20:
300:), a formal speech by troupe members to introduce themselves and thank the show's patron. Comedians then provide an introductory slapstick skit, before inviting the lead actress to the stage for a performance, during which they will provide improvised jokes and playful insults to the audience. At the end of the dance set, comedians direct jokes at the actress, who rebuts them and defends herself.
325:
word meaning "gentle". The form originated as a royal court dance performed by female dancers and was originally confined to the royal court. However, after the end of the
Konbaung dynasty in 1885, anyeint troupes were forced to seek work outside and popularized a hybrid dance and comedic performance
341:
In the colonial era, famous anyeint actresses often became recording artists and were the headlines of anyeint shows, as composers wrote individual songs and dances suited to them. However, the importance of the lead actress has diminished. Anyeint reached its height in the 1970s, during a period of
373:
administrations, troupes commonly included political satire and critiques, including social commentary, as part of their skits. However, since 1988, regulations have become stricter, with comedians who perform political satire subject to arrest. From 1988 to 1992, a military curfew at night
822:
793:
395:
troupes in the country, now mandates a full dress rehearsal to audit for any questionable content (such as jokes targeted at government officials, or cross-dressing scenes).
402:, has frequently performed in anyeint. In 1986, he formed the Mya Ponnama Anyeint troupe, whose performances have appeared on television. The Burmese performance art
391:, lit. "Rose Master") in 2010, censorship of play contents have become stricter; the Myanmar Motion Picture Enterprise, the censorship body that regulates all
1318:
673:
801:
212:
theater. Although lead actresses were once the main focus of performances, the focus has now shifted to the comedic skits performed.
617:
521:
446:
841:
578:
1674:
880:
263:, Kyaw Kyaw Bo, have featured as comedians. Comedians typically dressed in checkered-patterned Taungshay-style
1611:
1374:
638:
Diamond, Catherine (2000). "Burmese Nights: the Pagoda
Festival Pwe in the Age of Hollywood's 'Titanic'".
1755:
1639:
1308:
1616:
1589:
1479:
1298:
719:
148:
of popular troupes' performances are also widely distributed; politically insensitive ones, including
1679:
1158:
1740:
1228:
343:
47:
1544:
1339:
1323:
1271:
900:
334:, who patronised and sponsored these performances. The first known anyeint troupe was formed in
1594:
1078:
290:
Anyeint performances begin with a recitation and explanation of ancient verses, followed by a
1745:
1218:
1143:
438:
823:
Thee Lay Thee & Colorful
Anyeint, Burmese Performance Troupe, a success in San Francisco
720:"A Delicate Balance: Negotiating Isolation and Globalization in the Burmese Performing Arts"
1649:
1509:
1504:
1469:
1241:
1103:
457:
8:
1684:
1601:
1429:
1364:
1354:
873:
52:
204:
performed by clowns. The result is a sequence of solo and group dances. The costumes of
1606:
1569:
1564:
1554:
1539:
1524:
1474:
1454:
1369:
1359:
1246:
1153:
774:
739:
655:
354:(The Hundred Moon Troupe). In 1973, the troupe's scriptwriter, Maung Myat Hmaing wrote
529:
1621:
1574:
1499:
1484:
1419:
1394:
1389:
1006:
659:
613:
478:
442:
743:
494:
1750:
1714:
1699:
1644:
1534:
1519:
1379:
1344:
1303:
1283:
1256:
1236:
1203:
1173:
1031:
1001:
905:
766:
731:
647:
552:
322:
98:
66:
61:
35:
1659:
1584:
1529:
1444:
1424:
1414:
1409:
1399:
1261:
1126:
1036:
946:
915:
845:
407:
358:, which was one of the first Burmese plays to include the concept of democracy.
1719:
1689:
1664:
1631:
1559:
1514:
1459:
1449:
1434:
1404:
1349:
1293:
1121:
1016:
910:
866:
475:
Continuum encyclopedia of popular music of the world: Volume 5 Asia and
Oceania
735:
651:
326:
that has become popular throughout Burma, especially appealing to the growing
313:), although this portion is now omitted from contemporary anyeint programmes.
235:, although this term is falling out of usage) provide entertainment while the
1734:
1709:
1694:
1669:
1654:
1579:
1494:
1384:
1334:
1208:
1188:
1168:
1046:
1011:
951:
941:
936:
362:
331:
141:
90:
838:
303:
In the past, the anyeint performance was concluded with a verse play called
1704:
1549:
1489:
1439:
1251:
1193:
1148:
1088:
1083:
1021:
993:
981:
966:
961:
251:
revival. In more recent times, well-known film actors and singers, such as
482:
1464:
1183:
1138:
1061:
1026:
976:
338:
around 1900, by comedian U Chit Phwe and his wife, dancer Ma Sein Thone.
185:
181:
757:
Guyot, James F. (Feb 1997). "Burma in 1996: One
Economy, Two Polities".
586:
1288:
1278:
1266:
1178:
1111:
1073:
1056:
1051:
971:
956:
931:
778:
209:
197:
19:
1213:
1093:
1041:
403:
270:
260:
201:
137:
770:
1163:
1066:
399:
347:
335:
327:
240:
133:
278:
256:
208:
performers are identical to those worn by puppets in traditional
86:
1116:
849:
607:
370:
265:
252:
1198:
1131:
889:
244:
82:
78:
461:
366:
269:(sarongs) and wear loose coats, a development innovated by
826:
674:"LA ရင်ခွင်သို့နှင်းဆီ အငြိမ့်သဘင်နှင့် စတိတ်ရှိုး ကြေညာ"
406:
has also performed anyeint, which is an influence in his
145:
858:
579:"Myanmar TV show inspires young generation of comedians"
200:
or to music are interspersed with comedic dialogue and
794:"Censorship target: Burmese traditional dance troupes"
522:"In Singapore, expatriates enjoy a traditional treat"
101:
word for traditional entertainment. While classical
180:). Well-known film actresses and singers, including
116:
troupes such as Thee Lay Thee & Say Yaung Zoun (
433:Seekins, Donald M. (2006) "Anyeint (Anyeint Pwe)"
144:, which have large Burmese immigrant populations.
346:, with one of the most influential troupes being
27:troupe (Eternal Rose) in Singapore on 6 Mar 2011.
1732:
608:Falconer, John; Luca Invernizzi Tettoni (2000).
553:"VCD Political Comedy Draws Laughter in Rangoon"
282:(xylophone) music, accompanies the performance.
196:dances to instrumental music and singing either
576:
93:, in theatrical performances. It is a form of
874:
386:
308:
295:
276:A small all-male music orchestra, led by the
230:
220:
175:
153:
127:
117:
39:
23:Comedians performing together as part of the
713:
711:
458:Myanmar Anyeint, Myanmar theatre performance
158:), have been banned by Burmese authorities.
105:can be quite formal and almost ritualistic,
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
374:prohibited all-night anyeint performances.
881:
867:
765:(2). University of California Press: 192.
646:(3). Cambridge University Press: 227–248.
633:
631:
629:
429:
427:
425:
423:
273:, an influential 19th-century performer.
688:
473:Shepherd, John (2005) "Myanmar (Burma)"
435:Historical dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)
18:
791:
717:
637:
467:
1733:
626:
420:
862:
756:
550:
519:
132:) have performed overseas, including
60:
495:"Thee Lay Thee & Say Yaung zon"
437:Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Maryland,
247:were successful comedians in early
109:is considered light entertainment.
13:
718:Diamond, Catherine (Spring 2009).
612:. Tuttle Publishing. p. 218.
577:Zon Pann Pwint (13 October 2009).
14:
1767:
166:The lead singer and dancer in an
81:entertainment form that combines
551:Paung, Shah (27 December 2007).
520:Thein, Cherry (4 October 2010).
321:The name "anyeint" comes from a
1675:Dance in mythology and religion
832:
816:
785:
750:
666:
610:Burmese design and architecture
601:
570:
544:
513:
487:
451:
215:Slapstick comedians, known as
1:
413:
188:, are often featured as lead
161:
7:
10:
1772:
316:
170:performance is called the
16:Burmese entertainment form
1630:
1317:
1227:
1102:
992:
924:
896:
888:
736:10.1162/dram.2009.53.1.93
652:10.1017/s0266464x00013865
387:
377:Since the release of the
309:
296:
285:
231:
221:
176:
154:
128:
119:သီးလေးသီးနှင့်ဆေးရောင်ဆုံ
118:
112:In recent years, popular
85:with instrumental music,
70:
40:
792:Phanida (12 July 2011).
398:The Burmese comedian,
28:
640:New Theatre Quarterly
477:Continuum, page 197,
22:
1640:Dance and disability
356:Dancer of the Ganges
1685:Dance on television
829:, February 2, 2009.
77:) is a traditional
1756:Indigenous theatre
844:2010-04-30 at the
589:on 7 November 2011
29:
1728:
1727:
1680:Dance occupations
1617:Wallis and Futuna
619:978-962-593-882-0
447:978-0-8108-5476-5
239:changes outfits.
62:[ʔəɲḛiɰ̃]
1763:
1715:History of dance
1700:Dance technology
1645:Dance and health
1595:African-American
883:
876:
869:
860:
859:
853:
836:
830:
820:
814:
813:
811:
809:
800:. Archived from
789:
783:
782:
754:
748:
747:
730:(1): 1054–2043.
724:The Drama Review
715:
686:
685:
683:
681:
670:
664:
663:
635:
624:
623:
605:
599:
598:
596:
594:
585:. Archived from
574:
568:
567:
565:
563:
548:
542:
541:
539:
537:
528:. Archived from
517:
511:
510:
508:
506:
491:
485:
471:
465:
455:
449:
431:
390:
389:
323:Burmese language
312:
311:
299:
298:
234:
233:
224:
223:
194:anyeint minthami
179:
178:
172:anyeint minthami
157:
156:
131:
130:
121:
120:
72:
64:
59:
54:
45:
44:
43:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1741:Arts in Myanmar
1731:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1660:Dance etiquette
1626:
1385:Burma (Myanmar)
1325:
1321:
1313:
1262:Lead and follow
1223:
1159:Country–western
1098:
1079:Novelty and fad
1037:Hoochie coochie
988:
947:closed position
920:
916:List of dancers
892:
887:
857:
856:
846:Wayback Machine
837:
833:
821:
817:
807:
805:
804:on 12 July 2011
790:
786:
771:10.2307/2645487
755:
751:
716:
689:
679:
677:
672:
671:
667:
636:
627:
620:
606:
602:
592:
590:
575:
571:
561:
559:
549:
545:
535:
533:
532:on 16 July 2011
518:
514:
504:
502:
501:. December 2008
493:
492:
488:
472:
468:
456:
452:
432:
421:
416:
408:performance art
319:
288:
192:actresses. The
177:အငြိမ့်မင်းသမီး
164:
91:comedy routines
57:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1769:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1720:Women in dance
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Dance research
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Dance notation
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1329:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
998:
996:
990:
989:
987:
986:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
934:
928:
926:
922:
921:
919:
918:
913:
911:List of dances
908:
903:
897:
894:
893:
886:
885:
878:
871:
863:
855:
854:
831:
815:
784:
749:
687:
665:
625:
618:
600:
569:
543:
512:
486:
466:
450:
418:
417:
415:
412:
383:Hninzi Thakhin
344:socialist rule
318:
315:
287:
284:
163:
160:
150:Say Yaung Zoun
124:Htawara Hninzi
25:Htawara Hninzi
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1768:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:Dancing mania
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1695:Dance science
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1670:Dance in film
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:Dance costume
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1590:United States
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Faroe Islands
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1047:Neo-Burlesque
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
991:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
952:open position
950:
948:
945:
943:
942:close embrace
940:
939:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
927:
925:Participation
923:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
895:
891:
884:
879:
877:
872:
870:
865:
864:
861:
851:
850:Free Zarganar
847:
843:
840:
835:
828:
824:
819:
803:
799:
795:
788:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
753:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
675:
669:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
634:
632:
630:
621:
615:
611:
604:
588:
584:
583:Myanmar Times
580:
573:
558:
557:The Irrawaddy
554:
547:
531:
527:
526:Myanmar Times
523:
516:
500:
499:The Irrawaddy
496:
490:
484:
480:
476:
470:
463:
459:
454:
448:
444:
440:
436:
430:
428:
426:
424:
419:
411:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
384:
380:
375:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
339:
337:
333:
332:British Burma
329:
324:
314:
306:
301:
293:
283:
281:
280:
274:
272:
268:
267:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
228:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
173:
169:
159:
151:
147:
143:
142:United States
139:
135:
125:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:; also spelt
68:
63:
55:
49:
37:
33:
26:
21:
1746:Asian dances
1705:Dance troupe
1650:Dance awards
1545:Pontic Greek
1252:Dance theory
1242:Choreography
1154:Contemporary
834:
818:
806:. Retrieved
802:the original
798:Mizzima News
797:
787:
762:
759:Asian Survey
758:
752:
727:
723:
678:. Retrieved
676:(in Burmese)
668:
643:
639:
609:
603:
591:. Retrieved
587:the original
582:
572:
560:. Retrieved
556:
546:
534:. Retrieved
530:the original
525:
515:
503:. Retrieved
498:
489:
474:
469:
462:Myanmar Arts
453:
434:
397:
392:
382:
378:
376:
360:
355:
351:
340:
320:
304:
302:
291:
289:
277:
275:
264:
248:
236:
226:
217:lu shwin daw
216:
214:
205:
193:
189:
171:
167:
165:
149:
123:
113:
111:
106:
102:
94:
74:
51:
31:
30:
24:
1535:Philippines
1520:Netherlands
1510:Middle East
1062:Table dance
1027:Go go dance
1007:Competitive
388:နှင်းဆီသခင်
361:During the
222:လူရွှင်တော်
186:Yadana Khin
182:May Than Nu
155:ဆေးရောင်ဆုံ
129:ထာရဝနှင်းဆီ
1735:Categories
1602:Uzbekistan
1370:Azerbaijan
1279:Musicality
1247:Connection
1204:Postmodern
1174:Historical
1057:Striptease
1052:Pole dance
1002:Ceremonial
957:slow dance
414:References
352:Lamin Taya
292:pari kamma
210:marionette
198:a cappella
162:Characters
1607:Venezuela
1570:Sri Lanka
1565:Singapore
1525:Nicaragua
1455:Indonesia
1360:Australia
1229:Technique
1127:formation
1042:Lap dance
839:Htein Lin
680:15 August
660:190693966
593:15 August
562:15 August
536:15 August
505:15 August
483:493643751
404:Htein Lin
330:class in
271:U Po Sein
261:Htun Htun
202:slapstick
138:Singapore
1622:Zimbabwe
1575:Thailand
1500:Malaysia
1485:Kiribati
1395:Cameroon
1390:Cambodia
1380:Bulgaria
1355:Assyrian
1324:national
1319:Regional
1299:Spotting
1294:Sequence
1272:glossary
1219:Two-step
1164:Flamenco
1149:Breaking
1144:Boogaloo
1122:Ballroom
1067:Twerking
1032:Grinding
1017:Ecstatic
842:Archived
744:57564331
400:Zarganar
363:colonial
348:Mandalay
336:Mandalay
328:merchant
310:ဇာတ်ကြီး
241:Zarganar
237:minthami
140:and the
134:Thailand
75:a-nyeint
53:a ngrim.
1751:Singing
1632:Related
1612:Vietnam
1585:Ukraine
1495:Kurdish
1465:Ireland
1445:Hungary
1435:Georgia
1420:Denmark
1410:Croatia
1375:Belarus
1365:Austria
1350:Armenia
1340:Albania
1304:Turnout
1189:Lyrical
1169:Hip-hop
1012:Concert
937:Partner
906:Outline
827:MoeMaKa
808:13 July
779:2645487
439:page 77
393:anyeint
379:anyeint
317:Origins
305:zat kyi
297:ပရိကမ္မ
279:pattala
257:Nay Toe
249:anyeint
227:lu pyet
206:anyeint
190:anyeint
168:anyeint
114:anyeint
107:anyeint
99:Burmese
79:Burmese
71:အငြိမ့်
67:Burmese
42:အငြိမ့်
36:Burmese
32:Anyeint
1580:Turkey
1560:Serbia
1555:Russia
1550:Romani
1540:Poland
1505:Mexico
1470:Israel
1440:Greece
1425:Europe
1400:Canada
1335:Africa
1326:dances
1284:Pointe
1257:Graham
1237:Ballet
1194:Modern
1117:Ballet
1104:Styles
1089:Street
1084:Sacred
1022:Erotic
994:Social
982:square
967:contra
962:circle
777:
742:
658:
616:
481:
445:
371:Ne Win
286:Format
266:longyi
253:Ye Lay
232:လူပျက်
122:) and
97:, the
89:, and
1515:Nepal
1490:Korea
1480:Japan
1475:Italy
1450:India
1405:China
1309:Turns
1267:Moves
1209:Swing
1199:Polka
1184:Latin
1139:Belly
1132:waltz
977:round
901:Index
890:Dance
775:JSTOR
740:S2CID
656:S2CID
381:play
245:Kutho
225:) or
83:dance
48:MLCTS
1530:Peru
1460:Iran
1415:Cuba
1345:Arab
1289:Pole
1179:Jazz
1112:Acro
1074:Folk
972:line
932:Solo
810:2011
682:2011
614:ISBN
595:2011
564:2011
538:2011
507:2011
479:OCLC
443:ISBN
369:and
367:U Nu
259:and
243:and
184:and
146:VCDs
87:song
58:IPA:
1214:Tap
1094:War
767:doi
732:doi
648:doi
350:'s
103:pwe
95:pwe
1737::
848:,
825:,
796:.
773:.
763:37
761:.
738:.
728:53
726:.
722:.
690:^
654:.
644:29
642:.
628:^
581:.
555:.
524:.
497:.
460:,
441:,
422:^
410:.
365:,
255:,
136:,
69::
65:;
56:;
50::
46:;
38::
1328:)
1322:(
882:e
875:t
868:v
852:.
812:.
781:.
769::
746:.
734::
684:.
662:.
650::
622:.
597:.
566:.
540:.
509:.
464:.
385:(
307:(
294:(
229:(
219:(
174:(
152:(
126:(
34:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.