Portuguese architecture

3954: 4004: 3123: 2705: 2261: 2443: 2025: 156: 2833: 2636: 145: 3885: 3606: 3871: 1624: 2237: 3899: 2621: 3007: 4056: 2047: 2606: 181: 3942: 2654: 2968: 4516: 3589: 3523: 3927: 3913: 3377: 4044: 1296: 1099: 174: 1241: 4018: 1761: 2212: 163: 1613: 3062: 1806: 4032: 3261: 3726: 1307: 3236: 2861: 3990: 3976: 3506: 1892: 1116: 3112: 3783: 3395: 1484: 520: 607: 2403: 725:. For defensive reasons, these hillforts were built over elevated terrain and were surrounded by rings of stone walls (Terroso had three wall rings). The houses inside the castros are about 3.5 to 5 meters long, mostly circular with some rectangular, stone-made and with thatch roofs which rested on a wood column in the centre of the building. Their streets are somewhat regular, suggesting some form of central organization. Baths were built in some of them, like in 910: 5498: 192: 772: 35: 4089: 742: 1495: 1356:(begun in 1096), one of the fundamental works of the first Portuguese Romanesque, although the project was modified several times during the 12th century. The relevance of its architecture and sculptures with diverse architectural influences make this temple a case study that is reflected in the production of further Romanesque art of the nascent kingdom of Portugal. 1794:, built during the 13th century; even though its floorplan, façade and elevation are inspired by Lisbon Cathedral, its forms (arches, windows, vaults) are already Gothic. Many Gothic churches maintained the fortress-like appearance of Romanesque times, like the already-mentioned Évora Cathedral, the Church of the Monastery of Leça do Balio (14th century) near 2857:, due to the court pomp, remained in the Baroque. It is an architecture that follows the international taste in decoration, and, as a result of the contrast between dark granite and white walls, has a clearly Portuguese profile. The decoration is naturalist, based mainly in shells and leaves but also with architectural elements and sculpture. 1410:, one of the most important of the monastic foundations of the time, although the current building is the result of a 16th-century remodelling. Afonso Henriques and his successors also sponsored the building of many cathedrals in the bishop seats of the country. This generation of Romanesque cathedrals included the already-mentioned Braga, 3621:, had a late arrival and short duration in the history of Portugal, flourishing largely between 1905 and 1920. In terms of international relationships, Portuguese Arte Nova is more in line with the school of French Art Nouveau than the Austrian schools of the time. The use of Arte Nova was largely spread by the urban elite of the 2680:, the baroque underwent a time of splendour and wealth completely new in Portugal. Despite the destruction wreaked by the 1755 earthquake, the quality of the buildings which have survived to this day is still impressive. The Palácio da Ribeira, the Royal Chapel (both destroyed in the earthquake) and the 3793:

Although Portuguese architecture is usually associated with the internationally accredited Alvaro Siza, there are others equally responsible for the positive trends in current architecture. "Many Portuguese architects are sons of Siza, but Tavora is a grandfather to all of us". The influence of Sizas

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Although the period of this style did not last long (from 1490 to 1520), it played an important part in the development of Portuguese art. The influence of the style outlived the king. Celebrating the newly maritime power, it manifested itself in architecture (churches, monasteries, palaces, castles)

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The most influential artist of Arte Nova is Francisco Augusto da Silva Rocha. He designed many buildings both in Aveiro and in other cities in Portugal, while actually not being an architect (it was common for Aveiro that time). One of them has both an exterior and interior of Art Nouveau and now

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Though neoclassical trends persisted throughout Portugal well beyond the larger European period of neoclassicism, Porto produced the greatest number of architects and buildings practicing neoclassical styles, the movement not having gained as much support or traction in Lisbon. Of the northern

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under the name of Philip II). The first architect was the Spaniard Diogo de Torralva, who began the work in 1557, only to be finished in 1591 by Philip II's architect, the Italian Filippo Terzi. This magnificent, two-storey cloister is considered one of the most important examples of Mannerist

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Baroque architecture in Portugal enjoys a very special situation and a different timeline from the rest of Europe. It is conditioned by several political, artistic and economic factors, that originate several phases, and different kinds of outside influences, resulting in a unique blend.

2673:, Brazil. Mining exploration was strongly controlled by the Portuguese Crown, which imposed heavy taxes on everything extracted (one fifth of all gold would go to the Crown). These enormous proceeds caused Portugal to prosper and become the richest country of Europe in the 18th century. 3833:

There is a new generation of Portuguese architects with remarkable works being awarded internationally. The Prize Europe 40 Under 40, created by The European Centre for Architecture Art Design and Urban Studies and The Chicago Athenaeum: Museum of Architecture and Design, have awarded

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The application of iron architecture was limited to certain fields of building, largely either infrastructural, such as bridges, railway stations, and elevators, or buildings relevant to the common good, such as exhibition halls, municipal markets, or commercial centers.

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with three chapels covered with rib vaulting. These churches also lacked towers and were mostly devoid of architectural decoration, in tone with mendicant ideals. Mendicant Gothic was also adopted in several parish churches built all over the country, for instance in

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was ostentation: the style was brought by a conservative bourgeoisie who wanted to express their might by decorative façades leaving interiors conservative. Another distinctive feature of Arte Nova was using locally produced tiles with Art Nouveau motifs.

3537:), largely began to manifest during the last quarter of the 19th century. While revolutionary in regards to technical advancement, structural integrity, and other engineering feats, the stylistic trends of iron architecture were almost completely based in 1509:(begun c.1147) is very similar to Coimbra Cathedral, except that the West façade is flanked by two massive towers, a feature observed in other cathedrals like Oporto and Viseu. In general, Portuguese cathedrals had a heavy, fortress-like appearance, with 1197:

were built in Portuguese territory during Muslim domination, but virtually all were either destroyed or altered and turned into churches and cathedrals. The only clear example of a former mosque in Portugal is present-day Mértola's Main Church, initially

3038:. The Marquis of Pombal imposed strict conditions on the rebuilding. Architectural models were tested by having troops march around them to simulate an earthquake, making the Pombaline one of the first examples of earthquake-resistant construction. The 1202:

built in the 12th century. Once the village was reconquered, the mosque was partially altered and converted into a church. Its interior has a nearly square-shaped floorplan with 4 aisles, and a total of 12 columns supporting a subsequent 16th-century

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covering a distance of 11.18 miles, with emphasis on the section over the Alcântara valley because of the monumentality of the imposing arches. However, across the country, are still visible marks of the pomp of the time in major or small works. The

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refers to the influence of Islamic art in the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula, specially in the Middle Ages. In the Alentejo, Mudéjar influence in several buildings is evident in the profile of windows and portals, often with horseshoe

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by George Kubler. Basically mannerist, this style also marked by a clear structure, a sturdy appearance with smooth, flat surfaces and a moderate arrangement of space, lacking excessive decorations. It is a radical break with the decorative

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hosts the Museum of Arte Nova – it is the Major Pessoa Residence. Another notable example is the Former Cooperativa Agrícola featuring hand-painted tiles. There are some Art Nouveau sculptures at the Central cemetery of Aveiro as well.

3042:, the Augusta street and the Avenida da Liberdade are notable examples of this architecture. This Square of Commerce was given a regular, rational arrangement in line with the reconstruction of the new Pombaline Downtown, the Baixa. 2917:

near Braga, built by the architect Carlos Luis Ferreira Amarante is a notable example of a pilgrimage site with a monumental, cascading Baroque stairway that climbs 116 metres. This last example already shows the shift in style to

3475:, dating from 1892 and designed by architect António José Dias da Silva, as well as numerous famous estates, such as the 1877 Palácio Ribeira da Cunha in the Príncipe Real district and 1891 Palácio Conceição da Silva, on the 1983:

Starting in the 14th century, keep towers became larger and more sophisticated, with rib vaulting roofs and facilities like fireplaces. Keep towers with improved residential characteristics can be found in the castles of

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Baltasar Alvares built some of the most impressive examples in this style : the Sé Nova of Coimbra (1598–1640), the S Lourenço or Grilos church in Porto (begun 1614) and the church S Antão in Lisbon (1613–1656; now

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has a relief showing Christ and the Evangelists. The Founder's Chapel and the Chapter House have elaborate star-ribbed vaulting, unknown in Portugal until then. Batalha influenced 15th-century workshops like those of

2736:(known in Portugal as João Frederico Ludovice) as the architect. This German goldsmith had received some experience as an architect, working for the Jesuits in Rome. His design for the palace is a synthesis of 988:

influenced Christian buildings in the future Portuguese territory, as seen on the few structures that survived from this period. The most important of these is the Church of São Pedro de Lourosa, located near

2793:, Antonio Canevari and Custódio Vieira), described by contemporaries as the ‘greatest work since the Romans’. It provided Lisbon with water, but also the many new monumental fountains built by the Hungarian 1562:

meant that many castles had to be built to protect villages from Moor and Castilian attacks. King Afonso Henriques sponsored the building of many fortifications (often transforming Moorish castles such as

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in the church S. Antonio dei Portoghesi. After the benediction, the chapel was disassembled and transported to Lisbon. It was assembled again in 1747 in the S Roque church. It is opulently decorated with

5027: 3468:, designed by António da Fonseca Júnior, characterised by often fantastical, fairytale like architectural and decorative features en vogue in other parts of Europe such as Austria and Germany. 1090:

district in Lisbon, have retained the street layouts from Muslim times. Contrasting with neighbouring Spain however, very few Islamic buildings in Portugal have survived intact to this day.

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and others. Manueline buildings also usually carry elaborate portals with spiralling columns, niches and loaded with Renaissance and Gothic decorative motifs, like in Jerónimos Monastery,

932:) starting in the 5th century AD. Very few buildings survive from the period of Visigoth domination (c.580–770), most of them modified in subsequent centuries. One of these is the small 2778:

was brought to Lisbon to draw up the plans. But this project was also toned down because Juvarra only stayed for a few months and left – breaking his contract – for London.

1665:, a magnificent example of the clear and simple architectural forms favoured by the Cistercians. The church was built between 1178 and 1252 in three phases, and seems inspired by the 1787:(high row of windows on the upper storey). The ambulatory has a series of radiant chapels illuminated with large windows, contrasting with the dark Romanesque nave of the cathedral. 883:, country houses dedicated to agriculture. Many villae contained facilities likes baths and were decorated with mosaics and paintings. Important sites are the Villae of Pisões (near 5032: 3652: 2066:

style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century, incorporating maritime elements and representations of the discoveries brought from the voyages of

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Pilgrimage places became fashionable, often built in places of rough prominence, allowing impressive staircases of big scenographic effect. André Soares worked in the region of

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in Portugal, owing to its highly nationalistic characteristics and history, which flourished from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th in Portugal and

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Kingsley, Karen, Gothic Art, Visigothic Architecture in Spain and Portugal: A Study in Masonry, Documents and Form, 1980; International Census of Doctoral Dissertations in

3026:. It follows the Plain style of the military engineers, with regular, rational arrangements, mixed with Rococo details and a Neo-classical approach to structure. The Baixa 3953: 1907:

Another Gothic variant was the so-called Mudéjar-Gothic, a fashion which developed in Portugal towards the end of the 15th century, particularly in the southern region of

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Toman, Rolf – Romanik; Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Köln, 1996 (in Dutch translation : Romaanse Kunst : Architectuur, Beeldhouwkunst, Schilderkunst)

4323: 2374: 1964:. Compared to previous castles, Gothic castles in Portugal tended to have more towers, often of circular or semi-circular plan (to increase resistance to projectiles), 5088: 5073: 5017: 768:, streets, theatres, temples, baths, aqueducts and other public buildings. An efficient array of roads and bridges was built to link the cities and other settlements. 5058: 4372:

Toman, Rolf – Barock ; Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Köln, 1997 (in Dutch translation : Barok : Architectuur, Beeldhouwkunst, Schilderkunst);

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did not catch on well in Portugal. Introduced by a French architect in 1517, it was mainly practiced from the 1530s on by foreign architects and was therefore called

1352:. The Benedictines and other religious orders gave great impulse to Romanesque architecture during the whole 12th century. Count Henry sponsored the building of the 1256:

was introduced in Portugal between the end of the 11th and the beginning of the 12th century. The most influential of the first Portuguese Romanesque monuments were

5078: 3801:, built in 1960s and designed by Rui Atouguia, Pedro Cid, and Alberto Pessoa, is one of the very best, defining examples of 20th-century Portuguese architecture. 598:, also located near Évora, is the largest of the Iberian Peninsula, containing nearly 100 menhirs arranged in two elliptical arrays on an east–west orientation. 703: 4003: 3835: 3092:. Quickly after its introduction to mainstream Portuguese architecture, two emergent schools of neoclassicism in Portugal emerged: a northern school, based in 730: 2370: 1146:. Built between the 8th and 13th centuries, Silves Castle has preserved its walls and square-shaped towers from the Moorish period, as well as 11th-century 1086:. Traditional houses in cities and villages in Portugal may have simple, white façades evoking Islamic influence. Some Southern neighbourhoods like the old 3360:, the greatest concentration of works are located in Lisbon, from where the majority of original Manueline designs and monuments are found, and the nearby 1173:

near Lisbon, has also kept some remains of walls and a cistern from that time. Part of the Moorish city walls have been preserved in Lisbon (the so-called

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origin, having had additional features incorporated at a later stage. The inner spaces of these buildings are all divided by typical horseshoe arches. The

280:, as well as the architectural heritage/patrimony of Portuguese architects and styles throughout the world, particularly in countries formerly part of the 5397: 4352:

Kubler, George, "Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521–1706 " ; Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, Connecticut 1972;

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in the period 1532–1540. Its beautiful and clear architecture turns it into one of the best early Renaissance buildings in Portugal. The small church of

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The worships of Braga and Rates were very influential in Northern Portugal. Extant 12th-century Romanesque monastic churches are found in Manhente (near

4427: 3326:, such as twisted ropes, exotic fruits and vegetables (like pineapples and artichokes), sea monsters, and sea plants (like coral and algae branches). 2536: 1952:

and several churches and palaces in Évora, Elvas, Arraiolos, Beja, etc. Múdejar eventually gave in to the Manueline style in the early 16th century.

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were built and can still be found in the Cathedrals of Oporto, Lisbon and Évora (all from the 14th century) as well as in monasteries like Alcobaça,

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José Fernandes Pereira identified the first period from 1651 to 1690 as a period of experimentation. This period saw the rise of the combination of

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in Lisbon and the episcopal palace in Coimbra. He had an enormous production and, besides churches, he also built several aqueducts and fortresses.

4714: 4327: 3692: 2937:. Several country houses and manors in late-Baroque style were built in this period. Typical examples are the homes of the Lobo-Machado family (in 291:, Portuguese architecture reflects the artistic influences of the various cultures that have either inhabited Portugal or come in contact with the 3851: 3425:, a fashion which flourished at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century. The style's popularity in Portugal was vastly concentrated in 4627: 4132: 3847: 3890: 3884: 3843: 2384: 2292: 3870: 1210:, modifications to the roof, and removal of aisles added Christian architectural features to the structure. Despite the changes, the original 2558: 4172:"Architectura von Ausstellung, Symmetrie und Proportion der Säulen" (Architecture of Exhibition, Symmetry and Proportion of Columns) (1591) 4117: 3876: 2697:

took on national characteristics because of the significance and richness of the decorations. The painting, sculpture, decorative arts and

1575: – who became responsible for the defence of borders and villages. The Templar Knights built several fortresses along the line of the 4009: 2439:

that was already the standard in Spain, the Portuguese continued to apply the plain style to express their separate identity as a people.

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Although many originated during the Islamic period, most Portuguese castles were extensively remodelled after the Christian reconquest.

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Underwood, D.K. – "The Pombaline Style and International Neoclassicism in Lisbon and Rio de Janeiro."; U. of Pennsylvania Editor, 1988

3046: 339:, and many more. Because of the history of the Portuguese Empire, several countries across the world are home to sizable heritages of 99: 5217: 4301: 4266: 4055: 1036:

Saint Frutuoso Chapel was also modified in the 10th century, when the arm chapels were given a round floorplan and horseshoe arches.

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The nave of the Setúbal Monastery is supported by spiralling columns, a typical Manueline feature that is also found in the nave of

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was one of the most popular architects in both Porto and Braga, designing numerous notable landmarks in either city, including the

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is among the most sumptuous Baroque buildings in Portugal. This monumental palace-monastery-church complex is even larger than the

52: 17: 2913:. One of his successors was the painter and architect José de Figueiredo Seixas, who had been one of his disciples. The sanctuary 1704:). Along the 13th and 14th centuries, several convents were founded in urban centres, important examples of which can be found in 4560: 3648: 3444:

Like the Neo-Manueline revival, the first works of Neo-Mudéjar in Portugal were done between 1839 and 1849 with the building of

3053:, built by Reinaldo Manuel dos Santos. The style is clearly visible in the urban arrangement and especially in the main square. 2996: 1968:

towers tended to be polygonal, and castle gates were often defended by a pair of flanking towers. A second, lower wall curtain (

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KUBLER, George, y SORIA, Martin, "Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal and their Dominions, 1500–1800", New York, 1959.

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characteristics, Pena Palace's large Neo-Manueline Window is a 19th-century adaptation of the large Manueline Window of the

2704: 1972:) were often built along the perimeter of the main walls to prevent war machines from approaching the castle. Features like 5584: 5543: 5332: 4707: 4465: 3904: 3827: 3461: 2485:. This influence can be seen in the façade of the S Lourenço or Grilos church in Porto, begun in 1622 by Baltasar Alvares. 2180: 1945: 1640: 690:) that for the most part continued to exist under Roman domination, when the area became incorporated into the province of 4017: 5697: 5641: 5412: 5387: 5347: 5129: 4470: 4043: 4031: 3122: 2882:

City Hall and Casa do Raio, among many others. The number of buildings and architects is large and, because the north of

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The year 1697 is an important year for Portuguese architecture. In that year gold, gems and later diamonds were found in

2548: 2423: 2397: 1673:. Its three aisles are very tall and slender, giving an exceptional impression of height. The whole church is covered by 1473: 85: 2832: 2407: 2354: 499: 5937: 5715: 5230: 4979: 4792: 4450: 1235: 895:). The latter has the well-preserved ruins of a three-storey tower which was part of the residence of the villa owner. 411: 3989: 3981: 3072:

The arrival of neoclassical trends in Portugal were largely postponed due to the reconstruction efforts following the

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of equal height, revealing an attempt to unify inner space which reaches its climax in the nave of the church of the

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During the Gothic era, several castles had to be either built or reinforced, especially along the border with the

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was totally remodelled in the first half of the 14th century, when it gained a Gothic ambulatory illuminated by a

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by the newcomers. Moorish presence influenced art and architecture, especially in Southern Portugal, where the

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style. This simplified style, caused by limited financial resources, expresses itself in the construction of

1264:. The Cathedral of Braga was rebuilt in the 1070s by bishop Pedro and consecrated in 1089, although only the 1135: 144: 5432: 3329:

The first recognized Neo-Manueline architectural works were done between 1839 and 1849 with the building of

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Francisco Velasquez: Cathedral of Mirando do Douro and the designs for the monastery of S. Salvador (Grijó)

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Various artistic styles or movements have dominated Portuguese architecture throughout the ages, including

380: 1287:. A relic of this early project may be a small Eastern chapel located nowadays outside the church itself. 764:. Conquered settlements and villages were often modernised following Roman models, with the building of a 5891: 5619: 5533: 5427: 5342: 5327: 4964: 4540: 4535: 4181:

José Fernandes Pereira. Arquitectura Barroca em Portugal. Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa. 1986.

2620: 2046: 2012:, turned into a royal palace by King John I. Some rooms of the palace are decorated with splendid Gothic 952: 491: 2930: 2609: 2605: 2156: 1779:

is supported by flying buttresses, one of the first built in Portugal (early 13th century). The apse of

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During the union of Portugal and Spain, the period between 1580 and 1640, a new style developed called

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is also noteworthy, particularly due to stadium design. Other renowned Portuguese architects include

3495: 3350: 3184: 3077: 2205:("Dialogues on Ancient Painting"), disseminated in this treatise the fundamentals of this new style. 1775:

Many of the Romanesque cathedrals were modernised with Gothic elements. Thus, the Romanesque nave of

1528:. The church is a round structure with a central arched octagon, and was probably modelled after the 1337: 1320: 1166: 1012:

Other pre-Romanesque churches broadly attributed to a mixture of Asturian and Mozarabic features are

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was one of the earliest churches in pure Renaissance style. It was begun by the Castilian architect

1177:) and Évora, and Moorish city gates with a characteristic horseshoe-arched profile can be found in 936:, near Braga, which was part of a Visigothic monastery built in the 7th century. The building has a 913: 640: 5821: 5786: 5766: 5624: 5589: 5337: 5203: 5154: 4989: 4949: 4944: 4924: 4777: 3588: 3338: 3319: 2535:

Other examples are the several Benedictine constructions in this period, such as the renovation by

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and extended into other arts such as sculpture, painting, works of art made of precious metals,

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All Portuguese Romanesque cathedrals were later extensively modified with the exception of the

1240: 980:) lived in Moorish territories and were allowed to practice their religion and build churches. 948: 864:) with central courtyards decorated with mosaics. Another important excavated Roman village is 487: 423: 180: 3817: 2540: 2447: 2141: 2051: 1993: 495: 5871: 5801: 5776: 5735: 5651: 5609: 5594: 5506: 5483: 5362: 4994: 4917: 4877: 4847: 4747: 4648: 4505: 3720: 3219: 3179: 3089: 2878:, and produced some of the main examples such as Falperra Sanctuary, Congregados Church, the 2721: 2681: 2269: 1925: 993:, which bears an inscription that gives 912 as the year of its construction. The church is a 981: 933: 888: 443: 4238: 3188: 3031: 3015: 2814: 1764: 1721: 1098: 970:(c.711–910), located in the Northern part of the peninsula, was a centre of resistance (see 503: 467: 459: 5896: 5806: 5572: 5447: 5159: 5149: 5124: 4954: 4263: 4137: 3552: 3476: 3445: 3330: 3307: 2992: 2967: 2799:

1728–1732 : the Quinta de S Antão do Tojal (by the Italian architect Antonio Canevari)

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One of the top architecture schools in the world, known as "Escola do Porto" or School of

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Roman domination in Hispania was ended with the invasions by Germanic peoples (especially

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hired architects and engineers to rebuild the damaged portions of Lisbon, including the

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and a series of radiant chapels. The vault of the ambulatory is externally supported by

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and were surrounded by stone walls and towers, a sign of the conflicts of the time.

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There most notable examples of Arte Nova in Portugal, outside of Aveiro, include:

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Architecture developed significantly in the 2nd century BC with the arrival of the

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Quem são os arquitectos portugueses que estão entre os mais promissores da Europa?

3813: 3805: 3668: 3147: 2803: 1851:, led to a renovation of Portuguese Gothic. After 1402, the works were trusted to 1226:, all show the same contemporary Islamic features found in Spain and the Mahgreb. 483: 5951: 5864: 5720: 5614: 4485: 4308: 4270: 3260: 3198: 3135: 3097: 3061: 2972: 2962: 2775: 2767:. His envoys in Rome had to provide the king with models and floor plans of many 2745: 2647: 2625: 2450:, one of the most expensive interiors built during the Mannerist period in Europe 2415: 1985: 1885: 1746: 1701: 1689: 1685:, typical features of Gothic architecture and a novelty at the time in Portugal. 1682: 1592: 1568: 1525: 1521: 1477: 1419: 1257: 917: 663: 583: 475: 451: 435: 336: 332: 3505: 3235: 3223: 2933:) is an outstanding Baroque-Rococo urban palace with richly decorated façade in 2613: 2573: 2488:

One of the most spectacular undertaking was however the building in Rome of the

2005: 1452:

with short arms and three East chapels. The central aisle is covered by a stone

1070:

was completed in 1249. Buildings during that period were often constructed with

810: 455: 5392: 3765: 3757: 3688: 3592: 2919: 2902: 2898: 2790: 1973: 1688:

After the foundation of Alcobaça, the Gothic style was chiefly disseminated by

1376: 1306: 1178: 1162: 1115: 1102: 884: 667: 662:

Starting around the 6th century BC, Northern Portugal, as well as neighbouring

614: 4495: 3782: 3753: 3406: 3385: 3356:

While Neo-Manueline buildings can be found throughout all of Portugal and the

3342: 2774:

One of these was the Patriarchal palace in Lisbon. The Piedmontese architect

1732:) and many other places. Mendicant Gothic churches usually had a three-aisled 243: 5966: 5367: 5139: 4490: 4289:, Geoffrey Broadbent (introduction), Publisher: St Martins Pr (February 1991) 3932: 3809: 3418: 3280: 3255: 3163: 3115: 3035: 2946: 2794: 2478: 2411: 2350: 2253: 2067: 2062:

The Manueline style, or Portuguese late Gothic, is the flamboyant, composite

1996:, while some later castles (15th century) became real palaces, like those in 1564: 1364: 1349: 1131: 1119: 985: 819: 765: 746: 656: 652: 463: 439: 376: 1891: 5407: 4343: 4062: 3247: 3111: 2836: 2741: 2670: 2501: 2459: 2129: 2105:. The construction of churches and monasteries in Manueline, especially in 1864: 1697: 1510: 1453: 1071: 849: 793:

province and still has vestiges of public baths, a public fountain (called

757: 636: 632: 606: 587: 519: 312: 308: 261: 4405: 3394: 2938: 2462:

in Lisbon in 1619, several temporary triumphal arches were erected in the

2402: 1717: 1390:

The spread of Romanesque in Portugal followed the north–south path of the

865: 714: 623: 536:

The earliest examples of architectural activity in Portugal date from the

5265: 5255: 4692: 4392: 4155:"Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521–1706" ( 3538: 3533:

Cast-iron architecture, known simply as iron architecture in Portuguese (

3288: 2725: 2643: 2587: 2432: 2110: 2082: 1833: 1558: 1483: 1457: 1438: 1391: 1345: 1341: 1067: 972: 937: 848:. The excavations revealed city walls, baths, the forum, an aqueduct, an 404: 304: 300: 203: 3456:. Sintra soon became home to other notable Neo-Mudéjar estates, such as 2817:, Custodio Vieira, Manuel da Costa Negreiros and Caetano Tomas de Sousa) 1750: 909: 5300: 5290: 3422: 3023: 2732:

to emphasize the symbolic affirmation of his power. The king appointed

1795: 1784: 1693: 1678: 1280: 1269: 1063: 1033: 1009:, horseshoe-shaped windows of Asturian influence on the central aisle. 873: 841: 694:. Notable archaeological castro sites are the Citânia de Sanfins, near 384: 356: 2086: 1912: 1821: 1268:

was finished at the time. The bishop's ambitious plan was to create a

1214:

interior with its "forest" of pillars, three horseshoe arches with an

1106: 962:

After 711, in the period of dominance of the Iberian Peninsula by the

574:

region is particularly rich in megalithic monuments, like the notable

5295: 5275: 5270: 4460: 3357: 3296: 3284: 3022:

The Pombaline style is a secular, utilitarian architecture marked by

2586:

designed in 1616 the church of S Marta (Lisbon) for the Order of the

2492:

chapel with the single purpose of obtaining the blessing of the pope

2428: 2194: 2132:, an architect considered one of the main creators of the style. The 2041: 1977: 1868: 1829: 1817: 1674: 1537: 1533: 1461: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1083: 940: 929: 790: 691: 541: 537: 523: 471: 419: 396: 320: 5195: 2901:, developed in the northern part of Portugal. The Italian architect 2193:(foreign-influenced). In later years this style slowly evolved into 2109:, or royal stone, was largely financed by proceeds of the lucrative 771: 34: 5497: 5280: 5260: 5226: 3633: 3438: 2883: 2850: 2510: 2463: 2342:

in Lisbon. During this period he evolved into the Mannerist style.

2152: 2094: 2063: 1997: 1989: 1969: 1929: 1908: 1768: 1661:. The first fully Gothic building in Portugal is the church of the 1449: 1437:(begun 1162), which has remained unaltered. Coimbra Cathedral is a 1284: 1059: 1029: 1021: 994: 977: 829: 761: 675: 610: 571: 530: 400: 265: 4216: 2001: 1754: 1340:. Count Henry came to Portugal with a number of noblemen and also 798: 579: 4658: 4581: 4227: 3441:, as these had the most visible Moorish heritage in the country. 3434: 3050: 2987:

and the subsequent tsunami and fires destroyed many buildings in

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However, the best known Portuguese architect in this period was

2144:

in Lisbon, finished in the 1520s by architect João de Castilho.

1798:, and even as late as the 15th-century, with the Main Church of 1524:, which was built in the second half of the 12th century by the 1516:

A remarkable religious Romanesque building is the Round Church (

1460:. The second storey of the central aisle has an arched gallery ( 741: 3663: 3453: 3426: 3365: 3334: 3292: 3268: 3105: 2988: 2894: 2854: 2846: 2806:(destroyed later that year) (by Giovanni Carlo Sicinio-Bibiena) 2729: 2689: 2346: 2331: 2013: 1933: 1888:(Nossa Senhora da Conceição) and Santarém (Convento da Graça). 1852: 1742: 1705: 1423: 1219: 1087: 1017: 944: 925: 834: 824: 591: 557: 526: 352: 344: 273: 247: 231: 223: 207: 4088: 3625:, primarily in port cities such as Lisbon, Porto, and Aveiro. 3448:, a romanticist palace fusing Neo-Manueline, Neo-Mudéjar, and 3310:, heavily features Portuguese national symbols, including the 2763:, and with his ambition to found a "second Rome" at the river 5285: 4400:

by Walter Crum Watson, available free (in HTML or plain text)

3745: 3703: 3683: 3093: 2934: 2910: 2879: 2875: 2764: 2280: 2245: 2137: 2128:. The church of the monastery was built from 1490 to 1510 by 2090: 2079: 1584: 1576: 1442: 1367:); with an exceptional apse dating from 1151; Travanca (near 1324: 1273: 1223: 1215: 1151: 1079: 1051: 963: 880: 860: 782: 629: 544:. The Portuguese hinterland is dotted with a large number of 392: 388: 368: 364: 324: 316: 215: 3486:

is primarily used in interior design, such as the sumptuous

3100:, which was greatly influenced by British neoclassicism and 1028:, all of which are disputed by some authors as buildings of 4591: 3045:

The Pombaline style of architecture is also to be found in

2760: 2698: 2133: 2106: 1965: 1937: 1917: 1737: 1733: 1596: 1567:) and granted land to Military Orders – specially the 1494: 1469: 1445: 1276: 1265: 998: 840:

The best-preserved remains of a Roman village are those of

655:. These sites were occupied in the period around 2500–1700 2759:

This design was in line with the king's desire to imitate

2373:, best known for the Sé Nova in Coimbra and the Igreja de 450:. Notable Portuguese architects of the past have included 3794:

own teacher, Fernando Tavora, echoes across generations.

3471:

Notable works in Lisbon include large monuments like the

3108:, largely influenced by Italian and later French trends. 2905:

designed the church and the spectacular granite tower of

1050:

The invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in the year 711 by

2728:, an immense 16th-century Spanish royal palace north of 2513:. Its design already foreshadows the classical revival. 1480:, although the Coimbra building is much less ambitious. 1363:), with a portal dating from around 1117; Rio Mau (near 4201:"The "Coup de Fouet" magazine, vol. 11 (2008), pp. 2-7" 3830:), is one of Lisbon's best-kept architectural secrets. 2893:

A different and more exuberant Baroque style with some

1513:

and little decoration apart from portals and windows.

2576:

in 1701–1704 is an unusual experiment because of its

898: 4302:

Tomás Taveira desenha estádio do Palmeiras no Brasil

4240:

Francisco Augusto da Silva Rocha - Art Nouveau World

4084: 2435:

and less impressive buildings. In resistance to the

2074:. This innovative style synthesizes aspects of Late 5398:

United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

4069: 3172:

in Porto, designed by Joaquim da Costa Lima Sampaio

2124:The first known building in Manueline style is the 59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4250:Modern Portugal- Architecture in the Age of Masses 3160:in Porto, designed by Joaquim da Costa Lima Júnior 2353:, who also built the Jesuit college at Évora, the 586:can be found isolated or forming circular arrays ( 4264:Estádios de Tomás Taveira e Souto Moura premiados 1871:decorated with a multitude of statues, while the 1169:building technique used in its construction. The 1161:Another notable Islamic castle in the Algarve is 5964: 2360:In his wake came several Portuguese architects: 1472:. This general scheme is related to that of the 685: 679: 561: 228:MAAT Museum of Art, Architecture, and Technology 4628:Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World 4218:List of buildings in Lisbon - Art Nouveau World 4133:Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World 1843:In the early 15th century, the building of the 1332:Building activity gained pace after 1095, when 4229:List of buildings in Porto - Art Nouveau World 3628:The concept defining Art Nouveau variation of 3287:, was the primary architectural expression of 3076:. It was the 1770s that ushered in the era of 2302:The most eminent example of this style is the 1944:) decoration. Examples include the portico of 1229: 879:In the hinterland, wealthy Romans established 5211: 4708: 4421: 3748:, is located in Portugal. Its alumni include 3548:Notable iron structures in Portugal include: 3341:. A romanticist palace fusing Neo-Manueline, 3080:, with the simultaneous constructions of the 2310:in Tomar. Started under the Portuguese King 1595:. They are credited as having introduced the 639:are found along the Tagus river like that of 4118:Classification of Built Heritage in Portugal 3295:, and to a lesser extent other parts of the 3283:of late 16th century Portuguese Late Gothic 3210:in Lisbon, designed by José da Costa e Silva 2496:for this chapel. The chapel was designed by 1812:, largely built 12th-15th c., is a blend of 1548:of Jerusalem may also have served as model. 1024:floorplan, and the Chapel of São Gião, near 482:(20th c.). Famous living architects include 4435: 1150: – water reservoirs used in case of a 905:Iberian pre-Romanesque art and architecture 5218: 5204: 4722: 4715: 4701: 4428: 4414: 3967: 2897:touches, more reminiscent of the style in 2781:Other important constructions were : 2527:Other works in this period include : 2291:verde, south of Évora, attributed to both 1859:), reliefs, large windows with intrincate 540:and consist of structures associated with 3500: 3194:Notable works in the southern tradition: 3153:Notable works in the northern tradition: 2170: 1218:the inner wall with a decorated niche, a 119:Learn how and when to remove this message 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4187: 3857: 3781: 3724: 3649:Museum-Residence Dr. Anastácio Gonçalves 3604: 3587: 3521: 3504: 3393: 3375: 3259: 3234: 3121: 3110: 3060: 3005: 2966: 2890:, there is a large number of buildings. 2859: 2831: 2703: 2652: 2634: 2619: 2604: 2441: 2401: 2367:: Church of Our Lady of Grace (in Évora) 2330:, whose works include the cathedrals of 2259: 2235: 2045: 2023: 1890: 1804: 1759: 1493: 1490:was built between the 12-15th centuries. 1482: 1456:while the lateral aisles are covered by 1239: 1154:. The old centre of the city – the 1114: 1097: 908: 770: 740: 605: 518: 3306:The style, which rose during a time of 3226:in Lisbon, designed by Giacomo Azzolini 2474:also increased the interest in Flemish 2424:"Arquitecture chã" (plain architecture) 2097:elements. It marks the transition from 1536:, which was mistakenly believed by the 1348:, which was headed by Henry's brother, 14: 5965: 3714: 2684:, are the main works of the King. The 2345:This last church was completed by the 2314:, it was finished during the reign of 1790:An important transitional building is 833:) has the remains of a theatre in the 5225: 5199: 4696: 4409: 4184: 3216:in Lisbon, designed by Fortunato Lodi 1599:to Portuguese military architecture. 1556:The troubled times of the Portuguese 852:, and houses for the middle classes ( 3828:President of the Portuguese Republic 3166:in Porto, designed by John Whitehead 2997:Sebastião de Melo, Marquis of Pombal 2701:also experienced great development. 2181:Renaissance architecture in Portugal 943:with rectangular arms and a central 805:, probably dedicated to the cult of 666:, saw the development of the Celtic 514: 57:adding citations to reliable sources 28: 3854:with the Europe 40 Under 40 Prize. 2886:was spared from the ravages of the 2520:and the use of carved gilded wood ( 2398:Portuguese Plain Style architecture 2008:. The most significant case is the 1474:Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela 760:, who called the Iberian Peninsula 635:fortified villages dating from the 24: 5052:Dependencies and other territories 3617:Art Nouveau, known in Portugal as 3433:, and the southern regions of the 2956: 2710:Seminário Maior da Sagrada Família 2019: 1867:. The main portal has a series of 1236:Portuguese Romanesque architecture 1165:, whose ruined walls evidence the 899:Pre-Romanesque and Visigoth period 858:), as well as luxurious mansions ( 25: 5984: 4386: 3862: 3380:Fonte Mourisca in Sintra, c. 1922 3104:, and a southern school based in 2594: 1771:, largely built from 1184 to 1380 1319:(top) and castle (bottom) of the 1039: 976:). In addition, many Christians ( 5496: 4613:Portuguese Colonial architecture 4566:Tallest buildings and structures 4514: 4087: 4076:Portuguese colonial architecture 4070:Portuguese colonial architecture 4054: 4042: 4030: 4016: 4002: 3996:Typical thatch houses of Santana 3988: 3974: 3952: 3940: 3925: 3911: 3897: 3883: 3869: 3230: 2610:Santa Engrácia National Pantheon 2601:Baroque architecture in Portugal 2568:The Church of Senhor da Cruz in 2408:Monastery of São Vicente de Fora 2355:Monastery of São Vicente de Fora 2210: 1903:, was built in the 15th century. 1736:covered with wooden roof and an 1714:Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha 1641:1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum 1622: 1611: 1602: 1394:, specially during the reign of 1305: 1294: 601: 341:Portuguese colonial architecture 190: 179: 172: 161: 154: 143: 33: 5388:History of Portugal (1777–1834) 5011:States with limited recognition 4314: 4292: 4280: 4037:São Tiago Menor Church, Funchal 4010:Palace Fortress of São Lourenço 3877:Jesuit College of Ponta Delgada 3768:prize). Its modern heir is the 3056: 2828:Rococo architecture in Portugal 2821: 1720:(São Francisco, São Domingos), 1657:was brought to Portugal by the 1406:, Afonso Henriques created the 1246:Patriarchal Cathedral of Lisbon 1058:put an end to Visigoth rule in 997:with three aisles separated by 736: 674:). This region was dotted with 44:needs additional citations for 4254: 4243: 4232: 4221: 4210: 4175: 4166: 4149: 4113:Architecture of Goan Catholics 3583: 3482:The style's expression in the 3371: 2387:: St. Anton's church in Évora. 2308:Convent of the Order of Christ 2306:(Cloister of John III) in the 1838:Convent of the Order of Christ 1724:(São Francisco, Santa Clara), 1650:Portuguese Gothic architecture 1639:to commemorate the end of the 1398:, Count Henry's son and first 13: 1: 4336: 3947:Academy of Arts of the Azores 3730:Casa das Histórias Paula Rego 3208:Teatro Nacional de São Carlos 2561:(Évora) for the order of the 2126:Monastery of Jesus of Setúbal 1488:Castle of the Counts of Ourém 1138:, the ancient capital of the 809:. A Roman bridge crosses the 4618:Sino-Portuguese architecture 4143: 4103:Sino-Portuguese architecture 3799:Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian 3411:Moorish Revival architecture 3390:Moorish Revival architecture 3322:, as well as symbols of the 3316:Cross of the Order of Christ 3214:D. Maria II National Theatre 3049:(1773–75) a new town in the 2802:1755 (completed) : the 2391: 2299:, is another early example. 2228:Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza 2197:. The painter and architect 2185:The adoption of the austere 2167:of Coimbra and many others. 1546:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 7: 4080: 3919:Angra do Heroísmo City Hall 3653:Manuel Joaquim Norte Júnior 3279:The Neo-Manueline style, a 2224:Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa 2151:and the parish churches of 2028:The "Imperfect Chapels" of 1677:and the main chapel has an 1579:river, like the castles of 1230:Portuguese Romanesque style 953:Mausoleum of Galla Placidia 268:'s modern-day territory in 10: 5989: 4073: 3718: 3598: 3515: 3423:Moorish heritage of Iberia 3383: 3351:Convent of Christ of Tomar 3253: 3082:Royal Riding Hall of Belém 3047:Vila Real de Santo António 2960: 2869:Mateus Vicente de Oliveira 2825: 2630:UNESCO World Heritage Site 2598: 2559:Nossa Senhora dos Remédios 2524:) on altars and ceilings. 2470:. The tract literature of 2410:'s façade was designed by 2395: 2323:architecture in Portugal. 2277:Nossa Senhora da Conceição 2203:Diálogos da Pintura Antiga 2174: 2039: 1946:St Francis Church of Évora 1647: 1502:began construction in 1139 1248:began construction in 1147 1233: 1043: 902: 891:) and Centum Cellas (near 509: 5924: 5840: 5757: 5748: 5673: 5664: 5580: 5571: 5514: 5505: 5494: 5461: 5246: 5237: 5097: 5051: 5028:Nagorno-Karabakh Republic 5010: 4730: 4672: 4664:Seven Wonders of Portugal 4636: 4605: 4574: 4523: 4512: 4443: 4128:Seven Wonders of Portugal 3771:Faculdade de Arquitectura 3496:Devesas Factory Warehouse 3417:, and to a lesser extent 3142:Rectory in Porto and the 3128:Maria II National Theatre 3078:neoclassical architecture 2853:through the north, while 2509:, the rarest marbles and 2242:Cloister of King João III 789:) was the capital of the 576:Anta Grande do Zambujeiro 448:contemporary architecture 136: 68:"Portuguese architecture" 5973:Architecture in Portugal 5698:Exclusive Economic Zone 5585:Administrative divisions 4049:Largo do Phelps, Funchal 3905:Ponta Delgada City Gates 3891:Igreja do Espírito Santo 3773:(School of Architecture) 3339:Ferdinand II of Portugal 3320:Coat of arms of Portugal 2557:designed the convent of 2157:Freixo de Espada à Cinta 2136:of the church has three 2103:Renaissance architecture 2093:urban architecture, and 1980:became also widespread. 1728:(São Domingos), Lisbon ( 1500:Old Cathedral of Coimbra 1082:techniques, followed by 887:), Torre de Palma (near 801:boasts a well-preserved 18:Architecture of Portugal 5413:Constitutional monarchy 4437:Portuguese architecture 4395:Portuguese Architecture 4024:Museu Quinta das Cruzes 3968:Madeira and Porto Santo 3601:Art Nouveau in Portugal 3571:Mercado Ferreira Borges 3527:Mercado Ferreira Borges 3409:is a type of exuberant 3201:in Lisbon, designed by 2995:and his Prime Minister 2841:Manuel Caetano de Sousa 2748:church in Rome and the 2734:Johann Friedrich Ludwig 2626:Royal Building of Mafra 2383:the military architect 2349:architect, the Italian 2304:Claustro de D. João III 2113:with Africa and India. 2078:with influences of the 1948:, the courtyard of the 1540:to be a remnant of the 1371:); Paço de Sousa (near 1336:took possession of the 258:Portuguese architecture 132:Portuguese architecture 5716:Science and technology 5383:1761 Lisbon earthquake 5378:1755 Lisbon earthquake 4773:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4724:Architecture of Europe 4682:Portuguese Renaissance 3790: 3762:Eduardo Souto de Moura 3741: 3738:Eduardo Souto de Moura 3623:Portuguese aristocracy 3614: 3596: 3530: 3518:Cast-iron architecture 3513: 3501:Cast-iron architecture 3473:Campo Pequeno Bullring 3450:Portuguese Renaissance 3402: 3399:Campo Pequeno Bullring 3381: 3347:Portuguese Renaissance 3324:Portuguese Discoveries 3318:, and elements of the 3276: 3265:Rossio Railway Station 3251: 3187:in Porto, designed by 3178:in Porto, designed by 3176:Santo António Hospital 3130: 3119: 3102:Palladian architecture 3086:Santo António Hospital 3074:1755 Lisbon earthquake 3069: 3066:Santo António Hospital 3019: 2985:1755 Lisbon earthquake 2980: 2977:1755 Lisbon earthquake 2907:São Pedro dos Clérigos 2888:1755 Lisbon earthquake 2871: 2865:Queluz National Palace 2843: 2811:Palace of Necessidades 2717: 2662: 2650: 2632: 2617: 2545:Monastery of São Bento 2468:Hans Vredeman de Vries 2451: 2419: 2338:(begun 1556), and the 2272: 2257: 2177:Portuguese Renaissance 2171:Portuguese Renaissance 2059: 2037: 1904: 1825: 1810:Sintra National Palace 1772: 1730:ruins of Carmo Convent 1503: 1491: 1249: 1130:The best-preserved is 1127: 1109: 921: 779: 753: 686: 680: 641:Vila Nova de São Pedro 626: 562: 533: 500:João Carrilho da Graça 488:Eduardo Souto de Moura 424:Portuguese Renaissance 5418:Republican Revolution 5363:Treaty of Tordesillas 5348:Portuguese golden age 5333:1383–1385 interregnum 4506:Soft Portuguese style 4311:, Diarioeconomico.com 3858:Regional architecture 3785: 3728: 3721:Soft Portuguese style 3608: 3591: 3579:in Porto (demolished) 3525: 3508: 3397: 3379: 3263: 3238: 3203:José da Costa e Silva 3125: 3114: 3064: 3009: 2970: 2863: 2849:architecture entered 2839:library, designed by 2835: 2787:Águas Livres aqueduct 2785:1729–1748 : the 2722:Mafra National Palace 2707: 2686:Águas Livres Aqueduct 2682:Mafra National Palace 2676:In the reign of King 2656: 2638: 2623: 2608: 2549:Portuguese Parliament 2500:in 1742 and built by 2445: 2405: 2270:University of Coimbra 2263: 2239: 2201:, writer of the book 2049: 2027: 1956:Castles & palaces 1894: 1808: 1763: 1663:Monastery of Alcobaça 1497: 1486: 1272:church, with a three 1243: 1171:Sintra Moorish Castle 1118: 1101: 1014:São Pedro de Balsemão 982:Asturian architecture 934:Saint Frutuoso Chapel 912: 776:Roman Temple of Évora 774: 744: 609: 522: 444:Soft Portuguese style 361:São Tomé and Príncipe 5912:World Heritage Sites 5448:Carnation Revolution 4138:Rafael Manzano Prize 3836:Filipa Frois Almeida 3764:(winner of the 2011 3756:(winner of the 1992 3553:Santa Justa Elevator 3541:and revival styles. 3535:arquitetura de ferro 3477:Avenida da Liberdade 3462:James Thomas Knowles 3446:Pena National Palace 3331:Pena National Palace 3308:Romantic nationalism 2993:Joseph I of Portugal 2975:was built after the 2809:(completed in 1750) 2754:Gian Lorenzo Bernini 2750:Palazzo Montecitorio 2738:St. Peter's Basilica 2563:Discalced Carmelites 2316:Philip I of Portugal 2199:Francisco de Holanda 2165:Santa Cruz Monastery 2072:Pedro Álvares Cabral 1845:Monastery of Batalha 1710:São Francisco Church 1573:Knights Hospitallers 1441:church with a three- 1435:Cathedral of Coimbra 1408:Santa Cruz Monastery 1338:Condado Portucalense 1046:Moorish architecture 991:Oliveira do Hospital 745:The Roman bridge of 700:Citânia de Briteiros 620:Citânia de Briteiros 287:Like all aspects of 270:Continental Portugal 53:improve this article 5323:Kingdom of Portugal 5317:Manifestis Probatum 4561:Reservoirs and dams 4501:Summer architecture 4123:Portuguese pavement 4108:Summer architecture 4095:Architecture portal 3818:António Maria Braga 3777:University of Porto 3715:Modern architecture 3609:Arte Nova homes by 3452:characteristics in 3421:, which evokes the 3240:Quinta da Regaleira 3140:University of Porto 2541:Monastery of Tibães 2490:St John the Baptist 2340:Church of São Roque 2142:Jerónimos Monastery 2076:Gothic architecture 2052:Jerónimos Monastery 1962:Kingdom of Castille 1950:Sintra Royal Palace 1884:and monasteries in 1655:Gothic architecture 1387:) and many others. 968:Kingdom of Asturias 949:Byzantine buildings 914:São Frutuoso Chapel 876:known in Portugal. 719:Cividade de Terroso 506:(Priktzer winner). 496:António Maria Braga 297:history of Portugal 260:refers to both the 133: 5726:Telecommunications 5403:Liberal Revolution 5306:County of Portugal 4307:2011-04-29 at the 4275:Diário de Notícias 4269:2011-04-29 at the 3791: 3742: 3734:Portuguese Riviera 3615: 3597: 3577:Palácio de Cristal 3531: 3514: 3431:Portuguese Riviera 3403: 3382: 3362:Portuguese Riviera 3277: 3273:José Luís Monteiro 3252: 3244:Portuguese Riviera 3189:Eugénio dos Santos 3144:Bom Jesus do Monte 3131: 3120: 3070: 3032:Eugénio dos Santos 3028:district of Lisbon 3020: 3016:Eugénio dos Santos 3001:Pombaline Downtown 2981: 2915:Bom Jesus do Monte 2872: 2844: 2815:Eugénio dos Santos 2718: 2695:gilded woodcarving 2663: 2659:Biblioteca Joanina 2651: 2633: 2618: 2584:Pedro Nunes Tinoco 2452: 2420: 2273: 2258: 2222:The façade of the 2060: 2038: 1905: 1826: 1773: 1667:Abbey of Clairvaux 1637:John I of Portugal 1504: 1498:The fortress-like 1492: 1354:Monastery of Rates 1262:Monastery of Rates 1250: 1128: 1110: 1005:on the façade and 922: 780: 754: 704:Citânia de Sabroso 649:Castro of Zambujal 627: 596:Almendres Cromlech 534: 504:Álvaro Siza Vieira 468:José Luis Monteiro 460:Eugénio dos Santos 428:Portuguese Baroque 289:Portuguese culture 212:Praça da Liberdade 131: 5960: 5959: 5920: 5919: 5744: 5743: 5660: 5659: 5647:Political parties 5600:Foreign relations 5567: 5566: 5529:Iberian Peninsula 5492: 5491: 5338:Treaty of Windsor 5193: 5192: 4690: 4689: 4551:Football stadiums 3982:Funchal City Hall 3824:Carrilho da Graça 3787:Parque das Nações 3559:Dom Luís I Bridge 3510:Dom Luís I Bridge 3484:North of Portugal 3466:Quinta do Relógio 3458:Monserrate Palace 3415:Iberian Peninsula 3413:practiced in the 3303:speaking world). 3220:Belém Riding Hall 3185:Cadeia da Relação 3084:, in Lisbon, and 3040:Praça do Comércio 3012:Praça do Comércio 2941:), the Malheiro ( 2555:Francisco de Mora 2472:Wendel Dietterlin 2297:Diogo de Torralva 2285:Diogo de Torralva 2250:Diogo de Torralva 2187:Renaissance style 2030:Batalha Monastery 1936:etc., as well as 1683:flying buttresses 1633:Batalha Monastery 1542:Temple of Solomon 1375:); Bravães (near 1321:Convent of Christ 870:Santiago do Cacém 797:) and a theatre. 696:Paços de Ferreira 678:villages (called 515:Megalithic period 351:in the Americas, 293:Portuguese people 282:Portuguese Empire 255: 254: 236:Banco de Portugal 220:Monserrate Palace 129: 128: 121: 103: 16:(Redirected from 5980: 5940: 5933: 5755: 5754: 5701: 5688:Economic history 5671: 5670: 5578: 5577: 5512: 5511: 5500: 5311:Treaty of Zamora 5244: 5243: 5220: 5213: 5206: 5197: 5196: 4731:Sovereign states 4717: 4710: 4703: 4694: 4693: 4518: 4430: 4423: 4416: 4407: 4406: 4331: 4322: 4318: 4312: 4300: 4296: 4290: 4284: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4252: 4247: 4241: 4236: 4230: 4225: 4219: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4197: 4182: 4179: 4173: 4170: 4164: 4153: 4097: 4092: 4091: 4058: 4046: 4034: 4020: 4006: 3992: 3978: 3956: 3944: 3929: 3915: 3901: 3887: 3873: 3701: 3681: 3661: 3565:Maria Pia Bridge 3492:Palácio da Bolsa 3312:armillary sphere 3170:Carrancas Palace 3158:Palácio da Bolsa 2943:Viana do Castelo 2761:the Eternal City 2688:brings water to 2640:Brejoeira Palace 2578:four-leaf clover 2498:Luigi Vanvitelli 2448:São Roque Church 2371:Baltasar Álvares 2365:Miguel de Arruda 2289:Bom Jesus de Val 2275:The basilica of 2214: 2161:Montemor-o-Velho 2149:Guarda Cathedral 2056:João de Castilho 2050:South portal of 2034:Mateus Fernandes 2010:Castle of Leiria 1882:Silves Cathedral 1878:Guarda Cathedral 1800:Viana do Castelo 1781:Lisbon Cathedral 1777:Oporto Cathedral 1690:mendicant orders 1659:Cistercian Order 1626: 1615: 1530:Dome of the Rock 1507:Lisbon Cathedral 1400:King of Portugal 1396:Afonso Henriques 1309: 1298: 1254:Romanesque style 999:horseshoe arches 966:, the Christian 807:Emperor Augustus 712: 689: 683: 672:cultura castreja 565: 542:Megalith culture 299:, including the 194: 183: 176: 165: 158: 147: 134: 130: 124: 117: 113: 110: 104: 102: 61: 37: 29: 21: 5988: 5987: 5983: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5978: 5977: 5963: 5962: 5961: 5956: 5943: 5936: 5929: 5916: 5892:Public holidays 5836: 5740: 5699: 5656: 5620:Law enforcement 5563: 5501: 5488: 5457: 5373:Restoration War 5233: 5224: 5194: 5189: 5093: 5047: 5033:Northern Cyprus 5006: 4903:North Macedonia 4726: 4721: 4691: 4686: 4668: 4632: 4601: 4570: 4519: 4510: 4439: 4434: 4393:Gutenberg.org: 4389: 4339: 4334: 4330:(June 25, 2019) 4321:(in Portuguese) 4320: 4319: 4315: 4309:Wayback Machine 4299:(in Portuguese) 4298: 4297: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4271:Wayback Machine 4261:(in Portuguese) 4260: 4259: 4255: 4248: 4244: 4237: 4233: 4226: 4222: 4215: 4211: 4203: 4199: 4198: 4185: 4180: 4176: 4171: 4167: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4093: 4086: 4083: 4078: 4072: 4065: 4059: 4050: 4047: 4038: 4035: 4026: 4021: 4012: 4007: 3998: 3993: 3984: 3979: 3970: 3963: 3957: 3948: 3945: 3936: 3930: 3921: 3916: 3907: 3902: 3893: 3888: 3879: 3874: 3865: 3860: 3750:Fernando Távora 3723: 3717: 3695: 3675: 3662:(1904–1905) in 3655: 3603: 3586: 3520: 3503: 3392: 3384:Main articles: 3374: 3258: 3233: 3199:Palace of Ajuda 3148:Pópulo Churches 3136:Carlos Amarante 3059: 3030:was rebuilt by 2973:Pombaline Baixa 2965: 2963:Pombaline style 2959: 2957:Pombaline style 2927:Palácio do Raio 2830: 2824: 2776:Filippo Juvarra 2769:Roman monuments 2661:, built in 1717 2648:Carlos Amarante 2603: 2597: 2511:precious stones 2416:Juan de Herrera 2400: 2394: 2234: 2233: 2232: 2231: 2220: 2215: 2183: 2175:Main articles: 2173: 2121:and furniture. 2044: 2022: 2020:Manueline style 1897:Bragança Castle 1847:, sponsored by 1828:Several Gothic 1792:Évora Cathedral 1765:Évora Cathedral 1745:(Santa Maria), 1652: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1605: 1569:Templar Knights 1526:Templar Knights 1522:Castle of Tomar 1468:is topped by a 1454:barrel vaulting 1330: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1258:Braga Cathedral 1238: 1232: 1048: 1042: 907: 901: 844:, located near 837:neighbourhood. 813:by the city of 795:Idol's Fountain 787:Bracara Augusta 739: 723:Póvoa do Varzim 706: 604: 584:Standing stones 578:, located near 517: 512: 480:Fernando Távora 476:Cassiano Branco 452:Diogo de Arruda 387:in Africa, and 337:Kristang people 295:throughout the 251: 200: 199: 198: 197: 196: 195: 186: 185: 184: 177: 168: 167: 166: 159: 150: 149: 148: 125: 114: 108: 105: 62: 60: 50: 38: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5986: 5976: 5975: 5958: 5957: 5955: 5954: 5949: 5942: 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3693:Xavier Esteves 3689:Livraria Lello 3686: 3666: 3599:Main article: 3593:Livraria Lello 3585: 3582: 3581: 3580: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3516:Main article: 3502: 3499: 3460:, designed by 3373: 3370: 3254:Main article: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3227: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3192: 3191: 3182: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3058: 3055: 3014:, designed by 2961:Main article: 2958: 2955: 2920:Neo-classicism 2903:Nicolau Nasoni 2899:Central Europe 2867:, designed by 2826:Main article: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2818: 2807: 2800: 2797: 2791:Manuel da Maia 2789:in Lisbon (by 2752:, designed by 2646:; designed by 2612:, designed by 2599:Main article: 2596: 2595:Baroque period 2593: 2592: 2591: 2581: 2566: 2552: 2533: 2396:Main article: 2393: 2390: 2389: 2388: 2381: 2378: 2368: 2328:Afonso Álvares 2248:, designed by 2221: 2217: 2216: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2172: 2169: 2054:, designed by 2040:Main article: 2032:, designed by 2021: 2018: 1974:machicolations 1958: 1957: 1901:Trás-os-Montes 1863:and elaborate 1648:Main article: 1631: 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3837: 3831: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3819: 3815: 3814:Gonçalo Byrne 3811: 3810:Pancho Guedes 3807: 3806:Tomás Taveira 3802: 3800: 3795: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3778: 3774: 3772: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3712: 3705: 3699: 3694: 3691:bookstore by 3690: 3687: 3685: 3679: 3674: 3670: 3669:Café Majestic 3667: 3665: 3659: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3626: 3624: 3620: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3511: 3507: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3419:Ibero-America 3416: 3412: 3408: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3378: 3369: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3281:revival style 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3257: 3256:Neo-Manueline 3249: 3245: 3242:, in Sintra, 3241: 3237: 3231:Neo-Manueline 3225: 3221: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3200: 3197: 3196: 3195: 3190: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3164:Factory House 3162: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3129: 3124: 3117: 3116:Factory House 3113: 3109: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3088:in Porto, by 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3067: 3063: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3041: 3037: 3036:Carlos Mardel 3033: 3029: 3025: 3017: 3013: 3008: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2891: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2805: 2804:Ópera do Tejo 2801: 2798: 2796: 2795:Carlos Mardel 2792: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2757: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2744:, the Jesuit 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2715: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2672: 2667: 2660: 2655: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2537:João Turriano 2534: 2530: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2522:talha dourada 2519: 2514: 2512: 2508: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2449: 2444: 2440: 2438: 2437:Baroque style 2434: 2433:hall churches 2430: 2425: 2417: 2413: 2412:Filippo Terzi 2409: 2404: 2399: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2351:Filippo Terzi 2348: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2334:(1551–1574), 2333: 2329: 2324: 2321: 2320:King of Spain 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2255: 2254:Filippo Terzi 2251: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2229: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2191:estrangeirada 2188: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2145: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2120: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2068:Vasco da Gama 2065: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1981: 1979: 1976:and improved 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1955: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1928:with conical 1927: 1923: 1919: 1914: 1910: 1902: 1898: 1893: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1865:crenellations 1862: 1858: 1854: 1853:Master Huguet 1850: 1846: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1686: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1625: 1614: 1603:Gothic period 1600: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1565:Lisbon Castle 1561: 1560: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1512: 1511:crenellations 1508: 1501: 1496: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1365:Vila do Conde 1362: 1357: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1308: 1297: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1134:, located in 1133: 1132:Silves Castle 1125: 1121: 1120:Silves Castle 1117: 1113: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1047: 1037: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 987: 986:Mozarabic art 983: 979: 975: 974: 969: 965: 960: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 939: 935: 931: 927: 919: 915: 911: 906: 896: 894: 890: 886: 882: 877: 875: 871: 867: 863: 862: 857: 856: 851: 847: 843: 838: 836: 832: 831: 826: 822: 821: 820:Aquae Flaviae 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 777: 773: 769: 767: 763: 759: 752: 749:, modern-day 748: 747:Aquae Flaviae 743: 734: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 710: 705: 701: 697: 693: 688: 682: 677: 673: 669: 665: 660: 658: 654: 653:Torres Vedras 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 631: 625: 621: 617: 616: 612: 608: 602:Celtic period 599: 597: 593: 589: 588:stone circles 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 564: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 532: 528: 525: 521: 507: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 484:Gonçalo Byrne 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 464:Carlos Mardel 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 440:Neo-Manueline 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 408: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 377:Guinea Bissau 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 285: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 193: 182: 175: 164: 157: 146: 135: 123: 120: 112: 109:November 2022 101: 98: 94: 91: 87: 84: 80: 77: 73: 70: – 69: 65: 64:Find sources: 58: 54: 48: 47: 42:This article 40: 36: 31: 30: 27: 19: 5850:Architecture 5849: 5822:Prostitution 5787:Homelessness 5767:Demographics 5683:Central bank 5625:Human rights 5590:Constitution 5443:Overseas War 5408:Liberal Wars 5315: 5185:Contemporary 5165:Neoclassical 5043:Transnistria 5002:Vatican City 4436: 4399: 4394: 4344:Medieval Art 4316: 4294: 4282: 4256: 4245: 4234: 4223: 4212: 4177: 4168: 4151: 4063:Madeira Wine 3844:Diogo Aguiar 3832: 3822: 3804:In Portugal 3803: 3796: 3792: 3770: 3743: 3709: 3673:João Queiroz 3643: 3637: 3627: 3618: 3616: 3547: 3543: 3534: 3532: 3487: 3481: 3470: 3443: 3404: 3355: 3328: 3305: 3278: 3248:Luigi Manini 3224:Belém Palace 3193: 3152: 3132: 3071: 3057:Neoclassical 3044: 3021: 2982: 2931:André Soares 2924: 2892: 2873: 2845: 2837:Mafra Palace 2822:Rococo style 2780: 2773: 2758: 2746:Sant'Ignazio 2719: 2716:, c. 1748–65 2675: 2671:Minas Gerais 2668: 2664: 2614:João Antunes 2574:João Antunes 2532:destroyed).. 2526: 2521: 2515: 2502:Nicola Salvi 2494:Benedict XIV 2487: 2479:architecture 2460:Joyous Entry 2453: 2421: 2385:Manuel Pires 2375:São Lourenço 2359: 2344: 2325: 2303: 2301: 2293:Manuel Pires 2288: 2276: 2274: 2266:Porta Férrea 2265: 2256:; c. 1557–91 2202: 2190: 2184: 2146: 2130:Diogo Boitac 2123: 2115: 2061: 2006:Porto de Mós 1982: 1959: 1906: 1895:The keep of 1842: 1827: 1789: 1774: 1712:), Coimbra ( 1698:Augustinians 1687: 1675:rib vaulting 1653: 1557: 1555: 1517: 1515: 1505: 1458:groin vaults 1432: 1389: 1358: 1331: 1316: 1283:and a large 1251: 1222:pointing to 1208:rib vaulting 1192: 1174: 1160: 1155: 1129: 1111: 1103:Moorish arch 1084:whitewashing 1075: 1072:rammed earth 1049: 1011: 971: 961: 923: 878: 859: 853: 850:amphitheatre 839: 828: 818: 811:Tâmega River 803:Roman temple 786: 781: 755: 737:Roman period 671: 661: 637:Chalcolithic 633:pre-historic 628: 613: 553: 549: 535: 456:João Antunes 409: 309:Celtiberians 286: 262:architecture 257: 256: 115: 106: 96: 89: 82: 75: 63: 51:Please help 46:verification 43: 26: 5797:Immigration 5772:Drug policy 5678:Agriculture 5554:Earthquakes 5438:Estado Novo 5428:World War I 5358:Renaissance 5266:Lusitanians 5256:Oestriminis 5155:Renaissance 5084:Isle of Man 4965:Switzerland 4898:Netherlands 4496:Neo-Mudéjar 4466:Renaissance 4346:, 1982–1993 3852:Bruno André 3760:prize) and 3754:Álvaro Siza 3696: [ 3676: [ 3656: [ 3584:Art Nouveau 3539:historicism 3407:Neo-Mudéjar 3386:Neo-Mudéjar 3372:Neo-Mudéjar 3343:Neo-Mudéjar 3289:Romanticism 2726:El Escorial 2678:King John V 2588:Poor Clares 2572:, built by 2565:(1601–1614) 2226:, built by 2111:spice trade 2099:Late Gothic 2083:Plateresque 1924:, circular 1911:. The name 1849:King John I 1834:Santo Tirso 1635:, built by 1559:Reconquista 1464:), and the 1439:Latin cross 1392:Reconquista 1346:Cluny Abbey 1342:Benedictine 1334:Count Henry 1212:labyrinthic 1175:Cerca Velha 1068:Reconquista 973:Reconquista 938:Greek cross 707: [ 470:(19th c.), 466:(18th c.), 458:(17th c.), 405:Timor Leste 305:Lusitanians 301:Gallaecians 244:Belém Tower 204:Pena Palace 202:Clockwise: 5872:Literature 5642:Parliament 5605:Government 5433:28 de Maio 5301:Al-Andalus 5180:Postmodern 5170:Revivalism 5135:Romanesque 4893:Montenegro 4873:Luxembourg 4853:Kazakhstan 4758:Azerbaijan 4644:Architects 4546:Cathedrals 4524:Structures 4451:Romanesque 4337:References 3719:See also: 3702:(1906) in 3682:(1921) in 3488:Sala Arabe 3364:, notably 3337:, by King 3301:Portuguese 3150:in Braga. 3024:pragmatism 2945:) and the 2454:When king 2336:Portalegre 2064:Portuguese 1978:arrowslits 1932:, Islamic 1869:archivolts 1796:Matosinhos 1785:clerestory 1702:Dominicans 1694:Franciscan 1679:ambulatory 1385:Felgueiras 1281:ambulatory 1270:pilgrimage 1142:, today's 1064:Al-Andalus 1034:Visigothic 874:hippodrome 842:Conimbriga 717:, and the 647:, and the 412:Romanesque 385:Mozambique 357:Cabo Verde 343:, notably 79:newspapers 5882:Monuments 5802:Languages 5777:Education 5736:Transport 5652:President 5610:Judiciary 5595:Elections 5559:Volcanoes 5524:Mountains 5507:Geography 5296:Visigoths 5276:Gallaecia 5271:Lusitania 5120:Byzantine 5105:Neolithic 5069:Gibraltar 4868:Lithuania 4649:Monuments 4556:Hospitals 4486:Pombaline 4461:Manueline 4144:Footnotes 3935:City Hall 3840:Hugo Reis 3638:Arte Nova 3636:) called 3619:Arte Nova 3555:in Lisbon 3401:, c. 1892 3358:Lusofonia 3297:Lusofonia 3285:Manueline 3180:John Carr 3126:Lisbon's 3090:John Carr 2951:Vila Real 2939:Guimarães 2547:(now the 2466:style of 2458:made his 2456:Filipe II 2446:Lisbon's 2429:Manueline 2392:Mannerism 2377:in Porto. 2195:Mannerism 2042:Manueline 1970:barbicans 1930:pinnacles 1830:cloisters 1818:Manueline 1767:, in the 1718:Guimarães 1671:Champagne 1669:, in the 1538:crusaders 1534:Jerusalem 1520:) in the 1462:triforium 1344:monks of 1205:Manueline 1062:, called 1054:from the 1020:, with a 1007:mullioned 951:like the 941:floorplan 930:Visigoths 866:Miróbriga 791:Gallaecia 727:Briteiros 715:Guimarães 692:Gallaecia 687:cividades 624:Guimarães 592:cromlechs 538:Neolithic 524:Neolithic 494:winner), 472:Raul Lino 436:Pombaline 420:Manueline 407:in Asia. 397:Indonesia 321:Visigoths 5967:Category 5947:Category 5897:Religion 5807:Naturism 5637:Military 5573:Politics 5484:Language 5474:Military 5462:By topic 5328:Monarchs 5281:Hispania 5261:Ophiussa 5248:Timeline 5231:articles 5227:Portugal 5089:Svalbard 5074:Guernsey 5018:Abkhazia 4990:Scotland 4950:Slovenia 4945:Slovakia 4925:Portugal 4778:Bulgaria 4677:Category 4606:Colonial 4597:Pavement 4575:Elements 4531:Airports 4398: — 4305:Archived 4267:Archived 4081:See also 3789:, Lisbon 3766:Pritzker 3758:Pritzker 3634:Portugal 3595:in Porto 3573:in Porto 3567:in Porto 3561:in Porto 3529:in Porto 3439:Alentejo 3437:and the 3429:and the 3134:school, 3118:in Porto 3068:in Porto 2884:Portugal 2851:Portugal 2570:Barcelos 2543:and the 2518:azulejos 2507:porphyry 2312:João III 2153:Olivenza 1998:Penedono 1994:Bragança 1990:Estremoz 1909:Alentejo 1873:tympanum 1857:crockets 1836:and the 1769:Alentejo 1751:Lourinhã 1722:Santarém 1692:(mainly 1593:Almourol 1571:and the 1466:crossing 1450:transept 1381:Pombeiro 1373:Penafiel 1369:Amarante 1361:Barcelos 1285:transept 1260:and the 1156:Almedina 1148:cisterns 1126:, 8th c. 1060:Hispania 1030:Visigoth 1022:basilica 995:basilica 978:Mozarabs 893:Belmonte 889:Monforte 830:Olissipo 778:, 1st c. 762:Hispania 681:citânias 676:hillfort 611:Iron Age 572:Alentejo 548:(called 531:Alentejo 492:Pritzker 401:Malaysia 381:Zimbabwe 333:Macanese 266:Portugal 5931:Outline 5907:Symbols 5860:Cuisine 5842:Culture 5817:Poverty 5792:Housing 5750:Society 5731:Tourism 5706:Fishing 5666:Economy 5544:Regions 5534:Islands 5469:Economy 5239:History 5160:Baroque 5150:Ottoman 5125:Moorish 5098:History 4985:England 4975:Ukraine 4930:Romania 4918:Silesia 4883:Moldova 4843:Ireland 4838:Iceland 4833:Hungary 4823:Germany 4818:Georgia 4808:Finland 4803:Estonia 4798:Denmark 4783:Croatia 4768:Belgium 4763:Belarus 4753:Austria 4748:Armenia 4743:Andorra 4738:Albania 4659:IGESPAR 4654:Housing 4623:Sobrado 4587:Gilding 4582:Azulejo 4541:Castles 4536:Bridges 4476:Baroque 3775:of the 3512:, Porto 3435:Algarve 3051:Algarve 3018:in 1755 2742:Vatican 2740:in the 2714:Coimbra 2616:in 1681 2539:of the 2476:Baroque 2464:Flemish 2268:at the 2230:in 1537 2119:faience 2095:Flemish 2091:Italian 2087:Mudéjar 2085:style, 2080:Spanish 2014:loggias 1942:azulejo 1934:merlons 1926:turrets 1922:mullion 1913:Mudéjar 1861:tracery 1824:styles. 1822:Mudéjar 1552:Castles 1518:Rotunda 1478:Galicia 1416:Coimbra 1404:Coimbra 1317:charola 1195:mosques 1189:Mosques 1144:Algarve 1140:Al-Garb 1124:Algarve 1122:in the 1107:Mértola 1094:Castles 1056:Maghreb 1016:, near 1003:narthex 957:Ravenna 868:, near 855:insulae 846:Coimbra 731:Sanfins 721:, near 713:, near 664:Galicia 651:, near 645:Cartaxo 643:, near 594:). The 568:menhirs 554:dólmens 546:dolmens 510:History 373:Morocco 349:Uruguay 278:Madeira 240:Funchal 93:scholar 5952:Portal 5855:Cinema 5812:People 5782:Health 5711:Mining 5693:Energy 5549:Rivers 5519:Cities 5353:Empire 5229: 5175:Modern 5145:Gothic 5079:Jersey 5023:Kosovo 4970:Turkey 4960:Sweden 4940:Serbia 4935:Russia 4913:Poland 4908:Norway 4888:Monaco 4858:Latvia 4828:Greece 4813:France 4788:Cyprus 4637:Others 4481:Rococo 4456:Gothic 4444:Styles 4376: 4366: 4356: 4159: 3740:, 2000 3664:Lisbon 3630:Aveiro 3613:canals 3611:Aveiro 3464:, and 3454:Sintra 3427:Lisbon 3366:Sintra 3345:, and 3335:Sintra 3314:, the 3293:Brazil 3275:, 1886 3269:Lisbon 3250:, 1889 3106:Lisbon 2989:Lisbon 2947:Mateus 2895:Rococo 2855:Lisbon 2847:Rococo 2730:Madrid 2699:tiling 2690:Lisbon 2644:Monção 2347:Jesuit 2332:Leiria 2318:(also 2138:aisles 2058:, 1517 2036:, 1490 1920:and a 1918:arches 1820:, and 1814:Gothic 1743:Sintra 1706:Oporto 1589:Belver 1581:Pombal 1544:. The 1443:aisled 1428:Lisbon 1424:Lamego 1412:Oporto 1383:(near 1274:aisled 1220:mihrab 1136:Silves 1088:Alfama 1078:) and 1026:Nazaré 1018:Lamego 945:cupola 926:Sueves 920:7th c. 881:villae 835:Alfama 825:Lisbon 815:Chaves 758:Romans 751:Chaves 630:Celtic 615:Castro 570:. The 566:) and 563:mamoas 558:tumuli 527:dolmen 446:, and 432:Rococo 416:Gothic 403:, and 383:, and 353:Angola 345:Brazil 313:Romans 274:Azores 272:, the 248:Lisbon 232:Lisbon 224:Sintra 208:Sintra 95: 88: 81: 74: 66: 5938:Index 5902:Sport 5887:Music 5877:Media 5832:Women 5762:Crime 5700:(EEZ) 5539:Lakes 5479:Music 5286:Suebi 5059:Åland 4995:Wales 4955:Spain 4878:Malta 4848:Italy 4471:Plain 4204:(PDF) 3746:Porto 3704:Porto 3700:] 3684:Porto 3680:] 3660:] 3333:, in 3098:Braga 3094:Porto 2935:Braga 2911:Porto 2880:Braga 2876:Braga 2765:Tagus 2580:plan. 2281:Tomar 2246:Tomar 2244:, in 2002:Ourém 1899:, in 1755:Loulé 1747:Mafra 1726:Elvas 1585:Tomar 1577:Tagus 1420:Viseu 1402:. In 1325:Tomar 1279:, an 1224:Mecca 1216:alfiz 1193:Many 1183:Elvas 1167:taipa 1152:siege 1080:adobe 1076:taipa 1052:Moors 964:Moors 918:Braga 861:domus 799:Évora 783:Braga 766:forum 711:] 580:Évora 550:antas 393:India 389:China 369:Ghana 365:Benin 329:Goans 325:Moors 317:Suebi 216:Porto 100:JSTOR 86:books 5865:Wine 5827:Time 5630:LGBT 5291:Buri 4592:Lioz 4374:ISBN 4364:ISBN 4354:ISBN 4157:ISBN 3816:and 3797:The 3405:The 3388:and 3146:and 3096:and 3034:and 3010:The 2983:The 2971:The 2929:(by 2925:The 2813:(by 2720:The 2708:The 2657:The 2628:, a 2624:The 2481:and 2414:and 2406:The 2295:and 2264:The 2252:and 2240:The 2179:and 2134:nave 2107:Lioz 2070:and 2004:and 1992:and 1986:Beja 1966:keep 1938:tile 1886:Beja 1753:and 1738:apse 1734:nave 1700:and 1597:keep 1591:and 1587:and 1470:dome 1448:, a 1446:nave 1426:and 1350:Hugh 1315:The 1277:nave 1266:apse 1252:The 1244:The 1181:and 1179:Faro 1001:, a 984:and 928:and 885:Beja 729:and 702:and 502:and 478:and 462:and 347:and 276:and 72:news 5615:Law 3671:by 3651:by 3490:of 3267:in 3222:of 2953:). 2909:in 2712:in 2642:in 2483:art 2279:in 2101:to 1716:), 1532:in 1476:in 1379:), 1323:in 1105:in 955:in 823:). 684:or 622:in 618:at 590:or 556:), 552:or 529:in 264:of 246:in 238:in 230:in 222:in 214:in 206:in 55:by 5969:: 4326:, 4273:, 4186:^ 3850:e 3846:, 3842:, 3838:, 3820:. 3812:, 3779:. 3752:, 3732:, 3698:pt 3678:pt 3658:pt 3479:. 3368:. 3353:. 3271:; 3246:; 3003:. 2991:. 2922:. 2771:. 2756:. 2551:). 2159:, 2155:, 2089:, 2000:, 1988:, 1880:, 1840:. 1816:, 1802:. 1757:. 1749:, 1696:, 1583:, 1430:. 1422:, 1418:, 1414:, 1185:. 959:. 916:, 733:. 709:pt 698:, 657:BC 582:. 498:, 486:, 474:, 442:, 438:, 434:, 430:, 426:, 422:, 418:, 414:, 399:, 395:, 391:, 379:, 375:, 371:, 367:, 363:, 359:, 355:, 335:, 331:, 327:, 323:, 319:, 315:, 311:, 307:, 303:, 284:. 242:, 234:, 226:, 218:, 210:, 5219:e 5212:t 5205:v 4716:e 4709:t 4702:v 4429:e 4422:t 4415:v 4402:. 4206:. 4163:) 3706:. 3632:( 3299:( 2979:. 2949:( 2590:. 2418:. 1940:( 1708:( 1074:( 827:( 817:( 785:( 670:( 560:( 490:( 250:. 122:) 116:( 111:) 107:( 97:· 90:· 83:· 76:· 49:. 20:)

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