS
3849:Crusades
3603:Irenaeus
3596:Ignatius
3591:Polycarp
3441:Ministry
3429:(30–100)
3303:Timeline
3224:Category
3117:Opus Dei
3102:Scouting
3092:Focolare
2959:Servites
2944:Piarists
2889:Crosiers
2625:Anglican
2561:Armenian
2491:Romanian
2481:Maronite
2456:Georgian
2446:Eritrean
2431:Chaldean
2416:Armenian
2411:Albanian
2292:Superior
2251:Emeritus
2231:Diocesan
2084:Advisers
2043:Holy See
1969:Prophets
1927:Politics
1698:Catholic
1678:Councils
1533:Theology
1412:Crusades
1347:Nicaea I
1278:Apostles
1256:Ministry
1225:Timeline
1205:Glossary
1117:Category
1035:Peter II
876:Adalbert
846:John XVI
795:Theodore
769:Eulalius
759:Felix II
749:Novatian
739:Natalius
412:See also
402:Giordano
354:Conflict
337:Election
226:antipope
85:Antipope
4518:Portals
4320:Judaism
3720:Vulgate
3530:Gospels
3505:Stephen
3422:Origins
3342:Vulgate
3278:General
3268:of the
3266:History
3189:Schools
3145:Caritas
3053:Secular
3019:Workers
2914:Jesuits
2700:Museums
2695:Library
2673:Writers
2668:Artists
2648:Culture
2615:Paul VI
2496:Russian
2486:Melkite
2328:Brother
2306:General
2246:Titular
2216:Primate
2194:Eparchy
2184:Diocese
2131:Outline
2070:College
2060:Francis
2004:Virgins
1979:Martyrs
1905:Science
1812:History
1767:Penance
1752:Baptism
1653:Worship
1626:Vulgate
1574:Kingdom
1569:Trinity
1557:General
1312:Primacy
1220:History
1200:Outline
1006:Felix V
947:Avignon
800:Paschal
552:. Roma.
493:Sources
244:in the
206:Parents
47:improve
4286:Nazism
4108:to the
3715:Jerome
3625:Origen
3308:Papacy
3067:Fimcap
3009:Marian
2929:Minims
2661:Marian
2511:Syriac
2506:Slovak
2436:Coptic
2372:Oblate
2367:Master
2362:Novice
2357:Hermit
2345:Sister
2301:Abbess
2268:Deacon
2263:Priest
2258:Parish
2201:Bishop
2171:Polity
1957:Joseph
1939:Saints
1606:Saints
1494:Nazism
810:Philip
662:
641:
619:
317:consul
279:, the
275:; and
254:France
242:schism
36:, but
4388:Islam
3656:Roman
3615:Canon
3488:Peter
3436:Jesus
3165:CIDSE
3014:Youth
2738:Media
2705:Music
2630:Zaire
2610:Roman
2600:Braga
2590:Latin
2461:Greek
2333:Friar
2297:Abbot
2211:Major
2126:Index
2025:Laity
1591:Dogma
1538:Bible
1514:Islam
1470:Trent
1251:Jesus
1233:Legal
1195:Index
395:Usury
324:Paris
309:Roman
270:Cluny
116:Roman
4438:2023
4433:2019
4428:2016
4423:2013
4418:2011
4413:2008
4408:2005
4403:2002
4398:2000
4365:1995
3535:Acts
3498:Paul
3493:John
3468:Mary
2690:Folk
2338:Monk
2079:List
2057:Pope
1952:Mary
980:Pisa
660:ISBN
639:ISBN
617:ISBN
564:link
303:Life
258:Alps
201:Rome
192:Rome
186:Died
176:Born
98:1130
3424:and
3374:Art
3004:Lay
2656:Art
2350:Nun
2072:of
1564:God
291:.
264:'s
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2809:,
2299:,
560:}}
556:{{
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568:.
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