566:
motifs of grapes, pomegranates, apples, and pears. The most important expression of plant motifs in
Armenian applied art is the tree of life, which is represented in the most various ways, sometimes highly stylized and generalized. The tree of life is often the central decoration of the composition, around which other images are gathered. In general, the tree of life is never embroidered separately in household embroidery, it is surrounded by pairs of birds and animals, together with them it forms one complete image, expressing a certain meaning. Apart from the ones mentioned above, geometric and animal ornaments were also popular. The bird pattern is a fairly common motif in embroidery. Both clothes and household items were decorated with it. Among the animal ornaments of traditional Armenian embroidery, the snake-dragon motif has a unique place, which is presented in all its pictorial (real form and stylized) and semantic (good and evil) richness. In embroidery, the snake pattern is not one of the widespread motifs, it is not found as the main, central image, as in carpets and rugs, but as a complementary element that completes the ornament, it has many manifestations.
396:
Lace was made by tying knots that were usually tied in the previous round of cloth, creating small loops of thread that were tied into subsequent knots. The patterns were created by changing the length of the loops, adding additional loops to the previous loops. Tablecloths, curtains, carpets, handcrafts of monasteries (Lim, Aghtamar, Varagavank, Msho
Arakelots monastery, etc.) were preserved from Van-Vaspurakan. Clothes, necklaces, bracelets, cuffs, aprons, kachak-chambars, mezars, etc. were decorated. Men's clothes also had embroidered parts, including pants and shawls, whose fabric with bunches protected them from cold and rain. Among the samples in the Yerevan State Museum, a 6 and a half-meter-long towel embroidered by Van is preserved, and the napkins also had ornaments. Preserved samples of needlework feature many images of the tree of life. At the beginning of the 20th century, embroideries with patriotic and historical scenes gained popularity. Examples include: "Mother Armenia," "Artsiv Vaspurakani," "Khrimyan Hayrik," "Varaga Monastery," "Aghtamar," "Sipana Sar". The royal flag of Artsrun is a remarkable embroidered work.
455:
Curtains, tablecloths, towels, candlestick tablecloths, handkerchiefs, purses were also embroidered. The embroidered items of the Ararat valley are decorated with gold threads, glitters, and pearl threads. The embroidered church items preserved from the 17th century are notable for their embroidered offering letters. A manuscript copied in 1684 is kept in the
Matenadaran, it has a satin cover. The shirt is made of silk black satin, embroidered with clapiton in golden thread, decorated with pearls, with two and three legs. There are embroidered carpets in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, the eagle carpets were embroidered with silk threads and convex flats. Gold thread embroidered carpets on ‘’mahudi’’ or ‘’tavits’’ are made with top embroidery. There are a lot of embroidered samples of church vestments, lapels, and blinds. One of the oldest veils is the veil of the Catholicos of Khachatur (16th century), on one side is Mary holding the baby Jesus, on the other, Christ crucified. The gold thread embroidered surface is covered with ornaments made of silver thread, it is decorated with beads, and there is a large crystal and 5 hyacinths on it.
409:
Shushi, Yerevan, Tiflis, Nor
Bayazet, and Karin. One notable master embroiderer, Melkon Chilingaryan, showcased the Armenian costume (Armenian cloth) at Caucasian exhibitions in London, Paris, Moscow, and Petersburg between 1853-1873. In Shirak-Karin, the production of embroidered cloth flourished, adorned with various patterns. A diverse collection of embroidered towels exists, with each towel featuring a unique ornament. Additionally, there are preserved samples of silk purses decorated with gold thread. A church curtain has been preserved, and its inscription indicates that it was dedicated to the Church of St. Lusavorch by Maryam in 1613. When Armenians migrated from Karin, they also brought along embroidered images known as "Seven Wounds." The depiction of "Seven Wounds" can be found in the ‘’St. Yot Verk’’ Church of Gyumri. In Kharberd, women were also involved in embroidery, particularly notable were the embroidered saltas, a short top with long sleeves adorned with floral motifs in gold thread.
1198:
241:
and a frame, which was of two types - square and circular. The square circles were called karkah (it’s a frame for embroidery). If embroidery stands were large, were adapted to be placed on the ground, and if small, to be fixed on the table. Golden thread embroidery is a constituent part of
Armenian artistic needlework, which was widely spread throughout Armenia since ancient times. Armenian masters knew many ways of performing gold thread and silver thread embroidery, whose component parts were gold and silver.
562:
and found in embroidery both in stylized, geometric forms and in a natural form. The most popular and common among plant motifs are flower motifs, which appear not only in huge numbers, but also in various forms. In various embroidery works, flowers appear both separately, as the main motif, and together with other images, complementing them and decorating the whole composition. Often, the flower patterns are repeated, incessantly continuing each other, or they form a bunch.
405:
lioness made with gold thread on a black veil, displayed on a tree stand. The miniatures of the manuscripts preserved in
Matenadaran are noteworthy, where embroidered pieces are used instead of the lining of the cover, depicting trees of life and plant ornaments. Ani's embroidery is characterized by intricate stitching, where one image is stitched with several types of stitches, and the gold thread and silk thread harmoniously complement each other.
158:
1696:
61:
1686:
1675:
22:
523:
covers kept in the
Matenadaran is a work from 1766, created in Tiflis. The Armenian embroiderers of Tiflis specialized in embroidering linen, household items, curtains, tablecloths, etc. After 1915, the Armenian immigrants who settled in Tiflis brought with them rich cultural traditions, especially lace-making, from different Armenian-populated regions.
371:, which has an ancient origin. Since the 5th century, Armenian historians have left descriptions of luxurious clothing and church decorations, most of which were embroidered. Thanks to them, we have data and information on Armenian textiles from the early Middle Ages, which at the same time indirectly testify to the earlier origin of embroidery.
510:
The Marash stitch had several versions; one was made flat using a needle-needle technique, and the other was a woven stitch. The technique is confidential, with the working thread following a specific order of transitions known only to the embroiderer. Various threads, including woolen, cotton, silk,
463:
Handmade art has a long history in
Cilicia, dating back to ancient times. Even after the fall of the kingdom and during periods of foreign rule, Armenians in Cilicia continued to preserve their artistic traditions, crafts, and culture. In the 19th century, embroidery emerged as a highly developed art
404:
The oldest examples of embroidery are from the 10th-13th centuries. Among them are the clothes from the tomb of a relative of Tigran
Honentsi, discovered by N. Mar during the excavations of Ani, including the top, cover, and other samples. A masterpiece of Ani's handiwork is the image of a lion and a
382:
are high-value examples of embroidery. Among the exceptional samples, the silk clothes, blankets, and other pieces of fabric taken from the tomb of Tigran
Honents' relative stand out. The mentioned items are embroidered with different threads, embroideries and ornaments, which gives an opportunity to
342:
The second group consists of embroidered shirts, crowns and helmets, belts, slippers, etc. One of the important components of the interior decoration of Armenian churches are the curtains, which are of three types - the tabernacle, the baptistery, and the baptismal basin. On the curtains are depicted
249:
The patterns in Armenian embroidery are diverse, ranging from plant and animal ornaments to geometric figures and depictions of heavenly bodies. Embroiderers in different settlements developed these patterns in their own unique ways. There are also various types of embroideries, and samples have been
240:
Armenian embroidery is rich in materials used as a base - leather, fabric, etc., as well as thread types and additional decorations. All kinds of wool, cotton, silk textures and home-made threads are used in traditional Armenian embroidery. The main tools of embroidery are a needle, thimble, scissors
565:
Floral ornaments are not limited to flowers. In general, the nature of Armenia and the occupations of the people are reflected in Armenian folk embroidery. Armenian fine art is also rich in images of fruits. All the fruits common in Armenia are represented in embroidery, but the most popular are the
531:
Armenian embroidery is divided into two major types: secular (with rural and urban subtypes) and ecclesiastical, within which the embroidery of clothes (national taraz and ecclesiastical outfits) and household items is distinguished. Both types of handicrafts are distinguished by the variety of used
395:
Van was Armenian with various needlework, Armenians spread the Van stitch in different countries: Cilicia, Constantinople, and Middle East. Van was also famous for its types of lace. In the fine embroidered laces, ancient motifs of the universe, flora and fauna, geometric motifs have been preserved.
287:
Embroiderers of different places used different stitches, in the white embroidery of Aintap, the patterns were made with thread, hammer, and linear platform. The platform of Marash embroidery is called needle-needle, the stitches are uneven, and the pattern is covered over the cloth by taking only a
437:
In 1651, Catholicos Philip received an embroidered eagle carpet presented by the priest Voskan. This remarkable piece featured golden and silver feathers, a large eagle, cross domes on both sides, heavenly luminaries, and the image of a man above. The embroidery was convex, with intricate vegetable
569:
The human figure is the least common ornament. The figures of people sometimes found in traditional household embroidery designs, which are predominantly female, are highly stylized and geometric. Carpet embroideries are a remarkable part of Armenian needlework art. In the 17th and 18th centuries,
561:
Armenian folk embroidery is also rich in its colouring system, which is expressed especially in ornaments. Perhaps the most important place in the art is occupied by vegetable ornaments, which have been known in Armenian applied art since ancient times. Floral motifs are very diverse, multifaceted
433:
A renowned example is the ‘’kranpapatan’’, embroidered with floral patterns using colored silk thread. Syunik gained fame for its overhead embroidery, where patterns cut from different cloth were attached to a single-shaded fabric with ornaments. Towels often showcased embroidered patterns in the
421:
Household items like curtains, pillows, towels, and tablecloths were beautifully embroidered. Towels showcased a variety of embroidery styles, including white and colored threads, flat and thread-weight techniques. Common patterns included the S-shaped tree of life and cross-stitch designs. Spoon
408:
In the 19th century, the regions of Shirak and the city of Gyumri, renowned for their rich culture, housed embroiderers' workshops where more than seven dozen masters and six dozen apprentices worked alongside two hundred silk and gold thread embroiderers. Similar organizations were also found in
374:
Other evidences of the high development of embroidery in medieval Armenia are the miniatures. The miniatures contain very valuable pictorial and descriptive data on needlework. The variety of embroidered items in the miniatures makes it possible to distinguish three groups of embroidery: clothes,
338:
Ecclesiastical embroidery is divided into two groups: embroidered items used during church utensils and rituals, and fabrics used for the ritual clothing of clergy. The first group includes curtains, aprons, table and other covers, crucifixes, towels, handkerchiefs for holding the cross, carpets,
386:
Remarkable examples of medieval embroidery are the textures pasted under the covers of the Matenadaran manuscripts, three of which N3661 (copied in 1267), N521 (XIV century), N1518 (XVI century) were studied and described by Davtyan. They are interesting from the point of view of the fabric, the
522:
Armenian art and culture were also very popular in Tiflis. It was a unique center for Armenian culture. Until the first half of the 20th century, an Armenian nunnery operated in Tiflis, where the girls were engaged in needlework with gold thread and silk thread. One of the samples of manuscript
425:
Syunik's embroidery extended to the ‘’giardaklyoch’’, the embroidered head of the curtain that adorns the bride's corner. This piece was adorned with ribbons and acorn, the latter covered in embroidery. Magical items like ‘’dzhu-chamayil’’ and ‘’fridayanuk’’ were also decorated with embroidery.
236:
When used as an edging the lace can be made directly onto the hem of the fabric being edged. When a doily or freeform object (such as the birds and flowers decorating traditional headscarves) is being started a series of loops is tied onto a slip knot which is pulled tight to complete the first
499:
In Sebastia, needlework was widespread, employing shulal and slanting stitches. Swazi and Sebastian's notable stitch is the tars stitch, where the ornament made with colored thread patterns the cloth from below, achieving the desired pattern on the surface. Young women's aprons and socks were
417:
The embroidery tradition in Syunik extends to the Zangezur, Sisian, Goris, and Kapan regions. The earliest examples of embroidery found in these communities date back to the 17th century. These works feature intricate patterns, pearls, and gem embellishments, crafted with gold thread. Various
454:
Ararat embroidery has a long history and ancient traditions. Already in the 19th and 20th centuries, he embroidered suede coats, bras, and linens. The cylindrical cushions of the couch, the mutt akas, were embroidered with gold thread and silk thread. Beadwork was also used at the same time.
232:
The lace is made by tying knots, usually tied onto the previous round of the piece creating small loops of thread onto which the next round of knots can be tied. Patterns are created by varying the length of the loops, missing loops from the previous round, adding extra loops and similar.
359:, which allows us to assume that they were also specially ordered and made in embroidery workshops. Eagle carpets are of special interest. These are quadrangular and round fabrics of different sizes, on which eagles are embroidered with images of snakes, scorpions above or below.
429:
Noteworthy were the tassel-handles, embroidered with carpet patterns, using various stitches such as shulal, flat, chain, and cross stitch. Pipe and lamp glass cases were also embroidered and adorned with beads. Luxurious floral patterns decorated the cover of the baby's crib.
354:
There are two types of embroidered church carpets: eagle carpets and floral carpets. Floral carpets are woven with different threads and techniques and very densely placed ornaments. The floral patterns of these carpets have a lot in common with the frescoes and sculptures of
492:
Urfa embroidery is executed on Manisa cloth with gold and silk threads. The pattern is bordered with gold or silk thread, incorporating thread weight and flat stitches. The short ends of the needle are arranged obliquely in rows next to each other.
387:
threads and, especially, the ornaments and embroidery techniques. Incomparably large and rich are the collections of church silk thread, gold thread precious embroidery, among which the oldest sample is the religious banner of Etchmiadzin Treasury.
570:
exceptional and remarkable samples of embroidered carpets are preserved in many museums of the world, the decoration system of which almost completely repeats or shows great commonalities with dragon carpets and other carpets of the same period.
210:. Where lacis adds decorative stitches to a net ground, Armenian needlelace involves making the net itself decorative. Representations of the lace have been described on ancient statuary, and in centuries-old stonework.
506:
The Zeytun seam, known as a blunt needle, involves the working thread filling the pattern on the cloth, and the threads sticking to each other from the side. The edges can be short and long, and the surface is convex.
418:
elements of costumes, such as ties, shirt chests, and buttonholes, were adorned with embroidery. Members of the upper class, both men and women, had their ‘’mahude mushtas’’ intricately embroidered with gold thread.
552:
and Syunik-Artsakh. Each of these schools has its own characteristics of handicrafts which are manifested in the materials used, threads, color shades, embellishments, areas of application and sewing techniques.
496:
Kilikia stitch involves the tongues of one colored thread entering the field of the other colored thread, resulting in small and dense stitches. The art of lace-making flourished in Aintap and Urfa.
383:
get an idea about the features of medieval Armenian embroidery, the high skill of accomplishment, and in particular the aesthetic taste and other phenomena of the population of Ani.
224:
where lace was the preserve of the nobility, in Armenia it decorated everything from traditional headscarves to lingerie and lacemaking was part of many or most women's lives.
191:
Various threads are used in embroidery: cotton, silk, wool (often colored), as well as beads, pearls, feathers, precious stones, gold threads, silver threads, coins, etc.
1323:
1097:
532:
materials, threads, technical skills, the abundance of ornaments and various assortments. In the second half of the 19th century, several schools of
1472:
1447:
886:
316:, as well as in the schools of settlements. Keeping the national uniform style, each school has developed its own forms and types of embroidery.
1437:
1557:
1467:
944:
915:
857:
828:
799:
770:
1263:
1027:
1494:
514:
The Cesarean stitch is very delicate. The embroidery is made with gold and silk threads on the transparent cloth, it is a thick seam.
1243:
489:
The most delicate embroidery is crafted using Aintap white thread on transparent fabric, employing a thread-weight, linear platform.
217:
and the prevalence of pre-Christian symbology in traditional designs would certainly suggest a pre-Christian root for this art form.
125:
97:
976:
104:
78:
735:
710:
685:
627:
608:
269:
In the case of thread-weight sewing, the place of the threads pulled from the fabric is patterned with other threads,
250:
preserved in Matenadaran, proving the diversity of Armenian embroidery. The most common types of embroidery include:
144:
111:
438:
patterns. Syunik's monasteries also housed remarkable embroidered curtains, including a preserved sample crafted by
1734:
1596:
93:
82:
194:
Embroidery is used to decorate clothes, hats, blankets, socks, household items to create decorative images.
1729:
1067:
1215:
652:
1419:
599:
Armenian Needlelace and Embroidery: A Preservation of Some of History's Oldest and Finest Needlework
969:
40:
348:
118:
71:
1197:
1724:
1679:
537:
356:
1719:
1442:
582:
464:
form in Cilicia, with each settlement having its unique and distinct style of embroidery.
8:
1591:
1514:
1173:
962:
1366:
938:
909:
880:
851:
822:
793:
764:
1356:
1303:
1168:
1057:
731:
706:
681:
623:
604:
597:
36:
1504:
1429:
1253:
439:
344:
1700:
1662:
1581:
1537:
1519:
1509:
1462:
1017:
1012:
443:
339:
pillows, decorations of the throne of the Catholicos, embroidered pictures, etc.
1022:
1690:
1652:
1611:
1586:
1529:
1258:
313:
213:
There is some archeological evidence suggesting the use of lace in prehistoric
1273:
1713:
1637:
1616:
1606:
1601:
1552:
1499:
1414:
1409:
1293:
1228:
1145:
1140:
1102:
1072:
1032:
1007:
541:
283:
Hammock thread covers the surface of the pattern by the threads of the fabric
31:
1567:
1547:
1452:
1399:
1376:
1351:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1278:
1223:
1178:
1150:
1107:
1082:
1077:
1062:
1457:
1404:
1288:
1248:
1238:
1206:
994:
185:
1632:
1542:
1361:
1346:
1298:
1283:
1268:
1233:
1130:
1117:
1087:
1052:
1037:
1002:
301:
203:
1642:
1486:
1391:
1183:
1135:
206:, Armenian needlelace seems to be an obvious descendant of net making
157:
426:
Girls' and brides' shoes featured intricate gold thread embroidery.
60:
1576:
1381:
1328:
1092:
1047:
1695:
1647:
1338:
1160:
1125:
549:
545:
533:
368:
309:
305:
297:
214:
1674:
1657:
1371:
221:
319:
Armenian embroidery mainly developed in three major branches:
954:
503:
Tarson stitch involves silk thread filling on sheer fabric.
378:
The 13th century fabric samples found in the excavations of
985:
280:
Filling - the surface of the cloth is filled with patterns.
207:
379:
188:
made using only a needle, thread and pair of scissors.
594:
526:
277:
Patterns are made from other pieces on a large piece.
351:, St. Gevorg and other scenes with biblical themes.
288:
few threads from the cloth with the working thread.
620:
Knotted Lace in the Eastern Mediterranean Tradition
85:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
596:
653:"An Unbroken Thread | The Story of Armenian Lace"
650:
367:Embroidery is one of the widely spread crafts in
308:and the two major centers of Armenian culture in
1711:
517:
323:democratic, related to rural dress and lifestyle
617:
291:
970:
422:bowls were also embellished with embroidery.
304:, Shirak-Karin, Syunik-Artsakh, Ararat land,
390:
375:household items, and ecclesiastical outfit.
333:
885:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
870:
977:
963:
943:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
914:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
856:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
841:
827:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
798:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
769:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
651:Chrisman-Campbell, Kimberly (2021-08-01).
399:
759:] (in Armenian). Yerevan. p. 18.
145:Learn how and when to remove this message
725:
700:
675:
156:
928:
899:
812:
750:
1712:
362:
244:
958:
873:Образчики армянских церковных вышивок
511:and gold winding threads, were used.
458:
730:. Berkeley, CA: Lacis Publications.
705:. Berkeley, CA: Lacis Publications.
449:
412:
83:adding citations to reliable sources
54:
15:
933:(in Armenian). Yerevan. p. 50.
904:(in Armenian). Yerevan. p. 35.
817:(in Armenian). Yerevan. p. 26.
783:
527:The Typology of Armenian Embroidery
13:
544:, Shirak-Javakhk, Lesser Armenia,
14:
1746:
296:Embroidery was widespread in all
1694:
1684:
1673:
1196:
59:
20:
922:
893:
871:Архимандрит, Гарегин 2 (1916).
595:Kasparian, Alice Odian (1983).
70:needs additional citations for
984:
864:
835:
806:
777:
744:
719:
694:
669:
644:
1:
588:
518:Armenian Embroidery of Tiflis
556:
536:embroidery were formed - in
326:urban, commercial-industrial
227:
7:
576:
349:St. Gregory the Illuminator
292:Ancient Armenian Embroidery
29:It has been suggested that
10:
1751:
842:Chizmehyan, Manuk (1955).
753:Հայկական ասեղնագործություն
726:Tashjian, Nouvart (1982).
701:Tashjian, Nouvart (1982).
300:regions, concentrating in
197:
46:Proposed since March 2024.
1671:
1625:
1566:
1528:
1485:
1428:
1390:
1337:
1214:
1205:
1194:
1159:
1116:
993:
678:Armenia Travel Guide 2020
434:shape of a tree of life.
391:Van-Vaspurakan Embroidery
334:Ecclesiastical Embroidery
273:Topstitch has its types:
784:Mar, Nikoghayos (1934).
676:Asatryan, Maria (2020).
1735:Textile arts of Armenia
622:. Sterling Publishing.
618:Dickson, Elena (2000).
400:Shirak-Karin Embroidery
788:(in Armenian). Moscow.
500:commonly embroidered.
266:knitting needle suture
166:
1682:at Wikimedia Commons
844:Kharberd and its sons
357:Etchmiadzin Cathedral
160:
94:"Armenian needlelace"
1626:Other handmade laces
929:Davtyan, S. (1972).
900:Davtyan, S. (1972).
813:Davtyan, S. (1972).
757:Armenian Embroiddery
751:Davtyan, S. (1972).
583:List of fabric names
440:Grigor Tatevevatsi’s
345:the four Evangelists
204:lacis, or filet lace
184:) is a pure form of
161:Armenian Needlelace
79:improve this article
39:into this article. (
1701:Clothing portal
1098:Puncetto Valsesiano
931:Armenian Embroidery
902:Armenian Embroidery
815:Armenian Embroidery
482:Rubinyants’s sewing
363:Armenian Embroidery
260:side by side suture
245:Types of Embroidery
170:Armenian needlelace
1730:Culture of Armenia
1691:Fashion portal
1420:Point d'Angleterre
459:Cilicia Embroidery
167:
1707:
1706:
1678:Media related to
1481:
1480:
1192:
1191:
1169:Broderie anglaise
1058:Hedebo embroidery
657:Ornament Magazine
603:. Epm Pubns Inc.
450:Ararat Embroidery
413:Syunik Embroidery
155:
154:
147:
129:
53:
52:
48:
1742:
1699:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1677:
1212:
1211:
1200:
1114:
1113:
979:
972:
965:
956:
955:
949:
948:
942:
934:
926:
920:
919:
913:
905:
897:
891:
890:
884:
876:
868:
862:
861:
855:
847:
839:
833:
832:
826:
818:
810:
804:
803:
797:
789:
781:
775:
774:
768:
760:
748:
742:
741:
723:
717:
716:
698:
692:
691:
673:
667:
666:
664:
663:
648:
633:
614:
602:
347:, the vision of
150:
143:
139:
136:
130:
128:
87:
63:
55:
44:
24:
23:
16:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1693:
1685:
1683:
1667:
1663:Liturgical lace
1621:
1597:Curtain Machine
1562:
1538:Broomstick lace
1524:
1477:
1473:3 Pair Flanders
1424:
1386:
1367:Dentelle du Puy
1333:
1201:
1188:
1155:
1112:
1018:Point de France
1013:Point de Venise
989:
983:
953:
952:
936:
935:
927:
923:
907:
906:
898:
894:
878:
877:
869:
865:
849:
848:
840:
836:
820:
819:
811:
807:
791:
790:
782:
778:
762:
761:
749:
745:
738:
724:
720:
713:
699:
695:
688:
674:
670:
661:
659:
649:
645:
630:
611:
591:
579:
573:
559:
529:
520:
485:Tarson’s sewing
473:Marash’s sewing
468:Ayntap’s sewing
461:
452:
444:Tatev monastery
415:
402:
393:
365:
336:
294:
263:crossing suture
247:
230:
220:In contrast to
200:
172:(also known as
151:
140:
134:
131:
88:
86:
76:
64:
49:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1705:
1704:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1653:Punto a groppo
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1612:Stocking Frame
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1532:
1530:Crocheted lace
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1515:Romanian point
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Carrickmacross
1171:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
997:
991:
990:
982:
981:
974:
967:
959:
951:
950:
921:
892:
863:
834:
805:
776:
743:
736:
718:
711:
693:
686:
668:
642:
641:
635:
634:
628:
615:
609:
590:
587:
586:
585:
578:
575:
558:
555:
538:Van-Vaspurakan
528:
525:
519:
516:
487:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
470:
469:
460:
457:
451:
448:
442:sister at the
414:
411:
401:
398:
392:
389:
364:
361:
335:
332:
331:
330:
329:ecclesiastical
327:
324:
314:Constantinople
302:Van-Vaspurakan
293:
290:
285:
284:
281:
278:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
246:
243:
229:
226:
199:
196:
153:
152:
135:September 2010
67:
65:
58:
51:
50:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1747:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1681:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1638:Lace knitting
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1553:Filet crochet
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:Irish crochet
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1324:'s Gravenmoer
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1146:Needlerun net
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Point de Gaze
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Punto in Aria
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
996:
992:
987:
980:
975:
973:
968:
966:
961:
960:
957:
946:
940:
932:
925:
917:
911:
903:
896:
888:
882:
874:
867:
859:
853:
845:
838:
830:
824:
816:
809:
801:
795:
787:
780:
772:
766:
758:
754:
747:
739:
737:9780916896201
733:
729:
728:Armenian Lace
722:
714:
712:9780916896201
708:
704:
703:Armenian Lace
697:
689:
687:9789518771770
683:
679:
672:
658:
654:
647:
643:
640:
639:
631:
629:1-86351-121-0
625:
621:
616:
612:
610:0-914440-65-9
606:
601:
600:
593:
592:
584:
581:
580:
574:
571:
567:
563:
554:
551:
547:
543:
542:Upper Armenia
539:
535:
524:
515:
512:
508:
504:
501:
497:
494:
490:
484:
481:
479:Svaz’s sewing
478:
476:Urfa’s sewing
475:
472:
471:
467:
466:
465:
456:
447:
445:
441:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
410:
406:
397:
388:
384:
381:
376:
372:
370:
360:
358:
352:
350:
346:
343:Holy Mother,
340:
328:
325:
322:
321:
320:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
289:
282:
279:
276:
275:
274:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
252:
251:
242:
238:
234:
225:
223:
218:
216:
211:
209:
205:
195:
192:
189:
187:
183:
179:
178:Nazareth Lace
175:
171:
164:
159:
149:
146:
138:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96: –
95:
91:
90:Find sources:
84:
80:
74:
73:
68:This article
66:
62:
57:
56:
47:
42:
38:
34:
33:
32:Armenian Lace
27:
18:
17:
1725:Armenian art
1558:Orvieto lace
1357:Bedfordshire
1304:Valenciennes
1216:Mesh grounds
1179:Lefkara lace
1078:Kenmare Lace
1063:Hollie Point
1042:
930:
924:
901:
895:
872:
866:
843:
837:
814:
808:
785:
779:
756:
752:
746:
727:
721:
702:
696:
677:
671:
660:. Retrieved
656:
646:
637:
636:
619:
598:
572:
568:
564:
560:
530:
521:
513:
509:
505:
502:
498:
495:
491:
488:
462:
453:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
407:
403:
394:
385:
377:
373:
366:
353:
341:
337:
318:
295:
286:
272:
248:
239:
235:
231:
219:
212:
201:
193:
190:
182:Knotted Lace
181:
177:
173:
169:
168:
162:
141:
132:
122:
115:
108:
101:
89:
77:Please help
72:verification
69:
45:
30:
1720:Needle lace
1633:Metal laces
1505:Renaissance
1254:Bucks point
1207:Bobbin lace
1028:Aemilia Ars
995:Needle lace
186:needle lace
1714:Categories
1570:-made lace
1520:Branscombe
1510:Battenberg
1495:Mezzopunto
1463:Schneeberg
1392:Part laces
1131:Filet lace
1118:Embroidery
1053:Halas lace
1038:Argentella
1003:Filet lace
680:. Oppian.
662:2023-12-13
589:References
105:newspapers
1617:Warp Knit
1487:Tape lace
1259:Chantilly
1184:Saba lace
1136:Reticella
939:cite book
910:cite book
881:cite book
852:cite book
846:. Frezno.
823:cite book
794:cite book
765:cite book
557:Ornaments
228:Technique
1602:Chemical
1577:Bobbinet
1500:Princess
1448:Hinojosa
1443:Milanese
1415:Rosaline
1410:Brussels
1382:Yak lace
1329:Mundillo
1294:Flanders
1229:Freehand
1141:Limerick
1103:Tenerife
1068:Nallıhan
1043:Armenian
1033:Argentan
638:Specific
577:See also
534:Armenian
298:Armenian
254:chainsaw
1648:Tatting
1643:Macramé
1607:Raschel
1582:Leavers
1568:Machine
1548:Hairpin
1468:Peasant
1453:Russian
1400:Honiton
1377:Maltese
1352:Genoese
1339:Guipure
1319:Ipswich
1314:Mechlin
1309:Antwerp
1279:Beveren
1244:Beeralu
1224:Torchon
1161:Cutwork
1151:Tambour
1126:Buratto
1108:Youghal
1083:Ñandutí
1023:Alençon
550:Airarat
546:Cilicia
369:Armenia
310:Tbilisi
306:Cilicia
237:round.
215:Armenia
198:History
174:Bebilla
119:scholar
41:Discuss
1658:Sprang
1592:Barmen
1587:Pusher
1458:Idrija
1405:Bruges
1372:Liptov
1289:Binche
1274:Tønder
1264:Chefoo
1249:Blonde
1239:Bayeux
1048:Burano
734:
709:
684:
626:
607:
222:Europe
121:
114:
107:
100:
92:
37:merged
1438:Cantù
1362:Cluny
1347:Greek
1299:Paris
1284:Lille
1269:Cogne
1234:Arras
988:types
755:[
202:Like
163:circa
126:JSTOR
112:books
1680:Lace
1430:Tape
986:Lace
945:link
916:link
887:link
858:link
829:link
800:link
771:link
732:ISBN
707:ISBN
682:ISBN
624:ISBN
605:ISBN
312:and
257:ring
208:fact
180:and
165:2004
98:news
1093:Pag
1088:Oya
786:Ani
380:Ani
81:by
35:be
1716::
941:}}
937:{{
912:}}
908:{{
883:}}
879:{{
854:}}
850:{{
825:}}
821:{{
796:}}
792:{{
767:}}
763:{{
655:.
548:,
540:,
446:.
176:,
978:e
971:t
964:v
947:)
918:)
889:)
875:.
860:)
831:)
802:)
773:)
740:.
715:.
690:.
665:.
632:.
613:.
148:)
142:(
137:)
133:(
123:·
116:·
109:·
102:·
75:.
43:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
