688:(US$ 9.6 million annually) and over four times as much as the B-52H (US$ 6.8 million annually). In September 1997, each hour of B-2 flight necessitated 119 hours of maintenance. Comparable maintenance needs for the B-52 and the B-1B are 53 and 60 hours, respectively, for each hour of flight. A key reason for this cost is the provision of air-conditioned hangars large enough for the bomber's 172 ft (52 m) wingspan, which are needed to maintain the aircraft's stealth properties, particularly its "low-observable" stealth skins. Maintenance costs are about $ 3.4 million per month for each aircraft. An August 1995 GAO report disclosed that the B-2 had trouble operating in heavy rain, as rain could damage the aircraft's stealth coating, causing procurement delays until an adequate protective coating could be found. In addition, the B-2's terrain-following/terrain-avoidance radar had difficulty distinguishing rain from other obstacles, rendering the subsystem inoperable during rain. However a subsequent report in October 1996 noted that the USAF had made some progress in resolving the issues with the radar via software fixes and hoped to have these fixes undergoing tests by the spring of 1997.
1311:(RCS) of about 0.1 m (1.1 sq ft). The bomber does not always fly stealthily; when nearing air defenses pilots "stealth up" the B-2, a maneuver whose details are secret. The aircraft is stealthy, except briefly when the bomb bay opens. The flying wing design most closely resembles a so-called infinite flat plate (as vertical control surfaces dramatically increase RCS), the perfect stealth shape, as it would lack angles to reflect back radar waves (initially, the shape of the Northrop ATB concept was flatter; it gradually increased in volume according to specific military requirements). Without vertical surfaces to reflect radar laterally, side aspect radar cross section is also reduced. Radars operating at a lower frequency band (S or L band) are able to detect and track certain stealth aircraft that have multiple control surfaces, like canards or vertical stabilizers, where the frequency wavelength can exceed a certain threshold and cause a resonant effect.
1191:
2043:
Force officials lifted the grounding without disclosing any details about what caused the incident, or what steps had been taken return the aircraft to operation. In May 2024, the Air Force announced the B-2 would be divested, as it had been deemed to be "uneconomical to repair." Although no cost estimate was provided, the decision was likely influenced by the coming introduction of the B-21 bomber; after the B-2 crash in 2010, it took almost four years and over $ 100 million to return the aircraft to service because not losing one of the few penetrating bombers in the inventory was considered necessary to justify the effort. However, the impending arrival of the B-21 and coming retirement of the B-2 sometime after 2029 likely made USAF leaders decide it wouldn't be worth the expense to repair it, only for it to soon be retired.
2109:
488:
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increase our survivability. And for the B-2 specifically, the expansion of some of our strike capabilities allow us to increase our survivability beyond the fighter escort realm. Now the B-2 fleet is continuing to do that technological advancement, and that's enabled us to expand our strike capabilities, as well. Although we've been around for over 30 years there's a lot of life left in this platform and up until the B-21 as well on the scene and doing its job, this aircraft will continue to be at the forefront of our country and our nation's defense... and with these, and continued innovative upgrades, and weapons system capabilities we will continue to do that until the last jet flies off the ramp into retirement.
576:
49:
2101:
587:; all program personnel needed a secret clearance. Still, it was less closely held than the Lockheed F-117 program; more people in the federal government knew about the B-2, and more information about the project was available. Both during development and in service, considerable effort has been devoted to maintaining the security of the B-2's design and technologies. Staff working on the B-2 in most, if not all, capacities need a level of special-access clearance and undergo extensive background checks carried out by a special branch of the USAF.
1643:
999:
1121:
1295:-inhibiting chemical, but this was replaced in production aircraft by a contrail sensor that alerts the crew when they should change altitude. The B-2 is vulnerable to visual interception at ranges of 20 nmi (23 mi; 37 km) or less. The B-2 is stored in a $ 5 million specialised air-conditioned hangar to maintain its stealth coating. Every seven years, this coating is carefully washed away with crystallised wheat starch so that the B-2's surfaces can be inspected for any dents or scratches.
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1518:
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process early on; thrust not only affects drag and lift but pitching and rolling motions as well. Four pairs of control surfaces are located along the wing's trailing edge; while most surfaces are used throughout the aircraft's flight envelope, the inner elevons are normally only in use at slow speeds, such as landing. To avoid potential contact damage during takeoff and to provide a nose-down pitching attitude, all of the elevons remain drooped during takeoff until a high enough airspeed has been attained.
1731:
2348:
912:
1315:
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764:(CBO) and its Director of National Security Analysis found that additional B-2s would reduce the cost of expended munitions by less than US$ 2 billion in 1995 dollars during the first two weeks of a conflict, in which the USAF predicted bombers would make their greatest contribution; this was a small fraction of the US$ 26.8 billion (in 1995 dollars) life cycle cost that the CBO projected for an additional 20 B-2s.
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811:
1970:
2329:
1363:
2052:
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1342:) in the early 1970s, technology only allowed for the simulation of radar reflections on simple, flat surfaces; computing advances in the 1980s made it possible to simulate radar returns on more complex curved surfaces. The B-2 is composed of many curved and rounded surfaces across its exposed airframe to deflect radar beams. This technique, known as
3427:
779:(D-CA), a long-time opponent of the bomber, cited five independent studies and offered an amendment to that year's defense authorization bill to cap production of the bombers to the existing 21 aircraft; the amendment was narrowly defeated. Nonetheless, Congress did not approve funding for additional B-2s.
2039:
less tension than specified. The "microcracking" reduced hydraulic support to the landing gear. These problems allowed the landing gear to fold upon landing. The accident resulted in a minimum of $ 10.1 million in repair damages, but the final repair cost was still being determined in March 2022.
728:
The escalating cost of the B-2 program and evidence of flaws in the aircraft's ability to elude detection by radar were among factors that drove opposition to continue the program. At the peak production period specified in 1989, the schedule called for spending US$ 7 billion to $ 8 billion
695:
The total program cost projected through 2004 was US$ 44.75 billion in 1997 dollars (equivalent to US$ 79 billion in 2021). This includes development, procurement, facilities, construction, and spare parts. The total program cost averaged US$ 2.13 billion per aircraft. The B-2 may cost
886:
is fielded. In 2014, the USAF outlined a series of upgrades including nuclear warfighting, a new integrated processing unit, the ability to carry cruise missiles, and threat warning improvements. Due to ongoing software challenges, DMS-M was canceled by 2020, and the existing work was repurposed for
1483:
material (AHFM) and automated material application methods were also incorporated to improve the aircraft's radar-absorbent properties and reduce maintenance requirements. In early 2004, Northrop
Grumman began applying a newly developed AHFM to operational B-2s. To protect the operational integrity
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and a high frequency satellite link have been installed, compatibility with various new munitions has been undertaken, and the AN/APQ-181 radar's operational frequency was shifted to avoid interference with other operators' equipment. The arrays of the upgraded radar features were entirely replaced
1006:
In the envisaged Cold War scenario, the B-2 was to perform deep-penetrating nuclear strike missions, making use of its stealthy capabilities to avoid detection and interception throughout the missions. There are two internal bomb bays in which munitions are stored either on a rotary launcher or two
264:
in part because the ATB showed such promise. But development difficulties delayed progress and drove up costs. Ultimately, the program produced 21 B-2s at an average cost of $ 2.13 billion (~$ 4.04 billion in 2023), including development, engineering, testing, production, and procurement.
1706:
On 28 March 2013, two B-2s flew a round trip of 13,000 miles (21,000 km) from
Whiteman Air Force base in Missouri to South Korea, dropping dummy ordnance on the Jik Do target range. The mission, part of the annual South Korean–U.S. military exercises, was the first time that B-2s overflew the
1227:
Northrop had investigated several means of applying directional control that would infringe on the aircraft's radar profile as little as possible, eventually settling on a combination of split brake-rudders and differential thrust. Engine thrust became a key element of the B-2's aerodynamic design
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For safety and fault-detection purposes, an on-board test system is linked with the majority of avionics on the B-2 to continuously monitor the performance and status of thousands of components and consumables; it also provides post-mission servicing instructions for ground crews. In 2008, many of
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Approximately 80 pilots fly the B-2. Each aircraft has a crew of two, a pilot in the left seat and mission commander in the right, and has provisions for a third crew member if needed. For comparison, the B-1B has a crew of four and the B-52 has a crew of five. The B-2 is highly automated, and one
2038:
into the grass and came to rest on its left side. The cause was later determined to be faulty landing gear springs and "microcracking" in hydraulic connections on the aircraft. The lock link springs in the left landing gear had likely not been replaced in at least a decade, and produced about 11%
936:
aircraft, meaning that it has no fuselage or tail. It has significant advantages over previous bombers due to its blend of low-observable technologies with high aerodynamic efficiency and a large payload. Low observability provides greater freedom of action at high altitudes, thus increasing both
890:
In 1998, a
Congressional panel advised the USAF to refocus resources away from continued B-2 production and instead begin development of a new bomber, either a new build or a variant of the B-2. In its 1999 bomber roadmap the USAF eschewed the panel's recommendations, believing its current bomber
2042:
On 10 December 2022, an in-flight malfunction aboard a B-2 forced an emergency landing at
Whiteman AFB. No personnel, including the flight crew, sustained injuries during the incident; there was a post-crash fire that was quickly put out. Subsequently, all B-2s were grounded. On 18 May 2023, Air
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B-2s are supported by portable, environmentally-controlled hangars called B-2 Shelter
Systems (B2SS). The hangars are built by American Spaceframe Fabricators Inc. and cost approximately US$ 5 million apiece. The need for specialized hangars arose in 1998 when it was found that B-2s passing
1116:
cruise missile) and a
Defensive Management System (DMS) to inform the flight crew of possible threats. The onboard DMS is capable of automatically assessing the detection capabilities of identified threats and indicated targets. The DMS will be upgraded by 2021 to detect radar emissions from air
1605:
The B-2's combat use preceded a USAF declaration of "full operational capability" in
December 2003. The Pentagon's Operational Test and Evaluation 2003 Annual Report noted that the B-2's serviceability for Fiscal Year 2003 was still inadequate, mainly due to the maintainability of the B-2's low
894:
Although the USAF previously planned to operate the B-2 until 2058, the FY 2019 budget moved up its retirement to "no later than 2032". It also moved the retirement of the B-1 to 2036 while extending the B-52's service life into the 2050s, because the B-52 has lower maintenance costs, versatile
691:
The total "military construction" cost related to the program was projected to be US$ 553.6 million in 1997 dollars. The cost to procure each B-2 was US$ 737 million in 1997 dollars (equivalent to US$ 1.3 billion in 2021), based only on a fleet cost of US$ 15.48 billion. The
854:
without getting into specifics, and without getting into things that we frankly just don't discuss in open channels, I will tell you that our current bomber fleet, and this is all of them, we use some pretty innovative ways to integrate modern weapons capabilities to have us both maintain and
704:
In its consideration of the fiscal year 1990 defense budget, the House Armed
Services Committee trimmed $ 800 million from the B-2 research and development budget, while at the same time staving off a motion to end the project. Opposition in committee and in Congress was mostly broad and
1633:
in the United
Kingdom, where new climate controlled hangars have been constructed. B-2s have conducted 27 sorties from Whiteman AFB and 22 sorties from a forward operating location, releasing more than 1,500,000 pounds (680,000 kg) of munitions, including 583 JDAM "smart bombs" in 2003.
2015:
valued at US$ 1.4 billion. After the accident, the USAF took the B-2 fleet off operational status for 53 days, returning on 15 April 2008. The cause of the crash was later determined to be moisture in the aircraft's Port
Transducer Units during air data calibration, which distorted the
534:
The Northrop team's ATB design was selected over the Lockheed/Rockwell design on 20 October 1981. The Northrop design received the designation B-2 and the name "Spirit". The bomber's design was changed in the mid-1980s when the mission profile was changed from high-altitude to low-altitude,
370:
signals so that little was reflected back to the radar unit. An aircraft having radar stealth characteristics would be able to fly nearly undetected and could be attacked only by weapons and systems not relying on radar. Although other detection measures existed, such as human observation,
845:
announced that a $ 2 billion, 10-year-long modernization of the B-2 fleet was to begin. The main area of improvement would be replacement of outdated avionics and equipment. Continued modernization efforts likely have continued in secret, as alluded to by a B-2 commander from
756:, strongly recommended against Congressional action to fund the purchase of any additional B-2s, arguing that to do so would require unacceptable cuts in existing conventional and nuclear-capable aircraft, and that the military had greater priorities in spending a limited budget.
1214:
flight control system that can automatically manipulate flight surfaces and settings without direct pilot inputs to maintain aircraft stability. The flight computer receives information on external conditions such as the aircraft's current air speed and angle of attack via
2016:
information being sent to the bomber's air data system. As a result, the flight control computers calculated an inaccurate airspeed, and a negative angle of attack, causing the aircraft to pitch upward 30 degrees during takeoff. This was the first crash and loss of a B-2.
623:
editors found that there were no airspace restrictions above the presentation area and took aerial photographs of the aircraft's secret rear section with suppressed engine exhausts. The B-2's (s/n 82-1066 / AV-1) first public flight was on 17 July 1989 from Palmdale to
870:
In 2013, the USAF contracted for the Defensive Management System Modernization (DMS-M) program to replace the antenna system and other electronics to increase the B-2's frequency awareness. The Common Very Low Frequency Receiver upgrade allows the B-2s to use the same
301:
The B-2 can perform attack missions at altitudes of up to 50,000 feet (15,000 m); it has an unrefueled range of more than 6,000 nautical miles (6,900 mi; 11,000 km) and can fly more than 10,000 nautical miles (12,000 mi; 19,000 km) with one
759:
Some B-2 advocates argued that procuring twenty additional aircraft would save money because B-2s would be able to deeply penetrate anti-aircraft defenses and use low-cost, short-range attack weapons rather than expensive standoff weapons. However, in 1995, the
1022:
In light of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it was decided to equip the B-2 for conventional precision attacks as well as for the strategic role of nuclear-strike. The B-2 features a sophisticated GPS-Aided Targeting System (GATS) that uses the aircraft's
899:(which the B-1 is treaty-prohibited from doing). The decision to retire the B-2 early was made because the small fleet of 20 is considered too expensive per plane to retain, with its position as a stealth bomber being taken over with the introduction of the
683:
The program was the subject of public controversy for its cost to American taxpayers. In 1996, the GAO disclosed that the USAF's B-2 bombers "will be, by far, the costliest bombers to operate on a per aircraft basis", costing over three times as much as the
1677:. Three B-2s dropped 40 bombs on a Libyan airfield in support of the UN no-fly zone. The B-2s flew directly from the U.S. mainland across the Atlantic Ocean to Libya; a B-2 was refueled by allied tanker aircraft four times during each round trip mission.
1602:. With aerial refueling support, the B-2 flew one of its longest missions to date from Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri to Afghanistan and back. B-2s would be stationed in the Middle East as a part of a US military buildup in the region from 2003.
1569:
from their home base in Missouri and back, totaling 30 hours. Although the bombers accounted 50 sorties out of a total of 34,000 NATO sorties, they dropped 11 percent of all bombs. The B-2 was the first aircraft to deploy GPS satellite-guided
414:. A key improvement was the introduction of computer models used to predict the radar reflections from flat surfaces where collected data drove the design of a "faceted" aircraft. Development of the first such designs started in 1975 with the
1223:
which would impair the aircraft's stealth capabilities. The flight actuation system incorporates both hydraulic and electrical servoactuated components, and it was designed with a high level of redundancy and fault-diagnostic capabilities.
744:(D-MA), who cast votes against the B-2 in 1989, 1991, and 1992. By 1992, Bush had called for the cancellation of the B-2 and promised to cut military spending by 30% in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union. In October 1995, former
1092:
To make the B-2 more effective than previous bombers, many advanced and modern avionics systems were integrated into its design; these have been modified and improved following a switch to conventional warfare missions. One system is the
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bomb-racks; the carriage of the weapons loadouts internally results in less radar visibility than external mounting of munitions. The B-2 is capable of carrying 40,000 lb (18,000 kg) of ordnance. Nuclear ordnance includes the
5811:
1160:
In addition to periodic software upgrades and the introduction of new radar-absorbent materials across the fleet, the B-2 has had several major upgrades to its avionics and combat systems. For battlefield communications, both
1268:) to evade the various detection systems that could be used to detect and be used to direct attacks against an aircraft. The B-2's stealth enables the reduction of supporting aircraft that are required to provide air cover,
1484:
of its sophisticated radar absorbent material and coatings, each B-2 is kept inside a climate-controlled hangar (Extra Large Deployable Aircraft Hangar System) large enough to accommodate its 172-foot (52 m) wingspan.
427:
started the Experimental Survivability Testbed project. Northrop and Lockheed were awarded contracts in the first round of testing. Lockheed received the sole award for the second test round in April 1976 leading to the
965:
were both flying wing bombers that had been canceled in development in the early 1950s, allegedly for political reasons. The resemblance goes as far as B-2 and YB-49 having the same wingspan. The YB-49 also had a small
2077:. The test article passed all structural testing requirements before the airframe failed. The museum's restoration team spent over a year reassembling the fractured airframe. The display airframe is marked to resemble
3568:
1702:
bomb was rejected due to potential damage to nearby civilian buildings. There were also concerns an airstrike would make it difficult to positively identify Bin Laden's remains, making it hard to confirm his death.
5114:
1546:, where the fleet is based, on 17 December 1993. The B-2 reached initial operational capability (IOC) on 1 January 1997. Depot maintenance for the B-2 is accomplished by USAF contractor support and managed at
4964:
6722:
6629:
1287:. The undersides are dark because it flies at high altitudes (50,000 ft (15,000 m)), and at that altitude a dark grey painting blends well into the sky. It is speculated to have an upward-facing
956:
technologies due to its complex flight characteristics and design requirements to maintain very low visibility to multiple means of detection. The B-2 bears a resemblance to earlier Northrop aircraft; the
675:
test model, to Block 30 fully operational status at a cost of nearly $ 500 million (~$ 897 million in 2023). In 1995, Northrop made a proposal to the USAF to build 20 additional aircraft with a
1457:, even a very flat plate would still reflect radar waves, though much less than when a signal is bouncing at a right angle. Additional reduction in its radar signature was achieved by the use of various
5921:
1707:
Korean Peninsula. Tensions between the Koreas were high; North Korea protested against the B-2's participation and made threats of retaliatory nuclear strikes against South Korea and the United States.
452:, and Battlefield Surveillance Aircraft Experimental. The stealth technology developed from the program was later incorporated into other operational aircraft designs, including the B-2 stealth bomber.
297:
dramatically reduced the desire for a stealth aircraft designed to strike deep in Soviet territory. Consequently, in the late 1980s and 1990s lawmakers shrank the planned purchase of 132 bombers to 21.
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It was reported in 2011 that The Pentagon was evaluating an unmanned stealth bomber, characterized as a "mini-B-2", as a potential replacement in the near future. In 2012, USAF Chief of Staff General
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6232:
6254:
1722:
unmanned aerial vehicle firing Hellfire missiles. Each B-2 flew a 33-hour, round-trip mission from Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri with four or five (accounts differ) refuelings during the trip.
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the 136 standalone distributed computers on board the B-2, including the primary flight management computer, were being replaced by a single integrated system. The avionics are controlled by 13
6876:
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terrain-following. The redesign delayed the B-2's first flight by two years and added about US$ 1 billion to the program's cost. An estimated US$ 23 billion was secretly spent for
5808:
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4022:
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1248:", characteristics enable the undetected penetration of sophisticated anti-aircraft defenses and to attack even heavily defended targets. This stealth comes from a combination of reduced
4425:
725:(R-AZ) also opposing the project. Dellums and Kasich, in particular, worked together from 1989 through the early 1990s to limit production to 21 aircraft and were ultimately successful.
464:
became aware of these developments during 1977, and it appears to have been one of the major reasons the B-1 was canceled. Further studies were ordered in early 1978, by which point the
4147:
818:
On 29 December 2008, USAF officials awarded a US$ 468 million contract to Northrop Grumman to modernize the B-2 fleet's radars. Changing the radar's frequency was required as the
7796:
6380:
2963:
6749:
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in Iraq have launched from Whiteman AFB. As of September 2013 the longest combat mission has been 44.3 hours. "Forward operating locations" have been previously designated as
643:, a design engineer who worked on the B-2's propulsion system, was arrested for selling classified information to China. Gowadia was convicted and sentenced to 32 years in prison.
6349:
4170:
1117:
defenses to allow changes to the auto-router's mission planning information while in-flight so it can receive new data quickly to plan a route that minimizes exposure to dangers.
6010:
4684:
3451:"Unraveling Stealth's 'Black World';Questions of Cost and Mission Arise Amid Debate Over Secrecy Series: Project Senior C.J.; The Story Behind The B-2 Bomber Series Number: 2/3."
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2023:. The aircraft was severely damaged by fire while on the ground and underwent 18 months of repairs to enable it to fly back to the mainland U.S. for more comprehensive repairs.
3606:
5979:
5232:
787:
Several upgrade packages have been applied to the B-2. In July 2008, the B-2's onboard computing architecture was extensively redesigned; it now incorporates a new integrated
822:
had sold that radio spectrum to another operator. In July 2009, it was reported that the B-2 had successfully passed a major USAF audit. In 2010, it was made public that the
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artwork, which was painted and signed by the technicians who performed the temperature testing. The restored test aircraft is on display in the museum's "Cold War Gallery".
6034:
3161:
5945:
3207:
5111:
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410:, which included several stealthy features, notably its canted vertical stabilizers, the use of composite materials in key locations, and the overall surface finish in
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did not have the climate-controlled environment maintenance operations required. In 2003, the B2SS program was managed by the Combat Support System Program Office at
4961:
4857:
6990:
5847:
4121:
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1042:(JDAM). In the B-2's original configuration, up to 16 GAMs or JDAMs could be deployed; An upgrade program in 2004 raised the maximum carrier capacity to 80 JDAMs.
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6625:
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fleet could be maintained until the 2030s. The service believed that development could begin in 2013, in time to replace aging B-2s, B-1s and B-52s around 2037.
5508:
4631:
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procurement cost per aircraft, as detailed in GAO reports, which include spare parts and software support, was $ 929 million per aircraft in 1997 dollars.
4331:
2263:
2 internal bays for ordnance and payload with an official limit of 40,000 lb (18,000 kg); maximum estimated limit is 50,000 lb (23,000 kg)
6412:
6273:
5292:
4660:
3371:
1073:; up to two MOPs could be equipped in the B-2's bomb bays with one per bay, the B-2 is the only platform compatible with the MOP as of 2012. As of 2011, the
379:, their relatively short detection range or poorly developed technology allowed most aircraft to fly undetected, or at least untracked, especially at night.
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1417:
in the infrared spectrum) being released and thus a reduced heat signature. The resulting cooler air is conducted over a surface composed of heat resistant
826:
had developed a new material to be used on the part of the wing trailing edge subject to engine exhaust, replacing existing material that quickly degraded.
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In response to organizational issues and high-profile mistakes made within the USAF, all of the B-2s, along with the nuclear-capable B-52s and the USAF's
6577:
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B-2 test article (s/n AT-1000), the second of two built without engines or instruments and used for static testing, was placed on display in 2004 at the
3006:
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systems (IRSTs) can be deployed against stealth aircraft, because any aircraft surface heats up due to air friction and with a two channel IRST is a CO
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was repaired and returned to service in December 2013. At the time of the accident, the USAF had no training to deal with tailpipe fires on the B-2s.
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despite overall budget cuts. In 2012 projections, it was estimated that the Next-Generation Bomber would have an overall cost of $ 55 billion.
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6305:"United States Air Force / Abbreviated Aircraft Accident Investigation / B-2A, T/N 89-0129 / Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri / 14 September 2021"
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Maximum takeoff weight is classified; listed figure is based on statement from manufacturer that aircraft's payload capacity is at least 40,000 lb.
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produced a sketch of the aircraft that bore considerable similarities to the final design. The USAF originally planned to procure 165 ATB bombers.
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594:, was acquired and heavily rebuilt; the plant's employees were sworn to secrecy. To avoid suspicion, components were typically purchased through
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No operational B-2s have been retired by the Air Force to be put on display. B-2s have made occasional appearances on ground display at various
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stated the B-2's 1980s-era stealth technologies would make it less survivable in future contested airspaces, so the USAF is to proceed with the
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3694:. No. GAO/NSIAD-95-164. General Accounting Office Washington, DC. National Security and International Affairs Division. August 1995, pp. 16, 20
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1554:. Originally designed to deliver nuclear weapons, modern usage has shifted towards a flexible role with conventional and nuclear capability.
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6998:, Dayton, Ohio: Air Force Center for Systems Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, archived from
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1065:. In July 2009, Northrop Grumman reported the B-2 was compatible with the equipment necessary to deploy the 30,000 lb (14,000 kg)
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The B-2 Spirit was developed to take over the USAF's vital penetration missions, allowing it to travel deep into enemy territory to deploy
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which alerts the pilot to increase or reduce altitude to match the changing illuminance of the sky. The original design had tanks for a
11115:
10042:
8559:
6002:
5203:
4694:
4591:
4513:
4076:
7465:
Note: Northrop company designations include a wide variety of technologies. Only aircraft, aero engines, and missiles are linked here.
3845:
10362:
3599:
3549:
1984:
1974:
1964:
338:
7353:
6182:
5975:
5754:
5224:
829:
In July 2010, political analyst Rebecca Grant speculated that when the B-2 becomes unable to reliably penetrate enemy defenses, the
491:
The B-2's first public display in 1988 at Palmdale, California: in front of the B-2 is a star shape formed with five B-2 silhouettes
5068:
2011:, Missouri, and had logged 5,176 flight hours. The two-person crew ejected safely from the aircraft. The aircraft was destroyed, a
1654:
air show in 2018. This view depicts the body's two dimensional and seamless design, a distinct feature for evading radar detection.
469:
6603:
2019:
In February 2010, a serious incident involving a B-2 occurred at Andersen Air Force Base in Guam. The aircraft involved was AV-11
1307:
configuration not only provides exceptional range but is also beneficial to reducing its radar profile. Reportedly, the B-2 has a
10890:
6158:
4256:
3953:
3316:
3153:
671:, though originally committed to ending production of the bombers at 20 aircraft, authorized the conversion of a 21st bomber, a
617:, where it was assembled. This viewing was heavily restricted, and guests were not allowed to see the rear of the B-2. However,
5942:
4102:
772:
460:
By 1976, these programs had progressed to a position in which a long-range strategic stealth bomber appeared viable. President
5870:
4878:
3204:
1578:, which had been harshly criticized due to it causing indiscriminate civilian casualties in prior conflicts, such as the 1991
358:
By the mid-1970s, military aircraft designers had learned of a new method to avoid missiles and interceptors, known today as "
12203:
7265:
7247:
7218:
7200:
7168:
7150:
7132:
7114:
7094:
7072:
7037:
7019:
6965:
6947:
6912:
6894:
6841:
6823:
5776:
5411:
5172:
5003:
4919:
4359:
4189:
2374:
540:
5440:
4538:
4489:
310:
attack aircraft. Primarily designed as a nuclear bomber, the B-2 was first used in combat to drop conventional, non-nuclear
6849:
Crickmore, Paul and Alison J. Crickmore, "Nighthawk F-117 Stealth Fighter". North Branch, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2003.
6665:
6091:
5795:
5700:
5659:
5633:
4041:
3788:
2634:
819:
733:(D-WI) said "won't fly financially". In 1990, the Department of Defense accused Northrop of using faulty components in the
6547:
4854:
3450:
2674:
14 November 1995 – Suffered damage to the wing following a landing gear collapse in September 2021. Undergoing repairs at
1574:
in combat use in Kosovo. The use of JDAMs and precision-guided munitions effectively replaced the controversial tactic of
850:
in April 2021, possibly indicating offensive weapons capability against threatening air defenses and aircraft. He stated:
476:
repeatedly stated that Carter was weak on defense and used the B-1 as a prime example. In response, on 22 August 1980 the
12198:
11164:
9786:
9498:
9408:
9363:
6999:
5844:
5552:
4803:
3399:
2108:
1606:
observable coatings. The evaluation also noted that the Defensive Avionics suite had shortcomings with "pop-up threats".
1502:
1167:
737:; it was also found that redesign work was required to reduce the risk of damage to engine fan blades by bird ingestion.
619:
481:
6135:
5470:
4118:
3087:
3038:
527:
flying wing aircraft. The Northrop design was larger while the Lockheed design included a small tail. In 1979, designer
12173:
10377:
5890:
4339:
1659:
1599:
1547:
807:. Updates were also made to the weapon control systems to enable strikes upon moving targets, such as ground vehicles.
323:
7240:
The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts, Volume 1
6804:
4838:
978:, use a toilet, or prepare a hot meal while the other monitors the aircraft, unlike most two-seat aircraft. Extensive
11252:
11214:
10170:
10165:
10060:
10047:
7336:
7322:
7307:
7289:
6982:
6929:
6869:
6854:
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4643:
3497:
1832:
1269:
830:
548:
4328:
10225:
10056:
10032:
2675:
1382:(4.3 μm absorption maxima) detection possible, through difference comparing between the low and high channel.
1109:
1054:
610:
603:
6881:
Farnborough, Hants, UK: Royal Aircraft Establishment, September 1957 National Archive Catalogue file, AVIA 6/20895
6402:
6373:"A B-2 stealth bomber's emergency landing sparked a fire and damaged the plane, but the crew walked away unharmed"
5281:
4657:
2081:(S/N 82-1070), the B-2 used to test the design's ability to withstand extreme heat and cold. The exhibit features
12075:
11331:
11062:
8471:
8194:
8026:
7395:
3739:
2113:
1760:
1663:
1418:
652:
1525:, which extends its range past 6,000 nautical miles (6,900 mi; 11,000 km) for intercontinental sorties
11159:
11108:
10393:
10250:
10075:
8552:
7231:
4561:
4287:
2217:
630 mph (1,010 km/h, 550 kn) at 40,000 ft (12,000 m) altitude / Mach 0.95 at sea level
1801:
1240:
The B-2's engines are buried within its wing to conceal the engines' fans and minimize their exhaust signature.
734:
651:
A procurement of 132 aircraft was planned in the mid-1980s but was later reduced to 75. By the early 1990s the
6573:
2889:
1080:
is an upcoming standoff munition to be deployed on the B-2 and other platforms. This is to be followed by the
11387:
11377:
11311:
10957:
10401:
10370:
10320:
10051:
7349:
5581:
3133:
2996:
2117:
1454:
823:
6435:
5831:
5549:"First F-22 large-scale, air combat exercise wins praise and triggers surprise" (online title), "Away Game".
3528:
11372:
11293:
11078:
10786:
10781:
10771:
10687:
10397:
10280:
10260:
10100:
9817:
2884:
2862:
2285:
2271:
1715:
1571:
1347:
1170:(AESA) radar. Due to the B-2's composite structure, it is required to stay 40 miles (64 km) away from
1094:
1039:
953:
900:
883:
411:
342:
236:
3995:
986:
research was conducted to improve crew performance on long sorties. Advanced training is conducted at the
740:
In time, several prominent members of Congress began to oppose the program's expansion, including Senator
11777:
11748:
11683:
11247:
11013:
10806:
10734:
10729:
10702:
10682:
10647:
10275:
9776:
9076:
8426:
8150:
7478:
1719:
1066:
761:
306:. It entered service in 1997 as the second aircraft designed with advanced stealth technology, after the
17:
12213:
12168:
11209:
10855:
10776:
10037:
9673:
7388:
3973:
1928:
1922:
1900:
1375:
1081:
1062:
668:
564:
503:". After the evaluations of the companies' proposals, the ATB competition was narrowed to the Northrop/
257:
10392:
5528:
3891:
1714:, killing around 85 militants. The B-2s together dropped 108 500-pound (230 kg) precision-guided
1472:
that is stronger than steel, lighter than aluminum, and absorbs a significant amount of radar energy.
261:
12188:
11362:
11326:
11101:
10838:
10801:
10712:
10707:
10160:
10095:
8545:
8431:
8175:
8155:
7562:
7557:
7508:
1937:
1273:
1265:
1105:
1031:
372:
239:
6834:
Stability and Control of Conventional and Unconventional Aircraft Configurations: A Generic Approach
6805:"Air Force, Options to Retire or Restructure the Force Would Reduce Planned Spending, NSIAD-96-192."
5031:
2937:
2830:
1565:
in the first eight weeks of U.S. involvement in the war. During this war, six B-2s flew non-stop to
639:. Cavanagh was sentenced to life in prison in 1985 but released on parole in 2001. In October 2005,
11976:
11905:
11858:
11382:
11270:
10962:
8516:
8199:
7045:
Pelletier, Alain J. "Towards the Ideal Aircraft: The Life and Times of the Flying Wing, Part Two".
6862:
Weapons of Mass Destruction: An Encyclopedia of Worldwide Policy, Technology, and History, Volume 2
6487:
3116:
1695:
1458:
1410:
1331:
1027:
804:
696:
up to $ 135,000 per flight hour to operate in 2010, which is about twice that of the B-52 and B-1.
543:
engineers and scientists helped assess the mission effectiveness of the aircraft under a five-year
536:
407:
307:
6049:
4233:
3668:
3182:
Rao, G.A. and S.P. Mahulikar. "Integrated review of stealth technology and its role in airpower".
547:
contract during the 1980s. Northrop was the B-2's prime contractor; major subcontractors included
515:
designs. The Northrop proposal was code named "Senior Ice", and the Lockheed proposal code named "
341:
and another was lost to a crash in 2022. The Air Force plans to operate them until 2032, when the
277:, and software support) averaged $ 929 million (~$ 1.11 billion in 2023) per plane. The
12067:
11986:
11915:
11868:
11821:
11730:
11693:
11660:
11616:
11483:
11413:
11336:
11303:
10796:
10791:
10749:
10405:
10125:
10065:
9960:
9438:
9433:
9428:
9423:
9413:
9398:
9378:
9358:
9353:
9348:
9343:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9308:
9298:
9293:
9143:
9118:
9021:
9016:
8901:
7358:
3001:
2879:
2008:
1988:
1772:
1751:
1698:, U.S. officials had considered an airstrike by one or more B-2s as an alternative; the use of a
1622:
1539:
1494:
1280:". As of September 2013, there have been no instances of a missile being launched at a B-2.
1125:
1101:
847:
632:
591:
334:
327:
217:
115:
48:
7056:
11629:
11583:
11421:
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10937:
10885:
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9716:
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7686:
7666:
7616:
7611:
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7572:
7567:
3996:"Semantic Designs Aligns with Northrop Grumman to Modernize B-2 Spirit Bomber Software Systems"
2245:
1912:
1865:
1859:
1710:
On 18 January 2017, two B-2s attacked an ISIS training camp 19 miles (30 km) southwest of
1670:
1394:
937:
range and field of view for onboard sensors. The USAF reports its range as approximately 6,000
864:
635:
was arrested for attempting to sell classified information from the Pico Rivera factory to the
625:
598:, military officials would visit out of uniform, and staff members were routinely subjected to
544:
508:
436:
stealth attack aircraft. Northrop also had a classified technology demonstration aircraft, the
290:
247:
88:
6939:
Military Gadgets: How Advanced Technology is Transforming Today's Battlefield – and Tomorrow's
6509:
6106:
4993:
3772:
1002:
A 2,000 lb (910 kg) BDU-56 bomb being loaded onto a bomb bay's rotary launcher, 2004
12183:
11954:
11722:
11652:
11532:
11341:
11316:
11199:
11151:
11057:
10816:
10255:
10200:
10180:
10011:
9970:
9894:
9668:
9663:
9601:
6693:
5401:
5162:
4909:
2195:
1551:
1476:
1138:
949:
788:
477:
194:
190:
5200:
4510:
4073:
717:(R-CT) authorizing the motion to end the project—as well as others in the Senate, including
11550:
11204:
11041:
10952:
10897:
10880:
10692:
10667:
10330:
10295:
10285:
10235:
10220:
10215:
10195:
10135:
10090:
10006:
10001:
9986:
9955:
9858:
9766:
9736:
9643:
9513:
9493:
9488:
9273:
9233:
9228:
8996:
8981:
8951:
8946:
8916:
8906:
8841:
8836:
8801:
8067:
7483:
7411:
4836:"Northrop Grumman and USAF Verify Proper Fit of 30,000 lb Penetrator Weapon on B-2 Bomber."
3837:
1822:
1498:
876:
795:
network; a new version of the operational flight program software was also developed, with
614:
449:
399:
391:
229:
205:
93:
5962:
U.S. flies B-2 stealth bombers to S. Korea in "extended deterrence mission" aimed at North
487:
8:
11701:
11665:
11219:
11169:
11008:
10677:
10325:
10310:
10300:
10245:
10240:
10210:
10205:
10185:
10140:
10130:
10027:
9899:
9889:
9853:
9848:
9833:
9791:
9749:
9741:
9726:
9711:
9633:
9613:
9596:
9503:
9483:
9473:
9468:
9393:
9313:
9283:
9248:
9203:
9193:
9148:
9103:
9031:
9026:
8991:
8976:
8956:
8931:
8926:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8861:
8851:
8846:
8831:
8796:
8781:
8761:
8746:
8676:
8666:
8511:
8456:
8416:
8395:
8368:
8363:
8292:
8256:
7911:
7896:
7786:
7586:
7552:
7522:
7380:
6186:
5751:
2366:
2000:
1892:
1795:
1479:
to avoid leaks as they could increase its radar signature. Innovations such as alternate
1438:
1406:
1351:
1308:
1284:
1261:
1257:
987:
967:
685:
516:
437:
387:
225:
31:
8537:
5065:
3974:"Air Force Completes Preliminary Design Review of New B-2 Bomber Computer Architecture."
3241:, Northrop Grumman (newspaper), Vol. 8, No. 12; 30 June 2006, p. 8. author: Carol Ilten.
11321:
11189:
11134:
11093:
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10572:
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10175:
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9935:
9884:
9771:
9761:
9754:
9268:
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9253:
9218:
9213:
9188:
9173:
9113:
9108:
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9083:
9071:
9061:
9056:
9051:
9046:
8816:
8776:
8771:
8736:
8716:
8691:
8595:
8589:
6937:
6599:
6403:"B-2 nuke bomber fleet is temporarily grounded due to safety issue | CNN Politics"
1874:
1810:
1786:
1735:
1674:
1469:
1386:
1339:
1253:
1249:
1245:
872:
753:
660:
416:
7370:
6878:
Measurements of the Radar Echoing Area of the Vulcan by the Optical Simulation Method.
6155:
4264:
3950:
3308:
575:
12193:
12109:
10672:
10652:
10545:
10535:
8333:
7332:
7318:
7303:
7285:
7261:
7243:
7227:
7214:
7196:
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7128:
7110:
7090:
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7052:
7033:
7015:
6978:
6961:
6943:
6925:
6908:
6890:
6865:
6850:
6837:
6819:
6626:"New Video Of B-2 Bomber Dropping Mother Of All Bunker Busters Sends Ominous Message"
6209:
5407:
5168:
4999:
4915:
2362:
1642:
1562:
1461:(RAM) to absorb and neutralize radar beams. The majority of the B-2 is made out of a
1425:
elements, which disperse the air laterally, to accelerate its cooling. The B-2 lacks
1414:
1058:
925:
664:
500:
395:
376:
311:
224:
as principal subcontractors, and was produced from 1987 to 2000. The bomber can drop
198:
4656:
Kenagy, David N., Christopher T. Bird, Christopher M. Webber and Joseph R. Fischer.
4095:
2223:
560 mph (900 km/h, 487 kn) at 40,000 ft (12,000 m) altitude
495:
The Advanced Technology Bomber (ATB) program began in 1979. Full development of the
12130:
12101:
12049:
12020:
11968:
11897:
11850:
11798:
11769:
11740:
11675:
11560:
11442:
11239:
11125:
10766:
10739:
10567:
10514:
10433:
9930:
9925:
8661:
8572:
8528:
8451:
7866:
5867:
4886:
4598:
2296:
2292:
2035:
1522:
1277:
1179:
1175:
1012:
1008:
983:
945:
every six hours, taking on up to 50 short tons (45,000 kg) of fuel at a time.
942:
838:
834:
359:
303:
250:
243:
209:
186:
182:
97:
70:
67:
5773:
1385:
Burying engines deep inside the fuselage also minimizes the thermal visibility or
998:
12028:
11928:
11876:
11811:
11588:
11540:
11496:
11262:
10990:
10942:
10150:
9920:
8686:
8636:
8631:
8621:
8129:
7871:
7365:
6700:
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6516:
6494:
6162:
6139:
6113:
6078:
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5949:
5897:
5874:
5851:
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5780:
5758:
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5512:
5207:
5118:
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4968:
4861:
4842:
4807:
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4534:
4517:
4493:
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4151:
4125:
4106:
4080:
4026:
4002:
3980:
3957:
3898:
3820:
3763:
3690:
Murphy, Robert D., Michael J. Hazard, Jeffrey T. Hunter, and James F. Dinwiddie.
3675:
3610:
3572:
3504:
3434:
3211:
3094:
3045:
2967:
2944:
2849:
2004:
1908:
1882:
1768:
1323:
1150:
1120:
860:
749:
714:
552:
7375:
6662:
5704:
5637:
4311:"Air Force Looks to Increase B-2 Mission Readiness with Cockpit Display Upgrade"
3913:
Bender, Brian and John Robinson. "More Stealth Bombers Mean Less Combat Power".
3720:
2357:
1517:
667:
announced B-2 production would be limited to 20 aircraft. In 1996, however, the
256:
Development began under the Advanced Technology Bomber (ATB) project during the
12138:
11999:
11994:
11960:
11933:
11923:
11606:
11573:
11455:
11367:
11229:
11194:
10833:
10759:
10744:
10719:
10443:
10230:
10120:
9996:
9991:
9796:
9278:
8986:
8941:
8896:
8466:
8446:
8436:
8411:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8307:
8297:
8287:
8282:
8272:
8240:
8204:
8189:
8160:
8108:
8093:
8088:
8057:
8052:
8016:
8011:
7971:
7921:
7891:
7681:
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7532:
7527:
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7445:
7435:
7104:
7083:
7047:
5914:"US had planned air strike to level Osama's Abbottabad hideout: Americas, News"
3725:
2857:
1682:
1586:, killing several staff. By then, the B-2 had dropped 500 bombs in Yugoslavia.
1575:
1480:
1422:
1390:
1367:
1283:
To reduce optical visibility during daylight flights, the B-2 is painted in an
1077:
962:
958:
929:
896:
768:
640:
524:
520:
286:
6071:
4800:
3405:
12162:
11501:
10985:
10922:
10912:
10907:
10860:
10811:
10754:
10724:
10662:
10657:
10617:
10597:
10488:
10483:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10346:
9843:
9781:
9731:
9721:
9658:
9243:
9178:
8856:
8811:
8476:
8421:
8373:
8328:
8323:
8277:
8184:
8072:
8062:
7991:
7966:
7901:
7517:
7473:
7440:
7295:
6274:"Faulty landing gear springs led to B-2 bomber crash last year, report finds"
6225:"USAF updates firefighter training and equipment following B-2 tailpipe fire"
6132:
4234:"Questions about whether the US needs another $ 55 billion worth of bombers."
4145:"The Air Force Announced It's Upgrading The One Plane It Needs To Bomb Iran."
2378:
1699:
1442:
1430:
1398:
1288:
1171:
1154:
1142:
1074:
1024:
938:
791:
that communicates with systems throughout the aircraft via a newly installed
659:
mission. Under budgetary pressures and Congressional opposition, in his 1992
595:
584:
528:
511:
teams with each receiving a study contract for further work. Both teams used
496:
473:
403:
390:
of an aircraft that would remain effectively invisible to radars. Initially,
7012:
Aircraft Systems: Mechanical, Electrical and Avionics Subsystems Integration
6887:
Black Jets: The Development and Operation of America's Most Secret Warplanes
1100:
multi-mode radar, a fully digital navigation system that is integrated with
265:
Building each aircraft cost an average of US$ 737 million, while total
246:. The B-2 is the only acknowledged in-service aircraft that can carry large
11624:
11578:
11568:
11545:
11491:
11450:
10980:
10947:
10927:
10902:
10875:
10870:
10850:
10828:
10821:
10697:
10642:
10637:
10592:
10587:
10582:
10577:
10540:
10498:
10493:
10478:
10448:
10351:
10070:
9879:
9838:
9628:
9623:
8911:
8791:
8656:
8461:
8230:
8180:
8170:
8145:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7926:
7881:
7469:
4835:
4689:
3117:"USAF Will Retire, Not Repair, Damaged B-2; Fleet Shrinking to 19 Aircraft"
2370:
2340:
2336:
2281:
2267:
2074:
1743:
1730:
1711:
1630:
1614:
1506:
1199:
1146:
1050:
1046:
842:
677:
636:
461:
282:
274:
233:
179:
73:
5577:"Portable B-2 bomber shelters are built ... in parts (officially) unknown"
5474:
5319:"America's New B-21 Stealth Bomber vs. Russia's S-300 or S-400: Who Wins?"
4562:"Stalth – First glimpses of the invisible aircraft now under construction"
3878:"Moisture in sensors led to stealth bomber crash, Air Force report says."
3039:"B-2 Bomber: Cost and Operational Issues Letter Report, GAO/NSIAD-97-181."
2347:
911:
12143:
12057:
11829:
11179:
11174:
10932:
10917:
10865:
10843:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10612:
10607:
10602:
10438:
10190:
9915:
9706:
9701:
8766:
8741:
8706:
8696:
8681:
8641:
8626:
8501:
8103:
8098:
7836:
7821:
7811:
7806:
7736:
7726:
7577:
6746:"Damaged B-2 Returns To Palmdale For Repairs A Year After Landing Mishap"
6719:"Old, weak landing gear springs led to a B-2's $ 10M skid off the runway"
4217:|topnews|text|FRONTPAGE "Schwartz Defends Cost of USAF's Next-Gen Bomber"
1595:
1426:
1327:
1304:
1211:
1207:
1195:
1113:
1084:, which may give the B-2 standoff nuclear capability for the first time.
1016:
979:
933:
796:
792:
776:
722:
710:
706:
560:
512:
445:
278:
266:
201:
6133:"B-2 Fire at AAFB Back in February of 2010 Was 'Horrific,' Not 'Minor'."
5350:"How Russia Could Someday Shootdown an F-22, F-35 or B-2 Stealth Bomber"
1338:
technique) for controlling radar returns as during its development (see
12080:
11506:
10155:
9874:
9696:
8701:
8651:
8646:
8616:
8611:
1846:
1739:
1687:
1566:
1558:
1434:
1429:
as the hot exhaust would increase the infrared signature; breaking the
1314:
1220:
1216:
1097:
948:
The development and construction of the B-2 required pioneering use of
741:
315:
270:
3643:
Capaccio, Tony. "The B-2's Stealthy Skins Need Tender, Lengthy Care."
2614:
29 October 1994 – Severely damaged by fire in February 2010, repaired
1686:
reported that prior to the May 2011 U.S. Special Operations raid into
602:
examinations. Nearly all information on the program was kept from the
11473:
7981:
5796:"Air Force Global Strike Command officials assume B-52, B-2 mission."
2012:
1842:
1818:
1651:
1236:
730:
672:
599:
6975:
America's Stealth Fighters and Bombers: B-2, F-117, YF-22, and YF-23
6207:
Hennigan, W. J., "The $ 105M resurrection of a B-2 stealth bomber",
4962:
Air Force Upgrades B-2 Stealth Bomber as Modern Air Defenses Advance
4020:"Northrop Grumman Adding Mobile Targets to B-2 Bomber Capabilities."
3566:"Engineer jailed for selling US stealth bomber technology to China."
1561:. It was responsible for destroying 33% of selected Serbian bombing
1322:
RCS reduction as a result of shape had already been observed on the
11806:
7226:
Sweetman, Bill. "Inside the stealth bomber". Zenith Imprint, 1999.
2199:
2063:
2034:
made an emergency landing at Whiteman AFB. The aircraft landed and
1776:
1691:
1610:
1579:
1543:
1466:
1335:
1292:
1198:
inside a B-2 cockpit with pilot Capt. Luke Jayne during a visit to
1045:
The B-2 has various conventional weapons in its arsenal, including
975:
718:
656:
556:
363:
319:
294:
7317:(Aviation Factfile). Rochester, Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004.
1742:, California, a B-2 drops 47 individual 500 lb (230 kg)
583:
During its design and development, the Northrop B-2 program was a
8568:
6342:"Runway At Whiteman AFB Remains Closed After B-2 Bomber Accident"
3520:
2307:
2303:
1746:
bombs, which is more than half of a B-2's total ordnance payload.
1162:
441:
386:
requested information from U.S. aviation firms about the largest
53:
A U.S. Air Force B-2 Spirit flying over the Pacific Ocean in 2016
7284:(Classic Warplanes). New York: Smithmark Publishers Inc., 1991.
6905:
The Pocket Guide to Military Aircraft: And the World's Airforces
5112:"Flight Control Actuation System Integrator for the B-2 Spirit."
3951:"Debate on Dellums Amendment to 1998 Defense Authorization Act."
1669:
In March 2011, B-2s were the first U.S. aircraft into action in
1210:
aircraft, the B-2 uses a complex quadruplex computer-controlled
810:
11598:
11465:
11280:
6574:"The US Navy – Fact File: AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW)"
6465:
B-2 that caught fire in 2022 won’t be fixed, Air Force confirms
2314:
1850:
1618:
1462:
1402:
1070:
1035:
941:(6,900 mi; 11,000 km). At cruising altitude, the B-2
800:
504:
221:
213:
7125:
The Precision Revolution: Gps and the Future of Aerial Warfare
3621:
Graham, Bradley. "US to add one B-2 plane to 20 plane fleet."
3154:"USAF to Retire B-1, B-2 in Early 2030s as B-21 Comes On-Line"
1969:
1019:
cruise missile was also intended for use on the B-2 platform.
337:
has nineteen B-2s in service as of 2024; one was destroyed in
11511:
4338:. Air Force Magazine, June 1999. Retrieved 30 December 2015 (
3781:"US Air Force combat fleet's true operational costs revealed"
2328:
484:
was working to develop stealth aircraft, including a bomber.
433:
424:
383:
367:
6958:
Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare
6436:"B-2 Safety Pause Lifted, Flights Set to Resume Within Days"
1366:
The gap below the air intake has the purpose of keeping the
1362:
752:, and former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General
609:
The B-2 was first publicly displayed on 22 November 1988 at
11184:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2055:
Restored B-2 Spirit full-scale test unit on display at the
1992:
1626:
1129:
7410:
6773:"B-2 stealth bomber damaged in Missouri emergency landing"
5529:"Northrop Grumman Applies New Coating to Operational B-2."
5225:"Why the Air Force Only Has 20 B-2 Spirit Stealth Bombers"
4168:"Flying and Fighting in the B-2: America’s Stealth Bomber"
3814:"Key Senate Backer of Stealth Bomber Sees It in Jeopardy."
3480:"The Story Behind Aviation Week's B-2 Rollout Photo Scoop"
8567:
7143:
Future Flight: The Next Generation of Aircraft Technology
6483:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6407:
6127:
6125:
444:. It developed stealth technology, LO (low observables),
402:
had experience in this field with the development of the
11123:
4879:"B-2 Stealth Bomber To Carry New Nuclear Cruise Missile"
4190:"Pentagon Wants Unmanned Stealth Bomber to Replace B-2."
3600:"President George H. Bush's State of the Union Address."
2926:
1389:
of the exhaust. At the engine intake, cold air from the
5032:"Upgrade drags Stealth Bomber IT systems into the 90s."
4362:, pp. 11, 17, 29. Air Force Association, February 2007.
4360:"Return of the Bomber, The Future of Long-Range Strike"
3692:
B-2 Bomber: Status of Cost, Development, and Production
2140:
2: pilot (left seat) and mission commander (right seat)
1617:
and an undisclosed "forward operating location". Other
1318:
Illustration of the B-2's basic radar reflection angles
895:
conventional payload, and the ability to carry nuclear
468:
platform had flown and proven the concepts. During the
7085:
Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years of Lockheed
7030:
B-2 Spirit: The Most Capable War Machine on the Planet
6973:
Goodall, James C. "The Northrop B-2A Stealth Bomber."
6474:
6312:
United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps
6122:
5976:"B-2 bombers kill nearly 100 ISIS terrorists in Libya"
5276:
5274:
4845:
defpro.com, 22 July 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3892:"Zell Miller's Attack on Kerry: A Little Out Of Date."
3147:
3145:
2051:
242:-guided bombs, or sixteen 2,400-pound (1,100 kg)
232:, such as up to eighty 500-pound class (230 kg)
7329:
The World's Great Stealth and Reconnaissance Aircraft
6977:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 1992.
6694:"Air Force names final B-2 bomber 'Spirit of America"
5660:"JDAM continues to be warfighter's weapon of choice."
5538:"Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems", 19 April 2004.
423:
Plans were well advanced by the summer of 1975, when
3757:"Why Can't the Air Force Build an Affordable Plane?"
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
2839:
2277:
36× 750 lb (340 kg) CBU class bombs on BRA
2104:
Orthographically projected diagram of the B-2 Spirit
1945:
6510th Test Wing – Edwards AFB, California 1989–1992
1401:) and is mixed with hot exhaust air just before the
729:
per year in 1989 dollars, something Committee Chair
6255:"B-2 Spirit sitting wing down after landing mishap"
5271:
4885:. Federation of American Scientists. Archived from
4813:(POGO), 16 April 2004. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
4042:"B-2 radar modernization program contract awarded."
3142:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
882:so as to continue in the nuclear mission until the
606:(GAO) and members of Congress until the mid-1980s.
7082:
6050:"Air Force: Sensor moisture caused 1st B-2 crash."
5832:"Crisis in Libya: U.S. bombs Qaddafi's airfields."
5473:. Federation of American Scientist. Archived from
5399:
4955:
4658:"Dextroamphetamine Use During B-2 Combat Mission."
3718:
3714:
3712:
3428:"Defense worker loses job over his ties to India".
3051:(GAO), 14 August 1997. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
1501:. B2SS hangars are known to have been deployed to
1445:which would also increase the infrared signature.
1219:-static sensing plates, as opposed to traditional
30:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
7051:, No. 65, September–October 1996, pp. 8–19.
6030:
6028:
5541:
5144:
5142:
4139:
4137:
3838:"Kasich still touts opposition to stealth bomber"
3103:
2986:, Aircraft Illustrated special, Ian Allan (1991).
2895:List of military electronics of the United States
2095:
1885:(Associate) – Whiteman AFB, Missouri 2009–present
12160:
7371:B-2 Stealth Bomber article on How It Works Daily
7161:The Politics of Strategic Aircraft Modernization
6040:, 23 February 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
6003:"An Extraordinarily Expensive Way to Fight ISIS"
5222:
4855:"AGM-158 JASSM Cruise Missiles: FY 2011 Orders."
4685:"An Extraordinarily Expensive Way to Fight ISIS"
4415:
4063:, 30 December 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
4047:, 30 December 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3605:, 28 January 1992. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3054:
1718:(JDAM) bombs. These strikes were followed by an
1206:To address the inherent flight instability of a
646:
519:". Northrop had prior experience developing the
362:". The concept was to build an aircraft with an
6816:Air Warfare: an International Encyclopedia: A-L
6618:
6520:National Museum of the United States Air Force.
6498:National Museum of the United States Air Force.
6176:
6174:
6156:"Program office brings home 'wounded warrior'."
5868:"Libya military operation: Who should command?"
5821:, 24 October 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
5786:, 25 October 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
5725:"Pressure mounts as stealth bombers deployed".
5471:"VI – STEALTH AIRCRAFT: EAGLES AMONG SPARROWS?"
4629:
4625:
4623:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4166:Mitchell Institute Aerospace Advantage Podcast
3719:Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023).
3709:
2824:
2112:A B-2 in formation flight with eight U.S. Navy
1557:The B-2's combat debut was in 1999, during the
1145:computers, which are interconnected through 26
655:, effectively eliminating the Spirit's primary
7193:B-2 Spirit, The Great Book of Modern Warplanes
7127:, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press,
7123:Rip, Michael Russell; Hasik, James M. (2002),
7014:, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons,
6875:Dawson, T.W.G., G.F. Kitchen and G.B. Glider.
6257:. The War Zone. September 2021. Archived from
6025:
5556:, 8 January 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
5139:
4945:
4943:
4134:
3498:"Stealth bomber classified documents missing."
3464:
3462:
3275:
3273:
3271:
2948:National Museum of the United States Air Force
2875:List of active United States military aircraft
2229:6,900 mi (11,000 km, 6,000 nmi)
2126:USAF Fact Sheet, Pace, Spick, Northrop Grumman
2071:National Museum of the United States Air Force
2057:National Museum of the United States Air Force
1662:(ICBMs), were transferred to the newly formed
1069:(MOP), which is intended to attack reinforced
1030:to map out targets prior to the deployment of
841:as a tactical bomber. However, in March 2012,
420:, a model Lockheed built to test the concept.
204:with a crew of two, the plane was designed by
11109:
10378:
8553:
7396:
7302:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 1999.
7009:
6864:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2005.
6530:
6528:
6183:""Spirit of Washington" rises from the ashes"
5665:, 17 March 2006. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
5099:
5087:
4741:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4722:
4670:, Volume 75, Number 5, May 2004, pp. 381–386.
4032:, 7 February 2008. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
3860:
3836:Torry, Jack; Wehrman, Jessica (6 July 2015).
2310:Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (JASSM)
2280:16× 2,000 lb (910 kg) class bombs (
775:and National Security Committee, Congressman
746:Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force
7313:Winchester, Jim, ed. "Northrop B-2 Spirit".
7182:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6988:
6942:, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: FT Press,
6222:
6171:
6000:
5463:
4706:
4704:
4682:
4620:
4559:
4457:
4455:
4398:
4381:
4365:
4086:, 24 July 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3904:, 4 October 2004. Retrieved 26 October 2004.
3835:
3826:, 14 September 1991. Retrieved 23 July 2009.
3628:
3510:, 24 June 1987. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3386:
3377:, 31 July 1989. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
3226:
2715:10 January 1996 – 10 December 2022, crashed
7213:, North Branch, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint,
6920:Eden, Paul. "Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit".
6684:All 21 copies brought to Block 30 standard.
6097:, 21 April 2008. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
6092:"B-2s return to flight after safety pause."
5732:
5570:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5213:, 1 July 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
4940:
4668:Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
4280:"B-2 Bomber Set to Receive Massive Upgrade"
4257:"Bolstering Spirits in the Year of the B-2"
4058:"USAF Awards B-2 Radar Upgrade Production."
3749:
3581:
3459:
3268:
3139:, 9 June 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
2953:
2288:) mounted on Rotary Launcher Assembly (RLA)
2266:80× 500 lb (230 kg) class bombs (
1534:The first operational aircraft, christened
590:A former Ford automobile assembly plant in
11116:
11102:
10385:
10371:
8560:
8546:
7403:
7389:
7255:
7062:
6955:
6743:
6525:
6247:
6062:, 5 June 2008. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
6001:Langewiesche, William (July–August 2018).
5265:
4876:
4757:
4728:
4473:
4096:"New Composite to Improve B-2 Durability."
3808:
3806:
3352:
3261:
3259:
3250:
2202:, 17,300 lbf (77 kN) thrust each
2030:On the night of 13–14 September 2021, B-2
1958:
1475:The B-2 is assembled with unusually tight
1393:below the main inlet enters the fuselage (
1153:; other system elements are connected via
1112:(first such system tested on the Northrop
993:
12209:High-altitude and long endurance aircraft
7080:
6836:, Stoughton, Wisconsin: Books on Demand,
5973:
5943:US flies stealth bombers over South Korea
5798:United States Air Force, 2 February 2010.
5752:"Air Force Reorganizes Nuclear Commands."
5613:
5601:
5052:
5050:
4701:
4452:
4180:, 11 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
3944:
3296:
3134:"Moisture confused sensors in B-2 crash."
1965:2008 Andersen Air Force Base B-2 accident
1584:dropped five JDAMs on the Chinese Embassy
10408:bomber designations, Army/Air Force and
7359:B-2 Spirit page on Northrop Grumman site
7208:
7158:
7122:
6922:Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft
6744:Trevithick, Joseph (22 September 2022).
6339:
6180:
5686:
5559:
5403:Reeds Vol 14: Stealth Warship Technology
5347:
5160:
4949:
4907:
4781:
4769:
4446:
3866:
3769:, 26 March 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
3669:"The Gold Plated Hangar Queen Survives."
2973:, May 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
2356:
2346:
2327:
2299:nuclear bombs on RLA (strategic mission)
2107:
2050:
1968:
1729:
1641:
1598:, striking ground targets in support of
1516:
1361:
1313:
1235:
1189:
1119:
997:
910:
809:
574:
570:
486:
448:, curved surfaces, composite materials,
12129:
12100:
12019:
11768:
7242:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO,
7089:, Boston: Little, Brown & Company,
7010:Moir, Ian; Seabridge, Allan G. (2008),
6831:
6818:, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO,
6721:. Sightline Media Group. Defense News.
6707:, 14 July 2000. Retrieved 16 June 2010.
6145:, 31 August 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
6119:, 6 June 2008. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
5824:
5698:
5148:
5133:
5056:Jane's Aircraft Upgrades 2003, p. 1711f
4796:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4678:
4676:
3803:
3778:
3681:, 14 June 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
3292:
3290:
3288:
3256:
3049:United States General Accounting Office
2241:67.3 lb/sq ft (329 kg/m)
1087:
782:
398:were selected for further development.
14:
12161:
7237:
7145:, New York: McGraw-Hill Professional,
6902:
6884:
6592:
6433:
6303:Cocke, Robert P.M. (12 January 2022).
6271:
5738:
5674:
5634:"Air Force Says Bomber Performed Well"
5574:
5381:
5316:
5235:from the original on 18 September 2020
5047:
4745:
4710:
4560:Heppenheimer, T. A. (September 1986).
4277:
4074:"B-2 passes modernisation milestones."
3477:
3337:
2961:"2009 USAF Almanac, Fact and Figures."
2323:
2046:
1512:
1124:A maintenance crew servicing a B-2 at
499:followed, funded under the code name "
11097:
10366:
8541:
7384:
7190:
7140:
6935:
6813:
6770:
6716:
6571:
6565:
6415:from the original on 22 December 2022
6383:from the original on 17 December 2022
6352:from the original on 13 December 2022
6302:
6284:from the original on 12 December 2022
6235:from the original on 14 December 2014
5809:"USAF Creates Global Strike Command."
5701:"B-2s Turn Out Not To Be Solo Flyers"
5406:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 13.
5360:from the original on 20 November 2018
5329:from the original on 15 November 2018
5253:
5223:Sebastien Roblin (11 November 2018).
5181:from the original on 15 February 2020
4980:
4928:from the original on 15 February 2020
4877:Kristensen, Hans M. (22 April 2013).
4822:
4535:"B-49 – United States Nuclear Forces"
4461:
4428:from the original on 12 November 2013
4392:
4308:
3986:, 7 July 2008. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
3358:
3164:from the original on 17 December 2022
3151:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
2831:Aircraft in fiction § B-2 Spirit
2633:17 February 1995 – 23 February 2008,
2274:) mounted on Bomb Rack Assembly (BRA)
1862:– Whiteman AFB, Missouri 2005–present
1835:(Whiteman AFB, Missouri) 1998–present
1673:, the UN mandated enforcement of the
579:The B-2's first public flight in 1989
260:, which cancelled the Mach 2-capable
7102:
7027:
6989:Griffin, John; Kinnu, James (2007),
6907:, London: Octopus Publishing Group,
6783:from the original on 16 October 2023
6725:from the original on 16 October 2023
6650:
6534:
5974:Tomlinson, Lucas (19 January 2017).
5952:Agence France-Presse, 28 April 2013.
5774:"US plans separate nuclear command."
5619:
5607:
5553:Aviation Week & Space Technology
5420:from the original on 5 February 2021
5387:
5012:from the original on 5 February 2021
4787:
4673:
4572:from the original on 5 February 2021
3848:from the original on 25 October 2020
3587:
3531:from the original on 29 January 2014
3319:from the original on 20 January 2018
3285:
3279:
3215:U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission
2989:
2388:Sources: B-2 Spirit (Pace), Fas.org
820:United States Department of Commerce
293:even before the winding down of the
12179:1980s United States bomber aircraft
11412:
6752:from the original on 7 October 2022
6370:
6340:Helfrich, Emma (12 December 2022).
6272:RIEDEL, ALEXANDER (18 March 2022).
6223:Hemmerdinger, Jon (27 March 2014).
6035:"B-2 Crashes on Takeoff From Guam."
5924:from the original on 15 August 2022
5506:"B-2 to receive maintenance boost."
4683:Langewiesche, William (July 2018).
4608:from the original on 9 October 2022
4416:Chiles, James R. (September 2013).
4378:Croddy and Wirtz 2005, pp. 341–342.
3779:Trimble, Stephen (26 August 2011).
3195:Crickmore and Crickmore 2003, p. 9.
3186:, v. 106 (1066), 2002, pp. 629–641.
2152:172 ft 0 in (52.4 m)
1660:intercontinental ballistic missiles
1503:Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia
1346:, was made possible by advances in
1168:active electronically scanned array
482:United States Department of Defense
24:
7274:
6992:B-2 Systems Engineering Case Study
6771:Cohen, Rachel (12 December 2022).
5703:. Associated Press. Archived from
5636:. Associated Press. Archived from
5631:
5348:Majumdar, Dave (8 November 2018).
4541:from the original on 26 March 2019
3217:, 2003. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
3021:
2959:Mehuron, Tamar A., Assoc. Editor.
2938:"Northrop B-2A Spirit fact sheet."
2753:15 May 1996 – Active, Flight Test
2164:5,140 sq ft (478 m)
2158:17 ft 0 in (5.18 m)
2146:69 ft 0 in (21.0 m)
2099:
1755:(19 aircraft in active inventory)
1548:Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center
1185:
25:
12225:
11253:Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
11215:McDonnell Douglas A-12 Avenger II
7343:
7081:Rich, Ben R.; Janos, Leo (1996),
6960:, vol. 21, London: Phoebus,
6956:Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978),
6889:, Norwalk, Connecticut: AIRtime,
6860:Croddy, Eric and James J. Wirtz.
6580:from the original on 2 April 2018
6488:"Factsheet: Northrop B-2 Spirit."
6185:. Whiteman.af.mil. Archived from
6090:Linch, Airman 1st Class Stephen.
6013:from the original on 27 June 2018
5589:from the original on 25 June 2018
5575:Specht, Wayne (16 January 2003).
5438:
5317:Osborn, Kris (15 November 2018).
5298:from the original on 8 April 2023
4592:"B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber Facts"
3009:from the original on 25 June 2023
2306:Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) and
2182:376,000 lb (170,600 kg)
2176:336,500 lb (152,200 kg)
1980:On 23 February 2008, B-2 "AV-12"
1833:72nd Test and Evaluation Squadron
1487:
1330:strategic bomber, and the USAF's
1270:Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses
1055:CBU-87 Combined Effects Munitions
831:Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
803:programming language to standard
27:American strategic stealth bomber
7067:, London: Salamander Books Ltd,
6764:
6737:
6717:Losey, Stephen (17 March 2022).
6710:
6687:
6678:
6656:
6644:
6632:from the original on 29 May 2020
6606:from the original on 4 June 2012
6540:
6503:
6458:
6446:from the original on 23 May 2023
6427:
6395:
6364:
6333:
6296:
6265:
6216:
6201:
6148:
6100:
6084:
6081:YouTube. Retrieved 23 July 2009.
6065:
6043:
5994:
5982:from the original on 2 July 2018
5967:
5955:
5936:
5906:
5883:
5860:
5837:
5801:
5789:
5767:
5744:
5719:
5692:
5680:
5668:
5652:
5625:
5521:
5498:
5489:
5451:from the original on 10 May 2013
5432:
5393:
5372:
5341:
5310:
5259:
5247:
5216:
5193:
5154:
5127:
5105:
5093:
5081:
5059:
5024:
4986:
4974:
4524:, 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
4500:, 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
4309:Wolfe, Frank (23 October 2020).
2907:
2842:
2170:158,000 lb (71,700 kg)
1334:. The F-117 used flat surfaces (
1110:astro-inertial navigation system
611:United States Air Force Plant 42
604:Government Accountability Office
212:) as the prime contractor, with
47:
11332:Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel
11165:Boeing–Sikorsky RAH-66 Comanche
6924:. New York: Amber Books, 2004.
6798:
6107:"B-2 accident report released."
5282:"B-2: The Spirit of Innovation"
4998:. ABC-CLIO. 2002. p. 466.
4901:
4870:
4848:
4828:
4816:
4811:Project On Government Oversight
4775:
4763:
4751:
4716:
4650:
4584:
4553:
4527:
4503:
4479:
4467:
4440:
4352:
4321:
4302:
4271:
4249:
4226:
4209:
4183:
4160:
4111:
4089:
4066:
4050:
4035:
4012:
3989:
3966:
3932:
3920:
3907:
3885:
3872:
3829:
3740:Gross Domestic Product deflator
3697:
3684:
3662:
3650:
3637:
3615:
3593:
3558:
3543:
3513:
3490:
3478:Norris, Guy (2 December 2022).
3471:
3443:
3420:
3392:
3380:
3364:
3343:
3331:
3301:
3244:
3232:
3220:
3198:
3189:
3176:
3158:Air & Space Forces Magazine
3121:Air & Space Forces Magazine
2188:167,000 pounds (75,750 kg)
1761:Air Force Global Strike Command
1664:Air Force Global Strike Command
1419:carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer
1413:, this results in less energy (
1166:to make the AN/APQ-181 into an
11160:Boeing Model 853-21 Quiet Bird
7354:gallery on U.S. Air Force site
5495:Croddy and Wirtz 2005, p. 342.
5167:. Zenith Imprint. p. 55.
4914:. Zenith Imprint. p. 57.
4630:Tirpak, John A. (April 1996).
3555:. Retrieved:: 1 December 2010.
3126:
2976:
2950:. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
2890:List of aerospace megaprojects
2235:50,000 ft (15,200 m)
2096:Specifications (B-2A Block 30)
1802:394th Combat Training Squadron
1244:The B-2's low-observable, or "
773:House Armed Services Committee
455:
348:
318:in 1999. It was later used in
13:
1:
11388:Next Generation Air Dominance
11378:Light Helicopter Experimental
11312:General Atomics MQ-20 Avenger
7414:aircraft and aircraft engines
7331:. New York: Smithmark, 1991.
7260:, Botley Oxford, UK: Osprey,
6628:. The War Zone. 17 May 2019.
6440:Air And Space Forces Magazine
6434:Gordon, Chris (18 May 2023).
4971:– Military.com, 24 April 2015
4632:"With the First B-2 Squadron"
4511:The B-2 Spirit stealth bomber
4278:Osborn, Kris (25 June 2014).
3721:"What Was the U.S. GDP Then?"
3527:. Federal Bureau of Prisons.
2920:
1792:325th Bomb Squadron 1998–2005
824:Air Force Research Laboratory
705:bipartisan, with Congressmen
699:
647:Program costs and procurement
289:made it controversial in the
269:costs (including production,
12204:Aircraft first flown in 1989
11294:Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider
7195:, St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI,
7159:Sorenson, David, S. (1995),
7109:, New York: Back Bay Books,
6808:US General Accounting Office
5699:Diamond, John (7 May 1999).
5289:Northrop Grumman Corporation
5201:"Why contrails hang around."
3939:US General Accounting Office
3927:US General Accounting Office
3704:US General Accounting Office
3657:US General Accounting Office
2885:List of flying wing aircraft
2863:Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider
2825:Notable appearances in media
2798:
2779:
2760:
2741:
2722:
2703:
2684:
2662:
2643:
2621:
2602:
2583:
2564:
2545:
2526:
2507:
2488:
2469:
2450:
2431:
2412:
2088:s nose wheel door, with its
1725:
1716:Joint Direct Attack Munition
1448:
1348:computational fluid dynamics
1095:low probability of intercept
1040:Joint Direct Attack Munition
884:Mobile User Objective System
680:of $ 566 million each.
480:publicly disclosed that the
343:Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider
253:in a stealth configuration.
7:
11778:Global Combat Air Programme
11749:Global Combat Air Programme
11684:Global Combat Air Programme
11248:Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
11051:Fighter-bomber, in F-series
7258:B-1B Lancer Units in Combat
7256:Withington, Thomas (2006),
6936:Evans, Nicholas D. (2004),
6885:Donald, David, ed. (2003),
5400:Christopher Lavers (2012).
5124:. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
5078:. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
4883:FAS Strategic Security Blog
3659:September 1996, pp. 53, 56.
3100:. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
2835:
2317:Massive Ordnance Penetrator
1987:shortly after takeoff from
1952:6520th Flight Test Squadron
1357:
1067:Massive Ordnance Penetrator
1038:), later superseded by the
974:crew member can sleep in a
919:
903:starting in the mid-2020s.
762:Congressional Budget Office
631:In 1984, Northrop employee
432:program and eventually the
366:that deflected or absorbed
185:, featuring low-observable
10:
12230:
12199:Relaxed-stability aircraft
11210:Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA
7238:Tucker, Spencer C (2010),
7141:Siuru, William D. (1993),
6522:Retrieved: 24 August 2011.
6500:Retrieved: 24 August 2011.
6168:Retrieved: 5 January 2012.
5632:Ho, David (30 June 1999).
5066:"AN/APQ-181 Radar System."
4801:"Air Force programs: B-2."
4418:"The Stealth Bomber Elite"
3521:"Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh"
3349:Sweetman 1991, pp. 21, 30.
2828:
2810:11 November 1997 – Active
2595:30 December 1994 – Active
1962:
1929:420th Flight Test Squadron
1923:419th Flight Test Squadron
1915:, California (has one B-2)
1901:Air Force Materiel Command
1600:Operation Enduring Freedom
1376:infra-red search and track
1350:, and first tested on the
1303:The B-2's clean, low-drag
1274:electronic countermeasures
1231:
1082:Long Range Standoff Weapon
1063:CBU-97 Sensor Fuzed Weapon
470:1980 presidential election
440:in development in 1979 at
353:
29:
12174:Northrop Grumman aircraft
12122:
12093:
12066:
12048:
12041:
12012:
11985:
11967:
11953:
11946:
11914:
11896:
11889:
11867:
11849:
11842:
11820:
11797:
11790:
11761:
11739:
11721:
11714:
11692:
11674:
11651:
11642:
11615:
11597:
11559:
11531:
11524:
11482:
11464:
11441:
11434:
11405:
11363:Advanced Tactical Fighter
11355:
11327:Lockheed Martin Sea Ghost
11302:
11279:
11261:
11238:
11150:
11141:
11132:
11071:
11050:
11029:
11022:
10999:
10971:
10558:
10528:
10507:
10426:
10417:
10339:
10113:
10020:
9979:
9908:
9867:
9826:
9805:
9689:
9682:
8580:
8525:
8404:
8386:
8316:
8265:
8249:
8213:
8138:
8122:
8081:
8045:
8038:
8005:
7459:
7428:
7419:
7300:Inside the Stealth Bomber
7063:Richardson, Doug (2001),
7032:, New York: McGraw-Hill,
6814:Boyne, Walter J. (2002),
6675:. Retrieved 16 June 2010.
6493:29 September 2011 at the
5873:29 September 2018 at the
5658:Hansen, Staff Sgt. Ryan.
5164:Inside the Stealth Bomber
5117:22 September 2012 at the
5100:Moir & Seabridge 2008
5088:Moir & Seabridge 2008
4911:Inside the Stealth Bomber
4723:Moir & Seabridge 2008
4286:. Monster. Archived from
3706:, October 1996, pp. 4, 23
3372:"The Stealth Takes Wing."
3152:admin (9 February 2018).
2814:
2696:24 January 1996 – Active
2462:10 October 1997 – Active
2443:4 December 1997 – Active
2198:-GE-100 non-afterburning
1999:had been operated by the
1938:Air Force Systems Command
1459:radar-absorbent materials
1455:Huygens–Fresnel principle
1433:would produce an obvious
1266:multi-spectral camouflage
1106:Global Positioning System
915:Side view of a B-2 Spirit
906:
150:
142:
134:
129:
121:
111:
103:
87:
79:
63:
58:
46:
41:
11977:Future Combat Air System
11906:Future Combat Air System
11859:Future Combat Air System
11383:Long Range Strike Bomber
11271:Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk
7376:B-2 Spirit News Articles
7315:Modern Military Aircraft
6161:20 December 2014 at the
5964:CBS News, 28 March 2013.
5834:CBS News, 20 March 2011.
5211:Air & Space magazine
5206:12 November 2013 at the
4967:26 November 2016 at the
4663:12 November 2013 at the
4334:29 February 2016 at the
4239:12 December 2012 at the
4150:12 December 2012 at the
4105:28 November 2010 at the
4009:. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
4001:9 September 2018 at the
3917:, 5 August 1997, p. 206.
3625:, 22 March 1996, p. A20.
3387:Griffin & Kinnu 2007
3227:Griffin & Kinnu 2007
3088:"B-2 Spirit Fact Sheet."
2943:28 February 2008 at the
2900:
2772:30 August 1996 – Active
2591:Spirit of South Carolina
2576:17 August 1994 – Active
2538:21 August 1994 – Active
2405:Time in service, status
1696:death of Osama bin Laden
1637:
1589:
1529:
1298:
1028:synthetic aperture radar
537:research and development
308:Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk
11731:Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin
11661:British Aerospace P.125
11337:Northrop Grumman RQ-180
7364:3 November 2012 at the
7209:Sweetman, Bill (2005),
7163:, New York: Greenwood,
6832:Chudoba, Bernd (2001),
6548:"B-2 Technical Details"
6138:22 October 2020 at the
6077:4 February 2017 at the
5814:11 January 2012 at the
5779:26 October 2008 at the
5757:2 February 2012 at the
5534:9 December 2011 at the
5161:Sweetman, Bill (1999).
4908:Sweetman, Bill (1999).
4195:14 January 2012 at the
4124:7 December 2010 at the
3634:Eden 2004, pp. 350–353.
3525:Locate a Federal Inmate
3433:7 November 2012 at the
3093:26 January 2017 at the
3002:United States Air Force
2966:13 January 2013 at the
2880:List of bomber aircraft
2791:5 August 1997 – Active
2557:31 March 1994 – Active
2361:B-2 in flight over the
2343:in Guam on 23 June 2006
2131:General characteristics
2009:Whiteman Air Force Base
1989:Andersen Air Force Base
1959:Accidents and incidents
1773:Whiteman Air Force Base
1752:United States Air Force
1623:Andersen Air Force Base
1594:The B-2 saw service in
1582:. On 7 May 1999, a B-2
1540:Whiteman Air Force Base
1495:Andersen Air Force Base
1276:, making the bomber a "
1108:(GPS) guidance, NAS-26
1102:terrain-following radar
994:Armaments and equipment
848:Whiteman Air Force Base
833:may take on its strike/
633:Thomas Patrick Cavanagh
592:Pico Rivera, California
450:electronic intelligence
335:United States Air Force
189:technology designed to
116:United States Air Force
11630:Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B
11584:Sukhoi Su-75 Checkmate
11422:Boeing MQ-28 Ghost Bat
11393:Next-Generation Bomber
11347:General Atomics XQ-67A
11225:Northrop Grumman X-47B
6903:Donald, David (2004),
6515:15 August 2011 at the
6112:5 October 2013 at the
5071:24 August 2012 at the
5037:10 August 2017 at the
4865:Defense Industry Daily
4841:21 August 2009 at the
4315:Defense Industry Daily
4025:12 August 2018 at the
3941:September 1996, p. 72.
3929:September 1996, p. 70.
3609:24 August 2010 at the
3503:15 August 2022 at the
3309:"Northrop B-2A Spirit"
2787:Spirit of Pennsylvania
2655:28 June 1995 – Active
2500:18 July 1997 – Active
2424:14 July 2000 – Active
2382:
2354:
2344:
2120:
2105:
2059:
1977:
1913:Edwards Air Force Base
1866:715th Weapons Squadron
1860:325th Weapons Squadron
1747:
1671:Operation Odyssey Dawn
1655:
1526:
1477:engineering tolerances
1397:, first tested on the
1395:boundary layer suction
1371:
1370:out of the jet engine.
1319:
1241:
1203:
1133:
1003:
928:, which could include
916:
865:Next-Generation Bomber
857:
815:
669:Clinton administration
653:Soviet Union dissolved
626:Edwards Air Force Base
580:
492:
195:anti-aircraft defenses
156:; 35 years ago
11342:Kratos XQ-58 Valkyrie
11317:Boeing MQ-25 Stingray
11200:Lockheed Martin FB-22
11030:Redesignated A-series
7350:B-2 Spirit fact sheet
5845:"Bombers Over Libya."
5807:Chavanne, Bettina H.
5441:"RAND Report Page 37"
4516:25 April 2014 at the
4492:25 April 2014 at the
4487:Bombers: Northrop B-2
4173:4 August 2021 at the
3762:23 April 2017 at the
3468:Pace 1999, pp. 29–36.
3426:Vartaebedian, Ralph.
3297:Rich & Janos 1996
3044:22 March 2017 at the
2734:3 July 1996 – Active
2519:23 May 1997 – Active
2515:Spirit of Mississippi
2481:22 May 1999 – Active
2369:, Missouri) with the
2360:
2350:
2331:
2196:General Electric F118
2111:
2103:
2054:
1985:crashed on the runway
1972:
1733:
1694:that resulted in the
1645:
1613:, B-2s operated from
1552:Tinker Air Force Base
1520:
1365:
1317:
1285:anti-reflective paint
1239:
1193:
1123:
1001:
950:computer-aided design
914:
875:transmissions as the
852:
813:
735:flight control system
578:
571:Secrecy and espionage
490:
478:Carter administration
412:radar-absorbing paint
258:Carter administration
230:thermonuclear weapons
11551:Mikoyan Project 1.44
11373:Joint Strike Fighter
11205:Lockheed Martin X-35
11124:Countries producing
11000:Tri-Service sequence
7191:Spick, Mike (2000),
7028:Pace, Steve (1999),
6699:9 April 2015 at the
6668:9 April 2015 at the
6411:. 21 December 2022.
5948:3 April 2013 at the
5920:. 9 September 2012.
5891:"Getting Bin Laden."
5889:Schmidle, Nicholas.
5850:30 July 2012 at the
5707:on 24 September 2015
5687:Rip & Hasik 2002
5640:on 24 September 2015
5516:Flight International
5445:Flight International
5354:nationalinterest.org
5323:nationalinterest.org
4806:27 July 2011 at the
4782:Rip & Hasik 2002
4770:Rip & Hasik 2002
4646:on 12 November 2013.
4345:4 March 2016 at the
4329:"The Bomber Roadmap"
4101:, 19 November 2010.
4079:31 July 2009 at the
3956:9 April 2015 at the
3897:14 July 2007 at the
3819:6 March 2016 at the
3674:17 June 2010 at the
3647:, 27 May 1997, p. 1.
3416:– via YouTube.
3210:21 July 2011 at the
3184:Aeronautical Journal
2982:Thornborough, A.M.;
2815:AV-22 through AV-165
2768:Spirit of Kitty Hawk
2610:Spirit of Washington
2572:Spirit of California
2386:Individual aircraft
2025:Spirit of Washington
2021:Spirit of Washington
1823:Eglin Air Force Base
1666:on 1 February 2010.
1499:Eglin Air Force Base
1411:Stefan–Boltzmann law
1409:). According to the
1374:Some analysts claim
1344:continuous curvature
1088:Avionics and systems
783:Further developments
615:Palmdale, California
539:on the B-2 by 1989.
345:is to replace them.
174:, also known as the
94:Northrop Corporation
12076:Bayraktar Kızılelma
11702:BAE Systems Taranis
11666:BAE Systems Replica
11289:Northrop B-2 Spirit
11220:Northrop Tacit Blue
11170:Boeing Bird of Prey
10028:Apollo Lunar Module
7282:Northrop B-2 Spirit
6510:"Cold War Gallery."
6189:on 24 December 2013
6055:4 June 2011 at the
5896:13 May 2015 at the
5729:, 28 February 2003.
5511:16 May 2013 at the
5477:on 13 February 2008
4860:2 June 2012 at the
4642:(4). Archived from
4290:on 23 February 2017
4267:on 1 November 2013.
4223:. 29 February 2012.
3979:21 May 2010 at the
3742:figures follow the
3623:The Washington Post
3571:3 July 2017 at the
3454:The Washington Post
3440:, 16 February 1993.
3370:Van Voorst, Bruce.
3205:"Stealth Aircraft."
2806:Spirit of Louisiana
2389:
2324:Individual aircraft
2180:Max takeoff weight:
2047:Aircraft on display
2036:went off the runway
2001:393rd Bomb Squadron
1893:110th Bomb Squadron
1796:393rd Bomb Squadron
1538:, was delivered to
1513:Operational history
1439:aerodynamic heating
1407:Ryan AQM-91 Firefly
1352:Northrop Tacit Blue
1309:radar cross-section
988:USAF Weapons School
968:radar cross-section
799:converted from the
663:address, President
388:radar cross-section
172:Northrop B-2 Spirit
59:General information
32:B2 (disambiguation)
11502:CAIG Wing Loong-10
11322:Boeing Phantom Ray
11190:Lockheed Have Blue
11135:Stealth technology
10418:Original sequences
9909:Utility/Transports
7280:Richardson, Doug.
7103:Rich, Ben (1994),
6261:on 14 August 2022.
6072:"B-2 crash video."
5866:Marcus, Jonathan.
5855:Air Force Magazine
5677:, pp. 177–178
5378:Dawson 1957, p. 3.
5256:, pp. 114–115
5199:Gosnell, Mariana.
5151:, pp. 201–202
5102:, pp. 256–258
4784:, pp. 242–246
4760:, pp. 120–121
4636:Air Force Magazine
4395:, pp. 340–341
4178:Mitchell Institute
4129:Air Force Magazine
4072:Jennings, Gareth.
4018:McKinney, Brooks.
3972:McKinney, Brooks.
3824:The New York Times
3791:on 20 October 2012
3578:, 24 January 2011.
3508:The New York Times
2971:Air Force Magazine
2749:Spirit of Oklahoma
2651:Spirit of Nebraska
2553:Spirit of Missouri
2458:Spirit of New York
2385:
2383:
2375:St. Louis Basilica
2355:
2352:Spirit of New York
2345:
2121:
2106:
2060:
1978:
1875:Air National Guard
1811:Air Combat Command
1787:13th Bomb Squadron
1748:
1736:live fire exercise
1675:Libyan no-fly zone
1656:
1648:Spirit of Missouri
1572:JDAM "smart bombs"
1536:Spirit of Missouri
1527:
1470:composite material
1387:infrared signature
1372:
1340:Lockheed Have Blue
1320:
1242:
1204:
1134:
1004:
917:
887:cockpit upgrades.
873:very low frequency
837:mission, carrying
816:
754:John Shalikashvili
661:State of the Union
581:
493:
472:campaign in 1979,
12214:Strategic bombers
12169:Northrop aircraft
12156:
12155:
12152:
12151:
12118:
12117:
12110:KAI KF-21 Boramae
12089:
12088:
12037:
12036:
12008:
12007:
11942:
11941:
11885:
11884:
11838:
11837:
11786:
11785:
11757:
11756:
11710:
11709:
11638:
11637:
11520:
11519:
11430:
11429:
11401:
11400:
11091:
11090:
11087:
11086:
10972:Long-range bomber
10554:
10553:
10360:
10359:
10109:
10108:
8535:
8534:
8382:
8381:
8034:
8033:
7267:978-1-8417-6992-9
7249:978-1-8510-9947-4
7220:978-0-7603-1940-6
7202:978-0-7603-0893-6
7170:978-0-275-95258-7
7152:978-0-8306-4376-9
7134:978-1-5575-0973-4
7116:978-0-316-74330-3
7096:978-0-3167-4300-6
7074:978-0-7603-1051-9
7065:Stealth Warplanes
7039:978-0-07-134433-3
7021:978-0-4700-5996-8
7005:on 22 August 2009
6967:978-0-8393-6175-6
6949:978-0-1314-4021-0
6914:978-0-681-03185-2
6896:978-1-880588-67-3
6843:978-3-83112-982-9
6825:978-1-57607-345-2
6810:, September 1996.
6278:Stars and Stripes
6210:Los Angeles Times
5750:McNeil, Kirsten.
5582:Stars and Stripes
5439:Radar, Cordless.
5413:978-1-4081-7553-8
5229:National Interest
5174:978-1-61060-689-9
5005:978-1-57607-345-2
4921:978-1-61060-689-9
4601:. 14 March 2007.
4200:Los Angeles Times
4143:Kelley, Michael.
4119:"Nukes for NATO."
4056:Warwick, Graham.
3842:Columbus Dispatch
3679:Strategyworld.com
3456:, 9 October 1989.
3438:Los Angeles Times
2822:
2821:
2730:Spirit of Florida
2670:Spirit of Georgia
2477:Spirit of Indiana
2439:Spirit of Arizona
2420:Spirit of America
2381:in the background
2363:Mississippi River
2333:Spirit of Indiana
2302:Standoff weapon:
2032:Spirit of Georgia
1453:According to the
1415:thermal radiation
1180:lightning strikes
1013:B83 nuclear bombs
880:-class submarines
839:B61 nuclear bombs
750:General Mike Ryan
665:George H. W. Bush
396:McDonnell Douglas
377:acoustic locators
373:infrared scanners
244:B83 nuclear bombs
178:, is an American
168:
167:
154:17 July 1989
143:Introduction date
16:(Redirected from
12221:
12189:Stealth aircraft
12127:
12126:
12098:
12097:
12046:
12045:
12017:
12016:
11951:
11950:
11894:
11893:
11847:
11846:
11795:
11794:
11766:
11765:
11719:
11718:
11649:
11648:
11529:
11528:
11439:
11438:
11410:
11409:
11148:
11147:
11126:stealth aircraft
11118:
11111:
11104:
11095:
11094:
11027:
11026:
10424:
10423:
10387:
10380:
10373:
10364:
10363:
9687:
9686:
8573:Northrop Grumman
8562:
8555:
8548:
8539:
8538:
8043:
8042:
7426:
7425:
7405:
7398:
7391:
7382:
7381:
7270:
7252:
7223:
7211:Lockheed Stealth
7205:
7187:
7181:
7173:
7155:
7137:
7119:
7099:
7088:
7077:
7042:
7024:
7006:
7004:
6997:
6970:
6952:
6917:
6899:
6846:
6828:
6793:
6792:
6790:
6788:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6757:
6748:. The War Zone.
6741:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6714:
6708:
6691:
6685:
6682:
6676:
6660:
6654:
6648:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6596:
6590:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6569:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6552:Northrop Grumman
6544:
6538:
6532:
6523:
6507:
6501:
6485:
6472:
6462:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6451:
6431:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6420:
6399:
6393:
6392:
6390:
6388:
6377:Business Insider
6368:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6321:on 17 March 2022
6320:
6314:. Archived from
6309:
6300:
6294:
6293:
6291:
6289:
6269:
6263:
6262:
6251:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6240:
6220:
6214:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6178:
6169:
6152:
6146:
6129:
6120:
6104:
6098:
6088:
6082:
6069:
6063:
6047:
6041:
6032:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6018:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5971:
5965:
5959:
5953:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5910:
5904:
5903:, 8 August 2011.
5887:
5881:
5880:, 21 March 2011.
5864:
5858:
5843:Tirpak, John A.
5841:
5835:
5828:
5822:
5805:
5799:
5793:
5787:
5771:
5765:
5764:, December 2012.
5748:
5742:
5736:
5730:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5696:
5690:
5684:
5678:
5672:
5666:
5656:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5629:
5623:
5617:
5611:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5572:
5557:
5545:
5539:
5525:
5519:
5502:
5496:
5493:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5482:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5397:
5391:
5385:
5379:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5345:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5314:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5303:
5297:
5286:
5278:
5269:
5263:
5257:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5240:
5220:
5214:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5158:
5152:
5146:
5137:
5131:
5125:
5109:
5103:
5097:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5063:
5057:
5054:
5045:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
4990:
4984:
4978:
4972:
4959:
4953:
4947:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4889:on 22 April 2014
4874:
4868:
4852:
4846:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4798:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4761:
4755:
4749:
4743:
4726:
4720:
4714:
4708:
4699:
4698:
4697:on 27 June 2018.
4693:. Archived from
4680:
4671:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4627:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4613:
4607:
4599:Northrop Grumman
4596:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4531:
4525:
4507:
4501:
4485:Noland, David. "
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4450:
4449:, pp. 73–74
4444:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4413:
4396:
4390:
4379:
4376:
4363:
4358:Grant, Rebecca.
4356:
4350:
4327:Tirpak, John A.
4325:
4319:
4318:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4263:. Archived from
4253:
4247:
4246:, 27 March 2012.
4244:Business Insider
4230:
4224:
4213:
4207:
4206:, 24 March 2011.
4187:
4181:
4164:
4158:
4157:, 28 March 2012.
4155:Business Insider
4141:
4132:
4117:Grant, Rebecca.
4115:
4109:
4093:
4087:
4070:
4064:
4054:
4048:
4039:
4033:
4030:Northrop Grumman
4016:
4010:
4007:Semantic Designs
3993:
3987:
3984:Northrop Grumman
3970:
3964:
3948:
3942:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3911:
3905:
3889:
3883:
3880:Kansas City Star
3876:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3833:
3827:
3810:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3787:. Archived from
3776:
3770:
3753:
3747:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3716:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3688:
3682:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3626:
3619:
3613:
3597:
3591:
3590:, pp. 75–76
3585:
3579:
3562:
3556:
3550:"Press Release."
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3517:
3511:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3484:aviationweek.com
3475:
3469:
3466:
3457:
3449:Atkinson, Rick.
3447:
3441:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3404:. Archived from
3396:
3390:
3384:
3378:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3341:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3305:
3299:
3294:
3283:
3282:, pp. 20–27
3277:
3266:
3263:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3229:, pp. 14–15
3224:
3218:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3149:
3140:
3132:Rolfsen, Bruce.
3130:
3124:
3114:
3101:
3085:
3052:
3036:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
2993:
2987:
2980:
2974:
2957:
2951:
2935:
2914:
2911:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2711:Spirit of Hawaii
2692:Spirit of Alaska
2629:Spirit of Kansas
2393:Air Vehicle No.
2390:
2384:
2258:
2233:Service ceiling:
2210:
2133:
2087:
1997:Spirit of Kansas
1982:Spirit of Kansas
1973:Wreckage of the
1680:In August 2011,
1523:aerial refueling
1405:(similar to the
1278:force multiplier
1262:radar signatures
1176:static discharge
304:midair refueling
281:'s considerable
251:standoff weapons
210:Northrop Grumman
183:strategic bomber
164:
162:
157:
98:Northrop Grumman
51:
39:
38:
21:
12229:
12228:
12224:
12223:
12222:
12220:
12219:
12218:
12159:
12158:
12157:
12148:
12114:
12085:
12062:
12033:
12029:Flygsystem 2020
12004:
11981:
11963:
11938:
11929:Dassault nEUROn
11910:
11881:
11877:Dassault nEUROn
11863:
11834:
11816:
11812:Sukhoi/HAL FGFA
11782:
11753:
11735:
11706:
11688:
11670:
11644:
11634:
11611:
11593:
11589:Sukhoi/HAL FGFA
11555:
11541:Yakovlev Yak-43
11516:
11497:AVIC Dark Sword
11478:
11460:
11426:
11397:
11351:
11298:
11275:
11257:
11234:
11143:
11137:
11128:
11122:
11092:
11083:
11067:
11046:
11018:
11001:
10995:
10973:
10967:
10560:
10550:
10524:
10503:
10419:
10413:
10391:
10361:
10356:
10335:
10105:
10016:
9975:
9904:
9863:
9822:
9801:
9678:
8582:
8576:
8566:
8536:
8531:
8521:
8462:Freedom Fighter
8400:
8388:
8378:
8312:
8261:
8245:
8209:
8134:
8118:
8077:
8030:
8001:
7455:
7421:
7415:
7409:
7366:Wayback Machine
7346:
7277:
7275:Further reading
7268:
7250:
7221:
7203:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7153:
7135:
7117:
7097:
7075:
7040:
7022:
7002:
6995:
6968:
6950:
6915:
6897:
6844:
6826:
6801:
6796:
6786:
6784:
6777:Air Force Times
6769:
6765:
6755:
6753:
6742:
6738:
6728:
6726:
6715:
6711:
6701:Wayback Machine
6692:
6688:
6683:
6679:
6670:Wayback Machine
6661:
6657:
6649:
6645:
6635:
6633:
6624:
6623:
6619:
6609:
6607:
6598:
6597:
6593:
6583:
6581:
6570:
6566:
6556:
6554:
6546:
6545:
6541:
6533:
6526:
6517:Wayback Machine
6508:
6504:
6495:Wayback Machine
6486:
6475:
6463:
6459:
6449:
6447:
6432:
6428:
6418:
6416:
6401:
6400:
6396:
6386:
6384:
6371:Epstein, Jake.
6369:
6365:
6355:
6353:
6338:
6334:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6307:
6301:
6297:
6287:
6285:
6270:
6266:
6253:
6252:
6248:
6238:
6236:
6221:
6217:
6213:, 22 March 2014
6206:
6202:
6192:
6190:
6179:
6172:
6163:Wayback Machine
6153:
6149:
6140:Wayback Machine
6130:
6123:
6114:Wayback Machine
6105:
6101:
6089:
6085:
6079:Wayback Machine
6070:
6066:
6057:Wayback Machine
6048:
6044:
6033:
6026:
6016:
6014:
5999:
5995:
5985:
5983:
5972:
5968:
5960:
5956:
5950:Wayback Machine
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5912:
5911:
5907:
5898:Wayback Machine
5888:
5884:
5875:Wayback Machine
5865:
5861:
5852:Wayback Machine
5842:
5838:
5830:Martin, David.
5829:
5825:
5816:Wayback Machine
5806:
5802:
5794:
5790:
5781:Wayback Machine
5772:
5768:
5762:armscontrol.org
5759:Wayback Machine
5749:
5745:
5737:
5733:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5697:
5693:
5685:
5681:
5673:
5669:
5657:
5653:
5643:
5641:
5630:
5626:
5618:
5614:
5606:
5602:
5592:
5590:
5573:
5560:
5546:
5542:
5536:Wayback Machine
5526:
5522:
5518:, 5 March 2002.
5513:Wayback Machine
5503:
5499:
5494:
5490:
5480:
5478:
5469:
5468:
5464:
5454:
5452:
5437:
5433:
5423:
5421:
5414:
5398:
5394:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5361:
5346:
5342:
5332:
5330:
5315:
5311:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5284:
5280:
5279:
5272:
5266:Richardson 2001
5264:
5260:
5252:
5248:
5238:
5236:
5221:
5217:
5208:Wayback Machine
5198:
5194:
5184:
5182:
5175:
5159:
5155:
5147:
5140:
5132:
5128:
5119:Wayback Machine
5110:
5106:
5098:
5094:
5086:
5082:
5073:Wayback Machine
5064:
5060:
5055:
5048:
5044:, 11 July 2008.
5039:Wayback Machine
5029:
5025:
5015:
5013:
5006:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4979:
4975:
4969:Wayback Machine
4960:
4956:
4948:
4941:
4931:
4929:
4922:
4906:
4902:
4892:
4890:
4875:
4871:
4862:Wayback Machine
4853:
4849:
4843:Wayback Machine
4833:
4829:
4821:
4817:
4808:Wayback Machine
4799:
4788:
4780:
4776:
4768:
4764:
4758:Richardson 2001
4756:
4752:
4744:
4729:
4721:
4717:
4709:
4702:
4681:
4674:
4665:Wayback Machine
4655:
4651:
4628:
4621:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4585:
4575:
4573:
4566:Popular Science
4558:
4554:
4544:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4518:Wayback Machine
4508:
4504:
4494:Wayback Machine
4484:
4480:
4474:Fitzsimons 1978
4472:
4468:
4460:
4453:
4445:
4441:
4431:
4429:
4422:Air & Space
4414:
4399:
4391:
4382:
4377:
4366:
4357:
4353:
4347:Wayback Machine
4336:Wayback Machine
4326:
4322:
4307:
4303:
4293:
4291:
4276:
4272:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4241:Wayback Machine
4231:
4227:
4215:Schogol, Jeff.
4214:
4210:
4197:Wayback Machine
4188:
4184:
4175:Wayback Machine
4165:
4161:
4152:Wayback Machine
4142:
4135:
4126:Wayback Machine
4116:
4112:
4107:Wayback Machine
4094:
4090:
4081:Wayback Machine
4071:
4067:
4055:
4051:
4040:
4036:
4027:Wayback Machine
4017:
4013:
4003:Wayback Machine
3994:
3990:
3981:Wayback Machine
3971:
3967:
3963:, 23 June 1997.
3958:Wayback Machine
3949:
3945:
3937:
3933:
3925:
3921:
3912:
3908:
3899:Wayback Machine
3890:
3886:
3877:
3873:
3865:
3861:
3851:
3849:
3834:
3830:
3821:Wayback Machine
3812:Schmitt, Eric.
3811:
3804:
3794:
3792:
3777:
3773:
3764:Wayback Machine
3754:
3750:
3731:
3729:
3717:
3710:
3702:
3698:
3689:
3685:
3676:Wayback Machine
3667:
3663:
3655:
3651:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3629:
3620:
3616:
3611:Wayback Machine
3598:
3594:
3586:
3582:
3573:Wayback Machine
3564:Foster, Peter.
3563:
3559:
3548:
3544:
3534:
3532:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3505:Wayback Machine
3495:
3491:
3476:
3472:
3467:
3460:
3448:
3444:
3435:Wayback Machine
3425:
3421:
3411:
3409:
3408:on 12 July 2015
3398:
3397:
3393:
3389:, pp. ii–v
3385:
3381:
3369:
3365:
3357:
3353:
3348:
3344:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3295:
3286:
3278:
3269:
3264:
3257:
3251:Withington 2006
3249:
3245:
3237:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3212:Wayback Machine
3203:
3199:
3194:
3190:
3181:
3177:
3167:
3165:
3150:
3143:
3137:Air Force Times
3131:
3127:
3115:
3104:
3095:Wayback Machine
3086:
3055:
3046:Wayback Machine
3037:
3022:
3012:
3010:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2981:
2977:
2968:Wayback Machine
2958:
2954:
2945:Wayback Machine
2936:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2850:Aviation portal
2848:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2534:Spirit of Texas
2387:
2326:
2259:
2254:
2206:
2129:
2098:
2085:
2049:
2005:509th Bomb Wing
1967:
1961:
1909:412th Test Wing
1883:131st Bomb Wing
1769:509th Bomb Wing
1728:
1640:
1592:
1532:
1515:
1490:
1451:
1381:
1360:
1332:F-117 Nighthawk
1324:Royal Air Force
1301:
1234:
1194:Vice President
1188:
1186:Flight controls
1090:
996:
932:. The B-2 is a
930:nuclear weapons
922:
909:
897:cruise missiles
861:Norton Schwartz
789:processing unit
785:
715:John G. Rowland
702:
649:
596:front companies
573:
565:Vought Aircraft
553:Hughes Aircraft
458:
356:
351:
287:operating costs
160:
158:
155:
96:
80:National origin
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12227:
12217:
12216:
12211:
12206:
12201:
12196:
12191:
12186:
12181:
12176:
12171:
12154:
12153:
12150:
12149:
12147:
12146:
12141:
12139:IAIO Qaher-313
12135:
12133:
12124:
12120:
12119:
12116:
12115:
12113:
12112:
12106:
12104:
12095:
12091:
12090:
12087:
12086:
12084:
12083:
12078:
12072:
12070:
12064:
12063:
12061:
12060:
12054:
12052:
12043:
12039:
12038:
12035:
12034:
12032:
12031:
12025:
12023:
12014:
12010:
12009:
12006:
12005:
12003:
12002:
12000:Airbus Wingman
11997:
11995:EADS Barracuda
11991:
11989:
11983:
11982:
11980:
11979:
11973:
11971:
11965:
11964:
11961:MBB Lampyridae
11959:
11957:
11948:
11944:
11943:
11940:
11939:
11937:
11936:
11934:Airbus Wingman
11931:
11926:
11924:EADS Barracuda
11920:
11918:
11912:
11911:
11909:
11908:
11902:
11900:
11891:
11887:
11886:
11883:
11882:
11880:
11879:
11873:
11871:
11865:
11864:
11862:
11861:
11855:
11853:
11844:
11840:
11839:
11836:
11835:
11833:
11832:
11826:
11824:
11818:
11817:
11815:
11814:
11809:
11803:
11801:
11792:
11788:
11787:
11784:
11783:
11781:
11780:
11774:
11772:
11763:
11759:
11758:
11755:
11754:
11752:
11751:
11745:
11743:
11737:
11736:
11734:
11733:
11727:
11725:
11716:
11712:
11711:
11708:
11707:
11705:
11704:
11698:
11696:
11690:
11689:
11687:
11686:
11680:
11678:
11672:
11671:
11669:
11668:
11663:
11657:
11655:
11646:
11640:
11639:
11636:
11635:
11633:
11632:
11627:
11621:
11619:
11613:
11612:
11610:
11609:
11607:Tupolev PAK DA
11603:
11601:
11595:
11594:
11592:
11591:
11586:
11581:
11576:
11574:Mikoyan PAK DP
11571:
11565:
11563:
11557:
11556:
11554:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11537:
11535:
11526:
11522:
11521:
11518:
11517:
11515:
11514:
11509:
11507:CASC Rainbow-7
11504:
11499:
11494:
11488:
11486:
11480:
11479:
11477:
11476:
11470:
11468:
11462:
11461:
11459:
11458:
11456:Shenyang FC-31
11453:
11447:
11445:
11436:
11432:
11431:
11428:
11427:
11425:
11424:
11418:
11416:
11407:
11403:
11402:
11399:
11398:
11396:
11395:
11390:
11385:
11380:
11375:
11370:
11365:
11359:
11357:
11353:
11352:
11350:
11349:
11344:
11339:
11334:
11329:
11324:
11319:
11314:
11308:
11306:
11300:
11299:
11297:
11296:
11291:
11285:
11283:
11277:
11276:
11274:
11273:
11267:
11265:
11259:
11258:
11256:
11255:
11250:
11244:
11242:
11236:
11235:
11233:
11232:
11230:Northrop YF-23
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11195:Lockheed YF-22
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11162:
11156:
11154:
11145:
11139:
11138:
11133:
11130:
11129:
11121:
11120:
11113:
11106:
11098:
11089:
11088:
11085:
11084:
11082:
11081:
11075:
11073:
11069:
11068:
11066:
11065:
11060:
11054:
11052:
11048:
11047:
11045:
11044:
11039:
11033:
11031:
11024:
11023:Non-sequential
11020:
11019:
11017:
11016:
11011:
11005:
11003:
11002:(1962–current)
10997:
10996:
10994:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10977:
10975:
10969:
10968:
10966:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10894:
10893:
10888:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10847:
10846:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10825:
10824:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10763:
10762:
10757:
10747:
10742:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10716:
10715:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10645:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10575:
10570:
10564:
10562:
10556:
10555:
10552:
10551:
10549:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10532:
10530:
10526:
10525:
10523:
10522:
10517:
10511:
10509:
10505:
10504:
10502:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10456:
10451:
10446:
10441:
10436:
10430:
10428:
10421:
10415:
10414:
10390:
10389:
10382:
10375:
10367:
10358:
10357:
10355:
10354:
10349:
10343:
10341:
10337:
10336:
10334:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10258:
10253:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10218:
10213:
10208:
10203:
10198:
10193:
10188:
10183:
10178:
10173:
10168:
10163:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10138:
10133:
10128:
10123:
10117:
10115:
10111:
10110:
10107:
10106:
10104:
10103:
10098:
10093:
10088:
10083:
10078:
10073:
10068:
10063:
10054:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10024:
10022:
10018:
10017:
10015:
10014:
10009:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9989:
9983:
9981:
9980:Civil aircraft
9977:
9976:
9974:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9958:
9953:
9948:
9943:
9938:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9912:
9910:
9906:
9905:
9903:
9902:
9897:
9892:
9887:
9882:
9877:
9871:
9869:
9865:
9864:
9862:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9836:
9830:
9828:
9824:
9823:
9821:
9820:
9815:
9809:
9807:
9803:
9802:
9800:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9779:
9774:
9769:
9764:
9759:
9758:
9757:
9752:
9744:
9739:
9734:
9729:
9724:
9719:
9714:
9709:
9704:
9699:
9693:
9691:
9684:
9680:
9679:
9677:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9605:
9604:
9599:
9591:
9586:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9561:
9556:
9551:
9546:
9541:
9536:
9531:
9526:
9521:
9516:
9511:
9506:
9501:
9496:
9491:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9466:
9461:
9456:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9381:
9376:
9371:
9366:
9361:
9356:
9351:
9346:
9341:
9336:
9331:
9326:
9321:
9316:
9311:
9306:
9301:
9296:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9231:
9226:
9221:
9216:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9156:
9151:
9146:
9141:
9136:
9131:
9126:
9121:
9116:
9111:
9106:
9101:
9096:
9091:
9086:
9081:
9080:
9079:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8989:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8964:
8959:
8954:
8949:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8904:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8824:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8593:
8586:
8584:
8578:
8577:
8565:
8564:
8557:
8550:
8542:
8533:
8532:
8526:
8523:
8522:
8520:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8484:
8479:
8474:
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8408:
8406:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8398:
8392:
8390:
8384:
8383:
8380:
8379:
8377:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8320:
8318:
8314:
8313:
8311:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8269:
8267:
8263:
8262:
8260:
8259:
8253:
8251:
8247:
8246:
8244:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8217:
8215:
8214:Reconnaissance
8211:
8210:
8208:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8142:
8140:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8132:
8126:
8124:
8120:
8119:
8117:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8085:
8083:
8079:
8078:
8076:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8049:
8047:
8040:
8036:
8035:
8032:
8031:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8007:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7525:
7520:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7463:
7461:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7432:
7430:
7429:'Greek' series
7423:
7417:
7416:
7408:
7407:
7400:
7393:
7385:
7379:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7356:
7345:
7344:External links
7342:
7341:
7340:
7326:
7311:
7296:Sweetman, Bill
7293:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7271:
7266:
7253:
7248:
7235:
7224:
7219:
7206:
7201:
7188:
7169:
7156:
7151:
7138:
7133:
7120:
7115:
7100:
7095:
7078:
7073:
7060:
7048:Air Enthusiast
7043:
7038:
7025:
7020:
7007:
6986:
6971:
6966:
6953:
6948:
6933:
6918:
6913:
6900:
6895:
6882:
6873:
6858:
6847:
6842:
6829:
6824:
6811:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6794:
6763:
6736:
6709:
6686:
6677:
6655:
6643:
6617:
6591:
6564:
6539:
6524:
6502:
6473:
6471:. 13 May 2024.
6457:
6426:
6394:
6363:
6332:
6295:
6264:
6246:
6215:
6200:
6181:Candy Knight.
6170:
6154:Mayer, Daryl.
6147:
6121:
6099:
6083:
6064:
6042:
6024:
5993:
5966:
5954:
5935:
5905:
5901:The New Yorker
5882:
5859:
5836:
5823:
5800:
5788:
5766:
5743:
5731:
5718:
5691:
5679:
5667:
5651:
5624:
5612:
5600:
5558:
5547:Fulghum, D.A.
5540:
5520:
5497:
5488:
5462:
5431:
5412:
5392:
5380:
5371:
5340:
5309:
5270:
5258:
5246:
5215:
5192:
5173:
5153:
5138:
5126:
5104:
5092:
5080:
5058:
5046:
5023:
5004:
4985:
4973:
4954:
4939:
4920:
4900:
4869:
4867:, 14 May 2011.
4847:
4834:Mayer, Daryl.
4827:
4815:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4727:
4715:
4700:
4672:
4649:
4619:
4583:
4568:. p. 76.
4552:
4526:
4502:
4478:
4476:, p. 2282
4466:
4451:
4439:
4397:
4380:
4364:
4351:
4320:
4301:
4270:
4248:
4232:Less, Eloise.
4225:
4208:
4182:
4159:
4133:
4110:
4099:Defense-Update
4088:
4065:
4049:
4034:
4011:
3988:
3965:
3943:
3931:
3919:
3906:
3884:
3882:, 5 June 2008.
3871:
3859:
3828:
3802:
3771:
3748:
3744:MeasuringWorth
3738:United States
3726:MeasuringWorth
3708:
3696:
3683:
3661:
3649:
3636:
3627:
3614:
3592:
3580:
3557:
3542:
3512:
3489:
3470:
3458:
3442:
3419:
3391:
3379:
3363:
3351:
3342:
3330:
3313:joebaugher.com
3300:
3284:
3267:
3265:Goodall 1992,
3255:
3243:
3239:The integrator
3231:
3219:
3197:
3188:
3175:
3141:
3125:
3123:. 13 May 2024.
3102:
3098:U.S. Air Force
3053:
3020:
2988:
2975:
2952:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2858:Northrop YB-49
2854:
2853:
2837:
2834:
2829:Main article:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2755:
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2751:
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2740:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2727:
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2721:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2496:Spirit of Ohio
2493:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2311:
2300:
2289:
2278:
2275:
2252:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2215:Maximum speed:
2204:
2203:
2189:
2186:Fuel capacity:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2114:F/A-18 Hornets
2097:
2094:
2083:Spirit of Ohio
2079:Spirit of Ohio
2048:
2045:
1975:2008 B-2 crash
1963:Main article:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1854:
1853:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1765:
1764:
1727:
1724:
1700:bunker busting
1683:The New Yorker
1639:
1636:
1591:
1588:
1576:carpet-bombing
1531:
1528:
1514:
1511:
1489:
1488:Shelter system
1486:
1481:high frequency
1450:
1447:
1423:titanium alloy
1391:boundary layer
1379:
1368:boundary layer
1359:
1356:
1300:
1297:
1233:
1230:
1187:
1184:
1089:
1086:
1078:cruise missile
1034:-aided bombs (
995:
992:
939:nautical miles
921:
918:
908:
905:
814:B-2 from below
784:
781:
769:Ranking Member
701:
698:
648:
645:
641:Noshir Gowadia
572:
569:
457:
454:
355:
352:
350:
347:
248:air-to-surface
176:Stealth Bomber
166:
165:
152:
148:
147:
146:1 January 1997
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
91:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
65:
61:
60:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12226:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12205:
12202:
12200:
12197:
12195:
12192:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12167:
12166:
12164:
12145:
12142:
12140:
12137:
12136:
12134:
12132:
12128:
12125:
12121:
12111:
12108:
12107:
12105:
12103:
12099:
12096:
12092:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12073:
12071:
12069:
12065:
12059:
12056:
12055:
12053:
12051:
12047:
12044:
12040:
12030:
12027:
12026:
12024:
12022:
12018:
12015:
12011:
12001:
11998:
11996:
11993:
11992:
11990:
11988:
11984:
11978:
11975:
11974:
11972:
11970:
11966:
11962:
11958:
11956:
11952:
11949:
11945:
11935:
11932:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11921:
11919:
11917:
11913:
11907:
11904:
11903:
11901:
11899:
11895:
11892:
11888:
11878:
11875:
11874:
11872:
11870:
11866:
11860:
11857:
11856:
11854:
11852:
11848:
11845:
11841:
11831:
11828:
11827:
11825:
11823:
11819:
11813:
11810:
11808:
11805:
11804:
11802:
11800:
11796:
11793:
11789:
11779:
11776:
11775:
11773:
11771:
11767:
11764:
11760:
11750:
11747:
11746:
11744:
11742:
11738:
11732:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11724:
11720:
11717:
11713:
11703:
11700:
11699:
11697:
11695:
11691:
11685:
11682:
11681:
11679:
11677:
11673:
11667:
11664:
11662:
11659:
11658:
11656:
11654:
11650:
11647:
11641:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11622:
11620:
11618:
11614:
11608:
11605:
11604:
11602:
11600:
11596:
11590:
11587:
11585:
11582:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11570:
11567:
11566:
11564:
11562:
11558:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11544:
11542:
11539:
11538:
11536:
11534:
11530:
11527:
11523:
11513:
11510:
11508:
11505:
11503:
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11489:
11487:
11485:
11481:
11475:
11472:
11471:
11469:
11467:
11463:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11448:
11446:
11444:
11440:
11437:
11433:
11423:
11420:
11419:
11417:
11415:
11411:
11408:
11404:
11394:
11391:
11389:
11386:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11360:
11358:
11354:
11348:
11345:
11343:
11340:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11309:
11307:
11305:
11301:
11295:
11292:
11290:
11287:
11286:
11284:
11282:
11278:
11272:
11269:
11268:
11266:
11264:
11260:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11245:
11243:
11241:
11237:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11157:
11155:
11153:
11149:
11146:
11140:
11136:
11131:
11127:
11119:
11114:
11112:
11107:
11105:
11100:
11099:
11096:
11080:
11077:
11076:
11074:
11070:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11055:
11053:
11049:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11034:
11032:
11028:
11025:
11021:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11006:
11004:
10998:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10978:
10976:
10970:
10964:
10961:
10959:
10956:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10883:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10845:
10842:
10841:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10823:
10820:
10819:
10818:
10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10778:
10775:
10773:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10752:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10714:
10711:
10710:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10565:
10563:
10559:Main sequence
10557:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10533:
10531:
10527:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10512:
10510:
10508:Medium bomber
10506:
10500:
10497:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10455:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10445:
10442:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10431:
10429:
10425:
10422:
10416:
10411:
10407:
10403:
10399:
10395:
10388:
10383:
10381:
10376:
10374:
10369:
10368:
10365:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10347:Leroy Grumman
10345:
10344:
10342:
10338:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10244:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10222:
10219:
10217:
10214:
10212:
10209:
10207:
10204:
10202:
10201:Gulfstream II
10199:
10197:
10194:
10192:
10189:
10187:
10184:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10159:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10127:
10124:
10122:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10112:
10102:
10099:
10097:
10094:
10092:
10089:
10087:
10084:
10082:
10079:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10058:
10055:
10053:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10025:
10023:
10019:
10013:
10012:Gulfstream II
10010:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9984:
9982:
9978:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9913:
9911:
9907:
9901:
9898:
9896:
9893:
9891:
9888:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9873:
9872:
9870:
9866:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9831:
9829:
9827:Attack/Patrol
9825:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9810:
9808:
9804:
9798:
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9783:
9780:
9778:
9775:
9773:
9770:
9768:
9765:
9763:
9760:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9747:
9745:
9743:
9740:
9738:
9735:
9733:
9730:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9694:
9692:
9688:
9685:
9681:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9603:
9600:
9598:
9595:
9594:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9562:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9550:
9547:
9545:
9542:
9540:
9537:
9535:
9532:
9530:
9527:
9525:
9522:
9520:
9517:
9515:
9512:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9135:
9132:
9130:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9120:
9117:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9087:
9085:
9082:
9078:
9075:
9074:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8923:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8703:
8700:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8658:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:(floats only)
8597:
8594:
8592:(floats only)
8591:
8588:
8587:
8585:
8579:
8574:
8570:
8563:
8558:
8556:
8551:
8549:
8544:
8543:
8540:
8530:
8524:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8403:
8397:
8394:
8393:
8391:
8385:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8321:
8319:
8315:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
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8289:
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8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8264:
8258:
8255:
8254:
8252:
8248:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8218:
8216:
8212:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8147:
8144:
8143:
8141:
8137:
8131:
8128:
8127:
8125:
8121:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8086:
8084:
8080:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8050:
8048:
8044:
8041:
8037:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8004:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7471:
7468:
7467:
7466:
7462:
7458:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7433:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7418:
7413:
7406:
7401:
7399:
7394:
7392:
7387:
7386:
7383:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7363:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7351:
7348:
7347:
7338:
7337:0-8317-9558-1
7334:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7323:1-84013-640-5
7320:
7316:
7312:
7309:
7308:0-7603-0627-3
7305:
7301:
7297:
7294:
7291:
7290:0-8317-1404-2
7287:
7283:
7279:
7278:
7269:
7263:
7259:
7254:
7251:
7245:
7241:
7236:
7233:
7229:
7225:
7222:
7216:
7212:
7207:
7204:
7198:
7194:
7189:
7185:
7179:
7172:
7166:
7162:
7157:
7154:
7148:
7144:
7139:
7136:
7130:
7126:
7121:
7118:
7112:
7108:
7107:
7101:
7098:
7092:
7087:
7086:
7079:
7076:
7070:
7066:
7061:
7058:
7054:
7050:
7049:
7044:
7041:
7035:
7031:
7026:
7023:
7017:
7013:
7008:
7001:
6994:
6993:
6987:
6984:
6983:0-87938-609-6
6980:
6976:
6972:
6969:
6963:
6959:
6954:
6951:
6945:
6941:
6940:
6934:
6931:
6930:1-904687-84-9
6927:
6923:
6919:
6916:
6910:
6906:
6901:
6898:
6892:
6888:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6871:
6870:1-85109-490-3
6867:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6855:0-76031-512-4
6852:
6848:
6845:
6839:
6835:
6830:
6827:
6821:
6817:
6812:
6809:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6767:
6751:
6747:
6740:
6724:
6720:
6713:
6706:
6702:
6698:
6695:
6690:
6681:
6674:
6671:
6667:
6664:
6659:
6652:
6647:
6631:
6627:
6621:
6605:
6601:
6595:
6579:
6575:
6568:
6553:
6549:
6543:
6536:
6531:
6529:
6521:
6518:
6514:
6511:
6506:
6499:
6496:
6492:
6489:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6470:
6466:
6461:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6430:
6414:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6398:
6382:
6378:
6374:
6367:
6351:
6347:
6343:
6336:
6317:
6313:
6306:
6299:
6283:
6279:
6275:
6268:
6260:
6256:
6250:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6219:
6212:
6211:
6204:
6188:
6184:
6177:
6175:
6167:
6166:wpafb.af.mil.
6164:
6160:
6157:
6151:
6144:
6141:
6137:
6134:
6128:
6126:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6103:
6096:
6093:
6087:
6080:
6076:
6073:
6068:
6061:
6058:
6054:
6051:
6046:
6039:
6038:Aviation Week
6036:
6031:
6029:
6012:
6008:
6004:
5997:
5981:
5977:
5970:
5963:
5958:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5939:
5923:
5919:
5915:
5909:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5886:
5879:
5876:
5872:
5869:
5863:
5856:
5853:
5849:
5846:
5840:
5833:
5827:
5820:
5819:Aviation Week
5817:
5813:
5810:
5804:
5797:
5792:
5785:
5782:
5778:
5775:
5770:
5763:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5747:
5741:, p. 178
5740:
5735:
5728:
5722:
5706:
5702:
5695:
5689:, p. 398
5688:
5683:
5676:
5671:
5664:
5661:
5655:
5639:
5635:
5628:
5621:
5616:
5609:
5604:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5578:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5563:
5555:
5554:
5550:
5544:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5524:
5517:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5504:Lewis, Paul.
5501:
5492:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5435:
5419:
5415:
5409:
5405:
5404:
5396:
5389:
5384:
5375:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5344:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5313:
5294:
5290:
5283:
5277:
5275:
5267:
5262:
5255:
5250:
5234:
5230:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5196:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5166:
5165:
5157:
5150:
5145:
5143:
5135:
5130:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5108:
5101:
5096:
5090:, p. 397
5089:
5084:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5062:
5053:
5051:
5043:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5030:Page, Lewis.
5027:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4997:
4996:
4989:
4983:, p. 118
4982:
4977:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4958:
4951:
4950:Sweetman 2005
4946:
4944:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4913:
4912:
4904:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4863:
4859:
4856:
4851:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4831:
4824:
4819:
4812:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4783:
4778:
4772:, p. 201
4771:
4766:
4759:
4754:
4748:, p. 177
4747:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4732:
4725:, p. 398
4724:
4719:
4712:
4707:
4705:
4696:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4679:
4677:
4669:
4666:
4662:
4659:
4653:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4626:
4624:
4604:
4600:
4593:
4587:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4556:
4540:
4536:
4530:
4523:
4522:Military Heat
4519:
4515:
4512:
4506:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4482:
4475:
4470:
4464:, p. 466
4463:
4458:
4456:
4448:
4447:Sweetman 2005
4443:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4394:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4361:
4355:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4324:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4274:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4252:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4229:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4205:
4204:uasvision.com
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4186:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4163:
4156:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4140:
4138:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4092:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4069:
4062:
4061:Aviation Week
4059:
4053:
4046:
4043:
4038:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4015:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3992:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3969:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3940:
3935:
3928:
3923:
3916:
3915:Defense Daily
3910:
3903:
3902:FactCheck.org
3900:
3896:
3893:
3888:
3881:
3875:
3869:, p. 168
3868:
3867:Sorenson 1995
3863:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3752:
3745:
3741:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3715:
3713:
3705:
3700:
3693:
3687:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3665:
3658:
3653:
3646:
3640:
3631:
3624:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3596:
3589:
3584:
3577:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3561:
3554:
3551:
3546:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3516:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3474:
3465:
3463:
3455:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3383:
3376:
3373:
3367:
3361:, p. 339
3360:
3355:
3346:
3339:
3334:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3281:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3252:
3247:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3192:
3185:
3179:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3146:
3138:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3008:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2985:
2979:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2962:
2956:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2910:
2906:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2869:Related lists
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2840:
2832:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2380:
2379:Busch Stadium
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2349:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2249:
2247:
2246:Thrust/weight
2243:
2240:
2239:Wing loading:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2221:Cruise speed:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:Gross weight:
2172:
2169:
2168:Empty weight:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2119:
2118:Super Hornets
2115:
2110:
2102:
2093:
2091:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2065:
2058:
2053:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1754:
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1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1524:
1521:A B-2 during
1519:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1443:aircraft skin
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:sound barrier
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:Northrop X-21
1396:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1369:
1364:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
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1325:
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1238:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1172:thunderstorms
1169:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1155:optical fiber
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:MIL-STD-1750A
1140:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1075:AGM-158 JASSM
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:Mark 84 bombs
1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1000:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
971:
969:
964:
960:
955:
954:manufacturing
951:
946:
944:
940:
935:
931:
927:
913:
904:
902:
898:
892:
888:
885:
881:
879:
874:
868:
866:
862:
856:
851:
849:
844:
840:
836:
832:
827:
825:
821:
812:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
780:
778:
774:
770:
765:
763:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
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724:
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712:
708:
697:
693:
689:
687:
681:
679:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
644:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
622:
621:
620:Aviation Week
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
585:black project
577:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
532:
530:
529:Hal Markarian
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
507:and Lockheed/
506:
502:
498:
497:black project
489:
485:
483:
479:
475:
474:Ronald Reagan
471:
467:
463:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
421:
419:
418:
413:
409:
405:
404:Lockheed A-12
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
346:
344:
340:
336:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
299:
296:
292:
291:U.S. Congress
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:, equipment,
272:
268:
263:
259:
254:
252:
249:
245:
241:
238:
235:
231:
227:
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137:
133:
128:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
90:
86:
83:United States
82:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
62:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
12184:Flying wings
12144:HESA Shafaq
11955:Experimental
11723:Experimental
11653:Experimental
11625:Mikoyan Skat
11579:Sukhoi Su-57
11569:Mikoyan LMFS
11546:Sukhoi Su-47
11533:Experimental
11492:Hongdu GJ-11
11451:Chengdu J-20
11288:
11152:Experimental
10529:Heavy bomber
10427:Light bomber
10352:Jake Swirbul
10270:
10196:Gulfstream I
10191:Gulfhawk III
10007:Gulfstream I
9961:U-16/JR2F/UF
9868:Recon/Scouts
9812:
8583:designations
8581:Manufacturer
8506:
8427:Black Bullet
8317:Experimental
8113:
7464:
7422:designations
7420:Manufacturer
7328:
7314:
7299:
7281:
7257:
7239:
7210:
7192:
7160:
7142:
7124:
7105:
7084:
7064:
7046:
7029:
7011:
7000:the original
6991:
6974:
6957:
6938:
6921:
6904:
6886:
6877:
6861:
6833:
6815:
6807:
6799:Bibliography
6785:. Retrieved
6776:
6766:
6754:. Retrieved
6739:
6727:. Retrieved
6712:
6704:
6689:
6680:
6672:
6658:
6646:
6634:. Retrieved
6620:
6608:. Retrieved
6594:
6582:. Retrieved
6567:
6555:. Retrieved
6551:
6542:
6537:, Appendix A
6519:
6505:
6497:
6468:
6460:
6448:. Retrieved
6439:
6429:
6417:. Retrieved
6406:
6397:
6385:. Retrieved
6376:
6366:
6354:. Retrieved
6345:
6335:
6323:. Retrieved
6316:the original
6311:
6298:
6286:. Retrieved
6277:
6267:
6259:the original
6249:
6237:. Retrieved
6229:FlightGlobal
6228:
6218:
6208:
6203:
6191:. Retrieved
6187:the original
6165:
6150:
6142:
6117:US Air Force
6116:
6102:
6095:US Air Force
6094:
6086:
6067:
6059:
6045:
6037:
6015:. Retrieved
6007:The Atlantic
6006:
5996:
5984:. Retrieved
5978:. Fox News.
5969:
5957:
5938:
5926:. Retrieved
5917:
5908:
5900:
5885:
5877:
5862:
5857:, July 2011.
5854:
5839:
5826:
5818:
5803:
5791:
5783:
5769:
5761:
5746:
5734:
5726:
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5705:the original
5694:
5682:
5670:
5663:US Air Force
5662:
5654:
5642:. Retrieved
5638:the original
5627:
5622:, p. 73
5615:
5610:, p. 66
5603:
5591:. Retrieved
5580:
5551:
5543:
5523:
5515:
5500:
5491:
5479:. Retrieved
5475:the original
5465:
5453:. Retrieved
5444:
5434:
5422:. Retrieved
5402:
5395:
5390:, p. 21
5383:
5374:
5362:. Retrieved
5353:
5343:
5331:. Retrieved
5322:
5312:
5300:. Retrieved
5288:
5268:, p. 57
5261:
5249:
5237:. Retrieved
5228:
5218:
5210:
5195:
5183:. Retrieved
5163:
5156:
5149:Chudoba 2001
5136:, p. 76
5134:Chudoba 2001
5129:
5121:
5107:
5095:
5083:
5075:
5061:
5042:The Register
5041:
5026:
5014:. Retrieved
4994:
4988:
4976:
4957:
4952:, p. 73
4930:. Retrieved
4910:
4903:
4891:. Retrieved
4887:the original
4882:
4872:
4864:
4850:
4830:
4825:, p. 13
4818:
4810:
4777:
4765:
4753:
4718:
4713:, p. 39
4695:the original
4690:The Atlantic
4688:
4667:
4652:
4644:the original
4639:
4635:
4610:. Retrieved
4586:
4574:. Retrieved
4565:
4555:
4543:. Retrieved
4529:
4521:
4505:
4497:
4481:
4469:
4442:
4430:. Retrieved
4421:
4354:
4323:
4314:
4304:
4292:. Retrieved
4288:the original
4283:
4273:
4265:the original
4260:
4251:
4243:
4228:
4221:Defense News
4220:
4211:
4203:
4199:
4185:
4177:
4162:
4154:
4131:, July 2010.
4128:
4113:
4098:
4091:
4083:
4068:
4060:
4052:
4045:US Air Force
4044:
4037:
4029:
4014:
4006:
3991:
3983:
3968:
3960:
3946:
3938:
3934:
3926:
3922:
3914:
3909:
3901:
3887:
3879:
3874:
3862:
3850:. Retrieved
3841:
3831:
3823:
3793:. Retrieved
3789:the original
3785:The DEW Line
3784:
3774:
3767:The Atlantic
3766:
3755:Axe, David.
3751:
3743:
3730:. Retrieved
3724:
3703:
3699:
3691:
3686:
3678:
3664:
3656:
3652:
3645:Defense Week
3644:
3639:
3630:
3622:
3617:
3602:
3595:
3583:
3576:The Telegram
3575:
3560:
3553:FBI Honolulu
3552:
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3524:
3515:
3507:
3492:
3483:
3473:
3453:
3445:
3437:
3422:
3410:. Retrieved
3406:the original
3400:
3394:
3382:
3374:
3366:
3354:
3345:
3340:, p. 13
3333:
3321:. Retrieved
3312:
3303:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3222:
3214:
3200:
3191:
3183:
3178:
3166:. Retrieved
3157:
3136:
3128:
3120:
3097:
3048:
3011:. Retrieved
3000:
2997:"B-2 Spirit"
2991:
2983:
2978:
2970:
2955:
2947:
2909:
2868:
2867:
2805:
2786:
2767:
2748:
2729:
2710:
2691:
2669:
2650:
2628:
2609:
2590:
2571:
2552:
2533:
2514:
2495:
2476:
2457:
2438:
2419:
2402:Formal name
2371:Gateway Arch
2351:
2341:Andersen AFB
2335:sits on the
2332:
2255:
2253:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2207:
2205:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2090:Fire and Ice
2089:
2082:
2078:
2075:Dayton, Ohio
2068:
2061:
2041:
2031:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2018:
1996:
1981:
1979:
1936:
1925:1997–present
1899:
1873:
1809:
1798:1993–present
1789:2005–present
1759:
1750:
1749:
1712:Sirte, Libya
1709:
1705:
1681:
1679:
1668:
1657:
1647:
1631:RAF Fairford
1615:Diego Garcia
1608:
1604:
1593:
1556:
1535:
1533:
1507:RAF Fairford
1491:
1474:
1452:
1427:afterburners
1384:
1373:
1343:
1321:
1302:
1289:light sensor
1282:
1243:
1226:
1205:
1200:Whiteman AFB
1159:
1147:MIL-STD-1553
1135:
1126:Andersen AFB
1091:
1044:
1021:
1005:
972:
947:
923:
893:
889:
877:
869:
858:
853:
843:The Pentagon
835:interdiction
828:
817:
786:
767:In 1997, as
766:
758:
739:
727:
713:(R-OH), and
703:
694:
690:
682:
678:flyaway cost
650:
637:Soviet Union
630:
618:
608:
589:
582:
533:
494:
465:
462:Jimmy Carter
459:
429:
422:
415:
381:
357:
339:a 2008 crash
332:
300:
275:retrofitting
255:
226:conventional
175:
171:
169:
151:First flight
135:Manufactured
122:Number built
112:Primary user
89:Manufacturer
74:heavy bomber
36:
12094:South Korea
12058:TAI TF Kaan
11830:DRDO Ghatak
11180:Boeing X-45
11175:Boeing X-32
10974:(1935–1936)
10561:(1930–1962)
10420:(1924–1930)
10410:Tri-Service
10281:Switchblade
10276:Super Tiger
10226:Joint STARS
10171:Global Hawk
10101:Switchblade
8432:Black Widow
8185:CF-5/CF-116
7106:Skunk Works
6787:15 December
6572:Dan Petty.
6469:Defense One
6419:22 December
6387:17 December
6356:13 December
6325:13 December
6288:13 December
6193:21 December
6143:pncguam.com
6131:jeremigio.
5928:21 December
5918:India Today
5739:Tucker 2010
5675:Tucker 2010
5527:Hart, Jim.
5481:21 February
5455:16 December
5364:21 November
5333:16 November
4995:Air Warfare
4746:Tucker 2010
4711:Tucker 2010
4432:9 September
4340:PDF version
4284:dodbuzz.com
3732:30 November
3535:5 September
3338:Donald 2003
3253:, p. 7
3168:17 December
2208:Performance
2192:Powerplant:
1720:MQ-9 Reaper
1609:During the
1596:Afghanistan
1437:as well as
1328:Avro Vulcan
1305:flying wing
1221:pitot tubes
1212:fly-by-wire
1208:flying wing
1196:Dick Cheney
1174:, to avoid
1141:-resistant
1114:SM-62 Snark
1059:GATOR mines
1017:AGM-129 ACM
980:sleep cycle
934:flying wing
901:B-21 Raider
797:legacy code
793:fiber optic
777:Ron Dellums
723:John McCain
721:(D-NE) and
711:John Kasich
707:Ron Dellums
513:flying wing
456:ATB program
446:fly-by-wire
349:Development
324:Afghanistan
271:spare parts
267:procurement
262:B-1A bomber
202:flying wing
18:B-2A Spirit
12163:Categories
12081:TAI Anka-3
10166:Fire Scout
9314:G-215 (II)
8527:See also:
8517:Tigershark
8364:Tacit Blue
8266:Transports
8063:A-17/Nomad
8006:'P' series
7460:'N' series
7232:1610606892
6653:, Appendix
6557:27 October
5424:19 October
5302:15 October
5254:Siuru 1993
5239:5 November
5185:19 October
5016:19 October
4981:Siuru 1993
4932:19 October
4823:Evans 2004
4576:27 October
4498:Infoplease
4462:Boyne 2002
4393:Spick 2000
3603:c-span.org
3412:5 February
3359:Spick 2000
3323:12 January
2921:References
2818:Cancelled
2396:Block No.
2162:Wing area:
1847:Nellis AFB
1740:Point Mugu
1734:In a 1994
1688:Abbottabad
1567:Yugoslavia
1559:Kosovo War
1435:sonic boom
1098:AN/APQ-181
1061:, and the
742:John Kerry
700:Opposition
545:classified
517:Senior Peg
438:Tacit Blue
316:Kosovo War
161:1989-07-17
107:In service
42:B-2 Spirit
11474:Xian H-20
11406:Australia
10266:Skyrocket
10181:Greyhound
10126:Albatross
9956:OA-14/J4F
9772:F11F/F-11
9674:Model 400
9309:G-215 (I)
7057:0143-5450
6756:7 October
6729:7 October
6651:Pace 1999
6535:Pace 1999
6346:The Drive
6060:USA Today
5620:Pace 1999
5608:Pace 1999
5388:Rich 1994
3588:Pace 1999
3280:Pace 1999
2399:USAF s/n
2367:St. Louis
2200:turbofans
2150:Wingspan:
2124:Data from
2064:air shows
2013:hull loss
1931:1992–1997
1868:2003–2005
1843:57th Wing
1825:, Florida
1819:53rd Wing
1804:1996–2018
1779:(18 B-2s)
1726:Operators
1652:Dyess AFB
1449:Materials
731:Les Aspin
673:prototype
600:polygraph
466:Have Blue
430:Have Blue
417:Have Blue
382:In 1974,
191:penetrate
138:1987–2000
71:strategic
12194:Quadjets
12131:Fighters
12102:Fighters
12050:Fighters
12021:Fighters
11969:Fighters
11898:Fighters
11851:Fighters
11807:HAL AMCA
11799:Fighters
11770:Fighters
11741:Fighters
11676:Fighters
11561:Fighters
11443:Fighters
11356:Programs
11240:Fighters
10296:Tigercat
10216:Intruder
10186:Guardian
10161:Firebird
10096:Firebird
9755:-6 to -8
9750:-1 to -5
9690:Fighters
8575:aircraft
8497:Scorpion
8492:Reporter
8387:Aircraft
8250:Trainers
8139:Fighters
7412:Northrop
7362:Archived
7178:citation
6781:Archived
6750:Archived
6723:Archived
6697:Archived
6666:Archived
6630:Archived
6604:Archived
6578:Archived
6513:Archived
6491:Archived
6444:Archived
6413:Archived
6381:Archived
6350:Archived
6282:Archived
6239:27 March
6233:Archived
6159:Archived
6136:Archived
6110:Archived
6075:Archived
6053:Archived
6011:Archived
5980:Archived
5946:Archived
5922:Archived
5894:Archived
5878:BBC News
5871:Archived
5848:Archived
5812:Archived
5784:BBC News
5777:Archived
5755:Archived
5587:Archived
5532:Archived
5509:Archived
5449:Archived
5418:Archived
5358:Archived
5327:Archived
5293:Archived
5233:Archived
5204:Archived
5179:Archived
5115:Archived
5076:Raytheon
5069:Archived
5035:Archived
5010:Archived
4965:Archived
4926:Archived
4893:22 April
4858:Archived
4839:Archived
4804:Archived
4661:Archived
4603:Archived
4570:Archived
4539:Archived
4514:Archived
4490:Archived
4426:Archived
4343:Archived
4332:Archived
4237:Archived
4193:Archived
4171:Archived
4148:Archived
4122:Archived
4103:Archived
4077:Archived
4023:Archived
3999:Archived
3977:Archived
3954:Archived
3895:Archived
3852:13 April
3846:Archived
3817:Archived
3760:Archived
3746:series.
3672:Archived
3607:Archived
3569:Archived
3529:Archived
3501:Archived
3431:Archived
3317:Archived
3208:Archived
3162:Archived
3091:Archived
3042:Archived
3007:Archived
2964:Archived
2941:Archived
2836:See also
2676:Plant 42
2256:Armament
1777:Missouri
1692:Pakistan
1611:Iraq War
1580:Gulf War
1544:Missouri
1493:through
1467:graphite
1358:Infrared
1336:faceting
1293:contrail
1254:infrared
1250:acoustic
976:camp bed
926:ordnance
920:Overview
719:Jim Exon
709:(D-CA),
657:Cold War
557:Raytheon
509:Rockwell
400:Lockheed
392:Northrop
364:airframe
312:ordnance
295:Cold War
206:Northrop
199:subsonic
11947:Germany
11645:Kingdom
11599:Bombers
11466:Bombers
11281:Bombers
10412:systems
10331:Widgeon
10326:Wildcat
10311:Tracker
10286:Tadpole
10256:Prowler
10251:Pegasus
10246:Panther
10236:Mallard
10211:Hellcat
10206:Hawkeye
10141:Bearcat
10131:Avenger
10114:By name
10002:Tadpole
9987:Mallard
9806:Bombers
9797:NATF-23
9777:F11F-1F
9683:By role
8569:Grumman
8482:Pioneer
8452:Dervish
8389:engines
8082:Bombers
8039:By role
6705:fas.org
6673:fas.org
6636:11 June
6610:7 April
6600:"JASSM"
6584:7 April
5727:The Age
5711:14 June
5644:12 June
5593:24 June
4612:15 June
4545:29 July
4294:25 June
3961:fas.org
3401:YouTube
3013:14 July
2984:Stealth
2802:93-1088
2783:93-1087
2764:93-1086
2745:93-1085
2726:92-0700
2707:90-0041
2688:90-0040
2666:89-0129
2647:89-0128
2635:crashed
2625:89-0127
2606:88-0332
2587:88-0331
2568:88-0330
2549:88-0329
2530:88-0328
2511:82-1071
2508:Test/30
2492:82-1070
2489:Test/20
2473:82-1069
2470:Test/30
2454:82-1068
2451:Test/30
2435:82-1067
2432:Test/30
2416:82-1066
2413:Test/30
2308:AGM-158
2304:AGM-154
2156:Height:
2144:Length:
1744:Mark 82
1650:at the
1619:sorties
1563:targets
1441:of the
1403:nozzles
1246:stealth
1232:Stealth
1163:Link-16
1071:bunkers
1047:Mark 82
1025:APQ-181
984:fatigue
943:refuels
771:of the
442:Area 51
360:stealth
354:Origins
314:in the
283:capital
279:project
208:(later
187:stealth
159: (
130:History
68:Stealth
12042:Turkey
12013:Sweden
11843:France
11643:United
11525:Russia
11368:F/A-XX
11263:Attack
11144:States
11142:United
11063:FB-111
10891:RB-57F
10886:RB-57D
10760:NB-36H
10340:People
10321:Triton
10316:Trader
10306:Tracer
10301:Tomcat
10271:Spirit
10261:Raider
10241:Mohawk
10231:Kitten
10221:Jaguar
10146:Cougar
10121:Ag Cat
10043:EF-111
10021:Others
9997:Kitten
9992:Ag Cat
9916:UC-103
9787:F-111B
9669:G-1159
9664:G-1128
9593:G-680
8507:Spirit
8487:Raider
8472:Hornet
8442:Chukar
8437:Boojum
8417:Bantam
8344:MX-334
8339:MX-324
8303:YC-125
8123:Drones
8046:Attack
7335:
7321:
7306:
7288:
7264:
7246:
7230:
7217:
7199:
7167:
7149:
7131:
7113:
7093:
7071:
7055:
7036:
7018:
6981:
6964:
6946:
6928:
6911:
6893:
6868:
6853:
6840:
6822:
6663:"B-2."
6450:22 May
6017:2 July
5986:2 July
5410:
5171:
5002:
4918:
4261:af.mil
3795:1 July
2377:, and
2315:GBU-57
2286:GBU-31
2272:GBU-38
2227:Range:
1851:Nevada
1463:carbon
1258:visual
1202:, 2006
1151:busses
1132:, 2004
1015:; the
907:Design
801:JOVIAL
563:, and
549:Boeing
505:Boeing
501:Aurora
375:, and
326:, and
222:Vought
220:, and
218:Hughes
214:Boeing
193:dense
104:Status
11890:Spain
11791:India
11762:Italy
11715:Japan
11512:FL-71
11435:China
11072:Other
11058:FB-22
10991:BLR-3
10986:BLR-2
10981:BLR-1
10844:B-50C
10822:B-47C
10755:B-36G
10713:B-29D
10499:LB-14
10494:LB-13
10489:LB-12
10484:LB-11
10479:LB-10
10402:USAAF
10398:USAAC
10394:USAAS
10291:Tiger
10176:Goose
10086:X-47C
10081:X-47B
10076:X-47A
10066:Q-180
9951:OA-13
9931:OA-12
9782:G-118
9767:XF10F
9732:XP-65
9722:XP-50
9659:G-870
9654:G-755
9649:G-754
9644:G-744
9639:G-730
9634:G-728
9629:G-723
9624:G-712
9619:G-711
9614:G-704
9609:G-698
9589:G-674
9584:G-636
9579:G-623
9574:G-618
9569:G-613
9564:G-612
9559:G-607
9554:G-550
9549:G-532
9544:G-518
9539:G-516
9534:G-511
9529:G-487
9524:G-486
9519:G-484
9514:G-467
9509:G-450
9504:G-436
9499:G-431
9494:G-429
9489:G-426
9484:G-413
9479:G-399
9474:G-391
9469:G-378
9464:G-376
9459:G-371
9454:G-359
9449:G-356
9444:G-344
9439:G-342
9434:G-341
9429:G-340
9424:G-333
9419:G-327
9414:G-315
9409:G-310
9404:G-306
9399:G-305
9394:G-303
9389:G-300
9384:G-296
9379:G-288
9374:G-283
9369:G-279
9364:G-273
9359:G-270
9354:G-262
9349:G-251
9344:G-244
9339:G-242
9334:G-235
9329:G-234
9324:G-231
9319:G-226
9304:G-214
9299:G-211
9294:G-191
9289:G-170
9284:G-165
9279:G-164
9274:G-159
9269:G-154
9264:G-143
9259:G-142
9254:G-137
9249:G-134
9244:G-132
9239:G-130
9234:G-129
9229:G-128
9224:G-127
9219:G-126
9214:G-125
9209:G-124
9204:G-123
9199:G-122
9194:G-121
9189:G-120
9184:G-119
9179:G-118
9174:G-117
9169:G-116
9164:G-115
9159:G-114
9154:G-113
9149:G-112
9144:G-111
9139:G-110
9134:G-109
9129:G-108
9124:G-107
9119:G-106
9114:G-105
9109:G-104
9104:G-103
9099:G-102
9094:G-101
9089:G-100
8512:Talon
8502:Snark
8477:Nomad
8467:Gamma
8447:Delta
8412:Alpha
8405:Names
8359:HL-10
8354:M2-F3
8349:M2-F2
8298:C-100
8288:Delta
8283:Gamma
8273:Alpha
8241:N-204
8236:N-165
8226:RF-61
8205:YF-23
8195:F-18L
8190:YF-17
8161:XP-79
8151:XP-56
8094:YB-49
8089:YB-35
8068:N-3PB
8058:XA-16
8053:YA-13
7997:N-381
7992:N-370
7987:N-353
7982:N-330
7977:N-322
7972:N-321
7967:N-320
7962:N-311
7957:N-307
7952:N-306
7947:N-305
7942:N-304
7937:N-303
7932:N-302
7927:N-301
7922:N-300
7917:N-285
7912:N-267
7907:N-251
7902:N-250
7897:N-205
7892:N-204
7887:N-165
7882:N-156
7877:N-155
7872:N-151
7867:N-150
7862:N-149
7857:N-144
7852:N-141
7847:N-138
7842:N-135
7837:N-134
7832:N-133
7827:N-132
7822:N-124
7817:N-117
7812:N-112
7807:N-111
7802:N-110
7797:N-105
7792:N-103
7787:N-102
7578:N-25A
7451:Delta
7446:Gamma
7436:Alpha
7003:(PDF)
6996:(PDF)
6319:(PDF)
6308:(PDF)
5296:(PDF)
5285:(PDF)
4606:(PDF)
4595:(PDF)
4084:Janes
2901:Notes
2796:AV-21
2777:AV-20
2758:AV-19
2739:AV-18
2720:AV-17
2701:AV-16
2682:AV-15
2660:AV-14
2641:AV-13
2619:AV-12
2600:AV-11
2581:AV-10
2282:Mk-84
2268:Mk-82
2250:0.205
2138:Crew:
2086:'
2073:near
1738:near
1638:2010s
1590:2000s
1530:1990s
1299:Radar
1217:pitot
963:YB-49
959:YB-35
555:(now
525:YB-49
521:YB-35
434:F-117
425:DARPA
408:SR-71
384:DARPA
368:radar
328:Libya
234:Mk 82
180:heavy
12123:Iran
12068:UAVs
11987:UAVs
11916:UAVs
11869:UAVs
11822:UAVs
11694:UAVs
11617:UAVs
11484:UAVs
11414:UAVs
11304:UAVs
11185:F-19
11079:B-21
11042:B-26
11037:B-20
10963:B-71
10958:B-70
10953:B-69
10948:B-68
10943:B-67
10938:B-66
10933:B-65
10928:B-64
10923:B-63
10918:B-62
10913:B-61
10908:B-60
10903:B-59
10898:B-58
10881:B-57
10876:B-56
10871:B-55
10866:B-54
10861:B-53
10856:B-52
10851:B-51
10839:B-50
10834:B-49
10829:B-48
10817:B-47
10812:B-46
10807:B-45
10802:B-44
10797:B-43
10792:B-42
10787:B-41
10782:B-40
10777:B-39
10772:B-38
10767:B-37
10750:B-36
10745:B-35
10740:B-34
10735:B-33
10730:B-32
10725:B-31
10720:B-30
10708:B-29
10703:B-28
10698:B-27
10693:B-26
10688:B-25
10683:B-24
10678:B-23
10673:B-22
10668:B-21
10663:B-20
10658:B-19
10653:B-18
10648:B-17
10643:B-16
10638:B-15
10633:B-14
10628:B-13
10623:B-12
10618:B-11
10613:B-10
10546:HB-3
10541:HB-2
10536:HB-1
10474:LB-9
10469:LB-8
10464:LB-7
10459:LB-6
10454:LB-5
10449:LB-4
10444:LB-3
10439:LB-2
10434:LB-1
10406:USAF
10156:Fifi
10151:Duck
10071:X-29
10038:E-10
9946:OA-9
9895:EA-6
9890:OV-1
9880:XSBF
9844:TB2F
9839:XTSF
9818:B-21
9792:F-14
9746:F9F
9717:XF5F
9084:G-99
9072:G-98
9067:G-97
9062:G-96
9057:G-95
9052:G-94
9047:G-93
9042:G-92
9037:G-91
9032:G-90
9027:G-89
9022:G-88
9017:G-87
9012:G-86
9007:G-85
9002:G-84
8997:G-83
8992:G-82
8987:G-81
8982:G-80
8977:G-79
8972:G-78
8967:G-77
8962:G-76
8957:G-75
8952:G-74
8947:G-73
8942:G-72
8937:G-71
8932:G-70
8927:G-69
8922:G-68
8917:G-67
8912:G-66
8907:G-65
8902:G-64
8897:G-63
8892:G-62
8887:G-61
8882:G-60
8877:G-59
8872:G-58
8867:G-57
8862:G-56
8857:G-55
8852:G-54
8847:G-53
8842:G-52
8837:G-51
8832:G-50
8827:G-49
8822:G-48
8817:G-47
8812:G-46
8807:G-45
8802:G-44
8797:G-43
8792:G-42
8787:G-41
8782:G-40
8777:G-39
8772:G-38
8767:G-37
8762:G-36
8757:G-35
8752:G-34
8747:G-33
8742:G-32
8737:G-31
8732:G-30
8727:G-29
8722:G-27
8717:G-26
8712:G-25
8707:G-24
8702:G-23
8697:G-22
8692:G-21
8687:G-20
8682:G-19
8677:G-18
8672:G-17
8667:G-16
8662:G-15
8657:G-14
8652:G-13
8647:G-12
8642:G-11
8637:G-10
8571:and
8529:TR-3
8457:Fang
8422:Beta
8396:XT37
8374:X-21
8334:JB-1
8329:N-9M
8324:N-1M
8293:C-19
8278:Beta
8257:T-38
8231:RF-5
8221:F-15
8200:F-20
8166:F-89
8156:P-61
8099:B-62
8073:YA-9
8027:P630
8022:P610
8017:P600
8012:P530
7782:N-96
7777:N-94
7772:N-87
7767:N-86
7762:N-84
7757:N-82
7752:N-81
7747:N-74
7742:N-73
7737:N-72
7732:N-71
7727:N-69
7722:N-68
7717:N-67
7712:N-65
7707:N-63
7702:N-60
7697:N-59
7692:N-55
7687:N-54
7682:N-52
7677:N-51
7672:N-50
7667:N-49
7662:N-48
7657:N-47
7652:N-46
7647:N-45
7642:N-41
7637:N-40
7632:N-39
7627:N-38
7622:N-37
7617:N-36
7612:N-35
7607:N-34
7602:N-32
7597:N-31
7592:N-29
7587:N-26
7573:N-24
7568:N-23
7563:N-21
7558:N-20
7553:N-19
7548:N-18
7543:N-16
7538:N-15
7533:N-14
7528:N-12
7523:N-10
7441:Beta
7352:and
7333:ISBN
7319:ISBN
7304:ISBN
7286:ISBN
7262:ISBN
7244:ISBN
7228:ISBN
7215:ISBN
7197:ISBN
7184:link
7165:ISBN
7147:ISBN
7129:ISBN
7111:ISBN
7091:ISBN
7069:ISBN
7053:ISSN
7034:ISBN
7016:ISBN
6979:ISBN
6962:ISBN
6944:ISBN
6926:ISBN
6909:ISBN
6891:ISBN
6866:ISBN
6851:ISBN
6838:ISBN
6820:ISBN
6789:2022
6758:2022
6731:2022
6638:2020
6612:2016
6586:2016
6559:2023
6452:2023
6421:2022
6389:2022
6358:2022
6327:2022
6290:2022
6241:2014
6195:2013
6019:2018
5988:2018
5930:2013
5713:2015
5646:2015
5595:2018
5483:2008
5457:2010
5426:2016
5408:ISBN
5366:2018
5335:2018
5304:2023
5241:2020
5187:2016
5169:ISBN
5122:Moog
5018:2016
5000:ISBN
4934:2016
4916:ISBN
4895:2013
4614:2016
4578:2020
4547:2018
4434:2013
4296:2014
4202:via
3854:2020
3797:2012
3734:2023
3537:2023
3496:AP.
3414:2015
3375:Time
3325:2015
3170:2022
3015:2023
2562:AV-9
2543:AV-8
2524:AV-7
2505:AV-6
2486:AV-5
2467:AV-4
2448:AV-3
2429:AV-2
2410:AV-1
2337:ramp
2291:16×
2194:4 ×
2116:and
1993:Guam
1646:The
1629:and
1627:Guam
1505:and
1421:and
1272:and
1260:and
1178:and
1130:Guam
1104:and
1049:and
1036:GAMs
1011:and
982:and
961:and
952:and
878:Ohio
686:B-1B
523:and
406:and
394:and
333:The
320:Iraq
285:and
237:JDAM
228:and
197:. A
170:The
64:Type
11014:B-2
11009:B-1
10608:B-9
10603:B-8
10598:B-7
10593:B-6
10588:B-5
10583:B-4
10578:B-3
10573:B-2
10568:B-1
10520:B-2
10515:B-1
10136:Bat
10091:Bat
10057:Q-8
10048:Q-4
10033:E-8
9971:C-2
9966:C-1
9941:J3F
9936:JRF
9926:J2F
9900:E-2
9885:E-1
9859:A-6
9854:S-2
9834:TBF
9813:B-2
9762:F-9
9742:F8F
9737:F7F
9727:F6F
9712:F4F
9707:F3F
9702:F2F
8632:G-9
8627:G-8
8622:G-7
8617:G-6
8612:G-5
8607:G-4
8602:G-3
8596:G-2
8590:G-1
8369:X-4
8181:F-5
8176:F2T
8171:XFT
8130:Q-4
8114:B-2
8109:B2T
7514:N-9
7509:N-8
7504:N-7
7499:N-6
7494:N-5
7489:N-4
7484:N-3
7479:N-2
7470:N-1
6408:CNN
2339:at
2313:2×
2297:B83
2295:or
2293:B61
1991:in
1625:in
1550:at
1326:'s
1139:EMP
1032:GPS
1009:B61
613:in
559:),
541:MIT
240:GPS
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9921:JF
9875:SF
9849:AF
9697:FF
8308:RT
8146:3A
8104:BT
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3486:.
3327:.
3172:.
3017:.
2365:(
2248::
1465:-
1380:2
1264:(
805:C
163:)
34:.
20:)
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