468:
307:
484:
700:', and the largely British populations in the lands east of Dumnonia (Devon and Cornwall) seem to have ended up as 'West Saxons'. In western Armorica, the small élite which managed to impose an identity on the population happened to be British rather than 'Gallo-Roman' in origin, so they became Bretons. The process may have been essentially the same."
577:) was placed under the second and third divisions of Lugdunensis. After the legions retreated from Britannia (407 AD) the local elite there expelled the civilian magistrates in the following year; Armorica too rebelled in the 430s and again in the 440s, throwing out the ruling officials, as the Romano-Britons had done. At the
38:
464:. This 'prehistoric' connection of Cornwall and Brittany set the stage for the link that continued into the medieval era. Still farther East, however, the typical Continental connections of the Britannic coast were with the lower Seine valley instead.
337:. Taking into account the Gaulish origin of the name, that is perfectly correct and logical, as Aremorica is not a country name but a word that describes a type of geographical region, one that is by the sea. Pliny lists the following
1118:
456:
as "the most powerful ruler in the whole of Gaul, who had control not only over a large area of this region but also of
Britain" Archaeological sites along the south coast of England, notably at
573:
1277:
294:"forest" ) for the inland regions. The cognate modern usages suggest that the Romans first contacted coastal people in the inland region and assumed that the regional name
614:. These settlers, whether refugees or not, made the presence felt of their coherent groups in the naming of the westernmost, Atlantic-facing provinces of Armorica,
774:; there, "indomitable Gauls" hold out against Rome. The unnamed village was reported as having been discovered by archaeologists in a spoof article in the British
705:
1143:
999:
444:
led two invasions of
Britain, in 55 BC, and again in 54 BC, in response. Some hint of the complicated cultural web that bound Armorica and
410:
346:
1228:
433:
422:
1046:, emphasizes instead the broader influx of Britons into Roman Gaul that preceded the fifth-century collapse of Roman power.
1211:
1119:"Asterix's home village is uncovered in France: Archaeological dig reveals fortified Iron Age settlement on 10-acre site"
921:
Loriot, Xavier (2001). "Un mythe historiographique : l'expédition de L. Artorius Castus contre les
Armoricains".
857:
1184:
1103:
C.E.V. Nixon, "Relations
Between Visigoths and Romans in Fifth Century Gaul", in John Drinkwater, Hugh Elton (eds)
578:
544:
Archaeology has not yet been as enlightening in Iron-Age
Armorica as the coinage, which has been surveyed by
436:
in 56 BC, continued resistance to Roman rule in
Armorica was still being supported by Celtic aristocrats in
1282:
604:
from
Britain during the poorly documented period of the 5th–7th centuries. Even in distant Byzantium
1272:
808:
696:. We know that the mixed, but largely British and Frankish population of Kent repackaged themselves as '
1147:
323:
17:
653:
31:
996:
665:
196:
184:
was an administrative term designating in particular a sector of the Roman defence line in Gaul in
608:
heard tales of migrations to the
Frankish mainland from the island, largely legendary for him, of
1287:
449:
169:
597:
lists Aëtius' allies as including
Armoricans and other Celtic or German tribes (Getica 36.191).
716:, slaves and the hard-pressed" who deserted other Roman territories, further weakening them.
1177:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
668:, brought by these migrating Britons. Still, questions of the relations between the Celtic
8:
1292:
781:
646:
259:
747:
601:
556:
467:
145:, denoting the localization (or provenance). The inhabitants of the region were called
102:
836:
1267:
1180:
903:
685:
642:
1172:
1016:
930:
895:
693:
673:
661:
650:
545:
457:
429:
378:
267:
41:
The Roman geographical area of
Armorica. The Seine and the Loire are marked in red.
133:, which literally means 'place in front of the sea'. It is formed with the prefix
1215:
1003:
861:
803:
776:
730:
in the ninth and early tenth centuries and, as these regions came to be known as
681:
318:
310:
Map of Briton settlements in the 6th-century, including what became Brittany and
255:
85:
77:
72:
64:
1201:
1085:
886:
Bachrach, Bernard S. (1971). "Procopius and the Chronology of Clovis's Reign".
786:
771:
740:
fell out of use in the area. With western Armorica having already evolved into
677:
657:
590:
582:
568:
476:
432:
and implied by Pliny was long-established. Because, even after the campaign of
382:
263:
185:
899:
1261:
1243:
1230:
934:
907:
631:
510:
445:
441:
437:
402:
971:. However, in those languages, the phrase means "on the sea", as opposed to
216:'the Vast One'), came to be used to designate the Brittany Peninsula, as in
1081:
847:
751:
635:
552:
519:
406:
338:
684:
are far from settled. Martin Henig (2003) suggests that in Armorica as in
813:
791:
615:
586:
1220:
623:
278:, "f" being voiced and pronounced like English "v"), but the older form
453:
398:
394:
374:
237:
709:
605:
386:
358:
329:
228:
217:
177:
306:
282:
is used to refer to the coastal regions of Brittany, in contrast to
755:
742:
732:
723:
619:
594:
560:
537:
492:
483:
414:
390:
334:
311:
106:
767:
719:
610:
528:
501:
418:
370:
366:
207:
125:
122:
54:
1221:
John Hooker - Coriosolite (Armorican) coinage and classification
1093:
by Pierre-Roland Giot, Philippe Guigon & Bernard Merdrignac
472:
461:
448:(the "Britains" of Pliny) is given by Caesar when he describes
176:('those in front of the sea'), to designate the inhabitants of
30:
This article is about the historic region. For other uses, see
630:"). These settlements are associated with leaders like Saints
727:
697:
627:
589:
clashed violently with the Hunnic alliance commanded by King
488:
354:
342:
203:, meaning 'Land' or 'Country' (from an original Proto-Celtic
98:
94:
941:
564:
362:
350:
90:
37:
923:
Bulletin de la Société nationale des Antiquaires de France
708:, the collapse of Roman power and the depredations of the
204:
128:
58:
333:
and states Armorica's southern boundary extended to the
327:(4.17.105), claims that Armorica was the older name for
220:
1278:
Geographical, historical and cultural regions of France
692:
There was a fair amount of creation of identity in the
555:, Armorica was administered as part of the province of
867:
298:
referred to the whole area, both coastal and inland.
460:, show connections with Armorica as far east as the
1042:Leon Fleuriot's primarily linguistic researches in
262:branch of the Insular Celtic languages, along with
766:The home village of the fictional comic-book hero
600:The "Armorican" peninsula came to be settled with
428:Trade between Armorica and Britain, described by
27:Region of Gaul between the Seine and Loire rivers
1259:
712:led Armorica to act "like a magnet to peasants,
361:as having some measure of independence; and the
240:
1164:
571:were reorganized in the 4th century, Armorica (
231:
246:
638:, among the "founder saints" of Brittany.
1171:
1107:, Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 69
1105:Fifth-Century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity?
947:
873:
885:
581:in 451 a Roman coalition led by General
482:
466:
305:
160:- extended by the determinative suffix -
36:
14:
1260:
920:
1070:Language and History in Early Britain
761:
726:peninsula and the lower Seine around
172:. The Slavs use a similar formation,
84:
71:
1116:
770:was located in Armorica during the
24:
1091:The British Settlement of Brittany
141:- ('sea') and the feminine suffix
25:
1304:
1195:
814:Saxon shore (Tractus armoricanus)
574:Tractus Armoricanus et Nervicanus
1029:"Coinage in Iron Age Armorica",
784:in 1993. The opening chapter of
579:Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
1144:"Rearrived from North Armorica"
1136:
1110:
1097:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1036:
794:also refers to North Armorica.
137:- ('in front of') attached to -
1023:
1008:
990:
953:
914:
879:
830:
13:
1:
819:
746:, the east was recast from a
164:. It is glossed by the Latin
1165:General and cited references
1117:Keys, David (1 April 1993).
824:
7:
1044:Les Origines de la Bretagne
997:History Compass : Home
809:Jublains archeological site
797:
559:, which had its capital in
341:as living in the area: the
245:, or in the Latinized form
121:is a Latinized form of the
10:
1309:
838:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
641:The linguistic origins of
301:
29:
1031:Studies in Celtic Coinage
900:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301706
105:, and much of historical
32:Armorica (disambiguation)
1202:Martin Henig, review in
935:10.3406/bsnaf.2001.10167
666:Insular Celtic languages
585:and the Visigothic King
349:as having treaties with
197:Insular Celtic languages
156:), formed with the stem
1002:April 19, 2009, at the
258:, which belongs to the
241:
232:
221:
206:
129:
112:
59:
967:and the Scottish form
702:
541:
480:
315:
247:
180:. The Latin adjective
81:
68:
42:
977:ar thalamh/ar thalúin
690:
486:
470:
309:
192:('Armorican Tract').
40:
1072:Edinburgh, 1953:14f.
985:air thìr/air thalamh
170:Endlicher's Glossary
1283:History of Brittany
1240: /
1204:British Archaeology
1087:British Archaeology
1057:History of the Wars
950:, pp. 204–205.
849:The Free Dictionary
649:descended from the
645:are clear: it is a
73:[arˈvoːrik]
1273:Gallia Lugdunensis
1244:48.1667°N 1.0000°W
1214:2012-07-19 at the
1089:, 2003, review of
959:The Irish form is
860:2011-06-07 at the
762:In popular culture
680:—and Celtic
672:of Britain—
647:Brythonic language
557:Gallia Lugdunensis
542:
481:
316:
199:, the Celtic term
190:Tractus Armoricani
103:Brittany Peninsula
101:that includes the
89:) was a region of
45:In ancient times,
43:
1173:Delamarre, Xavier
1059:, viii, 20, 6-14.
754:under a Frankish
750:viewpoint as the
686:sub-Roman Britain
491:people of modern
479:found in Armorica
215:
152:
86:[aʁmɔʁik]
16:(Redirected from
1300:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:48.1667; -1.0000
1245:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1209:(September 2003)
1190:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1146:. Archived from
1140:
1134:
1133:
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1114:
1108:
1101:
1095:
1079:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1053:
1047:
1040:
1034:
1027:
1021:
1017:De Bello Gallico
1012:
1006:
994:
988:
987:) "on the land".
981:er heer/er haloo
957:
951:
945:
939:
938:
918:
912:
911:
883:
877:
871:
865:
834:
782:April Fool's Day
694:migration period
654:British language
546:Philip de Jersey
535:
526:
517:
508:
499:
458:Hengistbury Head
430:Diodorus Siculus
250:
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150:
132:
88:
75:
62:
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1216:Wayback Machine
1198:
1193:
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1123:The Independent
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1004:Wayback Machine
995:
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958:
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872:
868:
862:Wayback Machine
835:
831:
827:
822:
804:Breton language
800:
777:The Independent
764:
722:settled in the
569:Roman provinces
540:
533:
531:
524:
522:
515:
513:
506:
504:
497:
434:Publius Crassus
324:Natural History
319:Pliny the Elder
304:
270:, "on sea" is
115:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1288:Pre-Roman Gaul
1285:
1280:
1275:
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1224:
1223:
1218:
1197:
1196:External links
1194:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1168:
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1161:
1160:
1135:
1109:
1096:
1074:
1061:
1055:Procopius, in
1048:
1035:
1022:
1007:
989:
963:, the Manx is
952:
948:Delamarre 2003
940:
913:
878:
874:Delamarre 2003
866:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
817:
816:
811:
806:
799:
796:
787:Finnegans Wake
772:Roman Republic
763:
760:
706:C. E. V. Nixon
591:Attila the Hun
583:Flavius Aetius
563:, (modern day
532:
523:
514:
505:
496:
446:the Britanniae
303:
300:
186:Late Antiquity
114:
111:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1305:
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1188:
1186:9782877723695
1182:
1178:
1174:
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1150:on 2024-03-11
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909:
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897:
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876:, p. 53.
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815:
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780:newspaper on
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749:
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739:
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734:
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707:
704:According to
701:
699:
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689:
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671:
667:
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659:
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632:Samson of Dol
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451:
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442:Julius Caesar
439:
435:
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424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
407:Coriosvelites
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
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368:
364:
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348:
344:
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339:Celtic tribes
336:
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70:
66:
61:
56:
52:
48:
39:
33:
19:
1225:
1206:
1203:
1176:
1152:. Retrieved
1148:the original
1138:
1126:. Retrieved
1122:
1112:
1104:
1099:
1090:
1086:
1082:Martin Henig
1077:
1069:
1068:K. Jackson,
1064:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1015:
1010:
992:
984:
980:
976:
972:
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955:
943:
926:
922:
916:
891:
887:
881:
869:
852:
848:
841:
837:
832:
785:
775:
765:
752:Breton March
741:
737:
731:
718:
713:
703:
691:
669:
640:
636:Pol Aurelian
609:
599:
572:
567:). When the
553:Roman Empire
550:
543:
520:Coriosolites
477:billon alloy
427:
328:
322:
317:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
253:
225:
200:
195:In medieval
194:
189:
181:
173:
165:
161:
157:
153:
146:
142:
138:
134:
118:
116:
93:between the
50:
46:
44:
1247: /
1179:. Errance.
855:"Aremorica"
844:"Aremorica"
792:James Joyce
736:, the name
664:one of the
616:Cornouaille
587:Theodoric I
487:Map of the
399:Bodiocasses
314:(in Spain).
174:Po-mor-jane
1293:Roman Gaul
1262:Categories
1232:48°10′00″N
1154:2024-03-11
1033:, 2 (1994)
820:References
551:Under the
475:made from
454:Suessiones
450:Diviciacus
421:, and the
395:Viducasses
375:Eburovices
373:(both the
238:Old Breton
182:Armoricani
166:antemarini
154:Aremoricos
18:Armoricani
1235:1°00′00″W
969:air mhuir
929:: 85–87.
908:0083-5897
894:: 21–32.
825:Citations
710:Visigoths
606:Procopius
471:A Celtic
411:Diablinti
387:Tricasses
359:Secusiani
347:Carnuteni
330:Aquitania
321:, in his
296:Aremorica
290:"on/at",
260:Brythonic
229:Old Welsh
218:Old Irish
212:'Earth',
178:Pomerania
147:Aremorici
130:Aremorica
117:The name
82:Armorique
60:Aremorica
51:Aremorica
1268:Armorica
1212:Archived
1175:(2003).
1128:17 April
1014:Caesar,
1000:Archived
965:er vooir
961:ar mhuir
858:Archived
798:See also
756:margrave
748:Frankish
743:Brittany
738:Armorica
733:Normandy
724:Cotentin
670:cultures
624:Domnonea
620:Cornwall
595:Jordanes
561:Lugdunum
538:Namnetes
493:Brittany
415:Rhedones
391:Andicavi
379:Cenomani
335:Pyrenees
312:Britonia
201:*Litauia
158:are-mori
119:Armorica
107:Normandy
97:and the
47:Armorica
973:ar thír
768:Asterix
720:Vikings
674:Cornish
662:Cornish
656:, like
622:") and
611:Brittia
602:Britons
529:Redones
502:Osismii
452:of the
438:Britain
419:Turones
383:Parisii
381:), the
371:Aulerci
367:Senones
302:History
274:(Welsh
272:war vor
268:Cornish
248:Letavia
126:toponym
123:Gaulish
69:Arvorig
55:Gaulish
1183:
906:
888:Viator
714:coloni
682:Breton
651:Celtic
643:Breton
536:
534:
527:
525:
518:
516:
511:Veneti
509:
507:
500:
498:
489:Gallic
473:stater
462:Solent
423:Atseui
403:Veneti
353:; the
284:argoad
276:ar fôr
256:Breton
208:Litauī
188:, the
143:-(i)cā
78:French
65:Breton
1020:ii.4.
728:Rouen
698:Jutes
678:Welsh
658:Welsh
628:Devon
355:Meldi
343:Aedui
280:arvor
264:Welsh
242:Letau
233:Litau
222:Letha
205:*
151:sing.
99:Loire
95:Seine
1181:ISBN
1130:2015
927:1997
904:ISSN
853:s.v.
842:s.v.
676:and
660:and
634:and
565:Lyon
377:and
363:Boii
357:and
351:Rome
345:and
292:coad
266:and
214:lit.
139:mori
113:Name
91:Gaul
975:or
931:doi
896:doi
790:by
254:In
251:.
168:in
162:cos
135:are
49:or
1264::
1207:72
1121:.
1084:,
983:,
925:.
902:.
890:.
851:,
846:;
840:,
758:.
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