Arthur Blackburn - Knowledge

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went forward with some of his men, but another four were killed by machine gun fire. Another report to Robertson resulted in artillery support, and Blackburn was able to push forward another 30 yards (27 m) before being held up again, this time by German bombers. Under cover from friendly bombers, Blackburn and a sergeant crawled forward to reconnoitre, establishing that the Germans were holding a trench that ran at right angles to the one they were in. Blackburn then led his troops in the clearing of this trench, which was about 120 yards (110 m) long. During this fighting, four more men were killed, including the sergeant, but Blackburn and the remaining men were able to secure the trench and consolidate. Having captured the trench, Blackburn made another attempt to capture the strong point that was the source of the machine gun fire, but lost another five men. He, therefore, decided to hold the trench, which he did until 14:00, when he was relieved. By this time, forty of the seventy men that had been under his command during the day had been killed or wounded. Sometime that night, Blackburn took over command of D Company, but was relieved the following morning.

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reserves to fan out to the north and south of the main blocking position at Leuwiliang. The Japanese soon tried to cross the river about 270 yards (250 m) south of the bridge, but were met with a hail of fire and withdrew with heavy casualties. Over the next three days, the Japanese tried to outflank and encircle the Australian positions, mainly to the south, but Blackburn deployed his forces to the flanks to check them. On one occasion he withdrew one of his units slightly, drew a significant number of Japanese across the river into a killing ground and caused them serious casualties. Blackburn deployed his last reserves on the afternoon of 4 March, and was finally outflanked to the south that afternoon. He ordered his men to break contact and withdraw closer to Buitenzorg. For the loss of around 100 casualties, Blackforce had held up a

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persuade Blackburn and others to participate in propaganda radio broadcasts, but Blackburn gave orders against it and refused to do so himself. In June, the Japanese ordered all prisoners to sign a form stating that they would comply with all orders and would not resist their captors. Blackburn only signed after appending "except where contrary to my oath of allegiance to His Majesty the King". When another form was produced, requiring an oath to be sworn, Blackburn refused. Privileges were withdrawn, dozens of officers and men were beaten, and Blackburn was placed in solitary confinement. In the end, when the Americans decided to sign, Blackburn agreed in the interests of unity and ordered all the troops to sign. By the end of July, Blackburn was conscious that he had lost about 2

1874:, about 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Buitenzorg. Blackburn was then given orders to deploy Blackforce into the Bandung perimeter as a mobile reserve. It soon became clear that the Dutch were about to capitulate, and the Commonwealth commanders decided to leave the Dutch and make a stand south of Bandung. Poorten surrendered Java on 8 March, but Blackburn was reluctant to do so, and sought medical advice on the idea of continuing resistance in the hills. He was advised against this course of action due to the likelihood of many soldiers becoming sick with tropical and other diseases, and surrendered his force on 11 March. During the fighting on Java, 36 Australians were killed and 60 were wounded. In his last order to his commanders Blackburn wrote: 1132: 1507: 1730: 1901: 1892:

they would have to march the 150 miles (240 km) at a rate of 19 miles (30 km) a day, camping beside the road without shelter during the wet season. Many of the troops already had dysentery and/or malaria, and some were unaccustomed to marching long distances. Blackburn wrote a letter, signed by other Allied commanders, protesting this order. The letter said that men would die if the order was carried out, and that he would hold the Japanese responsible for their deaths. The Japanese rescinded the order and the troops travelled by train, leaving on 13 April. Many of the 2/3rd were sent to another camp.

2219:, Japan. Despite his willing involvement, he believed that the trials targeted mainly those who physically participated in crimes, rather than those that ordered them. In December, he was again elected as state president of the renamed Returned Sailors' Soldiers' and Airmen's Imperial League of Australia (RSSAILA), supported by McCann, who was elected as a vice-president. He continued to advocate on behalf of veterans, and took a special interest in the surviving men of the 2/3rd. On 11 January 1947, Blackburn was transferred back to the Reserve of Officers List, retaining the honorary rank of brigadier. 1854:

Dutch blew up the 260-foot (80 m) bridge over the Tjianten River at Leuwiliang early on 2 March, severely restricting Blackburn's freedom of manoeuvre against the southern force. He was then ordered by Schilling to move most of his force approximately 100 miles (160 km) east to counter-attack against the regimental-sized force that had landed at Eretanwetan and was advancing south towards Bandung. This order was withdrawn after Blackburn opposed it on the grounds that the Japanese position was not known, the attack would be ill-prepared, and his efforts would be better spent preparing a

2089:. The party all signed the usual form promising not to escape, having long ago decided they were worthless and resistance was futile. Despite the cold and bleak surroundings, the conditions were in some respects better than in previous camps. Blackburn stopped keeping a diary soon after arrival, as he had run out of ledger paper and was in deep depression. Due to the cold, there were few activities, and most of the prisoners refused to volunteer to work growing vegetables as they did not trust the Japanese to give them a fair share of the produce. In May 1945, the party was transferred to the 1224: 1530:, Blackburn's men, less D Company, were scattered over a wide area of the central front supporting the infantry. Blackburn continued to visit his detachments, often displaying a disdainful attitude to incoming artillery fire which amazed his men. With the Vichy French stymied in the centre and the Allies unable to press forward from Damascus, the overall commander, now-Lieutenant General Lavarack, decided to put his main effort into the coastal push towards Beirut. D Company of the 2/3rd, split up among the various infantry battalions pushing up the coast road, fought at 2108: 2139:, Australia, arriving on 13 September. On the same day he was flown to Melbourne with a short stop in Adelaide, as he was required to report to Army Headquarters and deliver official documents he had kept during his internment. His family travelled by train to Melbourne to meet him. They met at the railway station, and were shocked at his appearance. At this point, Blackburn only weighed 6 stone 4 pounds (40 kg) (88 pounds). After a week in Melbourne, the family returned to Adelaide, and Blackburn was hospitalised for two weeks. 1208:. In accordance with normal procedures, while serving in the AIF, Blackburn had been appointed an honorary lieutenant in the CMF on 20 February 1916 on the Reserve of Officers List. This appointment was made substantive on 1 October 1920, still on the Reserve of Officers List. Continuing to practise law while a member of Parliament made for a heavy workload, and Blackburn did not seek re-election in 1921. In the same year he relinquished his role as state president of RSSILA, but he continued to be a fierce advocate for returned soldiers. 1992: 1028: 1818: 1458: 1746:

Reserve Motor Transport Company, 2/2nd Casualty Clearing Station, about 165 stragglers and 73 reinforcements. About half of the troops were support rather than combat troops. Blackburn organised his soldiers into three infantry battalions, based on the machine gunners, pioneers and engineers respectively, created a headquarters, and formed a supporting transport and supply unit from the 2/3rd Reserve Motor Transport Company. Blackforce was instructed to fight alongside local Dutch forces under the overall command of the Dutch

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subjected him to sleep deprivation. Two days later he signed the oath and was released into the main camp. The Karenko Camp held 400 men, including the most senior Allied officers the Japanese had captured, many of them generals. Food was scarce, everyone was required to work, and seven weeks after arriving, Blackburn's weight was down to 7 stone 3 pounds (46 kg; 101 lb) (101 pounds), 2 stone (28 lb; 13 kg) (28 pounds) lighter than he had been when he had enlisted in 1914.

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2,000 Australians, 200 British, 200 Americans, 100 Indians and 100 Dutch, all packed into a former Dutch barracks designed for 1,000. During his first month at the camp, Blackburn began a diary using an old ledger, which he maintained for much of his internment against the explicit orders of the Japanese. At one point he removed the covers from the ledger and hid the pages inside the lining of his raincoat. The food rations at the Bicycle Camp were poor, and because Japan was not a party to the

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finally received confirmation he was alive, having heard nothing since his capture. In early June, he and 89 other POWs were returned to Karenko, but this stay was brief, as they were soon transported to another camp in Shirakawa in central Formosa, arriving there on 8 June. The food was again poor, malaria was rife, and the POWs were again required to work. By late August, Blackburn had lost a total of 4 stone 6 pounds (28 kg) (61 pounds) since his capture in March 1942.

1418:, which Blackburn understood to have surrendered to the Vichy French. Blackburn baulked at this further splitting of his force, but when the order was confirmed by higher headquarters, early on 16 June he sent the scratch force of around 200 men north. The force took up positions on a ridge overlooking the town, but soon gathered intelligence that 1,500 Vichy French were holding the town, supported by numerous tanks and armoured cars. Blackburn, very concerned about his 1487:

counter-attack from the east. About 11:00 a Vichy French column emerged from Damascus led by a car bearing a white flag. After some discussions, Blackburn accompanied the Vichy French and Free French back into the city, where Blackburn, as the senior Allied commander present, accepted the surrender. Meanwhile, the Vichy French thrust towards Metulla had not reached A Company, and on 16 June the company was ordered forward into support positions for an

1543:(POW). He seconded several officers from the 2/3rd to help him, and travelled widely around Syria, and even managed a brief crossing into Turkey. He became involved in trying to arbitrate in the fractious relationship between the captured Vichy French and the Free French who wanted to recruit them, but the Free French were largely unsuccessful in this endeavour, with only 5,700 of the remaining fit 28,000 Vichy soldiers joining their cause. 2061:

had not received a single letter from his family. They had been writing regularly, but the letters failed to get through. His health was poor, with multiple ailments and severe headaches. It was not until 29 March that he received a letter, dated 30 September 1942. In mid-1944, he received ten letters at once, and discovered that his son Robert had been married. In late September, Blackburn and the other senior officers were transported to

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Knoll", part of "Third (or Gun) Ridge", but Blackburn and Robin, who were sent ahead as scouts, got beyond it. Robin was killed in action three days after the landing. Later in life, Blackburn was modest and retiring about his and Robin's achievement, stating that it was "an absolute mystery" how they had survived, given the range at which they were being shot at and the men who were shot around them.

2166:'Blackforce', which he commanded, was very hastily organised and equipped. It included English, both RAF and Army, and Australian units and personnel. Some, who had left Singapore under very dubious circumstances, were of doubtful quality. Thanks to Brigadier Blackburn's excellent leadership and personal example the little force fought splendidly. Discipline and morale remained high throughout. 1999: 1597: 1454:, who directed him to assist the "weary and disheartened" Free French forward to Damascus. To achieve this task, his force was trimmed to a reinforced company of the 2/3rd and five anti-tank guns, totalling around 400 men. Blackburn arrived at Free French headquarters on 20 June, where he was told that their attack had faltered about 9.3 miles (15 km) south of Damascus. 2248:. He also served on the Television Broadcaster's Board, overseeing the introduction of that medium into South Australia, and was a trustee of the Civilian Internees Trust Fund and Prisoners of War Trust Fund. For his "exceptionally fine honorary service as chairman of several trusts, especially for the benefit of ex-servicemen and their dependants", he was appointed a 1189:(RSSILA), which had succeeded the RSA, held its annual congress in Adelaide. Among the motions that Blackburn moved was one calling on the federal government to ensure that a suitable headstone was erected over the grave of every sailor and soldier killed during the war. He also railed against delays in the deferred pay of dead soldiers being paid to their widows. 1944:. The Japanese commandant was replaced with a stricter man, and the guards were replaced with Koreans, who quickly earned a reputation for cruelty. Beatings were conducted for minor infractions, such as failing to stand to attention quickly enough. In early October, 1,500 POWs left the camp, including almost all of the 2/2nd Pioneers, destined for the 1343: 1953:

Bicycle Camp to continue his internment elsewhere. The unit historian of the 2/2nd Pioneers later wrote of Blackburn's time at the Bicycle Camp, "His quiet dignity, masking an unquenchable spirit of protest against Japanese injustices, earned him the admiration of the officers and men who shared with him the humiliation of captivity".

1315:. It concentrated in Adelaide on 31 October, after which Blackburn moulded the separately raised companies into one organisation. Multi-day route marches featured strongly in their training; Blackburn invariably marched at the front of his battalion. After undergoing training, the battalion entrained for Sydney where it embarked on 1411:. Blackburn then led A Company on another 19-mile (30 km) drive before returning to check on the dispositions of his remaining troops at the bridge, near which he established his headquarters. Also on the 15th, D Company was detached from the battalion to support the coastal advance, and remained so throughout the campaign. 1793:

various airfields, where its members established defensive positions. Blackburn set up his headquarters in Batavia. On 23 February, Blackburn went to Schilling and asked that he be permitted to concentrate his force for training, but this was refused. The following day, Blackburn was summoned to General Sir

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3,400. Blackburn, as senior officer on board, was appointed as the commander of the embarked troops, and ensured that the soldiers were kept busy with air raid and lifeboat drills, physical training and lectures. On 10 February, the ship departed Colombo, escorted by British, and later, Australian warships.

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service. In this role, he was criticised for refusing to offer public explanations for his decisions not to hold inquests; it was criticism he ignored. The ALP attacked Blackburn's decision-making as coroner, according to Faulkner, this was probably influenced by his involvement with the ESMV in 1928

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This was followed by an additional period in hospital in June and July. Blackburn's Second AIF appointment was terminated on 18 July, at which time he relinquished his temporary rank of brigadier and was transferred to the Reserve of Officers List. He was also granted the honorary rank of brigadier.

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on the outskirts of Mukden. Blackburn considered this camp the best of all those he had been held in during the war, with showers and hot baths, although the latrines were always overflowing and the food was poor. Blackburn had received no letters since arriving in Manchuria, and this contributed to

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Blackburn was beaten several times while held at Karenko Camp, as were other senior officers, often for the most minor of supposed infractions. Blackburn's closest friends were Sitwell and Searle. On 2 April, all prisoners above the rank of colonel were sent to a new camp at Tamasata, about 62 miles

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Until the end of March, Blackforce was held in towns, including in the Leles market square which had been surrounded by barbed wire. It was then split up, with troops dispersed to different camps. Blackburn was initially told that a significant number of his troops would be sent to Batavia, and that

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field guns arrived. In a further effort to draw out the Vichy French, Blackburn personally drove his staff car forward and round in circles in an exposed position, but again the Vichy French did not take the bait. Late in the day, a battalion of British infantry arrived and, under covering fire from

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that threatened to derail the campaign. This involved a blacked-out night-time drive of 28 miles (45 km) at relatively high speed over rough and treacherous roads to the bridge; Blackburn drove in advance of his force. On arrival, he was ordered to detach one of his companies north to block the

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Blackburn, along with a group of four men, crawled forward to establish the source of the German machine gun fire, but all four of the men were killed, so he returned to his detachment. He went back to Robertson, who arranged support from trench mortars. Under the cover of this fire, Blackburn again

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in A Company. Blackburn served at the front for the rest of the campaign, until the 10th Battalion was withdrawn to Lemnos in November, and subsequently back to Egypt. The battalion suffered over 700 casualties during the campaign, including 207 dead. The unit underwent re-organisation in Egypt, and

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Blackburn's eyesight, which had been deteriorating for some time, became so bad that he could not read for more than half an hour. This contributed to his depression, which again took hold, accompanied by recurring nightmares. By early 1944, Blackburn had been in captivity for nearly two years, but

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were the 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion, engineers of the 2/6th Field Company, elements of the 2/2nd Anti-Aircraft Regiment and 2/1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, the 105th General Transport Company, 2/2nd Casualty Clearing Station, and sundry others. The ship, rated for 2,000 passengers, was loaded with

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system for industrial employees. He advocated several radical ideas in his time as a parliamentarian, including removing all single men from the state public service so they would be free to enlist. He was also criticised in Parliament for not paying due attention to important legislation regarding

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Blackburn returned to legal practice in early 1917, becoming a principal lawyer for the firm of Fenn and Hardy. In May 1917, Blackburn was elected as one of five vice-presidents of the Returned Soldiers' Association (RSA) in South Australia, which was led by the first commanding officer of the 10th

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Philip Robin, probably made it further inland on the day of the landing than any other Australian soldiers whose movements are known, some 1,800–2,000 yards (1,600–1,800 m). The 3rd Brigade covering force fell well short of its ultimate objective, the crest of a feature later known as "Scrubby

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food parcels in April, Blackburn put on almost 11 pounds (5 kg) (11 pounds). The reduced work routine compared to Karenko contributed to this. Boredom and depression dogged Blackburn during this period, and the lack of letters from home exacerbated both. Also in April, Blackburn's family

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to capture Buitenzorg. Initially Blackburn planned a counter-attack against the southern advance for 2 March with the Dutch to hold the Japanese at Djasinga, but this was cancelled when the Dutch withdrew to the Bandung area, 50 miles (80 km) east of Leuwiliang. As part of the withdrawal, the

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and appointed to command all 3,000 Australian troops on Java, collectively known as "Blackforce". Blackforce consisted of the 2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion, the 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion, 2/6th Field Company (engineers), a platoon of over-age headquarters guards, 105th General Transport Company, 2/3rd

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to the west of Damascus. The planned Free French attack was scheduled to go forward at 17:00, but they did not move. Blackburn again drove forward, but the Free French again refused to budge. To get the attack moving, Blackburn ordered one platoon of machine gunners forward to a trench about 1,100

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For most conspicuous bravery. He was directed with fifty men to drive the enemy from a strong point. By dogged determination he eventually captured their trench after personally leading four separate parties of bombers against it, many of whom became casualties. In the face of fierce opposition he

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out of a section of trench. Blackburn, finding that A Company had suffered heavy casualties, immediately led his men in rushing a barricade across the trench. Breaking it down, and using bombs, they pushed the Germans back. Beyond this point, preceding artillery bombardments had almost obliterated

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personnel from a camp in Bandung. By this stage, every couple of days a POW was dying in the camp, mainly due to dysentery. By Christmas, conditions had improved somewhat and Blackburn was able to gather enough funds to purchase food for a Christmas dinner. On 28 December he was driven out of the

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defence at Leuwiliang. Sitwell supported Blackburn. Now able to consolidate a position against the southern force, Blackburn disposed two companies of his strongest fighting unit, the 2/2nd Pioneers, in depth along the road just east of Leuwiliang, and kept the remainder of Blackforce in reserve,

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In January 1920, Blackburn was re-elected as state president of the RSSILA, although this was the first time he was opposed for the post, and he only won narrowly. By this time he had built the state branch of the organisation to 17,000 members. During that year, he hosted visits by two notables;

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campaign, advocating in favour of conscription. As RSA president, he was involved in advocating for returned soldiers, and navigated a contentious period in the organisation's history. He also led the fundraising for a soldiers' memorial to be built in Adelaide. In January 1918, he was re-elected

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Blackburn arrived at the so-called "Bicycle Camp" in Batavia on 14 April. Sitwell and other more senior officers were sequestered in a fenced-off part of the camp, so Blackburn became the senior officer, with an American colonel, Albert Searle, as his deputy. The camp contained about 2,600 POWs:

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and light armoured vehicles were available. Blackburn's Dutch commanders directed him to disperse his force to protect five airfields from paratroop drops, orders which Blackburn only grudgingly obeyed, as he was concerned about splitting Blackforce. On 20 February, it divided itself between the

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The 10th Battalion was relieved from its positions at Pozières in the late evening of 25 July, having suffered 327 casualties in three days. Blackburn was temporarily promoted to the rank of captain on 1 August, due to the heavy losses. The battalion spent the next three weeks in rest areas, but

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About 12:00 on 2 March, five Japanese light tanks arrived at the destroyed bridge and were promptly engaged by the pioneers. Two tanks were quickly disabled and the remainder withdrew. Blackburn, realising that the Japanese would begin to probe his defences and try to outflank them, ordered his

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In the meantime, the 2/3rd Infantry Battalion had captured Vichy French positions to the west of Damascus and cut the road to Beirut. In the morning of 21 June, the Free French began to advance; Blackburn's machine gunners supported them and protected their right flank in case of a Vichy French

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elements among the population. Another division and additional regiment landed 160 miles (250 km) further east along the Java coast. The Japanese forces that landed on Java numbered 25,000. Arrayed against them was a Dutch force of the same strength with a ratio of one Dutch to 40 locally

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Blackburn participated in heavy fighting at the landing; by 30 April, the 10th Battalion had suffered 466 killed and wounded. He was soon promoted to lance corporal, and was placed in charge of the unit post office for one month shortly after his promotion. He was involved in subsequent trench

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Camp, the party were paraded before the commandant and ordered to make an oath that they would not try to escape. Blackburn said that he would only sign under protest and duress, and asked what the penalty was for not signing. He was beaten and placed in solitary confinement, and the Japanese

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Blackburn arranged activities to alleviate the boredom and consistently stood up to the Japanese. He was interrogated and was struck by a guard on at least one occasion, but was spared any torture. More junior officers were subjected to torture, beatings and other abuse. The Japanese tried to

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of the CMF. In the same year, along with McCann, he formed the legal firm Blackburn and McCann, continuing the association they had during the fighting at Pozières. On 21 February 1927, Blackburn was promoted to captain, still serving with the 43rd Battalion. In early 1928, Blackburn became a

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candidate, and on 6 April he was elected first of the three with 19.2 per cent of the vote. As a parliamentarian, Blackburn's speeches were generally about issues affecting those still serving overseas, as well as returned soldiers. A notable exception was his successful motion in favour of a

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raised for service overseas during World War II. He was one of only three Australian World War I VC recipients to volunteer for overseas service in World War II. Eleven of the officers selected by Blackburn for his new unit were former officers of the 18th Light Horse (Machine Gun) Regiment,

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Free French troops then came forward to the Australian-held trench. Blackburn then ordered the rest of his men forward. This process, of the Australian machine gunners advancing and the Free French following, was repeated by Blackburn until the forward troops had advanced a total of 3 miles

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Hardy. During Blackburn's term as his articled clerk, on one occasion Hardy was assaulted by two men on the street, and despite his slight build, Blackburn intervened and chased them away. In 1911, compulsory military training had been introduced, and Arthur had joined the

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with tins and other objects. Blackburn sent a party of pioneers ashore to round them up. He gave them the choice of either joining his force or being charged with desertion. Many joined, but their commitment to the force was questionable. The majority of the troops aboard

1422:, decided to go forward to the ridge himself to check on dispositions. In the meantime, the company commander in that location tried to coax the Vichy French tanks to within range of his anti-tank guns, to no avail. Prior to Blackburn's arrival, a British battery of 2098:

tank drove through the camp fence and they were liberated. Searching the offices afterwards, the POWs found thousands of letters and three months' worth of Red Cross food packages. Within days of liberation, Blackburn was on an aircraft, returning to Australia.

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troops on opposite sides, the campaign was politically sensitive and as a result of heavy censorship not widely reported in Australia at the time; the nature of the fighting, where it was reported, was also played down as the Vichy forces outnumbered the

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Blackburn was the first member of the 10th Battalion and first South Australian to be awarded the VC, and his VC was earned in the costliest battle in Australian history. He was discharged from hospital on 30 September, and attended an investiture at

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on women's affairs. Blackburn was discharged from the AIF on medical grounds on 10 April 1917, as he was classified as too ill to return to the fighting. He was awarded an invalid soldier's pension. In addition to his VC, Blackburn also received the

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expressed "grave alarm" at his appointment. He was also chairman of trustees for the Services Canteen Trust Fund from 1947 until his death. Blackburn was re-elected as president of RSSAILA in 1948. On 8 June 1949, Blackburn was appointed as the

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objected that naming the tunnel after a specific veteran was inappropriate, saying it should be named after a major World War I battleground, in line with the highway's theme. On completion, the tunnel was named the Gallipoli Underpass.

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until 1955 and in that year was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) for his services to the community. He died in 1960 and was buried with full military honours in the Australian Imperial Force section of the

1829:, on the road between Batavia and Bandung. Blackforce was to be kept as a mobile reserve to strike the Japanese once they landed, with the Dutch conducting delaying actions. On the following night, the Japanese landed a division in the 1690:, as the Japanese were only 11 miles (18 km) away from Oosthaven. They were transported back to the ship in the dark, and they weighed anchor in the early hours of the following day. While they had been on their abortive mission, 1303:

including the battalion second-in-command, Major Sid Reed, who was to prove valuable in moderating Blackburn's temper at times. The unit was raised in four different states; headquarters and A Company in South Australia, B Company in

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at the time. Describing his actions in a letter to a friend, the normally retiring Blackburn said it was, "the biggest bastard of a job I have ever struck". In recommending him for the VC, his commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel

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On 11 October 1946, Blackburn was again appointed to active duty from the Reserve of Officers List, and was again temporarily promoted to brigadier while he was attached to 2nd Australian War Crimes Section as a witness before the

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and Outer Harbor. Initially called the "Essential Services Maintenance Volunteers" (ESMV) then the "Citizen's Defence Brigade", the men of this organisation, armed with government-issued rifles and bayonets, were deployed by the

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where he met with Wavell. He was directed to use his force in offensive operations against the Japanese. On 25 February, Sitwell and Schilling permitted Blackforce to be concentrated for this purpose, and Sitwell attached a

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on 19–23 August, incurring another 335 casualties from the 620 that were committed to the fighting. Following this battle, the 10th Battalion went into rest camp in Belgium, and on 8 September, Blackburn reported sick with

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the machine gunners, attacked and captured the town; the 25-pounders knocked out three Vichy French armoured cars. Blackburn's advance force had made a significant contribution to stopping the Vichy French counter-stroke.

2154:. On the Sunday after his return, 62 former members of the 2/3rd who had not been offloaded in Java marched up his street and stood to attention. They too were shocked at his appearance. On 9 May 1946, he was awarded the 2044:(100 km) south of Karenko. Searle was left behind, and Sitwell was allocated to a different barracks from Blackburn. He found some of his fellow POWs difficult to get on with, particularly the Australian Brigadiers 1867:-sized Japanese force for three days and killed around 500 Japanese and wounded another 500. The Japanese later stated that they believed that Blackforce was of divisional strength, despite it being only a weak brigade. 1534:

in early July, before the Vichy French requested an armistice in mid-July. The battalion suffered 43 casualties during the campaign; nine dead and 34 wounded. At the end of July, Blackburn left the battalion to join the

2240:(AUR), and he was transferred to the Retired List in January 1950 with the honorary rank of brigadier. In September of the same year he relinquished his role as state president of RSSAILA. In 1953, he was awarded the 1681:

dropped anchor about 1.9 miles (3 km) offshore. Despite receiving a report that the Japanese were already at Palembang, Blackburn was ordered to disembark his force, and they were ferried ashore by a small Dutch

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remained on the ship throughout the rest of the day and all of the next. On 19 February, Blackburn received orders to disembark about 2,000 men, and after several false starts, they went ashore in the early evening.

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captured 250 yards of trench. Then, after crawling forward with a Serjeant to reconnoitre, he returned, attacked and seized another 120 yards of trench, establishing communication with the battalion on his left.

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Blackburn was unable to return to private legal practice due to his health, relinquished his role as city coroner in 1947, and was appointed as one of the fifteen inaugural conciliation commissioners of the

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Lock gives their date of marriage as 16 March 1917, but this is contradicted by R. A. Blackburn, Faulkner and South Australian Births, Deaths and Marriages data, which state they were married on 22 March.

521:. It was during this battle that Blackburn's actions resulted in a recommendation for his award of the VC. Commanding 50 men, he led four separate sorties to drive the Germans from a strong point using 2227:, a position he held until 1955. Given his political history and involvement with the suppression of dockside workers by the "Citizen's Defence Brigade" in 1928, the South Australian convention of the 1878:

You are to take the first opportunity of telling your men that this surrender is not my choice or that of General Sitwell. We were all placed under the command of the Commander in Chief NEI and he

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In the aftermath of the campaign, the 2/3rd stayed on as part of the Allied occupation force established in Syria and Lebanon to defend against a possible drive south by Axis forces through the

5433: 1274:, who ran several editorials criticising Blackburn. In his role, Blackburn often dealt with deaths of returned soldiers, and murders committed by them. On 6 May 1935, Blackburn was awarded the 2027:

on 19 January. After a short stay in a camp that held American and Indian POWs, the party of senior officers left Japan by ship on 25 January, and four days later disembarked in southwestern

1608:'s entry into the war, the 2/3rd left Fih and travelled south into Palestine. On 1 February, the battalion, less one company and with no machine guns or vehicles, left the Middle East on 1841:

The Japanese advance from Merak progressed swiftly, covering 37 miles (60 km) by noon on 1 March, with the Dutch putting up little resistance. The Japanese force quickly captured

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with the 2/2nd Pioneers. Blackburn's stay ended on 10 January, but not before Dunlop had given him a list of men who he recommended should be promoted or receive awards after the war.

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The first day objective of the 10th Battalion on "Gun Ridge" for the landing at Anzac Cove. The green dotted line shows the actual extent of the lodgement at the end of the first day.

1252:

to intervene in the dispute between union and non-union labour on the docks. There was no fighting between the force and the strikers, and the dispute was resolved by early October.

5428: 1430:

Blackburn's area of responsibility was briefly expanded to include all the routes east of the Jordan as far as Quneitra. To cover this he was allocated squadrons of light tanks and

1639:, about 190 miles (300 km) north of the port. These men were to be known as "Boostforce". This was in accordance with a plan that involved the 6th and 7th Divisions defending 5448: 1174:(ALP). According to his biographer Andrew Faulkner, his time in Parliament showed Blackburn to be a man of few words, but his words were chosen well and delivered with authority. 1784:

as his maxims for Blackforce. Blackforce was able to re-equip itself to a significant extent from the Tanjung Priok wharves, where it obtained hundreds of Bren machine guns and

1286:. On 1 July 1939, a few months before the outbreak of World War II, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and appointed to command the 18th Light Horse (Machine Gun) Regiment. 5266: 4872: 1780:

Based on lessons learnt from the fighting in Malaya and Singapore that highlighted the futility of static defence, Blackburn adopted mobility, counter-flanking movements and

2244:. He relinquished his honorary colonel role with AUR in January 1955. In 1955, he was appointed as a member of the Australian National Airlines Commission and a director of 5463: 1379:

in Syria. Blackburn initially divided his time between divisional headquarters in Palestine and the front, while three companies of the 2/3rd, along with a battery of

5312: 4546: 862: 962:, that more help was needed. About 05:30, a detachment of 50 men based on 16 Platoon, D Company, 10th Battalion, was then sent forward under Blackburn to drive the 2275:. Many members of the public and hundreds of former members of the 10th Battalion and 2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion lined the 1.9-mile (3 km) route between 1940:

on 1 September 1942, but retained his temporary rank of brigadier whilst in captivity. In the same month, he began to suffer from depression and fell ill with

596:. After he was liberated in 1945, he returned to Australia and was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his services on Java in 1942. 1870:

Blackburn conducted a fighting withdrawal through a series of fall-back positions to a point just southeast of Buitenzorg, then disengaged and moved back to

1965:. His time there was much more relaxed than on Java, and he enjoyed freedom of movement and the ability to catch up with friends, including his World War I 1961:

Blackburn and some other senior officers were transferred from Java to Singapore by ship, arriving on 1 January 1943, and Blackburn was briefly held at the

1414:

During the day a British staff officer arrived and directed Blackburn to send a company, two anti-tank guns and two armoured cars loaded with ammunition to

5483: 1833:

area on the northwestern tip of Java, and a regiment east of Batavia at Eretanwetan. Both landings were unopposed, and the regimental one was guided in by

5493: 5443: 4493: 2249: 2224: 600: 429: 402: 328: 61: 1079:, but he declined to speak to the assembled crowd about his exploits. The following day he was fêted by the staff and students of St Peter's College. 1788:, grenades, ammunition, and vehicles, from stocks originally intended to re-supply Singapore. Heavy weapons remained in short supply, although a few 1087: 2212: 1769:. Blackforce was essentially deployed to achieve the political purpose of strengthening the resolve of the Dutch, who, according to the Australian 4848: 1474:

yards (1 km) closer to Damascus. The Vichy French did not fire on them, and the couple of Vichy French tanks that appeared were engaged with

1255:

Following the amalgamation of light horse regiments, Blackburn was transferred to the 18th/23rd Light Horse Regiment on 1 July 1930, and to the

2295: 533:

in August, before being evacuated to the United Kingdom and then Australia suffering from illness. He was medically discharged in early 1917.

525:, capturing 370 yards (340 m) of trench. He was the first member of his battalion to be awarded the VC during World War I, and the first 490:, on April 25, 1915, and he and another scout were credited with advancing the furthest inland on the day of the landing. Blackburn was later 5364: 1673:

either. Blackburn was to lead "Boostforce", the objective of which he labelled a "suicide mission", especially given the Japanese had landed

1153: 760: 385: 2256:. The following year, Blackburn and his wife attended the VC centenary gathering in London, and visited the Pozières battlefield in France. 1371:

and were also better equipped. The Allied plan involved four axes of attack, with the 7th Division committed mainly to the coastal drive on

1003:, observed, "Matters looked anything but cheerful for Lieutenant Blackburn and his men, but Blackburn lost neither his heart nor his head". 4496: 2159: 1914: 455: 436: 333: 68: 1442:

then a 50-mile (80 km) journey north, which took nearly two days due to the state of the roads. Meanwhile, Blackburn was recalled to

2298:

office in Adelaide was named "Blackburn House" in 1991. As of 2008 there were eleven streets in Adelaide named for Blackburn, and one in

1838:

recruited troops. Many of the local troops viewed the Japanese as liberators from Dutch colonialism rather than an enemy to be resisted.

1579: 795: 4566:. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Vol. III (12th ed.). Sydney, New South Wales: Angus & Robertson. 907:. The battalion sailed for France in late March, arriving in early April. By this time, Blackburn was posted to a platoon in D Company. 2311: 1148:

Despite his push for the RSA to remain independent of politics, in early April 1918, Blackburn successfully contested the three-member

1017: 5453: 5413: 1798: 959: 17: 5277: 4883: 1977:. On 7 January a party of 900 POWs arrived from Java, including a large number of 2/3rd men, led by the surgeon Lieutenant Colonel 1917:

and did not follow its stipulations, it was difficult to maintain discipline as all but Blackburn had to work regardless of rank.

1082:

He married Rose Ada Kelly at the St Peter's College chapel on 22 March 1917; they had two sons and two daughters. Their sons were

927:. In the early hours of 23 July, the 10th Battalion was committed to its first significant action on the Western Front during the 5003: 2191:

for his service during World War II. Both of Blackburn's sons, Richard and Robert, served in the Second AIF during World War II.

1905: 1326:

via Colombo, where they had ten days' leave, and disembarked in Egypt on 14 May. Upon arrival, the battalion was assigned to the

1295: 1141: 561: 232: 1948:. Another group of 84 left a few days later, but the losses were soon made up by the arrival of several thousand Dutch and 113 1807: 1451: 1438:

to handle casualties. On 19 June his force was ordered forward towards Damascus. This involved a 25-mile (40 km) drive to

1669:

rifles. Some soldiers did not have a firearm at all, and the 2/3rd not only lacked its Vickers guns, it also did not have any

5112: 4745: 4724: 4702: 4664: 4645: 4626: 4607: 4528: 2188: 2023:

Along with other senior officers, including Sitwell, ter Poorten and Searle, Blackburn was sent to Japan by sea, arriving in

5498: 5478: 1991: 1845:

then split into two, with one column pushing east along the north coast towards Batavia and the other driving southeast to

923:

sector of the front line. While in this area, Blackburn was selected as a member of a special raiding party led by Captain

858:, the battalion began rowing ashore at about 04:30. Blackburn was one of the battalion scouts, and among the first ashore. 5468: 2241: 2014: 1492: 703: 2306:

either the Blackburn Underpass or Inwood Underpass, after another South Australian who was also conferred a VC in 1917,

2283:. His medal set, including his VC, was passed to his son Richard, then to his grandson Tom, before being donated to the 951:

1 trench system. Held up by heavy machine gun fire and bombs, McCann, who had been wounded in the head, reported to the

5347: 5170: 1275: 1149: 1095: 679: 1737:(centre, seated) and Blackburn (on his left with map), along with other 7th Division officers, examining a map of Java 1716:

entered the port, which was gripped by considerable confusion. Australian looters and deserters from Singapore pelted

1239:

on 1 July 1928. In September and October 1928, Blackburn helped raise a volunteer force which was used to protect non-

5224: 4588: 2276: 1359: 2339:(Old German) trench system consisted of two lines of German trenches that were objectives of the Australian assault. 2233: 1299: 1157: 565: 1131: 5096: 4904: 4543:

The Story of Anzac: From the Outbreak of War to the End of the First Phase of the Gallipoli Campaign, May 4, 1915

2162:(Military Division) (CBE) for his gallant and distinguished service in Java. His citation for the CBE noted that: 1974: 1283: 1211:

On 30 October 1925, Blackburn was transferred as a lieutenant from the Reserve of Officers List to the part-time

855: 740: 654: 629: 475: 367: 1506: 1503:

were pitted against the well-held Vichy French positions, until the defenders withdrew on the night of 23 June.

5473: 5458: 5423: 5228: 2180: 1600:

Australian troops (probably of the 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion), disembarking at Tanjung Priok in mid-February 1942

1194: 1120: 1091: 767: 541: 31: 5438: 5028:. Vol. LII, no. 14421. Adelaide, South Australia. 13 September 1917. p. 2 (5 p.m. edition). 2237: 2228: 1500: 1186: 1140:

Battalion, Weir. On 12 September, Blackburn was elected state president of the RSA. He was involved in the

545: 422: 54: 5165: 505:

The 10th Battalion was withdrawn from Gallipoli in November 1915, and after re-organising and training in

2135:

where he was hospitalised for another 36 hours. The next destination was Colombo, after which he flew to

1766: 1466: 1107: 916: 915:

Blackburn went on leave in France from 29 April to 7 May. The 10th Battalion entered the fighting on the

510: 269: 1729: 5204: 2094:

his depression. On 15 August, the POWs were told that the war was over, and a few days later, a Soviet

1962: 1945: 1762: 1709: 1558:

on the Turkish border throughout the remainder of 1941. They endured a bitter cold and snowy winter at

1351: 1212: 1086:

and Robert; Richard also became a lawyer and eventually became an eminent jurist, chief justice of the

883: 841: 744: 621: 569: 479: 305: 300: 212: 119: 5488: 4853: 4767: 2070: 1770: 1536: 1527: 1511: 1256: 1236: 936: 625: 450: 226: 123: 82: 1686:

around dusk on 15 February. They were only just disembarking when orders were received to return to

1063:

for his own actions at Pozières that immediately preceded those of Blackburn. Blackburn embarked at

5251: 4877: 2245: 2024: 1327: 1123:

for his service in World War I. His brothers Harry and John also served in the AIF during the war.

995: 756: 752: 467: 139: 4942: 4928: 1900: 5133: 4796: 2284: 2184: 1785: 1596: 1574:

and another inquiry, where his legal skills were put to good use. At Christmas, Blackburn's son,

1263:

of the city of Adelaide, a position he held for fourteen years, with leave of absence during his

1031:

Blackburn (second from left) and McCann (right) after receiving their awards at Buckingham Palace

748: 683: 650: 609: 1294:

Blackburn stopped practising law in 1940, and on 20 June was appointed to raise and command the

645: 5053: 2988: 2045: 1982: 1734: 1670: 1423: 1368: 1249: 1171: 1008: 887: 711: 658: 530: 491: 284: 4676:

The Fighting 10th: A South Australian Centenary Souvenir of the 10th Battalion, A.I.F. 1914–19

5373: 4961: 4735: 4518: 4349: 2272: 2253: 2204: 2155: 1705: 1447: 829: 794:. They trained there until 28 February 1915, when they moved to Alexandria. They embarked on 605: 483: 443: 262: 150: 75: 2081:

The new camp was Chen Cha Tung POW Camp, located about 200 miles (320 km) northwest of

928: 514: 279: 5408: 5403: 4957:"Our Queen Recognises Their Services: Nine New Knights and Many Decorations for Victorians" 4800:. Vol. LXXXI, no. 21, 813. Adelaide, South Australia. 6 October 1916. p. 5. 4281: 4227: 2151: 2127:

in China, where he spent 36 hours in hospital. The next flight was across the Himalayas to

1591: 1488: 1475: 1178: 715: 608:, Adelaide. His Victoria Cross and other medals are displayed in the Hall of Valour at the 4908:. Vol. 89, no. 5, 062. Adelaide, South Australia. 26 December 1946. p. 21. 3162: 8: 5024: 4990: 3256: 2268: 2107: 1864: 1391: 1304: 1269: 1223: 932: 848: 518: 454:(25 November 1892 – 24 November 1960) was an Australian soldier, lawyer, politician, and 274: 1570:. By this time, Blackburn had returned to the battalion after a stint as president of a 1539:

for Syria in Beirut, responsible, among other functions, for the repatriation of French

1316: 718:. Their father died in 1912. At the outbreak of World War I, Arthur was practising as a 4947: 4933: 3072: 2172: 1748: 1547: 1446:

in Palestine to receive orders from the commander of the Damascus front, Major General

1282:

on 15 January 1937, still with the same regiment, and in the same year was awarded the

1000: 956: 952: 837: 787: 506: 495: 257: 4985: 5108: 5066: 5058: 5029: 4995: 4966: 4909: 4828: 4801: 4772: 4741: 4720: 4698: 4679: 4660: 4641: 4622: 4603: 4584: 4567: 4550: 4524: 4388: 3529: 1658: 1632: 1609: 1575: 1431: 1380: 1312: 1116: 1083: 1052: 895: 891: 695: 589: 361: 349: 5057:. Vol. 8, no. 401. Adelaide, South Australia. 17 January 1920. p. 2. 3370: 1817: 1457: 5385: 5356: 1966: 1794: 1781: 1752: 1563: 1531: 1439: 1384: 1217: 1197: 1112: 1099: 1076: 816: 662: 513:

in late March 1916. It saw its first real fighting in France on 23 July during the

395: 355: 722:

in Adelaide with the firm of Nesbit and Nesbit, and was still serving in the CMF.

4719:(2nd ed.). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian War Memorial. 4692: 2028: 1949: 1789: 1605: 1342: 1201: 1103: 687: 633: 599:

Following the war, Blackburn was appointed as a conciliation commissioner of the

593: 537: 526: 175: 5243: 1969:. There were no beatings, and few Japanese were seen, as the guards were mainly 1268:

and his alignment with conservative politics. They were joined by the editor of

1098:, who became a long-serving federal government minister, and his other daughter 4715:& Harding, Bruce A. (1986). Williams, Jeff & Staunton, Anthony (eds.). 4712: 4549:. Vol. I (13th ed.). Sydney, New South Wales: Angus & Robertson. 2049: 1774: 1624: 1435: 1403: 1162: 1060: 987: 870: 825: 779: 736: 666: 636: 499: 459: 323: 5019: 1777:, were "entirely immobile ... inexperienced and probably not highly trained". 920: 536:

Blackburn returned to legal practice and pursued a military career during the

5397: 5377: 5070: 5062: 5048: 5033: 4999: 4956: 4913: 4899: 4832: 4820: 4805: 4791: 4776: 4762: 4683: 4571: 4554: 2303: 2271:, and was buried with full military honours in the AIF section of Adelaide's 2143: 2132: 2112: 2062: 1846: 1830: 1757: 1683: 1666: 1571: 1395: 1244: 963: 522: 5296: 4970: 4581:

From Snow to Jungle: A History of the 2/3rd Australian Machine Gun Battalion

2587: 1020:. He relinquished his temporary rank upon evacuation, and was placed on the 5148: 5092: 4638:

Arthur Blackburn, VC: An Australian Hero, His Men, and Their Two World Wars

4538: 2176: 2036: 2005: 1978: 1941: 1926: 1922: 1834: 1701: 1559: 1519: 1399: 1355: 1279: 1264: 1166:

ex-soldiers. This criticism even extended to attacks from another AIF man,

904: 866: 573: 557: 295: 92: 1346:

The French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon was governed by Vichy forces.

1330:

in Palestine, where it underwent further training at a camp just north of

1135:

Blackburn advocated for the "Yes" case in the 1917 conscription referendum

1027: 2086: 1908:

in the Bicycle POW Camp, Batavia after their liberation in September 1945

1363: 1323: 1240: 1205: 1064: 924: 707: 581: 471: 252: 3806: 3804: 3802: 2357:

The Reserve of Officers List was part of the reserve element of the CMF.

1461:

A Vickers machine gun team from the 2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion in Syria

967:

the trench, and forward movement was exposed to heavy machine gun fire.

3222: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3087: 2565: 2563: 2307: 2280: 2147: 2090: 1850: 1821:

A map showing the Japanese landing points on Java in late February 1942

1811: 1674: 1662: 1644: 1515: 1496: 1443: 1167: 1021: 975: 940: 900: 854:, and after transferring to strings of rowing-boats initially towed by 810: 783: 640: 5297:"Victoria Cross: Second Lieutenant A. S. Blackburn, 10 Battalion, AIF" 5129: 1704:, and about 14:00 on 16 February, it anchored in the outer harbour of 1024:

list. Blackburn's VC citation was published on 9 September, and read:

592:

from the Japanese. Captured, Blackburn spent the rest of the war as a

3799: 2142:

On arrival in Adelaide, he was greeted by three other VC recipients,

2053: 1855: 1742: 1691: 1636: 1331: 1228: 1182: 1075:

on 3 December. The train he arrived on was met by the state premier,

1072: 970: 879: 833: 771: 719: 487: 470:

at the time. A lawyer and part-time soldier prior to the outbreak of

414: 202: 43: 4657:

Australia's War with France: The Campaign in Syria and Lebanon, 1941

3201: 2560: 935:. Initially, A Company under McCann were sent forward to assist the 5097:"History of South Australian Elections 1857–2006 House of Assembly" 4257: 4247: 4245: 2299: 2288: 2264: 2128: 2120: 2095: 1930: 1871: 1567: 1419: 1415: 1376: 1308: 1056: 1013: 691: 577: 553: 154: 4451: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4205: 4203: 4104: 2976: 2715: 2713: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2115:

meeting with Blackburn (right) after his repatriation to Australia

1712:, the capital of the Dutch East Indies. At noon the following day 4308: 4152: 3434: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3426: 3424: 2260: 2124: 2119:

Blackburn's return to Australia was circuitous. He first flew to

1937: 1802: 1654: 1628: 1551: 1499:. Over several days, the pioneers, fighting as infantry, and the 1479: 1398:, committed the divisional reserve to secure a bridge across the 1390:

The 2/3rd were fully committed on 15 June, when the commander of

1260: 991: 775: 549: 463: 391: 4242: 1550:. The battalion defended a position northeast of Beirut, around 986:

For his actions, Blackburn was recommended for the award of the

5419:

Australian Battle of the Somme recipients of the Victoria Cross

4927: 4320: 4200: 3549: 3547: 3232: 3189: 3048: 2994: 2839: 2710: 2671: 2623: 2302:. In 2008, it was debated whether to call the new tunnel under 2199: 2082: 2032: 1915:

Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War

1842: 1755:, but was subordinate to the local Dutch divisional commander, 1555: 1554:

initially, but was moved around to various locations including

1470: 1408: 1372: 806: 802: 699: 5434:

Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George

3421: 3276: 3274: 2524: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 1825:

By 27 February, Blackburn had established his headquarters in

1810:, a British signals section, and a squadron of 16 obsolescent 1465:

On the left flank of the Free French force was the Australian

576:

in 1941, during which he personally accepted the surrender of

4475: 4463: 4068: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2793: 2791: 2493: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2216: 2136: 2066: 1826: 1259:

on 1 October of the same year. In 1933, Blackburn became the

869:, noted there was strong evidence that Blackburn, along with 791: 4761: 4415: 4403: 4376: 4355: 4188: 4176: 4164: 4140: 4128: 4116: 4092: 4080: 4044: 4032: 4020: 4008: 3984: 3972: 3936: 3924: 3912: 3900: 3888: 3840: 3828: 3787: 3775: 3763: 3751: 3739: 3727: 3715: 3544: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 1623:

Blackburn received orders to put 2,000 of his men ashore at

1187:

Returned Sailors' and Soldiers' Imperial League of Australia

548:

in South Australia for several years, and was appointed the

546:

Returned Sailors' and Soldiers' Imperial League of Australia

4771:. Adelaide, South Australia. 11 September 1947. p. 3. 3691: 3595: 3583: 3571: 3517: 3493: 3481: 3469: 3385: 3271: 3244: 3150: 3099: 2851: 2018:

Map of Formosa showing the location of the Karenko POW Camp

1970: 1640: 1227:

A group of Australian VC recipients assembled in Sydney on

585: 4984: 4941: 4898: 4287: 4233: 3286: 3168: 3116: 3114: 2947: 2788: 2611: 2371: 1849:

and Djasinga and preparing to cross the Tjianten River at

653:. His mother died in 1904 at the age of 40. He studied at 620:

Arthur Seaforth Blackburn was born on 25 November 1892 at

5018: 3852: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3298: 3262: 2505: 1540: 1510:

Blackburn speaking to members of his battalion during an

1235:

Blackburn was transferred from the 43rd Battalion to the

903:. In early March, he was hospitalised for two weeks with 5429:

Australian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire

5295: 5147: 5128: 4740:. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press. 4523:. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History. 4439: 4427: 4364: 4337: 4296: 4269: 4215: 4056: 3960: 3948: 3876: 3864: 3816: 3810: 3631: 3607: 3397: 3226: 3060: 2730: 2728: 2575: 2569: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2475: 1185:

with the St Peter's Collegiate Lodge. In July 1919, the

5449:

Australian World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross

5339:

Defence Act 1909 (Act 15, Section 6). 13 December 1909.

5211:. Vol. 7. Canberra: Australian National University 5174:. Vol. 7. Canberra: Australian National University 4790: 3996: 3703: 3667: 3619: 3559: 3505: 3409: 3358: 3346: 3334: 3322: 3310: 3138: 3111: 3078: 3036: 3026: 2923: 2887: 2827: 2815: 2437: 2435: 2171:

In addition to the CBE, Blackburn was also awarded the

1765:

British Troops in the Dutch East Indies, Major General

978:

of the type used liberally during the Pozières fighting

813:, where they remained aboard for the next seven weeks. 801:

on 1 March and a few days later arrived at the port of

3444: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2776: 2740: 2659: 1741:

On 21 February, Blackburn was temporarily promoted to

1071:

on 16 October for six months' rest, arriving home via

580:. In early 1942, his battalion was withdrawn from the 5311: 4827:. Adelaide, South Australia. 6 May 1935. p. 16. 4819: 4547:

Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918

4457: 3535: 2899: 2863: 2803: 2725: 2635: 2548: 2472: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2450: 1647:, some of the troops were equipped with weapons from 494:

and, along with his battalion, spent the rest of the

27:

Australian lawyer and recipient of the Victoria Cross

5047: 4955: 4394: 3679: 3655: 3376: 2536: 2432: 2420: 836:, on 25 April, which marked the commencement of the 735:

On 19 August 1914, aged 21, Blackburn enlisted as a

3643: 3177: 3003: 2911: 2875: 1469:, attacking from the southwest towards the town of 994:in battle that could be awarded to a member of the 755:. The 10th Battalion underwent initial training at 643:, and his second wife, Margaret Harriette Stewart, 466:in battle that could be awarded to a member of the 5202: 4965:. Melbourne, Victoria. 1 January 1955. p. 8. 4621:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. 4600:For Valour: Australians Awarded the Victoria Cross 3126: 2935: 2764: 2752: 2698: 2647: 2599: 2499: 2447: 2250:Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George 2225:Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration 1859:ready to conduct counter-encirclement operations. 1514:match in Syria, late 1941. Blackburn is wearing a 1243:labour in an industrial dispute on the wharves at 759:in Adelaide, South Australia, before embarking on 601:Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration 403:Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration 329:Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George 5223: 4331: 4263: 4251: 4209: 4110: 3438: 3238: 3195: 3093: 3054: 2982: 2845: 2719: 2692: 2680: 2629: 2530: 1088:Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory 5395: 4870: 4846: 4659:. Newport, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing. 4602:. Sydney, New South Wales: NewSouth Publishing. 4481: 4469: 2213:International Military Tribunal for the Far East 1350:In mid-June, the battalion was committed to the 790:, on 6 December. The troops went into camp near 5464:People educated at St Peter's College, Adelaide 5265: 5163: 4640:. Kent Town, South Australia: Wakefield Press. 3156: 2414: 2291:, where it is displayed in the Hall of Valour. 1322:on 10 April 1941. The battalion sailed for the 899:on 20 February 1916, Blackburn was promoted to 5205:"Blackburn, Sir Charles Bickerton (1874–1972)" 4711: 4619:A Bastard of a Place: The Australians in Papua 4583:. Sydney, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. 3553: 2857: 4937:(Supplement). 9 September 1916. p. 8870. 4678:. Adelaide, South Australia: Webb & Son. 4564:The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1916 4497:Department for Infrastructure & Transport 2203:Blackburn's gravestone in the AIF section of 1362:. Due to the involvement of Vichy French and 1231:1938. Blackburn is standing, third from left. 5338: 4597: 3403: 2970: 2797: 2518: 2279:and the cemetery, and eight brigadiers were 2263:, South Australia, aged 67, from a ruptured 2160:Commander of the Order of the British Empire 1956: 334:Commander of the Order of the British Empire 5484:World War II prisoners of war held by Japan 4994:. Adelaide, South Australia. 26 July 1952. 4882:. Adelaide, South Australia. Archived from 2312:Returned & Services League of Australia 2076: 1643:and Sumatra respectively. Due to a lack of 1375:in Lebanon and the central thrusts towards 5494:People educated at Pulteney Grammar School 5207:. In Nairn, Bede; Serle, Geoffrey (eds.). 5168:. In Nairn, Bede; Serle, Geoffrey (eds.). 4755: 4598:Blanch, Craig & Pegram, Aaron (2018). 1566:, which was punctuated by leave drafts to 657:from 1906-1909 followed by studies at the 91: 5444:Australian Army personnel of World War II 1799:American-British-Dutch-Australian Command 1337: 840:. The brigade embarked on the battleship 649:Browne. Arthur was initially educated at 560:, Blackburn was appointed to command the 556:, South Australia. After the outbreak of 529:to receive the VC. He also fought in the 5166:"Blackburn, Arthur Seaforth (1892–1960)" 4951:(Supplement). 28 May 1946. p. 2613. 4690: 4635: 4516: 4445: 4433: 4421: 4409: 4382: 4370: 4343: 4314: 4302: 4275: 4221: 4194: 4182: 4170: 4158: 4146: 4134: 4122: 4098: 4086: 4074: 4062: 4050: 4038: 4026: 4014: 4002: 3990: 3978: 3966: 3954: 3942: 3930: 3918: 3906: 3894: 3882: 3870: 3846: 3834: 3822: 3793: 3781: 3769: 3757: 3745: 3733: 3721: 3709: 3697: 3673: 3625: 3601: 3589: 3577: 3565: 3523: 3511: 3499: 3487: 3475: 3463: 3415: 3391: 3364: 3352: 3340: 3328: 3316: 3304: 3280: 3250: 3144: 3120: 3105: 3042: 2929: 2893: 2833: 2821: 2782: 2746: 2665: 2487: 2441: 2426: 2198: 2106: 2073:, and from there by train to Manchuria. 2065:in southern Formosa and flown to Japan, 1899: 1816: 1728: 1595: 1505: 1456: 1341: 1222: 1130: 1026: 969: 815: 478:in August 1914, and was assigned to the 5242: 5091: 4578: 3858: 3637: 3613: 3292: 3183: 2596:, pp. xii–xiii, 226–228, 346, 603. 1257:18th Light Horse (Machine Gun) Regiment 1142:1917 Australian conscription referendum 1067:for Australia aboard the hospital ship 227:18th Light Horse (Machine Gun) Regiment 14: 5396: 5186: 3132: 2259:Blackburn died on 24 November 1960 at 2102: 1936:Blackburn was promoted to substantive 1177:On 29 August 1918, he was appointed a 4654: 4616: 4537: 3685: 3661: 3649: 2593: 2581: 1933:) in weight due to the poor rations. 644: 5130:"10th Australian Infantry Battalion" 4737:Pozières: Echoes of a Distant Battle 4733: 4673: 4561: 3066: 3030: 2941: 2917: 2905: 2881: 2869: 2809: 2770: 2758: 2734: 2704: 2653: 2641: 2617: 2605: 2554: 2542: 2466: 1657:, including outdated and unfamiliar 1059:. The same day, McCann received the 1055:on 4 October to receive his VC from 1007:returned to the fighting during the 584:and played a role in the defence of 5006:from the original on 10 August 2019 4697:. Prahran, Victoria: Hardie Grant. 2242:Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 1126: 24: 5348:South Australian House of Assembly 5209:Australian Dictionary of Biography 5171:Australian Dictionary of Biography 1981:. This group soon ended up on the 1276:King George V Silver Jubilee Medal 1150:South Australian House of Assembly 824:The 3rd Brigade was chosen as the 710:, and later became a long-serving 680:South Australian Scottish Regiment 25: 5510: 4849:"Underpass Named After Gallipoli" 4517:Anderson, Charles Robert (1995). 2189:Australia Service Medal 1939–1945 1578:, visited him, on leave from the 1360:Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon 5454:Burials at West Terrace Cemetery 5414:Military personnel from Adelaide 4986:"Oxford Wedding for S.A. Couple" 4487: 1997: 1990: 1635:to help defend an airfield near 1402:and thwart a major Vichy French 1300:Second Australian Imperial Force 1094:. His daughter Margaret married 939:, which was involved in a bomb ( 919:in June, initially in the quiet 910: 894:on 4 August, and appointed as a 884:Turkish counter-attack of 19 May 566:Second Australian Imperial Force 540:, and served as a member of the 30:For the English footballer, see 5267:"Sir Richard Blackburn Lecture" 2351: 2342: 2325: 2296:Department of Veterans' Affairs 1998: 1895: 1394:, the Australian Major General 1289: 1284:King George VI Coronation Medal 1181:, and in November, he became a 628:. He was the youngest child of 5229:National Archives of Australia 5107:. Rose Park, South Australia. 4847:Kelton, Greg (15 March 2009). 1761:W. Schilling, and to the 1604:On 14 January 1942, following 1092:Australian National University 743:(AIF) and was assigned to the 725: 13: 1: 5276:. 15 May 2007. Archived from 5149:"2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion" 4871:Morgan, Kym (15 April 2008). 4505: 3811:Australian War Memorial 2018c 3227:Australian War Memorial 2018b 2570:Australian War Memorial 2018a 2194: 1580:9th Division Cavalry Regiment 1106:, author, and adviser to the 704:Australian Army Medical Corps 615: 98: 32:Arthur Blackburn (footballer) 5313:"Streets of Remembrance A–C" 5203:Blackburn, C. R. B. (1979). 5188:"Blackburn, Arthur Seaforth" 2364: 2238:Adelaide University Regiment 1886: 1808:United States artillery unit 1526:In the short lull after the 990:(VC), the highest award for 730: 655:St Peter's College, Adelaide 474:, Blackburn enlisted in the 462:(VC), the highest award for 7: 5499:Australian lacrosse players 5479:Australian prisoners of war 5122: 4858:. Adelaide, South Australia 2158:. On 28 May, he was made a 1906:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion 1904:A group of officers of the 1677:on Sumatra on 14 February. 1383:, were the only divisional 1296:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion 1108:South Australian government 1018:3rd London General Hospital 955:(CO) of the 9th Battalion, 770:on 20 October. Sailing via 562:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion 542:South Australian parliament 233:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion 10: 5515: 5469:Adelaide Law School alumni 4734:Wray, Christopher (2015). 4691:Staunton, Anthony (2005). 4458:Brisbane City Council 2020 3554:Wigmore & Harding 1986 2858:Wigmore & Harding 1986 1771:Chief of the General Staff 1763:General Officer Commanding 1589: 1582:, which was in Palestine. 306:Dutch East Indies campaign 29: 5382: 5361: 5353: 5346: 5299:. Australian War Memorial 5164:Blackburn, R. A. (1979). 5151:. Australian War Memorial 5085: 4636:Faulkner, Andrew (2008). 1957:Changi, Japan and Formosa 1537:Allied Control Commission 1518:and a German World War I 1512:Australian Rules Football 1237:23rd Light Horse Regiment 1216:foundation member of the 1016:and was evacuated to the 741:Australian Imperial Force 690:on 13 December 1913. His 626:Colony of South Australia 544:in 1918–1921. He led the 476:Australian Imperial Force 418:Arthur Seaforth Blackburn 377: 342: 316: 245: 219: 208: 198: 181: 169: 161: 145: 129: 124:Colony of South Australia 106: 90: 41: 18:Arthur Seaforth Blackburn 5252:University of Queensland 4878:Southern Times Messenger 4821:"Jubilee Medals Awarded" 4763:"Appointment Criticised" 4510: 4317:, pp. 422–423, 428. 4161:, pp. 388–392, 415. 2971:Blanch & Pegram 2018 2798:Blanch & Pegram 2018 2519:Blanch & Pegram 2018 2318: 2246:Trans Australia Airlines 2077:Manchuria and liberation 1814:to Blackburn's command. 1786:Thompson submachine guns 1700:was escorted across the 1467:2/3rd Infantry Battalion 1145:unopposed as president. 861:Australia's World War I 568:, and led it during the 140:Crafers, South Australia 97:Captain A. S. Blackburn 5332: 5134:Australian War Memorial 4792:"Australians Decorated" 4756:Newspapers and gazettes 4655:James, Richard (2017). 4562:Bean, C. E. W. (1941). 2500:C. R. B. Blackburn 1979 2285:Australian War Memorial 1671:Bren light machine guns 1585: 1493:2/2nd Pioneer Battalion 1434:, as well as a British 1218:Legacy Club of Adelaide 996:Australian armed forces 805:on the Greek island of 684:Citizen Military Forces 661:, where he completed a 651:Pulteney Grammar School 610:Australian War Memorial 468:Australian armed forces 5101:State Electoral Office 4617:Brune, Peter (2004) . 4579:Bellair, John (1987). 4332:National Archives 2018 4264:National Archives 2018 4252:National Archives 2018 4210:National Archives 2018 4111:National Archives 2018 3439:National Archives 2018 3239:National Archives 2018 3196:National Archives 2018 3096:, pp. 32, 43, 47. 3094:National Archives 2018 3055:National Archives 2018 2983:National Archives 2018 2846:National Archives 2018 2720:National Archives 2018 2693:National Archives 2018 2681:National Archives 2018 2630:National Archives 2018 2620:, pp. 46–47, 162. 2531:National Archives 2018 2229:Australian Labor Party 2207: 2168: 2116: 2052:. With the arrival of 2046:Harold Burfield Taylor 1983:Thailand-Burma railway 1946:Thailand–Burma railway 1909: 1884: 1822: 1738: 1601: 1523: 1462: 1424:Ordnance QF 25-pounder 1352:Syria–Lebanon campaign 1347: 1338:Syria–Lebanon campaign 1250:South Australia Police 1232: 1172:Australian Labor Party 1170:, from the opposition 1136: 1090:and chancellor of the 1048: 1032: 1009:Battle of Mouquet Farm 979: 878:warfare defending the 863:official war historian 821: 782:, the ship arrived at 702:doctor, served in the 659:University of Adelaide 570:Syria–Lebanon Campaign 531:Battle of Mouquet Farm 301:Syria–Lebanon Campaign 285:Battle of Mouquet Farm 5474:Australian Freemasons 5459:Lawyers from Adelaide 5424:Australian brigadiers 5374:Thomas Hyland Smeaton 5317:Brisbane City Council 5225:"NAA: B883, SX500503" 5049:"Soldiers' Elections" 2273:West Terrace Cemetery 2254:1955 New Year Honours 2205:West Terrace Cemetery 2202: 2164: 2156:Efficiency Decoration 2110: 1979:Ernest "Weary" Dunlop 1903: 1876: 1820: 1773:, Lieutenant General 1732: 1599: 1509: 1476:Boys anti-tank rifles 1460: 1452:6th Infantry Division 1448:John Fullerton Evetts 1345: 1278:. He was promoted to 1226: 1134: 1034: 1030: 973: 830:landing at Anzac Cove 819: 698:, became a prominent 665:in 1913, after being 606:West Terrace Cemetery 362:Sir Charles Blackburn 350:Sir Richard Blackburn 263:Landing at Anzac Cove 182:Years of service 151:West Terrace Cemetery 4674:Lock, Cecil (1936). 4482:Kelton 15 March 2009 4470:Morgan 15 April 2008 4077:, pp. 352, 356. 3157:ACT Law Society 2007 3069:, pp. 163, 204. 2415:R. A. Blackburn 1979 2277:St Peter's Cathedral 2015:class=notpageimage| 1735:Arthur "Tubby" Allen 1592:Battle of Leuwiliang 1179:justice of the peace 809:in the northeastern 716:University of Sydney 484:landed at Anzac Cove 401:Commissioner of the 5439:Australian coroners 5020:"Returned Soldiers" 4900:"New RSL President" 4873:"Anzac Tunnel Feud" 4717:They Dared Mightily 4494:Gallipoli Underpass 4424:, pp. 436–437. 4412:, pp. 432–433. 4385:, pp. 430–431. 4197:, pp. 417–419. 4185:, pp. 409–414. 4173:, pp. 396–407. 4149:, pp. 384–387. 4137:, pp. 377–383. 4125:, pp. 371–376. 4101:, pp. 361–369. 4089:, pp. 357–360. 4053:, pp. 328–330. 4041:, pp. 312–327. 4029:, pp. 306–312. 4017:, pp. 305–306. 3993:, pp. 296–301. 3981:, pp. 304–305. 3945:, pp. 293–295. 3933:, pp. 289–292. 3921:, pp. 283–287. 3909:, pp. 281–283. 3897:, pp. 279–280. 3849:, pp. 270–273. 3837:, pp. 266–269. 3796:, pp. 255–261. 3784:, pp. 251–253. 3772:, pp. 247–249. 3760:, pp. 241–243. 3748:, pp. 238–240. 3736:, pp. 235–237. 3724:, pp. 232–235. 3700:, pp. 228–231. 3604:, pp. 200–211. 3592:, pp. 192–199. 3580:, pp. 184–185. 3526:, pp. 165–167. 3502:, pp. 163–164. 3490:, pp. 150–158. 3478:, pp. 136–137. 3394:, pp. 133–134. 3295:, pp. 218–220. 3283:, pp. 129–136. 3253:, pp. 128–129. 3108:, pp. 120–123. 2584:, pp. 246–252. 2269:common iliac artery 2185:War Medal 1939–1945 2103:Return to Australia 2085:on the edge of the 1975:British Indian Army 1973:defectors from the 1204:, who later became 943:) fight over the O. 933:Battle of the Somme 519:Battle of the Somme 275:Battle of the Somme 5371:Served alongside: 5244:"Rosemary Wighton" 4948:The London Gazette 4934:The London Gazette 4235:The London Gazette 2996:The London Gazette 2208: 2117: 1910: 1823: 1749:Luitenant-generaal 1739: 1602: 1524: 1463: 1348: 1233: 1137: 1045:, 8 September 1916 1043:The London Gazette 1033: 1001:Stanley Price Weir 980: 957:Lieutenant Colonel 953:commanding officer 929:Battle of Pozières 847:and the destroyer 838:Gallipoli campaign 822: 515:Battle of Pozières 496:Gallipoli campaign 280:Battle of Pozières 258:Gallipoli Campaign 5392: 5391: 5383:Succeeded by 5369:1918–1921 5283:on 29 August 2007 5114:978-0-9750486-3-4 4991:The Adelaide Mail 4886:on 15 August 2008 4747:978-1-316-24111-0 4726:978-0-642-99471-4 4704:978-1-74273-486-6 4666:978-1-925520-92-7 4647:978-1-86254-784-1 4628:978-1-74114-403-1 4609:978-1-74223-542-4 4530:978-0-16-042087-0 4359:11 September 1947 4266:, pp. 5, 10. 3861:, pp. 67–81. 3640:, pp. 36–39. 3616:, pp. 35–39. 3307:, pp. 56–57. 3266:13 September 1917 3170:The Adelaide Mail 2985:, pp. 39–40. 2908:, pp. 60–61. 2872:, pp. 58–59. 2812:, pp. 57–58. 2737:, pp. 55–57. 2695:, pp. 38–39. 2644:, pp. 53–54. 2557:, pp. 37–42. 2545:, pp. 25–37. 2035:). On arrival at 1882:us to surrender. 1633:Dutch East Indies 1313:Western Australia 1311:and D Company in 1117:British War Medal 1053:Buckingham Palace 896:platoon commander 892:second lieutenant 696:Charles Blackburn 688:called to the bar 590:Dutch East Indies 509:, sailed for the 412: 411: 238:Blackforce (1942) 16:(Redirected from 5506: 5489:Blackburn family 5386:Herbert Richards 5357:Crawford Vaughan 5354:Preceded by 5344: 5343: 5340: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5282: 5271: 5262: 5260: 5258: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5118: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5015: 5013: 5011: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4952: 4938: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4751: 4730: 4708: 4687: 4670: 4651: 4632: 4613: 4594: 4575: 4558: 4534: 4499: 4491: 4485: 4479: 4473: 4467: 4461: 4455: 4449: 4443: 4437: 4431: 4425: 4419: 4413: 4407: 4401: 4392: 4386: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4353: 4347: 4341: 4335: 4329: 4318: 4312: 4306: 4300: 4294: 4291:26 December 1946 4285: 4279: 4273: 4267: 4261: 4255: 4249: 4240: 4231: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4198: 4192: 4186: 4180: 4174: 4168: 4162: 4156: 4150: 4144: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4120: 4114: 4113:, pp. 5, 8. 4108: 4102: 4096: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4060: 4054: 4048: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4012: 4006: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3964: 3958: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3928: 3922: 3916: 3910: 3904: 3898: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3773: 3767: 3761: 3755: 3749: 3743: 3737: 3731: 3725: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3701: 3695: 3689: 3683: 3677: 3671: 3665: 3659: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3635: 3629: 3623: 3617: 3611: 3605: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3542: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3509: 3503: 3497: 3491: 3485: 3479: 3473: 3467: 3461: 3442: 3436: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3404:Defence Act 1909 3401: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3374: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3269: 3260: 3254: 3248: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3224: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3076: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3001: 2998:9 September 1916 2992: 2986: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2945: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2903: 2897: 2891: 2885: 2879: 2873: 2867: 2861: 2855: 2849: 2843: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2795: 2786: 2780: 2774: 2768: 2762: 2756: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2723: 2717: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2678: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2579: 2573: 2567: 2558: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2503: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2470: 2464: 2445: 2439: 2430: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2358: 2355: 2349: 2346: 2340: 2338: 2334: 2329: 2234:honorary colonel 2001: 2000: 1994: 1967:platoon sergeant 1801:headquarters in 1795:Archibald Wavell 1782:defence-in-depth 1753:Hein ter Poorten 1653: 1541:prisoners-of-war 1528:fall of Damascus 1501:2/25th Battalion 1436:dressing station 1206:King Edward VIII 1198:William Birdwood 1127:Between the wars 1077:Crawford Vaughan 1046: 950: 946: 882:, including the 676: 672: 663:Bachelor of Laws 648: 630:Thomas Blackburn 552:for the city of 527:South Australian 472:World War I 453: 448: 441: 434: 427: 396:City of Adelaide 368:Thomas Blackburn 356:Rosemary Wighton 171: 136: 133:24 November 1960 117:25 November 1892 116: 114: 100: 95: 85: 80: 73: 66: 59: 49:Arthur Blackburn 39: 38: 21: 5514: 5513: 5509: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5504: 5503: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5370: 5368: 5359: 5335: 5322: 5320: 5319:. 24 April 2020 5302: 5300: 5286: 5284: 5280: 5274:ACT Law Society 5269: 5256: 5254: 5233: 5231: 5214: 5212: 5193: 5191: 5177: 5175: 5154: 5152: 5138: 5136: 5125: 5115: 5088: 5075: 5073: 5038: 5036: 5009: 5007: 4975: 4973: 4918: 4916: 4889: 4887: 4861: 4859: 4837: 4835: 4810: 4808: 4781: 4779: 4758: 4748: 4727: 4713:Wigmore, Lionel 4705: 4667: 4648: 4629: 4610: 4591: 4531: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4502: 4492: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4468: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4444: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4420: 4416: 4408: 4404: 4393: 4389: 4381: 4377: 4369: 4365: 4354: 4350: 4342: 4338: 4330: 4321: 4313: 4309: 4301: 4297: 4286: 4282: 4274: 4270: 4262: 4258: 4250: 4243: 4232: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4201: 4193: 4189: 4181: 4177: 4169: 4165: 4157: 4153: 4145: 4141: 4133: 4129: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4097: 4093: 4085: 4081: 4073: 4069: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4045: 4037: 4033: 4025: 4021: 4013: 4009: 4001: 3997: 3989: 3985: 3977: 3973: 3965: 3961: 3953: 3949: 3941: 3937: 3929: 3925: 3917: 3913: 3905: 3901: 3893: 3889: 3881: 3877: 3869: 3865: 3857: 3853: 3845: 3841: 3833: 3829: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3800: 3792: 3788: 3780: 3776: 3768: 3764: 3756: 3752: 3744: 3740: 3732: 3728: 3720: 3716: 3708: 3704: 3696: 3692: 3684: 3680: 3672: 3668: 3660: 3656: 3648: 3644: 3636: 3632: 3624: 3620: 3612: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3588: 3584: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3560: 3552: 3545: 3534: 3530: 3522: 3518: 3510: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3486: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3462: 3445: 3437: 3422: 3414: 3410: 3402: 3398: 3390: 3386: 3380:17 January 1920 3375: 3371: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3339: 3335: 3327: 3323: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3291: 3287: 3279: 3272: 3261: 3257: 3249: 3245: 3237: 3233: 3225: 3202: 3194: 3190: 3182: 3178: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3143: 3139: 3131: 3127: 3119: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3077: 3073: 3065: 3061: 3053: 3049: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3004: 2993: 2989: 2981: 2977: 2969: 2948: 2940: 2936: 2928: 2924: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2900: 2892: 2888: 2880: 2876: 2868: 2864: 2856: 2852: 2844: 2840: 2832: 2828: 2820: 2816: 2808: 2804: 2796: 2789: 2781: 2777: 2769: 2765: 2757: 2753: 2745: 2741: 2733: 2726: 2718: 2711: 2703: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2679: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2640: 2636: 2628: 2624: 2616: 2612: 2604: 2600: 2592: 2588: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2561: 2553: 2549: 2541: 2537: 2529: 2525: 2517: 2506: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2473: 2465: 2448: 2440: 2433: 2425: 2421: 2413: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2347: 2343: 2336: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2197: 2152:Thomas Caldwell 2105: 2079: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2002: 1963:Changi POW Camp 1959: 1950:Royal Air Force 1898: 1889: 1758:Generaal-majoor 1651: 1594: 1588: 1450:of the British 1340: 1307:, C Company in 1292: 1202:Prince of Wales 1129: 1104:literary editor 1047: 1041: 960:James Robertson 948: 944: 913: 844:Prince of Wales 733: 728: 674: 670: 618: 594:prisoner-of-war 538:interwar period 446: 439: 432: 425: 421: 408: 378:Other work 373: 338: 312: 241: 194: 176:Australian Army 157: 138: 134: 118: 112: 110: 102: 86: 78: 71: 64: 57: 53: 51: 50: 47: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5512: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5390: 5389: 5384: 5381: 5360: 5355: 5351: 5350: 5342: 5341: 5334: 5331: 5330: 5329: 5309: 5293: 5263: 5240: 5221: 5200: 5190:. Genealogy SA 5184: 5161: 5145: 5124: 5121: 5120: 5119: 5113: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5082: 5045: 5016: 4982: 4953: 4939: 4925: 4896: 4868: 4854:The Advertiser 4844: 4825:The Advertiser 4817: 4788: 4768:The Advertiser 4757: 4754: 4753: 4752: 4746: 4731: 4725: 4709: 4703: 4694:Victoria Cross 4688: 4671: 4665: 4652: 4646: 4633: 4627: 4614: 4608: 4595: 4589: 4576: 4559: 4539:Bean, C. E. W. 4535: 4529: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4486: 4474: 4462: 4450: 4448:, p. 441. 4438: 4436:, p. 440. 4426: 4414: 4402: 4398:1 January 1955 4387: 4375: 4373:, p. 429. 4363: 4357:The Advertiser 4348: 4346:, p. 426. 4336: 4319: 4307: 4305:, p. 428. 4295: 4280: 4278:, p. 425. 4268: 4256: 4241: 4226: 4224:, p. 419. 4214: 4199: 4187: 4175: 4163: 4151: 4139: 4127: 4115: 4103: 4091: 4079: 4067: 4065:, p. 339. 4055: 4043: 4031: 4019: 4007: 3995: 3983: 3971: 3969:, p. 298. 3959: 3957:, p. 295. 3947: 3935: 3923: 3911: 3899: 3887: 3885:, p. 275. 3875: 3873:, p. 274. 3863: 3851: 3839: 3827: 3825:, p. 263. 3815: 3798: 3786: 3774: 3762: 3750: 3738: 3726: 3714: 3712:, p. 253. 3702: 3690: 3688:, p. 244. 3678: 3676:, p. 226. 3666: 3664:, p. 119. 3654: 3642: 3630: 3628:, p. 215. 3618: 3606: 3594: 3582: 3570: 3568:, p. 183. 3558: 3543: 3537:The Advertiser 3528: 3516: 3514:, p. 161. 3504: 3492: 3480: 3468: 3443: 3420: 3418:, p. 136. 3408: 3396: 3384: 3369: 3367:, p. 132. 3357: 3355:, p. 138. 3345: 3343:, p. 147. 3333: 3331:, p. 145. 3321: 3319:, p. 141. 3309: 3297: 3285: 3270: 3255: 3243: 3231: 3200: 3188: 3176: 3161: 3149: 3147:, p. 170. 3137: 3125: 3123:, p. 123. 3110: 3098: 3086: 3082:6 October 1916 3071: 3059: 3047: 3045:, p. 114. 3035: 3033:, p. 163. 3002: 2987: 2975: 2946: 2934: 2932:, p. 112. 2922: 2920:, p. 802. 2910: 2898: 2896:, p. 109. 2886: 2884:, p. 593. 2874: 2862: 2850: 2838: 2836:, p. 105. 2826: 2824:, p. 103. 2814: 2802: 2787: 2775: 2763: 2751: 2739: 2724: 2709: 2697: 2685: 2670: 2658: 2646: 2634: 2622: 2610: 2598: 2586: 2574: 2559: 2547: 2535: 2523: 2504: 2492: 2471: 2469:, p. 162. 2446: 2431: 2419: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2350: 2341: 2323: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2196: 2193: 2173:1939–1945 Star 2104: 2101: 2091:Hoten POW Camp 2078: 2075: 2050:Duncan Maxwell 2013: 2012: 2004: 2003: 1996: 1995: 1989: 1988: 1987: 1958: 1955: 1897: 1894: 1888: 1885: 1881: 1775:Vernon Sturdee 1767:Hervey Sitwell 1733:Major General 1708:, the port of 1587: 1584: 1440:Sheikh Meskine 1404:counter-stroke 1381:anti-tank guns 1358:in the French 1339: 1336: 1298:, part of the 1291: 1288: 1213:43rd Battalion 1163:profit-sharing 1158:National Party 1128: 1125: 1061:Military Cross 1039: 988:Victoria Cross 931:, part of the 912: 909: 871:Lance Corporal 856:steam pinnaces 826:covering force 745:10th Battalion 732: 729: 727: 724: 686:(CMF). He was 617: 614: 517:, part of the 480:10th Battalion 460:Victoria Cross 410: 409: 407: 406: 399: 389: 381: 379: 375: 374: 372: 371: 365: 364:(half-brother) 359: 353: 346: 344: 340: 339: 337: 336: 331: 326: 324:Victoria Cross 320: 318: 314: 313: 311: 310: 309: 308: 303: 293: 292: 291: 290: 289: 288: 287: 282: 267: 266: 265: 249: 247: 243: 242: 240: 239: 236: 230: 223: 221: 217: 216: 213:10th Battalion 210: 206: 205: 200: 196: 195: 193: 192: 189: 185: 183: 179: 178: 173: 167: 166: 163: 159: 158: 149: 147: 143: 142: 137:(aged 67) 131: 127: 126: 108: 104: 103: 96: 88: 87: 52: 48: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5511: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5387: 5380: 5379: 5378:Edward Vardon 5375: 5367: 5366: 5358: 5352: 5349: 5345: 5337: 5336: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5298: 5294: 5279: 5275: 5268: 5264: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5210: 5206: 5201: 5189: 5185: 5173: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5150: 5146: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5126: 5116: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5093:Jaensch, Dean 5090: 5089: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5050: 5046: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5017: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4935: 4930: 4926: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4906: 4905:The Chronicle 4901: 4897: 4885: 4881: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4857: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4798: 4793: 4789: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4769: 4764: 4760: 4759: 4749: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4700: 4696: 4695: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4624: 4620: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4592: 4590:0-04-158012-5 4586: 4582: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4526: 4522: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4498: 4495: 4490: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4466: 4459: 4454: 4447: 4446:Faulkner 2008 4442: 4435: 4434:Faulkner 2008 4430: 4423: 4422:Faulkner 2008 4418: 4411: 4410:Faulkner 2008 4406: 4399: 4397: 4391: 4384: 4383:Faulkner 2008 4379: 4372: 4371:Faulkner 2008 4367: 4360: 4358: 4352: 4345: 4344:Faulkner 2008 4340: 4333: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4316: 4315:Faulkner 2008 4311: 4304: 4303:Faulkner 2008 4299: 4292: 4290: 4289:The Chronicle 4284: 4277: 4276:Faulkner 2008 4272: 4265: 4260: 4254:, p. 10. 4253: 4248: 4246: 4238: 4236: 4230: 4223: 4222:Faulkner 2008 4218: 4211: 4206: 4204: 4196: 4195:Faulkner 2008 4191: 4184: 4183:Faulkner 2008 4179: 4172: 4171:Faulkner 2008 4167: 4160: 4159:Faulkner 2008 4155: 4148: 4147:Faulkner 2008 4143: 4136: 4135:Faulkner 2008 4131: 4124: 4123:Faulkner 2008 4119: 4112: 4107: 4100: 4099:Faulkner 2008 4095: 4088: 4087:Faulkner 2008 4083: 4076: 4075:Faulkner 2008 4071: 4064: 4063:Faulkner 2008 4059: 4052: 4051:Faulkner 2008 4047: 4040: 4039:Faulkner 2008 4035: 4028: 4027:Faulkner 2008 4023: 4016: 4015:Faulkner 2008 4011: 4005:, p. 21. 4004: 4003:Anderson 1995 3999: 3992: 3991:Faulkner 2008 3987: 3980: 3979:Faulkner 2008 3975: 3968: 3967:Faulkner 2008 3963: 3956: 3955:Faulkner 2008 3951: 3944: 3943:Faulkner 2008 3939: 3932: 3931:Faulkner 2008 3927: 3920: 3919:Faulkner 2008 3915: 3908: 3907:Faulkner 2008 3903: 3896: 3895:Faulkner 2008 3891: 3884: 3883:Faulkner 2008 3879: 3872: 3871:Faulkner 2008 3867: 3860: 3855: 3848: 3847:Faulkner 2008 3843: 3836: 3835:Faulkner 2008 3831: 3824: 3823:Faulkner 2008 3819: 3812: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3795: 3794:Faulkner 2008 3790: 3783: 3782:Faulkner 2008 3778: 3771: 3770:Faulkner 2008 3766: 3759: 3758:Faulkner 2008 3754: 3747: 3746:Faulkner 2008 3742: 3735: 3734:Faulkner 2008 3730: 3723: 3722:Faulkner 2008 3718: 3711: 3710:Faulkner 2008 3706: 3699: 3698:Faulkner 2008 3694: 3687: 3682: 3675: 3674:Faulkner 2008 3670: 3663: 3658: 3652:, p. 48. 3651: 3646: 3639: 3634: 3627: 3626:Faulkner 2008 3622: 3615: 3610: 3603: 3602:Faulkner 2008 3598: 3591: 3590:Faulkner 2008 3586: 3579: 3578:Faulkner 2008 3574: 3567: 3566:Faulkner 2008 3562: 3556:, p. 35. 3555: 3550: 3548: 3540: 3538: 3532: 3525: 3524:Faulkner 2008 3520: 3513: 3512:Faulkner 2008 3508: 3501: 3500:Faulkner 2008 3496: 3489: 3488:Faulkner 2008 3484: 3477: 3476:Faulkner 2008 3472: 3466:, p. 57. 3465: 3464:Staunton 2005 3460: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3440: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3427: 3425: 3417: 3416:Faulkner 2008 3412: 3405: 3400: 3393: 3392:Faulkner 2008 3388: 3381: 3379: 3373: 3366: 3365:Faulkner 2008 3361: 3354: 3353:Faulkner 2008 3349: 3342: 3341:Faulkner 2008 3337: 3330: 3329:Faulkner 2008 3325: 3318: 3317:Faulkner 2008 3313: 3306: 3305:Staunton 2005 3301: 3294: 3289: 3282: 3281:Faulkner 2008 3277: 3275: 3267: 3265: 3259: 3252: 3251:Faulkner 2008 3247: 3241:, p. 32. 3240: 3235: 3228: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3198:, p. 31. 3197: 3192: 3185: 3180: 3173: 3171: 3165: 3158: 3153: 3146: 3145:Faulkner 2008 3141: 3134: 3129: 3122: 3121:Faulkner 2008 3117: 3115: 3107: 3106:Faulkner 2008 3102: 3095: 3090: 3083: 3081: 3075: 3068: 3063: 3057:, p. 40. 3056: 3051: 3044: 3043:Faulkner 2008 3039: 3032: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 2999: 2997: 2991: 2984: 2979: 2973:, p. 90. 2972: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2944:, p. 61. 2943: 2938: 2931: 2930:Faulkner 2008 2926: 2919: 2914: 2907: 2902: 2895: 2894:Faulkner 2008 2890: 2883: 2878: 2871: 2866: 2859: 2854: 2848:, p. 44. 2847: 2842: 2835: 2834:Faulkner 2008 2830: 2823: 2822:Faulkner 2008 2818: 2811: 2806: 2800:, p. 91. 2799: 2794: 2792: 2785:, p. 93. 2784: 2783:Faulkner 2008 2779: 2773:, p. 57. 2772: 2767: 2761:, p. 22. 2760: 2755: 2749:, p. 91. 2748: 2747:Faulkner 2008 2743: 2736: 2731: 2729: 2722:, p. 39. 2721: 2716: 2714: 2707:, p. 55. 2706: 2701: 2694: 2689: 2683:, p. 37. 2682: 2677: 2675: 2668:, p. 84. 2667: 2666:Faulkner 2008 2662: 2656:, p. 51. 2655: 2650: 2643: 2638: 2632:, p. 36. 2631: 2626: 2619: 2614: 2608:, p. 45. 2607: 2602: 2595: 2590: 2583: 2578: 2571: 2566: 2564: 2556: 2551: 2544: 2539: 2533:, p. 34. 2532: 2527: 2521:, p. 89. 2520: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2501: 2496: 2490:, p. 56. 2489: 2488:Staunton 2005 2484: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2476: 2468: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2443: 2442:Faulkner 2008 2438: 2436: 2428: 2427:Faulkner 2008 2423: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2370: 2354: 2345: 2328: 2324: 2316: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2304:Anzac Highway 2301: 2297: 2292: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2206: 2201: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2181:Defence Medal 2178: 2174: 2167: 2163: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2144:Phillip Davey 2140: 2138: 2134: 2133:British India 2130: 2126: 2122: 2114: 2113:Thomas Blamey 2109: 2100: 2097: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2058: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2016: 2007: 1993: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1954: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1918: 1916: 1907: 1902: 1893: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1873: 1868: 1866: 1860: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1847:Rangkasbitung 1844: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1819: 1815: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1759: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1744: 1736: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1706:Tanjung Priok 1703: 1699: 1695: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1667:Martini Henry 1664: 1660: 1656: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1607: 1598: 1593: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1572:court-martial 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1533: 1529: 1522:in a holster. 1521: 1517: 1513: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1495:on a fort at 1494: 1490: 1484: 1481: 1477: 1472: 1468: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1432:Bren carriers 1428: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1412: 1410: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1396:John Lavarack 1393: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1344: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1320: 1319:Ile de France 1314: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1297: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1272: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1246: 1245:Port Adelaide 1242: 1238: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1196: 1195:Field Marshal 1190: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1146: 1143: 1133: 1124: 1122: 1121:Victory Medal 1118: 1114: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1057:King George V 1054: 1044: 1038: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1004: 1002: 997: 993: 989: 984: 977: 972: 968: 965: 961: 958: 954: 942: 938: 937:9th Battalion 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 917:Western Front 911:Western Front 908: 906: 902: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 875: 872: 868: 864: 859: 857: 853: 852: 846: 845: 839: 835: 831: 827: 818: 814: 812: 808: 804: 800: 799: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 764: 758: 757:Morphettville 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 723: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 647: 642: 638: 635: 631: 627: 623: 613: 611: 607: 602: 597: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 534: 532: 528: 524: 523:hand grenades 520: 516: 512: 511:Western Front 508: 503: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 452: 445: 438: 431: 424: 419: 416: 404: 400: 397: 393: 390: 387: 383: 382: 380: 376: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 348: 347: 345: 341: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 321: 319: 315: 307: 304: 302: 299: 298: 297: 294: 286: 283: 281: 278: 277: 276: 273: 272: 271: 270:Western Front 268: 264: 261: 260: 259: 256: 255: 254: 251: 250: 248: 244: 237: 234: 231: 228: 225: 224: 222: 218: 214: 211: 207: 204: 201: 197: 190: 187: 186: 184: 180: 177: 174: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 141: 132: 128: 125: 121: 109: 105: 94: 89: 84: 77: 70: 63: 56: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 5372: 5362: 5321:. Retrieved 5316: 5301:. Retrieved 5287:17 September 5285:. Retrieved 5278:the original 5273: 5255:. Retrieved 5247: 5232:. Retrieved 5213:. Retrieved 5208: 5192:. Retrieved 5176:. Retrieved 5169: 5153:. Retrieved 5137:. Retrieved 5104: 5100: 5074:. Retrieved 5052: 5037:. Retrieved 5023: 5008:. Retrieved 4989: 4974:. Retrieved 4960: 4946: 4932: 4917:. Retrieved 4903: 4888:. Retrieved 4884:the original 4876: 4860:. Retrieved 4852: 4836:. Retrieved 4824: 4809:. Retrieved 4797:The Register 4795: 4780:. Retrieved 4766: 4736: 4716: 4693: 4675: 4656: 4637: 4618: 4599: 4580: 4563: 4542: 4519: 4489: 4477: 4465: 4453: 4441: 4429: 4417: 4405: 4395: 4390: 4378: 4366: 4356: 4351: 4339: 4334:, p. 5. 4310: 4298: 4288: 4283: 4271: 4259: 4234: 4229: 4217: 4212:, p. 9. 4190: 4178: 4166: 4154: 4142: 4130: 4118: 4106: 4094: 4082: 4070: 4058: 4046: 4034: 4022: 4010: 3998: 3986: 3974: 3962: 3950: 3938: 3926: 3914: 3902: 3890: 3878: 3866: 3859:Bellair 1987 3854: 3842: 3830: 3818: 3789: 3777: 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3693: 3681: 3669: 3657: 3645: 3638:Bellair 1987 3633: 3621: 3614:Bellair 1987 3609: 3597: 3585: 3573: 3561: 3536: 3531: 3519: 3507: 3495: 3483: 3471: 3441:, p. 4. 3411: 3399: 3387: 3377: 3372: 3360: 3348: 3336: 3324: 3312: 3300: 3293:Jaensch 2007 3288: 3263: 3258: 3246: 3234: 3191: 3184:AustLit 2020 3179: 3172:26 July 1952 3169: 3164: 3152: 3140: 3128: 3101: 3089: 3080:The Register 3079: 3074: 3062: 3050: 3038: 2995: 2990: 2978: 2937: 2925: 2913: 2901: 2889: 2877: 2865: 2860:, p. 9. 2853: 2841: 2829: 2817: 2805: 2778: 2766: 2754: 2742: 2700: 2688: 2661: 2649: 2637: 2625: 2613: 2601: 2589: 2577: 2550: 2538: 2526: 2495: 2444:, p. 5. 2429:, p. 4. 2422: 2353: 2344: 2327: 2293: 2258: 2221: 2209: 2177:Pacific Star 2169: 2165: 2141: 2118: 2111:General Sir 2080: 2059: 2042: 2022: 1960: 1942:dengue fever 1935: 1919: 1911: 1896:Bicycle Camp 1890: 1877: 1869: 1861: 1840: 1835:fifth-column 1824: 1779: 1756: 1747: 1740: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1702:Sunda Strait 1697: 1696: 1694:had fallen. 1687: 1678: 1648: 1622: 1616: 1611: 1603: 1545: 1525: 1520:Luger pistol 1485: 1464: 1429: 1413: 1400:Jordan River 1389: 1356:Vichy French 1354:against the 1349: 1328:7th Division 1318: 1293: 1290:World War II 1270: 1265:World War II 1254: 1234: 1210: 1191: 1176: 1147: 1138: 1113:1914–15 Star 1081: 1068: 1049: 1042: 1035: 1005: 985: 981: 974:A No.5 Mk I 941:hand grenade 914: 905:neurasthenia 888:commissioned 876: 867:Charles Bean 860: 850: 843: 823: 797: 768:Outer Harbor 762: 753:1st Division 734: 692:half-brother 641:entomologist 619: 598: 574:Vichy French 572:against the 558:World War II 535: 504: 492:commissioned 417: 413: 296:World War II 246:Battles/wars 135:(1960-11-24) 36: 5409:1960 deaths 5404:1892 births 5363:Member for 5303:25 December 5234:25 December 5215:25 December 5194:27 December 5178:25 December 5139:13 December 5076:28 December 5039:28 December 5025:The Journal 4943:"No. 37585" 4929:"No. 29740" 4919:29 December 4862:23 December 4838:28 December 4811:27 December 4520:East Indies 4237:28 May 1946 3264:The Journal 3133:SA BDM 2018 2281:pallbearers 2087:Gobi Desert 1812:light tanks 1659:Springfield 1364:Free French 1324:Middle East 1065:Southampton 925:Bill McCann 921:Armentières 749:3rd Brigade 726:World War I 708:World War I 582:Middle East 482:. His unit 405:(1947–1955) 398:(1933–1947) 388:(1918–1921) 384:Member for 253:World War I 235:(1940–1942) 229:(1939–1940) 215:(1914–1916) 5398:Categories 4976:11 January 4506:References 3686:James 2017 3662:James 2017 3650:Brune 2004 3539:6 May 1935 2594:Bean 1942a 2582:Bean 1942a 2308:Roy Inwood 2195:Later life 2148:Roy Inwood 1929:; 13 1865:divisional 1851:Leuwiliang 1827:Buitenzorg 1675:paratroops 1645:small arms 1615:. Also on 1590:See also: 1516:slouch hat 1497:Merdjayoun 1480:Senegalese 1444:Rosh Pinna 1407:road from 1200:, and the 1168:Bill Denny 1096:Jim Forbes 976:Mills bomb 901:lieutenant 811:Aegean Sea 784:Alexandria 766:at nearby 712:Chancellor 616:Early life 358:(daughter) 162:Allegiance 113:1892-11-25 5071:223647323 5063:1837-3674 5034:2204-8146 5010:10 August 5000:223647323 4962:The Argus 4914:2200-1042 4890:6 January 4833:1039-4192 4806:1836-7674 4777:1039-4192 4684:220051389 4572:220898466 4555:216975124 4541:(1942a). 4396:The Argus 3067:Lock 1936 3031:Lock 1936 2942:Lock 1936 2918:Bean 1941 2906:Lock 1936 2882:Bean 1941 2870:Lock 1936 2810:Lock 1936 2771:Lock 1936 2759:Wray 2015 2735:Lock 1936 2705:Lock 1936 2654:Lock 1936 2642:Lock 1936 2618:Lock 1936 2606:Lock 1936 2555:Lock 1936 2543:Lock 1936 2467:Lock 1936 2365:Footnotes 2054:Red Cross 1925:(28 1887:Captivity 1856:rearguard 1743:brigadier 1692:Singapore 1637:Palembang 1625:Oosthaven 1229:Anzac Day 1183:Freemason 1102:became a 1073:Melbourne 992:gallantry 886:. 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