80:, at that time the best known and most commonly occurring form of pneumonia. The distinction was historically considered important, as it differentiated those more likely to present with "typical" respiratory symptoms and
1156:
1144:
459:
are intracellular bacteria). As the conditions caused by the various agents have different courses and respond to different treatments, the identification of the specific causative pathogen is important.
1107:
345:
begins) and spreads in a wedge- or fan-shaped fashion toward the periphery of the lung field. The process most often involves the lower lobe but may affect any lobe or combination of lobes.
280:
In the past, most organisms were difficult to culture. However, newer techniques aid in the definitive identification of the pathogen, which may lead to more individualized treatment plans.
972:
Schneeberger PM, Dorigo-Zetsma JW, van der Zee A, van Bon M, van Opstal JL (2004). "Diagnosis of atypical pathogens in patients hospitalized with community-acquired respiratory infection".
929:
Rutman MS, Bachur R, Harper MB (January 2009). "Radiographic pneumonia in young, highly febrile children with leukocytosis before and after universal conjugate pneumococcal vaccination".
409:. In addition, this form of pneumonia is atypical in presentation with only moderate amounts of sputum, no consolidation, only small increases in white cell counts, and no alveolar
1615:
63:
not caused by one of the pathogens most commonly associated with the disease. Its clinical presentation contrasts to that of "typical" pneumonia. A variety of
1065:
Memish ZA, Ahmed QA, Arabi YM, Shibl AM, Niederman MS (October 2007). "Microbiology of community-acquired pneumonia in the Gulf
Corporation Council states".
874:
787:
1234:
2430:
2079:
1047:
500:"Primary atypical pneumonia: A report of 420 cases with one fatality during twenty-seven month at Station Hospital, Camp Rucker, Alabama"
1834:
131:
No signs and symptoms of lobar consolidation, meaning that the infection is restricted to small areas, rather than involving a whole
1858:
1630:
499:
428:
were not yet recognized as bacteria and instead considered viruses. Hence "atypical pneumonia" was also called "non-bacterial".
327:(X-ray photographs) often show a pulmonary infection before physical signs of atypical pneumonia are observable at all. This is
40:
1605:
806:
1112:
368:
It is commonly known as "walking pneumonia" because its symptoms are often mild enough that one can still be up and about.
2329:
2291:
2074:
1829:
1227:
2084:
1880:
846:
477:
270:
Usually occurs in younger age groups and may be associated with neurological and systemic (e.g. rashes) symptoms. See
2397:
2281:
2061:
1561:
1256:
1251:
305:
289:
353:
Mycoplasma is found more often in younger than in older people. Older people are more often infected by
Legionella.
166:(such as high fever, headache, a dry irritating cough followed later by a productive cough with radiographs showing
309:
67:
can cause it. When it develops independently from another disease, it is called primary atypical pneumonia (PAP).
2392:
2382:
2025:
2296:
1762:
1220:
2451:
1870:
331:. In general, occult pneumonia is rather often present in patients with pneumonia and can also be caused by
2477:
2377:
2069:
2020:
1853:
1791:
335:, as the decrease of occult pneumonia after vaccination of children with a pneumococcal vaccine suggests.
2387:
2030:
635:
Gouriet F, Drancourt M, Raoult D (October 2006). "Multiplexed serology in atypical bacterial pneumonia".
2216:
2089:
1714:
1688:
1413:
1314:
585:
1865:
1693:
1678:
1671:
1576:
1537:
1484:
1462:
1420:
1348:
377:
167:
76:
1844:
2322:
1993:
1635:
1551:
1426:
163:
2425:
2119:
1972:
1933:
1848:
1801:
1500:
1343:
383:
338:
250:
236:
190:
170:), there are in general few physical signs. The patient looks better than the symptoms suggest.
121:
117:
1200:
1381:
1353:
389:
264:
2446:
2415:
1998:
1950:
1938:
1752:
1710:
1309:
644:
271:
198:
1610:
788:"Atypical pneumonia may be caused by or feature of (sorted by category) Diseases Database"
8:
2367:
2352:
2266:
2233:
1979:
1928:
1556:
1376:
1243:
1160:
562:
545:
447:. Many of the organisms causative of atypical pneumonia are unusual types of bacteria (
71:
648:
2472:
2315:
2124:
1989:
1777:
1698:
1625:
1495:
1090:
954:
752:
727:
668:
612:
587:
527:
208:
1029:
2246:
1490:
1319:
1280:
1212:
1171:
1082:
989:
946:
911:
821:
757:
743:
703:
660:
617:
519:
515:
222:
35:
1165:
1094:
1010:
958:
2362:
2189:
2182:
2046:
1967:
1806:
1742:
1591:
1078:
1074:
981:
938:
901:
747:
739:
695:
672:
652:
607:
599:
586:
Commission on Acute
Respiratory Diseases, Fort Bragg, North Carolina (April 1944).
531:
511:
481:
328:
324:
101:
686:
Hindiyeh M, Carroll KC (June 2000). "Laboratory diagnosis of atypical pneumonia".
256:
Causes a severe form of pneumonia with a relatively high mortality rate, known as
2420:
2357:
2211:
2163:
2051:
2002:
1923:
1839:
1647:
942:
829:
136:
81:
84:
from those more likely to present with "atypical" generalized symptoms (such as
2149:
1811:
1722:
1642:
1452:
1447:
177:
173:
1176:
985:
906:
889:
2466:
2241:
1955:
1666:
850:
421:
297:
257:
64:
1048:"What is walking pneumonia? How does it differ from more serious pneumonia?"
656:
2178:
2131:
1516:
1468:
1337:
1086:
993:
971:
950:
915:
825:
761:
707:
699:
664:
621:
523:
143:
603:
2276:
2223:
2206:
2201:
2154:
2109:
1960:
1908:
1875:
1747:
1476:
1408:
1371:
1326:
1261:
1195:
215:
44:
1136:
416:
At the time that atypical pneumonia was first described, organisms like
2196:
1796:
1782:
1757:
1732:
1727:
1661:
1532:
1508:
1457:
1331:
1296:
1271:
425:
417:
301:
125:
2338:
2271:
1903:
1772:
1767:
1737:
1288:
567:
550:
452:
293:
243:
152:
Moderate amount of sputum, or no sputum at all (i.e. non-productive).
60:
278:
Atypical pneumonia can also have a fungal, protozoan or viral cause.
2286:
2171:
1571:
1304:
847:"Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) – multi-country outbreak"
406:
394:
342:
132:
93:
89:
1524:
1400:
410:
398:
313:
229:
159:
97:
70:
The term was introduced in the 1930s and was contrasted with the
1621:
1434:
1363:
1148:
890:"Clinical predictors of occult pneumonia in the febrile child"
1442:
888:
Murphy CG, van de Pol AC, Harper MB, Bachur RG (March 2007).
402:
85:
2307:
887:
728:"The atypical pneumonias: clinical diagnosis and importance"
112:
Usually the atypical causes also involve atypical symptoms:
1391:
135:. As the disease progresses, however, the look can tend to
592:
American
Journal of Public Health and the Nation's Health
149:
Extrapulmonary symptoms, related to the causing organism.
777:, 8th edition, Kumar et al., Philadelphia, 2010, p. 714
375:
in that it is caused by atypical organisms (other than
176:
may occur and not be noticed, but will be picked up by
1242:
634:
1064:
365:
because it develops independently of other diseases.
204:
Mild form of pneumonia with relatively mild symptoms.
1126:
341:commonly begins in the perihilar region (where the
928:
288:Known viral causes of atypical pneumonia include
2464:
685:
189:The most common causative organisms are (often
775:Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease
2431:Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia
2323:
1228:
807:"Molecular diagnostics of atypical pneumonia"
1058:
965:
798:
393:). These atypical organisms include special
679:
628:
497:
2330:
2316:
1235:
1221:
443:) and sometimes, though incorrectly, with
116:No response to common antibiotics such as
1835:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
905:
751:
721:
719:
717:
611:
1015:National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
1005:
1003:
725:
493:
491:
478:"Atypical Pneumonia (Walking Pneumonia)"
1859:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
1027:
804:
581:
579:
577:
575:
361:"Primary atypical pneumonia" is called
2465:
869:
867:
714:
435:is current, sometimes contrasted with
2311:
1216:
1000:
488:
107:
572:
2292:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
864:
13:
2409:infectious or noninfectious agents
1881:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
1244:Diseases of the respiratory system
14:
2489:
2398:Severe acute respiratory syndrome
1122:
306:severe acute respiratory syndrome
744:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01393.x
516:10.1097/00007611-194609000-00005
451:is a type of bacteria without a
310:Middle East respiratory syndrome
2393:Ventilator-associated pneumonia
2383:Healthcare-associated pneumonia
1101:
1040:
1021:
922:
881:
839:
780:
348:
2297:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
1079:10.1080/1120009x.2007.11782430
768:
555:
538:
470:
356:
1:
2452:Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome
2337:
1871:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
546:Pneumonia, Atypical Bacterial
463:
2378:Community-acquired pneumonia
1854:Respiratory hypersensitivity
1792:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
1113:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
1108:"Primary atypical pneumonia"
1030:"What Is Walking Pneumonia?"
1028:Association, American Lung.
943:10.1097/PEC.0b013e318191dab2
876:Causes of atypical pneumonia
588:"Primary Atypical Pneumonia"
563:Pneumonia, Typical Bacterial
319:
7:
2388:Hospital-acquired pneumonia
1763:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
498:Walter C, McCoy MD (1946).
290:respiratory syncytial virus
10:
2494:
1616:Acute exacerbation of COPD
440:
2439:
2406:
2345:
2259:
2232:
2162:
2148:
2102:
2060:
2039:
2013:
1916:
1902:
1893:
1822:
1707:
1687:
1570:
1550:
1390:
1270:
1250:
1186:
1130:
986:10.1080/00365540410020127
907:10.1197/j.aem.2006.08.022
805:Tang YW (December 2003).
260:or Legionnaires' disease.
155:Lack of alveolar exudate.
34:
26:
21:
1679:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
1672:Bronchiolitis obliterans
1538:Laryngotracheal stenosis
1485:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
1463:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
1421:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
1349:Nasal septum perforation
931:Pediatric Emergency Care
792:www.diseasesdatabase.com
504:Southern Medical Journal
378:Streptococcus pneumoniae
371:"Atypical pneumonia" is
333:Streptococcus pneumoniae
283:
184:
77:Streptococcus pneumoniae
2440:Noninfectious pneumonia
1427:Retropharyngeal abscess
732:Clin. Microbiol. Infect
657:10.1196/annals.1374.104
431:In literature the term
164:upper respiratory tract
2426:Eosinophilic pneumonia
2120:Pulmonary hypertension
1849:Eosinophilic pneumonia
1501:Vocal cord dysfunction
1344:Nasal septum deviation
700:10.1053/srin.2000.9592
384:Haemophilus influenzae
251:Legionella pneumophila
237:Francisella tularensis
162:and problems with the
2346:Infectious pneumonias
2247:Mediastinal emphysema
2026:Healthcare-associated
1956:Legionnaires' disease
1382:Peritonsillar abscess
1354:Nasal septal hematoma
974:Scand. J. Infect. Dis
726:Cunha BA (May 2006).
604:10.2105/AJPH.34.4.347
390:Moraxella catarrhalis
265:Mycoplasma pneumoniae
2447:Chemical pneumonitis
2416:Aspiration pneumonia
2407:Pneumonias caused by
1994:Mendelson's syndrome
1866:Hamman–Rich syndrome
637:Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci
272:Mycoplasma pneumonia
199:Chlamydia pneumoniae
2478:Atypical pneumonias
2368:Parasitic pneumonia
2353:Bacterial pneumonia
2267:Respiratory failure
2234:Mediastinal disease
1802:Bird fancier's lung
1377:Adenoid hypertrophy
814:Acta Pharmacol. Sin
688:Semin Respir Infect
649:2006NYASA1078..530G
445:bacterial pneumonia
72:bacterial pneumonia
2373:Atypical pneumonia
2172:Pleuritis/pleurisy
2125:Pulmonary embolism
2021:Community-acquired
1946:Atypical bacterial
1845:Löffler's syndrome
1626:Status asthmaticus
1611:Chronic bronchitis
1496:Vocal fold paresis
1310:Vasomotor rhinitis
1187:External resources
1073:(Suppl 1): 17–23.
873:Diseases Database
853:on 7 December 2008
738:(Suppl 3): 12–24.
433:atypical pneumonia
209:Chlamydia psittaci
193:living) bacteria:
108:Signs and symptoms
53:Atypical pneumonia
41:Infectious disease
22:Atypical pneumonia
2460:
2459:
2305:
2304:
2255:
2254:
2212:Empyema/pyothorax
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2098:
2097:
2031:Hospital-acquired
1889:
1888:
1753:Caplan's syndrome
1546:
1545:
1491:Vocal fold nodule
1315:Atrophic rhinitis
1210:
1209:
325:Chest radiographs
223:Coxiella burnetii
59:, is any type of
57:walking pneumonia
50:
49:
30:Walking pneumonia
16:Medical condition
2485:
2363:Fungal pneumonia
2332:
2325:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2190:Pleural effusion
2183:Hemopneumothorax
2160:
2159:
1914:
1913:
1900:
1899:
1743:Bauxite fibrosis
1708:External agents/
1705:
1704:
1636:Exercise-induced
1592:Acute bronchitis
1568:
1567:
1268:
1267:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1128:
1127:
1116:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1017:. 24 March 2022.
1007:
998:
997:
969:
963:
962:
926:
920:
919:
909:
885:
879:
871:
862:
861:
859:
858:
849:. Archived from
843:
837:
836:
834:
828:. Archived from
811:
802:
796:
795:
784:
778:
772:
766:
765:
755:
723:
712:
711:
683:
677:
676:
632:
626:
625:
615:
583:
570:
559:
553:
542:
536:
535:
495:
486:
485:
482:Cleveland Clinic
474:
329:occult pneumonia
158:Despite general
102:bronchopneumonia
55:, also known as
19:
18:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2435:
2421:Lipid pneumonia
2408:
2402:
2358:Viral pneumonia
2341:
2336:
2306:
2301:
2251:
2228:
2164:Pleural disease
2153:
2136:
2094:
2056:
2040:By distribution
2035:
2014:By vector/route
2009:
1907:
1895:
1885:
1840:Pulmonary edema
1818:
1713:
1709:
1696:
1692:
1683:
1648:Cystic fibrosis
1575:
1559:
1555:
1542:
1386:
1260:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1182:
1181:
1139:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1106:
1102:
1063:
1059:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1026:
1022:
1009:
1008:
1001:
970:
966:
927:
923:
886:
882:
872:
865:
856:
854:
845:
844:
840:
832:
820:(12): 1308–13.
809:
803:
799:
786:
785:
781:
773:
769:
724:
715:
684:
680:
633:
629:
584:
573:
560:
556:
543:
539:
496:
489:
476:
475:
471:
466:
437:viral pneumonia
359:
351:
322:
286:
279:
187:
137:lobar pneumonia
110:
82:lobar pneumonia
17:
12:
11:
5:
2491:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2335:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2312:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2150:Pleural cavity
2146:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2005:
1996:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1911:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1812:Lycoperdonosis
1809:
1804:
1799:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1723:Pneumoconiosis
1719:
1717:
1702:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1664:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1643:Bronchiectasis
1640:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1619:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1565:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1453:Laryngeal cyst
1450:
1448:Laryngomalacia
1445:
1440:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1276:
1274:
1265:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1168:
1153:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:Classification
1124:
1123:External links
1121:
1118:
1117:
1100:
1057:
1039:
1020:
999:
964:
921:
894:Acad Emerg Med
880:
863:
838:
835:on 2011-07-08.
797:
779:
767:
713:
678:
627:
571:
554:
537:
510:(9): 696–706.
487:
468:
467:
465:
462:
358:
355:
350:
347:
321:
318:
285:
282:
276:
275:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
233:
226:
219:
212:
205:
202:
186:
183:
182:
181:
178:pulse oximetry
174:Silent hypoxia
171:
156:
153:
150:
147:
140:
129:
109:
106:
65:microorganisms
48:
47:
38:
32:
31:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2490:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2333:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:Other/general
2258:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Mediastinitis
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2133:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1985:noninfectious
1983:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1894:Obstructive /
1892:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1807:Farmer's lung
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1667:Bronchiolitis
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1004:
995:
991:
987:
983:
980:(4): 269–73.
979:
975:
968:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
925:
917:
913:
908:
903:
900:(3): 243–49.
899:
895:
891:
884:
878:
877:
870:
868:
852:
848:
842:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
808:
801:
793:
789:
783:
776:
771:
763:
759:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
722:
720:
718:
709:
705:
701:
697:
694:(2): 101–13.
693:
689:
682:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
643:(1): 530–40.
642:
638:
631:
623:
619:
614:
609:
605:
601:
598:(4): 347–57.
597:
593:
589:
582:
580:
578:
576:
569:
565:
564:
558:
552:
548:
547:
541:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
494:
492:
483:
479:
473:
469:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
422:Chlamydophila
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
385:
380:
379:
374:
369:
366:
364:
354:
346:
344:
340:
336:
334:
330:
326:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:parainfluenza
295:
291:
281:
273:
269:
267:
266:
262:
259:
258:legionellosis
255:
253:
252:
248:
245:
241:
239:
238:
234:
231:
227:
225:
224:
220:
217:
213:
211:
210:
206:
203:
201:
200:
196:
195:
194:
192:
191:intracellular
179:
175:
172:
169:
168:consolidation
165:
161:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:
113:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
78:
73:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
46:
42:
39:
37:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2372:
2179:Pneumothorax
2132:Lung abscess
2114:
1984:
1973:Pneumocystis
1945:
1934:Pneumococcal
1715:lung disease
1711:occupational
1689:Interstitial
1654:
1598:
1584:
1557:lung disease
1523:
1517:Epiglottitis
1507:
1475:
1469:Laryngospasm
1433:
1414:Strep throat
1399:
1362:
1338:nasal septum
1336:
1295:
1279:
1194:
1170:
1155:
1143:
1111:
1103:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1034:www.lung.org
1033:
1023:
1014:
977:
973:
967:
934:
930:
924:
897:
893:
883:
875:
855:. Retrieved
851:the original
841:
830:the original
817:
813:
800:
791:
782:
774:
770:
735:
731:
691:
687:
681:
640:
636:
630:
595:
591:
561:
557:
544:
540:
507:
503:
472:
456:
448:
444:
436:
432:
430:
415:
388:
382:
376:
372:
370:
367:
362:
360:
352:
349:Epidemiology
339:Infiltration
337:
332:
323:
312:(MERS), and
287:
277:
263:
249:
235:
221:
207:
197:
188:
144:leukocytosis
122:beta-lactams
111:
75:
69:
56:
52:
51:
2277:Common cold
2224:Fibrothorax
2207:Chylothorax
2202:Hydrothorax
2155:mediastinum
2115:circulatory
2110:Atelectasis
1917:By pathogen
1909:pneumonitis
1896:Restrictive
1876:Sarcoidosis
1748:Berylliosis
1694:restrictive
1655:unspecified
1577:obstructive
1560:(including
1477:vocal cords
1409:Pharyngitis
1372:Tonsillitis
1327:Nasal polyp
1262:common cold
1255:(including
1196:MedlinePlus
1067:J Chemother
1052:Mayo Clinic
1011:"Pneumonia"
357:Terminology
216:psittacosis
142:Absence of
118:sulfonamide
45:pulmonology
27:Other names
2467:Categories
2197:Hemothorax
1999:Aspiration
1961:Chlamydiae
1951:Mycoplasma
1939:Klebsiella
1797:Bagassosis
1783:Byssinosis
1758:Chalicosis
1733:Asbestosis
1728:Aluminosis
1662:Bronchitis
1533:Tracheitis
1509:epiglottis
1458:Laryngitis
1332:Rhinorrhea
1172:DiseasesDB
937:(1): 1–7.
857:2008-12-21
464:References
457:Chlamydias
449:Mycoplasma
426:Legionella
418:Mycoplasma
302:adenovirus
126:penicillin
74:caused by
2473:Pneumonia
2339:Pneumonia
2272:Influenza
2217:Malignant
1980:Parasitic
1929:Bacterial
1904:Pneumonia
1773:Silicosis
1768:Siderosis
1738:Baritosis
1572:Bronchial
1320:Hay fever
1289:Sinusitis
568:eMedicine
551:eMedicine
453:cell wall
320:Diagnosis
296:A and B,
294:influenza
244:tularemia
61:pneumonia
36:Specialty
2287:COVID-19
2080:BOOP-COP
2047:Broncho-
1990:Chemical
1778:Talcosis
1699:fibrosis
1552:Lower RT
1305:Rhinitis
1252:Upper RT
1095:37758739
1087:18073166
994:15198183
959:10894988
951:19116501
916:17242382
826:14653964
762:16669925
708:10983928
665:17114771
622:18015969
524:20995425
407:protozoa
395:bacteria
373:atypical
343:bronchus
308:(SARS),
160:symptoms
94:sweating
90:headache
1599:chronic
1525:trachea
1401:pharynx
1281:sinuses
1152:: J18.9
753:7128183
673:8918777
645:Bibcode
613:1625001
532:5232855
411:exudate
399:viruses
363:primary
314:measles
292:(RSV),
242:Causes
230:Q fever
228:Causes
214:Causes
98:myalgia
1968:Fungal
1622:Asthma
1435:larynx
1364:tonsil
1201:000079
1093:
1085:
992:
957:
949:
914:
824:
760:
750:
706:
671:
663:
620:
610:
530:
522:
424:, and
405:, and
387:, and
100:) and
2103:Other
2052:Lobar
2003:Lipid
1924:Viral
1823:Other
1585:acute
1562:LRTIs
1487:(LPR)
1465:(LPR)
1443:Croup
1423:(LPR)
1257:URTIs
1091:S2CID
955:S2CID
833:(PDF)
810:(PDF)
669:S2CID
528:S2CID
441:below
439:(see
403:fungi
284:Viral
185:Cause
124:like
86:fever
2282:SARS
2085:NSIP
1830:ARDS
1631:AERD
1606:COPD
1392:Neck
1297:nose
1272:Head
1177:1132
1161:9-CM
1083:PMID
990:PMID
947:PMID
912:PMID
822:PMID
758:PMID
704:PMID
661:PMID
641:1078
618:PMID
520:PMID
455:and
133:lobe
120:and
96:and
2075:DIP
2070:UIP
2062:IIP
1166:483
1157:ICD
1145:ICD
1110:at
1075:doi
982:doi
939:doi
902:doi
748:PMC
740:doi
696:doi
653:doi
608:PMC
600:doi
566:at
549:at
512:doi
2469::
2090:RB
1199::
1175::
1164::
1149:10
1089:.
1081:.
1071:19
1069:.
1050:.
1032:.
1013:.
1002:^
988:.
978:36
976:.
953:.
945:.
935:25
933:.
910:.
898:14
896:.
892:.
866:^
818:24
816:.
812:.
790:.
756:.
746:.
736:12
734:.
730:.
716:^
702:.
692:15
690:.
667:.
659:.
651:.
639:.
616:.
606:.
596:34
594:.
590:.
574:^
526:.
518:.
508:39
506:.
502:.
490:^
480:.
420:,
413:.
401:,
397:,
381:,
316:.
304:,
300:,
104:.
92:,
88:,
43:,
2331:e
2324:t
2317:v
2181:/
2152:/
2001:/
1992:/
1906:/
1847:/
1701:)
1697:(
1691:/
1624:(
1618:)
1574:/
1564:)
1554:/
1264:)
1259:,
1236:e
1229:t
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1159:-
1147:-
1137:D
1097:.
1077::
1054:.
1036:.
996:.
984::
961:.
941::
918:.
904::
860:.
794:.
764:.
742::
710:.
698::
675:.
655::
647::
624:.
602::
534:.
514::
484:.
274:.
246:.
232:.
218:.
180:.
146:.
139:.
128:.
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